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class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Overblik</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Overblik-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underafsnit Overblik</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Overblik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Funktioner_i_proteiner" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Funktioner_i_proteiner"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Funktioner i proteiner</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Funktioner_i_proteiner-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Generel_struktur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Generel_struktur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Generel struktur</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Generel_struktur-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underafsnit Generel struktur</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Generel_struktur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Isomeri" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Isomeri"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Isomeri</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Isomeri-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reaktioner" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reaktioner"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Reaktioner</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Reaktioner-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underafsnit Reaktioner</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Reaktioner-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dannelse_af_peptidbinding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dannelse_af_peptidbinding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Dannelse af peptidbinding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dannelse_af_peptidbinding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hydrofile_og_hydrofobe_aminosyrer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hydrofile_og_hydrofobe_aminosyrer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Hydrofile og hydrofobe aminosyrer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hydrofile_og_hydrofobe_aminosyrer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tabel_over_standardaminosyrer,_forkortelser_og_sidekædeegenskaber" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tabel_over_standardaminosyrer,_forkortelser_og_sidekædeegenskaber"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Tabel over standardaminosyrer, forkortelser og sidekædeegenskaber</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tabel_over_standardaminosyrer,_forkortelser_og_sidekædeegenskaber-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ikke-standardaminosyrer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ikke-standardaminosyrer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Ikke-standardaminosyrer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ikke-standardaminosyrer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ernæringsmæssig_relevans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ernæringsmæssig_relevans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Ernæringsmæssig relevans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ernæringsmæssig_relevans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Se_også" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_også"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Se også</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_også-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referencer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referencer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Referencer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referencer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_henvisninger" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_henvisninger"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Eksterne henvisninger</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_henvisninger-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul indholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul indholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Aminosyre</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikel på et andet sprog. Tilgængelig på 110 sprog" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-110" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">110 sprog</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminosuur" title="Aminosuur – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Aminosuur" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%B6_%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A" title="حمض أميني – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حمض أميني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E2%80%99_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1" title="এমিন’ এছিড – assamesisk" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="এমিন’ এছিড" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino%C3%A1cidu" title="Aminoácidu – asturisk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Aminoácidu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amintur%C5%9Fular" title="Aminturşular – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Aminturşular" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="آمینو اسید – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آمینو اسید" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asidong_amino" title="Asidong amino – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Asidong amino" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Амінакіслоты – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Амінакіслоты" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Амінакісьлі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Амінакісьлі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Аминокиселина – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Аминокиселина" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8B_%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1" title="অ্যামিনো অ্যাসিড – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অ্যামিনো অ্যাসিড" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminokiselina" title="Aminokiselina – bosnisk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Aminokiselina" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino%C3%A0cid" title="Aminoàcid – catalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Aminoàcid" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B4%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C" title="ترشی ئەمینی – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ترشی ئەمینی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminokyselina" title="Aminokyselina – tjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Aminokyselina" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9%D3%B3%C3%A7%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Аминойӳçек – tjuvasjisk" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Аминойӳçек" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tjuvasjisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asid_amino" title="Asid amino – walisisk" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Asid amino" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminos%C3%A4uren" title="Aminosäuren – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Aminosäuren" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BE%CE%AD%CE%B1" title="Αμινοξέα – græsk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αμινοξέα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="græsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="god artikel"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid" title="Amino acid – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Amino acid" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoacido" title="Aminoacido – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Aminoacido" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino%C3%A1cido" title="Aminoácido – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Aminoácido" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminohapped" title="Aminohapped – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Aminohapped" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoazido" title="Aminoazido – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Aminoazido" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="آمینو اسید – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آمینو اسید" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminohapot" title="Aminohapot – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Aminohapot" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminos%C3%BDra" title="Aminosýra – færøsk" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Aminosýra" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="færøsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acide_amin%C3%A9" title="Acide aminé – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Acide aminé" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminos%C3%BCren" title="Aminosüren – nordfrisisk" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Aminosüren" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nordfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aim%C3%ADonaig%C3%A9ad" title="Aimíonaigéad – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Aimíonaigéad" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino%C3%A1cido" title="Aminoácido – galicisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Aminoácido" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid" title="Amino acid – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Amino acid" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%94n-k%C3%AE-s%C3%B4n" title="Ôn-kî-sôn – hakka-kinesisk" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Ôn-kî-sôn" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka-kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%A6%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%95" title="חומצת אמינו – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חומצת אמינו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2" title="अमीनो अम्ल – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अमीनो अम्ल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminokiselina" title="Aminokiselina – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Aminokiselina" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asid_amine" title="Asid amine – haitisk" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Asid amine" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminosavak" title="Aminosavak – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Aminosavak" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%A9%D5%A9%D5%B8%D6%82" title="Ամինաթթու – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ամինաթթու" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoacido" title="Aminoacido – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Aminoacido" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asam_amino" title="Asam amino – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Asam amino" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoacido" title="Aminoacido – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Aminoacido" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Am%C3%ADn%C3%B3s%C3%BDra" title="Amínósýra – islandsk" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Amínósýra" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amminoacido" title="Amminoacido – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Amminoacido" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%9F%E3%83%8E%E9%85%B8" title="アミノ酸 – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アミノ酸" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asem_amino" title="Asem amino – javanesisk" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Asem amino" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9F%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ამინომჟავები – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ამინომჟავები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminokislotalar" title="Aminokislotalar – karakalpakisk" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Aminokislotalar" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D2%9B%D1%8B%D1%88%D2%9B%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Аминқышқылдар – kasakhisk" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Аминқышқылдар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakhisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%81" title="អាស៊ីតអាមីនេ – khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="អាស៊ីតអាមីនេ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8A_%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2" title="ಅಮಿನೊ ಆಮ್ಲ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಮಿನೊ ಆಮ್ಲ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%AF%B8%EB%85%B8%EC%82%B0" title="아미노산 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아미노산" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8E%D9%85%D9%8E%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%90%DA%88" title="اَمَینو ایسِڈ – kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="اَمَینو ایسِڈ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/As%C3%AEda_am%C3%AEn%C3%AE" title="Asîda amînî – kurdisk" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Asîda amînî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B_(%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0)" title="Амин кычкылдыктары (аминокислота) – kirgisisk" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Амин кычкылдыктары (аминокислота)" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoacidum" title="Aminoacidum – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Aminoacidum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminosaier" title="Aminosaier – luxembourgsk" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Aminosaier" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxembourgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminozoer" title="Aminozoer – limburgsk" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Aminozoer" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminuacid" title="Aminuacid – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Aminuacid" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminor%C5%ABg%C5%A1tys" title="Aminorūgštys – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Aminorūgštys" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminosk%C4%81bes" title="Aminoskābes – lettisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Aminoskābes" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Аминокиселина – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Аминокиселина" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8B_%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82" title="അമിനോ അമ്ലം – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അമിനോ അമ്ലം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%85%D2%AF%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Амин хүчил – mongolsk" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Амин хүчил" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2" title="अमिनो आम्ल – marathisk" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अमिनो आम्ल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asid_amino" title="Asid amino – malajisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Asid amino" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminozuur" title="Aminozuur – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Aminozuur" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminosyre" title="Aminosyre – nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Aminosyre" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminosyre" title="Aminosyre – bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Aminosyre" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino-aside" title="Amino-aside – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Amino-aside" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoacid" title="Aminoacid – occitansk" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Aminoacid" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoo_Asidii" title="Aminoo Asidii – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Aminoo Asidii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%8B_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC" title="ਅਮੀਨੋ ਤਿਜ਼ਾਬ – punjabisk" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਮੀਨੋ ਤਿਜ਼ਾਬ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminokwasy" title="Aminokwasy – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Aminokwasy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%DA%88" title="امینو ایسڈ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="امینو ایسڈ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AF" title="امينو اسيد – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="امينو اسيد" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino%C3%A1cido" title="Aminoácido – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Aminoácido" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoacid" title="Aminoacid – rumænsk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Aminoacid" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumænsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Аминокислоты – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аминокислоты" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminosivra" title="Aminosivra – nordsamisk" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Aminosivra" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="nordsamisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminokiselina" title="Aminokiselina – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Aminokiselina" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%87%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%9D_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD" title="ඇමයිනෝ අම්ල – singalesisk" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඇමයිනෝ අම්ල" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid" title="Amino acid – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Amino acid" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminokyselina" title="Aminokyselina – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Aminokyselina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminokislina" title="Aminokislina – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Aminokislina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoacidet" title="Aminoacidet – albansk" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Aminoacidet" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Аминокиселина – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Аминокиселина" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminos%C3%BC%C3%BCren" title="Aminosüüren – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Aminosüüren" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asam_amino" title="Asam amino – sundanesisk" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Asam amino" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminosyror" title="Aminosyror – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Aminosyror" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asidi_amino" title="Asidi amino – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Asidi amino" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8B_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="அமினோ அமிலம் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அமினோ அமிலம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8B_%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="ఎమైనో ఆమ్లాలు – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఎమైనో ఆమ్లాలు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BE" title="Аминокислотаҳо – tadsjikisk" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Аминокислотаҳо" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadsjikisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%99" title="กรดอะมิโน – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กรดอะมิโน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asidong_amino" title="Asidong amino – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Asidong amino" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_asit" title="Amino asit – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Amino asit" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Амінокислоти – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Амінокислоти" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%DA%88" title="امینو ایسڈ – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="امینو ایسڈ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminokislotalar" title="Aminokislotalar – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Aminokislotalar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid" title="Amino acid – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Amino acid" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminozuur" title="Aminozuur – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Aminozuur" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoasido" title="Aminoasido – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Aminoasido" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%A8%E5%9F%BA%E9%85%B8" title="氨基酸 – wu-kinesisk" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="氨基酸" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu-kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%90-%D7%96%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%A1" title="אמינא-זייערס – jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אמינא-זייערס" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80w%E1%BB%8Dn_Amino_acid" title="Àwọn Amino acid – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Àwọn Amino acid" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%A8%E5%9F%BA%E9%85%B8" title="氨基酸 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="氨基酸" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%A8%E5%9F%BA%E9%85%B8" title="氨基酸 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="氨基酸" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/An-ki-sng" title="An-ki-sng – min-kinesisk" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="An-ki-sng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min-kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%A8%E5%9F%BA%E9%85%B8" title="氨基酸 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="氨基酸" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8066#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigér sproglinks" class="wbc-editpage">Redigér links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Navnerum"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aminosyre" title="Se indholdssiden [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Aminosyre" rel="discussion" title="Diskussion om indholdet på siden [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" 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</div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Omdirigeret fra <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lysin&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Lysin">Lysin</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="da" dir="ltr"><dl><dd><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Disambig_bordered_fade.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Disambig_bordered_fade.svg/19px-Disambig_bordered_fade.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Disambig_bordered_fade.svg/29px-Disambig_bordered_fade.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Disambig_bordered_fade.svg/38px-Disambig_bordered_fade.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="236" data-file-height="185" /></a></span><i> Denne artikel omhandler klassen af kemiske forrbindelser. For strukturer og egenskaber af de proteinogeniske standardaminosyrer, se <a href="/wiki/Standardaminosyre" title="Standardaminosyre">Standardaminosyre</a>.</i></dd></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Amino_acid2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Amino_acid2.png/220px-Amino_acid2.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Amino_acid2.png 1.5x" data-file-width="265" data-file-height="149" /></a><figcaption>Generel struktur af en aminosyre</figcaption></figure> <p>I <a href="/wiki/Kemi" title="Kemi">kemi</a> er en <b>aminosyre</b> ethvert <a href="/wiki/Molekyle" title="Molekyle">molekyle</a>, som indeholder både en <a href="/wiki/Amingruppe" class="mw-redirect" title="Amingruppe">amingruppe</a> og <a href="/wiki/Carboxylsyre" title="Carboxylsyre">carboxylsyregruppe</a>. </p><p>I <a href="/wiki/Biokemi" title="Biokemi">biokemi</a> bliver den kortere og mere generelle term <i>aminosyre</i> hyppigt anvendt om alfa-aminosyrer. En alfa-aminosyre er en aminosyre hvor <a href="/wiki/Amingruppe" class="mw-redirect" title="Amingruppe">amingruppen</a> og <a href="/wiki/Carboxylsyre" title="Carboxylsyre">carboxylsyregruppen</a> er forbundet til samme <a href="/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon">kulstofatom</a>. Nogle molekyler som <a href="/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin">prolin</a> indeholder ikke en <a href="/wiki/Amingruppe" class="mw-redirect" title="Amingruppe">amingruppe</a> og er derfor ikke kemisk set en aminosyre. Teknisk set er prolin en <i>iminosyre</i>, men bliver også klassificeret som en beta-aminosyre, fordi den har funktionelle ligheder med ægte aminosyrer i <a href="/wiki/Celle_(biologi)" title="Celle (biologi)">celler</a>, blandt andet indgår prolin i peptider. Peptider, hvor der indsættes beta-aminosyrer, kan ikke danne peptid binding til flere aminosyrer, da de mangler amingruppen. </p><p>Aminosyrer der sidder i et peptid eller et protein kaldes aminosyrerester. Når aminosyrer sættes sammen til peptider dannes en såkaldt <a href="/wiki/Peptidbinding" title="Peptidbinding">peptidbinding</a> under fraspaltning af et <a href="/wiki/Vand" title="Vand">vandmolekyle</a>. Af dette vandmolekyles tre atomer stammer et <a href="/wiki/Brint" title="Brint">brintatom</a> fra <a href="/wiki/Amingruppe" class="mw-redirect" title="Amingruppe">amingruppen</a> på en ene aminosyre, mens et brint og et <a href="/wiki/Ilt" title="Ilt">iltatom</a> stammer fra <a href="/wiki/Carboxylsyre" title="Carboxylsyre">carboxylsyregruppen</a> på den anden aminosyre. Der fjernes altså atomer fra aminosyren når den sættes sammen med en anden aminosyre. Det der bliver tilbage kaldes aminosyreresten. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overblik">Overblik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigér afsnit: Overblik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Overblik"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Tablica_aminokiselina.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tablica_aminokiselina.jpg/220px-Tablica_aminokiselina.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tablica_aminokiselina.jpg/330px-Tablica_aminokiselina.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tablica_aminokiselina.jpg/440px-Tablica_aminokiselina.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>De tyve standardaminosyrer i proteiner</figcaption></figure> <p>Aminosyrer er byggestenene til <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">proteiner</a>. Aminosyrer forener sig i en <a href="/wiki/Kondensationsreaktion" title="Kondensationsreaktion">kondensationsreaktion</a>, hvilket afgiver <a href="/wiki/Vand" title="Vand">vand</a> og den nye <a href="/wiki/Aminosyrerest" class="mw-redirect" title="Aminosyrerest">aminosyrerest</a> holdes sammen med de andre med en <a href="/wiki/Peptidbinding" title="Peptidbinding">peptidbinding</a>. Proteiner defineres af deres unikke sekvens af aminosyrerester: denne sekvens er proteinernes <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prim%C3%A6rstruktur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Primærstruktur (ikke skrevet endnu)">primærstruktur</a> og fungerer på samme måde som <a href="/wiki/Alfabet" title="Alfabet">alfabetets</a> <a href="/wiki/Bogstav" title="Bogstav">bogstaver</a>, der sættes sammen til sætninger. </p><p>Tyve <a href="/wiki/Standardaminosyre" title="Standardaminosyre">standardaminosyrer</a> bruges af <a href="/wiki/Celle_(biologi)" title="Celle (biologi)">celler</a> i <a href="/wiki/Proteinsyntese" class="mw-redirect" title="Proteinsyntese">proteinsyntese</a>, og disse er specificeret af en generel <a href="/wiki/Genetisk_kode" title="Genetisk kode">genetisk kode</a>. Disse 20 aminosyrer <a href="/wiki/Biosyntese" title="Biosyntese">biosyntetiseret</a> fra andre molekyler, men organismer afviger i hvilke de kan syntetisere og hvilke de må have tilført gennem diæt. De, der ikke kan syntetiseres i en pågældende organisme, kaldes <i><a href="/wiki/Essentiel_aminosyre" title="Essentiel aminosyre">essentielle aminosyrer</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Funktioner_i_proteiner">Funktioner i proteiner</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigér afsnit: Funktioner i proteiner" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Funktioner i proteiner"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Protein_primary_structure.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Protein_primary_structure.svg/220px-Protein_primary_structure.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Protein_primary_structure.svg/330px-Protein_primary_structure.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Protein_primary_structure.svg/440px-Protein_primary_structure.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="447" data-file-height="274" /></a><figcaption>Et <a href="/wiki/Polypeptid" title="Polypeptid">polypeptid</a> er en kæde af aminosyrer.</figcaption></figure> <p>Aminosyrer er de basale strukturelle byggesten i proteiner. De danner korte <a href="/wiki/Polymer" title="Polymer">polymerkæder</a> kaldet <a href="/wiki/Peptid" title="Peptid">peptider</a> eller længere kæder kaldet enten <a href="/wiki/Polypeptid" title="Polypeptid">polypeptider</a> eller <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">proteiner</a>. En sådan dannelsesproces fra en <a href="/wiki/MRNA" title="MRNA">mRNA</a>-skabelon kendes under navnet <i><a href="/wiki/Translation_(biologi)" title="Translation (biologi)">translation</a></i>, der er en del af <a href="/wiki/Proteinsyntese" class="mw-redirect" title="Proteinsyntese">proteinsyntese</a>. Tyve aminosyrer kodes for af den <a href="/wiki/Genetisk_kode" title="Genetisk kode">genetiske kode</a> og kaldes <a href="/w/index.php?title=Proteinogenisk_animosyre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proteinogenisk animosyre (ikke skrevet endnu)">proteinogeniske aminosyrer</a>. Andre aminosyrer indeholdt i proteiner dannes oftest ved <a href="/wiki/Posttranslationel_modifikation" title="Posttranslationel modifikation">posttranslationel modifikation</a>, hvilket er en række modifikationsprocesser, der sker efter translationen i proteinsyntesen. Disse modifikationer er ofte essentielle for et proteins funktion og regulering. For eksempel tillader <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carboxylering&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carboxylering (ikke skrevet endnu)">carboxyleringen</a> af <a href="/wiki/Glutamat" class="mw-redirect" title="Glutamat">glutamat</a> en bedre binding til <a href="/wiki/Calcium" title="Calcium">calciumcationer</a> og en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydroxylering&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hydroxylering (ikke skrevet endnu)">hydroxylering</a> af <a href="/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin">prolin</a> er kritisk i henhold til at bevare <a href="/wiki/Collagen" class="mw-redirect" title="Collagen">bindevæv</a> og respondere på <a href="/wiki/Hypoxia" class="mw-redirect" title="Hypoxia">oxygenmangel</a>. Sådanne modifikationer kan også bestemme lokaliseringen af proteinet; tilføjelsen af lange hydrofobe grupper kan få proteiner til at binde til <a href="/wiki/Phospholipid" class="mw-redirect" title="Phospholipid">phospholipid</a><a href="/wiki/Membran" title="Membran">membraner</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Generel_struktur">Generel struktur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigér afsnit: Generel struktur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Generel struktur"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="detail"><span><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Uddybende"><img alt="Uddybende" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/15px-Searchtool.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/23px-Searchtool.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/30px-Searchtool.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> <span>Uddybende artikel: <a href="/wiki/Standardaminosyre" title="Standardaminosyre">Standardaminosyre</a></span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:AminoAcidball.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/AminoAcidball.svg/220px-AminoAcidball.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/AminoAcidball.svg/330px-AminoAcidball.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/AminoAcidball.svg/440px-AminoAcidball.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="702" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Generel struktur af en α-aminosyre med <a href="/wiki/Amin" title="Amin">aminogruppen</a> til venstre og <a href="/wiki/Carboxyl" class="mw-redirect" title="Carboxyl">carboxylgruppen</a> til højre.</figcaption></figure> <p>I strukturen vist til højre repræsenterer <b>R</b> en <a href="/wiki/Sidek%C3%A6de" title="Sidekæde">sidekæde</a> specifik for hver enkelt aminosyre. Det centrale <a href="/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon">carbonatom</a>, kaldet C<sub>α</sub>, er et <a href="/wiki/Enantiomer" title="Enantiomer">chiralt</a> center (med undtagelse af <a href="/wiki/Glycin" title="Glycin">glycin</a>) til hvilket de to terminaler samt R-gruppen er påsat. Aminosyrer klassificeres normalt efter sidekædernes <a href="/wiki/Kemisk_egenskab" title="Kemisk egenskab">egenskaber</a> og opdeles således i fire grupper: Sidekæden kan opføre sig som en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Svag_base&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Svag base (ikke skrevet endnu)">svag base</a>, en <a href="/wiki/Svag_syre" title="Svag syre">svag syre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hydrofil" title="Hydrofil">hydrofil</a>, hvis den er <a href="/wiki/Kemisk_polaritet" title="Kemisk polaritet">polær</a>, og <a href="/wiki/Hydrofob" title="Hydrofob">hydrofob</a>, hvis den er upolær. De forskellige aminosyrers (og deres sidekæders) egenskaber er listet i artiklen <a href="/wiki/Standardaminosyre" title="Standardaminosyre">Standardaminosyre</a>. </p><p>Frasen <a href="/wiki/BCAA" title="BCAA">"branched-chain amino acids" eller BCAA</a> bruges nogle gange til at beskrive aminosyrer med <a href="/wiki/Alifatisk_forbindelse" title="Alifatisk forbindelse">alifatiske</a> sidekæder, der ikke er lineære. Disse er <a href="/wiki/Leucin" title="Leucin">leucin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isoleucin" title="Isoleucin">isoleucin</a> og <a href="/wiki/Valin" title="Valin">valin</a>. <a href="/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin">Prolin</a> er den eneste proteinogene aminosyre, hvis sidekæde er bundet til α-amingruppen og dermed også den eneste, der indeholder en sekundær amin på den position. Prolin er nogle gange blevet defineret som en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iminosyre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iminosyre (ikke skrevet endnu)">iminosyre</a>, men dette er ikke korrekt i den nuværende nomenklatur.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:D%2BL-Alanine.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/D%2BL-Alanine.gif/220px-D%2BL-Alanine.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/D%2BL-Alanine.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="316" data-file-height="155" /></a><figcaption>To optiske isomerer af alanin.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Isomeri">Isomeri</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigér afsnit: Isomeri" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Isomeri"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De fleste aminosyrer kan eksistere i to <a href="/wiki/Optisk_isomeri" title="Optisk isomeri">optiske isomerer</a> betegnet <small>D</small> og <small>L</small>. <small>L</small>-aminosyrerne repræsenterer majoriteten af de i proteiner tilstedeværende aminosyrer. <small>D</small>-aminosyrer findes i nogle proteiner produceret af eksotiske havorganismer såsom <a href="/w/index.php?title=Keglesnegl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keglesnegl (ikke skrevet endnu)">keglesnegle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bakterie" class="mw-redirect" title="Bakterie">Bakteriers</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peptidoglucan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peptidoglucan (ikke skrevet endnu)">peptidoglucan</a><a href="/wiki/Cellev%C3%A6g" title="Cellevæg">cellevægge</a> er også rige på <small>D</small>-aminosyrer.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><small>L</small>- og <small>D</small>-konventionerne for aminosyrekonfigurationer refererer ikke til den optiske aktivitet for selve aminosyren, men snarere til den optiske aktivitet for den pågældende isomer af <a href="/w/index.php?title=Glyceraldehyd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glyceraldehyd (ikke skrevet endnu)">glyceraldehyd</a>, som har en lignende stereokemi. <i>S</i>-glyceraldehyd er venstredrejende og <i>R</i>-glyceraldehyd er højredrejende, og således kaldes <i>S</i>-aminosyrer <small>L</small>-aminosyrer selv om de ikke er venstredrejende og <i>R</i>-aminosyrer kaldes ligeledes <small>D</small>-aminosyrer selv om de ikke er højredrejende. </p><p>Der er to undtagelser til disse generelle regler for aminosyreisomeri: <a href="/wiki/Glycin" title="Glycin">Glycin</a>, hvor R = H, har ingen isomere former, da alfa-carbonet bærer to identiske grupper (hydrogen); og <a href="/wiki/Cystein" title="Cystein">cystein</a> hvor <small>L</small> = <i>S</i> og <small>D</small> = <i>R</i> byttes om til <small>L</small> = <i>R</i> og <small>D</small> = <i>S</i>. Cystein er struktureret i lighed med de andre aminosyrer (med hensyn til glyceraldehyd), men <a href="/wiki/Svovl" title="Svovl">svovlatomet</a> alternerer fortolkningen af <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cahn-Ingold-Prelog-prioritetsregel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cahn-Ingold-Prelog-prioritetsregel (ikke skrevet endnu)">Cahn-Ingold-Prelog-prioritetsregelen</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reaktioner">Reaktioner</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigér afsnit: Reaktioner" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Reaktioner"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Da aminosyrer har både en primær <a href="/wiki/Amin" title="Amin">aminogruppe</a> og en primær <a href="/wiki/Carboxyl" class="mw-redirect" title="Carboxyl">carboxylgruppe</a> kan de indgå i de fleste reaktioner associeret med disse <a href="/wiki/Funktionel_gruppe" title="Funktionel gruppe">funktionelle grupper</a>. Reaktionstyperne indbefatter <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nukleofil_addition&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nukleofil addition (ikke skrevet endnu)">nukleofil addition</a>, dannelse af en <a href="/wiki/Amid_(funktionel_gruppe)" title="Amid (funktionel gruppe)">amidbinding</a> og dannelse af en <a href="/wiki/Imin" title="Imin">imin</a> for amingruppen og <a href="/wiki/Ester_(kemi)" title="Ester (kemi)">forestring</a>, dannelse af en <a href="/wiki/Amid_(funktionel_gruppe)" title="Amid (funktionel gruppe)">amidbinding</a> samt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Decarboxylering&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Decarboxylering (ikke skrevet endnu)">decarboxylering</a> for carboxylsyregruppen. Aminosyrers sidekæder kan også indgå i reaktioner. Typen af reaktion er bestemt af kædernes funktionelle grupper og beskrives således i artikler for de enkelte aminosyrer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dannelse_af_peptidbinding">Dannelse af peptidbinding</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigér afsnit: Dannelse af peptidbinding" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Dannelse af peptidbinding"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Peptidformationball.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Peptidformationball.svg/220px-Peptidformationball.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Peptidformationball.svg/330px-Peptidformationball.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Peptidformationball.svg/440px-Peptidformationball.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="820" /></a><figcaption>Kondensationen af to aminosyrer ved dannelsen af en <a href="/wiki/Peptidbinding" title="Peptidbinding">peptidbinding</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Et aminosyremolekyle kan reagere med et andet og danne en amidbinding, da både amino- og carboxylsyregruppen er i stand til dette. Denne <a href="/wiki/Polymerisering" class="mw-redirect" title="Polymerisering">polymerisering</a> af aminosyrer skaber proteiner. Denne <a href="/wiki/Kondensationsreaktion" title="Kondensationsreaktion">kondensationsreaktion</a> giver en nydannet <a href="/wiki/Peptidbinding" title="Peptidbinding">peptidbinding</a> samt et <a href="/wiki/Vand" title="Vand">vandmolekyle</a>. I celler foregår denne reaktion ikke direkte. I stedet aktiveres aminosyren først ved sammenkobling med et <a href="/wiki/TRNA" title="TRNA">tRNAmolekyle</a> med en <a href="/wiki/Ester_(kemi)" title="Ester (kemi)">esterbinding</a>. Denne aminoacyl-tRNA produceres i en <a href="/wiki/Adenosintrifosfat" title="Adenosintrifosfat">ATP</a>-afhængig reaktion foretaget af en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminoacyl-tRNA-syntetase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aminoacyl-tRNA-syntetase (ikke skrevet endnu)">aminoacyl-tRNA-syntetase</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Denne aminoacyl-tRNA optræder dernæst som substrat for <a href="/wiki/Ribosom" title="Ribosom">ribosomet</a>, som katalyserer den elongerende proteinkædes aminogruppes angreb på på esterbindingen.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Som resultat af denne mekanisme er alle proteiner, der laves af ribosomer, syntetiseret med N-terminalen som begyndelsespunkt, hvormed C-terminalen bevæger sig stødt væk. </p><p>Alle peptidbindinger dannes dog ikke på samme måde. I nogle få tilfælde syntetiseres peptider af specifikke enzymer. For eksempel bliver tripeptidet <a href="/w/index.php?title=Glytathion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glytathion (ikke skrevet endnu)">glytathion</a>, der er en essentiel del af cellers forsvar mod oxidativt pres, syntetiseret i to etaper fra frie aminosyrer.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> I første etape kondenserer <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamma-glutamylcysteinsyntetase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gamma-glutamylcysteinsyntetase (ikke skrevet endnu)">gamma-glutamylcysteinsyntetase</a> <a href="/wiki/Cystein" title="Cystein">cystein</a> og <a href="/wiki/Glutaminsyre" title="Glutaminsyre">glutaminsyre</a> gennem en peptidbinding dannet mellem sidekædecarboxylgruppen af glutamat (dens sidekædes gamma-carbon) og cysteins amingruppe. Dette dipeptid kondenseres med <a href="/wiki/Glycin" title="Glycin">glycin</a> af <a href="/w/index.php?title=Glutathionsyntetase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glutathionsyntetase (ikke skrevet endnu)">glutathionsyntetase</a> til dannelsen af glutathion.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>I kemi syntetiseres peptider ved en række af reaktioner. En af de mest brugte er den såkaldte faststadie peptidsyntese, hvor der bruges aromatiske <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxim (ikke skrevet endnu)">oximderivater</a> af aminosyrer som aktiverede enheder. Disse tilføjes i sekvens til den voksende polypeptidkæde, som er fastgjort til en fast <a href="/wiki/Harpiks" title="Harpiks">harpiksbase</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Amino_acids_1.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Aminosyrer"><img alt="Aminosyrer" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/82/Amino_acids_1.png" decoding="async" width="696" height="184" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="696" data-file-height="184" /></a></span><br /> 1. aminosyre; 2, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zwitterion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zwitterion (ikke skrevet endnu)">zwitterion</a> struktur; 3, to aminosyrer som sidder sammen via en peptidbinding (den fede streg). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hydrofile_og_hydrofobe_aminosyrer">Hydrofile og hydrofobe aminosyrer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redigér afsnit: Hydrofile og hydrofobe aminosyrer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Hydrofile og hydrofobe aminosyrer"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Afhængig af <a href="/wiki/Pol%C3%A6rt_molekyle" class="mw-redirect" title="Polært molekyle">polariteten</a> af en aminosyres sidekæde er deres <a href="/wiki/Hydrofil" title="Hydrofil">hydrofile</a> eller <a href="/wiki/Hydrofob" title="Hydrofob">hydrofobe</a> karakter. Disse egenskaber er vigtige i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Proteinstruktur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proteinstruktur (ikke skrevet endnu)">proteinstrukturer</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Protein-protein-interaktion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protein-protein-interaktion (ikke skrevet endnu)">protein-protein-interaktioner</a>. Vigtigheden af sidekædernes fysiske egenskaber illustreres ved de enkelte aminosyreresters interaktion med andre strukturer – både inden for det enkelte protein og mellem proteiner. Distributionen af hydrofile og hydrofobe aminosyrer bestemmer den <a href="/w/index.php?title=Terti%C3%A6r_struktur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tertiær struktur (ikke skrevet endnu)">tertiære struktur</a> af et protein og deres fysiske placering på ydersiden af hver peptidkæde bestemmer den <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvartern%C3%A6re_struktur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kvarternære struktur (ikke skrevet endnu)">kvarternære struktur</a>. For eksempel har opløselige proteiner overflader, der er rige på polære aminosyrer såsom <a href="/wiki/Serin" title="Serin">serin</a> og <a href="/wiki/Threonin" title="Threonin">threonin</a>, mens <a href="/w/index.php?title=Integreret_membranprotein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Integreret membranprotein (ikke skrevet endnu)">integrerede membranproteiner</a> ofte har en ydre ring af hydrofobe aminosyrer, der hæfter dem til <a href="/wiki/Lipiddobbeltlag" class="mw-redirect" title="Lipiddobbeltlag">lipiddobbeltlaget</a>, og proteiner ankret til membranen har en hydrofob ende, der sidder fast i membranen. Ligeledes har proteiner, der skal binde til positivt ladede molekyler, overflader, der i høj grad består af negativt ladede aminosyrer som <a href="/wiki/Glutamat" class="mw-redirect" title="Glutamat">glutamat</a> og <a href="/wiki/Aspartat" class="mw-redirect" title="Aspartat">aspartat</a>, mens proteiner, der binder til negativt ladede molekyler, ofte har en overflade, der er rig på <a href="/wiki/Lysin" class="mw-redirect" title="Lysin">lysin</a> og <a href="/wiki/Arginin" title="Arginin">arginin</a>, som er positivt ladede. For nylig er en skala for polaritet baseret på fri energi for hydrofob interaktion blevet taget i brug.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Proteiners hydrofile og hydrofobe interaktioner behøver ikke udelukkende at afhænge af aminosyrernes sidekæder. Ved forskellige <a href="/wiki/Posttranslationel_modifikation" title="Posttranslationel modifikation">posttranslationelle modifikationer</a> kan andre kæder føjes til proteinerne og danne hydrofobe <a href="/wiki/Lipoprotein" title="Lipoprotein">lipoproteiner</a> eller hydrofile <a href="/wiki/Glycoprotein" class="mw-redirect" title="Glycoprotein">glycoproteiner</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tabel_over_standardaminosyrer,_forkortelser_og_sidekædeegenskaber"><span id="Tabel_over_standardaminosyrer.2C_forkortelser_og_sidek.C3.A6deegenskaber"></span>Tabel over standardaminosyrer, forkortelser og sidekædeegenskaber</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Redigér afsnit: Tabel over standardaminosyrer, forkortelser og sidekædeegenskaber" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Tabel over standardaminosyrer, forkortelser og sidekædeegenskaber"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="detail"><span><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Nuvola_apps_download_manager2-70%25.svg/15px-Nuvola_apps_download_manager2-70%25.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Nuvola_apps_download_manager2-70%25.svg/23px-Nuvola_apps_download_manager2-70%25.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Nuvola_apps_download_manager2-70%25.svg/30px-Nuvola_apps_download_manager2-70%25.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></span></span> <span>Hovedartikel: <a href="/wiki/Standardaminosyre" title="Standardaminosyre">Standardaminosyre</a>.</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Aminosyre </th> <th>3-bogstav </th> <th>1-bogstav </th> <th>Sidekædepolaritet </th> <th>Basisk eller sur sidekæde </th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydropatiindeks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hydropatiindeks (ikke skrevet endnu)">Hydropatiindeks</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Alanin" title="Alanin">Alanin</a> </td> <td>Ala </td> <td>A </td> <td>upolær </td> <td>neutral </td> <td>1,8 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Arginin" title="Arginin">Arginin</a> </td> <td>Arg </td> <td>R </td> <td>polær </td> <td>basisk (kraftigt) </td> <td>-4,5 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Asparagin" title="Asparagin">Asparagin</a> </td> <td>Asn </td> <td>N </td> <td>polær </td> <td>neutral </td> <td>-3,5 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Asparaginsyre" class="mw-redirect" title="Asparaginsyre">Asparaginsyre</a> </td> <td>Asp </td> <td>D </td> <td>polær </td> <td>sur </td> <td>-3,5 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Cystein" title="Cystein">Cystein</a> </td> <td>Cys </td> <td>C </td> <td>polær </td> <td>neutral </td> <td>2,5 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Glutaminsyre" title="Glutaminsyre">Glutaminsyre</a> </td> <td>Glu </td> <td>E </td> <td>polær </td> <td>sur </td> <td>-3,5 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Glutamin" title="Glutamin">Glutamin</a> </td> <td>Gln </td> <td>Q </td> <td>polær </td> <td>neutral </td> <td>-3,5 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Glycin" title="Glycin">Glycin</a> </td> <td>Gly </td> <td>G </td> <td>upolær </td> <td>neutral </td> <td>-0,4 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Histidin" title="Histidin">Histidin</a> </td> <td>His </td> <td>H </td> <td>polær </td> <td>basisk (svagt) </td> <td>-3,2 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Isoleucin" title="Isoleucin">Isoleucin</a> </td> <td>Ile </td> <td>I </td> <td>upolær </td> <td>neutral </td> <td>4,5 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Leucin" title="Leucin">Leucin</a> </td> <td>Leu </td> <td>L </td> <td>upolær </td> <td>neutral </td> <td>4,8 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Lysin" class="mw-redirect" title="Lysin">Lysin</a> </td> <td>Lys </td> <td>K </td> <td>polær </td> <td>basisk </td> <td>-3,9 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Methionin" title="Methionin">Methionin</a> </td> <td>Met </td> <td>M </td> <td>upolær </td> <td>neutral </td> <td>1,9 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Fenylalanin" title="Fenylalanin">Fenylalanin</a> </td> <td>Phe </td> <td>F </td> <td>upolær </td> <td>neutral </td> <td>2,8 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin">Prolin</a> </td> <td>Pro </td> <td>P </td> <td>upolær </td> <td>neutral </td> <td>-1,6 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Serin" title="Serin">Serin</a> </td> <td>Ser </td> <td>S </td> <td>polær </td> <td>neutral </td> <td>-0,8 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Threonin" title="Threonin">Threonin</a> </td> <td>Thr </td> <td>T </td> <td>polær </td> <td>neutral </td> <td>-0,7 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Tryptofan" class="mw-redirect" title="Tryptofan">Tryptofan</a> </td> <td>Trp </td> <td>W </td> <td>upolær </td> <td>neutral </td> <td>-0,9 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Tyrosin" title="Tyrosin">Tyrosin</a> </td> <td>Tyr </td> <td>Y </td> <td>polær </td> <td>neutral </td> <td>-1,3 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Valin" title="Valin">Valin</a> </td> <td>Val </td> <td>V </td> <td>upolær </td> <td>neutral </td> <td>4,2 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Udover de normale aminosyreforkortelser, er der historisk blevet brugt nogle andre i tilfælde, hvor <a href="/w/index.php?title=Proteinsekventering&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proteinsekventering (ikke skrevet endnu)">proteinsekventering</a> eller <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%B8ntgenkrystallografi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Røntgenkrystallografi (ikke skrevet endnu)">røntgenkrystallografiske</a> analyser af et peptid eller protein ikke har kunnet etablere identiteten af en bestemt aminosyrerest fuldstændigt. Dem, de ikke kunne skelne imellem, er de følgende par af aminosyrer: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Flertydig aminosyre </th> <th>3-bogstav </th> <th>1-bogstav </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Asparagin eller asparaginsyre </td> <td>Asx </td> <td>B </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Glutamin eller glutaminsyre </td> <td>Glx </td> <td>Z </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Leucin eller isoleucin </td> <td>Xle </td> <td>J </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Uspecificeret eller ukendt aminosyre </td> <td>Xaa </td> <td>X </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Unk</b> bruges nogle gange i stedet for <b>Xaa</b>, men er mindre standardiseret. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ikke-standardaminosyrer">Ikke-standardaminosyrer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Redigér afsnit: Ikke-standardaminosyrer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Ikke-standardaminosyrer"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:L-selenocysteine-2D-skeletal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/L-selenocysteine-2D-skeletal.png/220px-L-selenocysteine-2D-skeletal.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/L-selenocysteine-2D-skeletal.png/330px-L-selenocysteine-2D-skeletal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/L-selenocysteine-2D-skeletal.png/440px-L-selenocysteine-2D-skeletal.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="928" /></a><figcaption>Aminosyren <a href="/wiki/Selenocystein" title="Selenocystein">selenocystein</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Udover de tyve standardaminosyrer er der en umådelig række af "ikke-standard"-aminosyrer. To af disse kan specificeres ved den genetiske kode, men er dog sjældne i proteiner. <a href="/wiki/Selenocystein" title="Selenocystein">Selenocystein</a> indsættes i nogle proteiner som følge af UGA-<a href="/wiki/Codon" title="Codon">codon</a>, hvilket normalt er et stop-codon.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pyrrolysin" title="Pyrrolysin">Pyrrolysin</a> bruges af nogle <a href="/w/index.php?title=Methanogen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Methanogen (ikke skrevet endnu)">methanogeniske</a> <a href="/wiki/Archaea" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaea">archaea</a> i <a href="/wiki/Enzym" title="Enzym">enzymer</a>, som disse bruger til at producere <a href="/wiki/Methan" class="mw-redirect" title="Methan">methan</a>. Det kodes for med codonet UAG.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eksempler på ikke-standardaminosurer, der ikke findes i proteiner inkluderer <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lanthionin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lanthionin (ikke skrevet endnu)">lanthionin</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=2-aminoisobutansyre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2-aminoisobutansyre (ikke skrevet endnu)">2-aminoisobutansyre</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dehydroalanin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dehydroalanin (ikke skrevet endnu)">dehydroalanin</a> og neurotransmitteren <a href="/wiki/Gamma-aminobutansyre" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamma-aminobutansyre">gamma-aminobutansyre</a>. Ikke-standardaminosyrer optræder ofter som intermediater i <a href="/wiki/Stofskiftevej" title="Stofskiftevej">stofskifteveje</a> for standardaminosyrer – for eksempel forekommer <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ornitin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ornitin (ikke skrevet endnu)">ornitin</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Citrullin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Citrullin (ikke skrevet endnu)">citrullin</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ureacyklus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ureacyklus (ikke skrevet endnu)">ureacyklen</a> (en del af aminosyre<a href="/wiki/Katabolisme" title="Katabolisme">katabolismen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ikke-standardaminosyrer dannes normalt ved modifikationer af standardaminosyrer. For eksempel dannes <a href="/w/index.php?title=Homocystein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Homocystein (ikke skrevet endnu)">homocystein</a> ved transsulfurering af <a href="/wiki/Cystein" title="Cystein">cystein</a> eller ved demethylering af <a href="/wiki/Methionin" title="Methionin">methionin</a> via det metabolske intermediat <a href="/w/index.php?title=S-Adenosylmethionin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="S-Adenosylmethionin (ikke skrevet endnu)">S-Adenosylmethionin</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mens dopamin syntetiseres fra l-DOPA, og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydroxyprolin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hydroxyprolin (ikke skrevet endnu)">hydroxyprolin</a> laves under den <a href="/wiki/Posttranslationel_modifikation" title="Posttranslationel modifikation">posttranslationelle modifikation</a> af <a href="/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin">prolin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ernæringsmæssig_relevans"><span id="Ern.C3.A6ringsm.C3.A6ssig_relevans"></span>Ernæringsmæssig relevans</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Redigér afsnit: Ernæringsmæssig relevans" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Ernæringsmæssig relevans"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="detail"><span><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Uddybende"><img alt="Uddybende" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/15px-Searchtool.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/23px-Searchtool.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/30px-Searchtool.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> <span>Uddybende artikel: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Protein_i_ern%C3%A6ring&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protein i ernæring (ikke skrevet endnu)">Protein i ernæring</a></span></span></div> <p>Af de 20 standardaminosyrer er 8 <a href="/wiki/Essentiel_aminosyre" title="Essentiel aminosyre">essentielle aminosyrer</a>, idet menneske<a href="/wiki/Kroppen" class="mw-redirect" title="Kroppen">kroppen</a> ikke selv kan syntetisere dem fra andre <a href="/wiki/Kemisk_forbindelse" title="Kemisk forbindelse">stoffer</a> i den mængde, der er nødvendig for normal vækst, så de må indtages med føden.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Situationen er dog mere kompliceret, eftersom <a href="/wiki/Cystein" title="Cystein">cystein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tyrosin" title="Tyrosin">tyrosin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Histidin" title="Histidin">histidin</a> og <a href="/wiki/Arginin" title="Arginin">arginin</a> er essentielle hos børn, fordi de metabolske processer, der syntetiserer disse aminosyrer ikke er fuldt udviklede.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Den mængde der kræves afhænger også af alder og helbred for den enkelte, så det er svært at generalisere omkring diætens anbefalede indhold af visse aminosyrer. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Essentiel </th> <th>Ikke-essentiel </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Isoleucin" title="Isoleucin">Isoleucin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alanin" title="Alanin">Alanin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Leucin" title="Leucin">Leucin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asparagin" title="Asparagin">Asparagin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lysin" class="mw-redirect" title="Lysin">Lysin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aspartat" class="mw-redirect" title="Aspartat">Aspartat</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Methionin" title="Methionin">Methionin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cystein" title="Cystein">Cystein</a>* </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fenylalanin" title="Fenylalanin">Fenylalanin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Glutamat" class="mw-redirect" title="Glutamat">Glutamat</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Threonin" title="Threonin">Threonin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Glutamin" title="Glutamin">Glutamin</a>* </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tryptofan" class="mw-redirect" title="Tryptofan">Tryptofan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Glycin" title="Glycin">Glycin</a>* </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Valin" title="Valin">Valin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin">Prolin</a>* </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Arginin" title="Arginin">Arginin</a>* </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Serin" title="Serin">Serin</a>* </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Histidin" title="Histidin">Histidin</a>* </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tyrosin" title="Tyrosin">Tyrosin</a>* </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>(*) Kun essentiel i visse tilfælde.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_også"><span id="Se_ogs.C3.A5"></span>Se også</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Redigér afsnit: Se også" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Se også"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miller-Urey-eksperimentet" title="Miller-Urey-eksperimentet">Miller-Urey-eksperimentet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BCAA" title="BCAA">BCAA = branched chain amino acids, forgrenede aminosyrer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuropeptid" title="Neuropeptid">Neuropeptid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strukturel_gruppering" title="Strukturel gruppering">Strukturel gruppering</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencer">Referencer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Redigér afsnit: Referencer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Referencer"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r11780210">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Claude Liebecq (Ed) <i>Biochemical Nomenclature and Related Documents</i>, 2nd edition, Portland Press, 1992, pages 39-69 <a href="/wiki/Internationalt_Standardbognummer" title="Internationalt Standardbognummer">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciel:ISBN-s%C3%B8gning/978-1-85578-005-7" title="Speciel:ISBN-søgning/978-1-85578-005-7">978-1-85578-005-7</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r11752076">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFPisarewicz_K,_Mora_D,_Pflueger_F,_Fields_G,_Marí_F2005" class="citation journal cs1">Pisarewicz K, Mora D, Pflueger F, Fields G, Marí F (2005). 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Nutr</i>. <b>134</b> (6 Suppl): 1558S-1565S. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15173430">15173430</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+Nutr.&rft.atitle=What+are+the+essential+elements+needed+for+the+determination+of+amino+acid+requirements+in+humans%3F&rft.volume=134&rft.issue=6+Suppl&rft.pages=1558S-1565S&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15173430&rft.au=F%C3%BCrst+P%2C+Stehle+P&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjn.nutrition.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Ffull%2F134%2F6%2F1558S&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fda.wikipedia.org%3AAminosyre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r11752076"><cite id="CITEREFReeds_PJ2000" class="citation journal cs1">Reeds PJ (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/7/1835S">"Dispensable and indispensable amino acids for humans"</a>. <i>J. Nutr</i>. <b>130</b> (7): 1835S-40S. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10867060">10867060</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+Nutr.&rft.atitle=Dispensable+and+indispensable+amino+acids+for+humans&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=1835S-40S&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10867060&rft.au=Reeds+PJ&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjn.nutrition.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Ffull%2F130%2F7%2F1835S&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fda.wikipedia.org%3AAminosyre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_henvisninger">Eksterne henvisninger</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Redigér afsnit: Eksterne henvisninger" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aminosyre&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne henvisninger"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><div class="plainlinks" style="display:inline;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/11px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/17px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/22px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> har flere filer relateret til <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Amino_acids" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Amino acids">Aminosyre</a></b> </div></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://studielivsstil.dk/res/amino.pdf">Lær de 20 aminosyrer udenad.</a><small> (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikler_med_d%C3%B8de_eksterne_henvisninger" title="Wikipedia:Artikler med døde eksterne henvisninger">Webside ikke længere tilgængelig</a>)</small></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biosite.dk/leksikon/leksikon.htm">BioSite. Biokemisk leksikon.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bric.postech.ac.kr/science/97now/02_5now/020524c.html">New Amino Acid Debuts</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.news.bodylab.dk/artikler/348-bcaa-forgrenede-aminosyrer">De forgrenede aminosyrer og muskelvækst</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://videnskab.dk/krop-sundhed/aminosyrer-i-nodder-fjerner-fedme-og-diabetes">Aminosyre i nødder fjerner fedme og diabetes. Videnskab.dk</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newswise.com/articles/2002/5/AMINO.UUT.html">Newswise: 22nd Amino Acid Discovered: Comment from U of Utah</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030402072756/http://www.newswise.com/articles/2002/5/AMINO.UUT.html">Arkiveret</a> 2. april 2003 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Citat: "...Gesteland said discovery of the 22nd genetically encoded amino acid raises the bigger question of how life's genetic code is reprogrammed to do new things, and also suggests "there may be other surprises out there. Are there yet other amino acids?"..."</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r11759279">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Standardaminosyrer" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:pink;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r11759279"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r11746895">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-vis"><a href="/wiki/Skabelon:Aminosyrer" title="Skabelon:Aminosyrer"><abbr title="Se denne skabelon" style=";background-color:pink;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskussion"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skabelondiskussion:Aminosyrer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skabelondiskussion:Aminosyrer (ikke skrevet endnu)"><abbr title="Diskuter denne skabelon" style=";background-color:pink;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-rediger"><a href="/wiki/Speciel:EditPage/Skabelon:Aminosyrer" title="Speciel:EditPage/Skabelon:Aminosyrer"><abbr title="Rediger denne skabelon" style=";background-color:pink;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">r</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Standardaminosyrer" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Standardaminosyre" title="Standardaminosyre">Standard</a><a class="mw-selflink selflink">aminosyrer</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alanin" title="Alanin">Alanin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arginin" title="Arginin">Arginin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asparagin" title="Asparagin">Asparagin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspartat" class="mw-redirect" title="Aspartat">Aspartat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cystein" title="Cystein">Cystein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glutamat" class="mw-redirect" title="Glutamat">Glutamat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glutamin" title="Glutamin">Glutamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glycin" title="Glycin">Glycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Histidin" title="Histidin">Histidin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoleucin" title="Isoleucin">Isoleucin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leucin" title="Leucin">Leucin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lysin" class="mw-redirect" title="Lysin">Lysin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methionin" title="Methionin">Methionin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenylalanin" title="Fenylalanin">Fenylalanin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prolin" title="Prolin">Prolin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serin" title="Serin">Serin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Threonin" title="Threonin">Threonin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tryptophan" title="Tryptophan">Tryptophan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyrosin" title="Tyrosin">Tyrosin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valin" title="Valin">Valin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r11759279"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r11752089"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Autoritetsdata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Autoritetsdata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Autoritetsdata" title="Autoritetsdata">Autoritetsdata</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85004486">sh85004486</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4142205-3">4142205-3</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11944322s">cb11944322s</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11944322s">(data)</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationale_parlamentsbibliotek" title="Nationale parlamentsbibliotek">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00560236">00560236</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tjekkisk_nationalbibliotek" title="Tjekkisk nationalbibliotek">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph117172&CON_LNG=ENG">ph117172</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Den_Store_Danske_Encyklop%C3%A6di" title="Den Store Danske Encyklopædi">DSD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//denstoredanske.lex.dk/aminosyrer">aminosyrer</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Hentet fra "<a 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