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Recall overview - Ballotpedia

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id="contentSub" ></div> <div id="jump-to-nav" class="mw-jump"> Jump to: <a href="#mw-navigation">navigation</a>, <a href="#p-search">search</a> </div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-parser-output"><div class="bp-dropdown-menu"> <ul><li><a href="/Political_recall_efforts" title="Political recall efforts">Recall efforts</a> <ul><li><a href="/Political_recall_efforts_by_state" title="Political recall efforts by state">Recall efforts by state</a></li> <li><a href="/Recall_campaigns,_organized_by_political_office_of_targeted_incumbent" title="Recall campaigns, organized by political office of targeted incumbent">Recall efforts by office</a></li> <li><a href="/Political_recall_efforts" title="Political recall efforts">Recall efforts by year</a></li> <li><a href="/Upcoming_recall_elections" title="Upcoming recall elections">Upcoming recall elections</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/Local_Politics" title="Local Politics">Local recalls</a> <ul><li><a href="/City_council_recalls" title="City council recalls">City council recalls</a></li> <li><a href="/Mayoral_recalls" title="Mayoral recalls">Mayoral recalls</a></li> <li><a href="/County_commission_recalls" title="County commission recalls">County commission recalls</a></li> <li><a href="/County_official_recalls" title="County official recalls">County official recalls</a></li> <li><a href="/School_board_recalls" title="School board recalls">School board recalls</a></li> <li><a href="/Sheriff_recalls" title="Sheriff recalls">Sheriff recalls</a></li> <li><a href="/Special_district_recalls" title="Special district recalls">Special district recalls</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/State_Politics" title="State Politics">State and federal recalls</a> <ul><li><a href="/Gubernatorial_recalls" title="Gubernatorial recalls">State executive recalls</a></li> <li><a href="/State_legislative_recalls" title="State legislative recalls">State legislator recalls</a></li> <li><a href="/Recall_(political)#Recall_of_federal_officials" title="Recall (political)">U.S. Congress recalls</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/Laws_governing_recall" title="Laws governing recall">Laws governing recall</a> <ul><li><a href="/States_that_have_pre-petition_signature_requirements_for_recalls" title="States that have pre-petition signature requirements for recalls">States that have pre-petition signature requirements for recalls</a></li> <li><a href="/States_that_require_grounds_for_recalls" title="States that require grounds for recalls">States that require grounds for recalls</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Recall_Report" title="Ballotpedia&#39;s Recall Report">Analysis</a> <ul><li><a href="/Recall_(political)" title="Recall (political)">What are recalls?</a></li> <li><a href="/Glossary_of_recall_terms" title="Glossary of recall terms">Recall terms</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Mid-Year_Recall_Report_(2024)" title="Ballotpedia&#39;s Mid-Year Recall Report (2024)">2024 mid-year analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_2023_Recall_Analysis" title="Ballotpedia&#39;s 2023 Recall Analysis">2023 year-end analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Mid-Year_Recall_Report_(2023)" title="Ballotpedia&#39;s Mid-Year Recall Report (2023)">2023 mid-year analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_2022_Recall_Analysis" title="Ballotpedia&#39;s 2022 Recall Analysis">2022 year-end analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Mid-Year_Recall_Report_(2022)" title="Ballotpedia&#39;s Mid-Year Recall Report (2022)">2022 mid-year analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_2021_Recall_Analysis" title="Ballotpedia&#39;s 2021 Recall Analysis">2021 year-end analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Mid-Year_Recall_Report_(2021)" title="Ballotpedia&#39;s Mid-Year Recall Report (2021)">2021 mid-year analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_2020_Recall_Analysis" title="Ballotpedia&#39;s 2020 Recall Analysis">2020 year-end analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Mid-Year_Recall_Report_(2020)" title="Ballotpedia&#39;s Mid-Year Recall Report (2020)">2020 mid-year analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_2019_Recall_Analysis" title="Ballotpedia&#39;s 2019 Recall Analysis">2019 year-end analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Mid-Year_Recall_Report_(2019)" title="Ballotpedia&#39;s Mid-Year Recall Report (2019)">2019 mid-year analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_2018_Recall_Analysis" title="Ballotpedia&#39;s 2018 Recall Analysis">2018 year-end analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Mid-Year_Recall_Report_(2018)" title="Ballotpedia&#39;s Mid-Year Recall Report (2018)">2018 mid-year analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_2017_Recall_Analysis" title="Ballotpedia&#39;s 2017 Recall Analysis">2017 year-end analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Mid-Year_Recall_Report_(2017)" title="Ballotpedia&#39;s Mid-Year Recall Report (2017)">2017 mid-year analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_2016_Recall_Analysis" title="Ballotpedia&#39;s 2016 Recall Analysis">2016 year-end analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Mid-Year_Recall_Report_(2016)" title="Ballotpedia&#39;s Mid-Year Recall Report (2016)">2016 mid-year analysis</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="bp-layout-column-1"> <div class="bp-layout-block"><ul class="slideshow"> <li> <div class="floatleft"><a href="/Upcoming_recall_elections" title="Upcoming recall elections"><img alt="RecallBanner.jpg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/9/9c/RecallBanner.jpg/600px-RecallBanner.jpg" decoding="async" width="600" height="400" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/9/9c/RecallBanner.jpg/900px-RecallBanner.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/9/9c/RecallBanner.jpg/1200px-RecallBanner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4200" data-file-height="2800" /></a></div> <div class="caption"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Upcoming_recall_elections"><a href="/Upcoming_recall_elections" title="Upcoming recall elections">Upcoming recall elections</a></span></h3> <p><a href="/Upcoming_recall_elections" title="Upcoming recall elections">How many recall efforts have made it to the ballot?</a></p> </div> </li> </ul> <h2 style="margin:0; background:#2F4F4F; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #C0C0C0; text-align:left; color: white; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Learn_about_recall_laws_in_your_state"> Learn about recall laws in your state </span></h2> <div style="padding:0.2em 0.2em;"><div class="noresize"><map name="ImageMap_82b60bfe84c62a27"><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Nevada" shape="poly" coords="156,72,151,102,177,140,192,87" alt="Laws governing recall in Nevada" title="Laws governing recall in Nevada" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Alaska" shape="rect" coords="86,171,129,208" alt="Laws governing recall in Alaska" title="Laws governing recall in Alaska" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Hawaii" shape="rect" coords="56,118,67,127" alt="Laws governing recall in Hawaii" title="Laws governing recall in Hawaii" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Arizona" shape="poly" coords="192,131,174,173,215,188,221,142" alt="Laws governing recall in Arizona" title="Laws governing recall in Arizona" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Utah" shape="poly" coords="197,80,190,127,221,133,228,99" alt="Laws governing recall in Utah" title="Laws governing recall in Utah" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_New_Mexico" shape="poly" coords="225,140,220,188,267,190,267,146" alt="Laws governing recall in New Mexico" title="Laws governing recall in New Mexico" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Colorado" shape="poly" coords="231,97,228,133,277,138,280,106" alt="Laws governing recall in Colorado" title="Laws governing recall in Colorado" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Wyoming" shape="poly" coords="226,58,220,91,263,97,267,66" alt="Laws governing recall in Wyoming" title="Laws governing recall in Wyoming" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_California" shape="poly" coords="126,67,127,113,153,154,174,150" alt="Laws governing recall in California" title="Laws governing recall in California" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Oregon" shape="poly" coords="143,28,127,59,175,73,183,43" alt="Laws governing recall in Oregon" title="Laws governing recall in Oregon" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Washington" shape="poly" coords="144,25,179,36,186,11,157,1" alt="Laws governing recall in Washington" title="Laws governing recall in Washington" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Idaho" shape="poly" coords="190,10,179,72,216,79" alt="Laws governing recall in Idaho" title="Laws governing recall in Idaho" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Montana" shape="poly" coords="197,12,211,54,265,58,270,24" alt="Laws governing recall in Montana" title="Laws governing recall in Montana" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_North_Dakota" shape="poly" coords="275,23,274,50,320,51,316,29" alt="Laws governing recall in North Dakota" title="Laws governing recall in North Dakota" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_South_Dakota" shape="poly" coords="272,54,273,78,317,81,318,56" alt="Laws governing recall in South Dakota" title="Laws governing recall in South Dakota" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Nebraska" shape="poly" coords="271,83,270,98,282,98,283,107,326,107,316,87" alt="Laws governing recall in Nebraska" title="Laws governing recall in Nebraska" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Kansas" shape="poly" coords="285,115,284,140,336,142,331,117" alt="Laws governing recall in Kansas" title="Laws governing recall in Kansas" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Oklahoma" shape="poly" coords="299,144,294,166,332,173,335,147" alt="Laws governing recall in Oklahoma" title="Laws governing recall in Oklahoma" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Texas" shape="poly" coords="273,146,275,195,252,197,261,213,305,245,342,212,338,183" alt="Laws governing recall in Texas" title="Laws governing recall in Texas" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Minnesota" shape="poly" coords="322,26,326,76,352,75,357,36" alt="Laws governing recall in Minnesota" title="Laws governing recall in Minnesota" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Iowa" shape="poly" coords="322,82,332,106,360,105,359,85" alt="Laws governing recall in Iowa" title="Laws governing recall in Iowa" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Missouri" shape="poly" coords="333,109,343,143,375,144,355,111" alt="Laws governing recall in Missouri" title="Laws governing recall in Missouri" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Arkansas" shape="poly" coords="341,149,344,176,366,179,369,153" alt="Laws governing recall in Arkansas" title="Laws governing recall in Arkansas" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Louisiana" shape="poly" coords="343,187,348,215,371,215,373,204,361,187" alt="Laws governing recall in Louisiana" title="Laws governing recall in Louisiana" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Mississippi" shape="poly" coords="374,164,370,195,386,201,384,167" alt="Laws governing recall in Mississippi" title="Laws governing recall in Mississippi" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Alabama" shape="poly" coords="393,162,392,199,416,195,408,162" alt="Laws governing recall in Alabama" title="Laws governing recall in Alabama" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Wisconsin" shape="poly" coords="359,50,358,66,370,83,382,83,381,58" alt="Laws governing recall in Wisconsin" title="Laws governing recall in Wisconsin" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Illinois" shape="poly" coords="374,90,363,109,382,134,387,99" alt="Laws governing recall in Illinois" title="Laws governing recall in Illinois" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Tennessee" shape="poly" coords="378,146,377,160,418,157,435,142" alt="Laws governing recall in Tennessee" title="Laws governing recall in Tennessee" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Kentucky" shape="poly" coords="388,141,424,138,430,131,415,122" alt="Laws governing recall in Kentucky" title="Laws governing recall in Kentucky" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Indiana" shape="poly" coords="391,97,391,129,408,120,406,95" alt="Laws governing recall in Indiana" title="Laws governing recall in Indiana" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Michigan" shape="poly" coords="395,56,395,89,417,89,417,56" alt="Laws governing recall in Michigan" title="Laws governing recall in Michigan" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Ohio" shape="poly" coords="411,94,414,117,429,118,439,92" alt="Laws governing recall in Ohio" title="Laws governing recall in Ohio" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Georgia" shape="poly" coords="411,163,419,197,447,195,448,184,429,164" alt="Laws governing recall in Georgia" title="Laws governing recall in Georgia" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Florida" shape="poly" coords="415,203,450,201,466,245" alt="Laws governing recall in Florida" title="Laws governing recall in Florida" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_South_Carolina" shape="poly" coords="430,157,451,182,466,160" alt="Laws governing recall in South Carolina" title="Laws governing recall in South Carolina" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_North_Carolina" shape="poly" coords="426,155,468,159,481,136,440,141" alt="Laws governing recall in North Carolina" title="Laws governing recall in North Carolina" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Virginia" shape="poly" coords="432,136,479,133,465,110" alt="Laws governing recall in Virginia" title="Laws governing recall in Virginia" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_West_Virginia" shape="poly" coords="428,118,437,129,457,111,442,106" alt="Laws governing recall in West Virginia" title="Laws governing recall in West Virginia" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Pennsylvania" shape="poly" coords="441,86,444,104,483,94,474,80" alt="Laws governing recall in Pennsylvania" title="Laws governing recall in Pennsylvania" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_New_York" shape="poly" coords="454,69,445,81,488,78,482,50" alt="Laws governing recall in New York" title="Laws governing recall in New York" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Vermont" shape="circle" coords="454,30,14" alt="Laws governing recall in Vermont" title="Laws governing recall in Vermont" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_New_Hampshire" shape="circle" coords="477,29,14" alt="Laws governing recall in New Hampshire" title="Laws governing recall in New Hampshire" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Massachusetts" shape="circle" coords="535,56,6" alt="Laws governing recall in Massachusetts" title="Laws governing recall in Massachusetts" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Rhode_Island" shape="circle" coords="535,74,6" alt="Laws governing recall in Rhode Island" title="Laws governing recall in Rhode Island" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Connecticut" shape="circle" coords="534,89,8" alt="Laws governing recall in Connecticut" title="Laws governing recall in Connecticut" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_New_Jersey" shape="circle" coords="533,104,8" alt="Laws governing recall in New Jersey" title="Laws governing recall in New Jersey" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Delaware" shape="circle" coords="534,119,6" alt="Laws governing recall in Delaware" title="Laws governing recall in Delaware" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Maryland" shape="circle" coords="534,136,8" alt="Laws governing recall in Maryland" title="Laws governing recall in Maryland" /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Washington,_D.C." shape="circle" coords="532,151,10" alt="Laws governing recall in Washington, D.C." title="Laws governing recall in Washington, D.C." /><area href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Maine" shape="poly" coords="503,55,499,40,507,14,527,35" alt="Laws governing recall in Maine" title="Laws governing recall in Maine" /></map><img alt="US map.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/6/62/US_map.png/550px-US_map.png" decoding="async" width="550" height="260" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/6/62/US_map.png 1.5x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="378" usemap="#ImageMap_82b60bfe84c62a27" /></div> <ul><li><i>Note: States that do not allow recalls do not have a recall laws article.</i></li></ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="bp-layout-column-2"> <div class="bp-layout-block"><h2 style="margin:0; background:#2F4F4F; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #C0C0C0; text-align:left; color: white; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"><span id="Welcome_to_Ballotpedia.27s_recall_portal"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Welcome_to_Ballotpedia's_recall_portal"> <p>Welcome to Ballotpedia's recall portal </p> </span></h2> <div style="padding:0.8em 2.4em;">Welcome to Ballotpedia's coverage of recall elections! <a href="/Recall_(political)" title="Recall (political)">Recalls</a> are the process by which an elected official can be removed from office via a public effort before their term is completed. Click the following links for more information: <ul><li><a href="/Upcoming_recall_elections" title="Upcoming recall elections">Upcoming recall elections</a></li> <li><a href="/Political_recall_efforts_by_state" title="Political recall efforts by state">Recall efforts by state</a></li> <li><a href="/Recall_campaigns,_organized_by_political_office_of_targeted_incumbent" title="Recall campaigns, organized by political office of targeted incumbent">Recall efforts by office</a></li> <li><a href="/Political_recall_efforts" title="Political recall efforts">Recall efforts by year</a></li> <li><a href="/Glossary_of_recall_terms" title="Glossary of recall terms">Glossary of recall terms</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Recall_Report" title="Ballotpedia&#39;s Recall Report">Ballotpedia's Recall Report</a></li></ul> <p>Our goal is to cover every recall effort that is officially underway across the United States. We consider a recall effort to be officially underway if some form of paperwork has been submitted to begin the recall process. </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="bp-layout-clear"></div> <h2 style="margin:0; background:#2F4F4F; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #C0C0C0; text-align:left; color:white; padding:0.2em;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Recall_outcome_statistics"> Recall outcome statistics </span></h2> <p><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Mid-Year_Recall_Report_(2024)" title="Ballotpedia&#39;s Mid-Year Recall Report (2024)">Ballotpedia's mid-year recall report</a> stated that there were 164 recall efforts against 266 officials in the United States in the first half of 2024. </p><p>The chart below details the results of recall efforts that were resolved by reaching the ballot, failing to reach the ballot, or due to a resignation. 鈥婽his chart will be updated when Ballotpedia's year-end report is published in December 2024. </p><p><br /> </p> <div align="left"><center><iframe title="Recall results, 2024" aria-label="Donut Chart" id="datawrapper-chart-nX3xy" src="https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/nX3xy/4/" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" style="width: 0; min-width: 60% !important; border: none;" height="300" data-external="1"></iframe><script type="text/javascript">!function(){"use strict";window.addEventListener("message",(function(a){if(void 0!==a.data["datawrapper-height"]){var e=document.querySelectorAll("iframe");for(var t in a.data["datawrapper-height"])for(var r=0;r<e.length;r++)if(e[r].contentWindow===a.source){var i=a.data["datawrapper-height"][t]+"px";e[r].style.height=i}}}))}(); </script></center></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Cached time: 20241129001413 Cache expiry: 900 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.047 seconds Real time usage: 0.110 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 61/1000000 Post鈥恊xpand include size: 4074/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 294/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 6/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/100 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post鈥恊xpand size: 10599/5000000 bytes --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 83.977 1 -total 74.11% 62.235 1 Template:Recall_portal_map 8.39% 7.042 1 Template:Recall_portal_slideshow 4.97% 4.173 1 Template:Recall_Portal_Menu 4.35% 3.656 1 Template:SlideshowSlide 4.11% 3.449 1 Template:Recall_welcome 3.92% 3.293 1 Template:RecallStatsPortalTemplate 3.72% 3.127 1 Template:Tap_portal_promo --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key live-docker:pcache:idhash:4361-0!canonical and timestamp 20241129001413 and revision id 9600023. --> </div></div> <div class="printfooter"> Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Recall_overview&amp;oldid=9600023">https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Recall_overview&amp;oldid=9600023</a>" </div> <div id="catlinks-container" style="display:none"><div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/Category:Portals" title="Category:Portals">Portals</a></li></ul></div></div></div> <div class="visualClear"></div> </div> <!-- /bodyContent --> </div> </div> </div> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1548351407491-0'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1548351407491-0'); }); </script> </div> <div id="div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3054" class="publirAds"> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded', function(event) { if (event.slot.getSlotElementId() == "div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3054") { googletag.display("div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3054"); } }); }); </script> </div> <div class="visualClear"></div> <div class="row" id="footer-links"> <div style="text-align:center; font-size:16px; color:#666; width: 100%;"> <p>Ballotpedia features 556,319 encyclopedic articles written and curated by our professional staff of editors, writers, and researchers. 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