CINXE.COM
Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library/Free resources - Wikipedia
<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library/Free resources - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"569cd573-99af-4d8e-a3ea-d43b0a0349d6","wgCanonicalNamespace":"Project","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":4,"wgPageName":"Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources","wgTitle":"The Wikipedia Library/Free resources","wgCurRevisionId":1234471468,"wgRevisionId":1234471468,"wgArticleId":39113060,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["The Wikipedia Library"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources","wgRelevantArticleId":39113060,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags": {"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgDiscussionToolsFeaturesEnabled":{"replytool":true,"newtopictool":true,"sourcemodetoolbar":true,"topicsubscription":false,"autotopicsub":false,"visualenhancements":false,"visualenhancements_reply":false,"visualenhancements_pageframe":false},"wgDiscussionToolsFallbackEditMode":"source","wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q20732800","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness" ,"fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.discussionTools.init.styles":"ready","oojs-ui-core.styles":"ready","oojs-ui.styles.indicators":"ready","mediawiki.widgets.styles":"ready","oojs-ui-core.icons":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp", "ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.discussionTools.init","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.discussionTools.init.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.widgets.styles%7Coojs-ui-core.icons%2Cstyles%7Coojs-ui.styles.indicators%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library/Free resources - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="ext-discussiontools-replytool-enabled ext-discussiontools-newtopictool-enabled ext-discussiontools-sourcemodetoolbar-enabled skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-4 ns-subject mw-editable page-Wikipedia_The_Wikipedia_Library_Free_resources rootpage-Wikipedia_The_Wikipedia_Library skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Wikipedia%3AThe+Wikipedia+Library%2FFree+resources" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Wikipedia%3AThe+Wikipedia+Library%2FFree+resources" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Wikipedia%3AThe+Wikipedia+Library%2FFree+resources" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Wikipedia%3AThe+Wikipedia+Library%2FFree+resources" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Other_lists" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_lists"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Other lists</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_lists-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>General</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-By_subject" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#By_subject"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>By subject</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-By_subject-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle By subject subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-By_subject-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-African_studies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#African_studies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>African studies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-African_studies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Agroforestry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agroforestry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Agroforestry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agroforestry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-American_studies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#American_studies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>American studies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-American_studies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archival_materials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archival_materials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Archival materials</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archival_materials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Art_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Art_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Art history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Art_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asian_studies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asian_studies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Asian studies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asian_studies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biology_and_zoology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biology_and_zoology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Biology and zoology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biology_and_zoology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canadian_studies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canadian_studies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>Canadian studies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canadian_studies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chemistry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chemistry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.9</span> <span>Chemistry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chemistry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.10</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Data_and_statistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Data_and_statistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.11</span> <span>Data and statistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Data_and_statistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Earth_and_environmental_studies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Earth_and_environmental_studies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.12</span> <span>Earth and environmental studies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Earth_and_environmental_studies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.13</span> <span>Economics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.14</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-European_studies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_studies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.15</span> <span>European studies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-European_studies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.16</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_and_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_and_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.17</span> <span>Government and politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_and_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.18</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Languages_and_linguistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages_and_linguistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.19</span> <span>Languages and linguistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages_and_linguistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.20</span> <span>Law</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Library_and_Information_Science" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Library_and_Information_Science"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.21</span> <span>Library and Information Science</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Library_and_Information_Science-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.22</span> <span>Literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mathematics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mathematics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.23</span> <span>Mathematics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mathematics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medicine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medicine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.24</span> <span>Medicine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medicine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.25</span> <span>Music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-News" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#News"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.26</span> <span>News</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-News-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Physics_and_astronomy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Physics_and_astronomy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.27</span> <span>Physics and astronomy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Physics_and_astronomy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Psychology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Psychology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.28</span> <span>Psychology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Psychology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion_and_philosophy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion_and_philosophy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.29</span> <span>Religion and philosophy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion_and_philosophy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sciences_(general)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sciences_(general)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.30</span> <span>Sciences (general)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sciences_(general)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Social_sciences_(general)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_sciences_(general)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.31</span> <span>Social sciences (general)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Social_sciences_(general)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.32</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Wikipedia</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">The Wikipedia Library/Free resources</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 11 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-11" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">11 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0" title="উইকিপিডিয়া:উইকিপিডিয়া গ্রন্থাগার/মুক্ত তথ্যসূত্র – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উইকিপিডিয়া:উইকিপিডিয়া গ্রন্থাগার/মুক্ত তথ্যসূত্র" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC_%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C%EA%B4%80/%EC%9E%90%EC%9C%A0_%EB%A6%AC%EC%86%8C%EC%8A%A4" title="위키백과:위키백과 도서관/자유 리소스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="위키백과:위키백과 도서관/자유 리소스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A4" title="विकिपीडिया:विकिपीडिया पुस्तकालय/मुक्त स्त्रोत – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विकिपीडिया:विकिपीडिया पुस्तकालय/मुक्त स्त्रोत" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:La_Biblioteca_di_Wikipedia/archivi_aperti" title="Wikipedia:La Biblioteca di Wikipedia/archivi aperti – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Wikipedia:La Biblioteca di Wikipedia/archivi aperti" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Szabad_forr%C3%A1sok" title="Wikipédia:Szabad források – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Wikipédia:Szabad források" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%83%91%E3%83%96%E3%83%AA%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%83%89%E3%83%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%81%AE%E8%B3%87%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:パブリックドメインの資源 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Wikipedia:パブリックドメインの資源" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedian_L%C3%A4hdekirjasto/Ilmaiset_aineistot" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedian Lähdekirjasto/Ilmaiset aineistot – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Wikipedia:Wikipedian Lähdekirjasto/Ilmaiset aineistot" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Resurser" title="Wikipedia:Resurser – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Wikipedia:Resurser" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipedi:%C3%9Ccretsiz_gazete_kaynaklar%C4%B1" title="Vikipedi:Ücretsiz gazete kaynakları – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Vikipedi:Ücretsiz gazete kaynakları" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Th%C6%B0_vi%E1%BB%87n_Wikipedia/T%C3%A0i_li%E1%BB%87u_m%E1%BB%9F" title="Wikipedia:Thư viện Wikipedia/Tài liệu mở – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Wikipedia:Thư viện Wikipedia/Tài liệu mở" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86/%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99" title="Wikipedia:维基百科图书馆/资料 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Wikipedia:维基百科图书馆/资料" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q20732800#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-project" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources" title="View the project page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Project page</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&oldid=1234471468" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWikipedia%3AThe_Wikipedia_Library%2FFree_resources"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWikipedia%3AThe_Wikipedia_Library%2FFree_resources"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Wikipedia%3AThe_Wikipedia_Library%2FFree_resources&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q20732800" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><div class="subpages">< <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library" title="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library">Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library</a></bdi></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">List of free resources for the editors to use while editing on Wikipedia</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238436933">.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ombox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ombox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ombox-style{border:1px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ombox-move{border:1px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ombox-protection{border:2px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.ombox img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}</style><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg/80px-Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg/120px-Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg/160px-Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="72" data-file-height="110"/></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="line-height: 1.5em; font-size:93%;"><div style="margin-top:-3px; padding:3px"><span style="font-size:120%"><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library" title="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library">The Wikipedia Library</a></b></span> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:The_Wikipedia_Library" title="Wikipedia talk:The Wikipedia Library">talk</a> | <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Navbox&action=edit">edit</a>)</small><br/> <p><span style="font-size:120%"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/">Get free access to research!</a></span> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <p><b>Research tools and services</b> </p> <div id="resources" style="padding-left:1em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Resource_Exchange/Resource_Request" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Resource Exchange/Resource Request">Resource Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk" title="Wikipedia:Reference desk">Reference Desk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:TWL/OA" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:TWL/OA">Discover open access</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Free Resource Guides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Book_sources" title="Wikipedia:Book sources">Book Sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Journal_sources" title="Wikipedia:Journal sources">Journal Sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_bibliographies" title="Wikipedia:List of bibliographies">Bibliographies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_English_newspaper_sources" title="Wikipedia:Free English newspaper sources">Free newspaper sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_digital_library_projects" title="List of digital library projects">Online archives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Find_your_library" title="Wikipedia:Find your library">Find Your Local Library tips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Find_your_source" title="Wikipedia:Find your source">Find Your Source tips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FIND" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:FIND">How to find sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Cite" title="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library/Cite">Citation tools guide</a></li></ul> </div> <p><b>Outreach</b> </p> <div id="outreach" style="padding-left:1em"> <ul><li><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/The_Wikipedia_Library/Bookshelf" class="extiw" title="meta:The Wikipedia Library/Bookshelf">The Wikipedia Library Bookshelf (meta)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:TWL/UNILIB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:TWL/UNILIB">Universities and Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:TWL/Archivists" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:TWL/Archivists">Archivists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:TWL/Publishers" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:TWL/Publishers">Publishers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Loves_Libraries" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia Loves Libraries">Wikipedia Loves Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_Source_MetaData" class="extiw" title="d:Wikidata:WikiProject Source MetaData">Wikidata source metadata</a></li></ul> </div> <p><b>Get involved</b> </p> <div id="involved" style="padding-left:1em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/">Get free access to sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:TWL/Newsletter" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:TWL/Newsletter">Read the <i>Books & Bytes</i> newsletter</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/wikidata-game/distributed/#game=9">Help disambiguate authors of scholarly papers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Visiting_Scholars" title="Wikipedia:Visiting Scholars">Be a Wikipedia Visiting Scholar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Library_interns" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library/Library interns">Teach Library Interns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators">Become a Coordinator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:TWL/About" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:TWL/About">Learn about TWL</a></li></ul> </div> </div> <hr/> <div class="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://openaccessbutton.org" rel="nofollow"><img alt="Open Access Button" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/OpenAccessButtonLogo.svg/90px-OpenAccessButtonLogo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="51" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/OpenAccessButtonLogo.svg/135px-OpenAccessButtonLogo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/OpenAccessButtonLogo.svg/180px-OpenAccessButtonLogo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="400"/></a></span> ...<i>Support Open Access</i>... <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://unpaywall.org/" rel="nofollow"><img alt="unpaywall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Unpaywall_logo.png/90px-Unpaywall_logo.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Unpaywall_logo.png/135px-Unpaywall_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Unpaywall_logo.png/180px-Unpaywall_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="382"/></a></span></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>This is a starting point for collating free, web-based resources available to editors, as well as indexes to help point to sources. Please feel free to add new resources with a URL to the site, and a brief description. Don't worry too much about presentation or organization, this is just a draft. Add new headings as needed. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-2"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc"/></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Other_lists" data-mw-thread-id="h-Other_lists"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Other_lists"></span>Other lists<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Other_lists"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Other lists"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span><!--__DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Other_lists","replies":[]}}--></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1232484023">.mw-parser-output .help-box{background:#f5faff;line-height:1.6em}.mw-parser-output .help-box .sidebar-title{background:#cee0f2;font-size:130%;padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;margin-bottom:6px}.mw-parser-output .help-box .sidebar-heading{background:#cee0f2;padding:0.1em 0.7em 0.15em}.mw-parser-output .help-box .sidebar-content,.mw-parser-output .help-box .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding-top:0.15em}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .help-box{width:auto;max-width:22em}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .help-box{background:#0d1a27}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .help-box .sidebar-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .help-box .sidebar-heading{background:#082849}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .help-box{background-color:#0d1a27}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .help-box .sidebar-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .help-box .sidebar-heading{background:#082849}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks help-box noprint plainlist" style="width:200px"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Resource_Exchange" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Resource Exchange">WikiProject Resource Exchange</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Resource_Exchange/Shared_Resources" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Resource Exchange/Shared Resources">Shared Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Resource_Exchange/Resource_Request" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Resource Exchange/Resource Request">Resource Request</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_image_resources" title="Wikipedia:Free image resources">Free image resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_free_online_resources" title="Wikipedia:List of free online resources">Free online resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_sound_resources" title="Wikipedia:Free sound resources">Free sound resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Public_domain_resources" title="Wikipedia:Public domain resources">Public domain resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Public_domain_image_resources" title="Wikipedia:Public domain image resources">Public domain image resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_or_semi-free_non-Public-Domain_information_resources" title="Wikipedia:Free or semi-free non-Public-Domain information resources">Non-PD resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_bibliographies" title="Wikipedia:List of bibliographies">Bibliographies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Maps/Source_materials" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Maps/Source materials">Maps</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Article_resources" title="Template:Article resources"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Article_resources" title="Template talk:Article resources"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Article_resources" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Article resources"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Wikipedia</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Public_domain_resources" title="Wikipedia:Public domain resources">Public domain resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_free_online_resources" title="Wikipedia:List of free online resources">Free online resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:GNU_Free_Documentation_License_resources" title="Wikipedia:GNU Free Documentation License resources">GNU Free Documentation License Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_or_semi-free_non-Public-Domain_information_resources" title="Wikipedia:Free or semi-free non-Public-Domain information resources">Free or semi-free non-public-domain information resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:WikiProject_reference_libraries" title="Category:WikiProject reference libraries">WikiProject reference libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Unreferenced_articles/Resources" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Unreferenced articles/Resources">Unreferenced article resources</a></li></ul> <p><b>Articles</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_digital_library_projects" title="List of digital library projects">List of digital library projects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_scientific_journals" title="List of scientific journals">List of scientific journals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_academic_databases_and_search_engines" title="List of academic databases and search engines">List of academic databases and search engines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Contents/Lists#General_reference" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Contents/Lists">Portal:Contents/Lists#General reference</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="General" data-mw-thread-id="h-General"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-General"></span>General<span data-mw-comment-end="h-General"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: General"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span><!--__DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-General","replies":[]}}--></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Directory_of_Open_Access_Journals" title="Directory of Open Access Journals">Directory of Open Access Journals</a> (DOAJ) - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.doaj.org/">doaj.org</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_Books_Page" title="Online Books Page">Online Books Page</a> - repository of out-of-copyright, full-text e-books, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/">onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a> - 30,000 e-books, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/">gutenberg.org</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Scholar" title="Google Scholar">Google Scholar</a> - index of both free, and paywalled academic articles, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholar.google.com/">scholar.google.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Public_Library" title="Internet Public Library">Internet Public Library</a> - search engine of resources maintained by volunteer librarians, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ipl.org/">ipl.org</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_Access_Directory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Open Access Directory (page does not exist)">Open Access Directory</a> (OAD): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oad.simmons.edu/oadwiki/Main_Page">website</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Open_Access/Open_Access_Catalogue" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Open Access/Open Access Catalogue">WikiProject Open Access Catalogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OAPEN" class="mw-redirect" title="OAPEN">OAPEN Library</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oapen.org/home">website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/">Open Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ROAD" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="ROAD">ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://road.issn.org/">website</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DOAB" class="mw-redirect" title="DOAB">Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB)</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.doabooks.org/">website</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Registry_of_Open_Access_Repositories" title="Registry of Open Access Repositories">Registry of Open Access Repositories (ROAR)</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://roar.eprints.org/">website</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COnnecting_REpositories" class="mw-redirect" title="COnnecting REpositories">COnnecting REpositories (CORE)</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://core.kmi.open.ac.uk/">website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oad.simmons.edu/oadwiki/Publishers_of_OA_books">OAD index of OA book publishers</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oad.simmons.edu/oadwiki/Data_repositories">OAD index of open data repositories</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mendeley.com/research-papers/">Mendeley research papers</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dlc.dlib.indiana.edu/dlc/">Digital Library of the Commons</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.loc.gov/">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.siris.si.edu/">SIRIS</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://network.bepress.com/">Digital Commons Network</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.opengrey.eu/">Opengrey</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oatd.org/">Open Access Theses and Dissertations</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zavesti.com/a-book-lovers-guide-to-free-cheap-books-online/">A Guide to Free & Cheap Books Online</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ocw.mit.edu">MIT Open Courseware</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="By_subject" data-mw-thread-id="h-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-By_subject"></span>By subject<span data-mw-comment-end="h-By_subject"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: By subject"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span><!--__DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-By_subject","replies":["h-African_studies-By_subject","h-Agroforestry-By_subject","h-American_studies-By_subject","h-Archival_materials-By_subject","h-Art_history-By_subject","h-Asian_studies-By_subject","h-Biology_and_zoology-By_subject","h-Canadian_studies-By_subject","h-Chemistry-By_subject","h-Culture-By_subject","h-Data_and_statistics-By_subject","h-Earth_and_environmental_studies-By_subject","h-Economics-By_subject","h-Education-By_subject","h-European_studies-By_subject","h-Geography-By_subject","h-Government_and_politics-By_subject","h-History-By_subject","h-Languages_and_linguistics-By_subject","h-Law-By_subject","h-Library_and_Information_Science-By_subject","h-Literature-By_subject","h-Mathematics-By_subject","h-Medicine-By_subject","h-Music-By_subject","h-News-By_subject","h-Physics_and_astronomy-By_subject","h-Psychology-By_subject","h-Religion_and_philosophy-By_subject","h-Sciences_(general)-By_subject","h-Social_sciences_(general)-By_subject","h-Sports-By_subject"]}}--></div> <dl><dd><i>See also <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/The_Wikipedia_Library/Collections" class="extiw" title="meta:The Wikipedia Library/Collections">Collections</a> on Meta.</i></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="African_studies" data-mw-thread-id="h-African_studies-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-African_studies-By_subject"></span>African studies<span data-mw-comment-end="h-African_studies-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: African studies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/rwhistory.htm">East Africa @ UPenn</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.africareview.com/-/979156/979156/-/125aggy/-/index.html">Africa Review</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agroforestry" data-mw-thread-id="h-Agroforestry-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Agroforestry-By_subject"></span>Agroforestry<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Agroforestry-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Agroforestry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubag.nal.usda.gov/pubag/home.xhtml">PubAg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://orgprints.org/">Organic EPrints</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gfis.net/gfis/en/en/">Global Forest Information Service</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/home/en/">FAO</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="American_studies" data-mw-thread-id="h-American_studies-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-American_studies-By_subject"></span>American studies<span data-mw-comment-end="h-American_studies-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: American studies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/index.html">American Memory Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Oregon/Reference_desk" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Oregon/Reference desk">Wikipedia:WikiProject_Oregon/Reference_desk</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Archival_materials" data-mw-thread-id="h-Archival_materials-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Archival_materials-By_subject"></span>Archival materials<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Archival_materials-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Archival materials"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archiveshub.ac.uk/index.html">ArchivesHub</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.archives.gov/research/search/">National Archives</a> (US)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Art_history" data-mw-thread-id="h-Art_history-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Art_history-By_subject"></span>Art history<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Art_history-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Art history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/search/collection/p15324coll10">Over 1,200 (and growing) books</a> published by the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>, New York, up to c. 2009, fully available to download as PDFs (though content is still copyrighted) from the Thomas J. Watson Library at the MMA. Exhibition and collection catalogues, many very large and well-illustrated, and much else. Also useful for general history etc.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordartonline.com/public/page/Free_content">Oxford Art Online</a> (select articles)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asian_studies" data-mw-thread-id="h-Asian_studies-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Asian_studies-By_subject"></span>Asian studies<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Asian_studies-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Asian studies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eastasianlib.princeton.edu/sepealelecdat.htm">East Asian Library</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.openhistory.org/jhdp/">Japanese History Documentation Project</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Biology_and_zoology" data-mw-thread-id="h-Biology_and_zoology-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Biology_and_zoology-By_subject"></span>Biology and zoology<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Biology_and_zoology-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Biology and zoology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">Encyclopedia of Life</a> - collection of biology-related articles and links: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eol.org/">eol.org</a></li> <li>Biodiversity Heritage Library - access to legacy literature - <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org">http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/taxonomyhome.html/">Taxonomy Browser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Biology" title="Open Biology">Open Biology</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rsob.royalsocietypublishing.org">(web site)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Birds/References" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Birds/References">Wikipedia:WikiProject_Birds/References</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zookeys" class="mw-redirect" title="Zookeys">Zookeys</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zookeys.pensoft.net/">(web site)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phytokeys" class="mw-redirect" title="Phytokeys">Phytokeys</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/">(web site)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canadian_studies" data-mw-thread-id="h-Canadian_studies-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Canadian_studies-By_subject"></span>Canadian studies<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Canadian_studies-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Canadian studies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thecanadianencyclopedia.com/en/">Canadian Encyclopedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Canadian_wikipedians%27_notice_board/References" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Canadian wikipedians' notice board/References">Wikipedia:Canadian_wikipedians'_notice_board/References</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chemistry" data-mw-thread-id="h-Chemistry-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Chemistry-By_subject"></span>Chemistry<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Chemistry-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Chemistry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/">Toxnet</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chemistrycentral.com/">Chemistry Central</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/">ChemIDplus</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Culture" data-mw-thread-id="h-Culture-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Culture-By_subject"></span>Culture<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Culture-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unesco.org/webworld/public_domain/public_inf.html">UNESCO Public Domain Resources and Virtual Library</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ampas_awards/BasicSearchInput.jsp">Academy Awards database</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bmi.com/search/?link=navbar">BMI repertoire search</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ascap.com/ace/search.cfm?mode=search">ASCAP search</a>. <small>Look up song titles, publishers and songwriters/composers.</small></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.co.uk/books/serial/ISSN:00062510?rview=1"><i>Billboard</i> magazine archives</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.emmys.com/award_history_search">Emmy Awards database</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.grammy.com/GRAMMY_Awards/Winners/">Grammy Awards database</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Anime_and_manga/Online_reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Anime and manga/Online reliable sources">Japanese Anime and manga WikiProject's list of sources</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rollingstone.com"><i>Rolling Stone</i> magazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Comics/References" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Comics/References">Wikipedia:WikiProject_Comics/References</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Video_games/Reference_library/Online_print_archive" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Video games/Reference library/Online print archive">Wikipedia:WikiProject_Video_games/Reference_library/Online_print_archive</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Data_and_statistics" data-mw-thread-id="h-Data_and_statistics-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Data_and_statistics-By_subject"></span>Data and statistics<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Data_and_statistics-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Data and statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.un.org/">UNData</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uis.unesco.org/Pages/default.aspx">UNESCO Institute for Statistics</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://datacatalog.worldbank.org/">World Bank Data Catalog</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.data.gov/">Data.gov</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.census.gov">United States Census Bureau</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idb/">International Data Base</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eia.doe.gov">US Energy Information Agency</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Earth_and_environmental_studies" data-mw-thread-id="h-Earth_and_environmental_studies-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Earth_and_environmental_studies-By_subject"></span>Earth and environmental studies<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Earth_and_environmental_studies-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Earth and environmental studies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldwideenergy.org/">WorldWideEnergy</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cdp.ucar.edu/">NCAR</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.climate.gov/">Climate.gov</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economics" data-mw-thread-id="h-Economics-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Economics-By_subject"></span>Economics<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Economics-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Economics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nber.org/">National Bureau of Economics Research</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://research.stlouisfed.org/fred2/">FRED</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/index.html">The Economist</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heritage.org/research/features/index/">Index of Economic Freedom</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/res/index.htm">International Monetary Fund</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education" data-mw-thread-id="h-Education-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Education-By_subject"></span>Education<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Education-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nces.ed.gov/">National Center for Education Statistics</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eric.ed.gov/">ERIC</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ericdigests.org/">ERIC Digests</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uis.unesco.org/Pages/default.aspx">UNESCO Institute for Statistics</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="European_studies" data-mw-thread-id="h-European_studies-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-European_studies-By_subject"></span>European studies<span data-mw-comment-end="h-European_studies-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: European studies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vifaost.de/en/">Virtual Library Eastern Europe</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gallica.bnf.fr/">Gallica</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geography" data-mw-thread-id="h-Geography-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Geography-By_subject"></span>Geography<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Geography-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/country_profiles/default.stm">BBC Country Profiles</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theodora.com/wfb/index.html">Countries of the World</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/historical/index.html">Historical Maps</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/">Library of Congress Country Studies</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/">CIA World Factbook</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.evl.uic.edu/pape/data/WDB/">CIA World DataBank II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/country_profiles/default.stm">Country Profiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ELDIS" title="ELDIS">ELDIS</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eldis.org/go/country-profiles">Country and Regional Profiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Geographic_references" title="Wikipedia:Geographic references">Wikipedia:Geographic_references</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Government_and_politics" data-mw-thread-id="h-Government_and_politics-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Government_and_politics-By_subject"></span>Government and politics<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Government_and_politics-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Government and politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hsdl.org/?home">Homeland Security Digital Library</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/biosearch/biosearch.asp">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress 1774 to present</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brookings.edu/">Reports and publications</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Brookings_Institution" title="Brookings Institution">Brookings Institution</a>, public policy think tank in Washington, D.C.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cato.org/pubs/">Reports and publications</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Cato_Institute" title="Cato Institute">Cato Institute</a>, public policy think-tank headquartered in Washington, D.C.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.americanprogress.org/publications">Reports and publications</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Center_for_American_Progress" title="Center for American Progress">Center for American Progress</a>, public policy think tank in Washington, D.C.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eulib.com/">EULib</a>: large, searchable collection of official <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> news and documents.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://foreignaffairs.org/">Foreign Affairs</a>: periodical published by the <a href="/wiki/Council_on_Foreign_Relations" title="Council on Foreign Relations">Council on Foreign Relations</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.foreignpolicy.com/">Foreign Policy</a>: a leading quarterly of international affairs.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/">Marxists Internet Archive</a> - Collection of primary source documents</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Conservatism/References" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Conservatism/References">Wikipedia:WikiProject_Conservatism/References</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/User:Superb_Owl/Reliable_Source_Engines" class="mw-redirect" title="User:Superb Owl/Reliable Source Engines">User:Superb Owl/Reliable Source Engines</a>: only includes perennial generally reliable sources, including an option to only search sites without paywalls, making search results easier to filter out (though some op-ed pages remain)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History" data-mw-thread-id="h-History-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-History-By_subject"></span>History<span data-mw-comment-end="h-History-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aac.sub.uni-goettingen.de/en/history/guide/">Library of Anglo-American Culture and History</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg-e.org/">Gutenberg-e</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vlib.us/medieval/lectures/">Lectures in Medieval History</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.torontopubliclibrary.ca/digital-archive/">Digital Archive</a>, Toronto Public Library</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Australian_Dictionary_of_Biography" title="Australian Dictionary of Biography">Australian Dictionary of Biography</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au">[1]</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_Canadian_Biography" title="Dictionary of Canadian Biography">Dictionary of Canadian Biography</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.biographi.ca">[2]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Languages_and_linguistics" data-mw-thread-id="h-Languages_and_linguistics-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Languages_and_linguistics-By_subject"></span>Languages and linguistics<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Languages_and_linguistics-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Languages and linguistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://linguistlist.org/ask-ling/index.cfm">Ask a Linguist</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unizar.es/departamentos/filologia_inglesa/garciala/bibliography.html"><i>A Bibliography of Literary Theory, Criticism, and Philology</i></a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Law" data-mw-thread-id="h-Law-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Law-By_subject"></span>Law<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Law-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Court_of_Justice" class="mw-redirect" title="African Court of Justice">African Court of Justice</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.au.int/en/dp/legal">[3]</a> - African Union</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coalition_for_the_International_Criminal_Court" title="Coalition for the International Criminal Court">Coalition for the International Criminal Court</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.iccnow.org">[4]</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amnesty.org/">Amnesty International</a>: human rights.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_law" class="mw-redirect" title="European Union law">European Union law</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.europa.eu/documentation/legislation/index_en.htm">[5]</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/">Human Rights Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Court_of_Justice" title="International Court of Justice">International Court of Justice</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.icj-cij.org/homepage/index.php">[6]</a> - (ICJ) United Nations' judicial body</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.icc-cpi.int/Menus/ICC/Home">[7]</a> - ICC is in Hague, Netherlands governed by the Rome Statute</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_Library_of_Congress" title="Law Library of Congress">Law Library of Congress</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.loc.gov/law">[8]</a> - United States Internet Law Library of Congress</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Library_and_Information_Science" data-mw-thread-id="h-Library_and_Information_Science-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Library_and_Information_Science-By_subject"></span>Library and Information Science<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Library_and_Information_Science-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Library and Information Science"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.liswire.com/">Librarian's News Wire</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lisnews.org/">Librarian and Information Science News</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literature" data-mw-thread-id="h-Literature-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Literature-By_subject"></span>Literature<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Literature-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gale_(publisher)" title="Gale (publisher)">Gale's Literary Index</a> - database of Gale entries on literature and authors, as well as bibliographies: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.galenet.com/servlet/LitIndex">galenet.com/servlet/LitIndex</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org">Project Gutenberg</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mathematics" data-mw-thread-id="h-Mathematics-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Mathematics-By_subject"></span>Mathematics<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Mathematics-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Mathematics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zbmath.org/">zbMath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Mathematics" title="Encyclopedia of Mathematics">Encyclopedia of Mathematics</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.encyclopediaofmath.org">[9]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MathWorld" title="MathWorld">MathWorld</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.mathworld.wolfram.com">[10]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlanetMath" title="PlanetMath">PlanetMath</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.planetmath.org">[11]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Mathematics/Reference_resources" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Mathematics/Reference resources">Wikipedia:WikiProject_Mathematics/Reference_resources</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medicine" data-mw-thread-id="h-Medicine-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Medicine-By_subject"></span>Medicine<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Medicine-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Medicine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Free Medical Journals - index of 3,630 free medical journals: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.freemedicaljournals.com/">freemedicaljournals.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/">MedlinePlus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PubMed</a> - index of over 22 million items in the biomedical field: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed">ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/index.html">Merck Manual</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fda.gov/">Food and Drug Administration (FDA)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biomedcentral.com/">BioMed Central</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.drugbank.ca/">DrugBank</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/drugportal.jsp">Drug Information Portal</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/">CDC</a></li> <li>Global Health Observatory (GHO) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.who.int/gho/en/">(web site)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music" data-mw-thread-id="h-Music-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Music-By_subject"></span>Music<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Music-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ezfolk.com/library/">The ezFolk Public Domain Music Library</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibiblio.org/mutopia/">Mutopia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cpdl.org/">The Choral Public Domain Library</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://icking-music-archive.org/">The Werner Icking Music Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/public/page/Free_content">Oxford Music Online</a> (select articles)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="News" data-mw-thread-id="h-News-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-News-By_subject"></span>News<span data-mw-comment-end="h-News-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: News"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main page: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:LOONA" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:LOONA">WP:LOONA</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_News" title="Google News">Google News</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eagle.brooklynpubliclibrary.org/Default/Skins/BEagle/Client.asp?Skin=BEagle">Brooklyn Daily Eagle</a> – Digitization of the historic Brooklyn Daily Eagle newspaper, from October 26, 1841, to December 31, 1902; approximately 147,000 pages.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov">Chronicling America</a> – Digitization project of the U.S. Library of Congress; a smorgasbord of American newspapers published between 1836 and 1922; approximately 5,200,000 pages.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fultonhistory.com/Fulton.html">Old Fulton NY Post Cards</a> – A private digitization project; contains over 21,000,000 old New York State historical newspaper pages.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.nnyln.net/">Northern New York Library Network</a>, overlapping some of Old Fulton's content but smaller (about 2,000,000 pages) and providing a different search interface.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast">Papers Past</a> – Digitization project of the National Library of New Zealand; over 2,000,000 New Zealand newspaper pages.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://trove.nla.gov.au/">Trove</a> – Digitization project of the National Library of Australia; over 5,000,000 Australian newspaper pages.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elephind.com">Elephind</a> – text searchable free database of approximately 2,700 newspapers.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theeuropeanlibrary.org/tel4/newspapers">The European Library</a> – text searchable free database of approximately 3.3 million European newspaper pages; a project funded under the European Commission's CIP 2007 – 2013 programme.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Physics_and_astronomy" data-mw-thread-id="h-Physics_and_astronomy-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Physics_and_astronomy-By_subject"></span>Physics and astronomy<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Physics_and_astronomy-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Physics and astronomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/">arXiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Aeronautics_and_Space_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="National Aeronautics and Space Administration">NASA</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.nasa.gov">[12]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space.com" title="Space.com">Space.com</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.space.com">[13]</a> - space news</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Psychology" data-mw-thread-id="h-Psychology-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Psychology-By_subject"></span>Psychology<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Psychology-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Psychology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://psychclassics.yorku.ca/index.htm"><i>Classics in the History of Psychology</i></a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion_and_philosophy" data-mw-thread-id="h-Religion_and_philosophy-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Religion_and_philosophy-By_subject"></span>Religion and philosophy<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Religion_and_philosophy-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Religion and philosophy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sacred-texts.com/index.htm">Internet Sacred Text Archive</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(Authorized_Version)" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Bible (Authorized Version)">King James Bible (Authorized Version)</a> (1611)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccel.org/">Christian Classics Ethereal Library</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kamakoti.org/hindudharma/part5/chap1.htm">The Basic Texts of Hinduism and Veda</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dlshq.org/download/download.htm#practicekarma">Free Books on Yoga, Religion and Hindu Philosophy</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/index.jsp">The Jewish Encyclopedia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cwis.usc.edu/dept/MSA/quran/">Three parallel texts of the Qur'an</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Internet_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophy" title="Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy">Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.iep.utm.edu">[14]</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stanford_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophy" title="Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy">Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://plato.stanford.edu/">(web site)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/sacredtexts/sacredthemesall.html">The British Library's complete collection of sacred texts</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sciences_(general)" data-mw-thread-id="h-Sciences_(general)-By_subject"><span id="Sciences_.28general.29"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Sciences_(general)-By_subject"></span>Sciences (general)<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Sciences_(general)-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Sciences (general)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.science.gov/">Science.gov</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.plos.org/">PLoS</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nap.edu/content/about-the-national-academies-press">National Academies Press</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Social_sciences_(general)" data-mw-thread-id="h-Social_sciences_(general)-By_subject"><span id="Social_sciences_.28general.29"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Social_sciences_(general)-By_subject"></span>Social sciences (general)<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Social_sciences_(general)-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Social sciences (general)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ssrn.com/en/">SSRN</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sports" data-mw-thread-id="h-Sports-By_subject"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Sports-By_subject"></span>Sports<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Sports-By_subject"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Football/Links" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Football/Links">Wikiproject Football's list of sources</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sports-reference.com">Sports Reference</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/">Sports Illustrated Vault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_College_of_Sports_Medicine" title="American College of Sports Medicine">American College of Sports Medicine</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.acsm.org">[15]</a> - American Collge of Sports Medicine</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ESPN" title="ESPN">ESPN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.espn.go.com">[16]</a></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f69cdc8f6‐8bk57 Cached time: 20241123053202 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] DiscussionTools time usage: 0.022 seconds CPU time usage: 0.220 seconds Real time usage: 0.290 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 569/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 15951/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1464/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 15718/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.086/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1592069/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 200.688 1 -total 35.32% 70.890 1 Template:Article_resources 33.66% 67.553 1 Template:Helpbox 32.77% 65.765 1 Template:Sidebar 27.79% 55.774 1 Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Header 25.69% 51.550 1 Template:Short_description 24.51% 49.188 1 Template:Mbox 19.85% 39.841 1 Template:Pagetype 13.42% 26.935 1 Template:Flatlist 8.45% 16.954 1 Template:Main --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:39113060-0!canonical and timestamp 20241123053202 and revision id 1234471468. Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&oldid=1234471468">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&oldid=1234471468</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:The_Wikipedia_Library" title="Category:The Wikipedia Library">The Wikipedia Library</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 14 July 2024, at 15:02<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Free_resources&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-d8f47","wgBackendResponseTime":113,"wgDiscussionToolsPageThreads":[{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Other_lists","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-General","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-By_subject","replies":[{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-African_studies-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Agroforestry-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-American_studies-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Archival_materials-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Art_history-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Asian_studies-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Biology_and_zoology-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Canadian_studies-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Chemistry-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Culture-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Data_and_statistics-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Earth_and_environmental_studies-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Economics-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Education-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-European_studies-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Geography-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Government_and_politics-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-History-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Languages_and_linguistics-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Law-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Library_and_Information_Science-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Literature-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Mathematics-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Medicine-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Music-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-News-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Physics_and_astronomy-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Psychology-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Religion_and_philosophy-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Sciences_(general)-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Social_sciences_(general)-By_subject","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":3,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Sports-By_subject","replies":[]}]}],"wgPageParseReport":{"discussiontools":{"limitreport-timeusage":"0.022"},"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.220","walltime":"0.290","ppvisitednodes":{"value":569,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":15951,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":1464,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":8,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":15718,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 200.688 1 -total"," 35.32% 70.890 1 Template:Article_resources"," 33.66% 67.553 1 Template:Helpbox"," 32.77% 65.765 1 Template:Sidebar"," 27.79% 55.774 1 Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Header"," 25.69% 51.550 1 Template:Short_description"," 24.51% 49.188 1 Template:Mbox"," 19.85% 39.841 1 Template:Pagetype"," 13.42% 26.935 1 Template:Flatlist"," 8.45% 16.954 1 Template:Main"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.086","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1592069,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-8bk57","timestamp":"20241123053202","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> </body> </html>