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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Questionnaire design</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">8,201 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Questionnaire design</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Questionnaire_design">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_937390" data-work_id="937390" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/937390/The_Odor_Awareness_Scale_A_new_scale_for_measuring_positive_and_negative_odor_awareness">The Odor Awareness Scale: A new scale for measuring positive and negative odor awareness</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Odor Awareness Scale (OAS) is a questionnaire designed to assess individual differences in awareness of odors in the environment. The theory that odor awareness can be distinguished in awareness of negative (to be avoided) odors and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_937390" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Odor Awareness Scale (OAS) is a questionnaire designed to assess individual differences in awareness of odors in the environment. The theory that odor awareness can be distinguished in awareness of negative (to be avoided) odors and positive (to be approached) odors was tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on the 34-item questionnaire after completion by 525 respondents. CFA (after deletion of 2 items) showed good fit of the 2-factor theory, resulting in a positive awareness subscale (11 items, Cronbach's a = .77) and a negative awareness subscale (21 items, Cronbach's a = .80). Furthermore, reports of sickness from environmental odors were correlated with the negative odor awareness factor, not the positive odor awareness factor. Respondents scoring high on the overall sum score of the OAS showed significantly better olfactory performance on an odor perception test battery than respondents with a low score. These results suggest a causal relation between awareness of potentially negative odors, olfactory performance and experiencing health effects from environmental odor exposure, that warrants further investigation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/937390" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bcc35c107476c643c953e7b385dcc5cf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51157209,"asset_id":937390,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51157209/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="252437" href="https://uu.academia.edu/MoniqueSmeets">Monique Smeets</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="252437" type="text/json">{"id":252437,"first_name":"Monique","last_name":"Smeets","domain_name":"uu","page_name":"MoniqueSmeets","display_name":"Monique Smeets","profile_url":"https://uu.academia.edu/MoniqueSmeets?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_937390 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="937390"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 937390, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_937390", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=937390]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_937390").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_937390").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="937390"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14054" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical">Chemical</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14054" type="text/json">{"id":14054,"name":"Chemical","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14406" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health">Health</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14406" type="text/json">{"id":14406,"name":"Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=937390]'), work: {"id":937390,"title":"The Odor Awareness Scale: A new scale for measuring positive and negative odor awareness","created_at":"2011-09-21T03:58:36.155-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/937390/The_Odor_Awareness_Scale_A_new_scale_for_measuring_positive_and_negative_odor_awareness?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_937390","summary":"The Odor Awareness Scale (OAS) is a questionnaire designed to assess individual differences in awareness of odors in the environment. The theory that odor awareness can be distinguished in awareness of negative (to be avoided) odors and positive (to be approached) odors was tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on the 34-item questionnaire after completion by 525 respondents. CFA (after deletion of 2 items) showed good fit of the 2-factor theory, resulting in a positive awareness subscale (11 items, Cronbach's a = .77) and a negative awareness subscale (21 items, Cronbach's a = .80). Furthermore, reports of sickness from environmental odors were correlated with the negative odor awareness factor, not the positive odor awareness factor. Respondents scoring high on the overall sum score of the OAS showed significantly better olfactory performance on an odor perception test battery than respondents with a low score. These results suggest a causal relation between awareness of potentially negative odors, olfactory performance and experiencing health effects from environmental odor exposure, that warrants further investigation.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51157209,"asset_id":937390,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":252437,"first_name":"Monique","last_name":"Smeets","domain_name":"uu","page_name":"MoniqueSmeets","display_name":"Monique Smeets","profile_url":"https://uu.academia.edu/MoniqueSmeets?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":14054,"name":"Chemical","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":14406,"name":"Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":60585,"name":"Factor analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Factor_analysis?f_ri=25940"},{"id":102416,"name":"Smell","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Smell?f_ri=25940"},{"id":104428,"name":"Confirmatory factor analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confirmatory_factor_analysis?f_ri=25940"},{"id":133057,"name":"Young Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Young_Adult?f_ri=25940"},{"id":197351,"name":"Awareness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Awareness?f_ri=25940"},{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=25940"},{"id":357416,"name":"Odors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Odors?f_ri=25940"},{"id":517414,"name":"Chemical Senses","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Senses?f_ri=25940"},{"id":850057,"name":"Olfactory perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Olfactory_perception?f_ri=25940"},{"id":965088,"name":"Individual Difference","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Individual_Difference?f_ri=25940"},{"id":997161,"name":"Health Effect","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Effect?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37375294" data-work_id="37375294" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37375294/Social_relationships_and_health_The_relative_roles_of_family_functioning_and_social_support">Social relationships and health: The relative roles of family functioning and social support</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The associations between social relationships and health have been examined using two major research traditions. Using a social epidemiological approach, much research has shown the beneficial effect of social supports on health and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37375294" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The associations between social relationships and health have been examined using two major research traditions. Using a social epidemiological approach, much research has shown the beneficial effect of social supports on health and health behaviors. Family interaction research, which has grown out of a more clinical tradition, has shown the complex effects of family functioning on health, particularly mental health. No studies have examined the relative power of these two approaches in explicating the connections between social relationships and health. We hypothesized that social relationships (social support and family functioning) would exert direct and indirect (through depressive symptoms) effects on health behaviors. We also hypothesized that the effects of social relationships on health would be more powerfully explicated by family functioning than by social support. We mailed a pilot survey to a random sample of patients attending a family practice center, including questions on depressive symptoms, cardiovascular health behaviors, demographics, social support using the ISEL scale, and family functioning using the FEICS scale. FEICS is a self-report questionnaire designed to assess family emotional involement and criticism, the media elements of family expressed emotion. Eighty-three useable responses were obtained. Regression analyses and structural modelling showed both direct and indirect statistically significant paths from social relationships to health behaviors. Family criticism was directly associated (standardized coefficient = 0.29) with depressive symptoms, and family emotional involvement was directly associated with both depressive symptoms (coefficient = 0.35) and healthy cardiovascular behaviors (coefficient = 0.32). The results support the primacy of family functioning factors in understanding the associations among social relationships, mental health, and health behaviors. The contrasting relationships between emotional involvement and depressive symptoms on the one hand and emotional involvement and health behaviors on the other suggest the need for a more complex model to understand the connections between social relationships and health.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37375294" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f26c308d30c8b84dd9aed6370e342a50" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57337631,"asset_id":37375294,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57337631/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="90874874" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PeterFranks3">Peter Franks</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="90874874" type="text/json">{"id":90874874,"first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Franks","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PeterFranks3","display_name":"Peter Franks","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PeterFranks3?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37375294 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37375294"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37375294, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37375294", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37375294]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37375294").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37375294").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37375294"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="767" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology">Anthropology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="767" type="text/json">{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1048" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Behavior">Health Behavior</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1048" type="text/json">{"id":1048,"name":"Health Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Behavior?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2827" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mental_Health">Mental Health</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2827" type="text/json">{"id":2827,"name":"Mental Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mental_Health?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6574" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Family">Family</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="6574" type="text/json">{"id":6574,"name":"Family","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Family?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37375294]'), work: {"id":37375294,"title":"Social relationships and health: The relative roles of family functioning and social support","created_at":"2018-09-10T11:59:37.421-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37375294/Social_relationships_and_health_The_relative_roles_of_family_functioning_and_social_support?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_37375294","summary":"The associations between social relationships and health have been examined using two major research traditions. Using a social epidemiological approach, much research has shown the beneficial effect of social supports on health and health behaviors. Family interaction research, which has grown out of a more clinical tradition, has shown the complex effects of family functioning on health, particularly mental health. No studies have examined the relative power of these two approaches in explicating the connections between social relationships and health. We hypothesized that social relationships (social support and family functioning) would exert direct and indirect (through depressive symptoms) effects on health behaviors. We also hypothesized that the effects of social relationships on health would be more powerfully explicated by family functioning than by social support. We mailed a pilot survey to a random sample of patients attending a family practice center, including questions on depressive symptoms, cardiovascular health behaviors, demographics, social support using the ISEL scale, and family functioning using the FEICS scale. FEICS is a self-report questionnaire designed to assess family emotional involement and criticism, the media elements of family expressed emotion. Eighty-three useable responses were obtained. Regression analyses and structural modelling showed both direct and indirect statistically significant paths from social relationships to health behaviors. Family criticism was directly associated (standardized coefficient = 0.29) with depressive symptoms, and family emotional involvement was directly associated with both depressive symptoms (coefficient = 0.35) and healthy cardiovascular behaviors (coefficient = 0.32). The results support the primacy of family functioning factors in understanding the associations among social relationships, mental health, and health behaviors. The contrasting relationships between emotional involvement and depressive symptoms on the one hand and emotional involvement and health behaviors on the other suggest the need for a more complex model to understand the connections between social relationships and health.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57337631,"asset_id":37375294,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":90874874,"first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Franks","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PeterFranks3","display_name":"Peter Franks","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PeterFranks3?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":1048,"name":"Health Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Behavior?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":2827,"name":"Mental Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mental_Health?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":6574,"name":"Family","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Family?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25469,"name":"Family Practice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Family_Practice?f_ri=25940"},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940"},{"id":96347,"name":"Role","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Role?f_ri=25940"},{"id":123230,"name":"Regression Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Regression_Analysis?f_ri=25940"},{"id":159017,"name":"Family Functioning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Family_Functioning?f_ri=25940"},{"id":172809,"name":"Interpersonal Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interpersonal_Relations?f_ri=25940"},{"id":232534,"name":"Health Status","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Status?f_ri=25940"},{"id":398499,"name":"Random sampling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Random_sampling?f_ri=25940"},{"id":693683,"name":"EXPRESSED EMOTION","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EXPRESSED_EMOTION?f_ri=25940"},{"id":706975,"name":"Depressive Symptoms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Depressive_Symptoms?f_ri=25940"},{"id":945595,"name":"Pilot Projects","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pilot_Projects?f_ri=25940"},{"id":1414499,"name":"Life Change Events","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Life_Change_Events?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7017950" data-work_id="7017950" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7017950/Lagaert_S_and_Roose_H_2014_Exploring_the_adequacy_and_validity_of_sport_Reflections_on_a_contested_and_open_concept_INTERNATIONAL_REVIEW_FOR_THE_SOCIOLOGY_OF_SPORT_doi_10_1177_1012690214529295_">Lagaert, S. & Roose, H. (2014). Exploring the adequacy and validity of 'sport': Reflections on a contested and open concept. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW FOR THE SOCIOLOGY OF SPORT, doi:10.1177/1012690214529295 .</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this paper we explore whether and how 'sport' can be an adequate and valid sociological concept considering the multitude of contested meanings and definitions attached to 'sport' by different stakeholders in the sports field. Firstly,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7017950" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this paper we explore whether and how 'sport' can be an adequate and valid sociological concept considering the multitude of contested meanings and definitions attached to 'sport' by different stakeholders in the sports field. Firstly, we argue that essentialist definitions of 'sport' too often one-sidedly focus on physical exertion and neglect the socially distinguishing nature of sportive practices as part of a lifestyle. Secondly, survey questions reflect this physical definition of 'sport' and assume that 'sport' has an obviously similar meaning to respondents. However, reflecting the struggle to define 'sport' in the sports field, people with different socio-demographic backgrounds differ in their understanding of the concept. Because current measurement of 'sport' does not adequately deal with the open and contested nature of the concept, suggestions on how to collect survey data on sport participation are presented.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7017950" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a93decd3a2b41924b3ca79373b34a8fa" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33680183,"asset_id":7017950,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33680183/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9838975" href="https://ugent.academia.edu/SusanLagaert">Susan Lagaert</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9838975" type="text/json">{"id":9838975,"first_name":"Susan","last_name":"Lagaert","domain_name":"ugent","page_name":"SusanLagaert","display_name":"Susan Lagaert","profile_url":"https://ugent.academia.edu/SusanLagaert?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9838975/3321557/16481717/s65_susan.lagaert.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7017950 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7017950"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7017950, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7017950", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7017950]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7017950").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7017950").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7017950"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14238" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Survey_Research">Survey Research</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14238" type="text/json">{"id":14238,"name":"Survey Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Survey_Research?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="49905" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sport">Sport</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="49905" type="text/json">{"id":49905,"name":"Sport","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sport?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7017950]'), work: {"id":7017950,"title":"Lagaert, S. \u0026 Roose, H. (2014). Exploring the adequacy and validity of 'sport': Reflections on a contested and open concept. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW FOR THE SOCIOLOGY OF SPORT, doi:10.1177/1012690214529295 .","created_at":"2014-05-11T22:00:50.263-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7017950/Lagaert_S_and_Roose_H_2014_Exploring_the_adequacy_and_validity_of_sport_Reflections_on_a_contested_and_open_concept_INTERNATIONAL_REVIEW_FOR_THE_SOCIOLOGY_OF_SPORT_doi_10_1177_1012690214529295_?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_7017950","summary":"In this paper we explore whether and how 'sport' can be an adequate and valid sociological concept considering the multitude of contested meanings and definitions attached to 'sport' by different stakeholders in the sports field. Firstly, we argue that essentialist definitions of 'sport' too often one-sidedly focus on physical exertion and neglect the socially distinguishing nature of sportive practices as part of a lifestyle. Secondly, survey questions reflect this physical definition of 'sport' and assume that 'sport' has an obviously similar meaning to respondents. However, reflecting the struggle to define 'sport' in the sports field, people with different socio-demographic backgrounds differ in their understanding of the concept. Because current measurement of 'sport' does not adequately deal with the open and contested nature of the concept, suggestions on how to collect survey data on sport participation are presented.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33680183,"asset_id":7017950,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9838975,"first_name":"Susan","last_name":"Lagaert","domain_name":"ugent","page_name":"SusanLagaert","display_name":"Susan Lagaert","profile_url":"https://ugent.academia.edu/SusanLagaert?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9838975/3321557/16481717/s65_susan.lagaert.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":14238,"name":"Survey Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Survey_Research?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire 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cancer</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/18887662" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5fbc47b592a1a9b2a46e0ce747f78270" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40311523,"asset_id":18887662,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40311523/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i 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});</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_18887662 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18887662"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18887662; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18887662]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_18887662").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_18887662").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="18887662"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7470" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quality_of_life">Quality of life</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7470" type="text/json">{"id":7470,"name":"Quality of life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quality_of_life?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12426" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome">Treatment Outcome</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12426" type="text/json">{"id":12426,"name":"Treatment Outcome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment_Outcome?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12693" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Body_Image">Body Image</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12693" type="text/json">{"id":12693,"name":"Body 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cancer","created_at":"2015-11-23T16:13:56.232-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/18887662/An_international_field_study_of_the_reliability_and_validity_of_a_disease_specific_questionnaire_module_the_QLQ_OV28_in_assessing_the_quality_of_life_of_patients_with_ovarian_cancer?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_18887662","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40311523,"asset_id":18887662,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":39004550,"first_name":"Andrew","last_name":"Bottomley","domain_name":"rkus-ott","page_name":"AndrewBottomley","display_name":"Andrew Bottomley","profile_url":"https://rkus-ott.academia.edu/AndrewBottomley?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/39004550/16161314/16601733/s65_andrew.bottomley.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7470,"name":"Quality of life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quality_of_life?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":12426,"name":"Treatment 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Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychometric_Properties?f_ri=25940"},{"id":239810,"name":"Field Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Field_Study?f_ri=25940"},{"id":267085,"name":"Peripheral Neuropathy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peripheral_Neuropathy?f_ri=25940"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=25940"},{"id":298035,"name":"Validity and Reliability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Validity_and_Reliability?f_ri=25940"},{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=25940"},{"id":549280,"name":"Reproducibility of Results","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproducibility_of_Results?f_ri=25940"},{"id":698785,"name":"Side Effect","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Side_Effect?f_ri=25940"},{"id":723979,"name":"Sexual Function","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sexual_Function?f_ri=25940"},{"id":1212103,"name":"Antineoplastic Agents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antineoplastic_Agents?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_74026586" data-work_id="74026586" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74026586/The_impact_of_a_design_management_training_initiative_on_project_performance">The impact of a design management training initiative on project performance</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">PurposeOver recent years there has been a significant drive away from traditional procurement routes where contractors find themselves with an increasing responsibility for the control of the design – a process they have had little... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_74026586" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">PurposeOver recent years there has been a significant drive away from traditional procurement routes where contractors find themselves with an increasing responsibility for the control of the design – a process they have had little experience in managing. Yet this is an area of significant opportunity for those contractors who can adapt quickly and effectively to the changing construction market. However, many current processes are insufficient to manage today&#39;s demanding and fast‐moving projects. This paper aims to address this issueDesign/methodology/approachThe paper reflects on the deployment of a design management training initiative to improve performance in a major UK civil and building design and construction company. It investigates the impact of the training initiative, critical practices and a suite of 25 tools on design management performance across the company. The methodology included a structured questionnaire, design management maturity assessment, semi‐structure...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/74026586" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4e024d242550544237847d8d5d95d288" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":82328875,"asset_id":74026586,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82328875/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="14512" href="https://lboro.academia.edu/SimonAustin">Simon Austin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="14512" type="text/json">{"id":14512,"first_name":"Simon","last_name":"Austin","domain_name":"lboro","page_name":"SimonAustin","display_name":"Simon Austin","profile_url":"https://lboro.academia.edu/SimonAustin?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14512/80037/87876/s65_simon.austin.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_74026586 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="74026586"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74026586, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_74026586", }); 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Yet this is an area of significant opportunity for those contractors who can adapt quickly and effectively to the changing construction market. However, many current processes are insufficient to manage today\u0026#39;s demanding and fast‐moving projects. This paper aims to address this issueDesign/methodology/approachThe paper reflects on the deployment of a design management training initiative to improve performance in a major UK civil and building design and construction company. It investigates the impact of the training initiative, critical practices and a suite of 25 tools on design management performance across the company. The methodology included a structured questionnaire, design management maturity assessment, semi‐structure...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82328875,"asset_id":74026586,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":14512,"first_name":"Simon","last_name":"Austin","domain_name":"lboro","page_name":"SimonAustin","display_name":"Simon Austin","profile_url":"https://lboro.academia.edu/SimonAustin?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14512/80037/87876/s65_simon.austin.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":1372,"name":"Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":2277,"name":"Project Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Project_Management?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":3384,"name":"Design Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Management?f_ri=25940"},{"id":5172,"name":"Procurement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Procurement?f_ri=25940"},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940"},{"id":88983,"name":"Project manager","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Project_manager?f_ri=25940"},{"id":96047,"name":"Case Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Case_Study?f_ri=25940"},{"id":101782,"name":"Building","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Building?f_ri=25940"},{"id":159687,"name":"Design Methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Methodology?f_ri=25940"},{"id":186204,"name":"Building Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Building_Design?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_62293818" data-work_id="62293818" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/62293818/Social_Perception_of_Violence_Against_Women_Individual_and_Psychosocial_Characteristics_of_Victims_and_Abusers">Social Perception of Violence Against Women: Individual and Psychosocial Characteristics of Victims and Abusers</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Violence against women in close relationships is one of the most worrying and controversial situations in modern society. The main goal of this study was to identify the social perception that people generally have of gender violence in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_62293818" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Violence against women in close relationships is one of the most worrying and controversial situations in modern society. The main goal of this study was to identify the social perception that people generally have of gender violence in order to obtain profiles of both men who resort to violence against their partners and women who are victims of abuse, identifying</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/62293818" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="87a44cbfd3dfce9969276c173c6db5b1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":75108100,"asset_id":62293818,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75108100/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="56201213" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FranciscaExp%C3%B3sito">Francisca Expósito</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="56201213" type="text/json">{"id":56201213,"first_name":"Francisca","last_name":"Expósito","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FranciscaExpósito","display_name":"Francisca Expósito","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FranciscaExp%C3%B3sito?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_62293818 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="62293818"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 62293818, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_62293818", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_62293818 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 62293818; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_62293818"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_62293818 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="62293818"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 62293818; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=62293818]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_62293818").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_62293818").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="62293818"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12471" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Violence_Against_Women">Violence Against Women</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12471" type="text/json">{"id":12471,"name":"Violence Against Women","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Violence_Against_Women?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18440" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Perception">Social Perception</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="18440" type="text/json">{"id":18440,"name":"Social Perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Perception?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="82270" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Close_relationships">Close relationships</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="82270" type="text/json">{"id":82270,"name":"Close relationships","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Close_relationships?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=62293818]'), work: {"id":62293818,"title":"Social Perception of Violence Against Women: Individual and Psychosocial Characteristics of Victims and Abusers","created_at":"2021-11-24T13:44:45.181-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/62293818/Social_Perception_of_Violence_Against_Women_Individual_and_Psychosocial_Characteristics_of_Victims_and_Abusers?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_62293818","summary":"Violence against women in close relationships is one of the most worrying and controversial situations in modern society. The main goal of this study was to identify the social perception that people generally have of gender violence in order to obtain profiles of both men who resort to violence against their partners and women who are victims of abuse, identifying","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":75108100,"asset_id":62293818,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":56201213,"first_name":"Francisca","last_name":"Expósito","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FranciscaExpósito","display_name":"Francisca Expósito","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FranciscaExp%C3%B3sito?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":12471,"name":"Violence Against Women","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Violence_Against_Women?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":18440,"name":"Social Perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Perception?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":82270,"name":"Close relationships","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Close_relationships?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":1419742,"name":"Self Esteem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_Esteem?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6041764" data-work_id="6041764" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6041764/Increasing_response_rates_to_postal_questionnaires_a_randomised_trial_of_variations_in_design">Increasing response rates to postal questionnaires: a randomised trial of variations in design</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Objective To identify methods to increase response to postal questionnaires. Design Systematic review of randomised controlled trials of any method to influence response to postal questionnaires. Studies reviewed 292 randomised controlled... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6041764" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Objective To identify methods to increase response to postal questionnaires. Design Systematic review of randomised controlled trials of any method to influence response to postal questionnaires. Studies reviewed 292 randomised controlled trials including 258 315 participants Intervention reviewed 75 strategies for influencing response to postal questionnaires.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6041764" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="90c62262745b184a8edbc7d221b56125" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49043540,"asset_id":6041764,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49043540/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9073503" href="https://york.academia.edu/YvonneBirks">Yvonne Birks</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9073503" type="text/json">{"id":9073503,"first_name":"Yvonne","last_name":"Birks","domain_name":"york","page_name":"YvonneBirks","display_name":"Yvonne Birks","profile_url":"https://york.academia.edu/YvonneBirks?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9073503/18737623/18698885/s65_yvonne.birks.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6041764 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6041764"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6041764, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6041764", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6041764]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6041764").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6041764").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6041764"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2066" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Design">Research Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2066" type="text/json">{"id":2066,"name":"Research Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27659" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Economics">Applied Economics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27659" type="text/json">{"id":27659,"name":"Applied Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Economics?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="40593" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_medical_history">British medical history</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="40593" type="text/json">{"id":40593,"name":"British medical history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_medical_history?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6041764]'), work: {"id":6041764,"title":"Increasing response rates to postal questionnaires: a randomised trial of variations in design","created_at":"2014-02-11T22:17:15.671-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6041764/Increasing_response_rates_to_postal_questionnaires_a_randomised_trial_of_variations_in_design?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_6041764","summary":"Objective To identify methods to increase response to postal questionnaires. Design Systematic review of randomised controlled trials of any method to influence response to postal questionnaires. Studies reviewed 292 randomised controlled trials including 258 315 participants Intervention reviewed 75 strategies for influencing response to postal questionnaires.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49043540,"asset_id":6041764,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9073503,"first_name":"Yvonne","last_name":"Birks","domain_name":"york","page_name":"YvonneBirks","display_name":"Yvonne Birks","profile_url":"https://york.academia.edu/YvonneBirks?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9073503/18737623/18698885/s65_yvonne.birks.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2066,"name":"Research Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":27659,"name":"Applied Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Economics?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":40593,"name":"British medical history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_medical_history?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":46406,"name":"Motivation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Motivation?f_ri=25940"},{"id":63997,"name":"Osteoporosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Osteoporosis?f_ri=25940"},{"id":135005,"name":"Patient Compliance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patient_Compliance?f_ri=25940"},{"id":153168,"name":"Data Collection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Collection?f_ri=25940"},{"id":192721,"name":"Risk factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_factors?f_ri=25940"},{"id":194055,"name":"Randomised Controlled Trial","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Randomised_Controlled_Trial?f_ri=25940"},{"id":221411,"name":"Systematic review","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Systematic_review?f_ri=25940"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=25940"},{"id":291274,"name":"Great Britain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Great_Britain?f_ri=25940"},{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=25940"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=25940"},{"id":475235,"name":"BMJ","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/BMJ?f_ri=25940"},{"id":571643,"name":"Postal Service","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Postal_Service?f_ri=25940"},{"id":620049,"name":"Risk Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Factors-1?f_ri=25940"},{"id":936874,"name":"Bias (Epidemiology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bias_Epidemiology_?f_ri=25940"},{"id":2482506,"name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Randomized_Controlled_Trials_as_Topic?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8191743" data-work_id="8191743" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8191743/Split_Questionnaire_Design_for_Massive_Surveys">Split Questionnaire Design for Massive Surveys</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We start describing the procedure that is used to generate the between-block designs. We assume that if there are N individuals and Q questions, then N/K individuals will be assigned randomly to each of the K splits. Each alternative... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_8191743" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We start describing the procedure that is used to generate the between-block designs. We assume that if there are N individuals and Q questions, then N/K individuals will be assigned randomly to each of the K splits. Each alternative split questionnaire design then consists of an N x Q matrix D with K different split patterns. Each entry in the matrix D is a 0 or 1, indicating whether a question is included or excluded in that particular split. In constructing between-block designs, we constrain all questions in one block to be assigned to the same respondent. That is, if we have five blocks with four questions and one particular split at the block-level is [11010], we will use d ij =[1111 1111 0000 1111 0000] as a row in the design matrix D. The proposed procedure to construct split questionnaire designs operates as follows.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8191743" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e9dc6befbb5f5483c534fc4677220362" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48188585,"asset_id":8191743,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48188585/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16048283" href="https://eur.academia.edu/ferayadiguzel">feray adiguzel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16048283" type="text/json">{"id":16048283,"first_name":"feray","last_name":"adiguzel","domain_name":"eur","page_name":"ferayadiguzel","display_name":"feray adiguzel","profile_url":"https://eur.academia.edu/ferayadiguzel?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8191743 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8191743"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8191743, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8191743", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=8191743]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_8191743").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_8191743").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="8191743"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="39" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing">Marketing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="39" type="text/json">{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1236957" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Block_Design">Block Design</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1236957" type="text/json">{"id":1236957,"name":"Block Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Block_Design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8191743]'), work: {"id":8191743,"title":"Split Questionnaire Design for Massive Surveys","created_at":"2014-09-03T21:08:34.572-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8191743/Split_Questionnaire_Design_for_Massive_Surveys?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_8191743","summary":"We start describing the procedure that is used to generate the between-block designs. We assume that if there are N individuals and Q questions, then N/K individuals will be assigned randomly to each of the K splits. Each alternative split questionnaire design then consists of an N x Q matrix D with K different split patterns. Each entry in the matrix D is a 0 or 1, indicating whether a question is included or excluded in that particular split. In constructing between-block designs, we constrain all questions in one block to be assigned to the same respondent. That is, if we have five blocks with four questions and one particular split at the block-level is [11010], we will use d ij =[1111 1111 0000 1111 0000] as a row in the design matrix D. The proposed procedure to construct split questionnaire designs operates as follows.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48188585,"asset_id":8191743,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16048283,"first_name":"feray","last_name":"adiguzel","domain_name":"eur","page_name":"ferayadiguzel","display_name":"feray adiguzel","profile_url":"https://eur.academia.edu/ferayadiguzel?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":1236957,"name":"Block Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Block_Design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_16284590 coauthored" data-work_id="16284590" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/16284590/Indice_de_masa_corporal_y_percepci%C3%B3n_de_la_imagen_corporal_en_una_poblaci%C3%B3n_adulta_mexicana_la_precisi%C3%B3n_del_autorreporte">Indice de masa corporal y percepción de la imagen corporal en una población adulta mexicana: la precisión del autorreporte</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/16284590" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f0eb20fb3cb5176d993773bec30c36d5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42565980,"asset_id":16284590,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42565980/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="35378798" href="https://uas.academia.edu/IgnacioOsuna">Ignacio Osuna</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="35378798" type="text/json">{"id":35378798,"first_name":"Ignacio","last_name":"Osuna","domain_name":"uas","page_name":"IgnacioOsuna","display_name":"Ignacio Osuna","profile_url":"https://uas.academia.edu/IgnacioOsuna?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-16284590">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-16284590"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/CampuzanoJulio">Julio Campuzano</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-16284590'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return 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autorreporte","created_at":"2015-09-28T20:49:19.952-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/16284590/Indice_de_masa_corporal_y_percepci%C3%B3n_de_la_imagen_corporal_en_una_poblaci%C3%B3n_adulta_mexicana_la_precisi%C3%B3n_del_autorreporte?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_16284590","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42565980,"asset_id":16284590,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":35378798,"first_name":"Ignacio","last_name":"Osuna","domain_name":"uas","page_name":"IgnacioOsuna","display_name":"Ignacio Osuna","profile_url":"https://uas.academia.edu/IgnacioOsuna?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":35481454,"first_name":"Julio","last_name":"Campuzano","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"CampuzanoJulio","display_name":"Julio Campuzano","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/CampuzanoJulio?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":12693,"name":"Body 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Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Factors-1?f_ri=25940"},{"id":1268669,"name":"Seguimiento","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seguimiento?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17597718" data-work_id="17597718" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17597718/Behavioral_Frequency_Judgments_An_Accessibility_Diagnosticity_Framework">Behavioral Frequency Judgments: An Accessibility-Diagnosticity Framework</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" 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InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="23978036" href="https://usc.academia.edu/NorbertSchwarz">Norbert Schwarz</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="23978036" type="text/json">{"id":23978036,"first_name":"Norbert","last_name":"Schwarz","domain_name":"usc","page_name":"NorbertSchwarz","display_name":"Norbert Schwarz","profile_url":"https://usc.academia.edu/NorbertSchwarz?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23978036/6473763/7321516/s65_norbert.schwarz.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17597718 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17597718"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17597718, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17597718", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_17597718 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17597718; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_17597718"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_17597718 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17597718"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17597718; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17597718]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_17597718").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_17597718").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17597718"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="39" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing">Marketing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="39" type="text/json">{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="43883" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tourism">Tourism</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="43883" type="text/json">{"id":43883,"name":"Tourism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tourism?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17597718]'), work: {"id":17597718,"title":"Behavioral Frequency Judgments: An Accessibility-Diagnosticity Framework","created_at":"2015-11-02T00:37:51.996-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/17597718/Behavioral_Frequency_Judgments_An_Accessibility_Diagnosticity_Framework?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_17597718","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42017399,"asset_id":17597718,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":23978036,"first_name":"Norbert","last_name":"Schwarz","domain_name":"usc","page_name":"NorbertSchwarz","display_name":"Norbert Schwarz","profile_url":"https://usc.academia.edu/NorbertSchwarz?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23978036/6473763/7321516/s65_norbert.schwarz.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":43883,"name":"Tourism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tourism?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":62928,"name":"Consumer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consumer?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17864274" data-work_id="17864274" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17864274/The_importance_of_nurse_caring_behaviors_as_perceived_by_patients_receiving_care_at_an_emergency_department">The importance of nurse caring behaviors as perceived by patients receiving care at an emergency department</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">BACKGROUND: Increased workload at the emergency department (ED) and the shortage of nurses may leave some patients without proper care. The importance of patients' perceptions of caring is vital when organizing nursing practice under such... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_17864274" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">BACKGROUND: Increased workload at the emergency department (ED) and the shortage of nurses may leave some patients without proper care. The importance of patients' perceptions of caring is vital when organizing nursing practice under such circumstances.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17864274" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="060632dfc74fb5abd7e66fb3d6d81914" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39751197,"asset_id":17864274,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39751197/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37776832" href="https://hi.academia.edu/HelgaJonsdottir">Helga Jonsdottir</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37776832" type="text/json">{"id":37776832,"first_name":"Helga","last_name":"Jonsdottir","domain_name":"hi","page_name":"HelgaJonsdottir","display_name":"Helga Jonsdottir","profile_url":"https://hi.academia.edu/HelgaJonsdottir?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/37776832/70894664/59326343/s65_helga.jonsdottir.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17864274 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17864274"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17864274, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17864274", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_17864274 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17864274; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_17864274"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_17864274 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17864274"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17864274; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17864274]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_17864274").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_17864274").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17864274"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="588" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nursing">Nursing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="588" type="text/json">{"id":588,"name":"Nursing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nursing?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8974" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quality_of_Mental_Health_Care">Quality of Mental Health Care</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8974" type="text/json">{"id":8974,"name":"Quality of Mental Health Care","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quality_of_Mental_Health_Care?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="44886" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Empathy">Empathy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="44886" type="text/json">{"id":44886,"name":"Empathy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Empathy?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17864274]'), work: {"id":17864274,"title":"The importance of nurse caring behaviors as perceived by patients receiving care at an emergency department","created_at":"2015-11-06T07:21:46.464-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/17864274/The_importance_of_nurse_caring_behaviors_as_perceived_by_patients_receiving_care_at_an_emergency_department?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_17864274","summary":"BACKGROUND: Increased workload at the emergency department (ED) and the shortage of nurses may leave some patients without proper care. The importance of patients' perceptions of caring is vital when organizing nursing practice under such circumstances.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39751197,"asset_id":17864274,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37776832,"first_name":"Helga","last_name":"Jonsdottir","domain_name":"hi","page_name":"HelgaJonsdottir","display_name":"Helga Jonsdottir","profile_url":"https://hi.academia.edu/HelgaJonsdottir?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/37776832/70894664/59326343/s65_helga.jonsdottir.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":588,"name":"Nursing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nursing?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":8974,"name":"Quality of Mental Health Care","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quality_of_Mental_Health_Care?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":44886,"name":"Empathy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Empathy?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":45716,"name":"Iceland","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iceland?f_ri=25940"},{"id":144052,"name":"Patient Satisfaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patient_Satisfaction?f_ri=25940"},{"id":144053,"name":"Nursing Care","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nursing_Care?f_ri=25940"},{"id":412636,"name":"Theoretical Framework","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_Framework?f_ri=25940"},{"id":704648,"name":"Clinical Competence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Competence?f_ri=25940"},{"id":830750,"name":"Assessment Tool","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assessment_Tool?f_ri=25940"},{"id":1435137,"name":"Emergency Department","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emergency_Department?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7900601" data-work_id="7900601" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7900601/Sex_education_in_secondary_schools_an_Italian_experience">Sex education in secondary schools: an Italian experience</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Methods: The program consisted of five workshops in five public secondary schools in Rome. The impact of the program was evaluated with three questionnaires designed for this study. A pretest evaluated baseline knowledge, a posttest... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7900601" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Methods: The program consisted of five workshops in five public secondary schools in Rome. The impact of the program was evaluated with three questionnaires designed for this study. A pretest evaluated baseline knowledge, a posttest measured the gain in knowledge, and a third questionnaire estimated retention of information 4 -6 months later. Three hundred seventy-six students attending secondary school participated in the program. Thirteen questions were selected for the analysis, and improvement was measured by the difference between pretest and posttest scores.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7900601" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="43e89d97752414d7159b10fab6f71e7b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48296801,"asset_id":7900601,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48296801/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="14795533" href="https://independent.academia.edu/michelegrandolfo">michele grandolfo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="14795533" type="text/json">{"id":14795533,"first_name":"michele","last_name":"grandolfo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"michelegrandolfo","display_name":"michele grandolfo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/michelegrandolfo?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14795533/4033974/4707923/s65_michele.grandolfo.jpg_oh_127c4a665471df9f6ee7a3e63e8a3194_oe_544f123d___gda___1414648301_3fd3f59641b2ade64d087984b1a3afd7"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7900601 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7900601"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7900601, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7900601", }); 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href="https://www.academia.edu/25502123/Logo_design_questionnaire_example">Logo design questionnaire example</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Sdasd</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/25502123" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ce34377409b60371adee61b9d98db967" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45822498,"asset_id":25502123,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45822498/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="49031262" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IshrakRafi">Ishrak Rafi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="49031262" type="text/json">{"id":49031262,"first_name":"Ishrak","last_name":"Rafi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IshrakRafi","display_name":"Ishrak Rafi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IshrakRafi?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/49031262/22661096/21840804/s65_ishrak.rafi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_25502123 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="25502123"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 25502123, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_25502123", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_25502123 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 25502123; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = 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style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="25502123"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=25502123]'), work: {"id":25502123,"title":"Logo design questionnaire 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itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3381356/Validaci%C3%B3n_de_la_versi%C3%B3n_traducida_del_Chronic_Obstructive_Pulmonary_Disease_Population_Screener_COPD_PS_Su_utilidad_y_la_del_FEV_1_FEV_6_para_el_diagn%C3%B3stico_de_enfermedad_pulmonar_obstructiva_cr%C3%B3nica">Validación de la versión traducida del Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-Population Screener (COPD-PS). Su utilidad y la del FEV 1/FEV 6 para el diagnóstico de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) es una patología de elevado infradiagnóstico. La utilización de cuestionarios breves diseñados para detectar casos de posible obstrucción crónica al flujo aéreo puede ayudar en el... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3381356" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) es una patología de elevado infradiagnóstico. La utilización de cuestionarios breves diseñados para detectar casos de posible obstrucción crónica al flujo aéreo puede ayudar en el diagnóstico temprano de la EPOC.Estudio epidemiológico observacional y transversal de validación de la versión traducida y adaptada del cuestionario Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-Population Screener (COPD-PS). Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos y clínicos, así como las respuestas a los cuestionarios COPD-PS y EQ-5D y el parámetro volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo/volumen espiratorio forzado en 6 segundos (FEV1/FEV6) medido mediante el dispositivo COPD-6. Se estudiaron las propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario y la capacidad diagnóstica del cociente FEV1/FEV6 tomando como referencia el cociente FEV1/capacidad vital forzada (FEV1/FVC) posbroncodilatador < 0,7.Participaron 10 centros de atención primaria que incluyeron 94 controles y 79 casos con obstrucción crónica al flujo aéreo. Las características del cuestionario fueron: factibilidad, 2,3% de los participantes no contestó algún ítem; el tiempo medio de cumplimentación fue de 47,7 segundos; el 4,1% de la muestra obtuvo puntuación cero. Validez, correlación moderada con puntuaciones del cuestionario EQ-5D y moderada-alta con el FEV1; la puntuación en el cuestionario se asoció con todos los parámetros indicativos de EPOC estudiados. El punto de corte 4 presentó el mejor balance sensibilidad/especificidad y un 78% de individuos correctamente clasificados. Para el cociente FEV1/FEV6 un punto de corte de 0,75 clasifica correctamente al 85% de los individuos.El cuestionario COPD-PS demostró buenas propiedades psicométricas. Un punto de corte 4 presenta propiedades predictivas óptimas. El cociente FEV1/FEV6 < 0,75 ofrece una excelente correlación con el cociente FEV1/FVC y es útil para el cribado de obstrucción crónica al flujo aéreo.The chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a highly undiagnosed disease. The use of short screening questionnaires designed to detect chronic airflow obstruction may help to the early diagnosis of COPD.This was an observational, cross-sectional epidemiological study aimed to validate the translated into Spanish version of the COPD-PS questionnaire. Socio-demographic and clinical data of participants were collected, as well as their answers to the COPD-PS and EQ-5D questionnaires. The ratio FEV1/FEV6 was measured with the COPD-6 device. The psychometric properties of the questionnaire and the diagnostic yield of the FEV1/FEV6 ratio were analysed, both referred to the gold standard of post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC < 0.7.Ten primary care centers participated in the study and included 94 controls and 79 cases with chronic airflow obstruction. Questionnaire characteristics were: feasibility, 2.3% of participants did not answer at least one item; mean time to fill the questionnaire was 47.7 seconds; 4.7% of individuals had a 0 score. Validity, moderate correlation with EQ-5D scores and moderate-high with FEV1; the scores of COPD-PS were related to all parameters associated with COPD. A cut off of 4 units had the best sensitivity/specificity ratio and correctly classified 78% of participants. For the FEV1/FEV6 ratio, a cut off of 0.75 correctly classified 85% of individuals.The COPD-PS questionnaire demonstrated good psychometric properties. A cut off score of 4 has excellent predictive value. A ratio of 0.75 in the FEV1/FEV6 provides an excellent correlation with the ratio FEV1/FVC and is useful for the identification of individuals with chronic airflow obstruction.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3381356" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0876577138964ec5014744cf4a0130e3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50308386,"asset_id":3381356,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50308386/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2874778" href="https://uam.academia.edu/EduardoCalvo">Eduardo Calvo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2874778" type="text/json">{"id":2874778,"first_name":"Eduardo","last_name":"Calvo","domain_name":"uam","page_name":"EduardoCalvo","display_name":"Eduardo Calvo","profile_url":"https://uam.academia.edu/EduardoCalvo?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3381356 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3381356"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3381356, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3381356", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3381356]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_3381356").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_3381356").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3381356"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2599" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychometrics">Psychometrics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2599" type="text/json">{"id":2599,"name":"Psychometrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychometrics?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="40516" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spain">Spain</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="40516" type="text/json">{"id":40516,"name":"Spain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spain?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="138027" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Translating">Translating</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="138027" type="text/json">{"id":138027,"name":"Translating","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Translating?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3381356]'), work: {"id":3381356,"title":"Validación de la versión traducida del Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-Population Screener (COPD-PS). Su utilidad y la del FEV 1/FEV 6 para el diagnóstico de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica","created_at":"2013-04-24T21:51:40.033-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3381356/Validaci%C3%B3n_de_la_versi%C3%B3n_traducida_del_Chronic_Obstructive_Pulmonary_Disease_Population_Screener_COPD_PS_Su_utilidad_y_la_del_FEV_1_FEV_6_para_el_diagn%C3%B3stico_de_enfermedad_pulmonar_obstructiva_cr%C3%B3nica?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_3381356","summary":"La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) es una patología de elevado infradiagnóstico. La utilización de cuestionarios breves diseñados para detectar casos de posible obstrucción crónica al flujo aéreo puede ayudar en el diagnóstico temprano de la EPOC.Estudio epidemiológico observacional y transversal de validación de la versión traducida y adaptada del cuestionario Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-Population Screener (COPD-PS). Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos y clínicos, así como las respuestas a los cuestionarios COPD-PS y EQ-5D y el parámetro volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo/volumen espiratorio forzado en 6 segundos (FEV1/FEV6) medido mediante el dispositivo COPD-6. Se estudiaron las propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario y la capacidad diagnóstica del cociente FEV1/FEV6 tomando como referencia el cociente FEV1/capacidad vital forzada (FEV1/FVC) posbroncodilatador \u003c 0,7.Participaron 10 centros de atención primaria que incluyeron 94 controles y 79 casos con obstrucción crónica al flujo aéreo. Las características del cuestionario fueron: factibilidad, 2,3% de los participantes no contestó algún ítem; el tiempo medio de cumplimentación fue de 47,7 segundos; el 4,1% de la muestra obtuvo puntuación cero. Validez, correlación moderada con puntuaciones del cuestionario EQ-5D y moderada-alta con el FEV1; la puntuación en el cuestionario se asoció con todos los parámetros indicativos de EPOC estudiados. El punto de corte 4 presentó el mejor balance sensibilidad/especificidad y un 78% de individuos correctamente clasificados. Para el cociente FEV1/FEV6 un punto de corte de 0,75 clasifica correctamente al 85% de los individuos.El cuestionario COPD-PS demostró buenas propiedades psicométricas. Un punto de corte 4 presenta propiedades predictivas óptimas. El cociente FEV1/FEV6 \u003c 0,75 ofrece una excelente correlación con el cociente FEV1/FVC y es útil para el cribado de obstrucción crónica al flujo aéreo.The chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a highly undiagnosed disease. The use of short screening questionnaires designed to detect chronic airflow obstruction may help to the early diagnosis of COPD.This was an observational, cross-sectional epidemiological study aimed to validate the translated into Spanish version of the COPD-PS questionnaire. Socio-demographic and clinical data of participants were collected, as well as their answers to the COPD-PS and EQ-5D questionnaires. The ratio FEV1/FEV6 was measured with the COPD-6 device. The psychometric properties of the questionnaire and the diagnostic yield of the FEV1/FEV6 ratio were analysed, both referred to the gold standard of post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC \u003c 0.7.Ten primary care centers participated in the study and included 94 controls and 79 cases with chronic airflow obstruction. Questionnaire characteristics were: feasibility, 2.3% of participants did not answer at least one item; mean time to fill the questionnaire was 47.7 seconds; 4.7% of individuals had a 0 score. Validity, moderate correlation with EQ-5D scores and moderate-high with FEV1; the scores of COPD-PS were related to all parameters associated with COPD. A cut off of 4 units had the best sensitivity/specificity ratio and correctly classified 78% of participants. For the FEV1/FEV6 ratio, a cut off of 0.75 correctly classified 85% of individuals.The COPD-PS questionnaire demonstrated good psychometric properties. A cut off score of 4 has excellent predictive value. A ratio of 0.75 in the FEV1/FEV6 provides an excellent correlation with the ratio FEV1/FVC and is useful for the identification of individuals with chronic airflow obstruction.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50308386,"asset_id":3381356,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2874778,"first_name":"Eduardo","last_name":"Calvo","domain_name":"uam","page_name":"EduardoCalvo","display_name":"Eduardo Calvo","profile_url":"https://uam.academia.edu/EduardoCalvo?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2599,"name":"Psychometrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychometrics?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":40516,"name":"Spain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spain?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":138027,"name":"Translating","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Translating?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=25940"},{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=25940"},{"id":549280,"name":"Reproducibility of Results","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproducibility_of_Results?f_ri=25940"},{"id":556576,"name":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chronic_obstructive_pulmonary_disease?f_ri=25940"},{"id":901876,"name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sensitivity_and_Specificity?f_ri=25940"},{"id":1013018,"name":"Medicina Clinica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicina_Clinica?f_ri=25940"},{"id":1034181,"name":"Cross Sectional Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross_Sectional_Studies?f_ri=25940"},{"id":1217494,"name":"Early Diagnosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Diagnosis?f_ri=25940"},{"id":1309706,"name":"Area Under Curve","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Area_Under_Curve?f_ri=25940"},{"id":1318932,"name":"Predictive value of tests","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predictive_value_of_tests?f_ri=25940"},{"id":2345130,"name":"Socioeconomic Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Socioeconomic_Factors?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13964003" data-work_id="13964003" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13964003/Reproducibility_and_validity_of_the_secondary_level_School_Based_Nutrition_Monitoring_student_questionnaire">Reproducibility and validity of the secondary level School-Based Nutrition Monitoring student questionnaire</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Objective To evaluate the reproducibility and validity of the School-Based Nutrition Monitoring (SBNM) secondary level student questionnaire. Design Reproducibility was evaluated using a test-retest study design by administering the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13964003" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Objective To evaluate the reproducibility and validity of the School-Based Nutrition Monitoring (SBNM) secondary level student questionnaire. Design Reproducibility was evaluated using a test-retest study design by administering the questionnaire on the same day (morning and afternoon, nϭ254) and, when appropriate, 9 to 14 days apart (nϭ259). Validity was assessed by comparing foods selected on the questionnaire with foods reported from a single 24-hour recall covering the same referent period (yesterday) in 209 students. Subjects/setting Eighth grade students in middle schools from central Texas were used: male and female, approximately 75% white, for the reproducibility study, with 15% Hispanic, 6% African American; for the validation study, approximately 38% white, 41% Hispanic, and 17% African American. Statistical analysis Spearman rank order correlation, statistic, and percentage agreement were used for both reproducibility and the validation. Results For the reproducibility study, agreement for questions about food intake "yesterday" were 70% to 98%, with statistics ranging from 0.54 to 0.93 and correlations between 0.66 and 0.97. Questions on recent physical activity had high agreement (66% to 89%) as did "usual" physical activity items, weight loss, and food selection behaviors. Nutrition knowledge items showed relatively weaker reliability: agreements ranged from 47% to 92%, with statistics between 0.30 and 0.56. Attitude questions had weaker agreement (50% to 87%), statistics (0.27 to 0.52), and correlations (0.33 to 0.63). For the validation study, correlation coefficients ranged from 0.32 for breads to 0.68 for milk and beans. Percentage agreement ranged from 38% for breads to 89% for gravy. Applications/conclusions Most questions on the SBNM secondary questionnaire were found to have acceptable reproducibility, whereas validation of food choice behaviors showed results similar to or better than other dietary assessment instruments for this age group. This questionnaire is a useful epidemiologic tool for surveillance, assessing broad intervention effects among groups or providing needs assessment data on selected nutrition and physical activity-related constructs.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13964003" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c0d07844cbea59c9be22b0ddaa54aa2d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44759504,"asset_id":13964003,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44759504/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33013470" href="https://tmc.academia.edu/DeannaHoelscher">Deanna Hoelscher</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33013470" type="text/json">{"id":33013470,"first_name":"Deanna","last_name":"Hoelscher","domain_name":"tmc","page_name":"DeannaHoelscher","display_name":"Deanna Hoelscher","profile_url":"https://tmc.academia.edu/DeannaHoelscher?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13964003 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13964003"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13964003, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13964003", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=13964003]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_13964003").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_13964003").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="13964003"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">30</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1085" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology">Epidemiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1085" type="text/json">{"id":1085,"name":"Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1907" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutrition">Nutrition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1907" type="text/json">{"id":1907,"name":"Nutrition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutrition?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3243" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nonparametric_Statistics">Nonparametric Statistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3243" type="text/json">{"id":3243,"name":"Nonparametric Statistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nonparametric_Statistics?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5187" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistical_Analysis">Statistical Analysis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5187" type="text/json">{"id":5187,"name":"Statistical Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistical_Analysis?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13964003]'), work: {"id":13964003,"title":"Reproducibility and validity of the secondary level School-Based Nutrition Monitoring student questionnaire","created_at":"2015-07-12T18:24:00.054-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13964003/Reproducibility_and_validity_of_the_secondary_level_School_Based_Nutrition_Monitoring_student_questionnaire?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_13964003","summary":"Objective To evaluate the reproducibility and validity of the School-Based Nutrition Monitoring (SBNM) secondary level student questionnaire. Design Reproducibility was evaluated using a test-retest study design by administering the questionnaire on the same day (morning and afternoon, nϭ254) and, when appropriate, 9 to 14 days apart (nϭ259). Validity was assessed by comparing foods selected on the questionnaire with foods reported from a single 24-hour recall covering the same referent period (yesterday) in 209 students. Subjects/setting Eighth grade students in middle schools from central Texas were used: male and female, approximately 75% white, for the reproducibility study, with 15% Hispanic, 6% African American; for the validation study, approximately 38% white, 41% Hispanic, and 17% African American. Statistical analysis Spearman rank order correlation, statistic, and percentage agreement were used for both reproducibility and the validation. Results For the reproducibility study, agreement for questions about food intake \"yesterday\" were 70% to 98%, with statistics ranging from 0.54 to 0.93 and correlations between 0.66 and 0.97. Questions on recent physical activity had high agreement (66% to 89%) as did \"usual\" physical activity items, weight loss, and food selection behaviors. Nutrition knowledge items showed relatively weaker reliability: agreements ranged from 47% to 92%, with statistics between 0.30 and 0.56. Attitude questions had weaker agreement (50% to 87%), statistics (0.27 to 0.52), and correlations (0.33 to 0.63). For the validation study, correlation coefficients ranged from 0.32 for breads to 0.68 for milk and beans. Percentage agreement ranged from 38% for breads to 89% for gravy. Applications/conclusions Most questions on the SBNM secondary questionnaire were found to have acceptable reproducibility, whereas validation of food choice behaviors showed results similar to or better than other dietary assessment instruments for this age group. This questionnaire is a useful epidemiologic tool for surveillance, assessing broad intervention effects among groups or providing needs assessment data on selected nutrition and physical activity-related constructs.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44759504,"asset_id":13964003,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33013470,"first_name":"Deanna","last_name":"Hoelscher","domain_name":"tmc","page_name":"DeannaHoelscher","display_name":"Deanna Hoelscher","profile_url":"https://tmc.academia.edu/DeannaHoelscher?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1085,"name":"Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":1907,"name":"Nutrition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutrition?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":3243,"name":"Nonparametric 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Loss","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Weight_Loss?f_ri=25940"},{"id":123506,"name":"Reliability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reliability?f_ri=25940"},{"id":127182,"name":"Self Disclosure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_Disclosure?f_ri=25940"},{"id":135185,"name":"Exercise","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exercise?f_ri=25940"},{"id":233800,"name":"African Americans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Americans?f_ri=25940"},{"id":241044,"name":"Food intake","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_intake?f_ri=25940"},{"id":324399,"name":"Dietary Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dietary_Assessment?f_ri=25940"},{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=25940"},{"id":357466,"name":"Validation Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Validation_Studies?f_ri=25940"},{"id":369093,"name":"Food 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Groups","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Age_Groups?f_ri=25940"},{"id":1529835,"name":"Choice Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Choice_Behavior?f_ri=25940"},{"id":1863718,"name":"The American","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_American?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13329880" data-work_id="13329880" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13329880/Airport_separations_A_naturalistic_study_of_adult_attachment_dynamics_in_separating_couples">Airport separations: A naturalistic study of adult attachment dynamics in separating couples</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Couple members separating and not separating from each other in a public airport completed a questionnaire designed to assess relationship length, attachment style, and degree of subjective distress. After they completed these measures,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13329880" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Couple members separating and not separating from each other in a public airport completed a questionnaire designed to assess relationship length, attachment style, and degree of subjective distress. After they completed these measures, their attachment behavior was observed unobtrusively. Analyses suggested that adult attachment behavior is organized in a manner similar to that observed in children. Relationship length and separation status were associated with the expression of attachment behavior in adults. Analyses also indicated that women with Anxious working models were more likely to experience distress prior to a separation. But the behavioral strategies exhibited by women varied as a function of Avoidant, not Anxious, working models. Results for men were less clear. Implications for adult attachment theory and research are discussed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13329880" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7aae5877ddcab2d7138f01479d709778" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45459030,"asset_id":13329880,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45459030/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32570591" href="https://ucdavis.academia.edu/PhillipShaver">Phillip Shaver</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32570591" type="text/json">{"id":32570591,"first_name":"Phillip","last_name":"Shaver","domain_name":"ucdavis","page_name":"PhillipShaver","display_name":"Phillip Shaver","profile_url":"https://ucdavis.academia.edu/PhillipShaver?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13329880 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13329880"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13329880, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13329880", }); 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Mit Hilfe dieser Kenntnisse soll der Leser Umfragen sowohl kritisch beurteilen als auch selbst nach den gültigen wissenschaftlichen... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6785126" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Das Buch vermittelt theoretische Grundlagen und praxisnahe Kenntnisse zu wissenschaftlichen Umfragen. Mit Hilfe dieser Kenntnisse soll der Leser Umfragen sowohl kritisch beurteilen als auch selbst nach den gültigen wissenschaftlichen Standards durchführen können. Damit soll dem in den letzten Jahren zunehmenden Problem mangelnder Gültigkeit und Zuverlässigkeit von Befragungsdaten entgegengewirkt werden. <br />Der Schwerpunkt liegt auf Hinweisen zur Formulierung von Fragen und zur Konstruktion von Fragebögen, daneben werden aber auch viele andere Probleme behandelt, wie z.B. Fragen des Forschungsdesigns oder der Planung und Durchführung der Feldarbeit. Neben postalischen, persönlichen und telefonischen Befragungen werden in der zweiten Auflage auch Online-Befragungen behandelt. Das Buch soll damit die Lücke zwischen allgemeinen Lehrbüchern zur empirischen Sozialforschung einerseits und speziellen Lehr- und Handbüchern zur Datenanalyse andererseits schließen.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6785126" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="22e31f423ad6f9d245b395b13ee6ecd4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36151297,"asset_id":6785126,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36151297/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11212227" href="https://uni-lu.academia.edu/JeanPhilippeDecieux">Jean Philippe Decieux</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11212227" type="text/json">{"id":11212227,"first_name":"Jean Philippe","last_name":"Decieux","domain_name":"uni-lu","page_name":"JeanPhilippeDecieux","display_name":"Jean Philippe Decieux","profile_url":"https://uni-lu.academia.edu/JeanPhilippeDecieux?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11212227/6203126/7027898/s65_jean_philippe.decieux.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6785126 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6785126"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6785126, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6785126", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6785126]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6785126").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6785126").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6785126"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1230" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Research_Methods_and_Methodology">Social Research Methods and Methodology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1230" type="text/json">{"id":1230,"name":"Social Research Methods and Methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Research_Methods_and_Methodology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2065" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Methodology">Research Methodology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2065" type="text/json">{"id":2065,"name":"Research Methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Methodology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4205" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Analysis">Data Analysis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4205" type="text/json">{"id":4205,"name":"Data Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Analysis?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10669" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Survey_Methodology">Survey Methodology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="10669" type="text/json">{"id":10669,"name":"Survey Methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Survey_Methodology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6785126]'), work: {"id":6785126,"title":"Umfrage: Einführung in die Methoden der Umfrageforschung","created_at":"2014-04-17T00:21:07.519-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6785126/Umfrage_Einf%C3%BChrung_in_die_Methoden_der_Umfrageforschung?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_6785126","summary":"Das Buch vermittelt theoretische Grundlagen und praxisnahe Kenntnisse zu wissenschaftlichen Umfragen. Mit Hilfe dieser Kenntnisse soll der Leser Umfragen sowohl kritisch beurteilen als auch selbst nach den gültigen wissenschaftlichen Standards durchführen können. Damit soll dem in den letzten Jahren zunehmenden Problem mangelnder Gültigkeit und Zuverlässigkeit von Befragungsdaten entgegengewirkt werden.\r\nDer Schwerpunkt liegt auf Hinweisen zur Formulierung von Fragen und zur Konstruktion von Fragebögen, daneben werden aber auch viele andere Probleme behandelt, wie z.B. Fragen des Forschungsdesigns oder der Planung und Durchführung der Feldarbeit. Neben postalischen, persönlichen und telefonischen Befragungen werden in der zweiten Auflage auch Online-Befragungen behandelt. Das Buch soll damit die Lücke zwischen allgemeinen Lehrbüchern zur empirischen Sozialforschung einerseits und speziellen Lehr- und Handbüchern zur Datenanalyse andererseits schließen.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36151297,"asset_id":6785126,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11212227,"first_name":"Jean Philippe","last_name":"Decieux","domain_name":"uni-lu","page_name":"JeanPhilippeDecieux","display_name":"Jean Philippe Decieux","profile_url":"https://uni-lu.academia.edu/JeanPhilippeDecieux?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11212227/6203126/7027898/s65_jean_philippe.decieux.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1230,"name":"Social Research Methods and Methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Research_Methods_and_Methodology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":2065,"name":"Research Methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Methodology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":4205,"name":"Data Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Analysis?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":10669,"name":"Survey Methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Survey_Methodology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":11847,"name":"Quantitative Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantitative_Research?f_ri=25940"},{"id":12620,"name":"Quantitative Methods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantitative_Methods?f_ri=25940"},{"id":14238,"name":"Survey Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Survey_Research?f_ri=25940"},{"id":20367,"name":"Survey Research (Research Methodology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Survey_Research_Research_Methodology_?f_ri=25940"},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940"},{"id":235090,"name":"Online Surveys","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Online_Surveys?f_ri=25940"},{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=25940"},{"id":366865,"name":"Empirical Methods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Empirical_Methods?f_ri=25940"},{"id":1820101,"name":"Onlineumfrage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Onlineumfrage?f_ri=25940"},{"id":1820102,"name":"Fragebogen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fragebogen?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3371471" data-work_id="3371471" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3371471/Use_of_information_and_communication_technologies_by_small_and_medium_sized_enterprises_SMEs_in_building_construction">Use of information and communication technologies by small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) in building construction</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Scholars usually agree that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) active in construction are not very innovative when compared with large-size construction enterprises. This is particularly evident in the case of adoption and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3371471" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Scholars usually agree that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) active in construction are not very innovative when compared with large-size construction enterprises. This is particularly evident in the case of adoption and diffusion of innovation associated with information and communication technologies (ICTs). Although ICTs are powerful instruments for the rapid and broader diffusion of technical knowledge, few SMEs are fully able to exploit their benefits. There is little evidence of how SMEs perceive ICTs and of the extent to which these technologies are actually used in the construction industry. There is a relationship between organizational size and the use of ICTs within the SMEs in the building construction sector in Turkey. A set of ICT variables comprising the perception, investment, usage and the software preferences of SMEs were analysed by making use of the data collected in a survey of a randomly selected sample of 227 building construction firms in Turkey. In contrast to the common approaches that consider SMEs as part of a homogeneous set of firms with similar characteristics, this study seeks the differences in ICT-related attitudes between SMEs of different sizes. Rather than using arbitrarily pre-defined intervals to classify firms by size, cluster analysis was used in this study. Although what emerges as a whole is the common under-utilization of ICTs by SMEs in building construction, 'organizational size' appears to explain some of the ICT-related attitude differences within these SMEs. Policy makers can consider using the findings of this study as inputs in their activities, as these findings represent a generic overview of the diffusion of new technologies and can assist in identifying future research directions.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3371471" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="66689af81b320a55debdca93009c7337" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31173691,"asset_id":3371471,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31173691/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3915963" href="https://istanbultek.academia.edu/EAcar">Emrah Acar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3915963" type="text/json">{"id":3915963,"first_name":"Emrah","last_name":"Acar","domain_name":"istanbultek","page_name":"EAcar","display_name":"Emrah Acar","profile_url":"https://istanbultek.academia.edu/EAcar?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3915963/1456939/14160773/s65_emrah.acar.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3371471 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3371471"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3371471, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3371471", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_3371471 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3371471; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_3371471"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_3371471 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3371471"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3371471; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3371471]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_3371471").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_3371471").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3371471"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">38</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="37" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Systems">Information Systems</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="37" type="text/json">{"id":37,"name":"Information Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Systems?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="596" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dentistry">Dentistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="596" type="text/json">{"id":596,"name":"Dentistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dentistry?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="724" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics">Economics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="724" type="text/json">{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3371471]'), work: {"id":3371471,"title":"Use of information and communication technologies by small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) in building construction","created_at":"2013-04-23T18:37:05.112-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3371471/Use_of_information_and_communication_technologies_by_small_and_medium_sized_enterprises_SMEs_in_building_construction?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_3371471","summary":"Scholars usually agree that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) active in construction are not very innovative when compared with large-size construction enterprises. This is particularly evident in the case of adoption and diffusion of innovation associated with information and communication technologies (ICTs). Although ICTs are powerful instruments for the rapid and broader diffusion of technical knowledge, few SMEs are fully able to exploit their benefits. There is little evidence of how SMEs perceive ICTs and of the extent to which these technologies are actually used in the construction industry. There is a relationship between organizational size and the use of ICTs within the SMEs in the building construction sector in Turkey. A set of ICT variables comprising the perception, investment, usage and the software preferences of SMEs were analysed by making use of the data collected in a survey of a randomly selected sample of 227 building construction firms in Turkey. In contrast to the common approaches that consider SMEs as part of a homogeneous set of firms with similar characteristics, this study seeks the differences in ICT-related attitudes between SMEs of different sizes. Rather than using arbitrarily pre-defined intervals to classify firms by size, cluster analysis was used in this study. Although what emerges as a whole is the common under-utilization of ICTs by SMEs in building construction, 'organizational size' appears to explain some of the ICT-related attitude differences within these SMEs. Policy makers can consider using the findings of this study as inputs in their activities, as these findings represent a generic overview of the diffusion of new technologies and can assist in identifying future research directions.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31173691,"asset_id":3371471,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3915963,"first_name":"Emrah","last_name":"Acar","domain_name":"istanbultek","page_name":"EAcar","display_name":"Emrah Acar","profile_url":"https://istanbultek.academia.edu/EAcar?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3915963/1456939/14160773/s65_emrah.acar.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":37,"name":"Information Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Systems?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":596,"name":"Dentistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dentistry?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":859,"name":"Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication?f_ri=25940"},{"id":887,"name":"Teaching and Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_and_Learning?f_ri=25940"},{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=25940"},{"id":1003,"name":"Educational Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Technology?f_ri=25940"},{"id":1601,"name":"Teacher 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itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32136826/Increasing_response_rates_to_postal_questionnaires_Effect_of_incentives_on_response_rates_must_be_considered">Increasing response rates to postal questionnaires. Effect of incentives on response rates must be considered</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Objective To identify methods to increase response to postal questionnaires. Design Systematic review of randomised controlled trials of any method to influence response to postal questionnaires. Studies reviewed 292 randomised controlled... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_32136826" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Objective To identify methods to increase response to postal questionnaires. Design Systematic review of randomised controlled trials of any method to influence response to postal questionnaires. Studies reviewed 292 randomised controlled trials including 258 315 participants Intervention reviewed 75 strategies for influencing response to postal questionnaires.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32136826" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7a4ad45641fe8db41ac882de750273d7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52379122,"asset_id":32136826,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52379122/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32982209" href="https://york.academia.edu/DavidTorgerson">David J Torgerson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32982209" type="text/json">{"id":32982209,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Torgerson","domain_name":"york","page_name":"DavidTorgerson","display_name":"David J Torgerson","profile_url":"https://york.academia.edu/DavidTorgerson?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_32136826 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="32136826"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 32136826, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_32136826", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_32136826 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32136826; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_32136826"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_32136826 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="32136826"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32136826; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=32136826]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_32136826").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_32136826").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32136826"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2066" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Design">Research Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2066" type="text/json">{"id":2066,"name":"Research Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="40593" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_medical_history">British medical history</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="40593" type="text/json">{"id":40593,"name":"British medical history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_medical_history?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="46406" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Motivation">Motivation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="46406" type="text/json">{"id":46406,"name":"Motivation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Motivation?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=32136826]'), work: {"id":32136826,"title":"Increasing response rates to postal questionnaires. Effect of incentives on response rates must be considered","created_at":"2017-03-30T00:48:58.453-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/32136826/Increasing_response_rates_to_postal_questionnaires_Effect_of_incentives_on_response_rates_must_be_considered?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_32136826","summary":"Objective To identify methods to increase response to postal questionnaires. Design Systematic review of randomised controlled trials of any method to influence response to postal questionnaires. Studies reviewed 292 randomised controlled trials including 258 315 participants Intervention reviewed 75 strategies for influencing response to postal questionnaires.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52379122,"asset_id":32136826,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32982209,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Torgerson","domain_name":"york","page_name":"DavidTorgerson","display_name":"David J Torgerson","profile_url":"https://york.academia.edu/DavidTorgerson?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2066,"name":"Research Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":40593,"name":"British medical history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_medical_history?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":46406,"name":"Motivation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Motivation?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":135005,"name":"Patient Compliance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patient_Compliance?f_ri=25940"},{"id":153168,"name":"Data Collection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Collection?f_ri=25940"},{"id":194055,"name":"Randomised Controlled Trial","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Randomised_Controlled_Trial?f_ri=25940"},{"id":221411,"name":"Systematic review","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Systematic_review?f_ri=25940"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=25940"},{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=25940"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=25940"},{"id":475235,"name":"BMJ","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/BMJ?f_ri=25940"},{"id":571643,"name":"Postal Service","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Postal_Service?f_ri=25940"},{"id":936874,"name":"Bias (Epidemiology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bias_Epidemiology_?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27111430 coauthored" data-work_id="27111430" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27111430/Survey_of_clinical_psychology_graduate_students_gender_attitudes_and_knowledge_Toward_gender_sensitive_psychotherapy_training">Survey of clinical psychology graduate students' gender attitudes and knowledge: Toward gender-sensitive psychotherapy training</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Th& study investigated the impact of education and training in gender issues on the attitudes and knowledge of clinical psychology graduate students regarding women in general, and women in psychotherapy in particular. A randomly selected... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_27111430" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Th& study investigated the impact of education and training in gender issues on the attitudes and knowledge of clinical psychology graduate students regarding women in general, and women in psychotherapy in particular. A randomly selected sample of graduate students (N = 514) from 42 clinical training programs in the United States and Canada were given a descriptive listing of courses and course content areas that addressed gender-sensitive issues and asked to note those they had been exposed to during their graduate training. In addition, participants responded to three questionnaires designed to be sensitive to gender bias and containing gender-relevant information important for psychotherapists. Significant main effects for gender, level of training (year in graduate school), and the presence of coursework addressing gender-sensitive issues were found. The implications of these findings are discussed and a model for the training of gender sensitive clinicians is proposed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27111430" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="af579784b67dacccb75c04a32bde0a6f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47361756,"asset_id":27111430,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47361756/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="51162156" href="https://isluportal.academia.edu/PaulHandal">Paul Handal</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="51162156" type="text/json">{"id":51162156,"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Handal","domain_name":"isluportal","page_name":"PaulHandal","display_name":"Paul Handal","profile_url":"https://isluportal.academia.edu/PaulHandal?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-27111430">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-27111430"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://lssu.academia.edu/RussellSearight">Russell Searight</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-27111430'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-27111430').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27111430 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27111430"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27111430, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27111430", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_27111430 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27111430; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_27111430"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_27111430 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27111430"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27111430; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27111430]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_27111430").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_27111430").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="27111430"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="226" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Psychology">Clinical Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="226" type="text/json">{"id":226,"name":"Clinical Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72781" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Issues">Gender Issues</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="72781" type="text/json">{"id":72781,"name":"Gender Issues","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Issues?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=27111430]'), work: {"id":27111430,"title":"Survey of clinical psychology graduate students' gender attitudes and knowledge: Toward gender-sensitive psychotherapy training","created_at":"2016-07-19T14:50:47.449-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/27111430/Survey_of_clinical_psychology_graduate_students_gender_attitudes_and_knowledge_Toward_gender_sensitive_psychotherapy_training?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_27111430","summary":"Th\u0026 study investigated the impact of education and training in gender issues on the attitudes and knowledge of clinical psychology graduate students regarding women in general, and women in psychotherapy in particular. A randomly selected sample of graduate students (N = 514) from 42 clinical training programs in the United States and Canada were given a descriptive listing of courses and course content areas that addressed gender-sensitive issues and asked to note those they had been exposed to during their graduate training. In addition, participants responded to three questionnaires designed to be sensitive to gender bias and containing gender-relevant information important for psychotherapists. Significant main effects for gender, level of training (year in graduate school), and the presence of coursework addressing gender-sensitive issues were found. The implications of these findings are discussed and a model for the training of gender sensitive clinicians is proposed.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47361756,"asset_id":27111430,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":51162156,"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Handal","domain_name":"isluportal","page_name":"PaulHandal","display_name":"Paul Handal","profile_url":"https://isluportal.academia.edu/PaulHandal?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":211276,"first_name":"Russell","last_name":"Searight","domain_name":"lssu","page_name":"RussellSearight","display_name":"Russell Searight","profile_url":"https://lssu.academia.edu/RussellSearight?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/211276/1205616/4794132/s65_russell.searight.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":226,"name":"Clinical Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":72781,"name":"Gender Issues","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Issues?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":98134,"name":"United States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_States?f_ri=25940"},{"id":116526,"name":"Graduate Student","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Graduate_Student?f_ri=25940"},{"id":124981,"name":"Contemporary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary?f_ri=25940"},{"id":194988,"name":"Gender Bias","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Bias?f_ri=25940"},{"id":299288,"name":"Education and Training","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education_and_Training-2?f_ri=25940"},{"id":1181704,"name":"Training Program","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Training_Program?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31815267" data-work_id="31815267" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31815267/Development_of_the_Ethical_Evaluation_Questionnaire_A_Machiavellian_Utilitarian_and_Religious_Viewpoint">Development of the Ethical Evaluation Questionnaire: A Machiavellian, Utilitarian, and Religious Viewpoint</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool to enhance ethical evaluation literature. The tool consists of two subscales named 'Bases of ethical evaluation', and 'Grounds of ethical evaluation'. In order to determine... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_31815267" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool to enhance ethical evaluation literature. The tool consists of two subscales named 'Bases of ethical evaluation', and 'Grounds of ethical evaluation'. In order to determine the factor structure of the scales, both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were applied. The results revealed that Ethical Evaluation Questionnaire is a valid and reliable scale. The results presented that there was a positive correlation between the factors and the total 'Bases of ethical evaluation' scale. Similarly, there was a positive correlation between the factors and the total 'Grounds of ethical evaluation' scale. Since the Ethical Evaluation Questionnaire is a valid and reliable scale, it can be generalized for the other professions. The instrument is developed with respect to Islam religion in Turkish culture. However, scholars and managers can use the instrument for different cultures and religions. While there have been many studies examining ethical decision-making with different factors, intentions for examining religiosity as an underlying reason for ethical evaluation has been inadequate. So, studying Muslims in Turkey, this study is supposed to contribute to the literature related to ethical ideology and religiosity with regard to Islamic perspective.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31815267" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="07dc465eb39cbecc5d984df984822eab" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52111680,"asset_id":31815267,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52111680/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="519152" href="https://kocaeli.academia.edu/asiyetoker">asiye toker gökçe</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="519152" type="text/json">{"id":519152,"first_name":"asiye","last_name":"toker gökçe","domain_name":"kocaeli","page_name":"asiyetoker","display_name":"asiye toker gökçe","profile_url":"https://kocaeli.academia.edu/asiyetoker?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/519152/1085445/11750364/s65_asiye.toker_g_k_e.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_31815267 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="31815267"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31815267, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_31815267", }); 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The tool consists of two subscales named 'Bases of ethical evaluation', and 'Grounds of ethical evaluation'. In order to determine the factor structure of the scales, both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were applied. The results revealed that Ethical Evaluation Questionnaire is a valid and reliable scale. The results presented that there was a positive correlation between the factors and the total 'Bases of ethical evaluation' scale. Similarly, there was a positive correlation between the factors and the total 'Grounds of ethical evaluation' scale. Since the Ethical Evaluation Questionnaire is a valid and reliable scale, it can be generalized for the other professions. The instrument is developed with respect to Islam religion in Turkish culture. However, scholars and managers can use the instrument for different cultures and religions. While there have been many studies examining ethical decision-making with different factors, intentions for examining religiosity as an underlying reason for ethical evaluation has been inadequate. 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This paper examines four aspects of an evaluation survey carried out with very able pupils attending out-of-school classes: ethics,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_980900" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The use of questionnaires to evaluate educational initiatives is widespread, but often problematic. This paper examines four aspects of an evaluation survey carried out with very able pupils attending out-of-school classes: ethics, design, bias and interpretation. There is a particular focus on the interpretation and analysis of pupils’ answers to open questions. Conclusions are drawn from this analysis which will help teachers and others to take a careful and critical approach to their use of questionnaires in educational evaluation. <br /> <br />Author profile: <a href="http://www.wlv.ac.uk/default.aspx?page=13209" rel="nofollow">http://www.wlv.ac.uk/default.aspx?page=13209</a> <br /> <br />[A limited number of eprints of this article are available - send me a message if you require one].</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/980900" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="45cf2594a7c54df3f938e1fe789019f2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":13179879,"asset_id":980900,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/13179879/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="14793" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MikeLambert9">Mike Lambert</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="14793" type="text/json">{"id":14793,"first_name":"Mike","last_name":"Lambert","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MikeLambert9","display_name":"Mike Lambert","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MikeLambert9?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14793/434405/538254/s65_mike.lambert.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_980900 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="980900"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 980900, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_980900", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=980900]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_980900").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_980900").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="980900"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">44</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="202" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Program_Evaluation">Program Evaluation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="202" type="text/json">{"id":202,"name":"Program Evaluation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Program_Evaluation?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="814" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics">Ethics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="814" type="text/json">{"id":814,"name":"Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="922" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education">Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="922" type="text/json">{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1230" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Research_Methods_and_Methodology">Social Research Methods and Methodology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1230" type="text/json">{"id":1230,"name":"Social Research Methods and Methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Research_Methods_and_Methodology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=980900]'), work: {"id":980900,"title":"Devil in the detail: using a pupil questionnaire survey in an evaluation of out-of-school classes for gifted and talented children","created_at":"2011-10-05T07:25:26.147-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/980900/Devil_in_the_detail_using_a_pupil_questionnaire_survey_in_an_evaluation_of_out_of_school_classes_for_gifted_and_talented_children?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_980900","summary":"The use of questionnaires to evaluate educational initiatives is widespread, but often problematic. This paper examines four aspects of an evaluation survey carried out with very able pupils attending out-of-school classes: ethics, design, bias and interpretation. There is a particular focus on the interpretation and analysis of pupils’ answers to open questions. Conclusions are drawn from this analysis which will help teachers and others to take a careful and critical approach to their use of questionnaires in educational evaluation. \r\n\r\nAuthor profile: http://www.wlv.ac.uk/default.aspx?page=13209\r\n\r\n[A limited number of eprints of this article are available - send me a message if you require one].","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":13179879,"asset_id":980900,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":14793,"first_name":"Mike","last_name":"Lambert","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MikeLambert9","display_name":"Mike Lambert","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MikeLambert9?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14793/434405/538254/s65_mike.lambert.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":202,"name":"Program Evaluation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Program_Evaluation?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":814,"name":"Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":1230,"name":"Social Research Methods and Methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Research_Methods_and_Methodology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":1601,"name":"Teacher Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teacher_Education?f_ri=25940"},{"id":2065,"name":"Research Methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Methodology?f_ri=25940"},{"id":2066,"name":"Research Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Design?f_ri=25940"},{"id":2504,"name":"Research Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Ethics?f_ri=25940"},{"id":2807,"name":"Evaluation 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Thesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/A_Proposal_for_My_Undergraduate_Thesis?f_ri=25940"},{"id":171854,"name":"Gifted Children","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gifted_Children?f_ri=25940"},{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=25940"},{"id":452826,"name":"Masters of education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Masters_of_education?f_ri=25940"},{"id":540004,"name":"Undergraduate Dissertation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Undergraduate_Dissertation?f_ri=25940"},{"id":994659,"name":"Educational Action Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Action_Research?f_ri=25940"},{"id":1824195,"name":"Education research project","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education_research_project?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_954796" data-work_id="954796" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/954796/_Competencia_social_competencia_emocional_una_propuesta_para_intervenir_en_Educacion_InfantilSocial_competence_emotional_competence_A_proposal_for_">" Competencia" social," competencia" emocional: una propuesta para intervenir en Educacion InfantilSocial" competence", emotional" competence": A proposal for …</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">La definición de las competencias sociales y emocionales no ha sido tarea fácil para los psicólogos. Existen varios criterios e indicios que permiten evaluar en qué medida los niños y los adultos se comportan de forma competente. No... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_954796" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">La definición de las competencias sociales y emocionales no ha sido tarea fácil para los psicólogos. Existen varios criterios e indicios que permiten evaluar en qué medida los niños y los adultos se comportan de forma competente. No obstante, la educación formal recibida para alcanzar dichas competencias es, por lo general, muy escasa o nula. Los resultados de los programas clásicos basados en el aprendizaje de técnicas específicas indican que se produce muy poca generalización a contextos naturales y que la duración de los efectos de mejora es muy corta. Existen, sin embargo, otro tipo de intervenciones que apoyándose en la filosofía e incitando a los niños a reflexionar de forma crítica, proporcionan una formación más profunda y resultados más duraderos. Nuestra propuesta defiende un currículo centrado en la mejora de estas competencias durante el segundo ciclo de Educación Infantil (3-6 años) trabajando desde un enfoque basado en el programa Filosofía para Niños pero que también ofrezca la posibilidad de aprender pautas concretas de conducta, cognitivas y de relación con los demás. Palabras clave: Competencia social, competencia emocional, cultura, programas de intervención, Filosofía para Niños.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/954796" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a21dadabff11ed29e18eb6f7854c8d14" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51149794,"asset_id":954796,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51149794/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="22193" href="https://uned.academia.edu/LauraQuintanilla">Laura Quintanilla</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="22193" type="text/json">{"id":22193,"first_name":"Laura","last_name":"Quintanilla","domain_name":"uned","page_name":"LauraQuintanilla","display_name":"Laura Quintanilla","profile_url":"https://uned.academia.edu/LauraQuintanilla?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/22193/7412/392543/s65_laura.quintanilla.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_954796 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="954796"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 954796, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_954796", }); 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Existen varios criterios e indicios que permiten evaluar en qué medida los niños y los adultos se comportan de forma competente. No obstante, la educación formal recibida para alcanzar dichas competencias es, por lo general, muy escasa o nula. Los resultados de los programas clásicos basados en el aprendizaje de técnicas específicas indican que se produce muy poca generalización a contextos naturales y que la duración de los efectos de mejora es muy corta. Existen, sin embargo, otro tipo de intervenciones que apoyándose en la filosofía e incitando a los niños a reflexionar de forma crítica, proporcionan una formación más profunda y resultados más duraderos. Nuestra propuesta defiende un currículo centrado en la mejora de estas competencias durante el segundo ciclo de Educación Infantil (3-6 años) trabajando desde un enfoque basado en el programa Filosofía para Niños pero que también ofrezca la posibilidad de aprender pautas concretas de conducta, cognitivas y de relación con los demás. Palabras clave: Competencia social, competencia emocional, cultura, programas de intervención, Filosofía para Niños.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51149794,"asset_id":954796,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":22193,"first_name":"Laura","last_name":"Quintanilla","domain_name":"uned","page_name":"LauraQuintanilla","display_name":"Laura Quintanilla","profile_url":"https://uned.academia.edu/LauraQuintanilla?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/22193/7412/392543/s65_laura.quintanilla.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1750,"name":"Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assessment?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":2671,"name":"Emotional intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emotional_intelligence?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":7952,"name":"Emotional Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emotional_Development?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":9456,"name":"Emotions (Social Psychology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emotions_Social_Psychology_?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":18339,"name":"Implicit Social Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Implicit_Social_Cognition?f_ri=25940"},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940"},{"id":60585,"name":"Factor analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Factor_analysis?f_ri=25940"},{"id":123506,"name":"Reliability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reliability?f_ri=25940"},{"id":144833,"name":"Validity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Validity?f_ri=25940"},{"id":313510,"name":"Emotional Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emotional_Education?f_ri=25940"},{"id":386299,"name":"Emotional Competences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emotional_Competences?f_ri=25940"},{"id":1008537,"name":"Health Indices","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Indices?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_18057519" data-work_id="18057519" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18057519/Lack_of_Long_Lasting_Consequences_of_Starvation_on_Eating_Pathology_in_Jewish_Holocaust_Survivors_of_Nazi_Concentration_Camps">Lack of Long-Lasting Consequences of Starvation on Eating Pathology in Jewish Holocaust Survivors of Nazi Concentration Camps</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether Holocaust survivors will show the same eating pathologies that were found in other participants who had also undergone starvation. Fifty-five Holocaust survivors and 43 matched... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_18057519" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether Holocaust survivors will show the same eating pathologies that were found in other participants who had also undergone starvation. Fifty-five Holocaust survivors and 43 matched control participants answered a questionnaire designed to explore eating problems and pathologies described in the literature as lasting for decades after a period of severe food restriction. Confirmation of the survivors' reports was obtained from their children. No significant differences in current eating habits were found between the Holocaust survivors and their matched controls. Prolonged starvation in Holocaust survivors did not lead to disordered eating habits in the sample. These results conflict with the notion that severe starvation consistently leads to food preoccupation and disordered eating.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/18057519" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dbb97f49b98ef6c7176bbfba2fa91332" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39852961,"asset_id":18057519,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39852961/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="38004458" href="https://huji.academia.edu/LauraCanetti">Laura Canetti</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="38004458" type="text/json">{"id":38004458,"first_name":"Laura","last_name":"Canetti","domain_name":"huji","page_name":"LauraCanetti","display_name":"Laura Canetti","profile_url":"https://huji.academia.edu/LauraCanetti?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_18057519 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="18057519"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 18057519, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_18057519", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18057519]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_18057519").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_18057519").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="18057519"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="222" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abnormal_Psychology">Abnormal Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="222" type="text/json">{"id":222,"name":"Abnormal Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abnormal_Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4160" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eating_Disorders">Eating Disorders</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4160" type="text/json">{"id":4160,"name":"Eating Disorders","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eating_Disorders?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22644" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/National_Socialism">National Socialism</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="22644" type="text/json">{"id":22644,"name":"National Socialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/National_Socialism?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=18057519]'), work: {"id":18057519,"title":"Lack of Long-Lasting Consequences of Starvation on Eating Pathology in Jewish Holocaust Survivors of Nazi Concentration Camps","created_at":"2015-11-09T22:14:08.047-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/18057519/Lack_of_Long_Lasting_Consequences_of_Starvation_on_Eating_Pathology_in_Jewish_Holocaust_Survivors_of_Nazi_Concentration_Camps?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_18057519","summary":"The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether Holocaust survivors will show the same eating pathologies that were found in other participants who had also undergone starvation. Fifty-five Holocaust survivors and 43 matched control participants answered a questionnaire designed to explore eating problems and pathologies described in the literature as lasting for decades after a period of severe food restriction. Confirmation of the survivors' reports was obtained from their children. No significant differences in current eating habits were found between the Holocaust survivors and their matched controls. Prolonged starvation in Holocaust survivors did not lead to disordered eating habits in the sample. These results conflict with the notion that severe starvation consistently leads to food preoccupation and disordered eating.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39852961,"asset_id":18057519,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":38004458,"first_name":"Laura","last_name":"Canetti","domain_name":"huji","page_name":"LauraCanetti","display_name":"Laura Canetti","profile_url":"https://huji.academia.edu/LauraCanetti?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":222,"name":"Abnormal Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abnormal_Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":4160,"name":"Eating Disorders","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eating_Disorders?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":22644,"name":"National Socialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/National_Socialism?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940"},{"id":42915,"name":"Starvation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Starvation?f_ri=25940"},{"id":43575,"name":"Holocaust","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Holocaust?f_ri=25940"},{"id":48936,"name":"TIME","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/TIME?f_ri=25940"},{"id":82641,"name":"Survivors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Survivors?f_ri=25940"},{"id":121508,"name":"Jews","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jews?f_ri=25940"},{"id":235899,"name":"Concentration Camps","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Concentration_Camps?f_ri=25940"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=25940"},{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=25940"},{"id":621517,"name":"Time","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time-2?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_74153533" data-work_id="74153533" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74153533/Effects_of_Questionnaire_Design_on_the_Quality_of_Survey_Data">Effects of Questionnaire Design on the Quality of Survey Data</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The importance of format, graphic layout, and question routing instructions on the quality of survey data has been acknowledged for self-administered survey instruments, but the significance of these factors for questionnaires... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_74153533" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The importance of format, graphic layout, and question routing instructions on the quality of survey data has been acknowledged for self-administered survey instruments, but the significance of these factors for questionnaires administered by interviewers has not been recognized equally. This paper examines two studies in which interviewers used different questionnaire designs to administer the same set of survey questions to randomly selected adult respondents in housing units that made up area probability samples of the Detroit metropolitan area. The paper presents empirical evidence of specific effects (questions skipped in error, unprobed answers) directly attributable to the choice of questionnaire design. The analysis shows that questionnaire design choices can either help or hurt the quality of data collected by interviewers. Furthermore, the behaviors of experienced and inexperienced interviewers are affected in similar ways. In other words, interviewing experience does not compensate for format deficits in the design of survey instruments.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/74153533" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e35344644cd6d15b6cbac71440de0c80" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":82406001,"asset_id":74153533,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82406001/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="47395917" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MARIAJESUSTORQUEMADASANCHEZ">MARIA JESUS TORQUEMADA SANCHEZ</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="47395917" type="text/json">{"id":47395917,"first_name":"MARIA JESUS","last_name":"TORQUEMADA SANCHEZ","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MARIAJESUSTORQUEMADASANCHEZ","display_name":"MARIA JESUS TORQUEMADA SANCHEZ","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MARIAJESUSTORQUEMADASANCHEZ?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/47395917/39223015/32535252/s65_maria_jesus.torquemada_sanchez.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_74153533 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="74153533"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74153533, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_74153533", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_74153533 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74153533; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_74153533"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_74153533 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74153533"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74153533; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74153533]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_74153533").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_74153533").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="74153533"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="39" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing">Marketing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="39" type="text/json">{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=74153533]'), work: {"id":74153533,"title":"Effects of Questionnaire Design on the Quality of Survey Data","created_at":"2022-03-20T12:03:26.391-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/74153533/Effects_of_Questionnaire_Design_on_the_Quality_of_Survey_Data?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_74153533","summary":"The importance of format, graphic layout, and question routing instructions on the quality of survey data has been acknowledged for self-administered survey instruments, but the significance of these factors for questionnaires administered by interviewers has not been recognized equally. This paper examines two studies in which interviewers used different questionnaire designs to administer the same set of survey questions to randomly selected adult respondents in housing units that made up area probability samples of the Detroit metropolitan area. The paper presents empirical evidence of specific effects (questions skipped in error, unprobed answers) directly attributable to the choice of questionnaire design. The analysis shows that questionnaire design choices can either help or hurt the quality of data collected by interviewers. Furthermore, the behaviors of experienced and inexperienced interviewers are affected in similar ways. In other words, interviewing experience does not compensate for format deficits in the design of survey instruments.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82406001,"asset_id":74153533,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":47395917,"first_name":"MARIA JESUS","last_name":"TORQUEMADA SANCHEZ","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MARIAJESUSTORQUEMADASANCHEZ","display_name":"MARIA JESUS TORQUEMADA SANCHEZ","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MARIAJESUSTORQUEMADASANCHEZ?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/47395917/39223015/32535252/s65_maria_jesus.torquemada_sanchez.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":313195,"name":"Survey data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Survey_data?f_ri=25940"},{"id":395704,"name":"Communication and media Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication_and_media_Studies?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_22909623" data-work_id="22909623" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22909623/Validation_of_a_questionnaire_to_measure_mathematics_confidence_computer_confidence_and_attitudes_towards_the_use_of_technology_for_learning_mathematics">Validation of a questionnaire to measure mathematics confidence, computer confidence, and attitudes towards the use of technology for learning mathematics</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study reports on the validation of a questionnaire designed to measure general mathematics confidence, general confidence with using technology, and attitudes to the use of technology for mathematics learning. A questionnaire was... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_22909623" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study reports on the validation of a questionnaire designed to measure general mathematics confidence, general confidence with using technology, and attitudes to the use of technology for mathematics learning. A questionnaire was administered to 289 students commencing a tertiary level course on linear algebra and calculus. Scales formed on the basis of factor analysis demonstrated high internal consistency reliability and divergent validity. A repeat administration confirmed the earlier psychometric findings as well as establishing good test-retest reliability. The resulting instrument can be used to measure attitudinal factors that mediate the effective use of technology in mathematics learning.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/22909623" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="04f4ce79cf6617eb522ff7a5b10177ad" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43449240,"asset_id":22909623,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43449240/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="44600468" href="https://usq.academia.edu/GerardFogarty">Gerard Fogarty</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="44600468" type="text/json">{"id":44600468,"first_name":"Gerard","last_name":"Fogarty","domain_name":"usq","page_name":"GerardFogarty","display_name":"Gerard Fogarty","profile_url":"https://usq.academia.edu/GerardFogarty?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/44600468/18578081/18544453/s65_gerard.fogarty.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_22909623 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="22909623"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22909623, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_22909623", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_22909623 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22909623; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_22909623"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_22909623 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22909623"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22909623; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22909623]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_22909623").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_22909623").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="22909623"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="300" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="300" type="text/json">{"id":300,"name":"Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="922" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education">Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="922" type="text/json">{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2731" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics_Education">Mathematics Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2731" type="text/json">{"id":2731,"name":"Mathematics Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics_Education?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=22909623]'), work: {"id":22909623,"title":"Validation of a questionnaire to measure mathematics confidence, computer confidence, and attitudes towards the use of technology for learning mathematics","created_at":"2016-03-07T00:03:04.784-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/22909623/Validation_of_a_questionnaire_to_measure_mathematics_confidence_computer_confidence_and_attitudes_towards_the_use_of_technology_for_learning_mathematics?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_22909623","summary":"This study reports on the validation of a questionnaire designed to measure general mathematics confidence, general confidence with using technology, and attitudes to the use of technology for mathematics learning. A questionnaire was administered to 289 students commencing a tertiary level course on linear algebra and calculus. Scales formed on the basis of factor analysis demonstrated high internal consistency reliability and divergent validity. A repeat administration confirmed the earlier psychometric findings as well as establishing good test-retest reliability. The resulting instrument can be used to measure attitudinal factors that mediate the effective use of technology in mathematics learning.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43449240,"asset_id":22909623,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":44600468,"first_name":"Gerard","last_name":"Fogarty","domain_name":"usq","page_name":"GerardFogarty","display_name":"Gerard Fogarty","profile_url":"https://usq.academia.edu/GerardFogarty?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/44600468/18578081/18544453/s65_gerard.fogarty.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":300,"name":"Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":2731,"name":"Mathematics Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics_Education?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":29972,"name":"Linear Algebra","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linear_Algebra?f_ri=25940"},{"id":60585,"name":"Factor analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Factor_analysis?f_ri=25940"},{"id":508371,"name":"Curriculum and Pedagogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Curriculum_and_Pedagogy?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48720650" data-work_id="48720650" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48720650/Definitions_of_Gender_and_Sex_The_Subtleties_of_Meaning">Definitions of Gender and Sex: The Subtleties of Meaning</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Definitions of the word "gender" were collected from 137 participants, who also completed questionnaires designed to determine aspects of the usage of the words "gender" and "sex." The majority of participants were European American... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_48720650" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Definitions of the word "gender" were collected from 137 participants, who also completed questionnaires designed to determine aspects of the usage of the words "gender" and "sex." The majority of participants were European American (86.9%), followed by Latino/a (3.6%), Asian/Asian American (2.9%), African American (2.2%), Native American (1.5%), and West Indian (1.5%). Most participants (70.9%) had attended at least some college and occupations included students (43%), professionals (27.8%), health care workers (4.3%), technical workers (5%), sales and service workers (9.4%), maintenance workers (1.4%), and business owners (1.4%). Data were examined to see which common themes emerged from the free form "define gender" question, the amount of interchangeability of "sex" and "gender" in a sentence completion task, and the varieties of beliefs about the relation between the terms "gender" and "sex." Results indicate a variety of understandings and beliefs about gender that range from the common response that "gender" is the same as "sex" to some less common responses that associate gender with females or discrimination. Implications of the ambiguous meaning of "gender" are discussed with an emphasis on the responsibility of researchers to clarify their own understanding of the terms when they discuss gender or sex in their research and publications.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48720650" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="224aa28e61922633d463f5f5a51163f3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67188199,"asset_id":48720650,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67188199/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="45338942" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JoanChrisler">Joan Chrisler</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="45338942" type="text/json">{"id":45338942,"first_name":"Joan","last_name":"Chrisler","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JoanChrisler","display_name":"Joan Chrisler","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JoanChrisler?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48720650 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48720650"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48720650, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48720650", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_48720650 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48720650; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_48720650"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_48720650 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="48720650"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48720650; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48720650]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_48720650").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_48720650").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="48720650"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2672" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Personality">Personality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2672" type="text/json">{"id":2672,"name":"Personality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Personality?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4212" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognition">Cognition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4212" type="text/json">{"id":4212,"name":"Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognition?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4714" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sexuality">Sexuality</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4714" type="text/json">{"id":4714,"name":"Sexuality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sexuality?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48720650]'), work: {"id":48720650,"title":"Definitions of Gender and Sex: The Subtleties of Meaning","created_at":"2021-05-05T07:11:29.363-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48720650/Definitions_of_Gender_and_Sex_The_Subtleties_of_Meaning?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_48720650","summary":"Definitions of the word \"gender\" were collected from 137 participants, who also completed questionnaires designed to determine aspects of the usage of the words \"gender\" and \"sex.\" The majority of participants were European American (86.9%), followed by Latino/a (3.6%), Asian/Asian American (2.9%), African American (2.2%), Native American (1.5%), and West Indian (1.5%). Most participants (70.9%) had attended at least some college and occupations included students (43%), professionals (27.8%), health care workers (4.3%), technical workers (5%), sales and service workers (9.4%), maintenance workers (1.4%), and business owners (1.4%). Data were examined to see which common themes emerged from the free form \"define gender\" question, the amount of interchangeability of \"sex\" and \"gender\" in a sentence completion task, and the varieties of beliefs about the relation between the terms \"gender\" and \"sex.\" Results indicate a variety of understandings and beliefs about gender that range from the common response that \"gender\" is the same as \"sex\" to some less common responses that associate gender with females or discrimination. Implications of the ambiguous meaning of \"gender\" are discussed with an emphasis on the responsibility of researchers to clarify their own understanding of the terms when they discuss gender or sex in their research and publications.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67188199,"asset_id":48720650,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":45338942,"first_name":"Joan","last_name":"Chrisler","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JoanChrisler","display_name":"Joan Chrisler","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JoanChrisler?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":2672,"name":"Personality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Personality?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":4212,"name":"Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognition?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":4714,"name":"Sexuality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sexuality?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":15504,"name":"Native American","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American?f_ri=25940"},{"id":18174,"name":"Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language?f_ri=25940"},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940"},{"id":68342,"name":"African American","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_American?f_ri=25940"},{"id":92362,"name":"Belief","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Belief?f_ri=25940"},{"id":144049,"name":"Attitude","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Attitude?f_ri=25940"},{"id":179800,"name":"Definition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Definition?f_ri=25940"},{"id":179933,"name":"Health Care Workers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Care_Workers?f_ri=25940"},{"id":366588,"name":"Asian American","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Asian_American?f_ri=25940"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=25940"},{"id":542726,"name":"Stereotype","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stereotype?f_ri=25940"},{"id":588327,"name":"Sex Roles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sex_Roles?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40872684" data-work_id="40872684" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40872684/Three_Types_of_Environmental_Representations_and_Individual_Differences_in_Spatial_Navigation">Three Types of Environmental Representations and Individual Differences in Spatial Navigation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Official storage site: <a href="https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/47243" rel="nofollow">https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/47243</a> Also available on ResearchGate (click on links) FOREWORD: This thesis presents finding from perspective-taking tasks (see Figs. 2 and 3) that were NOT published in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40872684" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Official storage site: <a href="https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/47243" rel="nofollow">https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/47243</a><br />Also available on ResearchGate (click on links)<br /><br />FOREWORD: This thesis presents finding from perspective-taking tasks (see Figs. 2 and 3) that were NOT published in Zhong & Kozhevnikov (2016).<br /><br />ABSTRACT (Revised):<br />The current study proposed the existence of two subtypes of survey knowledge/representations: (i) “allocentric-survey” versus (ii) “egocentric-survey”. On one hand, the allocentric-survey representation was proposed as a third person representation abstracted/inferred from knowledge of landmarks, routes, and spatial relations between them. On the other hand, the egocentric-survey representation was proposed as a survey representation formed incrementally through an engagement of egocentric spatial updating, which involves the automatic and continuous updating of transient self-to-object relations as one navigates in space. <br /><br />Findings from study 1 suggested that egocentric survey representations were qualitatively different from allocentric survey representations as the former preserved information not only about spatial locations, but also about orientation. Two groups of sketchmap drawers exhibited comparable accuracy in representing the spatial layout of the learned route. However, sketchers of egocentric-survey maps were significantly faster on orientation and navigational pointing judgments than sketchers of allocentric-survey maps. <br /><br />In Study 2, a Navigational Strategy Questionnaire (NSQ) was designed. It included a novel scale assessing a preference for spatial updating navigational strategy and two traditional scales assessing survey based and procedural navigational strategies. Critically, the spatial updating scale exhibited predictive validity in relation to large scale navigational performance and related spatial updating strategy use to the formation of egocentric survey representations.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40872684" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9796cc97bd9aeb57a3f82439b52060ca" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61197798,"asset_id":40872684,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61197798/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5138595" href="https://gatech.academia.edu/JimmyZhong">Jimmy Y Zhong, PhD</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5138595" type="text/json">{"id":5138595,"first_name":"Jimmy","last_name":"Zhong, PhD","domain_name":"gatech","page_name":"JimmyZhong","display_name":"Jimmy Y Zhong, PhD","profile_url":"https://gatech.academia.edu/JimmyZhong?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5138595/2255424/35180269/s65_jimmy.zhong.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40872684 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40872684"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40872684, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40872684", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_40872684 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40872684; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_40872684"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_40872684 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40872684"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40872684; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40872684]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40872684").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40872684").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40872684"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="402" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science">Environmental Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="402" type="text/json">{"id":402,"name":"Environmental Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2973" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_cognition">Spatial cognition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2973" type="text/json">{"id":2973,"name":"Spatial cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_cognition?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4136" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mental_Representation">Mental Representation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4136" type="text/json">{"id":4136,"name":"Mental Representation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mental_Representation?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40872684]'), work: {"id":40872684,"title":"Three Types of Environmental Representations and Individual Differences in Spatial Navigation","created_at":"2019-11-07T19:34:17.031-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40872684/Three_Types_of_Environmental_Representations_and_Individual_Differences_in_Spatial_Navigation?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_40872684","summary":"Official storage site: https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/47243\nAlso available on ResearchGate (click on links)\n\nFOREWORD: This thesis presents finding from perspective-taking tasks (see Figs. 2 and 3) that were NOT published in Zhong \u0026 Kozhevnikov (2016).\n\nABSTRACT (Revised):\nThe current study proposed the existence of two subtypes of survey knowledge/representations: (i) “allocentric-survey” versus (ii) “egocentric-survey”. On one hand, the allocentric-survey representation was proposed as a third person representation abstracted/inferred from knowledge of landmarks, routes, and spatial relations between them. On the other hand, the egocentric-survey representation was proposed as a survey representation formed incrementally through an engagement of egocentric spatial updating, which involves the automatic and continuous updating of transient self-to-object relations as one navigates in space. \n\nFindings from study 1 suggested that egocentric survey representations were qualitatively different from allocentric survey representations as the former preserved information not only about spatial locations, but also about orientation. Two groups of sketchmap drawers exhibited comparable accuracy in representing the spatial layout of the learned route. However, sketchers of egocentric-survey maps were significantly faster on orientation and navigational pointing judgments than sketchers of allocentric-survey maps. \n\nIn Study 2, a Navigational Strategy Questionnaire (NSQ) was designed. It included a novel scale assessing a preference for spatial updating navigational strategy and two traditional scales assessing survey based and procedural navigational strategies. Critically, the spatial updating scale exhibited predictive validity in relation to large scale navigational performance and related spatial updating strategy use to the formation of egocentric survey representations.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61197798,"asset_id":40872684,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5138595,"first_name":"Jimmy","last_name":"Zhong, PhD","domain_name":"gatech","page_name":"JimmyZhong","display_name":"Jimmy Y Zhong, PhD","profile_url":"https://gatech.academia.edu/JimmyZhong?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5138595/2255424/35180269/s65_jimmy.zhong.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":402,"name":"Environmental Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":2973,"name":"Spatial cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_cognition?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":4136,"name":"Mental Representation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mental_Representation?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":29782,"name":"Spatial Cognition (Psychology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Cognition_Psychology_?f_ri=25940"},{"id":39294,"name":"Questionnaire design (Quantitative Research)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design_Quantitative_Research_?f_ri=25940"},{"id":46271,"name":"Strategy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strategy?f_ri=25940"},{"id":46858,"name":"Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Memory?f_ri=25940"},{"id":46957,"name":"Indoor Navigation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indoor_Navigation?f_ri=25940"},{"id":59695,"name":"Navigation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Navigation?f_ri=25940"},{"id":88878,"name":"Questionnaire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire?f_ri=25940"},{"id":97583,"name":"Cognitive Mapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Mapping?f_ri=25940"},{"id":139152,"name":"Egocentric Vs Allocentric","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egocentric_Vs_Allocentric?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33205856" data-work_id="33205856" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33205856/Development_and_validation_of_Arabic_version_of_the_Hospital_Anxiety_and_Depression_Scale">Development and validation of Arabic version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Introduction: The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is widely used to predict and diagnose hospital anxiety and depression. It has been translated and validated in many languages, but the existing Arabic version was not... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33205856" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Introduction: The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is widely used to predict and diagnose hospital anxiety and depression. It has been translated and validated in many languages, but the existing Arabic version was not validated in hospitalized patients. The aim was to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the HADS Questionnaire into Arabic language for in‑patient use, especially for surgical wards.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33205856" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7a0e2b02802a1efa2127eeb2ef23db45" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53285242,"asset_id":33205856,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53285242/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4214167" href="https://sharjah.academia.edu/KhalidAltirkawi">Khalid Altirkawi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4214167" type="text/json">{"id":4214167,"first_name":"Khalid","last_name":"Altirkawi","domain_name":"sharjah","page_name":"KhalidAltirkawi","display_name":"Khalid Altirkawi","profile_url":"https://sharjah.academia.edu/KhalidAltirkawi?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4214167/46884394/36092021/s65_khalid.altirkawi.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33205856 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33205856"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33205856, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33205856", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_33205856 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33205856; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_33205856"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_33205856 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33205856"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33205856; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33205856]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_33205856").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_33205856").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33205856"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2034" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anesthesiology">Anesthesiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2034" type="text/json">{"id":2034,"name":"Anesthesiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anesthesiology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2898" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pain">Pain</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2898" type="text/json">{"id":2898,"name":"Pain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pain?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3324" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic">Arabic</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3324" type="text/json">{"id":3324,"name":"Arabic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33205856]'), work: {"id":33205856,"title":"Development and validation of Arabic version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale","created_at":"2017-05-26T03:39:59.783-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/33205856/Development_and_validation_of_Arabic_version_of_the_Hospital_Anxiety_and_Depression_Scale?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_33205856","summary":"Introduction: The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is widely used to predict and diagnose hospital anxiety and depression. It has been translated and validated in many languages, but the existing Arabic version was not validated in hospitalized patients. The aim was to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the HADS Questionnaire into Arabic language for in‑patient use, especially for surgical wards.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53285242,"asset_id":33205856,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4214167,"first_name":"Khalid","last_name":"Altirkawi","domain_name":"sharjah","page_name":"KhalidAltirkawi","display_name":"Khalid Altirkawi","profile_url":"https://sharjah.academia.edu/KhalidAltirkawi?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4214167/46884394/36092021/s65_khalid.altirkawi.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2034,"name":"Anesthesiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anesthesiology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":2898,"name":"Pain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pain?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":3324,"name":"Arabic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=25940"},{"id":837859,"name":"Questionnaire validation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_validation?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9271593" data-work_id="9271593" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9271593/Course_Study_Skills_Needs_Analysis_Questionnaire">Course - Study Skills - Needs Analysis Questionnaire</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Dear Student, In this questionnaire, we kindly invite you to give your opinions about skills needed for learning in the department of English. Your cooperation will help us understand better your academic needs and hopefully suggest ideas... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9271593" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Dear Student, In this questionnaire, we kindly invite you to give your opinions about skills needed for learning in the department of English. Your cooperation will help us understand better your academic needs and hopefully suggest ideas to increase your chances to succeed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9271593" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0fa41884931bb241c3e058bace0ef1c6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35536328,"asset_id":9271593,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35536328/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="225205" href="https://univ-blida2.academia.edu/MaamarMissoum">Maamar Missoum</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="225205" type="text/json">{"id":225205,"first_name":"Maamar","last_name":"Missoum","domain_name":"univ-blida2","page_name":"MaamarMissoum","display_name":"Maamar Missoum","profile_url":"https://univ-blida2.academia.edu/MaamarMissoum?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/225205/2507306/2911247/s65_maamar.missoum.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9271593 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9271593"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9271593, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9271593", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9271593 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9271593; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9271593"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9271593 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9271593"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9271593; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9271593]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9271593").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9271593").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9271593"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="62204" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning_and_Teaching_of_English_Language_Skills">Learning and Teaching of English Language Skills</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="62204" type="text/json">{"id":62204,"name":"Learning and Teaching of English Language Skills","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning_and_Teaching_of_English_Language_Skills?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="99218" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Study_skills">Study skills</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="99218" type="text/json">{"id":99218,"name":"Study skills","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Study_skills?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="327850" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires">Questionnaires</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="327850" type="text/json">{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9271593]'), work: {"id":9271593,"title":"Course - Study Skills - Needs Analysis Questionnaire","created_at":"2014-11-12T06:27:50.255-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9271593/Course_Study_Skills_Needs_Analysis_Questionnaire?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_9271593","summary":"Dear Student, In this questionnaire, we kindly invite you to give your opinions about skills needed for learning in the department of English. Your cooperation will help us understand better your academic needs and hopefully suggest ideas to increase your chances to succeed.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35536328,"asset_id":9271593,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":225205,"first_name":"Maamar","last_name":"Missoum","domain_name":"univ-blida2","page_name":"MaamarMissoum","display_name":"Maamar Missoum","profile_url":"https://univ-blida2.academia.edu/MaamarMissoum?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/225205/2507306/2911247/s65_maamar.missoum.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":62204,"name":"Learning and Teaching of English Language Skills","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning_and_Teaching_of_English_Language_Skills?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":99218,"name":"Study skills","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Study_skills?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_51679312" data-work_id="51679312" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/51679312/Research_into_questionnaire_design_a_summary_of_the_literature">Research into questionnaire design: a summary of the literature</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Some consider responding to survey questions as a sophisticated cognitive process whereby respondents go through, often iterative, steps to process the information provided to them by questions and response options. Others focus more on... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_51679312" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Some consider responding to survey questions as a sophisticated cognitive process whereby respondents go through, often iterative, steps to process the information provided to them by questions and response options. Others focus more on the interplay between questions and answers as a complex communication process between researchers and respondents, their assumptions, expectations and perceptions. In this article, cognitive and communication research is reviewed that has tested the impact of different question and answer alternatives on the responses obtained. This leads to evidence-based recommendations for market researchers, who frequently have to make decisions regarding various aspects of questionnaire design such as question length and order, question wording, as well as the optimal number of response options and the desirability or otherwise of a ‘don&#39;t know’ option or a middle alternative.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/51679312" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f17774e2698b0eeffb427332ba2053e5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":69297115,"asset_id":51679312,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69297115/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33188010" href="https://acer.academia.edu/PetraLietz">Petra Lietz</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33188010" type="text/json">{"id":33188010,"first_name":"Petra","last_name":"Lietz","domain_name":"acer","page_name":"PetraLietz","display_name":"Petra Lietz","profile_url":"https://acer.academia.edu/PetraLietz?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_51679312 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="51679312"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 51679312, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_51679312", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51679312]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_51679312").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_51679312").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="51679312"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="39" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing">Marketing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="39" type="text/json">{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="51733" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Market">Market</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="51733" type="text/json">{"id":51733,"name":"Market","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Market?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="274173" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Assessment">Educational Assessment</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="274173" type="text/json">{"id":274173,"name":"Educational Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Assessment?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=51679312]'), work: {"id":51679312,"title":"Research into questionnaire design: a summary of the literature","created_at":"2021-09-09T23:47:47.729-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/51679312/Research_into_questionnaire_design_a_summary_of_the_literature?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_51679312","summary":"Some consider responding to survey questions as a sophisticated cognitive process whereby respondents go through, often iterative, steps to process the information provided to them by questions and response options. Others focus more on the interplay between questions and answers as a complex communication process between researchers and respondents, their assumptions, expectations and perceptions. In this article, cognitive and communication research is reviewed that has tested the impact of different question and answer alternatives on the responses obtained. This leads to evidence-based recommendations for market researchers, who frequently have to make decisions regarding various aspects of questionnaire design such as question length and order, question wording, as well as the optimal number of response options and the desirability or otherwise of a ‘don\u0026#39;t know’ option or a middle alternative.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":69297115,"asset_id":51679312,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33188010,"first_name":"Petra","last_name":"Lietz","domain_name":"acer","page_name":"PetraLietz","display_name":"Petra Lietz","profile_url":"https://acer.academia.edu/PetraLietz?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":51733,"name":"Market","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Market?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":274173,"name":"Educational Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Assessment?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_64508480" data-work_id="64508480" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/64508480/Conducting_Online_Surveys">Conducting Online Surveys</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The World Wide Web (WWW) is increasingly being used as a tool and platform for survey research. Two types of electronic or online surveys available for data collection are the email and Web based survey, and they constitute the focus of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_64508480" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The World Wide Web (WWW) is increasingly being used as a tool and platform for survey research. Two types of electronic or online surveys available for data collection are the email and Web based survey, and they constitute the focus of this paper. We address a multitude of issues researchers should consider before and during the use of this method of data collection: advantages and liabilities with this form of survey research, sampling problems, questionnaire design considerations, suggestions in approaching potential respondents, response rates and aspects of data processing. Where relevant, the methodological issues involved are illustrated with examples from our own research practice. This methods review shows that most challenges are resolved when taking into account the principles that guide the conduct of conventional surveys.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/64508480" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8921cdbd04f1a340e7c1ed3d6cc999b9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":76512397,"asset_id":64508480,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/76512397/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1275967" href="https://ehumanities.academia.edu/NicholasJankowski">Nicholas Jankowski</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1275967" type="text/json">{"id":1275967,"first_name":"Nicholas","last_name":"Jankowski","domain_name":"ehumanities","page_name":"NicholasJankowski","display_name":"Nicholas Jankowski","profile_url":"https://ehumanities.academia.edu/NicholasJankowski?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_64508480 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="64508480"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 64508480, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_64508480", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_64508480 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 64508480; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_64508480"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_64508480 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="64508480"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 64508480; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=64508480]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_64508480").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_64508480").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="64508480"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="184" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology">Sociology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="184" type="text/json">{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="892" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistics">Statistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="892" type="text/json">{"id":892,"name":"Statistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistics?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14238" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Survey_Research">Survey Research</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="14238" type="text/json">{"id":14238,"name":"Survey Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Survey_Research?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=64508480]'), work: {"id":64508480,"title":"Conducting Online Surveys","created_at":"2021-12-16T04:31:53.620-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/64508480/Conducting_Online_Surveys?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_64508480","summary":"The World Wide Web (WWW) is increasingly being used as a tool and platform for survey research. Two types of electronic or online surveys available for data collection are the email and Web based survey, and they constitute the focus of this paper. We address a multitude of issues researchers should consider before and during the use of this method of data collection: advantages and liabilities with this form of survey research, sampling problems, questionnaire design considerations, suggestions in approaching potential respondents, response rates and aspects of data processing. Where relevant, the methodological issues involved are illustrated with examples from our own research practice. This methods review shows that most challenges are resolved when taking into account the principles that guide the conduct of conventional surveys.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":76512397,"asset_id":64508480,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1275967,"first_name":"Nicholas","last_name":"Jankowski","domain_name":"ehumanities","page_name":"NicholasJankowski","display_name":"Nicholas Jankowski","profile_url":"https://ehumanities.academia.edu/NicholasJankowski?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":892,"name":"Statistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistics?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":14238,"name":"Survey Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Survey_Research?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940"},{"id":141114,"name":"World Wide Web","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/World_Wide_Web?f_ri=25940"},{"id":153168,"name":"Data Collection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Collection?f_ri=25940"},{"id":579642,"name":"Online survey","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Online_survey?f_ri=25940"},{"id":581652,"name":"Data Processing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Processing?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27590581" data-work_id="27590581" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27590581/Physiotherapists_and_general_practitioners_views_of_self_referral_and_physiotherapy_scope_of_practice_results_from_a_national_trial">Physiotherapists’ and general practitioners’ views of self-referral and physiotherapy scope of practice: results from a national trial</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">To establish the views of physiotherapists and general practitioners (GPs) on self-referral and physiotherapy scope of practice. Design Survey questionnaire design utilising both qualitative and quantitative questioning. Setting... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_27590581" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">To establish the views of physiotherapists and general practitioners (GPs) on self-referral and physiotherapy scope of practice. Design Survey questionnaire design utilising both qualitative and quantitative questioning. Setting Twenty-six general practices throughout Scotland. Participants Sixty-four physiotherapists and 97 GPs with direct experience of implementing systems of self-referral to physiotherapy in primary care in Scotland. Method Questionnaires containing a mix of open and closed questions were distributed at the end of a year-long data collection period of a national trial (2003)(2004)(2005). Responses were analysed by clinician group: GPs and physiotherapists. Results An overall response rate of 73% (117/161) was achieved. High levels of comfort with, and confidence in, physiotherapists acting as first point of contact practitioners were reported by 96% (67/70) of GPs, and just 6% (3/47) of physiotherapists reported not being comfortable. More than 78% (91/117) of all clinicians indicated that there could be possible and definite benefits for musculoskeletal patients if physiotherapists were involved in monitoring and prescribing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, issuing sickness certificates and requesting X-rays, although this was more strongly supported by physiotherapists (>88% vs >63%; P < 0.001). Seventy-eight percent (35/47) of physiotherapist respondents felt that physiotherapists could accept self-referrals very ably, 47% (21/47) felt that not all physiotherapists were sufficiently experienced, and 16% (7/47) reported the need for additional training before physiotherapists could undertake this role. Only 34% (16/47) of physiotherapists felt that the public understood what physiotherapy is and what it can offer. Conclusion The concept of physiotherapists working as first point of contact practitioners is strongly supported by the majority of GPs and physiotherapists. Potential benefits for patients were identified if physiotherapists undertook extended roles with regard to other aspects of musculoskeletal management. There is a need to address both professional and public awareness of physiotherapy and self-referral specifically.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27590581" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="95a528e56563608ff54e2edcc9d558d8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47852863,"asset_id":27590581,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47852863/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32172047" href="https://webplus.academia.edu/AngusMcFadyen">Angus McFadyen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32172047" type="text/json">{"id":32172047,"first_name":"Angus","last_name":"McFadyen","domain_name":"webplus","page_name":"AngusMcFadyen","display_name":"Angus McFadyen","profile_url":"https://webplus.academia.edu/AngusMcFadyen?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27590581 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27590581"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27590581, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27590581", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27590581]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_27590581").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_27590581").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="27590581"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="593" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physiotherapy">Physiotherapy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="593" type="text/json">{"id":593,"name":"Physiotherapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physiotherapy?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="633" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primary_Care">Primary Care</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="633" type="text/json">{"id":633,"name":"Primary Care","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primary_Care?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="634" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/General_Practice">General Practice</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="634" type="text/json">{"id":634,"name":"General Practice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/General_Practice?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=27590581]'), work: {"id":27590581,"title":"Physiotherapists’ and general practitioners’ views of self-referral and physiotherapy scope of practice: results from a national trial","created_at":"2016-08-06T23:44:34.083-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/27590581/Physiotherapists_and_general_practitioners_views_of_self_referral_and_physiotherapy_scope_of_practice_results_from_a_national_trial?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_27590581","summary":"To establish the views of physiotherapists and general practitioners (GPs) on self-referral and physiotherapy scope of practice. Design Survey questionnaire design utilising both qualitative and quantitative questioning. Setting Twenty-six general practices throughout Scotland. Participants Sixty-four physiotherapists and 97 GPs with direct experience of implementing systems of self-referral to physiotherapy in primary care in Scotland. Method Questionnaires containing a mix of open and closed questions were distributed at the end of a year-long data collection period of a national trial (2003)(2004)(2005). Responses were analysed by clinician group: GPs and physiotherapists. Results An overall response rate of 73% (117/161) was achieved. High levels of comfort with, and confidence in, physiotherapists acting as first point of contact practitioners were reported by 96% (67/70) of GPs, and just 6% (3/47) of physiotherapists reported not being comfortable. More than 78% (91/117) of all clinicians indicated that there could be possible and definite benefits for musculoskeletal patients if physiotherapists were involved in monitoring and prescribing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, issuing sickness certificates and requesting X-rays, although this was more strongly supported by physiotherapists (\u003e88% vs \u003e63%; P \u003c 0.001). Seventy-eight percent (35/47) of physiotherapist respondents felt that physiotherapists could accept self-referrals very ably, 47% (21/47) felt that not all physiotherapists were sufficiently experienced, and 16% (7/47) reported the need for additional training before physiotherapists could undertake this role. Only 34% (16/47) of physiotherapists felt that the public understood what physiotherapy is and what it can offer. Conclusion The concept of physiotherapists working as first point of contact practitioners is strongly supported by the majority of GPs and physiotherapists. Potential benefits for patients were identified if physiotherapists undertook extended roles with regard to other aspects of musculoskeletal management. There is a need to address both professional and public awareness of physiotherapy and self-referral specifically.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47852863,"asset_id":27590581,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32172047,"first_name":"Angus","last_name":"McFadyen","domain_name":"webplus","page_name":"AngusMcFadyen","display_name":"Angus McFadyen","profile_url":"https://webplus.academia.edu/AngusMcFadyen?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":593,"name":"Physiotherapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physiotherapy?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":633,"name":"Primary Care","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primary_Care?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":634,"name":"General Practice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/General_Practice?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":56001,"name":"X Rays","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X_Rays?f_ri=25940"},{"id":153168,"name":"Data Collection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Collection?f_ri=25940"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=25940"},{"id":466522,"name":"General practitioner","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/General_practitioner?f_ri=25940"},{"id":538522,"name":"Public awareness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_awareness?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_50180118" data-work_id="50180118" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50180118/Primary_and_secondary_teachers_conceptions_about_heritage_and_heritage_education_A_comparative_analysis">Primary and secondary teachers’ conceptions about heritage and heritage education: A comparative analysis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50180118" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="52fa14375c3fd1a8fba7b178d71077e8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68262495,"asset_id":50180118,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68262495/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16252415" href="https://uhu.academia.edu/JES%C3%9ASESTEPA">JESÚS ESTEPA</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16252415" type="text/json">{"id":16252415,"first_name":"JESÚS","last_name":"ESTEPA","domain_name":"uhu","page_name":"JESÚSESTEPA","display_name":"JESÚS ESTEPA","profile_url":"https://uhu.academia.edu/JES%C3%9ASESTEPA?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16252415/7719076/8655634/s65_jes_s.estepa.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_50180118 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50180118"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50180118, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_50180118", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_50180118 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50180118; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_50180118"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_50180118 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50180118"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50180118; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50180118]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_50180118").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_50180118").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="50180118"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="887" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_and_Learning">Teaching and Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="887" type="text/json">{"id":887,"name":"Teaching and Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_and_Learning?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="71598" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pedagogical_Content_Knowledge">Pedagogical Content Knowledge</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="71598" type="text/json">{"id":71598,"name":"Pedagogical Content Knowledge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pedagogical_Content_Knowledge?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="152553" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Analysis">Comparative Analysis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="152553" type="text/json">{"id":152553,"name":"Comparative Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Analysis?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=50180118]'), work: {"id":50180118,"title":"Primary and secondary teachers’ conceptions about heritage and heritage education: A comparative analysis","created_at":"2021-07-22T22:53:25.253-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/50180118/Primary_and_secondary_teachers_conceptions_about_heritage_and_heritage_education_A_comparative_analysis?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_50180118","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68262495,"asset_id":50180118,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16252415,"first_name":"JESÚS","last_name":"ESTEPA","domain_name":"uhu","page_name":"JESÚSESTEPA","display_name":"JESÚS ESTEPA","profile_url":"https://uhu.academia.edu/JES%C3%9ASESTEPA?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16252415/7719076/8655634/s65_jes_s.estepa.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":887,"name":"Teaching and Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_and_Learning?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":71598,"name":"Pedagogical Content Knowledge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pedagogical_Content_Knowledge?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":152553,"name":"Comparative Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Analysis?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":153168,"name":"Data Collection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Collection?f_ri=25940"},{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=25940"},{"id":508371,"name":"Curriculum and Pedagogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Curriculum_and_Pedagogy?f_ri=25940"},{"id":3403411,"name":"Cultural Background","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Background?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43188588 coauthored" data-work_id="43188588" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43188588/Mizan_Khat_Use_Disorder_Index_MizKUDI_tool_development_and_validation_in_habitual_khat_users">Mizan Khat Use Disorder Index (MizKUDI). tool development and validation in habitual khat users</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Background: Habitual khat use is associated with a host of psychophysiological health consequences. There has been no systematic approach to address the totalitarian aspect of khat use on human health. Here, we present the development and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43188588" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background: Habitual khat use is associated with a host of psychophysiological health consequences. There has been no systematic approach to address the totalitarian aspect of khat use on human health. Here, we present the development and validation of the Mizankhatuse disorder index (MizKUDI)-a tool to assess the health aspects of khat use. <br />Methods: Habitual khat users (n=409, age=27.0±4.0 years), who were purposively selected from the list randomly selected houses in Mizan, Ethiopia participated in a cross-sectional study. Interviewer-administered survey tool with MizKUDI, the severity of dependence for khat (SDS-khat), and a semi-structured socio-demographics tool were employed. <br />Results: MizKUDItotal score did not show a ceiling effect or floor effect. Cronbach's alpha was 0.67. All item-total score correlations were significant (r= 0.12-0.64, p< 0.01/0.05) indicating adequate Internal homogeneity. The area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity of MizKUDI with respect to SDS-khat were 0.67 (p40%) indicated a 3-Component model, while the Kaiser’s criteria (Eigenvalue≥1) and the Scree test suggested a 5-Components of the MizKUDI. Conclusion: The MizKUDI has satisfactory psychometric validity to screen for the health consequences of the habitual khat use. This finding of this preliminary study may help in further development and exploration of a holistic psychophysiological measure to assess effect habitual khat use.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43188588" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7cc46efa0b57f0009ff5ed7080754fcf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63455135,"asset_id":43188588,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63455135/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7638438" href="https://king-saud.academia.edu/BaHammamacademiaedu">Ahmed S BaHammam</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7638438" type="text/json">{"id":7638438,"first_name":"Ahmed","last_name":"BaHammam","domain_name":"king-saud","page_name":"BaHammamacademiaedu","display_name":"Ahmed S BaHammam","profile_url":"https://king-saud.academia.edu/BaHammamacademiaedu?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7638438/2866088/18972329/s65_ahmed.bahammam.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-43188588">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-43188588"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/DilshadManzar">Dilshad Manzar</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-43188588'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-43188588').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_43188588 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="43188588"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43188588; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43188588]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43188588").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43188588").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43188588"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2483" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Addiction">Addiction</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2483" type="text/json">{"id":2483,"name":"Addiction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Addiction?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24735" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cardiovascular_disease">Cardiovascular disease</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="24735" type="text/json">{"id":24735,"name":"Cardiovascular disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cardiovascular_disease?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="71037" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Qat_Catha_edulis_">Qat (Catha edulis)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="71037" type="text/json">{"id":71037,"name":"Qat (Catha edulis)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Qat_Catha_edulis_?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43188588]'), work: {"id":43188588,"title":"Mizan Khat Use Disorder Index (MizKUDI). tool development and validation in habitual khat users","created_at":"2020-05-28T09:21:34.043-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43188588/Mizan_Khat_Use_Disorder_Index_MizKUDI_tool_development_and_validation_in_habitual_khat_users?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_43188588","summary":"Background: Habitual khat use is associated with a host of psychophysiological health consequences. There has been no systematic approach to address the totalitarian aspect of khat use on human health. Here, we present the development and validation of the Mizankhatuse disorder index (MizKUDI)-a tool to assess the health aspects of khat use. \nMethods: Habitual khat users (n=409, age=27.0±4.0 years), who were purposively selected from the list randomly selected houses in Mizan, Ethiopia participated in a cross-sectional study. Interviewer-administered survey tool with MizKUDI, the severity of dependence for khat (SDS-khat), and a semi-structured socio-demographics tool were employed. \nResults: MizKUDItotal score did not show a ceiling effect or floor effect. Cronbach's alpha was 0.67. All item-total score correlations were significant (r= 0.12-0.64, p\u003c 0.01/0.05) indicating adequate Internal homogeneity. The area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity of MizKUDI with respect to SDS-khat were 0.67 (p40%) indicated a 3-Component model, while the Kaiser’s criteria (Eigenvalue≥1) and the Scree test suggested a 5-Components of the MizKUDI. Conclusion: The MizKUDI has satisfactory psychometric validity to screen for the health consequences of the habitual khat use. This finding of this preliminary study may help in further development and exploration of a holistic psychophysiological measure to assess effect habitual khat use.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63455135,"asset_id":43188588,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7638438,"first_name":"Ahmed","last_name":"BaHammam","domain_name":"king-saud","page_name":"BaHammamacademiaedu","display_name":"Ahmed S BaHammam","profile_url":"https://king-saud.academia.edu/BaHammamacademiaedu?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7638438/2866088/18972329/s65_ahmed.bahammam.jpg"},{"id":6011826,"first_name":"Dilshad","last_name":"Manzar","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DilshadManzar","display_name":"Dilshad Manzar","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DilshadManzar?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6011826/2539569/2947634/s65_dilshad.manzar.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2483,"name":"Addiction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Addiction?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":24735,"name":"Cardiovascular disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cardiovascular_disease?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":71037,"name":"Qat (Catha edulis)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Qat_Catha_edulis_?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":71399,"name":"Hypertension","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hypertension?f_ri=25940"},{"id":72353,"name":"Substance Use","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Substance_Use?f_ri=25940"},{"id":75318,"name":"Smoking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Smoking?f_ri=25940"},{"id":91905,"name":"Cerebrovascular Disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cerebrovascular_Disease?f_ri=25940"},{"id":107586,"name":"Chat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chat?f_ri=25940"},{"id":126196,"name":"Nicotine Dependence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nicotine_Dependence?f_ri=25940"},{"id":144833,"name":"Validity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Validity?f_ri=25940"},{"id":145205,"name":"Dependence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dependence?f_ri=25940"},{"id":160676,"name":"Consistency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consistency?f_ri=25940"},{"id":179537,"name":"Khat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Khat?f_ri=25940"},{"id":486564,"name":"Cigarettes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cigarettes?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13429386" data-work_id="13429386" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13429386/The_functional_status_questionnaire">The functional status questionnaire</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A comprehensive functional assessment requires thorough and careful inquiry, which is difficult to accomplish in most busy clinical practices. This paper examines the reliability and validity of the Functional Status Questionnaire (FSQ),... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13429386" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A comprehensive functional assessment requires thorough and careful inquiry, which is difficult to accomplish in most busy clinical practices. This paper examines the reliability and validity of the Functional Status Questionnaire (FSQ), a brief, standardized, self-administered questionnaire designed to provide a comprehensive and feasible assessment of physical, psychological, social and role function in ambulatory patients. The FSQ can be completed and computer-scored in minutes to produce a one-page report which includes six summated-rating scale scores and six single-item scores. The clinician can use this report both to screen for and to monitor patients" functional status. In this study, the FSQ was administered to 49? regular users of Boston's Beth Israel Hospital's Healthcare Associates and</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13429386" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dd3f89a6402051468269c4cb9a381a4f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45352476,"asset_id":13429386,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45352476/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32642945" href="https://ucla.academia.edu/LisaRubenstein">Lisa Rubenstein</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32642945" type="text/json">{"id":32642945,"first_name":"Lisa","last_name":"Rubenstein","domain_name":"ucla","page_name":"LisaRubenstein","display_name":"Lisa Rubenstein","profile_url":"https://ucla.academia.edu/LisaRubenstein?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13429386 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13429386"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13429386, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13429386", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=13429386]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_13429386").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_13429386").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="13429386"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">22</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="428" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Algorithms">Algorithms</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="428" type="text/json">{"id":428,"name":"Algorithms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Algorithms?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="633" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primary_Care">Primary Care</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="633" type="text/json">{"id":633,"name":"Primary Care","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primary_Care?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2827" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mental_Health">Mental Health</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2827" type="text/json">{"id":2827,"name":"Mental Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mental_Health?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2974" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primary_Health_Care">Primary Health Care</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2974" type="text/json">{"id":2974,"name":"Primary Health Care","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primary_Health_Care?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13429386]'), work: {"id":13429386,"title":"The functional status questionnaire","created_at":"2015-06-29T13:16:47.665-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13429386/The_functional_status_questionnaire?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_13429386","summary":"A comprehensive functional assessment requires thorough and careful inquiry, which is difficult to accomplish in most busy clinical practices. This paper examines the reliability and validity of the Functional Status Questionnaire (FSQ), a brief, standardized, self-administered questionnaire designed to provide a comprehensive and feasible assessment of physical, psychological, social and role function in ambulatory patients. The FSQ can be completed and computer-scored in minutes to produce a one-page report which includes six summated-rating scale scores and six single-item scores. The clinician can use this report both to screen for and to monitor patients\" functional status. In this study, the FSQ was administered to 49? regular users of Boston's Beth Israel Hospital's Healthcare Associates and","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45352476,"asset_id":13429386,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32642945,"first_name":"Lisa","last_name":"Rubenstein","domain_name":"ucla","page_name":"LisaRubenstein","display_name":"Lisa Rubenstein","profile_url":"https://ucla.academia.edu/LisaRubenstein?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":428,"name":"Algorithms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Algorithms?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":633,"name":"Primary Care","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primary_Care?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":2827,"name":"Mental Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mental_Health?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":2974,"name":"Primary Health Care","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primary_Health_Care?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":10572,"name":"General Internal Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/General_Internal_Medicine?f_ri=25940"},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940"},{"id":39799,"name":"Los Angeles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Los_Angeles?f_ri=25940"},{"id":44529,"name":"Activities of Daily Living","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Activities_of_Daily_Living?f_ri=25940"},{"id":52836,"name":"Clinical Practice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Practice?f_ri=25940"},{"id":53331,"name":"Social behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_behavior?f_ri=25940"},{"id":65390,"name":"Internal Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Internal_Medicine?f_ri=25940"},{"id":69426,"name":"General","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/General?f_ri=25940"},{"id":87272,"name":"Work","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Work?f_ri=25940"},{"id":96347,"name":"Role","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Role?f_ri=25940"},{"id":104434,"name":"Construct Validity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Construct_Validity?f_ri=25940"},{"id":129580,"name":"Functional Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Functional_Assessment?f_ri=25940"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=25940"},{"id":245071,"name":"Rating Scale","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rating_Scale?f_ri=25940"},{"id":298035,"name":"Validity and Reliability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Validity_and_Reliability?f_ri=25940"},{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=25940"},{"id":628583,"name":"Social Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Behavior-1?f_ri=25940"},{"id":1441309,"name":"Functional Status","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Functional_Status?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7138976" data-work_id="7138976" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7138976/The_Health_Education_Impact_Questionnaire_heiQ_an_outcomes_and_evaluation_measure_for_patient_education_and_self_management_interventions_for_people_with_chronic_conditions">The Health Education Impact Questionnaire (heiQ): an outcomes and evaluation measure for patient education and self-management interventions for people with chronic conditions</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Objective: This paper describes the development and validation of the Health Education Impact Questionnaire (heiQ). The aim was to develop a user-friendly, relevant, and psychometrically sound instrument for the comprehensive evaluation... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7138976" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Objective: This paper describes the development and validation of the Health Education Impact Questionnaire (heiQ). The aim was to develop a user-friendly, relevant, and psychometrically sound instrument for the comprehensive evaluation of patient education programs, which can be applied across a broad range of chronic conditions. Methods: Item development for the heiQ was guided by a Program Logic Model, Concept Mapping, interviews with stakeholders and psychometric analyses. Construction (N = 591) and confirmatory (N = 598) samples were drawn from consumers of patient education programs and hospital outpatients. The properties of the heiQ were investigated using item response theory and structural equation modeling. Results: Over 90 candidate items were generated, with 42 items selected for inclusion in the final scale. Eight independent dimensions were derived: Positive and Active Engagement in Life (five items, Cronbach's alpha (a) = 0.86); Health Directed Behavior (four items, a = 0.80); Skill and Technique Acquisition (five items, a = 0.81); Constructive Attitudes and Approaches (five items, a = 0.81); Self-Monitoring and Insight (seven items, a = 0.70); Health Service Navigation (five items, a = 0.82); Social Integration and Support (five items, a = 0.86); and Emotional Wellbeing (six items, a = 0.89). Conclusion: The heiQ has high construct validity and is a reliable measure of a broad range of patient education program benefits. Practice Implications: The heiQ will provide valuable information to clinicians, researchers, policymakers and other stakeholders about the value of patient education programs in chronic disease management. #</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7138976" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1dcc0af2e1170d3b9c948c400b559913" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48585812,"asset_id":7138976,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48585812/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2290034" href="https://deakin.academia.edu/RichardOsborne">Richard H Osborne</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2290034" type="text/json">{"id":2290034,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Osborne","domain_name":"deakin","page_name":"RichardOsborne","display_name":"Richard H Osborne","profile_url":"https://deakin.academia.edu/RichardOsborne?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2290034/727344/5206704/s65_richard.osborne.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7138976 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7138976"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7138976, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7138976", }); 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The aim was to develop a user-friendly, relevant, and psychometrically sound instrument for the comprehensive evaluation of patient education programs, which can be applied across a broad range of chronic conditions. Methods: Item development for the heiQ was guided by a Program Logic Model, Concept Mapping, interviews with stakeholders and psychometric analyses. Construction (N = 591) and confirmatory (N = 598) samples were drawn from consumers of patient education programs and hospital outpatients. The properties of the heiQ were investigated using item response theory and structural equation modeling. Results: Over 90 candidate items were generated, with 42 items selected for inclusion in the final scale. Eight independent dimensions were derived: Positive and Active Engagement in Life (five items, Cronbach's alpha (a) = 0.86); Health Directed Behavior (four items, a = 0.80); Skill and Technique Acquisition (five items, a = 0.81); Constructive Attitudes and Approaches (five items, a = 0.81); Self-Monitoring and Insight (seven items, a = 0.70); Health Service Navigation (five items, a = 0.82); Social Integration and Support (five items, a = 0.86); and Emotional Wellbeing (six items, a = 0.89). Conclusion: The heiQ has high construct validity and is a reliable measure of a broad range of patient education program benefits. Practice Implications: The heiQ will provide valuable information to clinicians, researchers, policymakers and other stakeholders about the value of patient education programs in chronic disease management. #","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48585812,"asset_id":7138976,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2290034,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Osborne","domain_name":"deakin","page_name":"RichardOsborne","display_name":"Richard H Osborne","profile_url":"https://deakin.academia.edu/RichardOsborne?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2290034/727344/5206704/s65_richard.osborne.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":202,"name":"Program Evaluation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Program_Evaluation?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":1048,"name":"Health Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Behavior?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":2599,"name":"Psychometrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychometrics?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":6697,"name":"Australia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Australia?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":7428,"name":"Health Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Education?f_ri=25940"},{"id":7470,"name":"Quality of life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quality_of_life?f_ri=25940"},{"id":9590,"name":"Self Care","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_Care?f_ri=25940"},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940"},{"id":27171,"name":"Patient reported outcome measures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patient_reported_outcome_measures?f_ri=25940"},{"id":28850,"name":"Linear models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linear_models?f_ri=25940"},{"id":46406,"name":"Motivation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Motivation?f_ri=25940"},{"id":50581,"name":"Self Efficacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_Efficacy?f_ri=25940"},{"id":52710,"name":"Patient education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patient_education?f_ri=25940"},{"id":97269,"name":"Chronic Disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chronic_Disease?f_ri=25940"},{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=25940"},{"id":481843,"name":"Psychology of Power","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_of_Power?f_ri=25940"},{"id":816819,"name":"Psychological Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychological_Models?f_ri=25940"},{"id":906958,"name":"Disease Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disease_Management?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17325552" data-work_id="17325552" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17325552/A_case_study_into_the_language_structure_of_construction_standard_form_in_Malaysia">A case study into the language structure of construction standard form in Malaysia</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Different interpretation could denote a dispute regarding the contractual obligations and expectation between the contracting parties. This paper addresses the need for clarity of standard form in Malaysia. Hence the objectives are to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_17325552" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Different interpretation could denote a dispute regarding the contractual obligations and expectation between the contracting parties. This paper addresses the need for clarity of standard form in Malaysia. Hence the objectives are to identify the problems in the language structure of standard form from the viewpoint of professionals, and the measures for improving the language structure of standard form. The research aims to mitigate or prevent construction disputes through better interpretation and understanding of construction contracts, and it offers a proactive approach to avoid the inevitability of conflicts occurring in a project. The data collection was mainly by questionnaire survey. Two experts from construction contracting were appointed to approve the questionnaire design and verify the research outcomes. The results identified eight clarity aspects and three legalese problems of language structure in PWD 203A (Rev. 10/83) Form. Besides, twelve out of thirteen measures were agreed upon by the respondents as to ways for improving the language structure. It is concluded that clarity needs to be considered in future contract drafting towards the understanding of standard forms, and thereby to contribute to the avoidance of disputes.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17325552" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3d5aaaa70f3e644dddddb95da1a727d6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39445782,"asset_id":17325552,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39445782/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37021864" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HeapyihChong">Heap-yih Chong</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37021864" type="text/json">{"id":37021864,"first_name":"Heap-yih","last_name":"Chong","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HeapyihChong","display_name":"Heap-yih Chong","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HeapyihChong?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17325552 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17325552"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17325552, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17325552", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17325552]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_17325552").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_17325552").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17325552"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2277" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Project_Management">Project Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2277" type="text/json">{"id":2277,"name":"Project Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Project_Management?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="96047" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Case_Study">Case Study</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="96047" type="text/json">{"id":96047,"name":"Case Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Case_Study?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="153168" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Collection">Data Collection</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="153168" type="text/json">{"id":153168,"name":"Data Collection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Collection?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17325552]'), work: {"id":17325552,"title":"A case study into the language structure of construction standard form in Malaysia","created_at":"2015-10-26T19:53:53.349-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/17325552/A_case_study_into_the_language_structure_of_construction_standard_form_in_Malaysia?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_17325552","summary":"Different interpretation could denote a dispute regarding the contractual obligations and expectation between the contracting parties. This paper addresses the need for clarity of standard form in Malaysia. Hence the objectives are to identify the problems in the language structure of standard form from the viewpoint of professionals, and the measures for improving the language structure of standard form. The research aims to mitigate or prevent construction disputes through better interpretation and understanding of construction contracts, and it offers a proactive approach to avoid the inevitability of conflicts occurring in a project. The data collection was mainly by questionnaire survey. Two experts from construction contracting were appointed to approve the questionnaire design and verify the research outcomes. The results identified eight clarity aspects and three legalese problems of language structure in PWD 203A (Rev. 10/83) Form. Besides, twelve out of thirteen measures were agreed upon by the respondents as to ways for improving the language structure. It is concluded that clarity needs to be considered in future contract drafting towards the understanding of standard forms, and thereby to contribute to the avoidance of disputes.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39445782,"asset_id":17325552,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37021864,"first_name":"Heap-yih","last_name":"Chong","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HeapyihChong","display_name":"Heap-yih Chong","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HeapyihChong?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2277,"name":"Project Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Project_Management?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":96047,"name":"Case Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Case_Study?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":153168,"name":"Data Collection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Collection?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":1457067,"name":"Questionnaire Survey","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_Survey?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9374946" data-work_id="9374946" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9374946/Composite_Scale_of_Morningness_Psychometric_properties_validity_with_Munich_ChronoType_Questionnaire_and_age_sex_differences_in_Poland">Composite Scale of Morningness: Psychometric properties, validity with Munich ChronoType Questionnaire and age/sex differences in Poland</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The present study aimed at testing psychometric properties of the Composite Scale of Morningness (CSM) and validating it with mid sleep on free days (MSF) derived from the Munich ChronoType Questionnaire (MCTQ) in Poland, along with... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9374946" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The present study aimed at testing psychometric properties of the Composite Scale of Morningness (CSM) and validating it with mid sleep on free days (MSF) derived from the Munich ChronoType Questionnaire (MCTQ) in Poland, along with analyzing age and sex differences in the CSM and MSF. A sample of 952 Polish residents (62.6% females) aged between 13 and 46 was tested. Additionally, a sample of 33 university students were given MCTQ and filled in a sleep diary for 8 days. MSF derived from MCTQ was related to the one from sleep diary (r = .44). The study revealed good reliability of the CSM (α = .84) and its validity: greater morningness preference was associated with earlier MSF from MCTQ (r = –.52). CSM scores were distributed over its full range, with a mean of 34, and did not differ between sexes, although females were earlier than males by 23 minutes in MSF. Regarding age, eveningness estimated with both CSM and MSF was greatest in subjects aged 16–18 years, and a shift toward eveningness during puberty and a shift back toward morningness in older age was observed. The Polish version of the CSM consisted of two components of morningness. Cutoff scores were: for evening types (lower 10%) 24 or less, for morning types (upper 10%) 43 or more. The Polish CSM presents good psychometric properties, which are similar to those reported in other language versions, and also presents sex/age patterns similar to those found previously.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9374946" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="701c2636330e173470b8d4dc5217ca46" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36272585,"asset_id":9374946,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36272585/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2837486" href="https://uw.academia.edu/KonradJankowski">Konrad S Jankowski</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2837486" type="text/json">{"id":2837486,"first_name":"Konrad","last_name":"Jankowski","domain_name":"uw","page_name":"KonradJankowski","display_name":"Konrad S Jankowski","profile_url":"https://uw.academia.edu/KonradJankowski?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2837486/930281/1164898/s65_konrad.jankowski.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9374946 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9374946"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9374946, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9374946", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9374946]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9374946").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9374946").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9374946"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="150" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chronobiology">Chronobiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="150" type="text/json">{"id":150,"name":"Chronobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chronobiology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="161" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neuroscience">Neuroscience</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="161" type="text/json">{"id":161,"name":"Neuroscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neuroscience?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="226" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Psychology">Clinical Psychology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="226" type="text/json">{"id":226,"name":"Clinical Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9374946]'), work: {"id":9374946,"title":"Composite Scale of Morningness: Psychometric properties, validity with Munich ChronoType Questionnaire and age/sex differences in Poland","created_at":"2014-11-18T07:58:25.330-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9374946/Composite_Scale_of_Morningness_Psychometric_properties_validity_with_Munich_ChronoType_Questionnaire_and_age_sex_differences_in_Poland?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_9374946","summary":"The present study aimed at testing psychometric properties of the Composite Scale of Morningness (CSM) and validating it with mid sleep on free days (MSF) derived from the Munich ChronoType Questionnaire (MCTQ) in Poland, along with analyzing age and sex differences in the CSM and MSF. A sample of 952 Polish residents (62.6% females) aged between 13 and 46 was tested. Additionally, a sample of 33 university students were given MCTQ and filled in a sleep diary for 8 days. MSF derived from MCTQ was related to the one from sleep diary (r = .44). The study revealed good reliability of the CSM (α = .84) and its validity: greater morningness preference was associated with earlier MSF from MCTQ (r = –.52). CSM scores were distributed over its full range, with a mean of 34, and did not differ between sexes, although females were earlier than males by 23 minutes in MSF. Regarding age, eveningness estimated with both CSM and MSF was greatest in subjects aged 16–18 years, and a shift toward eveningness during puberty and a shift back toward morningness in older age was observed. The Polish version of the CSM consisted of two components of morningness. Cutoff scores were: for evening types (lower 10%) 24 or less, for morning types (upper 10%) 43 or more. The Polish CSM presents good psychometric properties, which are similar to those reported in other language versions, and also presents sex/age patterns similar to those found previously.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36272585,"asset_id":9374946,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2837486,"first_name":"Konrad","last_name":"Jankowski","domain_name":"uw","page_name":"KonradJankowski","display_name":"Konrad S Jankowski","profile_url":"https://uw.academia.edu/KonradJankowski?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2837486/930281/1164898/s65_konrad.jankowski.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":150,"name":"Chronobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chronobiology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":161,"name":"Neuroscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neuroscience?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":226,"name":"Clinical Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":242,"name":"Personality Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Personality_Psychology?f_ri=25940"},{"id":248,"name":"Social Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Psychology?f_ri=25940"},{"id":252,"name":"Developmental Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developmental_Psychology?f_ri=25940"},{"id":635,"name":"Psychiatry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychiatry?f_ri=25940"},{"id":2265,"name":"Sleep Physiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sleep_Physiology?f_ri=25940"},{"id":7490,"name":"Gender Equality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Equality?f_ri=25940"},{"id":14498,"name":"Sleep Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sleep_Medicine?f_ri=25940"},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940"},{"id":27315,"name":"Sleep \u0026 Circadian Rhythms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sleep_and_Circadian_Rhythms?f_ri=25940"},{"id":71225,"name":"Sleep Quality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sleep_Quality?f_ri=25940"},{"id":71805,"name":"Sleep and society","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sleep_and_society?f_ri=25940"},{"id":74543,"name":"Sleep and Dreaming","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sleep_and_Dreaming?f_ri=25940"},{"id":106431,"name":"Sleep disorders","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sleep_disorders?f_ri=25940"},{"id":133324,"name":"Sleep","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sleep?f_ri=25940"},{"id":286235,"name":"Chronotype","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chronotype?f_ri=25940"},{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1491884" data-work_id="1491884" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1491884/Measuring_mindfulness_The_Freiburg_Mindfulness_Inventory_FMI_Walach_H_Buchheld_N_Buttenm%C3%BCller_V_Kleinknecht_N_Schmidt_S_2006_Personality_and_Individual_Differences_40_1543_1555">Measuring mindfulness – The Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI). Walach, H., Buchheld, N., Buttenmüller, V., Kleinknecht, N., Schmidt, S. (2006) Personality and Individual Differences, 40: 1543-1555.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Mindfulness, a concept originally derived from Buddhist psychology, is essential for some well-known clinical interventions. Therefore an instrument for measuring mindfulness is useful. We report here on two studies constructing and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1491884" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Mindfulness, a concept originally derived from Buddhist psychology, is essential for some well-known clinical interventions. Therefore an instrument for measuring mindfulness is useful. We report here on two studies constructing and validating the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI) including a short form. A preliminary questionnaire was constructed through expert interviews and extensive literature analysis and tested in 115 subjects attending mindfulness meditation retreats. This psychometrically sound 30-item scale with an internal consistency of Cronbach alpha = .93 was able to significantly demonstrate the increase in mindfulness after the retreat and to discriminate between experienced and novice meditators. In a second study we broadened the scope of the concept to 86 subjects without meditation experience, 117 subjects with clinical problems, and 54 participants from retreats. Reducing the scale to a short form with 14 items resulted in a semantically robust and psychometrically stable (alpha = .86) form. Correlation 0191-8869/$ -see front matter Ó (H. Walach).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1491884" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2643a5f77f52e98c4c58852a620f9418" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":30863884,"asset_id":1491884,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/30863884/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="138991" href="https://euv-frankfurt-o.academia.edu/HaraldWalach">Harald Walach</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="138991" type="text/json">{"id":138991,"first_name":"Harald","last_name":"Walach","domain_name":"euv-frankfurt-o","page_name":"HaraldWalach","display_name":"Harald Walach","profile_url":"https://euv-frankfurt-o.academia.edu/HaraldWalach?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/138991/36877/33877/s65_harald.walach.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1491884 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1491884"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1491884, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1491884", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_1491884 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1491884; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_1491884"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_1491884 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="1491884"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1491884; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1491884]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1491884").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1491884").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1491884"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1750" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assessment">Assessment</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1750" type="text/json">{"id":1750,"name":"Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assessment?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3810" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mindfulness">Mindfulness</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3810" type="text/json">{"id":3810,"name":"Mindfulness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mindfulness?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57275" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Meditation">Meditation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="57275" type="text/json">{"id":57275,"name":"Meditation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Meditation?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1491884]'), work: {"id":1491884,"title":"Measuring mindfulness – The Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI). Walach, H., Buchheld, N., Buttenmüller, V., Kleinknecht, N., Schmidt, S. (2006) Personality and Individual Differences, 40: 1543-1555.","created_at":"2012-03-29T20:06:12.857-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1491884/Measuring_mindfulness_The_Freiburg_Mindfulness_Inventory_FMI_Walach_H_Buchheld_N_Buttenm%C3%BCller_V_Kleinknecht_N_Schmidt_S_2006_Personality_and_Individual_Differences_40_1543_1555?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_1491884","summary":"Mindfulness, a concept originally derived from Buddhist psychology, is essential for some well-known clinical interventions. Therefore an instrument for measuring mindfulness is useful. We report here on two studies constructing and validating the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI) including a short form. A preliminary questionnaire was constructed through expert interviews and extensive literature analysis and tested in 115 subjects attending mindfulness meditation retreats. This psychometrically sound 30-item scale with an internal consistency of Cronbach alpha = .93 was able to significantly demonstrate the increase in mindfulness after the retreat and to discriminate between experienced and novice meditators. In a second study we broadened the scope of the concept to 86 subjects without meditation experience, 117 subjects with clinical problems, and 54 participants from retreats. Reducing the scale to a short form with 14 items resulted in a semantically robust and psychometrically stable (alpha = .86) form. Correlation 0191-8869/$ -see front matter Ó (H. Walach).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":30863884,"asset_id":1491884,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":138991,"first_name":"Harald","last_name":"Walach","domain_name":"euv-frankfurt-o","page_name":"HaraldWalach","display_name":"Harald Walach","profile_url":"https://euv-frankfurt-o.academia.edu/HaraldWalach?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/138991/36877/33877/s65_harald.walach.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1750,"name":"Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assessment?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":3810,"name":"Mindfulness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mindfulness?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":57275,"name":"Meditation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Meditation?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":956340,"name":"Validity Measurement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Validity_Measurement?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38155238" data-work_id="38155238" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38155238/Using_questionnaires">Using questionnaires</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This chapter explores the use of questionnaires as a data-collection method in educational research and offers critical discussion of their benefits and limitations. It considers different types of questions, such as open, closed, scaled... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38155238" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This chapter explores the use of questionnaires as a data-collection method in educational research and offers critical discussion of their benefits and limitations. It considers different types of questions, such as open, closed, scaled and multi-choice, and examines specific issues of question phrasing and question sequencing. The discussion draws in particular on the author's use of questionnaire surveys in three quantitative and qualitative projects, including comparative research. The questionnaires in these projects were paper-based or online, and one was based on an under-utilized but very useful word-association technique. Practical issues examined include piloting, informed consent, annotation of participant responses and analysis of data. The chapter concludes with recommendations about using questionnaires for both novice and experienced educational researchers. Practical Research Methods in Education is a hands-on guide which critically explores and scrutinizes research methods used in educational enquiry. It is a unique and valuable resource for any students interested and engaged in the planning and completion of their own investigations. Routledge • Amazon • Academia • Facebook</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38155238" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a47dc79af446b6a0443ae87c5a401a1b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58188669,"asset_id":38155238,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58188669/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="14725" href="https://wlv.academia.edu/BrendanBartram">Brendan Bartram</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="14725" type="text/json">{"id":14725,"first_name":"Brendan","last_name":"Bartram","domain_name":"wlv","page_name":"BrendanBartram","display_name":"Brendan Bartram","profile_url":"https://wlv.academia.edu/BrendanBartram?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14725/658076/19588531/s65_brendan.bartram.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38155238 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38155238"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38155238, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38155238", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38155238]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38155238").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38155238").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38155238"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1230" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Research_Methods_and_Methodology">Social Research Methods and Methodology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1230" type="text/json">{"id":1230,"name":"Social Research Methods and Methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Research_Methods_and_Methodology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2065" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Methodology">Research Methodology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2065" type="text/json">{"id":2065,"name":"Research Methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Methodology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2621" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Education">Higher Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2621" type="text/json">{"id":2621,"name":"Higher Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Education?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3429" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Research">Educational Research</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3429" type="text/json">{"id":3429,"name":"Educational Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Research?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38155238]'), work: {"id":38155238,"title":"Using questionnaires","created_at":"2019-01-15T03:05:05.416-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38155238/Using_questionnaires?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_38155238","summary":"This chapter explores the use of questionnaires as a data-collection method in educational research and offers critical discussion of their benefits and limitations. It considers different types of questions, such as open, closed, scaled and multi-choice, and examines specific issues of question phrasing and question sequencing. The discussion draws in particular on the author's use of questionnaire surveys in three quantitative and qualitative projects, including comparative research. The questionnaires in these projects were paper-based or online, and one was based on an under-utilized but very useful word-association technique. Practical issues examined include piloting, informed consent, annotation of participant responses and analysis of data. The chapter concludes with recommendations about using questionnaires for both novice and experienced educational researchers. Practical Research Methods in Education is a hands-on guide which critically explores and scrutinizes research methods used in educational enquiry. It is a unique and valuable resource for any students interested and engaged in the planning and completion of their own investigations. Routledge • Amazon • Academia • Facebook","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58188669,"asset_id":38155238,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":14725,"first_name":"Brendan","last_name":"Bartram","domain_name":"wlv","page_name":"BrendanBartram","display_name":"Brendan Bartram","profile_url":"https://wlv.academia.edu/BrendanBartram?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14725/658076/19588531/s65_brendan.bartram.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1230,"name":"Social Research Methods and Methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Research_Methods_and_Methodology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":2065,"name":"Research Methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Methodology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":2621,"name":"Higher Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Education?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":3429,"name":"Educational Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Research?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44704116" data-work_id="44704116" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44704116/THE_JAMAICAN_HEALTHY_LIFESTYLE_SURVEY_2000_PREVALENCE_OF_CHRONIC_DISEASES_ANAEMIA_PREGNANT_WOMEN_AND_CHILDREN_INJURIES_AND_THEIR_RISK_FACTORS_AND_RELATIONSHIPS_TO_FOOD_CONSUMPTION_AND_LIFESTYLE_PROJECT_REPORT">THE JAMAICAN HEALTHY LIFESTYLE SURVEY 2000 PREVALENCE OF CHRONIC DISEASES, ANAEMIA (PREGNANT WOMEN AND CHILDREN), INJURIES AND THEIR RISK FACTORS AND RELATIONSHIPS TO FOOD CONSUMPTION AND LIFESTYLE PROJECT REPORT</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This report is a compilation of findings from the first Jamaican Healthy Lifestyle Survey (JHLS I) which sought to determine health status, nutritional habits, lifestyle and behaviour in a nationally representative sample of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44704116" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This report is a compilation of findings from the first Jamaican Healthy Lifestyle Survey (JHLS I)  which sought to determine health status, nutritional habits, lifestyle and behaviour in a nationally representative sample of 15-74-year-old Jamaican adults and  to assess the association of  these chracteristics - health status, nutritional habits, lifestyle and behaviour - to relevant demographic and socio-economic variables.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44704116" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4293f83be1d4b51e59e30400fc18c632" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65182006,"asset_id":44704116,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65182006/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="43867051" href="https://mona-uwi.academia.edu/NovieYoungerColeman">Novie Younger-Coleman</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="43867051" type="text/json">{"id":43867051,"first_name":"Novie","last_name":"Younger-Coleman","domain_name":"mona-uwi","page_name":"NovieYoungerColeman","display_name":"Novie Younger-Coleman","profile_url":"https://mona-uwi.academia.edu/NovieYoungerColeman?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/43867051/42668325/34161481/s65_novie.younger.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44704116 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44704116"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44704116, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44704116", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_44704116 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44704116; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_44704116"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44704116 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44704116"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44704116; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44704116]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44704116").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44704116").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44704116"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10669" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Survey_Methodology">Survey Methodology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10669" type="text/json">{"id":10669,"name":"Survey Methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Survey_Methodology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="566534" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology_and_biostatistics">Epidemiology and biostatistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="566534" type="text/json">{"id":566534,"name":"Epidemiology and biostatistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology_and_biostatistics?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44704116]'), work: {"id":44704116,"title":"THE JAMAICAN HEALTHY LIFESTYLE SURVEY 2000 PREVALENCE OF CHRONIC DISEASES, ANAEMIA (PREGNANT WOMEN AND CHILDREN), INJURIES AND THEIR RISK FACTORS AND RELATIONSHIPS TO FOOD CONSUMPTION AND LIFESTYLE PROJECT REPORT","created_at":"2020-12-14T13:05:04.103-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44704116/THE_JAMAICAN_HEALTHY_LIFESTYLE_SURVEY_2000_PREVALENCE_OF_CHRONIC_DISEASES_ANAEMIA_PREGNANT_WOMEN_AND_CHILDREN_INJURIES_AND_THEIR_RISK_FACTORS_AND_RELATIONSHIPS_TO_FOOD_CONSUMPTION_AND_LIFESTYLE_PROJECT_REPORT?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_44704116","summary":"This report is a compilation of findings from the first Jamaican Healthy Lifestyle Survey (JHLS I) which sought to determine health status, nutritional habits, lifestyle and behaviour in a nationally representative sample of 15-74-year-old Jamaican adults and to assess the association of these chracteristics - health status, nutritional habits, lifestyle and behaviour - to relevant demographic and socio-economic variables.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65182006,"asset_id":44704116,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":43867051,"first_name":"Novie","last_name":"Younger-Coleman","domain_name":"mona-uwi","page_name":"NovieYoungerColeman","display_name":"Novie Younger-Coleman","profile_url":"https://mona-uwi.academia.edu/NovieYoungerColeman?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/43867051/42668325/34161481/s65_novie.younger.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":10669,"name":"Survey Methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Survey_Methodology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":566534,"name":"Epidemiology and biostatistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiology_and_biostatistics?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div 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itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35787468/Question%C3%A1rio_Mosaico_de_Opini%C3%B5es_Sobre_o_Aborto_Induzido_Avalia%C3%A7%C3%A3o_das_propriedades_da_medida_e_aplica%C3%A7%C3%A3o_em_uma_amostra_de_profissionais_da_sa%C3%BAde_brasileiros">Questionário “Mosaico de Opiniões Sobre o Aborto Induzido”: Avaliação das propriedades da medida e aplicação em uma amostra de profissionais da saúde brasileiros</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Introdução: No Brasil, a provisão do abortamento legal e seguro tem sido frequentemente negada ou praticada de maneira discriminatória em instituições públicas e particulares. Para diversos autores, esse problema resulta da dificuldade de... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35787468" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Introdução: No Brasil, a provisão do abortamento legal e seguro tem sido frequentemente negada ou praticada de maneira discriminatória em instituições públicas e particulares. Para diversos autores, esse problema resulta da dificuldade de os profissionais da saúde desvencilharem a prática profissional de seus valores pessoais. Nesse quadro, se desconhece a existência de instrumentos específicos e validados de avaliação da moralidade do abortamento por profissionais da saúde brasileiros. <br />Objetivo: Avaliar as propriedades da medida do questionário “Mosaico de Opiniões Sobre o Aborto Induzido” e utilizá-lo para conhecer as opiniões de profissionais da saúde sobre a moralidade do abortamento legal. <br />Métodos: Realizou-se estudo metodológico dividido em quatro etapas. Na primeira, o questionário foi pré-testado em uma amostra intencional de pesquisadores de ciências da saúde e de ciências humanas de uma universidade pública. Foram avaliados os aspectos textuais do questionário, a viabilidade de sua aplicação pela internet e o tempo necessário para se respondê-lo. Na segunda, o questionário foi testado em uma amostra aleatória de médicos, enfermeiros, psicólogos, assistentes sociais e farmacêuticos de um hospital público e universitário. Avaliaram-se os mesmos aspectos da etapa anterior. Na terceira, promoveu-se estudo multicêntrico mediante a aplicação do questionário em uma amostra não aleatória de profissionais de sete hospitais públicos universitários. Realizou-se análise fatorial confirmatória, avaliação da validade convergente e divergente do modelo proposto, validação por grupos conhecidos e avaliação da consistência interna do questionário. Na quarta etapa, realizou-se análise secundária dos dados quanti-qualitativos obtidos na etapa anterior, desta vez com o objetivo de conhecer as opiniões dos sujeitos do estudo sobre a moralidade do abortamento. Empreendeu-se uma análise de regressão linear múltipla para conhecer os determinantes dos construtos do questionário. Os dados qualitativos foram utilizados para ilustrar ou explicar os resultados da análise estatística. <br />Resultados: 430 sujeitos participaram do estudo (10 no pré-teste, 32 no teste e 388 na etapa multicêntrica). Nas etapas de teste, todos os aspectos avaliados obtiveram resultados satisfatórios. Na etapa multicêntrica, a análise fatorial confirmatória permitiu a redução do questionário de 42 para 32 itens, com bons indicadores de propriedades da medida. A análise das opiniões dos participantes constatou que os construtos liberais tinham escores superiores aos conservadores. O adequado conhecimento das leis sobre o aborto induzido foi o principal determinante dos construtos liberais. A adesão religiosa e a falta de treinamento recente foram os determinantes mais frequentes dos construtos conservadores. <br />Conclusão: O questionário obteve resultados satisfatórios em todas as etapas de validação propostas e está apto para ser utilizado em outros estudos. Com relação às opiniões avaliadas, os resultados da aplicação do questionário corroboram a hipótese de que a promoção da capacitação de profissionais da saúde poderia contribuir com a redução das barreiras ao abortamento legal e seguro no Brasil.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35787468" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="162db58ecae5124a9412b5d5b0b62d48" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55664093,"asset_id":35787468,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55664093/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="310353" href="https://unicamp.academia.edu/DenisCacique">Denis Barbosa Cacique</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="310353" type="text/json">{"id":310353,"first_name":"Denis Barbosa","last_name":"Cacique","domain_name":"unicamp","page_name":"DenisCacique","display_name":"Denis Barbosa Cacique","profile_url":"https://unicamp.academia.edu/DenisCacique?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/310353/76587/29905372/s65_denis_barbosa.cacique.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35787468 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35787468"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35787468, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35787468", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35787468]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35787468").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35787468").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35787468"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1414" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioethics">Bioethics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1414" type="text/json">{"id":1414,"name":"Bioethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioethics?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6180" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Healthcare_workers">Healthcare workers</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6180" type="text/json">{"id":6180,"name":"Healthcare workers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Healthcare_workers?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29126" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abortion">Abortion</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="29126" type="text/json">{"id":29126,"name":"Abortion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abortion?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35787468]'), work: {"id":35787468,"title":"Questionário “Mosaico de Opiniões Sobre o Aborto Induzido”: Avaliação das propriedades da medida e aplicação em uma amostra de profissionais da saúde brasileiros","created_at":"2018-01-29T11:00:02.063-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35787468/Question%C3%A1rio_Mosaico_de_Opini%C3%B5es_Sobre_o_Aborto_Induzido_Avalia%C3%A7%C3%A3o_das_propriedades_da_medida_e_aplica%C3%A7%C3%A3o_em_uma_amostra_de_profissionais_da_sa%C3%BAde_brasileiros?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_35787468","summary":"Introdução: No Brasil, a provisão do abortamento legal e seguro tem sido frequentemente negada ou praticada de maneira discriminatória em instituições públicas e particulares. Para diversos autores, esse problema resulta da dificuldade de os profissionais da saúde desvencilharem a prática profissional de seus valores pessoais. Nesse quadro, se desconhece a existência de instrumentos específicos e validados de avaliação da moralidade do abortamento por profissionais da saúde brasileiros. \nObjetivo: Avaliar as propriedades da medida do questionário “Mosaico de Opiniões Sobre o Aborto Induzido” e utilizá-lo para conhecer as opiniões de profissionais da saúde sobre a moralidade do abortamento legal. \nMétodos: Realizou-se estudo metodológico dividido em quatro etapas. Na primeira, o questionário foi pré-testado em uma amostra intencional de pesquisadores de ciências da saúde e de ciências humanas de uma universidade pública. Foram avaliados os aspectos textuais do questionário, a viabilidade de sua aplicação pela internet e o tempo necessário para se respondê-lo. Na segunda, o questionário foi testado em uma amostra aleatória de médicos, enfermeiros, psicólogos, assistentes sociais e farmacêuticos de um hospital público e universitário. Avaliaram-se os mesmos aspectos da etapa anterior. Na terceira, promoveu-se estudo multicêntrico mediante a aplicação do questionário em uma amostra não aleatória de profissionais de sete hospitais públicos universitários. Realizou-se análise fatorial confirmatória, avaliação da validade convergente e divergente do modelo proposto, validação por grupos conhecidos e avaliação da consistência interna do questionário. Na quarta etapa, realizou-se análise secundária dos dados quanti-qualitativos obtidos na etapa anterior, desta vez com o objetivo de conhecer as opiniões dos sujeitos do estudo sobre a moralidade do abortamento. Empreendeu-se uma análise de regressão linear múltipla para conhecer os determinantes dos construtos do questionário. Os dados qualitativos foram utilizados para ilustrar ou explicar os resultados da análise estatística. \nResultados: 430 sujeitos participaram do estudo (10 no pré-teste, 32 no teste e 388 na etapa multicêntrica). Nas etapas de teste, todos os aspectos avaliados obtiveram resultados satisfatórios. Na etapa multicêntrica, a análise fatorial confirmatória permitiu a redução do questionário de 42 para 32 itens, com bons indicadores de propriedades da medida. A análise das opiniões dos participantes constatou que os construtos liberais tinham escores superiores aos conservadores. O adequado conhecimento das leis sobre o aborto induzido foi o principal determinante dos construtos liberais. A adesão religiosa e a falta de treinamento recente foram os determinantes mais frequentes dos construtos conservadores. \nConclusão: O questionário obteve resultados satisfatórios em todas as etapas de validação propostas e está apto para ser utilizado em outros estudos. Com relação às opiniões avaliadas, os resultados da aplicação do questionário corroboram a hipótese de que a promoção da capacitação de profissionais da saúde poderia contribuir com a redução das barreiras ao abortamento legal e seguro no Brasil.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55664093,"asset_id":35787468,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":310353,"first_name":"Denis Barbosa","last_name":"Cacique","domain_name":"unicamp","page_name":"DenisCacique","display_name":"Denis Barbosa Cacique","profile_url":"https://unicamp.academia.edu/DenisCacique?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/310353/76587/29905372/s65_denis_barbosa.cacique.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1414,"name":"Bioethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioethics?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":6180,"name":"Healthcare workers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Healthcare_workers?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":29126,"name":"Abortion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abortion?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":66079,"name":"Moral Reasoning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moral_Reasoning?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1437811" data-work_id="1437811" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1437811/The_Self_Regulation_Inventory_SRI_Psychometric_properties_of_a_health_related_coping_measure">The Self-Regulation Inventory (SRI): Psychometric properties of a health related coping measure</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This research studies some of the psychometric properties of the Self-Regulation Inventory (SRI), a questionnaire designed by in order to assess coping behaviours related to health. The relationships between the SRI and basic dimensions... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1437811" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This research studies some of the psychometric properties of the Self-Regulation Inventory (SRI), a questionnaire designed by in order to assess coping behaviours related to health. The relationships between the SRI and basic dimensions of personality have also been investigated. A sample of 559 participants, 182 men and 377 women, answered both the SRI and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised (EPQ-R). Our results showed that a five-factor solution of the SRI items appeared as the most robust internal structure for this instrument: positive actions, controllability, expression of feelings and needs, assertiveness, and well-being seeking. These five primary factors were clearly interrelated and a second-order factor analysis revealed a general self-regulation factor. Both the internal consistency and the temporal stability reliabilities of the SRI were adequate. In relation to personality, self-regulation was associated with emotional stability (low N) and extraversion and, to a lesser degree, with impulse control (low P).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1437811" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f3c584ab277e5d153fa815fb425d1b8c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":11022628,"asset_id":1437811,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/11022628/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1246447" href="https://lleida.academia.edu/JorgeMoya">Jorge Moya</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1246447" type="text/json">{"id":1246447,"first_name":"Jorge","last_name":"Moya","domain_name":"lleida","page_name":"JorgeMoya","display_name":"Jorge Moya","profile_url":"https://lleida.academia.edu/JorgeMoya?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1437811 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1437811"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1437811, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1437811", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1437811]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1437811").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1437811").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1437811"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="237" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="237" type="text/json">{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2672" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Personality">Personality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2672" type="text/json">{"id":2672,"name":"Personality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Personality?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1437811]'), work: {"id":1437811,"title":"The Self-Regulation Inventory (SRI): Psychometric properties of a health related coping measure","created_at":"2012-02-27T01:45:11.744-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1437811/The_Self_Regulation_Inventory_SRI_Psychometric_properties_of_a_health_related_coping_measure?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_1437811","summary":"This research studies some of the psychometric properties of the Self-Regulation Inventory (SRI), a questionnaire designed by in order to assess coping behaviours related to health. The relationships between the SRI and basic dimensions of personality have also been investigated. A sample of 559 participants, 182 men and 377 women, answered both the SRI and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised (EPQ-R). Our results showed that a five-factor solution of the SRI items appeared as the most robust internal structure for this instrument: positive actions, controllability, expression of feelings and needs, assertiveness, and well-being seeking. These five primary factors were clearly interrelated and a second-order factor analysis revealed a general self-regulation factor. Both the internal consistency and the temporal stability reliabilities of the SRI were adequate. In relation to personality, self-regulation was associated with emotional stability (low N) and extraversion and, to a lesser degree, with impulse control (low P).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":11022628,"asset_id":1437811,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1246447,"first_name":"Jorge","last_name":"Moya","domain_name":"lleida","page_name":"JorgeMoya","display_name":"Jorge Moya","profile_url":"https://lleida.academia.edu/JorgeMoya?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":2672,"name":"Personality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Personality?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":60585,"name":"Factor analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Factor_analysis?f_ri=25940"},{"id":102086,"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Personality_and_Individual_Differences?f_ri=25940"},{"id":203835,"name":"Psychometric Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychometric_Properties?f_ri=25940"},{"id":347272,"name":"Second Order","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Order?f_ri=25940"},{"id":724444,"name":"Internal Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Internal_Structure?f_ri=25940"},{"id":782545,"name":"Impulse Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Impulse_Control?f_ri=25940"},{"id":1435914,"name":"Eysenck Personality Questionnaire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eysenck_Personality_Questionnaire?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_26589434" data-work_id="26589434" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26589434/Development_of_an_emotional_processing_scale">Development of an emotional processing scale</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Objective: The objective of this study was to report on the development and preliminary psychometric evaluation of an emotional processing scale, a 38-item self-report questionnaire designed to identify emotional processing styles and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_26589434" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Objective: The objective of this study was to report on the development and preliminary psychometric evaluation of an emotional processing scale, a 38-item self-report questionnaire designed to identify emotional processing styles and deficits. Methods: An initial item pool derived from a conceptual model and clinical observations was piloted on clinical and community samples (n=150). The resulting 45-item scale was administered to patients with psychological problems, psychosomatic disorders, and physical disease, and to healthy individuals (n=460). Exploratory factor analysis was used to explore the underlying factor structure. Results: Maximum likelihood factor analysis yielded an eight-factor solution relating to styles of emotional experience (Lack of Attunement, Discordant, and Externalized), mechanisms controlling the experience and expression of emotions (Suppression, Dissociation, Avoidance, and Uncontrolled), and signs of inadequate processing (Intrusion). Internal reliability was moderate to high for six of eight factors. Preliminary findings suggested satisfactory convergent validity. Discussion: Overall, the psychometric properties of this scale appear promising. Work is in progress to refine the scale by incorporating additional items and by conducting further psychometric evaluations on new samples. D</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/26589434" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5801f066e96f4e878955495418a34496" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46879551,"asset_id":26589434,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46879551/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="50572804" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RogerBaker5">Roger Baker</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="50572804" type="text/json">{"id":50572804,"first_name":"Roger","last_name":"Baker","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RogerBaker5","display_name":"Roger Baker","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RogerBaker5?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_26589434 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="26589434"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26589434, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_26589434", }); 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Methods: An initial item pool derived from a conceptual model and clinical observations was piloted on clinical and community samples (n=150). The resulting 45-item scale was administered to patients with psychological problems, psychosomatic disorders, and physical disease, and to healthy individuals (n=460). Exploratory factor analysis was used to explore the underlying factor structure. Results: Maximum likelihood factor analysis yielded an eight-factor solution relating to styles of emotional experience (Lack of Attunement, Discordant, and Externalized), mechanisms controlling the experience and expression of emotions (Suppression, Dissociation, Avoidance, and Uncontrolled), and signs of inadequate processing (Intrusion). Internal reliability was moderate to high for six of eight factors. Preliminary findings suggested satisfactory convergent validity. Discussion: Overall, the psychometric properties of this scale appear promising. Work is in progress to refine the scale by incorporating additional items and by conducting further psychometric evaluations on new samples. D","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46879551,"asset_id":26589434,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":50572804,"first_name":"Roger","last_name":"Baker","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RogerBaker5","display_name":"Roger Baker","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RogerBaker5?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5359,"name":"Visual perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_perception?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":50238,"name":"Affect","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Affect?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":361709,"name":"Psychosomatic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychosomatic?f_ri=25940"},{"id":413195,"name":"Time Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_Factors?f_ri=25940"},{"id":549280,"name":"Reproducibility of Results","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproducibility_of_Results?f_ri=25940"},{"id":693683,"name":"EXPRESSED EMOTION","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EXPRESSED_EMOTION?f_ri=25940"},{"id":1627527,"name":"Cognition disorders","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognition_disorders?f_ri=25940"},{"id":2463800,"name":"Severity of Illness Index","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Severity_of_Illness_Index?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_63251006" data-work_id="63251006" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/63251006/The_CareGiver_Oncology_Quality_of_Life_questionnaire_CarGOQoL_Development_and_validation_of_an_instrument_to_measure_the_quality_of_life_of_the_caregivers_of_patients_with_cancer">The CareGiver Oncology Quality of Life questionnaire (CarGOQoL): Development and validation of an instrument to measure the quality of life of the caregivers of patients with cancer</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The study objective was to validate a specific quality of life (QoL) questionnaire for caregivers of cancer patients, the CareGiver Oncology Quality of Life questionnaire (CarGOQoL), based on the exclusive points of view of the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_63251006" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The study objective was to validate a specific quality of life (QoL) questionnaire for caregivers of cancer patients, the CareGiver Oncology Quality of Life questionnaire (CarGOQoL), based on the exclusive points of view of the caregivers. Materials and methods: A 75-item questionnaire generated from content analysis of interviews with caregivers was self-completed by 837 caregivers of cancer patients. In addition to sociodemographic data and patient characteristics, self-reported questionnaires assessing QoL, burden, coping and social support were collected. Psychometric properties combined methods relying on both classical test theory and item response theory. Results: The final 29 items selected assessed 10 dimensions: psychological well-being, burden, relationship with health care, administration and finances, coping, physical wellbeing, self-esteem, leisure time, social support and private life; they were isolated from principal component analysis explaining 73% of the total variance. The missing data and the floor effects were low. Some ceiling effects were found for B (34%). Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranged from 0.72 to 0.89, except private life (PL) (0.55). Unidimensionality of the scales was confirmed by Rasch analyses. Correlations with other instruments confirmed the isolated content and significant links were found with respect to patient's characteristics. Reproducibility and sensitivity to change were found satisfactory. Conclusion: The CarGOQoL could provide a reliable and valid measure of caregivers of cancer patients' QoL which are key-actors in the provision of health care.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/63251006" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dc2b1de134482377ebfed9f79e9e37a5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":75740192,"asset_id":63251006,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75740192/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="45020010" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PascalAuquier">Pascal Auquier</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="45020010" type="text/json">{"id":45020010,"first_name":"Pascal","last_name":"Auquier","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PascalAuquier","display_name":"Pascal Auquier","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PascalAuquier?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_63251006 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="63251006"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 63251006, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_63251006", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=63251006]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_63251006").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_63251006").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="63251006"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2599" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychometrics">Psychometrics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2599" type="text/json">{"id":2599,"name":"Psychometrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychometrics?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7470" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quality_of_life">Quality of life</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7470" type="text/json">{"id":7470,"name":"Quality of life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quality_of_life?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22506" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent">Adolescent</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="22506" type="text/json">{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=63251006]'), work: {"id":63251006,"title":"The CareGiver Oncology Quality of Life questionnaire (CarGOQoL): Development and validation of an instrument to measure the quality of life of the caregivers of patients with cancer","created_at":"2021-12-05T04:28:09.629-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/63251006/The_CareGiver_Oncology_Quality_of_Life_questionnaire_CarGOQoL_Development_and_validation_of_an_instrument_to_measure_the_quality_of_life_of_the_caregivers_of_patients_with_cancer?f_ri=25940","dom_id":"work_63251006","summary":"The study objective was to validate a specific quality of life (QoL) questionnaire for caregivers of cancer patients, the CareGiver Oncology Quality of Life questionnaire (CarGOQoL), based on the exclusive points of view of the caregivers. Materials and methods: A 75-item questionnaire generated from content analysis of interviews with caregivers was self-completed by 837 caregivers of cancer patients. In addition to sociodemographic data and patient characteristics, self-reported questionnaires assessing QoL, burden, coping and social support were collected. Psychometric properties combined methods relying on both classical test theory and item response theory. Results: The final 29 items selected assessed 10 dimensions: psychological well-being, burden, relationship with health care, administration and finances, coping, physical wellbeing, self-esteem, leisure time, social support and private life; they were isolated from principal component analysis explaining 73% of the total variance. The missing data and the floor effects were low. Some ceiling effects were found for B (34%). Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranged from 0.72 to 0.89, except private life (PL) (0.55). Unidimensionality of the scales was confirmed by Rasch analyses. Correlations with other instruments confirmed the isolated content and significant links were found with respect to patient's characteristics. Reproducibility and sensitivity to change were found satisfactory. Conclusion: The CarGOQoL could provide a reliable and valid measure of caregivers of cancer patients' QoL which are key-actors in the provision of health care.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":75740192,"asset_id":63251006,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":45020010,"first_name":"Pascal","last_name":"Auquier","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PascalAuquier","display_name":"Pascal Auquier","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PascalAuquier?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2599,"name":"Psychometrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychometrics?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":7470,"name":"Quality of life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quality_of_life?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":133057,"name":"Young Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Young_Adult?f_ri=25940"},{"id":201441,"name":"Caregivers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caregivers?f_ri=25940"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=25940"},{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=25940"},{"id":469018,"name":"Neoplasms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neoplasms?f_ri=25940"},{"id":532278,"name":"Cancer Patient","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cancer_Patient?f_ri=25940"},{"id":549280,"name":"Reproducibility of Results","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproducibility_of_Results?f_ri=25940"},{"id":892890,"name":"Point of View","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Point_of_View?f_ri=25940"},{"id":901876,"name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sensitivity_and_Specificity?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_680526" data-work_id="680526" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/680526/Multiple_uses_of_performance_appraisal_Prevalence_and_correlates">Multiple uses of performance appraisal: Prevalence and correlates</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/680526" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i 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itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="499057" href="https://independent.academia.edu/THANABALASINGAMJEGATHEESVARAN">THANABALASINGAM JEGATHEESVARAN</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="499057" type="text/json">{"id":499057,"first_name":"THANABALASINGAM","last_name":"JEGATHEESVARAN","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"THANABALASINGAMJEGATHEESVARAN","display_name":"THANABALASINGAM JEGATHEESVARAN","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/THANABALASINGAMJEGATHEESVARAN?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_680526 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="680526"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 680526, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_680526", }); });</script></li><li 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description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=680526]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_680526").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_680526").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="680526"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="39" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing">Marketing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="39" type="text/json">{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="223" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Psychology">Applied Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="223" type="text/json">{"id":223,"name":"Applied Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25940" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design">Questionnaire design</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="25940" type="text/json">{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire 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JEGATHEESVARAN","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/THANABALASINGAMJEGATHEESVARAN?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":223,"name":"Applied Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":66056,"name":"Performance Appraisal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Performance_Appraisal?f_ri=25940"},{"id":73149,"name":"Business and Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_and_Management?f_ri=25940"},{"id":186492,"name":"Empirical Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Empirical_Research?f_ri=25940"},{"id":253578,"name":"American Psychological Association","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Psychological_Association?f_ri=25940"},{"id":281835,"name":"Canonical Correlation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canonical_Correlation?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13555800" data-work_id="13555800" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13555800/Social_Influences_and_the_Theory_of_Planned_Behaviour_Evidence_for_a_Direct_Relationship_Between_Prototypes_and_Young_Peoples_Exercise_Behaviour">Social Influences and the Theory of Planned Behaviour: Evidence for a Direct Relationship Between Prototypes and Young People's Exercise Behaviour</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study employed a prospective questionnaire design to assess the predictive validity of prototypes and descriptive norms in relation to young people&#x27;s exercise behaviour after variables from the theory of planned behaviour (TPB)... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13555800" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study employed a prospective questionnaire design to assess the predictive validity of prototypes and descriptive norms in relation to young people&#x27;s exercise behaviour after variables from the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) and past behaviour had been controlled. Findings supported the utility of the TPB, descriptive norms, prototype similarity, and past behaviour in predicting intentions and behaviour. Importantly, prototype similarity was directly associated with behaviour, both on its own and through its relationship with descriptive norms, even after controlling for the TPB and past behaviour. Findings are discussed in relation to; (1) the role of social identification in motivating health-related decisions and behaviour, (2) the current conceptualisation of social influences in the TPB, and (3) recent research on the &quot;perception-behaviour expressway&quot;.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13555800" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c98435dd6729f3ee0a4d5cfc131127fb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45219026,"asset_id":13555800,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45219026/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32743449" href="https://unc.academia.edu/PSheeran">Paschal Sheeran</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32743449" type="text/json">{"id":32743449,"first_name":"Paschal","last_name":"Sheeran","domain_name":"unc","page_name":"PSheeran","display_name":"Paschal Sheeran","profile_url":"https://unc.academia.edu/PSheeran?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13555800 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13555800"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13555800, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13555800", }); 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Findings supported the utility of the TPB, descriptive norms, prototype similarity, and past behaviour in predicting intentions and behaviour. Importantly, prototype similarity was directly associated with behaviour, both on its own and through its relationship with descriptive norms, even after controlling for the TPB and past behaviour. Findings are discussed in relation to; (1) the role of social identification in motivating health-related decisions and behaviour, (2) the current conceptualisation of social influences in the TPB, and (3) recent research on the \u0026quot;perception-behaviour expressway\u0026quot;.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45219026,"asset_id":13555800,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32743449,"first_name":"Paschal","last_name":"Sheeran","domain_name":"unc","page_name":"PSheeran","display_name":"Paschal Sheeran","profile_url":"https://unc.academia.edu/PSheeran?f_ri=25940","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":260,"name":"Health Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Psychology?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":2957,"name":"Theory of Planned Behaviour","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theory_of_Planned_Behaviour?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":25940,"name":"Questionnaire design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaire_design?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":30603,"name":"Social Influence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Influence?f_ri=25940"},{"id":104433,"name":"Predictive Validity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predictive_Validity?f_ri=25940"},{"id":508371,"name":"Curriculum and Pedagogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Curriculum_and_Pedagogy?f_ri=25940"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3829560" data-work_id="3829560" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3829560/How_and_Why_We_Dream_of_Waking_Life_An_Empirical_Investigation_into_the_Continuity_Hypothesis_of_Dreaming">How and Why We Dream of Waking Life: An Empirical Investigation into the Continuity Hypothesis of Dreaming</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Continuity Hypothesis of dreaming states that waking life is continuous with dreams (e.g. Schredl and Hoffman, 2003), but the ways in which it has been defined lack coherence and agreement (e.g. , and many of the factors postulated to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3829560" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Continuity Hypothesis of dreaming states that waking life is continuous with dreams (e.g. Schredl and Hoffman, 2003), but the ways in which it has been defined lack coherence and agreement (e.g. , and many of the factors postulated to influence the continuity of waking life into dreams (e.g. Schredl, 2002a) have rarely been studied. The present thesis addressed these issues by researching the meaning of 'continuity', the ways in which waking life is continued into dreams, the factors that influence continuity, and the implications the findings have on the potential function(s) of continuity. Because of the disparate perspectives on continuity, the thesis approached the empirical investigation of it from a broad, inclusive perspective, and utilised a diverse range of methodologies. Two theoretical chapters (a literature review and a methodological review) and five empirical chapters are presented, as well as one final chapter to bring the findings My most profound thanks go to Dr. Caroline L. Horton who has been a supervisor, a colleague, and a friend throughout this journey, with whom I have shared many excited dream research conversations, and whose encouragement and support has driven my enthusiasm and delight in this research throughout; and to Dr. Fiona Fylan whose ideas, guidance, and support have been invaluable contributions. I am also grateful to Leeds Metropolitan University and its staff, particularly the psychology department, for the financial support and the supportive research environment.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3829560" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cb7d42a213ef41b27272603dccbb8f2d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31479147,"asset_id":3829560,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31479147/download_file?st=MTc0MDE1NDE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="792458" href="https://uel.academia.edu/JosieMalinowski">Josie E Malinowski</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="792458" type="text/json">{"id":792458,"first_name":"Josie","last_name":"Malinowski","domain_name":"uel","page_name":"JosieMalinowski","display_name":"Josie E Malinowski","profile_url":"https://uel.academia.edu/JosieMalinowski?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/792458/269896/40195428/s65_josie.malinowski.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3829560 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3829560"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3829560, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3829560", }); 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The present thesis addressed these issues by researching the meaning of 'continuity', the ways in which waking life is continued into dreams, the factors that influence continuity, and the implications the findings have on the potential function(s) of continuity. Because of the disparate perspectives on continuity, the thesis approached the empirical investigation of it from a broad, inclusive perspective, and utilised a diverse range of methodologies. Two theoretical chapters (a literature review and a methodological review) and five empirical chapters are presented, as well as one final chapter to bring the findings My most profound thanks go to Dr. Caroline L. Horton who has been a supervisor, a colleague, and a friend throughout this journey, with whom I have shared many excited dream research conversations, and whose encouragement and support has driven my enthusiasm and delight in this research throughout; and to Dr. Fiona Fylan whose ideas, guidance, and support have been invaluable contributions. I am also grateful to Leeds Metropolitan University and its staff, particularly the psychology department, for the financial support and the supportive research environment.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31479147,"asset_id":3829560,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":792458,"first_name":"Josie","last_name":"Malinowski","domain_name":"uel","page_name":"JosieMalinowski","display_name":"Josie E Malinowski","profile_url":"https://uel.academia.edu/JosieMalinowski?f_ri=25940","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/792458/269896/40195428/s65_josie.malinowski.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":254,"name":"Emotion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emotion?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":1595,"name":"Memory (Cognitive Psychology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Memory_Cognitive_Psychology_?f_ri=25940","nofollow":true},{"id":6536,"name":"Dream 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