CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Albert Bierstadt - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"dc11497c-3bf6-4318-9823-1409d7238e9e","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Albert_Bierstadt","wgTitle":"Albert Bierstadt","wgCurRevisionId":1275231449,"wgRevisionId":1275231449,"wgArticleId":287991,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from Appleton's Cyclopedia","Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from Collier's Encyclopedia","Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use mdy dates from September 2020","Articles with hCards","All articles lacking reliable references", "Articles lacking reliable references from May 2018","Commons category link is on Wikidata","Articles with Internet Archive links","Webarchive template wayback links","1830 births","1902 deaths","19th-century American painters","19th-century American male artists","American male painters","American landscape painters","Artists of the American West","Prussian emigrants to the United States","Hudson River School painters","Luminism (American art style)","American frontier painters","People from Solingen","Artists from the Rhine Province","People from Irvington, New York","Düsseldorf school of painting","Members of the American Academy of Arts and Letters"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Albert_Bierstadt","wgRelevantArticleId":287991,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive": false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q77132","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready", "user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents", "ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.16"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Albert_Bierstadt_by_Napoleon_Sarony%2C_c._1870%2C_albumen_silver_print%2C_from_the_National_Portrait_Gallery_-_NPG-NPG_2007_23Bierstadt-000001.jpg_%28cropped%29.jpg/1200px-Albert_Bierstadt_by_Napoleon_Sarony%2C_c._1870%2C_albumen_silver_print%2C_from_the_National_Portrait_Gallery_-_NPG-NPG_2007_23Bierstadt-000001.jpg_%28cropped%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1800"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Albert_Bierstadt_by_Napoleon_Sarony%2C_c._1870%2C_albumen_silver_print%2C_from_the_National_Portrait_Gallery_-_NPG-NPG_2007_23Bierstadt-000001.jpg_%28cropped%29.jpg/800px-Albert_Bierstadt_by_Napoleon_Sarony%2C_c._1870%2C_albumen_silver_print%2C_from_the_National_Portrait_Gallery_-_NPG-NPG_2007_23Bierstadt-000001.jpg_%28cropped%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Albert_Bierstadt_by_Napoleon_Sarony%2C_c._1870%2C_albumen_silver_print%2C_from_the_National_Portrait_Gallery_-_NPG-NPG_2007_23Bierstadt-000001.jpg_%28cropped%29.jpg/640px-Albert_Bierstadt_by_Napoleon_Sarony%2C_c._1870%2C_albumen_silver_print%2C_from_the_National_Portrait_Gallery_-_NPG-NPG_2007_23Bierstadt-000001.jpg_%28cropped%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="960"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Albert Bierstadt - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Bierstadt&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Albert_Bierstadt rootpage-Albert_Bierstadt skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Albert+Bierstadt" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Albert+Bierstadt" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Albert+Bierstadt" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Albert+Bierstadt" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Early_life_and_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_life_and_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Early life and education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_life_and_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Posthumous_reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Posthumous_reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Posthumous reception</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Posthumous_reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Existing_work" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Existing_work"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Existing work</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Existing_work-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Selected_paintings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Selected_paintings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Selected paintings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Selected_paintings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy_and_honors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy_and_honors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Legacy and honors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy_and_honors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Albert Bierstadt</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 39 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ألبرت بيرشتات – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ألبرت بيرشتات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bir%C5%9Ftadt" title="Albert Birştadt – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Albert Birştadt" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%80%D1%89%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Алберт Бийрщат – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Алберт Бийрщат" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="آلبرت بیرشتات – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آلبرت بیرشتات" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AC%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%BF_%D4%B2%D5%AB%D6%80%D5%B7%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%BF" title="Ալբերտ Բիրշտադտ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ալբերտ Բիրշտադտ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%98_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%93%D7%98" title="אלברט בירסטדט – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אלברט בירסטדט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="البرت بيرشتات – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="البرت بيرشتات" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AB%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%83%93%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%83%E3%83%88" title="アルバート・ビアスタット – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アルバート・ビアスタット" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%B9_%D8%A8%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%B9%DB%8C%DA%88" title="البرٹ بئیرسٹیڈ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="البرٹ بئیرسٹیڈ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%82,_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82" title="Бирштадт, Альберт – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бирштадт, Альберт" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%97_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97" title="อัลแบร์ท เบียร์ชตัท – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อัลแบร์ท เบียร์ชตัท" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%82" title="Алберт Биерстадт – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Алберт Биерстадт" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Albert Bierstadt" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%91%D1%96%D1%80%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%82" title="Альберт Бірштадт – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Альберт Бірштадт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%AF%94%E7%88%BE%E6%96%BD%E5%A1%94%E7%89%B9" title="阿爾伯特·比爾施塔特 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿爾伯特·比爾施塔特" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q77132#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Albert_Bierstadt" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Bierstadt&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Bierstadt&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Bierstadt&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Bierstadt&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Albert_Bierstadt" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Albert_Bierstadt" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Bierstadt&oldid=1275231449" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Bierstadt&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Albert_Bierstadt&id=1275231449&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAlbert_Bierstadt"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAlbert_Bierstadt"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Albert_Bierstadt&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Bierstadt&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Albert_Bierstadt" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q77132" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">German-American landscape painter (1830–1902)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Albert Bierstadt</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Albert_Bierstadt_by_Napoleon_Sarony,_c._1870,_albumen_silver_print,_from_the_National_Portrait_Gallery_-_NPG-NPG_2007_23Bierstadt-000001.jpg_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Albert_Bierstadt_by_Napoleon_Sarony%2C_c._1870%2C_albumen_silver_print%2C_from_the_National_Portrait_Gallery_-_NPG-NPG_2007_23Bierstadt-000001.jpg_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Albert_Bierstadt_by_Napoleon_Sarony%2C_c._1870%2C_albumen_silver_print%2C_from_the_National_Portrait_Gallery_-_NPG-NPG_2007_23Bierstadt-000001.jpg_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Albert_Bierstadt_by_Napoleon_Sarony%2C_c._1870%2C_albumen_silver_print%2C_from_the_National_Portrait_Gallery_-_NPG-NPG_2007_23Bierstadt-000001.jpg_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Albert_Bierstadt_by_Napoleon_Sarony%2C_c._1870%2C_albumen_silver_print%2C_from_the_National_Portrait_Gallery_-_NPG-NPG_2007_23Bierstadt-000001.jpg_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Albert_Bierstadt_by_Napoleon_Sarony%2C_c._1870%2C_albumen_silver_print%2C_from_the_National_Portrait_Gallery_-_NPG-NPG_2007_23Bierstadt-000001.jpg_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Albert_Bierstadt_by_Napoleon_Sarony%2C_c._1870%2C_albumen_silver_print%2C_from_the_National_Portrait_Gallery_-_NPG-NPG_2007_23Bierstadt-000001.jpg_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2646" data-file-height="3969" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Portrait by <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_Sarony" title="Napoleon Sarony">Napoleon Sarony</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1870</span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1830-01-07</span>)</span>January 7, 1830<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Solingen" title="Solingen">Solingen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rhine_Province" title="Rhine Province">Rhine Province</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia">Prussia</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">February 18, 1902<span style="display:none">(1902-02-18)</span> (aged 72)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">American</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCsseldorf_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Düsseldorf School">Düsseldorf School</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Painting</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Notable work</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_works_by_Albert_Bierstadt" title="List of works by Albert Bierstadt">List of works</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Movement</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Hudson_River_School" title="Hudson River School">Hudson River School</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Albert Bierstadt</b> (January 7, 1830 – February 18, 1902) was a <a href="/wiki/German-Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="German-Americans">German American</a> painter best known for his lavish, sweeping landscapes of the <a href="/wiki/Wild_West" class="mw-redirect" title="Wild West">American West</a>. He joined several journeys of the <a href="/wiki/Westward_Expansion" class="mw-redirect" title="Westward Expansion">Westward Expansion</a> to paint the scenes. He was not the first artist to record the sites, but he was the foremost painter of them for the remainder of the 19th century. </p><p>Bierstadt was born in <a href="/wiki/Prussia" title="Prussia">Prussia</a>, but his family moved to the United States when he was one year old. He returned to study painting for several years in <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCsseldorf" title="Düsseldorf">Düsseldorf</a>. He became part of the second generation of the <a href="/wiki/Hudson_River_School" title="Hudson River School">Hudson River School</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a>, an informal group of like-minded painters who started painting along the <a href="/wiki/Hudson_River" title="Hudson River">Hudson River</a>. Their style was based on carefully detailed paintings with <a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">romantic</a>, almost glowing lighting, sometimes called <i><a href="/wiki/Luminism_(American_art_style)" title="Luminism (American art style)">luminism</a></i>. Bierstadt was an important interpreter of the western landscape, and he is also grouped with the Rocky Mountain School.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Bierstadt&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bierstadt was born in <a href="/wiki/Solingen" title="Solingen">Solingen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rhine_Province" title="Rhine Province">Rhine Province</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia">Prussia</a>, on January 7, 1830. He was the son of Christina M. (Tillmans) and Henry Bierstadt, a cooper.<sup id="cite_ref-ANB_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ANB-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His older brothers were prominent stereo view photographers <a href="/wiki/Edward_Bierstadt" title="Edward Bierstadt">Edward Bierstadt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Bierstadt" title="Charles Bierstadt">Charles Bierstadt</a>. Albert was just a year old when his family emigrated to <a href="/wiki/New_Bedford,_Massachusetts" title="New Bedford, Massachusetts">New Bedford, Massachusetts</a>, in 1831. He made clever <a href="/wiki/Crayon" title="Crayon">crayon</a> sketches in his youth and developed a taste for art.<sup id="cite_ref-appletons_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-appletons-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1851, Bierstadt began to paint in oils.<sup id="cite_ref-appletons_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-appletons-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He returned to <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> in 1853 and studied painting for several years in Düsseldorf with members of its informal school of painting. After returning to New Bedford in 1857, he taught drawing and painting briefly before devoting himself full-time to painting.<sup id="cite_ref-nga_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nga-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Bierstadt&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Albert_Bierstadt_-_Among_the_Sierra_Nevada,_California_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Among_the_Sierra_Nevada%2C_California_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Among_the_Sierra_Nevada%2C_California_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Among_the_Sierra_Nevada%2C_California_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Among_the_Sierra_Nevada%2C_California_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Among_the_Sierra_Nevada%2C_California_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Among_the_Sierra_Nevada%2C_California_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3993" data-file-height="2387" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Among_the_Sierra_Nevada,_California" title="Among the Sierra Nevada, California">Among the Sierra Nevada, California</a></i>, 1868, <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_American_Art_Museum" title="Smithsonian American Art Museum">Smithsonian American Art Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Albert_Bierstadt_-_Rocky_Mountain_Landscape_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Rocky_Mountain_Landscape_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Rocky_Mountain_Landscape_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Rocky_Mountain_Landscape_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Rocky_Mountain_Landscape_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Rocky_Mountain_Landscape_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Rocky_Mountain_Landscape_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6079" data-file-height="4092" /></a><figcaption><i>Rocky Mountain Landscape</i>, 1870, <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a>, Washington, D.C.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1858, Bierstadt exhibited a large painting of a Swiss landscape at the <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Design" title="National Academy of Design">National Academy of Design</a>, which gained him positive critical reception and honorary membership in the Academy.<sup id="cite_ref-nga_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nga-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bierstadt began painting scenes in <a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a> and upstate <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>, including in the <a href="/wiki/Hudson_Valley" title="Hudson Valley">Hudson River Valley</a>. He was part of a group of artists known as the <a href="/wiki/Hudson_River_School" title="Hudson River School">Hudson River School</a>. </p><p>In 1859, Bierstadt traveled westward in the company of <a href="/wiki/Frederick_W._Lander" title="Frederick W. Lander">Frederick W. Lander</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Land_surveyor" class="mw-redirect" title="Land surveyor">land surveyor</a> for the U.S. government, to see those western American landscapes for his work.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He returned to a studio he had taken at the <a href="/wiki/Tenth_Street_Studio_Building" title="Tenth Street Studio Building">Tenth Street Studio Building</a> in New York with sketches for numerous paintings he then finished. In 1860, he was elected a member of the <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Design" title="National Academy of Design">National Academy of Design</a>; he received medals in <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, and Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (May 2018)">unreliable source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1863, Bierstadt traveled west again, this time in the company of the author <a href="/wiki/Fitz_Hugh_Ludlow" title="Fitz Hugh Ludlow">Fitz Hugh Ludlow</a>, whose wife he later married. The pair spent seven weeks in the <a href="/wiki/Yosemite_Valley" title="Yosemite Valley">Yosemite Valley</a>. Throughout the 1860s, Bierstadt used studies from this trip as the source for large-scale paintings for exhibition and he continued to visit the American West throughout his career.<sup id="cite_ref-Hassrick_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hassrick-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The immense canvases he produced after his trips with Lander and Ludlow established him as the preeminent painter of the western American landscape.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Gallery_of_Art_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Gallery_of_Art-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bierstadt's technical proficiency, earned through his study of European landscape, was crucial to his success as a painter of the American West and accounted for his popularity in disseminating views of the <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky Mountains</a> to those who had not seen them.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Gallery_of_Art_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Gallery_of_Art-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a> (1861 to 1865), Bierstadt was drafted in 1863 and paid for a substitute to serve in his place. By 1862, he had completed one Civil War painting <i>Guerrilla Warfare, Civil War</i> based on his brief experiences with soldiers stationed at Camp Cameron in 1861.<sup id="cite_ref-harvey_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harvey-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That painting was based on a <a href="/wiki/Stereoscopic" class="mw-redirect" title="Stereoscopic">stereoscopic</a> photograph taken by his brother Edward Bierstadt, who operated a photography studio at Langley's Tavern in Virginia. The painting received a positive review when it was exhibited at the Brooklyn Art Association at the <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Academy_of_Music" title="Brooklyn Academy of Music">Brooklyn Academy of Music</a> in December 1861. Curator <a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Jones_Harvey" title="Eleanor Jones Harvey">Eleanor Jones Harvey</a> observed that the painting, created from photographs, "is quintessentially that of a voyeur, privy to the stories and unblemished by the violence and brutality of first-hand combat experience."<sup id="cite_ref-harvey_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harvey-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Last_of_the_Buffalo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/The_Last_of_the_Buffalo.jpg/220px-The_Last_of_the_Buffalo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/The_Last_of_the_Buffalo.jpg/330px-The_Last_of_the_Buffalo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/The_Last_of_the_Buffalo.jpg/440px-The_Last_of_the_Buffalo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="2948" /></a><figcaption><i>The Last of the Buffalo</i> (1888), <a href="/wiki/National_Gallery_of_Art" title="National Gallery of Art">National Gallery of Art</a>, Washington, D.C.</figcaption></figure> <p>Financial recognition confirmed his status: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Rocky_Mountains,_Lander%27s_Peak" title="The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak">The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak</a></i>, completed in 1863, was purchased for $25,000 in 1865,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the equivalent of almost $400,000 in 2020. </p><p>In 1867, Bierstadt returned to Europe, arriving in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> where he exhibited two landscape paintings in a private reception with <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Gallery_of_Art_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Gallery_of_Art-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He then travelled through Europe for the next two years, painting new works while also cultivating social and business contacts to sustain the market for his art on the continent.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Gallery_of_Art_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Gallery_of_Art-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, he painted <i><a href="/wiki/Among_the_Sierra_Nevada,_California" title="Among the Sierra Nevada, California">Among the Sierra Nevada, California</a></i> in his Rome studio, displaying it in <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> and London before having it shipped to the U.S.<sup id="cite_ref-si_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-si-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His exhibition pieces both impressed European audiences and furthered the idea of the American West as a land of promise during a period when European emigration to the U.S. was increasing. Bierstadt's choice of grandiose subjects was matched by his entrepreneurial flair. His exhibitions of individual works were accompanied by promotion, ticket sales, and, in the words of one critic, a "vast machinery of advertisement and puffery."<sup id="cite_ref-si_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-si-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bierstadt's popularity in the U.S. remained strong during his European tour. The publicity generated by his <a href="/wiki/Yosemite_Valley" title="Yosemite Valley">Yosemite Valley</a> paintings in 1868 led a number of explorers to request his presence as part of their westward expeditions. The <a href="/wiki/Atchison,_Topeka,_and_Santa_Fe_Railroad" class="mw-redirect" title="Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railroad">Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railroad</a> also commissioned him to visit and paint the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Canyon" title="Grand Canyon">Grand Canyon</a> and surrounding region.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rosalie_Osborne_Bierstadt,_standing,_unknown_date,_William_Kurtz.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Rosalie_Osborne_Bierstadt%2C_standing%2C_unknown_date%2C_William_Kurtz.jpg/187px-Rosalie_Osborne_Bierstadt%2C_standing%2C_unknown_date%2C_William_Kurtz.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Rosalie_Osborne_Bierstadt%2C_standing%2C_unknown_date%2C_William_Kurtz.jpg/281px-Rosalie_Osborne_Bierstadt%2C_standing%2C_unknown_date%2C_William_Kurtz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Rosalie_Osborne_Bierstadt%2C_standing%2C_unknown_date%2C_William_Kurtz.jpg/375px-Rosalie_Osborne_Bierstadt%2C_standing%2C_unknown_date%2C_William_Kurtz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1090" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Rosalie Bierstadt, unknown date</figcaption></figure> <p>Despite his popular success, Bierstadt was criticized by some contemporaries for the <a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">romanticism</a> evident in his choice of subjects and for his use of light, which they found excessive. Some critics objected to Bierstadt's paintings of <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native Americans</a> based on their belief that including Indigenous Americans "marred" the "impression of solitary grandeur."<sup id="cite_ref-Hassrick_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hassrick-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His wife, Rosalie, was diagnosed with <a href="/wiki/Tuberculosis" title="Tuberculosis">tuberculosis</a> in 1876, and Bierstadt spent increasing amounts of time with her in the warmer climate of <a href="/wiki/Nassau,_Bahamas" class="mw-redirect" title="Nassau, Bahamas">Nassau</a> in the <a href="/wiki/The_Bahamas" title="The Bahamas">Bahamas</a> until her death in 1893. He also maintained travel between the western United States, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, and his studio in New York.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Gallery_of_Art_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Gallery_of_Art-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Though his painting career continued later into his life, Bierstadt's work fell increasingly out of critical favor and was increasingly attacked for its theatrical tone.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Gallery_of_Art_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Gallery_of_Art-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1882, a fire destroyed Bierstadt's studio at <a href="/wiki/Irvington,_New_York" title="Irvington, New York">Irvington, New York</a>, and, with it, many of his paintings.<sup id="cite_ref-appletons_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-appletons-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Original_Colour_Photo_of_Albert_Bierstadt,_c._1895.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Original_Colour_Photo_of_Albert_Bierstadt%2C_c._1895.png/187px-Original_Colour_Photo_of_Albert_Bierstadt%2C_c._1895.png" decoding="async" width="187" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Original_Colour_Photo_of_Albert_Bierstadt%2C_c._1895.png/280px-Original_Colour_Photo_of_Albert_Bierstadt%2C_c._1895.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Original_Colour_Photo_of_Albert_Bierstadt%2C_c._1895.png/374px-Original_Colour_Photo_of_Albert_Bierstadt%2C_c._1895.png 2x" data-file-width="1541" data-file-height="2027" /></a><figcaption>Albert Bierstadt in an early <a href="/wiki/Color_photography" title="Color photography">color photograph</a> by his brother <a href="/wiki/Edward_Bierstadt" title="Edward Bierstadt">Edward Bierstadt</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1895</figcaption></figure> <p>Bierstadt was a prolific artist, having completed over 500 paintings during his lifetime.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yet by the time of his death on February 18, 1902,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the taste for epic landscape painting had long since subsided. Bierstadt was buried at the <a href="/wiki/Rural_Cemetery_(New_Bedford,_Massachusetts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rural Cemetery (New Bedford, Massachusetts)">Rural Cemetery</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_Bedford,_Massachusetts" title="New Bedford, Massachusetts">New Bedford, Massachusetts</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-ANB_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ANB-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and remained largely forgotten for nearly 60 years.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Gallery_of_Art_8-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Gallery_of_Art-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Posthumous_reception">Posthumous reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Bierstadt&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Posthumous reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Interest in Bierstadt's work was renewed in the 1960s with the exhibition of his small oil studies.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Gallery_of_Art_8-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Gallery_of_Art-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Modern opinions of Bierstadt have been divided. Some critics have regarded his work as gaudy, oversized, extravagant champions of <a href="/wiki/Manifest_Destiny" class="mw-redirect" title="Manifest Destiny">Manifest Destiny</a>. Others have noted that his landscapes helped create support for the <a href="/wiki/Conservation_movement" title="Conservation movement">conservation movement</a> and the establishment of <a href="/wiki/Yellowstone_National_Park" title="Yellowstone National Park">Yellowstone National Park</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hassrick_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hassrick-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His work has been placed in a favorable context, as stated in 1987: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The temptation (to criticize him) should be steadfastly resisted. Bierstadt's theatrical art, fervent sociability, international outlook, and unquenchable personal energy reflected the epic expansion in every facet of Western civilization during the second half of the nineteenth century.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>On the other hand, his work has also been criticized as largely an imaginary depiction of nature, and even "soulless" in its execution.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Existing_work">Existing work</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Bierstadt&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Existing work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_works_by_Albert_Bierstadt" title="List of works by Albert Bierstadt">List of works by Albert Bierstadt</a></div> <ul><li>1853 – <i>Majesty of the Mountains</i></li> <li>1855 – <i>The Old Mill</i></li> <li>1855 – <i>The Portico of Octavia</i></li> <li>1855 – <i>Westphalia</i></li> <li>1858 – <i>Lake Lucerne</i>, c. 1853, oil on canvas, <a href="/wiki/National_Gallery_of_Art" title="National Gallery of Art">National Gallery of Art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></li> <li>1859 – <i>The Wolf River, Kansas</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> c. 1859, oil on canvas, <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Institute_of_Arts" title="Detroit Institute of Arts">Detroit Institute of Arts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a>, Michigan</li> <li>1861 – <i>Echo Lake, Franconia Mountains, NH</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Smith College Museum of Art,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Smith_College" title="Smith College">Smith College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northampton,_Massachusetts" title="Northampton, Massachusetts">Northampton, Massachusetts</a></li> <li>1863 – <i><a href="/wiki/The_Rocky_Mountains,_Lander%27s_Peak" title="The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak">The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak</a></i>, oil on canvas, <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, New York</li> <li>1864 – <i>Cho-looke, the Yosemite Fall</i>, oil on canvas, <a href="/wiki/Timken_Museum_of_Art" title="Timken Museum of Art">Timken Museum of Art</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a>, California<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1864 – <i><a href="/wiki/Valley_of_the_Yosemite" title="Valley of the Yosemite">Valley of the Yosemite</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> oil on paper, <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Boston" title="Museum of Fine Arts, Boston">Museum of Fine Arts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, Massachusetts</li> <li>1865 – <i>Looking Down Yosemite Valley</i>, <a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Museum_of_Art" title="Birmingham Museum of Art">Birmingham Museum of Art</a>, Alabama<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1866 – <i>Yosemite Valley</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Oil on canvas on panel-back stretcher, <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Museum_of_Art" title="Cleveland Museum of Art">Cleveland Museum of Art</a>, Cleveland, Ohio</li> <li>1866 – <i>On the Hudson River Near Irvington</i>, 1866–70, oil on paper, <a href="/wiki/Berkshire_Museum" title="Berkshire Museum">Berkshire Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pittsfield,_Massachusetts" title="Pittsfield, Massachusetts">Pittsfield, Massachusetts</a></li> <li>1866 – <i><a href="/wiki/A_Storm_in_the_Rocky_Mountains,_Mt._Rosalie" title="A Storm in the Rocky Mountains, Mt. Rosalie">A Storm in the Rocky Mountains, Mt. Rosalie</a></i>, oil on canvas, <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Museum" title="Brooklyn Museum">Brooklyn Museum</a>, New York City, New York</li> <li>1868 – <i>Connecticut River Valley, Claremont, New Hampshire</i>, 1868, oil on canvas, <a href="/wiki/Berkshire_Museum" title="Berkshire Museum">Berkshire Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pittsfield,_Massachusetts" title="Pittsfield, Massachusetts">Pittsfield, Massachusetts</a></li> <li>1868 – <i>In the Sierras</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Fogg_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Fogg Museum">Fogg Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge, Massachusetts</a></li> <li>1868 – <i><a href="/wiki/Among_the_Sierra_Nevada,_California" title="Among the Sierra Nevada, California">Among the Sierra Nevada, California</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_American_Art_Museum" title="Smithsonian American Art Museum">Smithsonian American Art Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></li> <li>1869 – <i>Glen Ellis Falls</i>, oil on canvas, <a href="/wiki/Zimmerli_Art_Museum_at_Rutgers_University" title="Zimmerli Art Museum at Rutgers University">Zimmerli Art Museum</a>, New Brunswick, New Jersey</li> <li>1870 – <i>Sierra Nevada Morning</i>, oil on canvas, <a href="/wiki/Gilcrease_Museum" title="Gilcrease Museum">Gilcrease Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tulsa,_Oklahoma" title="Tulsa, Oklahoma">Tulsa, Oklahoma</a></li> <li>1870 – <i><a href="/wiki/Puget_Sound_on_the_Pacific_Coast" title="Puget Sound on the Pacific Coast">Puget Sound on the Pacific Coast</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> oil on canvas, <a href="/wiki/Seattle_Art_Museum" title="Seattle Art Museum">Seattle Art Museum</a>, Seattle, Washington</li> <li>1870 – <i>Laramie Peak</i>, oil on canvas, Buffalo AKG Art Museum, Buffalo, New York</li> <li>1871 – <i>Domes of Yosemite</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> c. 1871, <a href="/wiki/St._Johnsbury_Athenaeum" title="St. Johnsbury Athenaeum">St. Johnsbury Athenaeum</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._Johnsbury,_Vermont" title="St. Johnsbury, Vermont">St. Johnsbury, Vermont</a></li> <li>1874 – <i>Giant Redwood Trees of California</i>, c. 1874, oil on canvas, <a href="/wiki/Berkshire_Museum" title="Berkshire Museum">Berkshire Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pittsfield,_Massachusetts" title="Pittsfield, Massachusetts">Pittsfield, Massachusetts</a></li> <li>1875 – <i><a href="/wiki/Mount_Adams_(Washington)" title="Mount Adams (Washington)">Mount Adams, Washington</a></i>, 1875, oil on canvas, <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Art_Museum" title="Princeton University Art Museum">Princeton University Art Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Princeton,_New_Jersey" title="Princeton, New Jersey">Princeton, New Jersey</a></li> <li>1876 – <i>Mount Corcoran</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> c. 1876–77, oil on canvas, <a href="/wiki/Corcoran_Gallery_of_Art" title="Corcoran Gallery of Art">Corcoran Gallery of Art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></li> <li>1888 – <i><a href="/wiki/File:Albert_Bierstadt_-_The_Last_of_the_Buffalo.jpg" title="File:Albert Bierstadt - The Last of the Buffalo.jpg">The Last of the Buffalo</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> oil on canvas, <a href="/wiki/Corcoran_Gallery_of_Art" title="Corcoran Gallery of Art">Corcoran Gallery of Art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></li> <li>1889 – <i><a href="/wiki/Alaskan_Coast_Range_(painting)" title="Alaskan Coast Range (painting)">Alaskan Coast Range</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> c. 1889, <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_American_Art_Museum" title="Smithsonian American Art Museum">Smithsonian American Art Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></li> <li>1891 – <i>The Last of the Buffalo</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> c. 1891, vintage photogravure, Valley Fine Art Gallery, <a href="/wiki/Aspen,_Colorado" title="Aspen, Colorado">Aspen, Colorado</a></li> <li>1895 – <i>The Morteratsch Glacier Upper Engadine Valley – Pontresina</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Selected_paintings">Selected paintings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Bierstadt&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Selected paintings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Albert_Bierstadt_-_Roman_Fish_Market._Arch_of_Octavius_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Roman Fish Market, Arch of Octavius, 1858, De Young Museum, San Francisco, California"><img alt="Roman Fish Market, Arch of Octavius, 1858, De Young Museum, San Francisco, California" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Roman_Fish_Market._Arch_of_Octavius_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Roman_Fish_Market._Arch_of_Octavius_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Roman_Fish_Market._Arch_of_Octavius_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Roman_Fish_Market._Arch_of_Octavius_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Roman_Fish_Market._Arch_of_Octavius_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Roman_Fish_Market._Arch_of_Octavius_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1838" data-file-height="1363" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Roman Fish Market, Arch of Octavius, 1858, <a href="/wiki/De_Young_(museum)" class="mw-redirect" title="De Young (museum)">De Young Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco, California">San Francisco, California</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gosnold_at_Cuttyhunk.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gosnold at Cuttyhunk, c. 1858, New Bedford Whaling Museum, New Bedford, Massachusetts"><img alt="Gosnold at Cuttyhunk, c. 1858, New Bedford Whaling Museum, New Bedford, Massachusetts" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Gosnold_at_Cuttyhunk.jpg/220px-Gosnold_at_Cuttyhunk.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Gosnold_at_Cuttyhunk.jpg/330px-Gosnold_at_Cuttyhunk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Gosnold_at_Cuttyhunk.jpg/440px-Gosnold_at_Cuttyhunk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="941" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Gosnold at Cuttyhunk</i>, c. 1858, <a href="/wiki/New_Bedford_Whaling_Museum" title="New Bedford Whaling Museum">New Bedford Whaling Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Bedford,_MA" class="mw-redirect" title="New Bedford, MA">New Bedford</a>, Massachusetts </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Albert_Bierstadt_-_The_Marina_Piccola,_Capri.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Marina Piccola, Capri, 1859, Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo, New York"><img alt="The Marina Piccola, Capri, 1859, Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo, New York" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Albert_Bierstadt_-_The_Marina_Piccola%2C_Capri.jpg/220px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_The_Marina_Piccola%2C_Capri.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Albert_Bierstadt_-_The_Marina_Piccola%2C_Capri.jpg/330px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_The_Marina_Piccola%2C_Capri.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Albert_Bierstadt_-_The_Marina_Piccola%2C_Capri.jpg/440px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_The_Marina_Piccola%2C_Capri.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1532" data-file-height="887" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Marina Piccola, Capri</i>, 1859, <a href="/wiki/Albright-Knox_Art_Gallery" class="mw-redirect" title="Albright-Knox Art Gallery">Albright-Knox Art Gallery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York" title="Buffalo, New York">Buffalo</a>, New York </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Albert_Bierstadt_-_Indians_Spear_Fishing_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Indians Spear Fishing, 1862, Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Texas"><img alt="Indians Spear Fishing, 1862, Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Texas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Indians_Spear_Fishing_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Indians_Spear_Fishing_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Indians_Spear_Fishing_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Indians_Spear_Fishing_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Indians_Spear_Fishing_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Indians_Spear_Fishing_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6345" data-file-height="4124" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Indians Spear Fishing</i>, 1862, <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Houston" title="Museum of Fine Arts, Houston">Museum of Fine Arts, Houston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Albert_Bierstadt_-_Guerrilla_Warfare.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Guerilla Warfare, Civil War, 1862, Century Association, New York City"><img alt="Guerilla Warfare, Civil War, 1862, Century Association, New York City" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Guerrilla_Warfare.jpg/220px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Guerrilla_Warfare.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Guerrilla_Warfare.jpg/330px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Guerrilla_Warfare.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Guerrilla_Warfare.jpg/440px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Guerrilla_Warfare.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1372" data-file-height="1171" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Guerilla Warfare, Civil War</i>, 1862, <a href="/wiki/Century_Association" title="Century Association">Century Association</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Albert_Bierstadt_-_Sunlight_and_Shadow_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sunlight and Shadow, 1862, De Young Museum, San Francisco, California"><img alt="Sunlight and Shadow, 1862, De Young Museum, San Francisco, California" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Sunlight_and_Shadow_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/181px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Sunlight_and_Shadow_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="181" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Sunlight_and_Shadow_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/272px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Sunlight_and_Shadow_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Sunlight_and_Shadow_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/363px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Sunlight_and_Shadow_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3665" data-file-height="4441" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Sunlight and Shadow</i>, 1862, <a href="/wiki/De_Young_(museum)" class="mw-redirect" title="De Young (museum)">De Young Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco, California">San Francisco, California</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bierstadt_Albert_Oregon_Trail.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Oregon Trail (Campfire), 1863"><img alt="Oregon Trail (Campfire), 1863" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Bierstadt_Albert_Oregon_Trail.jpg/220px-Bierstadt_Albert_Oregon_Trail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Bierstadt_Albert_Oregon_Trail.jpg/330px-Bierstadt_Albert_Oregon_Trail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Bierstadt_Albert_Oregon_Trail.jpg/440px-Bierstadt_Albert_Oregon_Trail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1147" data-file-height="764" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Oregon Trail (Campfire)</i>, 1863</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Albert_Bierstadt_-_The_Rocky_Mountains,_Lander%27s_Peak.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak, 1863, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City"><img alt="The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak, 1863, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Albert_Bierstadt_-_The_Rocky_Mountains%2C_Lander%27s_Peak.jpg/220px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_The_Rocky_Mountains%2C_Lander%27s_Peak.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Albert_Bierstadt_-_The_Rocky_Mountains%2C_Lander%27s_Peak.jpg/330px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_The_Rocky_Mountains%2C_Lander%27s_Peak.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Albert_Bierstadt_-_The_Rocky_Mountains%2C_Lander%27s_Peak.jpg/440px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_The_Rocky_Mountains%2C_Lander%27s_Peak.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3789" data-file-height="2269" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rocky_Mountains,_Lander%27s_Peak" title="The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak">The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak</a></i>, 1863, <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>, New York City</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Albert_Bierstadt_-_Valley_of_the_Yosemite_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Valley of the Yosemite, 1864, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Massachusetts"><img alt="Valley of the Yosemite, 1864, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Massachusetts" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Valley_of_the_Yosemite_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Valley_of_the_Yosemite_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Valley_of_the_Yosemite_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Valley_of_the_Yosemite_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Valley_of_the_Yosemite_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Valley_of_the_Yosemite_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6301" data-file-height="3898" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Valley_of_the_Yosemite" title="Valley of the Yosemite">Valley of the Yosemite</a></i>, 1864, <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Boston" title="Museum of Fine Arts, Boston">Museum of Fine Arts</a>, Boston, Massachusetts</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Looking_Down_Yosemite-Valley.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Looking Down Yosemite Valley, California, 1865, Birmingham Museum of Art, Alabama"><img alt="Looking Down Yosemite Valley, California, 1865, Birmingham Museum of Art, Alabama" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Looking_Down_Yosemite-Valley.jpg/220px-Looking_Down_Yosemite-Valley.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Looking_Down_Yosemite-Valley.jpg/330px-Looking_Down_Yosemite-Valley.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Looking_Down_Yosemite-Valley.jpg/440px-Looking_Down_Yosemite-Valley.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8800" data-file-height="5848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Looking_Down_Yosemite_Valley,_California" title="Looking Down Yosemite Valley, California">Looking Down Yosemite Valley, California</a></i>, 1865, <a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Museum_of_Art" title="Birmingham Museum of Art">Birmingham Museum of Art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bierstadt_Albert_Staubbach_Falls_Near_Lauterbrunnen_Switzerland.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Staubbach Falls, Near Lauterbrunnen, Switzerland, 1865"><img alt="Staubbach Falls, Near Lauterbrunnen, Switzerland, 1865" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Bierstadt_Albert_Staubbach_Falls_Near_Lauterbrunnen_Switzerland.jpg/220px-Bierstadt_Albert_Staubbach_Falls_Near_Lauterbrunnen_Switzerland.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Bierstadt_Albert_Staubbach_Falls_Near_Lauterbrunnen_Switzerland.jpg/330px-Bierstadt_Albert_Staubbach_Falls_Near_Lauterbrunnen_Switzerland.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Bierstadt_Albert_Staubbach_Falls_Near_Lauterbrunnen_Switzerland.jpg/440px-Bierstadt_Albert_Staubbach_Falls_Near_Lauterbrunnen_Switzerland.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1296" data-file-height="822" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Staubbach Falls, Near Lauterbrunnen, Switzerland</i>, 1865</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Albert_Bierstadt_-_A_Storm_in_the_Rocky_Mountains,_Mt._Rosalie_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A Storm in the Rocky Mountains, Mt. Rosalie, 1866, Brooklyn Museum, New York City"><img alt="A Storm in the Rocky Mountains, Mt. Rosalie, 1866, Brooklyn Museum, New York City" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Albert_Bierstadt_-_A_Storm_in_the_Rocky_Mountains%2C_Mt._Rosalie_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_A_Storm_in_the_Rocky_Mountains%2C_Mt._Rosalie_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Albert_Bierstadt_-_A_Storm_in_the_Rocky_Mountains%2C_Mt._Rosalie_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_A_Storm_in_the_Rocky_Mountains%2C_Mt._Rosalie_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Albert_Bierstadt_-_A_Storm_in_the_Rocky_Mountains%2C_Mt._Rosalie_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_A_Storm_in_the_Rocky_Mountains%2C_Mt._Rosalie_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5736" data-file-height="3319" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/A_Storm_in_the_Rocky_Mountains,_Mt._Rosalie" title="A Storm in the Rocky Mountains, Mt. Rosalie">A Storm in the Rocky Mountains, Mt. Rosalie</a></i>, 1866, <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Museum" title="Brooklyn Museum">Brooklyn Museum</a>, New York City</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bierstadt_Albert_-_Yosemite_Valley.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yosemite Valley, Yosemite Park, c. 1868, Oakland Museum, California"><img alt="Yosemite Valley, Yosemite Park, c. 1868, Oakland Museum, California" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Bierstadt_Albert_-_Yosemite_Valley.jpg/220px-Bierstadt_Albert_-_Yosemite_Valley.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Bierstadt_Albert_-_Yosemite_Valley.jpg/330px-Bierstadt_Albert_-_Yosemite_Valley.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Bierstadt_Albert_-_Yosemite_Valley.jpg/440px-Bierstadt_Albert_-_Yosemite_Valley.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1964" data-file-height="1286" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Yosemite Valley, Yosemite Park</i>, c. 1868, <a href="/wiki/Oakland_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Oakland Museum">Oakland Museum</a>, California</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Albert_Bierstadt_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lake Tahoe, 1868, Fogg Art Museum, Cambridge, Massachusetts"><img alt="Lake Tahoe, 1868, Fogg Art Museum, Cambridge, Massachusetts" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Albert_Bierstadt_001.jpg/220px-Albert_Bierstadt_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Albert_Bierstadt_001.jpg/330px-Albert_Bierstadt_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Albert_Bierstadt_001.jpg/440px-Albert_Bierstadt_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5681" data-file-height="4601" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Lake Tahoe</i>, 1868, <a href="/wiki/Fogg_Art_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Fogg Art Museum">Fogg Art Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge</a>, Massachusetts</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HRSOA_AlbertBierstadt-Storm_in_the_Mountains.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Storm in the Mountains, c. 1870, Museum of Fine Art, Boston, Massachusetts"><img alt="Storm in the Mountains, c. 1870, Museum of Fine Art, Boston, Massachusetts" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/HRSOA_AlbertBierstadt-Storm_in_the_Mountains.jpg/220px-HRSOA_AlbertBierstadt-Storm_in_the_Mountains.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/HRSOA_AlbertBierstadt-Storm_in_the_Mountains.jpg/330px-HRSOA_AlbertBierstadt-Storm_in_the_Mountains.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/HRSOA_AlbertBierstadt-Storm_in_the_Mountains.jpg/440px-HRSOA_AlbertBierstadt-Storm_in_the_Mountains.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Storm in the Mountains</i>, c. 1870, <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Boston" title="Museum of Fine Arts, Boston">Museum of Fine Art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, Massachusetts </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sierra_Nevada_Albert_Bierstadt_circa_1871.jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sierra Nevada, c. 1871–1873, Reynolda House Museum of American Art, Winston-Salem, North Carolina"><img alt="Sierra Nevada, c. 1871–1873, Reynolda House Museum of American Art, Winston-Salem, North Carolina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Sierra_Nevada_Albert_Bierstadt_circa_1871.jpeg/220px-Sierra_Nevada_Albert_Bierstadt_circa_1871.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Sierra_Nevada_Albert_Bierstadt_circa_1871.jpeg/330px-Sierra_Nevada_Albert_Bierstadt_circa_1871.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Sierra_Nevada_Albert_Bierstadt_circa_1871.jpeg/440px-Sierra_Nevada_Albert_Bierstadt_circa_1871.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1221" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Sierra Nevada</i>, c. 1871–1873, <a href="/wiki/Reynolda_House_Museum_of_American_Art" title="Reynolda House Museum of American Art">Reynolda House Museum of American Art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Winston-Salem,_North_Carolina" title="Winston-Salem, North Carolina">Winston-Salem</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Albert_Bierstadt_-_Giant_Redwood_Trees_of_California_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Giant Redwood Trees of California, 1874, Berkshire Museum, Massachusetts"><img alt="Giant Redwood Trees of California, 1874, Berkshire Museum, Massachusetts" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Giant_Redwood_Trees_of_California_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/178px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Giant_Redwood_Trees_of_California_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="178" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Giant_Redwood_Trees_of_California_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/267px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Giant_Redwood_Trees_of_California_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Giant_Redwood_Trees_of_California_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/356px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Giant_Redwood_Trees_of_California_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4501" data-file-height="5556" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Sequoiadendron_giganteum" title="Sequoiadendron giganteum">Giant Redwood Trees of California</a></i>, 1874, <a href="/wiki/Berkshire_Museum" title="Berkshire Museum">Berkshire Museum</a>, Massachusetts</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Albert_Bierstadt_-_California_Spring_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="California Spring, 1875, De Young Museum, San Francisco, California"><img alt="California Spring, 1875, De Young Museum, San Francisco, California" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Albert_Bierstadt_-_California_Spring_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_California_Spring_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Albert_Bierstadt_-_California_Spring_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_California_Spring_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Albert_Bierstadt_-_California_Spring_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_California_Spring_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4764" data-file-height="3046" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>California Spring</i>, 1875, <a href="/wiki/De_Young_(museum)" class="mw-redirect" title="De Young (museum)">De Young Museum</a>, San Francisco, California</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1875,_Bierstadt,_Albert,_Mount_Adams,_Washington.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mount Adams, Washington, 1875, Princeton University Art Museum, New Jersey"><img alt="Mount Adams, Washington, 1875, Princeton University Art Museum, New Jersey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/1875%2C_Bierstadt%2C_Albert%2C_Mount_Adams%2C_Washington.jpg/220px-1875%2C_Bierstadt%2C_Albert%2C_Mount_Adams%2C_Washington.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/1875%2C_Bierstadt%2C_Albert%2C_Mount_Adams%2C_Washington.jpg/330px-1875%2C_Bierstadt%2C_Albert%2C_Mount_Adams%2C_Washington.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/1875%2C_Bierstadt%2C_Albert%2C_Mount_Adams%2C_Washington.jpg/440px-1875%2C_Bierstadt%2C_Albert%2C_Mount_Adams%2C_Washington.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4135" data-file-height="2652" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Mount_Adams_(Washington)" title="Mount Adams (Washington)">Mount Adams, Washington</a></i>, 1875, <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Art_Museum" title="Princeton University Art Museum">Princeton University Art Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sunrise_on_the_Matterhorn_MET_DT218107.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sunrise on the Matterhorn, after 1875, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City"><img alt="Sunrise on the Matterhorn, after 1875, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Sunrise_on_the_Matterhorn_MET_DT218107.jpg/161px-Sunrise_on_the_Matterhorn_MET_DT218107.jpg" decoding="async" width="161" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Sunrise_on_the_Matterhorn_MET_DT218107.jpg/241px-Sunrise_on_the_Matterhorn_MET_DT218107.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Sunrise_on_the_Matterhorn_MET_DT218107.jpg/322px-Sunrise_on_the_Matterhorn_MET_DT218107.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2721" data-file-height="3722" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Sunrise_on_the_Matterhorn_(Albert_Bierstadt)" title="Sunrise on the Matterhorn (Albert Bierstadt)">Sunrise on the Matterhorn</a></i>, after 1875, <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>, New York City</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Albert_Bierstadt,_Estes_Park_and_Longs_Peak,_circa_1876.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Estes Park, Long's Peak, c 1876-1877, Denver Art Museum, Colorado (on loan from the Denver Public Library)"><img alt="Estes Park, Long's Peak, c 1876-1877, Denver Art Museum, Colorado (on loan from the Denver Public Library)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Albert_Bierstadt%2C_Estes_Park_and_Longs_Peak%2C_circa_1876.jpg/220px-Albert_Bierstadt%2C_Estes_Park_and_Longs_Peak%2C_circa_1876.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Albert_Bierstadt%2C_Estes_Park_and_Longs_Peak%2C_circa_1876.jpg/330px-Albert_Bierstadt%2C_Estes_Park_and_Longs_Peak%2C_circa_1876.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Albert_Bierstadt%2C_Estes_Park_and_Longs_Peak%2C_circa_1876.jpg/440px-Albert_Bierstadt%2C_Estes_Park_and_Longs_Peak%2C_circa_1876.jpg 2x" data-file-width="864" data-file-height="537" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Estes Park, Long's Peak,</i> c 1876-1877, <a href="/wiki/Denver_Art_Museum" title="Denver Art Museum">Denver Art Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a> (on loan from the Denver Public Library)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Albert_Bierstadt_-_Mount_Corcoran.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mount Corcoran, c. 1876–1877, Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C."><img alt="Mount Corcoran, c. 1876–1877, Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Mount_Corcoran.jpg/220px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Mount_Corcoran.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Mount_Corcoran.jpg/330px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Mount_Corcoran.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Mount_Corcoran.jpg/440px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Mount_Corcoran.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8903" data-file-height="5595" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Mount_Corcoran" title="Mount Corcoran">Mount Corcoran</a></i>, c. 1876–1877, <a href="/wiki/Corcoran_Gallery_of_Art" title="Corcoran Gallery of Art">Corcoran Gallery of Art</a>, Washington, D.C.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emerald_Sea_-_Albert_Bierstadt.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emerald Sea (or The Shore of the Turquoise Sea), 1878, Manoogian Collection, Detroit, Michigan"><img alt="Emerald Sea (or The Shore of the Turquoise Sea), 1878, Manoogian Collection, Detroit, Michigan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Emerald_Sea_-_Albert_Bierstadt.jpg/220px-Emerald_Sea_-_Albert_Bierstadt.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Emerald_Sea_-_Albert_Bierstadt.jpg/330px-Emerald_Sea_-_Albert_Bierstadt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Emerald_Sea_-_Albert_Bierstadt.jpg/440px-Emerald_Sea_-_Albert_Bierstadt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="466" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Emerald Sea</i> (or <i>The Shore of the Turquoise Sea</i>), 1878, Manoogian Collection, <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Albert_Bierstadt_-_Light_in_the_Forest.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Light in the Forest, unknown date"><img alt="Light in the Forest, unknown date" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Light_in_the_Forest.jpg/177px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Light_in_the_Forest.jpg" decoding="async" width="177" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Light_in_the_Forest.jpg/266px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Light_in_the_Forest.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Albert_Bierstadt_-_Light_in_the_Forest.jpg/355px-Albert_Bierstadt_-_Light_in_the_Forest.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3227" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Light in the Forest</i>, unknown date </div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy_and_honors">Legacy and honors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Bierstadt&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Legacy and honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bierstadt_Lake,_Rocky_Mountain_National_Park,_USA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Bierstadt_Lake%2C_Rocky_Mountain_National_Park%2C_USA.jpg/220px-Bierstadt_Lake%2C_Rocky_Mountain_National_Park%2C_USA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Bierstadt_Lake%2C_Rocky_Mountain_National_Park%2C_USA.jpg/330px-Bierstadt_Lake%2C_Rocky_Mountain_National_Park%2C_USA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Bierstadt_Lake%2C_Rocky_Mountain_National_Park%2C_USA.jpg/440px-Bierstadt_Lake%2C_Rocky_Mountain_National_Park%2C_USA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bierstadt_Lake" title="Bierstadt Lake">Bierstadt Lake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountain_National_Park" title="Rocky Mountain National Park">Rocky Mountain National Park</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Because of Bierstadt's interest in mountain landscapes, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Bierstadt" title="Mount Bierstadt">Mount Bierstadt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bierstadt_Lake" title="Bierstadt Lake">Bierstadt Lake</a> in <a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a> are named in his honor. Bierstadt was probably the first European to visit the summit of <a href="/wiki/Mount_Blue_Sky" title="Mount Blue Sky">Mount Blue Sky</a> in 1863, 1.5 miles from Mount Bierstadt.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bierstadt named it Mount Rosa, a reference to both <a href="/wiki/Monte_Rosa" title="Monte Rosa">Monte Rosa</a> above <a href="/wiki/Zermatt" title="Zermatt">Zermatt</a> and, Rosalie Ludlow, his future wife, but the name was changed from Rosalie to Evans in 1895 in honor of Colorado governor <a href="/wiki/John_Evans_(Colorado_governor)" title="John Evans (Colorado governor)">John Evans</a>, and again in 2023 to Blue Sky.</li> <li>In 1998, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Postal_Service" title="United States Postal Service">United States Postal Service</a> issued a set of 20 commemorative stamps entitled "Four Centuries of American Art", one of which featured Albert Bierstadt's <i>The Last of the Buffalo</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2008, the USPS issued a commemorative stamp in its "American Treasures" series featuring Bierstadt's 1864 painting <i>Valley of the Yosemite.</i><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bliss_Baker" title="William Bliss Baker">William Bliss Baker</a>, another landscape artist, studied under Bierstadt.</li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Bierstadt&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tfaoi.com/aa/3aa/3aa269a1.htm">"Picturing America's Natural Cathedrals"</a>. Tfaoi.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 20,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Picturing+America%27s+Natural+Cathedrals&rft.pub=Tfaoi.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tfaoi.com%2Faa%2F3aa%2F3aa269a1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ANB-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ANB_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ANB_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarratyCarnesSocieties1999" class="citation book cs1">Garraty, John Arthur; Carnes, Mark Christopher; Societies, American Council of Learned (March 29, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Z4URAQAAMAAJ"><i>American National Biography: Baker-Blatch</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780195127812" title="Special:BookSources/9780195127812"><bdi>9780195127812</bdi></a> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+National+Biography%3A+Baker-Blatch&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1999-03-29&rft.isbn=9780195127812&rft.aulast=Garraty&rft.aufirst=John+Arthur&rft.au=Carnes%2C+Mark+Christopher&rft.au=Societies%2C+American+Council+of+Learned&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZ4URAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-appletons-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-appletons_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-appletons_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-appletons_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilsonFiske1900" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_Grant_Wilson" title="James Grant Wilson">Wilson, J. G.</a>; <a href="/wiki/John_Fiske_(philosopher)" title="John Fiske (philosopher)">Fiske, J.</a>, eds. (1900). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Bierstadt, Albert"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Appletons%27_Cyclop%C3%A6dia_of_American_Biography/Bierstadt,_Albert">"Bierstadt, Albert" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Appletons%27_Cyclop%C3%A6dia_of_American_Biography" title="Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography">Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography</a></i>. New York: D. Appleton.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Bierstadt%2C+Albert&rft.btitle=Appletons%27+Cyclop%C3%A6dia+of+American+Biography&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=D.+Appleton&rft.date=1900&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nga-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nga_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nga_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.gov/content/ngaweb/Collection/artist-info.6707.html?artistId=6707&pageNumber=1">"Artist Info"</a>. <i>nga.gov</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nga.gov&rft.atitle=Artist+Info&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.gov%2Fcontent%2Fngaweb%2FCollection%2Fartist-info.6707.html%3FartistId%3D6707%26pageNumber%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nga.gov/collection/art-object-page.166428.html">Mount Corcoran</a> National Gallery of Art, retrieved September 14, 2018</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReynolds1921" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Reynolds, Francis J., ed. (1921). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Bierstadt, Albert"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Collier%27s_New_Encyclopedia_(1921)/Bierstadt,_Albert">"Bierstadt, Albert" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Collier%27s_Encyclopedia" title="Collier's Encyclopedia">Collier's New Encyclopedia</a></i>. New York: P. F. Collier & Son Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Bierstadt%2C+Albert&rft.btitle=Collier%27s+New+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=P.+F.+Collier+%26+Son+Company&rft.date=1921&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hassrick-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hassrick_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hassrick_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hassrick_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHassrick2018" class="citation journal cs1">Hassrick, Peter H. (Spring 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mhs.mt.gov/pubs/Publications/spring-2018">"Art, Agency, and Conservation: A Fresh Look at Albert Bierstadt's Vision of the West"</a>. <i>Montana The Magazine of Western History</i>. <b>68</b> (1).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Montana+The+Magazine+of+Western+History&rft.atitle=Art%2C+Agency%2C+and+Conservation%3A+A+Fresh+Look+at+Albert+Bierstadt%27s+Vision+of+the+West&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=Hassrick&rft.aufirst=Peter+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmhs.mt.gov%2Fpubs%2FPublications%2Fspring-2018&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-National_Gallery_of_Art-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-National_Gallery_of_Art_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-National_Gallery_of_Art_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-National_Gallery_of_Art_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-National_Gallery_of_Art_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-National_Gallery_of_Art_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-National_Gallery_of_Art_8-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-National_Gallery_of_Art_8-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-National_Gallery_of_Art_8-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nga.gov/collection/artist-info.6707.html">"Bierstadt, Albert"</a>, National Gallery of Art. Retrieved February 2, 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-harvey-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-harvey_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-harvey_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarvey2012" class="citation book cs1">Harvey, Eleanor Jones (2012). <i>The Civil War and American Art</i>. Smithsonian American Art Museum; Metropolitan Museum of Art. Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-18733-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-18733-5"><bdi>978-0-300-18733-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Civil+War+and+American+Art&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-300-18733-5&rft.aulast=Harvey&rft.aufirst=Eleanor+Jones&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/07.123">"Albert Bierstadt: The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak (07.123) – Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History – The Metropolitan Museum of Art"</a>. <i>metmuseum.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=metmuseum.org&rft.atitle=Albert+Bierstadt%3A+The+Rocky+Mountains%2C+Lander%27s+Peak+%2807.123%29+%E2%80%93+Heilbrunn+Timeline+of+Art+History+%E2%80%93+The+Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.metmuseum.org%2Ftoah%2Fworks-of-art%2F07.123&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-si-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-si_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-si_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanart.si.edu/collections/search/artwork/?id=2059">"Among the Sierra Nevada, California by Albert Bierstadt / Exhibition Label"</a>. <i>Smithsonian American Art Museum</i>. 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Smithsonian+American+Art+Museum&rft.atitle=Among+the+Sierra+Nevada%2C+California+by+Albert+Bierstadt+%2F+Exhibition+Label&rft.date=2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanart.si.edu%2Fcollections%2Fsearch%2Fartwork%2F%3Fid%3D2059&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barringer and Wilton, 250</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlenda_Moore2004" class="citation web cs1">Glenda Moore (September 9, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.xmission.com/~emailbox/glenda/bierstadt/bierstadt.html">"xmission.com"</a>. xmission.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 19,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=xmission.com&rft.pub=xmission.com&rft.date=2004-09-09&rft.au=Glenda+Moore&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.xmission.com%2F~emailbox%2Fglenda%2Fbierstadt%2Fbierstadt.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Bierstadt, Albert"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Bierstadt,_Albert">"Bierstadt, Albert" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Bierstadt%2C+Albert&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Howat, John K., editor. <i>American Paradise: The World of the Hudson River School,</i> 284. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1987. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780870994975" title="Special:BookSources/9780870994975">9780870994975</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrenson1991" class="citation news cs1">Brenson, Michael (February 8, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/02/08/arts/reviews-art-he-painted-the-west-that-america-wanted.html">"Reviews/Art; He Painted the West That America Wanted"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 1,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Reviews%2FArt%3B+He+Painted+the+West+That+America+Wanted&rft.date=1991-02-08&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Brenson&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F02%2F08%2Farts%2Freviews-art-he-painted-the-west-that-america-wanted.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090223215130/http://www.dia.org/the_collection/overview/viewobject.asp?objectid=34767">"Albert Bierstadt: The Wolf River, Kansas (61.28) — The Detroit Institute of Arts"</a>. Dia.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dia.org/the_collection/overview/viewobject.asp?objectid=34767">the original</a> on February 23, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Albert+Bierstadt%3A+The+Wolf+River%2C+Kansas+%2861.28%29+%E2%80%94+The+Detroit+Institute+of+Arts&rft.pub=Dia.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dia.org%2Fthe_collection%2Foverview%2Fviewobject.asp%3Fobjectid%3D34767&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120322093832/http://scma.smith.edu/artmuseum/layout/set/popup/content/view/full/276">"Echo Lake, Franconia Mountains, New Hampshire / North American / Art of the Americas / Highlights By Category / Collection Highlights / Collections / Smith College Museum of Art – Smith College Museum of Art"</a>. Scma.smith.edu. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scma.smith.edu/artmuseum/layout/set/popup/content/view/full/276">the original</a> on March 22, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Echo+Lake%2C+Franconia+Mountains%2C+New+Hampshire+%2F+North+American+%2F+Art+of+the+Americas+%2F+Highlights+By+Category+%2F+Collection+Highlights+%2F+Collections+%2F+Smith+College+Museum+of+Art+%E2%80%93+Smith+College+Museum+of+Art&rft.pub=Scma.smith.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscma.smith.edu%2Fartmuseum%2Flayout%2Fset%2Fpopup%2Fcontent%2Fview%2Ffull%2F276&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smith.edu/artmuseum/">"Home / Smith College Museum of Art – Smith College Museum of Art"</a>. Smith.edu<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Home+%2F+Smith+College+Museum+of+Art+%E2%80%93+Smith+College+Museum+of+Art&rft.pub=Smith.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.smith.edu%2Fartmuseum%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090221165354/http://www.timkenmuseum.org/1-american-bierstadtB.html">"Cho-looke, the Yosemite Fall, 1864"</a>. Timken Museum of Art. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timkenmuseum.org/1-american-bierstadtB.html">the original</a> on February 21, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cho-looke%2C+the+Yosemite+Fall%2C+1864&rft.pub=Timken+Museum+of+Art&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timkenmuseum.org%2F1-american-bierstadtB.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://user.xmission.com/~emailbox/glenda/bierstadt/b-valley_of_the_yosemite.jpg">"Valley of the Yosemite"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 31,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Valley+of+the+Yosemite&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuser.xmission.com%2F~emailbox%2Fglenda%2Fbierstadt%2Fb-valley_of_the_yosemite.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.artsbma.org/collection/looking-down-yosemite-valley-california/">"Looking Down Yosemite Valley, California | Birmingham Museum of Art"</a>. June 16, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 18,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Looking+Down+Yosemite+Valley%2C+California+%7C+Birmingham+Museum+of+Art&rft.date=2023-06-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.artsbma.org%2Fcollection%2Flooking-down-yosemite-valley-california%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.clevelandart.org/art/221.1922">"Yosemite Valley"</a>. October 31, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yosemite+Valley&rft.date=2018-10-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.clevelandart.org%2Fart%2F221.1922&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.harvardartmuseums.org/art/230235">"In the Sierras"</a>. Harvard Art Museums<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=In+the+Sierras&rft.pub=Harvard+Art+Museums&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.harvardartmuseums.org%2Fart%2F230235&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140601200952/http://americanart.si.edu/images/1977/1977.107.1_1a.jpg">"Among the Sierra Nevada, California"</a>. Smithsonian American Art Museum. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanart.si.edu/images/1977/1977.107.1_1a.jpg">the original</a> on June 1, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 31,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Among+the+Sierra+Nevada%2C+California&rft.pub=Smithsonian+American+Art+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanart.si.edu%2Fimages%2F1977%2F1977.107.1_1a.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170801045253/http://www1.seattleartmuseum.org/eMuseum/code/emuseum.asp?style=browse&currentrecord=1&page=search&profile=objects&searchdesc=Number%20is%202000.70&searchstring=Number%2F%2C%2Fis%2F%2C%2F2000.70%2F%2C%2F0%2F%2C%2F0&newvalues=1&newstyle=single&newcurrentrecord=1">"Puget Sound on the Pacific Coast"</a>. Seattle Art Museum. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www1.seattleartmuseum.org/eMuseum/code/emuseum.asp?style=browse&currentrecord=1&page=search&profile=objects&searchdesc=Number%20is%202000.70&searchstring=Number/,/is/,/2000.70/,/0/,/0&newvalues=1&newstyle=single&newcurrentrecord=1">the original</a> on August 1, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 31,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Puget+Sound+on+the+Pacific+Coast&rft.pub=Seattle+Art+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww1.seattleartmuseum.org%2FeMuseum%2Fcode%2Femuseum.asp%3Fstyle%3Dbrowse%26currentrecord%3D1%26page%3Dsearch%26profile%3Dobjects%26searchdesc%3DNumber%2520is%25202000.70%26searchstring%3DNumber%2F%2C%2Fis%2F%2C%2F2000.70%2F%2C%2F0%2F%2C%2F0%26newvalues%3D1%26newstyle%3Dsingle%26newcurrentrecord%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130927010851/http://stjathenaeum.org/gallery_images/domes_of_yosemite.htm">"St. Johnsbury Athenaeum>>This Week from the Gallery Archives"</a>. Stjathenaeum.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stjathenaeum.org/gallery_images/domes_of_yosemite.htm">the original</a> on September 27, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=St.+Johnsbury+Athenaeum%3E%3EThis+Week+from+the+Gallery+Archives&rft.pub=Stjathenaeum.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stjathenaeum.org%2Fgallery_images%2Fdomes_of_yosemite.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518083528/http://collection.corcoran.org/collection/work/mount-corcoran?apcat=1">"Mount Corcoran | Corcoran"</a>. Collection.corcoran.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://collection.corcoran.org/collection/work/mount-corcoran?apcat=1">the original</a> on May 18, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mount+Corcoran+%26%23124%3B+Corcoran&rft.pub=Collection.corcoran.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcollection.corcoran.org%2Fcollection%2Fwork%2Fmount-corcoran%3Fapcat%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518091338/http://collection.corcoran.org/collection/work/last-buffalo?apcat=1">"The Last of the Buffalo | Corcoran"</a>. Collection.corcoran.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://collection.corcoran.org/collection/work/last-buffalo?apcat=1">the original</a> on May 18, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Last+of+the+Buffalo+%26%23124%3B+Corcoran&rft.pub=Collection.corcoran.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcollection.corcoran.org%2Fcollection%2Fwork%2Flast-buffalo%3Fapcat%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140502013555/http://americanart.si.edu/images/1967/1967.136.7_1a.jpg">"Alaskan Coast Range"</a>. Smithsonian American Art Museum. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanart.si.edu/images/1967/1967.136.7_1a.jpg">the original</a> on May 2, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 31,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alaskan+Coast+Range&rft.pub=Smithsonian+American+Art+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanart.si.edu%2Fimages%2F1967%2F1967.136.7_1a.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.valleyfineart.com/artists-art/?at=AlbertBierstadt">"Valley Fine Art"</a>. Valley Fine Art Gallery<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 2,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Valley+Fine+Art&rft.pub=Valley+Fine+Art+Gallery&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.valleyfineart.com%2Fartists-art%2F%3Fat%3DAlbertBierstadt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">William Newton Byers, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/magazineofwester1118clev/page/n263/mode/2up">Bierstadt's Visit to Colorado: Sketching for the famous painting, "<i>Storm in the Rocky Mountains</i>"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magazine_of_Western_History" title="Magazine of Western History">Magazine of Western History</a>, Vol. 11, No. 3, Jan. 1890; page 237-240.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.artonstamps.org/Countries/USA/USArt-400.htm">"ArtOnStamps.org"</a>. ArtOnStamps.org. July 9, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 20,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ArtOnStamps.org&rft.pub=ArtOnStamps.org&rft.date=2010-07-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.artonstamps.org%2FCountries%2FUSA%2FUSArt-400.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://shop.usps.com/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/ProductDisplay?catalogId=10152&storeId=10001&categoryId=21902&productId=39451&langId=-1">"The Postal Store @ USPS.com"</a>. Shop.usps.com. March 28, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 20,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Postal+Store+%40+USPS.com&rft.pub=Shop.usps.com&rft.date=2011-03-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fshop.usps.com%2Fwebapp%2Fwcs%2Fstores%2Fservlet%2FProductDisplay%3FcatalogId%3D10152%26storeId%3D10001%26categoryId%3D21902%26productId%3D39451%26langId%3D-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Bierstadt&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Anderson, Nancy K. et al. <i>Albert Bierstadt, Art & Enterprise</i>, New York: Hudson Hills Press, 1990.</li> <li>Barringer, Tim and Wilton, Andrew. <i>American Sublime: Landscape Painting in the United States 1820–1880</i>, Princeton University Press, 2002. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-691-09670-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-691-09670-8">0-691-09670-8</a>.</li> <li>Hendricks, Gordon. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/albertbierstadtp00hend"><i>Albert Bierstadt, Painter of the American West</i></a>, New York: Harrison House/<a href="/wiki/Harry_N._Abrams,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Harry N. Abrams, Inc.">Harry N. Abrams, Inc.</a>, 1988.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americanparadise0000unse"><i>American Paradise: The World of the Hudson River School</i></a></span>. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 1987. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780870994968" title="Special:BookSources/9780870994968"><bdi>9780870994968</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Paradise%3A+The+World+of+the+Hudson+River+School&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=The+Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=9780870994968&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Famericanparadise0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbert+Bierstadt" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Miller, Angela. "Albert Bierstadt, Landscape Aesthetics, and the Meanings of the West in the Civil War Era". <i>Art Institute of Chicago Museum Studies</i> 27, no. 1 (Terrain of Freedom: American Art and the Civil War) (2001): 40–59 and 101–102. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F4102838">10.2307/4102838</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4102838">4102838</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Bierstadt&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Albert_Bierstadt" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Albert Bierstadt">Albert Bierstadt</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Bierstadt%2C%20Albert%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Albert%20Bierstadt%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Bierstadt%2C%20Albert%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Albert%20Bierstadt%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Bierstadt%2C%20A%2E%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Albert%20Bierstadt%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Bierstadt%2C%20Albert%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Albert%20Bierstadt%22%29%20OR%20%28%221830-1902%22%20AND%20Bierstadt%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">Works by or about Albert Bierstadt</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.albertbierstadt.org/">Albert Bierstadt</a> (albertbierstadt.org)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fineartamerica.com/art/paintings/albert+bierstadt">Albert Bierstadt Paintings</a> at fineartamerica.com</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whitemountainart.com/about-3/artists/albert-bierstadt-gallery/">White Mountain paintings by Albert Bierstadt</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/albert-bierstadt-letter-collection-5939">A finding aid to the Albert Bierstadt letter collection, 1880–1893 in the Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061006110723/http://mynptv.org/artsFeat/monamoments/mona42bierstadt.html">"Against His Grain: Albert Bierstadt's 'Clouds Over the Prairie<span style="padding-right:.15em;">'</span>"</a> MONA Moment, Museum of Nebraska Art</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.museumsyndicate.com/artist.php?artist=102">Gallery of Bierstadt's Paintings</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210126115812/http://www.museumsyndicate.com/artist.php?artist=102">Archived</a> January 26, 2021, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://findingaid.winterthur.org/html/HTML_Finding_Aids/COL0276.htm">The Winterthur Library</a>—Overview of an archival collection on Albert Bierstadt.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.albertbierstadt.org">Albert Bierstadt Paintings Gallery</a>—345 images online</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080509181735/http://www.rwnaf.org/albert_bierstadt.html">Albert Bierstadt's Biography</a> at The R.W. Norton Art Gallery</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.berkshireeagle.com/stories/giant-redwood-trees-will-fall-at-berkshire-museum-despite-interpretive-value,543640"><span style="padding-right:.15em;">"</span>'Giant Redwood Trees' will fall at Berkshire Museum despite interpretive value"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Berkshire_Eagle" title="The Berkshire Eagle">The Berkshire Eagle</a></i>, June 30, 2018</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wikiart.org/en/albert-bierstadt">Albert Bierstadt</a>, <a href="/wiki/WikiArt" title="WikiArt">WikiArt</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/3014">Albert Bierstadt</a> at <a href="/wiki/Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find a Grave</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Albert_Bierstadt36" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Albert_Bierstadt" title="Template:Albert Bierstadt"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Albert_Bierstadt" title="Template talk:Albert Bierstadt"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Albert_Bierstadt" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Albert Bierstadt"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Albert_Bierstadt36" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Albert Bierstadt</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Paintings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_works_by_Albert_Bierstadt" title="List of works by Albert Bierstadt">List of works</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Platte_River,_Nebraska" title="On the Platte River, Nebraska">On the Platte River, Nebraska</a></i> (1863)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rocky_Mountains,_Lander%27s_Peak" title="The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak">The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak</a></i> (1863)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cho-looke,_the_Yosemite_Fall" title="Cho-looke, the Yosemite Fall">Cho-looke, the Yosemite Fall</a></i> (1864)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Valley_of_the_Yosemite" title="Valley of the Yosemite">Valley of the Yosemite</a></i> (1864)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Looking_Down_Yosemite_Valley,_California" title="Looking Down Yosemite Valley, California">Looking Down Yosemite Valley, California</a></i> (1865)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rocky_Mountains_(painting)" title="The Rocky Mountains (painting)">The Rocky Mountains</a></i> (1866)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Storm_in_the_Rocky_Mountains,_Mt._Rosalie" title="A Storm in the Rocky Mountains, Mt. Rosalie">A Storm in the Rocky Mountains, Mt. Rosalie</a></i> (1866)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Among_the_Sierra_Nevada,_California" title="Among the Sierra Nevada, California">Among the Sierra Nevada, California</a></i> (1868)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mount_Hood_(painting)" title="Mount Hood (painting)">Mount Hood</a></i> (1869)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Puget_Sound_on_the_Pacific_Coast" title="Puget Sound on the Pacific Coast">Puget Sound on the Pacific Coast</a></i> (1870)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Indians_in_Council,_California" title="Indians in Council, California">Indians in Council, California</a></i> (1872)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/California_Spring_(painting)" title="California Spring (painting)">California Spring</a></i> (1875)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sunrise_on_the_Matterhorn_(Albert_Bierstadt)" title="Sunrise on the Matterhorn (Albert Bierstadt)">Sunrise on the Matterhorn</a></i> (after 1875)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Falls_of_St._Anthony" title="The Falls of St. Anthony">The Falls of St. Anthony</a></i> (1880)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alaskan_Coast_Range_(painting)" title="Alaskan Coast Range (painting)">Alaskan Coast Range</a></i> (1889)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Bierstadt" title="Edward Bierstadt">Edward Bierstadt (brother)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_River_School" title="Hudson River School">Hudson River School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luminism_(American_art_style)" title="Luminism (American art style)">Luminism (American art style)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Bierstadt" title="Mount Bierstadt">Mount Bierstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bierstadt_Lake" title="Bierstadt Lake">Bierstadt Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hudson_River_School100" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:lightsteelblue"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hudson_River_School" title="Template:Hudson River School"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hudson_River_School" title="Template talk:Hudson River School"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hudson_River_School" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hudson River School"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hudson_River_School100" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hudson_River_School" title="Hudson River School">Hudson River School</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Age of Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">Romanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victorian_era" title="Victorian era">Victorianism</a> / <a href="/wiki/Realism_(arts)" title="Realism (arts)">Realism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hudson_River_School_artists" title="List of Hudson River School artists">Artists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Baker_(artist)" title="Charles Baker (artist)">Charles Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bliss_Baker" title="William Bliss Baker">William Bliss Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dodgson_Barrow" title="John Dodgson Barrow">John Dodgson Barrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susie_M._Barstow" title="Susie M. Barstow">Susie M. Barstow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_Hart_Beers" title="Julie Hart Beers">Julie Hart Beers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Fitch_Bellows" title="Albert Fitch Bellows">Albert Fitch Bellows</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Albert Bierstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Renwick_Brevoort" title="James Renwick Brevoort">James Renwick Brevoort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Thompson_Bricher" title="Alfred Thompson Bricher">Alfred Thompson Bricher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Mason_Brown" title="William Mason Brown">William Mason Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Hermann_Carmiencke" title="Johann Hermann Carmiencke">Johann Hermann Carmiencke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_William_Casilear" title="John William Casilear">John William Casilear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederic_Edwin_Church" title="Frederic Edwin Church">Frederic Edwin Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cole" title="Thomas Cole">Thomas Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Colman" title="Samuel Colman">Samuel Colman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasper_Francis_Cropsey" title="Jasper Francis Cropsey">Jasper Francis Cropsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Moore_Davis" title="William Moore Davis">William Moore Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockwood_de_Forest" title="Lockwood de Forest">Lockwood de Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Doughty_(artist)" title="Thomas Doughty (artist)">Thomas Doughty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_S._Duncanson" title="Robert S. Duncanson">Robert S. Duncanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asher_Brown_Durand" title="Asher Brown Durand">Asher Brown Durand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Fuechsel" title="Hermann Fuechsel">Hermann Fuechsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanford_Robinson_Gifford" title="Sanford Robinson Gifford">Sanford Robinson Gifford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gis_Fran%C3%A7ois_Gignoux" title="Régis François Gignoux">Régis François Gignoux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliza_Pratt_Greatorex" title="Eliza Pratt Greatorex">Eliza Pratt Greatorex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Charles_Grose" title="Daniel Charles Grose">Daniel Charles Grose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_McDougal_Hart" title="James McDougal Hart">James McDougal Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hart_(painter)" title="William Hart (painter)">William Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Stanley_Haseltine" title="William Stanley Haseltine">William Stanley Haseltine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Johnson_Heade" title="Martin Johnson Heade">Martin Johnson Heade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Ottomar_Herzog" title="Hermann Ottomar Herzog">Hermann Ottomar Herzog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hill_(painter)" title="Thomas Hill (painter)">Thomas Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ransome_Gillett_Holdridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Ransome Gillett Holdridge">Ransome Gillett Holdridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Inness" title="George Inness">George Inness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Johnson_(American_artist)" title="David Johnson (American artist)">David Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Frederick_Kensett" title="John Frederick Kensett">John Frederick Kensett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_G._L._Leonori" title="Robert G. L. Leonori">Robert G. L. Leonori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Darch_Lewis" title="Edmund Darch Lewis">Edmund Darch Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer_Dodge_Martin" title="Homer Dodge Martin">Homer Dodge Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_McCord" class="mw-redirect" title="George McCord">George McCord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jervis_McEntee" title="Jervis McEntee">Jervis McEntee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Blood_Mellen" title="Mary Blood Mellen">Mary Blood Mellen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_R%C3%A9my_Mignot" title="Louis Rémy Mignot">Louis Rémy Mignot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Herbert_Moore" title="Charles Herbert Moore">Charles Herbert Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Moran" title="Thomas Moran">Thomas Moran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evelina_Mount" title="Evelina Mount">Evelina Mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Sidney_Mount" title="William Sidney Mount">William Sidney Mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Cany_Peale" title="Harriet Cany Peale">Harriet Cany Peale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Trost_Richards" title="William Trost Richards">William Trost Richards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Richardt" title="Ferdinand Richardt">Ferdinand Richardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Prichard_Rossiter" title="Thomas Prichard Rossiter">Thomas Prichard Rossiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Augustus_Silva" title="Francis Augustus Silva">Francis Augustus Silva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Louis_Sonntag_Sr." class="mw-redirect" title="William Louis Sonntag Sr.">William Louis Sonntag Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Augustus_Suydam" title="James Augustus Suydam">James Augustus Suydam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Talbot" title="Jesse Talbot">Jesse Talbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Guy_Wall" title="William Guy Wall">William Guy Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Josephine_Walters" title="Mary Josephine Walters">Mary Josephine Walters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Weber_(artist)" title="Paul Weber (artist)">Paul Weber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Walter_Weir" title="Robert Walter Weir">Robert Walter Weir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worthington_Whittredge" title="Worthington Whittredge">Worthington Whittredge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Helwig_Wyant" title="Alexander Helwig Wyant">Alexander Helwig Wyant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art#American_paintings_and_sculpture" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadsworth_Atheneum" title="Wadsworth Atheneum">Wadsworth Atheneum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Gallery_of_Art" title="National Gallery of Art">National Gallery of Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Historical" title="New York Historical">New York Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooper_Hewitt,_Smithsonian_Design_Museum" title="Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum">Cooper Hewitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newington-Cropsey_Foundation" title="Newington-Cropsey Foundation">Newington-Cropsey Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuscaloosa_Museum_of_Art" title="Tuscaloosa Museum of Art">Tuscaloosa Museum of Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Museum" title="Brooklyn Museum">Brooklyn Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catskill_Mountain_House" title="Catskill Mountain House">Catskill Mountain House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crawford_Notch" title="Crawford Notch">Crawford Notch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croton_Point_Park" title="Croton Point Park">Croton Point Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ever_Rest" title="Ever Rest">Ever Rest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaaterskill_Clove" title="Kaaterskill Clove">Kaaterskill Clove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaaterskill_Falls" title="Kaaterskill Falls">Kaaterskill Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaaterskill_High_Peak" title="Kaaterskill High Peak">Kaaterskill High Peak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Mohonk" title="Lake Mohonk">Lake Mohonk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North%E2%80%93South_Lake" title="North–South Lake">North–South Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olana_State_Historic_Site" title="Olana State Historic Site">Olana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platte_Clove" title="Platte Clove">Platte Clove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rip_Van_Winkle_Bridge" title="Rip Van Winkle Bridge">Rip Van Winkle Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storm_King_Mountain_(New_York)" title="Storm King Mountain (New York)">Storm King Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cole_National_Historic_Site" title="Thomas Cole National Historic Site">Thomas Cole National Historic Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_Mansion_National_Historic_Site" title="Vanderbilt Mansion National Historic Site">Hyde Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Among_the_Sierra_Nevada,_California" title="Among the Sierra Nevada, California">Among the Sierra Nevada</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Catskills_(painting)" title="The Catskills (painting)">The Catskills</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Course_of_Empire_(paintings)" title="The Course of Empire (paintings)">The Course of Empire</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Heart_of_the_Andes" title="The Heart of the Andes">The Heart of the Andes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Icebergs" title="The Icebergs">The Icebergs</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kindred_Spirits_(painting)" title="Kindred Spirits (painting)">Kindred Spirits</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Niagara_(Frederic_Edwin_Church)" title="Niagara (Frederic Edwin Church)">Niagara</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Oxbow" title="The Oxbow">The Oxbow</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rocky_Mountains,_Lander%27s_Peak" title="The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak">The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Storm_in_the_Rocky_Mountains,_Mt._Rosalie" title="A Storm in the Rocky Mountains, Mt. Rosalie">A Storm in the Rocky Mountains, Mt. Rosalie</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Twilight_in_the_Wilderness" title="Twilight in the Wilderness">Twilight in the Wilderness</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Romanticism556" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Romanticism" title="Template:Romanticism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Romanticism" title="Template talk:Romanticism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Romanticism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Romanticism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Romanticism556" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">Romanticism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Countries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Danish_Golden_Age" title="Danish Golden Age">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_literature_in_English" title="Romantic literature in English">England (literature)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_France" title="Romanticism in France">France</a> <a href="/wiki/19th-century_French_literature#Romanticism" title="19th-century French literature">(literature)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Romanticism" title="German Romanticism">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taish%C5%8D_Roman" title="Taishō Roman">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_romantic_nationalism" title="Norwegian romantic nationalism">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_Poland" title="Romanticism in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Russian_Poetry" title="Golden Age of Russian Poetry">Russia (literature)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_Scotland" title="Romanticism in Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_Spanish_literature" title="Romanticism in Spanish literature">Spain (literature)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Romantic_literature" title="Swedish Romantic literature">Sweden (literature)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancients_(art_group)" title="Ancients (art group)">Ancients</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohemianism" title="Bohemianism">Bohemianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coppet_group" title="Coppet group">Coppet group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter-Enlightenment" title="Counter-Enlightenment">Counter-Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Romanticism" title="Dark Romanticism">Dark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCsseldorf_School_of_painting" title="Düsseldorf School of painting">Düsseldorf School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_historical_school" title="German historical school">German historical school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="Gothic Revival architecture">Gothic revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_River_School" title="Hudson River School">Hudson River School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianism_(arts)" title="Indianism (arts)">Indianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jena_Romanticism" title="Jena Romanticism">Jena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Poets" title="Lake Poets">Lake Poets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_nationalism" title="Romantic nationalism">Nationalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazarene_movement" title="Nazarene movement">Nazarene movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-romanticism" title="Neo-romanticism">Neo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preromanticism" class="mw-redirect" title="Preromanticism">Pre</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sturm_und_Drang" title="Sturm und Drang">Sturm und Drang</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-romanticism" title="Post-romanticism">Post</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Purismo" title="Purismo">Purismo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transcendentalism" title="Transcendentalism">Transcendentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_school" title="Ukrainian school">Ukrainian school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra-Romanticism" title="Ultra-Romanticism">Ultra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Wallenrod" title="Konrad Wallenrod">Wallenrodism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Themes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_flower" title="Blue flower">Blue flower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Marine_Art_(Romantic_Era)" title="British Marine Art (Romantic Era)">British Marine</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gesamtkunstwerk" title="Gesamtkunstwerk">Gesamtkunstwerk</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_fiction" title="Gothic fiction">Gothic fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hero" title="Hero">Hero</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Byronic_hero" title="Byronic hero">Byronic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_hero" title="Romantic hero">Romantic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_fiction" title="Historical fiction">Historical fiction</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mal_du_si%C3%A8cle" title="Mal du siècle">Mal du siècle</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medievalism" title="Medievalism">Medievalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noble_savage" title="Noble savage">Noble savage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nostalgia#Romanticism" title="Nostalgia">Nostalgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossian" title="Ossian">Ossian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantheism" title="Pantheism">Pantheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhine_romanticism" title="Rhine romanticism">Rhine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genius_(literature)#Romanticism_and_genius" title="Genius (literature)">Romantic genius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanderlust" title="Wanderlust">Wanderlust</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Weltschmerz" title="Weltschmerz">Weltschmerz</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Mountain_art" title="White Mountain art">White Mountain art</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Romanticism#Literature" title="Romanticism">Writers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Brazil</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casimiro_de_Abreu" title="Casimiro de Abreu">Abreu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Alencar" title="José de Alencar">Alencar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Ant%C3%B4nio_de_Almeida" title="Manuel Antônio de Almeida">Manuel Antônio de Almeida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castro_Alves" title="Castro Alves">Alves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machado_de_Assis" title="Machado de Assis">Assis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvares_de_Azevedo" title="Álvares de Azevedo">Azevedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobias_Barreto" title="Tobias Barreto">Barreto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gon%C3%A7alves_Dias" title="Gonçalves Dias">Dias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Guimar%C3%A3es" title="Bernardo Guimarães">Guimarães</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joaquim_Manuel_de_Macedo" title="Joaquim Manuel de Macedo">Macedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gon%C3%A7alves_de_Magalh%C3%A3es,_Viscount_of_Araguaia" title="Gonçalves de Magalhães, Viscount of Araguaia">Magalhães</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Firmina_dos_Reis" title="Maria Firmina dos Reis">Reis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfredo_d%27Escragnolle_Taunay,_Viscount_of_Taunay" title="Alfredo d'Escragnolle Taunay, Viscount of Taunay">Taunay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fagundes_Varela" title="Fagundes Varela">Varela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_France#Literature" title="Romanticism in France">France</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Baudelaire" title="Charles Baudelaire">Baudelaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aloysius_Bertrand" title="Aloysius Bertrand">Bertrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Ren%C3%A9_de_Chateaubriand" title="François-René de Chateaubriand">Chateaubriand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Dumas" title="Alexandre Dumas">Dumas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9ophile_Gautier" title="Théophile Gautier">Gautier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Hugo" title="Victor Hugo">Hugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonse_de_Lamartine" title="Alphonse de Lamartine">Lamartine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosper_M%C3%A9rim%C3%A9e" title="Prosper Mérimée">Mérimée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_de_Musset" title="Alfred de Musset">Musset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_de_Nerval" title="Gérard de Nerval">Nerval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Nodier" title="Charles Nodier">Nodier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Germaine de Staël">Staël</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_de_Vigny" title="Alfred de Vigny">Vigny</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Germany</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achim_von_Arnim" title="Achim von Arnim">A. v. Arnim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettina_von_Arnim" title="Bettina von Arnim">B. v. Arnim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Beer_(poet)" title="Michael Beer (poet)">Beer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clemens_Brentano" title="Clemens Brentano">Brentano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Freiherr_von_Eichendorff" title="Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff">Eichendorff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_de_la_Motte_Fouqu%C3%A9" title="Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué">Fouqué</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe" title="Johann Wolfgang von Goethe">Goethe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brothers_Grimm" title="Brothers Grimm">Brothers Grimm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karoline_von_G%C3%BCnderrode" title="Karoline von Günderrode">Günderrode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Gutzkow" title="Karl Gutzkow">Gutzkow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Hauff" title="Wilhelm Hauff">Hauff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Heine" title="Heinrich Heine">Heine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._T._A._Hoffmann" title="E. T. A. Hoffmann">Hoffmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_H%C3%B6lderlin" title="Friedrich Hölderlin">Hölderlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Paul" title="Jean Paul">Jean Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_von_Kleist" title="Heinrich von Kleist">Kleist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_M%C3%B6rike" title="Eduard Mörike">Mörike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novalis" title="Novalis">Novalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Schwab" title="Gustav Schwab">Schwab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Tieck" title="Ludwig Tieck">Tieck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Uhland" title="Ludwig Uhland">Uhland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Romantic_literature_in_English" title="Romantic literature in English">Great<br />Britain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Laetitia_Barbauld" title="Anna Laetitia Barbauld">Barbauld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Blake" title="William Blake">Blake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Bront%C3%AB" title="Anne Brontë">Anne Brontë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Bront%C3%AB" title="Charlotte Brontë">C. Brontë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Bront%C3%AB" title="Emily Brontë">E. Brontë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Burns" title="Robert Burns">Burns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Byron" title="Lord Byron">Byron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Carlyle" title="Thomas Carlyle">Carlyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Clare" title="John Clare">Clare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridge" title="Samuel Taylor Coleridge">Coleridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_De_Quincey" title="Thomas De Quincey">de Quincey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Edgeworth" title="Maria Edgeworth">Maria Edgeworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Keats" title="John Keats">Keats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Maturin" title="Charles Maturin">Maturin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_William_Polidori" title="John William Polidori">Polidori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Radcliffe" title="Ann Radcliffe">Radcliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Robinson_(poet)" title="Mary Robinson (poet)">Mary Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Scott" title="Walter Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Seward" title="Anna Seward">Seward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Shelley" title="Mary Shelley">M. Shelley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percy_Bysshe_Shelley" title="Percy Bysshe Shelley">P. B. Shelley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Southey" title="Robert Southey">Southey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wordsworth" title="William Wordsworth">Wordsworth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_Poland#Notable_Polish_Romantic_writers_and_poets" title="Romanticism in Poland">Poland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aleksander_Fredro" title="Aleksander Fredro">Fredro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zygmunt_Krasi%C5%84ski" title="Zygmunt Krasiński">Krasiński</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zef_Ignacy_Kraszewski" title="Józef Ignacy Kraszewski">Józef Ignacy Kraszewski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoni_Malczewski" title="Antoni Malczewski">Malczewski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Mickiewicz" title="Adam Mickiewicz">Mickiewicz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprian_Norwid" title="Cyprian Norwid">Norwid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Potocki" title="Jan Potocki">Potocki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wincenty_Pol" title="Wincenty Pol">Wincenty Pol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juliusz_S%C5%82owacki" title="Juliusz Słowacki">Słowacki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Portugal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camilo_Castelo_Branco" title="Camilo Castelo Branco">Castelo Branco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Feliciano_de_Castilho" title="António Feliciano de Castilho">Castilho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_de_Deus_de_Nogueira_Ramos" title="João de Deus de Nogueira Ramos">João de Deus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BAlio_Dinis" title="Júlio Dinis">Dinis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almeida_Garrett" title="Almeida Garrett">Garrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Herculano" title="Alexandre Herculano">Herculano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Augusto_Soares_de_Passos" title="António Augusto Soares de Passos">Soares dos Passos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yevgeny_Baratynsky" title="Yevgeny Baratynsky">Baratynsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Batyushkov" title="Konstantin Batyushkov">Batyushkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Gogol" title="Nikolai Gogol">Gogol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Karamzin" title="Nikolay Karamzin">Karamzin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_K%C3%BCchelbecker" title="Wilhelm Küchelbecker">Küchelbecker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Lermontov" title="Mikhail Lermontov">Lermontov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Pushkin" title="Alexander Pushkin">Pushkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Tyutchev" title="Fyodor Tyutchev">Tyutchev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Vyazemsky" title="Pyotr Vyazemsky">Vyazemsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasily_Zhukovsky" title="Vasily Zhukovsky">Zhukovsky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Serbia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%90ura_Jak%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Đura Jakšić">Jakšić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laza_Kosti%C4%87" title="Laza Kostić">Kostić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petar_II_Petrovi%C4%87-Njego%C5%A1" title="Petar II Petrović-Njegoš">Njegoš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Branko_Radi%C4%8Devi%C4%87" title="Branko Radičević">Radičević</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milica_Stojadinovi%C4%87-Srpkinja" title="Milica Stojadinović-Srpkinja">Stojadinović-Srpkinja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jovan_Jovanovi%C4%87_Zmaj" title="Jovan Jovanović Zmaj">Zmaj</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Adolfo_B%C3%A9cquer" title="Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer">Bécquer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosal%C3%ADa_de_Castro" title="Rosalía de Castro">Rosalía de Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Espronceda" title="José de Espronceda">Espronceda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Garc%C3%ADa_Guti%C3%A9rrez" title="Antonio García Gutiérrez">Gutiérrez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81ngel_de_Saavedra,_3rd_Duke_of_Rivas" title="Ángel de Saavedra, 3rd Duke of Rivas">Saavedra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Zorrilla" title="José Zorrilla">Zorrilla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">U.S.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Cullen_Bryant" title="William Cullen Bryant">Bryant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Fenimore_Cooper" title="James Fenimore Cooper">Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Waldo_Emerson" title="Ralph Waldo Emerson">Emerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Hawthorne" title="Nathaniel Hawthorne">Hawthorne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Gilbert_Holland" title="Josiah Gilbert Holland">Josiah Gilbert Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Irving" title="Washington Irving">Irving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Wadsworth_Longfellow" title="Henry Wadsworth Longfellow">Longfellow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Russell_Lowell" title="James Russell Lowell">Lowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Allan_Poe" title="Edgar Allan Poe">Poe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khachatur_Abovian" title="Khachatur Abovian">Abovian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vittorio_Alfieri" title="Vittorio Alfieri">Alfieri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Christian_Andersen" title="Hans Christian Andersen">Andersen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikoloz_Baratashvili" title="Nikoloz Baratashvili">Baratashvili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hristo_Botev" title="Hristo Botev">Botev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Chavchavadze" title="Alexander Chavchavadze">Chavchavadze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihai_Eminescu" title="Mihai Eminescu">Eminescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugo_Foscolo" title="Ugo Foscolo">Foscolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naim_Frash%C3%ABri" title="Naim Frashëri">Frashëri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_Gustaf_Geijer" title="Erik Gustaf Geijer">Geijer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._F._S._Grundtvig" title="N. F. S. Grundtvig">Grundtvig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Heliade_R%C4%83dulescu" title="Ion Heliade Rădulescu">Heliade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Isaacs" title="Jorge Isaacs">Isaacs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaus_Lenau" title="Nikolaus Lenau">Lenau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Leopardi" title="Giacomo Leopardi">Leopardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karel_Hynek_M%C3%A1cha" title="Karel Hynek Mácha">Mácha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Manzoni" title="Alessandro Manzoni">Manzoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Maturin" title="Charles Maturin">Maturin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Oehlenschl%C3%A4ger" title="Adam Oehlenschläger">Oehlenschläger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grigol_Orbeliani" title="Grigol Orbeliani">Orbeliani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France_Pre%C5%A1eren" title="France Prešeren">Prešeren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raffi_(novelist)" title="Raffi (novelist)">Raffi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johan_Ludvig_Runeberg" title="Johan Ludvig Runeberg">Runeberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taras_Shevchenko" title="Taras Shevchenko">Shevchenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zachris_Topelius" title="Zachris Topelius">Topelius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mih%C3%A1ly_V%C3%B6r%C3%B6smarty" title="Mihály Vörösmarty">Vörösmarty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrik_Wergeland" title="Henrik Wergeland">Wergeland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Romantic_music" title="Romantic music">Musicians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Austria</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Bruckner" title="Anton Bruckner">Bruckner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Czerny" title="Carl Czerny">Czerny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Nepomuk_Hummel" title="Johann Nepomuk Hummel">Hummel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Mahler" title="Gustav Mahler">Mahler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Schubert" title="Franz Schubert">Schubert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigismond_Thalberg" title="Sigismond Thalberg">Thalberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Wolf" title="Hugo Wolf">Wolf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Czechia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák">Dvořák</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignaz_Moscheles" title="Ignaz Moscheles">Moscheles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Reicha" title="Anton Reicha">Reicha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bed%C5%99ich_Smetana" title="Bedřich Smetana">Smetana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_V%C3%A1clav_Vo%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%A1ek" title="Jan Václav Voříšek">Voříšek</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">France</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adolphe_Adam" title="Adolphe Adam">Adam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles-Valentin_Alkan" title="Charles-Valentin Alkan">Alkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Auber" title="Daniel Auber">Auber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hector_Berlioz" title="Hector Berlioz">Berlioz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Faur%C3%A9" title="Gabriel Fauré">Fauré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fromental_Hal%C3%A9vy" title="Fromental Halévy">Halévy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_M%C3%A9hul" title="Étienne Méhul">Méhul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Onslow_(composer)" title="George Onslow (composer)">Onslow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camille_Saint-Sa%C3%ABns" title="Camille Saint-Saëns">Saint-Saëns</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Germany</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven">Beethoven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Brahms" title="Johannes Brahms">Brahms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Bruch" title="Max Bruch">Bruch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Kalkbrenner" title="Friedrich Kalkbrenner">Kalkbrenner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Loewe" title="Carl Loewe">Loewe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Marschner" title="Heinrich Marschner">Marschner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanny_Mendelssohn" title="Fanny Mendelssohn">Fanny Mendelssohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Mendelssohn" title="Felix Mendelssohn">Felix Mendelssohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Meyerbeer" title="Giacomo Meyerbeer">Meyerbeer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moritz_Moszkowski" title="Moritz Moszkowski">Moszkowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clara_Schumann" title="Clara Schumann">C. Schumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Schumann" title="Robert Schumann">R. Schumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Spohr" title="Louis Spohr">Spohr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Strauss" title="Richard Strauss">Strauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Wagner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Maria_von_Weber" title="Carl Maria von Weber">Weber</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hungary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ferenc_Erkel" title="Ferenc Erkel">Erkel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Goldmark" title="Karl Goldmark">Goldmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Heller" title="Stephen Heller">Heller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jen%C5%91_Hubay" title="Jenő Hubay">Hubay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Joachim" title="Joseph Joachim">Joachim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Liszt" title="Franz Liszt">Liszt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Italy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Bellini" title="Vincenzo Bellini">Bellini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferruccio_Busoni" title="Ferruccio Busoni">Busoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Cherubini" title="Luigi Cherubini">Cherubini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Donizetti" title="Gaetano Donizetti">Donizetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Paganini" title="Niccolò Paganini">Paganini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gioachino_Rossini" title="Gioachino Rossini">Rossini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaspare_Spontini" title="Gaspare Spontini">Spontini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Verdi" title="Giuseppe Verdi">Verdi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Poland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Bortkiewicz" title="Sergei Bortkiewicz">Bortkiewicz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Chopin" title="Frédéric Chopin">Chopin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karol_Lipi%C5%84ski" title="Karol Lipiński">Lipiński</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Moniuszko" title="Stanisław Moniuszko">Moniuszko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignacy_Jan_Paderewski" title="Ignacy Jan Paderewski">Paderewski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoni_Stolpe" title="Antoni Stolpe">Stolpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Tausig" title="Karl Tausig">Tausig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henryk_Wieniawski" title="Henryk Wieniawski">Wieniawski</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Arensky" title="Anton Arensky">Arensky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mily_Balakirev" title="Mily Balakirev">Balakirev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Borodin" title="Alexander Borodin">Borodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Cui" title="César Cui">Cui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Glinka" title="Mikhail Glinka">Glinka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Lyapunov" title="Sergei Lyapunov">Lyapunov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Medtner" title="Nikolai Medtner">Medtner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modest_Mussorgsky" title="Modest Mussorgsky">Mussorgsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Rachmaninoff" title="Sergei Rachmaninoff">Rachmaninoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Rimsky-Korsakov" title="Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov">Rimsky-Korsakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Rubinstein" title="Anton Rubinstein">Rubinstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Scriabin" title="Alexander Scriabin">Scriabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky" title="Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky">Tchaikovsky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Serbia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stevan_Hristi%C4%87" title="Stevan Hristić">Hristić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petar_Konjovi%C4%87" title="Petar Konjović">Konjović</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stevan_Mokranjac" title="Stevan Mokranjac">Mokranjac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kornelije_Stankovi%C4%87" title="Kornelije Stanković">Stanković</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Sterndale_Bennett" title="William Sterndale Bennett">Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Berwald" title="Franz Berwald">Berwald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Elgar" title="Edward Elgar">Elgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Field_(composer)" title="John Field (composer)">Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Franck" title="César Franck">Franck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edvard_Grieg" title="Edvard Grieg">Grieg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Sibelius" title="Jean Sibelius">Sibelius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Sor" title="Fernando Sor">Sor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_philosophy" title="Romanticism in philosophy">Philosophers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vissarion_Belinsky" title="Vissarion Belinsky">Belinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Berchet" title="Giovanni Berchet">Berchet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Burke" title="Edmund Burke">Burke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Carlyle" title="Thomas Carlyle">Carlyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Chaadayev" title="Pyotr Chaadayev">Chaadayev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridge" title="Samuel Taylor Coleridge">Coleridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Constant" title="Benjamin Constant">Constant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Waldo_Emerson" title="Ralph Waldo Emerson">Emerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Gottlieb_Fichte" title="Johann Gottlieb Fichte">Fichte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe" title="Johann Wolfgang von Goethe">Goethe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hazlitt" title="William Hazlitt">Hazlitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Wilhelm_Friedrich_Hegel" title="Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel">Hegel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksey_Khomyakov" title="Aleksey Khomyakov">Khomyakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9licit%C3%A9_de_La_Mennais" title="Félicité de La Mennais">Lamennais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariano_Jos%C3%A9_de_Larra" title="Mariano José de Larra">Larra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_de_Maistre" title="Joseph de Maistre">Maistre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Mazzini" title="Giuseppe Mazzini">Mazzini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Michelet" title="Jules Michelet">Michelet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_M%C3%BCller" title="Adam Müller">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novalis" title="Novalis">Novalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Quinet" title="Edgar Quinet">Quinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau" title="Jean-Jacques Rousseau">Rousseau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_Joseph_Schelling" title="Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling">Schelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Schiller" title="Friedrich Schiller">Schiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Wilhelm_Schlegel" title="August Wilhelm Schlegel">A. Schlegel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Schlegel" title="Friedrich Schlegel">F. Schlegel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Schleiermacher" title="Friedrich Schleiermacher">Schleiermacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Pivert_de_Senancour" title="Étienne Pivert de Senancour">Senancour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johan_Vilhelm_Snellman" title="Johan Vilhelm Snellman">Snellman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Germaine de Staël">Staël</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_David_Thoreau" title="Henry David Thoreau">Thoreau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Tieck" title="Ludwig Tieck">Tieck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Heinrich_Wackenroder" title="Wilhelm Heinrich Wackenroder">Wackenroder</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Romanticism#Visual_arts" title="Romanticism">Visual artists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Aivazovsky" title="Ivan Aivazovsky">Aivazovsky</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bierstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Blake" title="William Blake">Blake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Parkes_Bonington" title="Richard Parkes Bonington">Bonington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Bryullov" title="Karl Bryullov">Bryullov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_Chass%C3%A9riau" title="Théodore Chassériau">Chassériau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederic_Edwin_Church" title="Frederic Edwin Church">Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Constable" title="John Constable">Constable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cole" title="Thomas Cole">Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste-Camille_Corot" title="Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot">Corot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johan_Christian_Dahl" title="Johan Christian Dahl">Dahl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_d%27Angers" title="David d'Angers">David d'Angers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix" title="Eugène Delacroix">Delacroix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Edelfelt" title="Albert Edelfelt">Edelfelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspar_David_Friedrich" title="Caspar David Friedrich">Friedrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fuseli" title="Henry Fuseli">Fuseli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akseli_Gallen-Kallela" title="Akseli Gallen-Kallela">Gallen-Kallela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_G%C3%A9ricault" title="Théodore Géricault">Géricault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne-Louis_Girodet_de_Roussy-Trioson" title="Anne-Louis Girodet de Roussy-Trioson">Girodet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Nepomucen_G%C5%82owacki" title="Jan Nepomucen Głowacki">Głowacki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Goya" title="Francisco Goya">Goya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Gude" title="Hans Gude">Gude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Hayez" title="Francesco Hayez">Hayez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Janmot" title="Louis Janmot">Janmot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jones_(artist)" title="Thomas Jones (artist)">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orest_Kiprensky" title="Orest Kiprensky">Kiprensky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Anton_Koch" title="Joseph Anton Koch">Koch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franciszek_Ksawery_Lampi" title="Franciszek Ksawery Lampi">Lampi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Leutze" title="Emanuel Leutze">Leutze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Martin_(painter)" title="John Martin (painter)">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piotr_Micha%C5%82owski" title="Piotr Michałowski">Michałowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Palmer" title="Samuel Palmer">Palmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_de_Ara%C3%BAjo_Porto-Alegre,_Baron_of_Santo_%C3%82ngelo" title="Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre, Baron of Santo Ângelo">Porto-Alegre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine-Augustin_Pr%C3%A9ault" title="Antoine-Augustin Préault">Préault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_R%C3%A9voil" title="Pierre Révoil">Révoil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleury_Fran%C3%A7ois_Richard" title="Fleury François Richard">Richard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Rude" title="François Rude">Rude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philipp_Otto_Runge" title="Philipp Otto Runge">Runge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raden_Saleh" title="Raden Saleh">Saleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ary_Scheffer" title="Ary Scheffer">Scheffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wojciech_Stattler" title="Wojciech Stattler">Stattler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Stroy" title="Michael Stroy">Stroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolph_Tidemand" title="Adolph Tidemand">Tidemand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasily_Tropinin" title="Vasily Tropinin">Tropinin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._M._W._Turner" title="J. M. W. Turner">Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philipp_Veit" title="Philipp Veit">Veit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Ward_(English_artist)" title="James Ward (English artist)">Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Wiertz" title="Antoine Wiertz">Wiertz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Scholars" class="mw-redirect" title="Scholars">Scholars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Abraham" title="Gerald Abraham">Abraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._H._Abrams" title="M. H. Abrams">Abrams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Barzun" title="Jacques Barzun">Barzun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_C._Beiser" title="Frederick C. Beiser">Beiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaiah_Berlin" title="Isaiah Berlin">Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._C._W._Blanning" title="T. C. W. Blanning">Blanning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Bloom" title="Harold Bloom">Bloom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Blume" title="Friedrich Blume">Blume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Dahlhaus" title="Carl Dahlhaus">Dahlhaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Ferber" title="Michael Ferber">Ferber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_Frye" title="Northrop Frye">Frye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Janion" title="Maria Janion">Janion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_Lacoue-Labarthe" title="Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe">Lacoue-Labarthe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Oncken_Lovejoy" title="Arthur Oncken Lovejoy">Lovejoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_de_Man" title="Paul de Man">de Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Nancy" title="Jean-Luc Nancy">Nancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrik_Gabriel_Porthan" title="Henrik Gabriel Porthan">Porthan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Ricks" title="Christopher Ricks">Ricks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Rosen" title="Charles Rosen">Rosen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Wellek" title="René Wellek">Wellek</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coleridge%27s_theory_of_life" title="Coleridge's theory of life">Coleridge's theory of life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_idealism" title="German idealism">German idealism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_romantics" title="List of romantics">List of romantics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Romantic_poets" title="List of Romantic poets">List of Romantic poets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages_in_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle Ages in history">Middle Ages in history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opium_and_Romanticism" title="Opium and Romanticism">Opium and Romanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_ballet" title="Romantic ballet">Romantic ballet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_epistemology" title="Romantic epistemology">Romantic epistemology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_medicine" title="Romantic medicine">Romantic medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_poetry" title="Romantic poetry">Romantic poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_psychology" title="Romantic psychology">Romantic psychology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_and_economics" title="Romanticism and economics">Romanticism and economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_and_the_French_Revolution" title="Romanticism and the French Revolution">Romanticism and the French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_science" title="Romanticism in science">Romanticism in science</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_and_Bacon" title="Romanticism and Bacon">Bacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_evolution_theory" title="Romanticism in evolution theory">Evolution theory</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wanderer_above_the_Sea_of_Fog" title="Wanderer above the Sea of Fog">Wanderer above the Sea of Fog</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div style="position:relative;"> <div style="position:absolute;">← <b><a href="/wiki/Template:Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Template:Age of Enlightenment">Age of Enlightenment</a></b></div> <div style="position:absolute;right:0;"><b><a href="/wiki/Template:Modernism" title="Template:Modernism">Modernism</a></b> →</div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Romanticism" title="Category:Romanticism">Category</a> </p> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77132#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata3623" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77132#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata3623" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77132#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000083669412">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/27338209">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/3341/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJdcy4WTYp4tMrmc9H8Bfq">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118960520">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50011230">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb149697745">France</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11946672n">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb149697745">BnF data</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11946672n">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Bierstadt, Albert"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/UFIV036744">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35018582">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ola2003167548&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070309752">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/1686548388787">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000202475&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007605528305171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA06221589?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500001248">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/c0ade300-c83b-4567-98c2-cef7133afb71">MusicBrainz</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/8201">RKD Artists</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sikart.ch/KuenstlerInnen.aspx?id=9705319&lng=en">SIKART</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moma.org/artists/63104">Museum of Modern Art</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.musee-orsay.fr/en/ressources/repertoire-artistes-personnalites/31286">Musée d'Orsay</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uni-stuttgart.de/hi/gnt/dsi2/index.php?table_name=dsi&function=details&where_field=id&where_value=349">Scientific illustrators</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pic.nypl.org/constituents/8344">Photographers' Identities</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gallery.ca/collection/artist/albert-bierstadt">National Gallery of Canada</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/792981">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/118960520.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027421864">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6fn17xs">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Albert_Bierstadt&oldid=1275231449">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Albert_Bierstadt&oldid=1275231449</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1830_births" title="Category:1830 births">1830 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1902_deaths" title="Category:1902 deaths">1902 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:19th-century_American_painters" title="Category:19th-century American painters">19th-century American painters</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:19th-century_American_male_artists" title="Category:19th-century American male artists">19th-century American male artists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_male_painters" title="Category:American male painters">American male painters</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_landscape_painters" title="Category:American landscape painters">American landscape painters</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Artists_of_the_American_West" title="Category:Artists of the American West">Artists of the American West</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Prussian_emigrants_to_the_United_States" title="Category:Prussian emigrants to the United States">Prussian emigrants to the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hudson_River_School_painters" title="Category:Hudson River School painters">Hudson River School painters</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Luminism_(American_art_style)" title="Category:Luminism (American art style)">Luminism (American art style)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_frontier_painters" title="Category:American frontier painters">American frontier painters</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Solingen" title="Category:People from Solingen">People from Solingen</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Artists_from_the_Rhine_Province" title="Category:Artists from the Rhine Province">Artists from the Rhine Province</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Irvington,_New_York" title="Category:People from Irvington, New York">People from Irvington, New York</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:D%C3%BCsseldorf_school_of_painting" title="Category:Düsseldorf school of painting">Düsseldorf school of painting</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Letters" title="Category:Members of the American Academy of Arts and Letters">Members of the American Academy of Arts and Letters</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_Appleton%27s_Cyclopedia" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from Appleton's Cyclopedia">Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from Appleton's Cyclopedia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_Collier%27s_Encyclopedia" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from Collier's Encyclopedia">Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from Collier's Encyclopedia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_1911_Encyclopaedia_Britannica_with_Wikisource_reference" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference">Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_September_2020" title="Category:Use mdy dates from September 2020">Use mdy dates from September 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards" title="Category:Articles with hCards">Articles with hCards</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_reliable_references" title="Category:All articles lacking reliable references">All articles lacking reliable references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_reliable_references_from_May_2018" title="Category:Articles lacking reliable references from May 2018">Articles lacking reliable references from May 2018</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Internet_Archive_links" title="Category:Articles with Internet Archive links">Articles with Internet Archive links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 11 February 2025, at 20:46<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Albert_Bierstadt&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Albert Bierstadt</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>39 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-b766959bd-7lph7","wgBackendResponseTime":149,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.788","walltime":"0.982","ppvisitednodes":{"value":5425,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":194106,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":5011,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":4,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":175646,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 799.319 1 -total"," 28.40% 227.032 1 Template:Reflist"," 18.84% 150.626 1 Template:Infobox_artist"," 16.81% 134.359 22 Template:Cite_web"," 15.94% 127.439 5 Template:Navbox"," 11.97% 95.682 1 Template:Albert_Bierstadt"," 6.66% 53.217 1 Template:Birth_date"," 6.55% 52.340 1 Template:Short_description"," 4.91% 39.246 1 Template:Commons_category"," 4.70% 37.561 1 Template:Sister_project"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.467","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":9752127,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-b766959bd-l5b2v","timestamp":"20250216105917","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Albert Bierstadt","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Albert_Bierstadt","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q77132","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q77132","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-08-04T17:34:22Z","dateModified":"2025-02-11T20:46:00Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/0\/04\/Albert_Bierstadt_by_Napoleon_Sarony%2C_c._1870%2C_albumen_silver_print%2C_from_the_National_Portrait_Gallery_-_NPG-NPG_2007_23Bierstadt-000001.jpg_%28cropped%29.jpg","headline":"American painter (1830\u20131902)"}</script> </body> </html>