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href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Preston" title="Paul Preston – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Paul Preston" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Preston" title="Paul Preston – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Paul Preston" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD" title="Πολ Πρέστον – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πολ Πρέστον" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Preston" title="Paul Preston – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Paul Preston" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%84_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="پال پرستون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پال پرستون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Preston" title="Paul Preston – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Paul Preston" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Preston" title="Paul Preston – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Paul Preston" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Preston" title="Paul Preston – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Paul Preston" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Preston" title="Paul Preston – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Paul Preston" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="پول برستون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="پول برستون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD,_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Престон, Пол – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Престон, Пол" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Preston" title="Paul Preston – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Paul Preston" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E7%BD%97%C2%B7%E6%99%AE%E9%9B%B7%E6%96%AF%E9%A1%BF" title="保罗·普雷斯顿 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="保罗·普雷斯顿" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q898722#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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.infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Sir" title="Sir">Sir</a></div><div class="fn">Paul Preston</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Order of the British Empire">CBE</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_Preston_MHC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Paul_Preston_MHC.jpg/220px-Paul_Preston_MHC.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Paul_Preston_MHC.jpg/330px-Paul_Preston_MHC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Paul_Preston_MHC.jpg/440px-Paul_Preston_MHC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="3008" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Preston in 2004</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1946-06-21</span>) </span>21 June 1946<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 78)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a>, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Gabriella</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Academic work</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Discipline</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/History" title="History">History</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Economics" title="London School of Economics">London School of Economics</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Sir Paul Preston</b> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Order of the British Empire">CBE</a> (born 21 July 1946) is an English historian and <a href="/wiki/Hispanist" class="mw-redirect" title="Hispanist">Hispanist</a>, biographer of <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Franco" title="Francisco Franco">Francisco Franco</a>, and specialist in Spanish history, in particular the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a>, which he has studied for more than 50 years. He is the winner of multiple awards for his books on the Spanish Civil War.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Preston&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Preston was born in 1946 in <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a>. Preston said in an interview that he has sympathy for the <a href="/wiki/Second_Spanish_Republic" title="Second Spanish Republic">Second Spanish Republic</a>: "I came from a fairly left-wing family. You could not really be from working-class Liverpool and not be left-wing. Emotionally, in my feeling for the Republic I think there is an element of indignation about the Republic's defeat, solidarity with the losing side. Maybe that's why I support <a href="/wiki/Everton_F.C." title="Everton F.C.">Everton</a>, although Everton wasn't the losing side in my day."<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Preston studied for his undergraduate degree at Oriel College, Oxford. He then gained an MA in European Studies at the University of Reading. He moved back to Oriel College to gain his DPhil.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1991 to 2020 Preston taught at the <a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Economics" title="London School of Economics">London School of Economics</a>, where he was Príncipe de Asturias Professor of Contemporary Spanish Studies and the founding director of the Cañada Blanch Centre for Contemporary Spanish Studies. </p><p>He is a frequent visitor to Spain, where his work appears in Spanish and <a href="/wiki/Catalan_language" title="Catalan language">Catalan</a>. He speaks both languages.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He has a wife, Gabriella, to whom he dedicated <i>The Spanish Holocaust: Inquisition and Extermination in Twentieth-Century Spain</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Preston&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>"I try to be honest, even if the right-wing press paints me as an amateur and a liar."</i> (2021)<sup id="cite_ref-english_elpais_com_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-english_elpais_com-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Preston has produced a <a href="/wiki/Biography" title="Biography">biography</a> of Franco (Basic Books, 1994). He has also published a biography of <a href="/wiki/King_Juan_Carlos_I" class="mw-redirect" title="King Juan Carlos I">King Juan Carlos I</a> (2003). Recent books include <i>We Saw Spain Die</i>, on the subject of foreign correspondents who reported on the Spanish Civil War and <i>Perfidious Albion: Britain and the Spanish Civil War</i>, a collection of essays exploring "the hypocrisy of British foreign policy towards the Spanish Republic, in contrast to the selfless contribution of medical personnel from across the globe, including many doctors and nurses from Britain, Ireland and Commonwealth countries, and assessing the influence of prominent ‘writer-historians’ including <a href="/wiki/George_Orwell" title="George Orwell">George Orwell</a> and <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Southworth" title="Herbert Southworth">Herbert Southworth</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Spanish_Holocaust">The Spanish Holocaust</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Preston&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: The Spanish Holocaust"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2012 he published the English edition of the <i>Spanish Holocaust</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This book represents a challenge to the <a href="/wiki/Pact_of_forgetting" class="mw-redirect" title="Pact of forgetting">pact of forgetting</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Telegraph_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Telegraph-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> examining the many deaths and atrocities associated with the Spanish Civil War, and following the Francoist repression into the early 1950s.<sup id="cite_ref-review_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-review-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The book was criticised by the historian <a href="/wiki/Stanley_G._Payne" title="Stanley G. Payne">Stanley G. Payne</a>; while Payne did praise Preston for his depth and breadth of research into atrocities in and after the war, he criticised Preston for bias when it came to Republican atrocities. Payne argues that Franco's policy was to simply eliminate the leaders and main activists of the Republicans while letting most of the rank and file go free.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the same time the book received praise among academics and journalists, with Giles Tremlett writing in the Guardian: "Preston provides facts, figures and harrowing descriptions in the first full and proper attempt to explain the horror. He does not shy away from strong words – 'holocaust' is deliberately chosen to describe the extent of cold-blooded killing [...] because its resonances with systematic murder should be evoked in the Spanish case, as they are in those of Germany or Russia".“<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Architects_of_Terror">Architects of Terror</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Preston&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Architects of Terror"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2023, he published <i>Architects of Terror: Paranoia, Conspiracy and Anti-Semitism in Franco’s Spain</i>, in which he examined the conspiracy theories and antisemitism behind the rise of Francoism.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-english_elpais_com_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-english_elpais_com-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The book included profiles of six figures within the Francoist camp: <a href="/wiki/Emilio_Mola" title="Emilio Mola">Emilio Mola</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Queipo_de_Llano" title="Gonzalo Queipo de Llano">Gonzalo Queipo de Llano</a>, Mauricio Carlavilla, <a href="/wiki/Juan_Tusquets_Terrats" title="Juan Tusquets Terrats">Juan Tusquets Terrats</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Pem%C3%A1n" title="José María Pemán">José María Pemán</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_de_Aguilera_Munro" title="Gonzalo de Aguilera Munro">Gonzalo de Aguilera Munro</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Robert Low of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Chronicle" title="The Jewish Chronicle">The Jewish Chronicle</a></i> reviewed the book positively, saying that it "shows how fake news is certainly not an invention of the 21st century, and that its consequences can be far-reaching and frequently lethal."<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honours">Awards and honours</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Preston&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Awards and honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>2000 <a href="/wiki/2000_Birthday_Honours" title="2000 Birthday Honours">2000 Queen's Birthday Honours List</a> <a href="/wiki/Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Order of the British Empire">Commander of the Order of the British Empire</a> (Civil Division)</li> <li>2005 <a href="/wiki/Ramon_Llull" title="Ramon Llull">Ramon Llull</a> International Prize</li> <li>2006 <a href="/wiki/Grand_Cross" title="Grand Cross">Grand Cross</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Isabella_the_Catholic" title="Order of Isabella the Catholic">Order of Isabella the Catholic</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2012 <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Johnson_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuel Johnson Prize">Samuel Johnson Prize</a>, shortlist, <i>The Spanish Holocaust</i><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2013 Honour Prize of the Lluís Carulla's Foundation<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2018 <a href="/wiki/2018_Birthday_Honours" title="2018 Birthday Honours">Queen's Birthday Honours List</a>: <a href="/wiki/Knight_Bachelor" title="Knight Bachelor">Knighthood</a> for services to UK/Spain relations.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Honorary_Doctorates">Honorary Doctorates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Preston&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Honorary Doctorates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>2015 <a href="/wiki/Honorary_degree" title="Honorary degree"><i>Doctor Honoris causa</i></a> from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Rovira_i_Virgili" title="University of Rovira i Virgili">Universitat Rovira i Virigili</a><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2015 <a href="/wiki/Honorary_degree" title="Honorary degree"><i>Doctor Honoris causa</i></a> from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Liverpool" title="University of Liverpool">University of Liverpool</a><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2015 <a href="/wiki/Honorary_degree" title="Honorary degree"><i>Doctor Honoris causa</i></a> from the <a href="/wiki/Universidad_de_Extremadura" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad de Extremadura">Universidad de Extremadura</a><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2015 <a href="/wiki/Honorary_degree" title="Honorary degree"><i>Doctor Honoris causa</i></a> from the <a href="/wiki/Universitat_de_Val%C3%A8ncia" class="mw-redirect" title="Universitat de València">Universitat de València</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2016 <a href="/wiki/Honorary_degree" title="Honorary degree"><i>Doctor Honoris causa</i></a> from the <a href="/wiki/Universitat_de_Barcelona" class="mw-redirect" title="Universitat de Barcelona">Universitat de Barcelona</a><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2019 <a href="/wiki/Honorary_degree" title="Honorary degree"><i>Doctor Honoris causa</i></a> from the <a href="/wiki/Universidad_de_Cantabria" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad de Cantabria">Universidad de Cantabria</a><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2023 <a href="/wiki/Honorary_degree" title="Honorary degree"><i>Doctor Honoris causa</i></a> from the <a href="/wiki/Universidad_de_Granada" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad de Granada">Universidad de Granada</a><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Preston&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Preston1978" class="citation book cs1">— (1978). <i>The Coming of the Spanish Civil War: Reform, Reaction and Revolution in the Second Republic 1931–1936</i>. London: Macmillan.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Coming+of+the+Spanish+Civil+War%3A+Reform%2C+Reaction+and+Revolution+in+the+Second+Republic+1931%E2%80%931936&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1978&rft.au=Paul+Preston&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Preston1993" class="citation book cs1">— (1993). <i>Franco: A Biography</i>. <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780465025152" title="Special:BookSources/9780465025152"><bdi>9780465025152</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Franco%3A+A+Biography&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=9780465025152&rft.au=Paul+Preston&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Preston1999" class="citation book cs1">— (1999). <i>¡Comrades! Portraits from the Spanish Civil War</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%C2%A1Comrades%21+Portraits+from+the+Spanish+Civil+War&rft.place=London&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=1999&rft.au=Paul+Preston&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Preston2002" class="citation book cs1">— (2002). <i>Doves of War: Four Women of Spain</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Doves+of+War%3A+Four+Women+of+Spain&rft.place=London&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=2002&rft.au=Paul+Preston&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Preston2004" class="citation book cs1">— (2004). <i>Juan Carlos: A People's King</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Juan+Carlos%3A+A+People%27s+King&rft.place=London&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=2004&rft.au=Paul+Preston&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n. 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Preston2006" class="citation book cs1">— (2006). <i>The Spanish Civil War: Reaction, Revolution and Revenge</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0393329879" title="Special:BookSources/0393329879"><bdi>0393329879</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Spanish+Civil+War%3A+Reaction%2C+Revolution+and+Revenge&rft.place=London&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0393329879&rft.au=Paul+Preston&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span><sup id="cite_ref-romerosalvado_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-romerosalvado-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Preston2008" class="citation book cs1">— (2008). <i>El gran manipulador. La mentira cotidiana de Franco</i>. Barcelona: <a href="/wiki/Ediciones_B" title="Ediciones B">Ediciones B</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=El+gran+manipulador.+La+mentira+cotidiana+de+Franco&rft.place=Barcelona&rft.pub=Ediciones+B&rft.date=2008&rft.au=Paul+Preston&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Preston2009" class="citation book cs1">— (2009). <i>We Saw Spain Die: Foreign Correspondents in the Spanish Civil War</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/Constable_%26_Robinson" title="Constable & Robinson">Constable and Robinson</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1602397678" title="Special:BookSources/1602397678"><bdi>1602397678</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=We+Saw+Spain+Die%3A+Foreign+Correspondents+in+the+Spanish+Civil+War&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Constable+and+Robinson&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=1602397678&rft.au=Paul+Preston&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span><sup id="cite_ref-romerosalvado_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-romerosalvado-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Preston2012" class="citation book cs1">— (2012). <i>The Spanish Holocaust: Inquisition and Extermination in Twentieth-Century Spain</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">Harper Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0393345912" title="Special:BookSources/0393345912"><bdi>0393345912</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Spanish+Holocaust%3A+Inquisition+and+Extermination+in+Twentieth-Century+Spain.&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Harper+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=0393345912&rft.au=Paul+Preston&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Preston2013" class="citation book cs1">— (2013). <i>El zorro rojo, la vida de Santiago Carrillo</i>. Madrid: Debate.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=El+zorro+rojo%2C+la+vida+de+Santiago+Carrillo&rft.place=Madrid&rft.pub=Debate&rft.date=2013&rft.au=Paul+Preston&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Preston2016" class="citation book cs1">— (2016). <i>The Last Days of The Spanish Republic</i>. London: William Collins.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Last+Days+of+The+Spanish+Republic&rft.place=London&rft.pub=William+Collins&rft.date=2016&rft.au=Paul+Preston&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Preston2020" class="citation book cs1">— (2020). <i>A People Betrayed: A History of Corruption, Political Incompetence and Social Division in Modern Spain 1874-2018</i>. London: William Collins.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+People+Betrayed%3A+A+History+of+Corruption%2C+Political+Incompetence+and+Social+Division+in+Modern+Spain+1874-2018&rft.place=London&rft.pub=William+Collins&rft.date=2020&rft.au=Paul+Preston&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Preston2023" class="citation book cs1">— (2023). <i>Architects of Terror: Paranoia, Conspiracy and Anti-Semitism in Franco’s Spain</i>. London: William Collins.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Architects+of+Terror%3A+Paranoia%2C+Conspiracy+and+Anti-Semitism+in+Franco%E2%80%99s+Spain&rft.place=London&rft.pub=William+Collins&rft.date=2023&rft.au=Paul+Preston&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Preston2024" class="citation book cs1">— (2024). <i>Perfidious Albion: Britain and the Spanish Civil War</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/The_Clapton_Press" title="The Clapton Press">The Clapton Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Perfidious+Albion%3A+Britain+and+the+Spanish+Civil+War&rft.place=London&rft.pub=The+Clapton+Press&rft.date=2024&rft.au=Paul+Preston&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="As_editor">As editor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Preston&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: As editor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Preston1976" class="citation book cs1">Paul Preston, ed. (1976). <i>Spain in Crisis: Evolution and Decline of the Franco Regime</i>. London: Branch Line.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Spain+in+Crisis%3A+Evolution+and+Decline+of+the+Franco+Regime&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Branch+Line&rft.date=1976&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Preston1976" class="citation book cs1">Paul Preston, ed. (1976). <i>Leviátan: Antologia</i>. Ediciones Turner.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Levi%C3%A1tan%3A+Antologia&rft.pub=Ediciones+Turner&rft.date=1976&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Preston2001" class="citation book cs1">Paul Preston, ed. (2001). <i>Revolution and War in Spain, 1931–1939</i>. Routledge.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Revolution+and+War+in+Spain%2C+1931%E2%80%931939&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Preston&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Informational notes</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Published in the US with the subtitle: <i>Steering Spain from Dictatorship to Democracy</i>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><b>Citations</b> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Night Waves, BBC Radio Three, 6 March 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.albavolunteer.org/2013/06/the-man-who-cant-say-no-paul-preston-is-working-harder-than-ever/">"<i>The man who can't say no</i>: Preston is working harder than ever"</a>. 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+man+who+can%27t+say+no%3A+Preston+is+working+harder+than+ever&rft.date=2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.albavolunteer.org%2F2013%2F06%2Fthe-man-who-cant-say-no-paul-preston-is-working-harder-than-ever%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lse.ac.uk/International-History/People/emeritus-distinguished-staff/preston/preston">"Professor Paul Preston"</a>. Department of International History, London School of Economics<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Professor+Paul+Preston&rft.pub=Department+of+International+History%2C+London+School+of+Economics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lse.ac.uk%2FInternational-History%2FPeople%2Femeritus-distinguished-staff%2Fpreston%2Fpreston&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elpais.com/audios/cadena/ser/Escuche/ventana/entrevista/Paul/Preston/libro/i/Idealistas/balas/i/elpaud/20070601csrcsr_17/Aes/">2007 <i>Cadena SER</i> interview</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110520072900/http://www.elpais.com/audios/cadena/ser/Escuche/ventana/entrevista/Paul/Preston/libro/i/Idealistas/balas/i/elpaud/20070601csrcsr_17/Aes/">Archived</a> 20 May 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, accessed via <a href="/wiki/El_Pa%C3%ADs" title="El País">El País</a> website</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Spanish Holocaust: Inquisition and Extermination in Twentieth-Century Spain</i>, p. 530</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-english_elpais_com-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-english_elpais_com_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-english_elpais_com_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://english.elpais.com/culture/2021-11-19/paul-preston-franco-was-shy-with-women-mussolini-an-aggressive-predator-and-hitler-harbored-a-range-of-perversions.html">"Paul Preston: 'Franco was shy with women, Mussolini an aggressive predator, and Hitler harbored a range of perversions'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. 19 November 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Paul+Preston%3A+%27Franco+was+shy+with+women%2C+Mussolini+an+aggressive+predator%2C+and+Hitler+harbored+a+range+of+perversions%27&rft.date=2021-11-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenglish.elpais.com%2Fculture%2F2021-11-19%2Fpaul-preston-franco-was-shy-with-women-mussolini-an-aggressive-predator-and-hitler-harbored-a-range-of-perversions.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Perfidious Albion: Britain and the Spanish Civil War</i>by Paul Preston, The Clapton Press, London,2024.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Spanish and Catalan editions appeared in 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://elpais.com/diario/2011/03/27/eps/1301210816_850215.html">España masacrada</a>, <i>El País</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Telegraph-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Telegraph_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTreglown2012" class="citation web cs1">Treglown (February 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/historybookreviews/9103580/The-Spanish-Holocaust-by-Paul-Preston-review.html">"The Spanish Holocaust by Paul Preston: review"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=The+Spanish+Holocaust+by+Paul+Preston%3A+review&rft.date=2012-02&rft.au=Treglown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fculture%2Fbooks%2Fhistorybookreviews%2F9103580%2FThe-Spanish-Holocaust-by-Paul-Preston-review.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-review-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-review_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTremlett,_Giles2012" class="citation web cs1">Tremlett, Giles (March 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2012/mar/09/spanish-holocaust-paul-preston-review">"The Spanish Holocaust by Paul Preston – review"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+Spanish+Holocaust+by+Paul+Preston+%E2%80%93+review&rft.date=2012-03&rft.au=Tremlett%2C+Giles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2012%2Fmar%2F09%2Fspanish-holocaust-paul-preston-review&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Payne, Stanley <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702303302504577325594229771470">"The History War"</a>, <i>Wall Street Journal</i>, 12.10.2012, retrieved 14.10.2019</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTremlett2012" class="citation news cs1">Tremlett, Giles (9 March 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2012/mar/09/spanish-holocaust-paul-preston-review">"The Spanish Holocaust by Paul Preston – review"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+Spanish+Holocaust+by+Paul+Preston+%E2%80%93+review&rft.date=2012-03-09&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.aulast=Tremlett&rft.aufirst=Giles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2012%2Fmar%2F09%2Fspanish-holocaust-paul-preston-review&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDegroot2023" class="citation news cs1">Degroot, Gerard (26 June 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/architects-of-terror-by-paul-preston-review-99s78r876">"Architects of Terror by Paul Preston review — paranoia, conspiracy and antisemitism in Franco's Spain"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Architects+of+Terror+by+Paul+Preston+review+%E2%80%94+paranoia%2C+conspiracy+and+antisemitism+in+Franco%27s+Spain&rft.date=2023-06-26&rft.aulast=Degroot&rft.aufirst=Gerard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Farchitects-of-terror-by-paul-preston-review-99s78r876&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://literaryreview.co.uk/fascists-fantasists">"John Foot - Fascists & Fantasists"</a>. 26 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+Foot+-+Fascists+%26+Fantasists&rft.date=2023-06-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fliteraryreview.co.uk%2Ffascists-fantasists&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBishop2023" class="citation news cs1">Bishop, Patrick (24 January 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/books/what-to-read/architects-terror-paul-preston-review-how-anti-semitic-fake/">"How an anti-Semitic 'fake news' conspiracy drove mass murder in Franco's Spain"</a>. <i>The Telegraph</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=How+an+anti-Semitic+%27fake+news%27+conspiracy+drove+mass+murder+in+Franco%27s+Spain&rft.date=2023-01-24&rft.aulast=Bishop&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fbooks%2Fwhat-to-read%2Farchitects-terror-paul-preston-review-how-anti-semitic-fake%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thejc.com/life-and-culture/all/book-review-architect-of-terror-when-franco-ruled-and-hatred-spread-105EYtw3skAGF0EaynATVh">"Book review: Architect of Terror - When Franco ruled and hatred spread"</a>. <i>www.thejc.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thejc.com&rft.atitle=Book+review%3A+Architect+of+Terror+-+When+Franco+ruled+and+hatred+spread&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejc.com%2Flife-and-culture%2Fall%2Fbook-review-architect-of-terror-when-franco-ruled-and-hatred-spread-105EYtw3skAGF0EaynATVh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r920966791">.mw-parser-output span.smallcaps{font-variant:small-caps}.mw-parser-output span.smallcaps-smaller{font-size:85%}</style><span class="smallcaps">Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores y de Cooperación</span>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boe.es/boe/dias/2006/12/02/pdfs/A42534-42534.pdf">"Real Decreto 1455/2006, de 1 de diciembre, por el que se concede la Gran Cruz de la Orden de Isabel la Católica al señor Paul Preston, Director del Centro Cañada-Blanch de Estudios Españoles Contemporáneos en la London School of Economics"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bolet%C3%ADn_Oficial_del_Estado" title="Boletín Oficial del Estado">Boletín Oficial del Estado</a></i> (288): 42534. 2 December 2006. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0212-033X">0212-033X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bolet%C3%ADn+Oficial+del+Estado&rft.atitle=Real+Decreto+1455%2F2006%2C+de+1+de+diciembre%2C+por+el+que+se+concede+la+Gran+Cruz+de+la+Orden+de+Isabel+la+Cat%C3%B3lica+al+se%C3%B1or+Paul+Preston%2C+Director+del+Centro+Ca%C3%B1ada-Blanch+de+Estudios+Espa%C3%B1oles+Contempor%C3%A1neos+en+la+London+School+of+Economics&rft.issue=288&rft.pages=42534&rft.date=2006-12-02&rft.issn=0212-033X&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boe.es%2Fboe%2Fdias%2F2006%2F12%2F02%2Fpdfs%2FA42534-42534.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlison_Flood2012" class="citation news cs1">Alison Flood (5 October 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2012/oct/05/six-magisterial-shortlist-samuel-johnson-prize">"Six books to 'change our view of the world' on shortlist for non-fiction prize"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 October</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Six+books+to+%27change+our+view+of+the+world%27+on+shortlist+for+non-fiction+prize&rft.date=2012-10-05&rft.au=Alison+Flood&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2012%2Foct%2F05%2Fsix-magisterial-shortlist-samuel-johnson-prize&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFACN2012" class="citation news cs1">ACN (12 November 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vilaweb.cat/noticia/4155657/20131112/fundacio-lluis-carulla-atorga-premi-dhonor-lhistoriador-paul-preston.html">"La Fundació Lluís Carulla atorga el Premi d'Honor a l'historiador Paul Preston"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Vilaweb" class="mw-redirect" title="Vilaweb">Vilaweb</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vilaweb&rft.atitle=La+Fundaci%C3%B3+Llu%C3%ADs+Carulla+atorga+el+Premi+d%27Honor+a+l%27historiador+Paul+Preston&rft.date=2012-11-12&rft.au=ACN&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vilaweb.cat%2Fnoticia%2F4155657%2F20131112%2Ffundacio-lluis-carulla-atorga-premi-dhonor-lhistoriador-paul-preston.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/notice/3041271">"The London Gazette 8 June 2018"</a>. <i>The London Gazette</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=The+London+Gazette+8+June+2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2Fnotice%2F3041271&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/notice/3369106">"The London Gazette 21 August 2019"</a>. <i>The London Gazette</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=The+London+Gazette+21+August+2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2Fnotice%2F3369106&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://diaridigital.urv.cat/en/lhistoriador-hispanista-angles-paul-preston-doctor-honoris-causa-per-la-urv/">"The Hispanist historian Paul Preston is awarded an honorary doctorate by the URV"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Hispanist+historian+Paul+Preston+is+awarded+an+honorary+doctorate+by+the+URV&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdiaridigital.urv.cat%2Fen%2Flhistoriador-hispanista-angles-paul-preston-doctor-honoris-causa-per-la-urv%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.liverpool.ac.uk/2015/07/21/spanish-history-professor-awarded-honorary-degree/">"Spanish history professor awarded honorary degree"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Spanish+history+professor+awarded+honorary+degree&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.liverpool.ac.uk%2F2015%2F07%2F21%2Fspanish-history-professor-awarded-honorary-degree%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fundacionyuste.org/en/paul-preston-doctor-honoris-causa-by-the-university-of-extremadura/">"Paul Preston, Member of the European Academy of Yuste, receives an honorary doctorate from the University of Extremadura"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Paul+Preston%2C+Member+of+the+European+Academy+of+Yuste%2C+receives+an+honorary+doctorate+from+the+University+of+Extremadura&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fundacionyuste.org%2Fen%2Fpaul-preston-doctor-honoris-causa-by-the-university-of-extremadura%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uv.es/uvweb/college/en/news-release/universitat-de-valencia-will-grant-historian-paul-preston-distinction-new-doctor-honoris-causa-1285846070123/Noticia.html?id=1285949993250">"The Universitat de València will grant to the historian Paul Preston the distinction of new Doctor Honoris Causa"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Universitat+de+Val%C3%A8ncia+will+grant+to+the+historian+Paul+Preston+the+distinction+of+new+Doctor+Honoris+Causa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.uv.es%2Fuvweb%2Fcollege%2Fen%2Fnews-release%2Funiversitat-de-valencia-will-grant-historian-paul-preston-distinction-new-doctor-honoris-causa-1285846070123%2FNoticia.html%3Fid%3D1285949993250&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.ub.edu/en/web/actualitat/w/eugene-garfield-and-paul-preston-awarded-doctor-honoris-causa-by-the-university-of-barcelona">"Eugene Garfield and Paul Preston awarded Doctor Honoris Causa by the University of Barcelona"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eugene+Garfield+and+Paul+Preston+awarded+Doctor+Honoris+Causa+by+the+University+of+Barcelona&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.ub.edu%2Fen%2Fweb%2Factualitat%2Fw%2Feugene-garfield-and-paul-preston-awarded-doctor-honoris-causa-by-the-university-of-barcelona&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.unican.es/noticias/Paginas/2019/abril_2019/Claustro-de-Doctores-Honoris-Causa-UC.aspx">"Paul Preston y José Antonio Martín Pereda ingresan en el Claustro de Doctores Honoris Causa UC"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Paul+Preston+y+Jos%C3%A9+Antonio+Mart%C3%ADn+Pereda+ingresan+en+el+Claustro+de+Doctores+Honoris+Causa+UC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.unican.es%2Fnoticias%2FPaginas%2F2019%2Fabril_2019%2FClaustro-de-Doctores-Honoris-Causa-UC.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ugr.es/en/node/36957">"El historiador Paul Preston nuevo Doctor Honoris Causa por la UGR"</a>.</cite><span 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class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Frank_McLynn" title="Frank McLynn">McLynn, Frank</a> (7 November 1993). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/book-review-the-folly-of-appeasement-franco-a-biography-by-paul-preston-harpercollins-pounds-25-1502636.html">"The folly of appeasement"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220525/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/book-review-the-folly-of-appeasement-franco-a-biography-by-paul-preston-harpercollins-pounds-25-1502636.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 May 2022.</cite><span 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class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>La Albolafia: Revista de Humanidades y Cultura</i> (9): 44. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2386-2491">2386-2491</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Albolafia%3A+Revista+de+Humanidades+y+Cultura&rft.atitle=Acercamiento+bibliogr%C3%A1fico+a+las+relaciones+hispano-brit%C3%A1nicas+durante+la+Guerra+Civil+Espa%C3%B1ola&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=44&rft.date=2016&rft.issn=2386-2491&rft.aulast=Pulpillo+Leiva&rft.aufirst=Carlos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdialnet.unirioja.es%2Fdescarga%2Farticulo%2F5769275.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link 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class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWebster2016" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jason_Webster_(author)" title="Jason Webster (author)">Webster, Jason</a> (19 March 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spectator.co.uk/2016/03/francos-bloody-finale/">"Franco's bloody finale"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Spectator" title="The Spectator">The Spectator</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Spectator&rft.atitle=Franco%27s+bloody+finale&rft.date=2016-03-19&rft.aulast=Webster&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spectator.co.uk%2F2016%2F03%2Ffrancos-bloody-finale%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Preston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Preston&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Paul_Preston" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Paul Preston">Paul Preston</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikiquote-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/15px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/30px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span> Spanish <a href="/wiki/Wikiquote" title="Wikiquote">Wikiquote</a> has quotations related to: <b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/es:Paul_Preston" class="extiw" title="q:es:Paul Preston">Paul Preston</a></b></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lse.ac.uk/people/p.preston@lse.ac.uk/">Publications by Paul Preston at LSE Research Online</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120621121214/http://www.dosorillas.org/spip.php?article2863">Paul Preston Interview on The Señales de Humo</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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.tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898722#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898722#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a 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href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000110384851">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/12330221">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJyMb4hKfpdBHk6JGpR7pP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1023496968">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79082146">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12065718w">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12065718w">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/01175416">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Preston, Paul"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/RAVV035415">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36511163">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19990006689&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX848725">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/45708">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069115834">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90185225">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000076351&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=133405">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/xv8cln3g5dfsrf8">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810545315705606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007266877005171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058519653806706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01154305?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=26632708500">Scopus</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/327128">RKD Artists</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1264369">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/1023496968">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/028921453">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6j20fpt">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paul_Preston&oldid=1239961575">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paul_Preston&oldid=1239961575</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1946_births" title="Category:1946 births">1946 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