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margin-top: 0.0em; margin-bottom:3px; background-color: #cee0f2; padding: .2em .6em; border:1px solid #A3B1BF;"><b><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_2016_Recall_Analysis" title="Ballotpedia's 2016 Recall Analysis"><small>2016 Year-End Report</small></a></b> <span style="font-size: larger;font-weight: bold;">→</span></div> <div style="float:left; margin-top: 0.0em; margin-bottom:3px; background-color: #cee0f2; padding: .2em .6em;border:1px solid #A3B1BF;"><span style="font-size: larger;font-weight: bold;">←</span> <b><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_2015_Recall_Analysis" title="Ballotpedia's 2015 Recall Analysis"><small>2015 Year-End Report</small></a></b> </div> </div> <table class="infobox" style="text-align: center; width:21%;"> <tbody><tr> <td><div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/Recall_overview" title="Recall overview"><img alt="RecallBanner.jpg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/9/9c/RecallBanner.jpg/200px-RecallBanner.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/9/9c/RecallBanner.jpg/300px-RecallBanner.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/9/9c/RecallBanner.jpg/400px-RecallBanner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4200" data-file-height="2800" /></a></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><center><b>Recall elections in 2016:<br />Mid-year report</b></center> <hr /> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #ECEBED"><center><b><a href="#Statistics">Statistics</a></b></center> </th></tr> <tr> <td><center>265 targeted officials<br />189 separate recall efforts</center> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #ECEBED"><center><a href="#Notable_recalls">Notable recalls</a></center> </th></tr> <tr> <td><center><a href="#Michigan_Gov._Rick_Snyder">Michigan</a><br /><a href="#Oregon_State_Sen._Peter_Courtney">Oregon</a><br /><a href="#Mayor_Mike_Duggan_in_Detroit,_Michigan">Detroit, Mich.</a><br /><a href="#City_Councilmember_Ann_Kitchen_in_Austin,_Texas">Austin, Texas</a><br /><a href="#Mayor_and_city_council_in_Crystal_City,_Texas">Crystal City, Texas</a><br /><a href="#West_Ada_Board_of_Trustees_in_Idaho">West Ada, Idaho</a></center> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><big><b><a href="/Ballotpedia:Calendar#June" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballotpedia:Calendar">June 20, 2016</a></b> <i>(updated September 17, 2024)</i></big><br /> <b>By</b> <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="mailto:editor@ballotpedia.org"><i>Ballotpedia staff</i></a> </p><p>Recall elections are on the rise across America through the first half of 2016. From January 1, 2016, through June 10, 2016, Ballotpedia tracked 265 elected officials targeted by 189 separate recall attempts. In comparison, Ballotpedia tracked 223 recall efforts in all of <a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_2014_Recall_Analysis" title="Ballotpedia's 2014 Recall Analysis">2014</a> and 172 recall efforts in all of <a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_2015_Recall_Analysis" title="Ballotpedia's 2015 Recall Analysis">2015</a>. <b>Ballotpedia found that 21.24% of targeted officials were successfully recalled in 2014, 15.99% were recalled in 2015, and 10.9% have been recalled thus far in 2016.</b> Recalls begin when citizens gather petition signatures in an attempt to remove one or more politicians from public office. A successful recall petition campaign results in a special election where voters decide whether to keep or remove the official. </p><p><b>State-level politicians, including the governor of <a href="/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> and the president of the <a href="/Oregon_State_Senate" title="Oregon State Senate">Oregon State Senate</a>, have been the subject of recall attempts thus far in 2016.</b> Michigan Gov. <a href="/Rick_Snyder" title="Rick Snyder">Rick Snyder</a> (R) has been the target of multiple recall petitions due to his handling of the <a href="/News_in_Context:_The_Flint_Water_Crisis" title="News in Context: The Flint Water Crisis">Flint water crisis</a>. Two petitioners, Benjamin Lazarus and Reverend David Bullock, combined their recall campaigns; their current deadline to collect the necessary signatures is June 27, 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-four_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-four-1">[1]</a></sup> Oregon Senate President <a href="/Peter_Courtney" title="Peter Courtney">Peter Courtney</a> (D), who has previously been the target of two unsuccessful recall campaigns, was targeted for recall due to his support for legislation that would ban the sale of electricity produced from coal.<sup id="cite_ref-recall2_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-recall2-2">[2]</a></sup> The petitioner failed to submit the necessary signatures to force a recall election. </p><p><b>Most recall efforts target local officials.</b> For example, all five members of the <a href="/West_Ada_School_District,_Idaho" title="West Ada School District, Idaho">West Ada School District</a> Board of Trustees in <a href="/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</a> were targeted for recall. One member resigned before the recall election, three members were successfully recalled on May 17, 2016, and a separate recall effort was dropped against the one remaining member. A group called Concerned Citizens of West Ada School District for Trustee Recall targeted four members of the board because it questioned the board's transparency and how members treated former Superintendent Linda Clark, who resigned from her position on October 23, 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup> </p><p><b>City council officials drew the most recall attempts in the first half of 2016, with 88 city council members targeted.</b> In <a href="/Mayor_and_city_council_recall,_Crystal_City,_Texas_(2016)" title="Mayor and city council recall, Crystal City, Texas (2016)">Crystal City, Texas</a>, Mayor Ricardo Lopez, Mayor Pro-Tem Rogelio Mata, and Councilman Marco Rodriguez were all recalled on May 7, 2016. Lopez, Rogelio Mata, and Councilman Roel Mata were arrested on federal bribery charges related to an illegal gambling operation run by Ngoc Tri Nguyen. Rodriguez was targeted because of his arrest for illegally transporting migrants into the country.<sup id="cite_ref-washpost_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-washpost-4">[4]</a></sup> In <a href="/Ann_Kitchen_recall,_Austin,_Texas_(2016)" title="Ann Kitchen recall, Austin, Texas (2016)">Austin, Texas</a>, City Councilmember <a href="/Ann_Kitchen" title="Ann Kitchen">Ann Kitchen</a> faced a recall threat because of her efforts to regulate ride-sharing companies like Lyft and Uber. Kitchen advocated for the use of additional background checks on drivers working for these companies. The recall signatures were rejected, which ended the recall effort. <sup id="cite_ref-kitchen_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kitchen-5">[5]</a></sup> Detroit Mayor <a href="/Mike_Duggan" title="Mike Duggan">Mike Duggan</a> is facing a recall effort due to his hiring of two officials with prior law enforcement incidents.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup> </p> <div style="float:right;"><div style="float:right"> <table class="wikitable" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" width="205"> <tbody><tr> <td><div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Beyond_the_Headlines" title="Ballotpedia's Beyond the Headlines"><img alt="Beyond the Headlines - Title Banner.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/a/a3/Beyond_the_Headlines_-_Title_Banner.png/250px-Beyond_the_Headlines_-_Title_Banner.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="38" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/a/a3/Beyond_the_Headlines_-_Title_Banner.png/375px-Beyond_the_Headlines_-_Title_Banner.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/a/a3/Beyond_the_Headlines_-_Title_Banner.png/500px-Beyond_the_Headlines_-_Title_Banner.png 2x" data-file-width="4168" data-file-height="626" /></a></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="float:right"> <table class="wikitable" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" width="205"> <tbody><tr> <td><div class="thumb embedvideo autoResize" style="width: 308px;"><div class="embedvideo autoResize" style=""><div class="embedvideowrap youtube" style="width: 300px"><iframe loading="lazy" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; fullscreen; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" modestbranding="1" width="300" height="169" src="//www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/zWIgoE63LHg"></iframe></div></div></div><span style="font-size:80%">What exactly happens in a recall election? Staff Writer Elisabeth Moore gives a 2-minute overview, including what it means and which officials can be recalled</span> </td></tr></tbody></table></div><span style="font-size:80%">View other episodes <a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Beyond_the_Headlines" title="Ballotpedia's Beyond the Headlines">here</a>.</span> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </div> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Statistics"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Statistics</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Targets_by_state"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Targets by state</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Notable_recalls"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Notable recalls</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Michigan_Gov._Rick_Snyder"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Michigan Gov. Rick Snyder</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Oregon_State_Sen._Peter_Courtney"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Oregon State Sen. Peter Courtney</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Mayor_Mike_Duggan_in_Detroit,_Michigan"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Mayor Mike Duggan in Detroit, Michigan</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#City_Councilmember_Ann_Kitchen_in_Austin,_Texas"><span class="tocnumber">2.4</span> <span class="toctext">City Councilmember Ann Kitchen in Austin, Texas</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Mayor_and_city_council_in_Crystal_City,_Texas"><span class="tocnumber">2.5</span> <span class="toctext">Mayor and city council in Crystal City, Texas</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#West_Ada_Board_of_Trustees_in_Idaho"><span class="tocnumber">2.6</span> <span class="toctext">West Ada Board of Trustees in Idaho</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#Footnotes"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Footnotes</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Statistics">Statistics</span></h2> <p><iframe width="800" height="783" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" style="overflow-y:hidden;" src="https://magic.piktochart.com/embed/14542549-recall-charts-2016"></iframe> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Targets_by_state">Targets by state</span></h3> <p>California leads the way in officials targeted for recall with 63 through June 10, 2016. Michigan and Texas follow with 27 and 20 officials facing recalls, respectively. The map below displays the number of officials targeted for recall in each state, with darker shades representing higher numbers. </p> <center><iframe width="600" height="371" seamless frameborder="0" scrolling="no" src="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1Mz8QMEUfEKD6X0qhGyKnczBcXA9XN5NmH9n2vumM9rM/pubchart?oid=831142749&format=interactive"></iframe></center> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Notable_recalls">Notable recalls</span></h2> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Michigan_Gov._Rick_Snyder">Michigan Gov. Rick Snyder</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Rick_Snyder_recall,_Michigan_(2015_and_2016)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rick Snyder recall, Michigan (2015 and 2016)">Rick Snyder recall, Michigan (2015 and 2016)</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:152px;"><a href="#Michigan_Gov._Rick_Snyder" title=""><img alt="" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/d/d5/RickSnyder2015.jpg/150px-RickSnyder2015.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="229" class="thumbimage" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/d/d5/RickSnyder2015.jpg/225px-RickSnyder2015.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/d/d5/RickSnyder2015.jpg/300px-RickSnyder2015.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2161" data-file-height="3300" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/File:RickSnyder2015.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Gov. Rick Snyder (R)</div></div></div> <p>Governor <a href="/Rick_Snyder" title="Rick Snyder">Rick Snyder</a> (R) was the target of multiple recall efforts in 2016 related to his handling of the <a href="/News_in_Context:_The_Flint_Water_Crisis" title="News in Context: The Flint Water Crisis">Flint water crisis</a>. After high levels of harmful chemicals were found in drinking water from the Flint River in 2015, Snyder, among many other Michigan officials, came under intense national scrutiny for the government's failure to quickly acknowledge and respond to the crisis. Four recall petitions were approved for circulation by the Board of State Canvassers, three of which related to the water crisis. The fourth petition addressed an executive order giving Snyder's office control of the state's School Reform Office, which was previously under the Michigan Department of Education.<sup id="cite_ref-four_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-four-1">[1]</a></sup> </p><p>Two of the petitioners— Benjamin Lazarus, a member of the Warren Consolidated Schools Board of Education, and Reverend David Bullock—joined together to undertake a single petition drive. Petition backers must gather 789,133 signatures within a period of 60 days in order to trigger a recall election; signatures must be filed with the secretary of state within 180 days of the petition's approval. Signature collection initially began on March 27, 2016, but at the end of May, Bullock announced that the petition drive would extend its deadline by three weeks, invalidating all the signatures collected during the first three weeks of the drive. While the move signaled that collection efforts had fallen short leading up to the initial deadline, Bullock also announced an endorsement from the state Democratic Party and asserted that the campaign had gained momentum in recent weeks. </p><p>As of June 15, 2016, the petition drive's website stated their current deadline as June 27, an extension of 32 days past the date collection initially began. If they succeed in their collection efforts, the earliest the recall would appear on the ballot is May 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2016recall_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016recall-8">[8]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Oregon_State_Sen._Peter_Courtney">Oregon State Sen. Peter Courtney</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Peter_Courtney_recall,_Oregon_State_Senate_(2016)" title="Peter Courtney recall, Oregon State Senate (2016)">Peter Courtney recall, Oregon State Senate (2016)</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:117px;"><a href="#Oregon_State_Sen._Peter_Courtney" title=""><img alt="" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/3/36/Peter_courtney.jpg" decoding="async" width="115" height="130" class="thumbimage" data-file-width="115" data-file-height="130" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/File:Peter_courtney.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Oregon state Sen. Peter Courtney (D)</div></div></div> <p>Senate President <a href="/Peter_Courtney" title="Peter Courtney">Peter Courtney</a> (D-11) was targeted for recall due to his support of a minimum wage hike, legislation that would ban the sale of electricity produced by coal, and for allowing the Oregon Veterans Lottery Bill to be cut from 3 percent to 1.5 percent. The measure, if approved by voters, would allocate a certain percentage of the Oregon Lottery revenues to veterans' programs.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup> </p><p><a href="/Matt_Geiger" title="Matt Geiger">Matt Geiger</a>, the leader of the recall group <i>Protect the People—Recall Senator Courtney</i>, filed the recall petition because "Senator Peter Courtney puts special interests that give him big campaign contributions ahead of working families and seniors living in his community."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup> Sen. Courtney was previously targeted for recall in 1993 and 2007, but neither recall effort collected enough signatures to make the ballot.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a></sup> Matt Geiger had until June 13, 2016, to submit the necessary signatures to the <a href="/Oregon_Secretary_of_State" title="Oregon Secretary of State">Oregon Secretary of State</a> but failed to do so.<sup id="cite_ref-recall2_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-recall2-2">[2]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span id="Mayor_Mike_Duggan_in_Detroit.2C_Michigan"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Mayor_Mike_Duggan_in_Detroit,_Michigan">Mayor Mike Duggan in Detroit, Michigan</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Mike_Duggan_recall,_Detroit,_Michigan_(2016)" title="Mike Duggan recall, Detroit, Michigan (2016)">Mike Duggan recall, Detroit, Michigan (2016)</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="thumb tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:77px;"><a href="/File:Mike_Duggan.png" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/1/14/Mike_Duggan.png/75px-Mike_Duggan.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="97" class="thumbimage" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/1/14/Mike_Duggan.png/113px-Mike_Duggan.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/1/14/Mike_Duggan.png/150px-Mike_Duggan.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="258" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/File:Mike_Duggan.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Detroit Mayor Mike Duggan</div></div></div><p>Detroit Mayor <a href="/Mike_Duggan" title="Mike Duggan">Mike Duggan</a> faces a recall effort led by Rick Davis, a community activist also circulating petitions against <a href="/Rick_Snyder" title="Rick Snyder">Gov. Rick Snyder</a> (R) following the <a href="/News_in_Context:_The_Flint_Water_Crisis" title="News in Context: The Flint Water Crisis">Flint water crisis</a>. Davis initiated the recall effort in September 2015 due to the backgrounds of two city officials appointed by Duggan. Department of Neighborhoods Director Charlie Beckham served 21 months in prison following a bribery conviction during his time as the head of the Detroit Water & Sewage Department in the 1980s. Corporation Counsel Melvin Hollowell received a ticket for receiving an act of prostitution in 2004, but the charge was dropped because a county sheriff's deputy wrote the ticket within city limits. Davis' effort was initially ruled as invalid by Wayne County elections officials, but <a href="/Judith_Ellen_Levy" title="Judith Ellen Levy">U.S. District Judge Judith Levy</a> ruled on March 31, 2016, that the petition drive could continue. The recall effort was ongoing at the time of publication, with 41,271 signatures required to force a recall election.<sup id="cite_ref-recall_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-recall-12">[12]</a></sup> </p><h3><span id="City_Councilmember_Ann_Kitchen_in_Austin.2C_Texas"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="City_Councilmember_Ann_Kitchen_in_Austin,_Texas">City Councilmember Ann Kitchen in Austin, Texas</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Ann_Kitchen_recall,_Austin,_Texas_(2016)" title="Ann Kitchen recall, Austin, Texas (2016)">Ann Kitchen recall, Austin, Texas (2016)</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:127px;"><a href="/File:Ann_Kitchen.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/21/Ann_Kitchen.jpg/125px-Ann_Kitchen.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="188" class="thumbimage" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/21/Ann_Kitchen.jpg/188px-Ann_Kitchen.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/21/Ann_Kitchen.jpg/250px-Ann_Kitchen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="638" data-file-height="960" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/File:Ann_Kitchen.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Austin City Councilmember Ann Kitchen</div></div></div><p>Austin was the center of a heated debate over regulations on ride-sharing operators like Uber and Lyft in spring 2016. City residents approved Proposition 1 on May 7, 2016, which placed these operators under similar regulations to traditional taxi companies.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></sup> City Councilmember Ann Kitchen also faced a recall threat due to her support for more strenuous regulations on ride-sharing companies. A group called Austin4All initiated the effort in January 2016 and submitted almost 5,300 signatures to the city clerk on February 19, 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-kitchen_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kitchen-5">[5]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a></sup> These signatures were rejected due to a lack of notary stamps on March 4, 2016, and organizers ended the effort rather than starting a new signature drive.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a></sup> </p><p>Austin4All's effort attracted condemnation from Mayor <a href="/Stephen_Adler" title="Stephen Adler">Stephen Adler</a> and fellow councilmembers <a href="/Gregorio_Casar" class="mw-redirect" title="Gregorio Casar">Gregorio Casar</a> and <a href="/Leslie_Pool" title="Leslie Pool">Leslie Pool</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-kvue_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kvue-17">[17]</a></sup> Attorney Fred Lewis also filed an elections complaint with the city, citing the group's failure to register as a <a href="/Political_action_committee" title="Political action committee">political action committee (PAC)</a> after spending $10,000 to gather signatures. The complaint was not resolved at the time of publication. Austin4All argued prior to the Proposition 1 vote that Kitchen did not represent the majority of city residents who saw ride-sharing as a way to improve city life.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span id="Mayor_and_city_council_in_Crystal_City.2C_Texas"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Mayor_and_city_council_in_Crystal_City,_Texas">Mayor and city council in Crystal City, Texas</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Mayor_and_city_council_recall,_Crystal_City,_Texas_(2016)" title="Mayor and city council recall, Crystal City, Texas (2016)">Mayor and city council recall, Crystal City, Texas (2016)</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Crystal City attracted national attention in February 2016 after Mayor Ricardo Lopez, City Councilmember Rogelio Mata, and City Councilmember Roel Mata were arrested on federal bribery charges. The three men were accused of accepting money from Ngoc Tri Nguyen to waive tax payments on his properties and deny a license to a legal gambling operation that competed with his illegal business. Councilmember Marco Rodriguez was also in the spotlight for his January 2016 arrest for illegally transporting migrants into the United States. City residents organized a recall against Lopez, Rogelio Mata, and Rodriguez due to a lack of public confidence after these events.<sup id="cite_ref-washpost_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-washpost-4">[4]</a></sup> </p><p>The recall effort took a circuitous route to the May 2016 municipal ballot. Recall supporters submitted 1,200 signatures to City Clerk Selina Ramos in November 2015. Ramos refused to verify signatures and claimed that there needed to be signatures equaling at least 51 percent of the total votes in all races up for election during the last municipal election. On February 11, 2016, <a href="/Amado_Abascal" title="Amado Abascal">Zavala County Judge Amado Abascal</a> ordered a review of recall signatures because the city charter only required enough signatures to equal total votes for the offices targeted for recall. The lack of quorum on the city council meant that a recall was not scheduled until March 8, 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-recall_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-recall-12">[12]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-fox_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fox-19">[19]</a></sup> All three officials were recalled on May 7, 2016, with recall supporters receiving 75 percent or more support for removal.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="West_Ada_Board_of_Trustees_in_Idaho">West Ada Board of Trustees in Idaho</span></h3> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/West_Ada_School_District_recall,_Idaho_(2016)" title="West Ada School District recall, Idaho (2016)">West Ada School District recall, Idaho (2016)</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:402px;"><a href="/West_Ada_School_District_recall,_Idaho_(2016)" title="West Ada School District recall, Idaho (2016)"><img alt="" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/26/West_Ada_Board_of_Trustees_2015.jpg/400px-West_Ada_Board_of_Trustees_2015.jpg" decoding="async" width="400" height="267" class="thumbimage" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/26/West_Ada_Board_of_Trustees_2015.jpg/600px-West_Ada_Board_of_Trustees_2015.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/26/West_Ada_Board_of_Trustees_2015.jpg/800px-West_Ada_Board_of_Trustees_2015.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/File:West_Ada_Board_of_Trustees_2015.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>All five members of the West Ada Board of Trustees were initially targeted for recall in November 2015, and four were eventually recalled on May 17, 2016.</div></div></div> <p>Four of the five members of the <a href="/West_Ada_School_District,_Idaho" title="West Ada School District, Idaho">West Ada School District</a> Board of Trustees first joined the board in 2016. The rush of new blood was a result of a recall effort that ultimately ousted four members of the board in May 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-westada1_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-westada1-22">[22]</a></sup> Another recall effort targeted the fifth member of the board, but it was dropped in January 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a></sup> </p><p>A group called Concerned Citizens of West Ada School District for Trustee Recall targeted board members <a href="/Tina_Dean" title="Tina Dean">Tina Dean</a>, <a href="/Carol_Sayles" title="Carol Sayles">Carol Sayles</a>, <a href="/Julie_Madsen" title="Julie Madsen">Julie Madsen</a>, and <a href="/Russell_Joki" title="Russell Joki">Russell Joki</a>, who represented Zones 1, 3, 4, and 5, respectively, after former Superintendent Linda Clark <a href="/West_Ada_School_District_recall,_Idaho_(2016)#Superintendent_Clark_resigns" title="West Ada School District recall, Idaho (2016)">resigned from her position</a> on October 23, 2015. The board refused to accept her resignation and instead voted to terminate her contract on November 9, 2015. The recall group questioned the board's transparency and how members had treated Clark, who said she had been pushed out of office by the four board members.<sup id="cite_ref-westada1_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-westada1-22">[22]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a></sup> </p><p>The recall effort attracted state attention when Sayles and Joki filed a <a href="/West_Ada_School_District_recall,_Idaho_(2016)#Trustees_file_lawsuit_to_halt_recall_election" title="West Ada School District recall, Idaho (2016)">lawsuit seeking an injunction</a> to stop the recall election. They sought a ruling on the number of signatures the recall effort needed to collect, since trustee elections had a much lower voter turnout compared to the district's <a href="/West_Ada_School_District_recall,_Idaho_(2016)#Vote_on_levy" title="West Ada School District recall, Idaho (2016)">2015 levy vote</a>. State officials weighed in on the debate, and <a href="/Idaho_4th_Judicial_District" title="Idaho 4th Judicial District">Fourth District</a> Judge <a href="/Deborah_Bail" title="Deborah Bail">Deborah Bail</a> ruled against the two board members, saying the recall supporters had collected the correct number of signatures and allowing the recall to continue to the ballot.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a></sup> </p><p>State officials also proposed bills related to issues in the West Ada recall effort. <a href="/Idaho_State_Senate" title="Idaho State Senate">Idaho Sen.</a> <a href="/Chuck_Winder" title="Chuck Winder">Chuck Winder</a> (<a href="/Republican" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican">R</a>-<a href="/Idaho_State_Senate_District_20" title="Idaho State Senate District 20">20</a>), a supporter of the recall, proposed a bill seeking to prevent board members who were targeted for recall from having a say in who their replacements would be. He worried that since a majority of the West Ada Board of Trustees had been targeted for recall, enough of them would resign in order to appoint replacements who were "of like mind."<sup id="cite_ref-winderbill_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-winderbill-30">[30]</a></sup> Winder withdrew his bill days later after he received criticism for writing a bill specifically related to a single school district, but two members of the West Ada Board of Trustees did resign weeks apart from each other, which gave the remaining members of the board the ability to appoint two new members who admitted to being opposed to the recall.<sup id="cite_ref-billwithdrawn_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-billwithdrawn-31">[31]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a></sup> </p><p><a href="/Idaho_State_Senate" title="Idaho State Senate">State Sen.</a> <a href="/Jim_Rice_(Idaho)" title="Jim Rice (Idaho)">Jim Rice</a> (<a href="/Republican" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican">R</a>-<a href="/Idaho_State_Senate_District_10" title="Idaho State Senate District 10">10</a>) sponsored a bill in 2016 that sought to change the date of school board elections for better voter turnout and thus increase the number of signatures a recall effort would need to collect.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a></sup> Another proposal sought to expand the state's campaign finance laws to incorporate school board recalls and all ballot measures.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a></sup> Both measures were either rejected or did not move forward before the <a href="/Idaho_State_Legislature" title="Idaho State Legislature">Idaho State Legislature</a>'s session ended for 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a></sup> </p> <div id="div-gpt-ad-1548351761485-0"><script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display("div-gpt-ad-1548351761485-0"); });</script></div><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span></h2> <ul><li><a href="/Recall_overview" title="Recall overview">Recall overview</a></li> <li><a href="/Political_recall_efforts" title="Political recall efforts">Political recall efforts</a></li> <li><a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2016" title="Political recall efforts, 2016">Political recall efforts, 2016</a></li> <li><a href="/Laws_governing_recall" title="Laws governing recall">Laws governing recall</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_2015_Recall_Analysis" title="Ballotpedia's 2015 Recall Analysis">2015 recall analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/Mid-Year_Recall_Report:_Western_states_dominate_recall_news" title="Mid-Year Recall Report: Western states dominate recall news">2015 mid-year report</a></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Footnotes">Footnotes</span></h2> <p> <script type="text/javascript"> if(document.getElementsByClassName("reference").length==0) if(document.getElementById('Footnotes')!==null) document.getElementById('Footnotes').parentNode.style.display = 'none'; </script> </p> <div class="references-small"><div class="mobile-columns" style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-four-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-four_1-0">1.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-four_1-1">1.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/2016/03/31/recall-petitions-against-duggan-snyder-proceed/82480648/"><i>Detroit Free Press,</i> "Former union activist has 60 days to gather signatures to recall governor," March 31, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-recall2-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-recall2_2-0">2.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-recall2_2-1">2.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.cfm-online.com/state-lobbying-blog/2016/3/21/kqx3px0jtijzvel2lnzt9bn7rp0xz8"><i>cfm-online.com</i>, "Session Anger Sparks Courtney Recall Drive," accessed March 23, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.idahostatesman.com/news/local/article78263347.html"><i>Idaho Statesman</i>, "Two West Ada trustees recalled in landslide," accessed June 14, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-washpost-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-washpost_4-0">4.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-washpost_4-1">4.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2016/02/08/theres-only-one-person-left-on-this-texas-city-council-after-fbi-arrests-top-officials-on-corruption-charges/"><i>The Washington Post,</i> "FBI arrests nearly all of the top officials of Crystal City, Tex.," February 8, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kitchen-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-kitchen_5-0">5.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-kitchen_5-1">5.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.austinchronicle.com/daily/news/2016-01-25/news-roundup-police-firings-uber-conspirings/"><i>Austin Chronicle,</i> "News Roundup: Police Firings, Uber Conspirings," January 25, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/2016/03/31/recall-petitions-against-duggan-snyder-proceed/82480648/"><i>Detroit Free Press,</i> "Recall petitions against Duggan, Snyder to proceed," March 31, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://motorcitymuckraker.com/2016/05/28/campaign-to-recall-gov-snyder-falls-far-short-but-gets-new-life/"><i>Motor City Muckraker,</i> "Campaign to recall Gov. Snyder falls far short, but gets new life," May 28, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2016recall-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2016recall_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.freep.com/story/news/politics/2016/01/14/8-more-recall-petitions-filed-against-gov-snyder/78793002/"><i>Detroit Free Press,</i> "8 more petitions to recall Gov. Rick Snyder filed," January 14, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.statesmanjournal.com/story/opinion/columnists/dick-hughes/2016/03/19/xx/82028534/"><i>Statesman Journal</i>, "A political mystery engulfs Oregon’s Senate president," accessed March 23, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.recallpetercourtney.com/"><i>Recall Peter Courtney</i>, "Main page," accessed June 9, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.statesmanjournal.com/story/news/politics/2016/04/18/peter-courtney-responds-recall-petition/82166250/"><i>Statesman Journal</i>, "Peter Courtney responds to recall petition," accessed June 9, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-recall-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-recall_12-0">12.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-recall_12-1">12.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/2016/03/31/recall-petitions-against-duggan-snyder-proceed/82480648/"><i>Detroit Free Press,</i> "Recall petitions against Duggan, Snyder to proceed," March 31, 2016</a> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="en" dir="ltr">Cite error: Invalid <code><ref></code> tag; name "recall" defined multiple times with different content</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/05/09/477310339/uber-lyft-vow-to-stop-driving-in-austin-after-voters-affirm-regulations"><i>NPR,</i> "Uber, Lyft Vow To Stop Driving In Austin After Voters Keep Regulations," May 9, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.kvue.com/news/local/petition-to-recall-city-council-member-ann-kitchen-has-been-filed/49413111"><i>KVUE,</i> "Petition to recall city council member Ann Kitchen has been filed," February 19, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.austinmonitor.com/stories/2016/02/reporters-notebook-6/"><i>Austin Monitor,</i> "Reporter’s Notebook: Drive crashes," February 15, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.statesman.com/news/news/local/austin-clerk-rejects-petition-to-recall-council-me/nqdWN/"><i>Austin Statesman,</i> "Austin clerk rejects petition to recall Council Member Ann Kitchen," March 4, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kvue-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-kvue_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.kvue.com/story/news/politics/2016/02/01/council-defends-ann-kitchen-recall-effort-moves-forward/79660760/"><i>KVUE,</i> "Council defends Ann Kitchen as recall effort moves forward," February 1, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.kvue.com/story/news/local/2016/02/05/ethics-complaint-filed-against-pac-calling-kitchen-recall/79901090/"><i>KVUE,</i> "Ethics complaint filed against PAC calling for Kitchen recall," February 5, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fox-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-fox_19-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://foxsanantonio.com/news/local/zavala-county-judge-takes-steps-towards-recall-election-02-10-2016"><i>Fox San Antonio,</i> "Zavala County Judge takes steps towards recall election," February 9, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://news4sanantonio.com/news/local/crystal-city-residents-vote-to-remove-indicted-city-leaders-in-recall-election?utm_source=twitterfeed&utm_medium=twitter"><i>News 4 San Antonio,</i> "Crystal City residents vote to remove indicted city leaders in recall election," May 7, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.idahostatesman.com/news/local/article82438222.html"><i>Idaho Statesman</i>, "Former election opponent replaces recalled West Ada trustee," June 7, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-westada1-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-westada1_22-0">22.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-westada1_22-1">22.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.idahostatesman.com/news/local/education/article43243965.html"><i>Idaho Statesman</i>, "Group takes first step to recall four West Ada School District trustees," November 5, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.mymeridianpress.com/news/recall-group-drops-efforts-against-west-ada-trustee-mike-vuittonet/article_6006d526-c168-11e5-a66f-a37393210236.html"><i>Meridian Press</i>, "Recall group drops efforts against West Ada Trustee Mike Vuittonet," January 22, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.idahopress.com/news/west-ada-superintendent-linda-clark-announces-forced-resignation-retirement/article_6715163b-61a9-5674-b08a-af7e7a38f7b5.html"><i>Idaho Press-Tribune</i>, "West Ada Superintendent Linda Clark announces 'forced resignation,' retirement," October 23, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.idahostatesman.com/news/local/education/article43799493.html"><i>Idaho Statesman</i>, "West Ada trustees terminate contract of ex-superintendent Clark, who resigned last month," November 9, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.idahostatesman.com/news/local/education/article68636352.html"><i>Idaho Statesman</i>, "Judge rules against blocking West Ada recall," March 28, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.idahostatesman.com/news/local/education/article60074521.html"><i>Idaho Statesman</i>, "4 West Ada trustees face choice: resign or stand for recall," February 12, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.idahostatesman.com/news/local/education/article59167463.html"><i>Idaho Statesman</i>, "Two West Ada School District trustees seek to halt recall," February 8, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.mymeridianpress.com/news/west-ada-trustees-lawsuit-seeks-to-halt-recalls/article_3a8cb52a-cee9-11e5-9407-eff18be67a4b.html"><i>Meridian Press</i>, "West Ada trustees' lawsuit seeks to halt recalls," February 9, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-winderbill-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-winderbill_30-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.idahostatesman.com/news/local/education/article59128768.html"><i>Idaho Statesman</i>, "Senator’s bill targets ‘chaos’ in West Ada School district," February 8, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-billwithdrawn-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-billwithdrawn_31-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.idahostatesman.com/news/local/education/article61083892.html"><i>Idaho Statesman</i>, "West Ada trustee, state senator spar over school board recall motive," February 18, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.idahostatesman.com/news/local/education/article63522992.html"><i>Idaho Statesman</i>, "West Ada School Board adds recall opponent to its ranks," March 2, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.ktvb.com/news/education/west-ada-school-district-picks-new-trustee/155086048"><i>KTVB.com</i>, "West Ada trustees pick new board member," April 27, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-34">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.kivitv.com/news/bill-aims-to-get-more-votes-for-school-boards"><i>KIVI-TV</i>, "Bill aims to get more votes for school boards," February 18, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.mymeridianpress.com/meridian/winder-supports-failed-sunshine-bill-withdraws-his-own-recall-proposal/article_b42ecad6-2d94-5b2f-baaf-c2e4ce227f5c.html"><i>Meridian Press</i>, "Winder supports failed sunshine bill, withdraws his own recall proposal," February 23, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.legislature.idaho.gov/"><i>Idaho State Legislature</i>, "2016 Legislative Interim," accessed May 18, 2016</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div></div> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=";"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";color:#FFFFFF; background:#bbccee;" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:xx-small; ;color:#FFFFFF; background:#bbccee;;border:none;;"><a href="/Template:Recalls_by_office" title="Template:Recalls by office"><span title="View this template" style=";color:#FFFFFF; background:#bbccee;;border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" 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Please use the preview button before saving.">e</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><big><a href="/Recall_overview" title="Recall overview">Political recall elections</a></big></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";color:#FFFFFF; background:#bbccee;;"><big><b><a href="/Laws_governing_recall" title="Laws governing recall">Laws</a></b></big></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Alabama" title="Laws governing recall in Alabama">Alabama</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Alaska" title="Laws governing recall in Alaska">Alaska</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Arizona" title="Laws governing recall in Arizona">Arizona</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Arkansas" title="Laws governing recall in Arkansas">Arkansas</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_California" title="Laws governing recall in California">California</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Colorado" title="Laws governing recall in Colorado">Colorado</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Connecticut" title="Laws governing recall in Connecticut">Connecticut</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Laws governing recall in the District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Florida" title="Laws governing recall in Florida">Florida</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Georgia" title="Laws governing recall in Georgia">Georgia</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Hawaii" title="Laws governing recall in Hawaii">Hawaii</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Idaho" title="Laws governing recall in Idaho">Idaho</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Illinois" title="Laws governing recall in Illinois">Illinois</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Kansas" title="Laws governing recall in Kansas">Kansas</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Louisiana" title="Laws governing recall in Louisiana">Louisiana</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Maine" title="Laws governing recall in Maine">Maine</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Maryland" title="Laws governing recall in Maryland">Maryland</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Massachusetts" title="Laws governing recall in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Michigan" title="Laws governing recall in Michigan">Michigan</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Minnesota" title="Laws governing recall in Minnesota">Minnesota</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Missouri" title="Laws governing recall in Missouri">Missouri</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Montana" title="Laws governing recall in Montana">Montana</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Nebraska" title="Laws governing recall in Nebraska">Nebraska</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Nevada" title="Laws governing recall in Nevada">Nevada</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_New_Hampshire" title="Laws governing recall in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_New_Jersey" title="Laws governing recall in New Jersey">New Jersey</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_New_Mexico" title="Laws governing recall in New Mexico">New Mexico</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_New_York" title="Laws governing recall in New York">New York</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_North_Carolina" title="Laws governing recall in North Carolina">North Carolina</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_North_Dakota" title="Laws governing recall in North Dakota">North Dakota</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Ohio" title="Laws governing recall in Ohio">Ohio</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Oklahoma" title="Laws governing recall in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Oregon" title="Laws governing recall in Oregon">Oregon</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Rhode_Island" title="Laws governing recall in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_South_Dakota" title="Laws governing recall in South Dakota">South Dakota</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Tennessee" title="Laws governing recall in Tennessee">Tennessee</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Texas" title="Laws governing recall in Texas">Texas</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Vermont" title="Laws governing recall in Vermont">Vermont</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Virginia" title="Laws governing recall in Virginia">Virginia</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Washington" title="Laws governing recall in Washington">Washington</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_West_Virginia" title="Laws governing recall in West Virginia">West Virginia</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Wisconsin" title="Laws governing recall in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> • <a href="/Laws_governing_recall_in_Wyoming" title="Laws governing recall in Wyoming">Wyoming</a> <br /><br /> <a href="/States_that_require_grounds_for_recalls" title="States that require grounds for recalls">States that require grounds for recalls</a> • <a href="/States_that_have_pre-petition_signature_requirements_for_recalls" title="States that have pre-petition signature requirements for recalls">States that have pre-petition signature requirements for recalls</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";color:#FFFFFF; background:#bbccee;;"><big><b><a href="/Political_recall_efforts_by_state" title="Political recall efforts by state">Recalls<br />by state</a></b></big></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Alabama" title="Recall campaigns in Alabama">Alabama</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Alaska" title="Recall campaigns in Alaska">Alaska</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Arizona" title="Recall campaigns in Arizona">Arizona</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Arkansas" title="Recall campaigns in Arkansas">Arkansas</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_California" title="Recall campaigns in California">California</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Colorado" title="Recall campaigns in Colorado">Colorado</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Connecticut" title="Recall campaigns in Connecticut">Connecticut</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_District_of_Columbia" title="Recall campaigns in District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Delaware" title="Recall campaigns in Delaware">Delaware</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Florida" title="Recall campaigns in Florida">Florida</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Georgia" title="Recall campaigns in Georgia">Georgia</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Hawaii" title="Recall campaigns in Hawaii">Hawaii</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Idaho" title="Recall campaigns in Idaho">Idaho</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Illinois" title="Recall campaigns in Illinois">Illinois</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Indiana" title="Recall campaigns in Indiana">Indiana</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Iowa" title="Recall campaigns in Iowa">Iowa</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Kansas" title="Recall campaigns in Kansas">Kansas</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Kentucky" title="Recall campaigns in Kentucky">Kentucky</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Louisiana" title="Recall campaigns in Louisiana">Louisiana</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Maine" title="Recall campaigns in Maine">Maine</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Maryland" title="Recall campaigns in Maryland">Maryland</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Massachusetts" title="Recall campaigns in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Michigan" title="Recall campaigns in Michigan">Michigan</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Minnesota" title="Recall campaigns in Minnesota">Minnesota</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Mississippi" title="Recall campaigns in Mississippi">Mississippi</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Missouri" title="Recall campaigns in Missouri">Missouri</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Montana" title="Recall campaigns in Montana">Montana</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Nebraska" title="Recall campaigns in Nebraska">Nebraska</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Nevada" title="Recall campaigns in Nevada">Nevada</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_New_Hampshire" title="Recall campaigns in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_New_Jersey" title="Recall campaigns in New Jersey">New Jersey</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_New_Mexico" title="Recall campaigns in New Mexico">New Mexico</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_New_York" title="Recall campaigns in New York">New York</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_North_Carolina" title="Recall campaigns in North Carolina">North Carolina</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_North_Dakota" title="Recall campaigns in North Dakota">North Dakota</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Ohio" title="Recall campaigns in Ohio">Ohio</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Oklahoma" title="Recall campaigns in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Oregon" title="Recall campaigns in Oregon">Oregon</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Pennsylvania" title="Recall campaigns in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Rhode_Island" title="Recall campaigns in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_South_Carolina" title="Recall campaigns in South Carolina">South Carolina</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_South_Dakota" title="Recall campaigns in South Dakota">South Dakota</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Tennessee" title="Recall campaigns in Tennessee">Tennessee</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Texas" title="Recall campaigns in Texas">Texas</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Utah" title="Recall campaigns in Utah">Utah</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Vermont" title="Recall campaigns in Vermont">Vermont</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Virginia" title="Recall campaigns in Virginia">Virginia</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Washington" title="Recall campaigns in Washington">Washington</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_West_Virginia" title="Recall campaigns in West Virginia">West Virginia</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Wisconsin" title="Recall campaigns in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> • <a href="/Recall_campaigns_in_Wyoming" title="Recall campaigns in Wyoming">Wyoming</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";color:#FFFFFF; background:#bbccee;;"><big><b><a href="/Recall_campaigns,_organized_by_political_office_of_targeted_incumbent" title="Recall campaigns, organized by political office of targeted incumbent">Recalls<br />by office</a></b></big></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/City_council_recalls" title="City council recalls">City council</a> • <a href="/City_official_recalls" title="City official recalls">City official</a> • <a href="/County_commission_recalls" title="County commission recalls">County commission</a> • <a href="/County_official_recalls" title="County official recalls">County officials</a> • <a href="/Mayoral_recalls" title="Mayoral recalls">Mayors</a> • <a href="/Gubernatorial_recalls" title="Gubernatorial recalls">Governors</a> • <a href="/School_board_recalls" title="School board recalls">School board</a> • <a href="/Sheriff_recalls" title="Sheriff recalls">Sheriffs</a> • <a href="/Special_district_recalls" title="Special district recalls">Special districts</a> • <a href="/State_legislative_recalls" title="State legislative recalls">State legislators</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";color:#FFFFFF; background:#bbccee;;"><big><b><a href="/Political_recall_efforts" title="Political recall efforts">Recalls<br />by year</a></b></big></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Recall_Report" title="Ballotpedia's Recall Report">Recall analysis</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts" title="Political recall efforts">All recalls</a> • <a href="/Upcoming_recall_elections" title="Upcoming recall elections">Upcoming recalls</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2025" title="Political recall efforts, 2025">2025</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2024" title="Political recall efforts, 2024">2024</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2023" title="Political recall efforts, 2023">2023</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2022" title="Political recall efforts, 2022">2022</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2021" title="Political recall efforts, 2021">2021</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2020" title="Political recall efforts, 2020">2020</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2019" title="Political recall efforts, 2019">2019</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2018" title="Political recall efforts, 2018">2018</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2017" title="Political recall efforts, 2017">2017</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2016" title="Political recall efforts, 2016">2016</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2015" title="Political recall efforts, 2015">2015</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2014" title="Political recall efforts, 2014">2014</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2013" title="Political recall efforts, 2013">2013</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2012" title="Political recall efforts, 2012">2012</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2011" title="Political recall efforts, 2011">2011</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2010" title="Political recall efforts, 2010">2010</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2009" title="Political recall efforts, 2009">2009</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div></div> <div class="printfooter"> Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Ballotpedia%27s_Mid-Year_Recall_Report_(2016)&oldid=9951154">https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Ballotpedia%27s_Mid-Year_Recall_Report_(2016)&oldid=9951154</a>" </div> <div id="catlinks-container" style="display:none"><div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a 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