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Yanesha' - Viquipèdia, l'enciclopèdia lliure

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href="#bodyContent">Vés al contingut</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menú principal" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menú principal</span> </label> <div 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class="vector-menu-heading"> Navegació </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portada" title="Visiteu la pàgina principal [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Portada</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Article_aleatori" title="Carrega una pàgina a l’atzar [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Article a l'atzar</span></a></li><li id="n-Articles-de-qualitat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Articles_de_qualitat"><span>Articles de qualitat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Comunitat" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Comunitat" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Comunitat </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Portal" title="Sobre el projecte, què podeu fer, on trobareu les coses"><span>Portal viquipedista</span></a></li><li id="n-Agenda-d&#039;actes" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Trobades"><span>Agenda d'actes</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Canvis_recents" title="Una llista dels canvis recents al wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Canvis recents</span></a></li><li id="n-La-taverna" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:La_taverna"><span>La taverna</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Contacte"><span>Contacte</span></a></li><li id="n-Xat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Canals_IRC"><span>Xat</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Ajuda" title="El lloc per a saber més coses"><span>Ajuda</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Portada" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Viquipèdia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ca.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.4375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="l&#039;Enciclopèdia Lliure" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ca.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Cerca" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cerca a la Viquipèdia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Cerca</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Cerca a Viquipèdia" aria-label="Cerca a Viquipèdia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cerca a la Viquipèdia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Especial:Cerca"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cerca</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Eines personals"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page&#039;s font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aparença" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aparença</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=ca" class=""><span>Donatius</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&amp;returnto=Yanesha%27" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori" class=""><span>Crea un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&amp;returnto=Yanesha%27" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Inicia la sessió</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Més opcions" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines personals" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eines personals</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menú d&#039;usuari" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=ca"><span>Donatius</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&amp;returnto=Yanesha%27" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Crea un compte</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&amp;returnto=Yanesha%27" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Inicia la sessió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pàgines per a editors no registrats <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introducci%C3%B3" aria-label="Vegeu més informació sobre l&#039;edició"><span>més informació</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Contribucions_pr%C3%B2pies" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d&#039;aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Discussi%C3%B3_personal" title="Discussió sobre les edicions per aquesta adreça ip. [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussió per aquest IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Fonologia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fonologia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Fonologia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Fonologia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Fonologia</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Fonologia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Consonants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Consonants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Consonants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Consonants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vocals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vocals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Vocals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vocals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accent" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accent"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Accent</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accent-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referències" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referències"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Referències</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referències-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Yanesha'</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 10 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-10" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">10 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanesha%27_language" title="Yanesha&#039; language - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Yanesha&#039; language" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_yanesha" title="Idioma yanesha - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Idioma yanesha" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanesha" title="Yanesha - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Yanesha" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_yanesha%27" title="Lingua yanesha&#039; - gallec" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua yanesha&#039;" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanesha%27_jezik" title="Yanesha&#039; jezik - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Yanesha&#039; jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanesha_(taal)" title="Yanesha (taal) - neerlandès" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Yanesha (taal)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_yanesha" title="Lenga yanesha - piemontès" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga yanesha" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_yanesha%27" title="Língua yanesha&#039; - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua yanesha&#039;" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanisha_simi" title="Yanisha simi - quítxua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Yanisha simi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quítxua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B0_(%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA)" title="Янеша (язык) - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Янеша (язык)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3088540#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica enllaços interlingües" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica els enllaços</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espais de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Yanesha%27" title="Vegeu el contingut de la pàgina [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Pàgina</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussi%C3%B3:Yanesha%27&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussió sobre el contingut d&#039;aquesta pàgina (encara no existeix) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Canvia la variant de llengua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">català</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vistes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Yanesha%27"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanesha%27&amp;action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d&#039;aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanesha%27&amp;action=history" title="Versions antigues d&#039;aquesta pàgina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eines</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Eines</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Més opcions" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Accions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Yanesha%27"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanesha%27&amp;action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d&#039;aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanesha%27&amp;action=history"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Enlla%C3%A7os/Yanesha%27" title="Una llista de totes les pàgines wiki que enllacen amb aquesta [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Què hi enllaça</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Seguiment/Yanesha%27" rel="nofollow" title="Canvis recents a pàgines enllaçades des d&#039;aquesta pàgina [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Canvis relacionats</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A0gines_especials" title="Llista totes les pàgines especials [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pàgines especials</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanesha%27&amp;oldid=32146107" title="Enllaç permanent a aquesta revisió de la pàgina"><span>Enllaç permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanesha%27&amp;action=info" title="Més informació sobre aquesta pàgina"><span>Informació de la pàgina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citau&amp;page=Yanesha%27&amp;id=32146107&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informació sobre com citar aquesta pàgina"><span>Citau aquest article</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fca.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FYanesha%2527"><span>Obtén una URL abreujada</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fca.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FYanesha%2527"><span>Descarrega el codi QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimeix/exporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Llibre&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=Yanesha%27"><span>Crea un llibre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=Yanesha%27&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>Baixa com a PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanesha%27&amp;printable=yes" title="Versió per a impressió d&#039;aquesta pàgina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versió per a impressora</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> En altres projectes </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3088540" title="Enllaç a l&#039;element del repositori de dades connectat [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element a Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparença</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">amaga</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Viquipèdia, l&#039;enciclopèdia lliure</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ca" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="font-size:90%;width:25em"><caption style="font-weight:bold;background-color:Moccasin;"><span style="float:left; margin-left: 3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Infotaula de llengua"><img alt="Infotaula de llengua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Octicons-comment.svg/20px-Octicons-comment.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Octicons-comment.svg/30px-Octicons-comment.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Octicons-comment.svg/40px-Octicons-comment.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="896" data-file-height="1024" /></span></span></span>Yanesha&#39;</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background-color:Moccasin;font-size:110%;">&#160;(<span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">[janeʃaˀt͡ʂʰ]</span>)</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Tipus</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Idioma" title="Idioma">llengua</a> i <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1288568" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1288568">llengua viva</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3088540?uselang=ca#P31" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color:Moccasin;">Ús</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Parlants</th><td class="infobox-data">9.800 (2000)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee"><a href="/wiki/Llengua_oficial" title="Llengua oficial">Oficial</a> a</th><td class="infobox-data">Perú</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Grup ètnic</th><td class="infobox-data">Yanesha'</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Autòcton de</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yanesha" title="Yanesha">Yanesha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Regi%C3%B3_de_Jun%C3%ADn" title="Regió de Junín">Junín</a> i <a href="/wiki/Departament_de_Pasco" title="Departament de Pasco">Regió de Pasco</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3088540?uselang=ca#P2341" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Estat</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Per%C3%BA" title="Perú">Perú</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3088540?uselang=ca#P17" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><div style="font-size:90%;"></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color:Moccasin;">Classificació lingüística</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q20162172" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q20162172">llengua humana</a><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q645304" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q645304">llengua indígena</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_amer%C3%ADndies" title="Llengües ameríndies">llengües ameríndies</a><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q54801970" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q54801970">llengües indígenes d'Amèrica del Sud</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_arawak" title="Llengües arawak">llengües arawak</a><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q25494525" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q25494525">llengües maipureanes occidentals</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3088540?uselang=ca#P279" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color:Moccasin;">Característiques</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee"><a href="/wiki/Escriptura" title="Escriptura">Sistema d'escriptura</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Llatina</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Nivell de vulnerabilitat</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q20672089" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q20672089">4 en perill sever</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3088540?uselang=ca#P1999" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color:Moccasin;">Codis</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">ISO 639-3</th><td class="infobox-data">ame</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Glottolog</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/yane1238">yane1238</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3088540?uselang=ca#P1394" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Ethnologue</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/language/ame">ame</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3088540?uselang=ca#P1627" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">UNESCO</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unesco.org/languages-atlas/en/atlasmap/language-id-739.html">739</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3088540?uselang=ca#P2355" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">IETF</th><td class="infobox-data">ame <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3088540?uselang=ca#P305" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Endangered languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/1646">1646</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3088540?uselang=ca#P2192" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Yanesha'</b> (Yaneshac̈h/Yanešač̣; literalment: «nosaltres les persones»), també anomenada <b>amuesha</b> o <b>amoesha</b> és una llengua parlada pels <a href="/wiki/Yanesha" title="Yanesha">Yanesha'</a> del <a href="/wiki/Per%C3%BA" title="Perú">Perú</a>, a la regió central i oriental del <a href="/wiki/Departament_de_Pasco" title="Departament de Pasco">Departament de Pasco</a>. </p><p>A causa de la influència i la dominació de l'<a href="/wiki/Imperi_Inca" title="Imperi Inca">Imperi Inca</a>, el yanesha té molts prèstecs del <a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADtxua" title="Quítxua">quítxua</a>, incloent-hi vocabulari bàsic. També és probable que el yanesha hagi estat influenciat pel sistema vocàlic del quítxua, ja que actualment té un sistema de només tres vocals, en compte del sistema de quatre vocals típic de les <a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_arawak" title="Llengües arawak">llengües arawak</a>. També té molts préstecs de les <a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_campa" title="Llengües campa">llengües campa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ramirez-2020-3_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ramirez-2020-3-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fonologia">Fonologia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanesha%27&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Fonologia"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>El yanesha té 22 <a href="/wiki/Consonant" title="Consonant">consonants</a> i 9 fonemes <a href="/wiki/Vocal" title="Vocal">vocàlics.</a> Les consonants tenen un cert grau de variació <a href="/wiki/Al%C2%B7l%C3%B2fon" title="Al·lòfon">al·lofònica</a>, mentre que en les vocals és molt més considerable.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Consonants">Consonants</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanesha%27&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifica la secció: Consonants"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" rowspan="2"> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Consonant_bilabial" title="Consonant bilabial">Bilabial</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Consonant_alveolar" title="Consonant alveolar">Alveolar</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Consonant_retroflexa" title="Consonant retroflexa">Retroflexa</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Consonant_palatal" title="Consonant palatal">Palatal</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Consonant_velar" title="Consonant velar">Velar</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th><small>Senzilla</small> </th> <th><small>Palatalitzada</small> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Consonant_nasal" title="Consonant nasal">Nasal</a> </th> <td>m <i>m</i> </td> <td><i>m̃</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">mʲ</span> </td> <td>n <i>n</i> </td> <td> </td> <td><i>ñ</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">nʲ</span> </td> <td>(<span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">(ŋ)</span>) ² </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Consonant_oclusiva" title="Consonant oclusiva">Oclusiva</a> </th> <td>p <i>p</i> </td> <td><i>p̃</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">pʲ</span> </td> <td>t <i>t</i> </td> <td> </td> <td><i>t̃</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">tʲ</span> / <i>c̃</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">kʲ</span> ¹ </td> <td>c/qu <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">k</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Consonant_africada" title="Consonant africada">Africada</a> ¹ </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><i>ts</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">t͡s</span> </td> <td><i>c̈h</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">t͡ʂ</span> </td> <td><i>ch</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">t͡ʃ</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Consonant_fricativa" title="Consonant fricativa">Fricativa</a> </th> <th><small><a href="/wiki/Consonant_sorda" title="Consonant sorda">sorda</a></small> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>s <i>s</i> </td> <td> </td> <td><i>sh</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">ʃ</span> </td> <td><i>j</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">x</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><small><a href="/wiki/Sonoritat" title="Sonoritat">sonora</a></small> </th> <td><i>b</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">β</span> </td> <td><i>b̃</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">βʲ</span> </td> <td>&#160; </td> <td><i>rr</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">ʐ</span> </td> <td>&#160; </td> <td><i>G</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">ɣ</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Consonant_bategant" title="Consonant bategant">Bategant</a> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><i>r</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">ɾ</span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Consonant_aproximant" title="Consonant aproximant">Aproximant</a> </th> <th><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Consonant_central&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Consonant central (encara no existeix)">Central</a></small> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><i>y</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">j</span> </td> <td>hu/u <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">w</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><small><a href="/wiki/Consonant_lateral" title="Consonant lateral">Lateral</a></small> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><i>ll</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">lʲ</span> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <ol><li>Les africades i <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/tʲ/</span> són aspirades fonèticament.</li> <li><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">[ŋ]</span> és un al·lòfon de /n/ abans de <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/k/</span></li></ol> <p>El yanesha, com el <a href="/wiki/Rus" title="Rus">rus</a>, l'<a href="/wiki/Ga%C3%A8lic_irland%C3%A8s" title="Gaèlic irlandès">irlandès</a>, i el <a href="/wiki/Marshall%C3%A8s" title="Marshallès">marshallès</a>, contrasten alguns parells de consonants senzilles i palatalitzades: </p> <ul><li><i>anap̃</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/aˈnax<b>pʲ</b>/</span> («el va respondre») vs. anap /<span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/aˈnax<b>p</b>/</span>/ («va respondre»)</li> <li><i>esho'ta netsorram̃o</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/eˈʃota netsoˈʐa<b>mʲ</b>o/</span> («ha entrat la meva serra») vs. <i>esho'ta nenamo</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/eˈʃota neˈna<b>m</b>o/</span> («ha entrat la meva boca»)</li> <li><i>ña</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/<b>n</b>ʲa/</span> («ell») vs. na /<i><b>n</b>a</i>/ («Jo»)</li></ul> <p>Les consonants palatalitzades restants (<span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/lʲ/</span>/ i /tʲ/) no ofereixen un contrast un-a-un amb les consonants senzilles; la primera perquè és la única <a href="/wiki/Consonant_lateral" title="Consonant lateral">consonant lateral</a> i, per tant, no contrasta amb cap altre fonema segons la palatalització; mentre que <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/tʲ/</span>contrasta amb /t/, i també amb /ts/, <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/tʃ/</span> i /tʂ/. Les consonants bilabials palatalitzades tenen un off-glide palatal més perceptible que les alveolars. A final de paraula, aquest off-glide és sord per a <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/pʲ/</span> i <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/lʲ/</span>, però absent per a <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/mʲ/</span>. </p><p>Una altra característica general del yanesha és l'ensordiment en alguns contextos. A més de l'ensordiment d'alguns off-glides palatals, la fricativa <a href="/wiki/Retroflexa" class="mw-redirect" title="Retroflexa">retroflexa</a> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ʐ/</span> és sorda a final de paraula o davant d'una consonant sorda (<a href="/wiki/Assimilaci%C3%B3" title="Assimilació">assimilació</a>): <i>arrpa</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ˈaʐpa/</span> («és aquí») → <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">[ˈaʂpa]</span> Les aproximants /w/ i /j/ són sordes davant d'oclusives sordes, com en <i>huautena</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/wawˈteːna/</span> («borda») i en <i>neytarr</i> /nejˈtaʐ/ («la meva porta»); /j/ també és sorda davant de les africades i a final de paraula: <i>ahuey</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/aˈwej/</span> («som-hi»). </p><p>De manera similar, les oclusives /p/, /t/ i /k/ són aspirades a final de paraula: ellap /<i>eˈlʲap</i>/ («tret de pistola») → <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">[eˈlʲapʰ]</span>; precedint una altra <a href="/wiki/Consonant_oclusiva" title="Consonant oclusiva">oclusiva</a> o una <a href="/wiki/Africada" class="mw-redirect" title="Africada">africada</a>. Una oclusiva por ser <a href="/wiki/Aspiraci%C3%B3_(fon%C3%A8tica)" title="Aspiració (fonètica)">aspirada</a> de manera que <i>etquëll</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/eːtˈkelʲ/</span> («un peix») és pronunciat com [eetʰkelʲ] o <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">[eetʰkelʲ]</span>. La <a href="/wiki/Consonant_velar" title="Consonant velar">velar</a> fricativa <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/x/</span> es converteix en <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">[h]</span> davant d'una altra consonant. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vocals">Vocals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanesha%27&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifica la secció: Vocals"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>El yanesha té tres qualitats vocàliques: <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/a/</span>, /e/, i /o/. Cadascuna contrasta fonèticament entre formes curtes, llargues i «laringeals» o «<a href="/wiki/Consonant_glotal" title="Consonant glotal">glotals</a>». </p><p>La laríngelització generalment consisteix en la glotalització de la vocal en qüestió, creant una mena de <i>vocal fry.</i> En contexts no finals, ocorre una variació (especialment davant de consonants sonores) que va des del <i>vocal fry</i> durant tota la vocal o només en una seqüència, una pausa glotal o la vocal lleugerament rearticulada: <i>ma'ñorr</i> <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/maˀˈnʲoʐ/</span> («cérvol») → <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">[maʔa̯ˈnʲoʂ]</span>. Abans d'una nasal a final de paraula, aquesta vocal rearticulada pot ser realitzada amb una qualitat sil·làbica nasal. A més, tot i no sé tant llarga com una vocal llarga, les vocals laringeals són generalment més llargues que les vocals curtes. Quan se situen a final de paraula absolut, les vocals laringealitzades difereixen de les curtes només en la presència d'una pausa glotal a continuació. </p><p>Totes les consonants poden aparèixer inicialment, al mig i al final amb l'excepció de <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ɣ/</span> i <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/w/</span>, que no se situen a final de paraula. Els grups consonàntics inclouen com a mínim una pausa, a excepció de <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/tsʐ/</span> i <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/mw/</span>. Els altres grups consonàntics inicials possibles són: </p> <ul><li><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/pw/</span>, <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/pr/</span>, <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/tr/</span>, <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/kj/</span></li> <li><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/tʃp/</span>, <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ʐp/</span>, <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/tʃt/</span>, <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ʃt/</span></li></ul> <p>Els grups consonàntics a final de paraula consisteixen en una nasal o en /x/ seguides d'una oclusiva o africada: </p><p><span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/mp/</span>, <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/nt/</span>, <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/nk/</span>, <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ntʲ/</span>, <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ntʃ/</span>, <span title="Representació en l&#39;Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">/ntʂ/</span> </p><p>Els grups consonàntics situats a l'interior d'una paraula poden estar conformats per dues o tres consonants. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Accent">Accent</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanesha%27&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Modifica la secció: Accent"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tot i que pugui semblar fonèmic, l'accent acostuma a recaure en la penúltima síl·laba o en l'última. Menys freqüentment, també pot recaure en l'antepenúltima. Algunes paraules, com <i>oc̈gallina</i> /ˈotʂen/~/oˈtʂen/ ('pinta'), tenen variació lliure de l'accent. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referències"><span id="Refer.C3.A8ncies"></span>Referències</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanesha%27&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Modifica la secció: Referències"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist &#123;&#123;#if: &#124; references-column-count references-column-count-&#123;&#123;&#123;col&#125;&#125;&#125;" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Ramirez-2020-3-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Ramirez-2020-3_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFRamirez2020"><a href="/wiki/Henri_Ramirez" title="Henri Ramirez"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Ramirez</span>, Henri</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publishercrv.com.br/produtos/detalhes/35676-enciclopedia-das-linguas-arawak-br-acrescida-de-seis-novas-linguas-e-dois-bancos-de-dados-br-volume-iii"><i>Enciclopédia das línguas Arawak: acrescida de seis novas línguas e dois bancos de dados</i></a>. 3. 1.&#32; Curitiba:&#32;Editora CRV,&#32;2020. <span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.24824/978652510234.4">10.24824/978652510234.4</a></span>. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-65-251-0234-4" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-65-251-0234-4">ISBN 978-65-251-0234-4</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Enciclop%C3%A9dia+das+l%C3%ADnguas+Arawak%3A+acrescida+de+seis+novas+l%C3%ADnguas+e+dois+bancos+de+dados&amp;rft.aulast=Ramirez&amp;rft.aufirst=Henri&amp;rft.date=2020&amp;rft.edition=1&amp;rft.pub=Editora+CRV&amp;rft.place=Curitiba&amp;rft.isbn=978-65-251-0234-4&amp;rft_id=info:doi/10.24824%2F978652510234.4&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublishercrv.com.br%2Fprodutos%2Fdetalhes%2F35676-enciclopedia-das-linguas-arawak-br-acrescida-de-seis-novas-linguas-e-dois-bancos-de-dados-br-volume-iii"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span title="" style="white-space: nowrap;"><i>&#91;<a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Enlla%C3%A7os_externs#Manteniment_d&#39;enllaços_externs" title="Viquipèdia:Enllaços externs">Enllaç no actiu</a>&#93;</i></span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ramirez, Henri, &amp; França, Maria Cristina Victorino de. (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://periodicos.sbu.unicamp.br/ojs/index.php/liames/article/view/8655045">Línguas Arawak da Bolívia</a>. <i>LIAMES: Línguas Indígenas Americanas</i>, 19, e019012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org/10.20396/liames.v19i0.8655045">https://doi.org/10.20396/liames.v19i0.8655045</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yanesha%27&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Modifica la secció: Bibliografia"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">Fast, Peter W.&#32;«Amuesha (Arawak) Phonemes».&#32;<i>International Journal of American Linguistics</i>,&#32;19,&#32;3,&#32;1953,&#32;pàg.&#160;191–194. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2F464218">10.1086/464218</a>.</span></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="border&amp;#124;enllaç=&amp;#124;23x20px&amp;#124;Perú_Llengües_del_Perú_border&amp;#124;enllaç=&amp;#124;23x20px&amp;#124;Perú" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plantilla:Lleng%C3%BCes_del_Per%C3%BA" title="Plantilla:Llengües del Perú"><img alt="Vegeu aquesta plantilla" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/18px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/27px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/36px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></li></ul></div><div id="border&amp;#124;enllaç=&amp;#124;23x20px&amp;#124;Perú_Llengües_del_Perú_border&amp;#124;enllaç=&amp;#124;23x20px&amp;#124;Perú" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Perú"><img alt="Perú" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Peru_%28state%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru_%28state%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Peru_%28state%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru_%28state%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Peru_%28state%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Peru_%28state%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_del_Per%C3%BA" title="Llengües del Perú">Llengües del Perú</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Perú"><img alt="Perú" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Peru_%28state%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru_%28state%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Peru_%28state%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru_%28state%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Peru_%28state%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Peru_%28state%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castell%C3%A0_peru%C3%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Castellà peruà (encara no existeix)">Varietats castellanes</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castell%C3%A0_amaz%C3%B2nic&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Castellà amazònic (encara no existeix)">Amazònic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castell%C3%A0_and%C3%AD&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Castellà andí (encara no existeix)">Andí</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castell%C3%A0_costaner_peru%C3%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Castellà costaner peruà (encara no existeix)">Costaner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castell%C3%A0_equatorial&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Castellà equatorial (encara no existeix)">Equatorial</a> <small>(Tumbes)</small></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Loncco&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Loncco (encara no existeix)">Loncco</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Llengües<br />indígenes</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_arawak" title="Llengües arawak">Arawak</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_campa" title="Llengües campa">Campa</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashaninca_(llengua)" title="Ashaninca (llengua)">Ashaninca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ash%C3%A9ninka" title="Ashéninka">Ashéninka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Axininca&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Axininca (encara no existeix)">Axininca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caquinte" title="Caquinte">Caquinte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machiguenga" title="Machiguenga">Machiguenga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanti" title="Nanti">Nanti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomatsiguenga" title="Nomatsiguenga">Nomatsiguenga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_piro" title="Llengües piro">Piro</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/I%C3%B1apari" title="Iñapari">Iñapari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mashco_Piro" title="Mashco Piro">Mashco Piro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yine" title="Yine">Yine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_arawak_de_l%27Alt_Amazones" title="Llengües arawak de l&#39;Alt Amazones">Alt Amazones</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Res%C3%ADgaro" title="Resígaro">Resígaro</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Occidental</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chamicuro" title="Chamicuro">Chamicuro</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yanesha'</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_aimara" title="Llengües aimara">Aimara</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aimara" title="Aimara">Aimara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaqaru" title="Jaqaru">Jaqaru</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_bora%E2%80%93witoto" title="Llengües bora–witoto">Bora–Witoto</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bora_(llengua)" title="Bora (llengua)">Bora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minica_huitoto" title="Minica huitoto">Minica huitoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murui_huitoto" title="Murui huitoto">Murui huitoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%BCpode_huitoto" title="Nüpode huitoto">Nüpode huitoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocaina" title="Ocaina">Ocaina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_cahuapanes" title="Llengües cahuapanes">Cahuapanes</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chayahuita" title="Chayahuita">Chayahuita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jebero" title="Jebero">Jebero</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_j%C3%ADvaro" title="Llengües jívaro">Jívaro</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aguaruna" title="Aguaruna">Aguaruna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huambisa" title="Huambisa">Huambisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achuar" title="Achuar">Shiwiar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_pano" title="Llengües pano">Pano</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Llengua_amahuaca" title="Llengua amahuaca">Amawaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iskonawa" title="Iskonawa">Iskonawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashibo" title="Kashibo">Kashibo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashinawa" title="Kashinawa">Kashinawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mats%C3%A9s" title="Matsés">Matsés</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Pisabo&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pisabo (encara no existeix)">Pisabo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shipibo" title="Shipibo">Shipibo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yawanawa" title="Yawanawa">Yaminawa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADtxua" title="Quítxua">Quítxua</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADtxua_de_Cajamarca%E2%80%93Ca%C3%B1aris" title="Quítxua de Cajamarca–Cañaris">Cajamarca–Cañaris</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADtxua_de_Cajamarca" title="Quítxua de Cajamarca">Cajamarca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADtxua_de_Lambayeque" title="Quítxua de Lambayeque">Lambayeque</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADtxua_d%27Ancash" title="Quítxua d&#39;Ancash">Ancash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADtxua_de_Hu%C3%A1nuco" title="Quítxua de Huánuco">Huánuco</a> (<a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADtxua_de_Huallaga" title="Quítxua de Huallaga">Huallaga</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADtxua_de_Pacaraos" title="Quítxua de Pacaraos">Pacaraos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADtxua_Wanka" title="Quítxua Wanka">Wanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADtxua_Yaru" title="Quítxua Yaru">Yaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADtxua_Yauyos%E2%80%93Chincha" title="Quítxua Yauyos–Chincha">Yauyos–Chincha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADtxua_de_les_terres_baixes_del_Per%C3%BA" title="Quítxua de les terres baixes del Perú">Terres Baixes</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADtxua_de_Chachapoyas" title="Quítxua de Chachapoyas">Chachapoyas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADtxua_lamista" title="Quítxua lamista">Lamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kichwa" title="Kichwa">Kichwa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADtxua_meridional" title="Quítxua meridional">Meridional</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADtxua_d%27Ayacucho" title="Quítxua d&#39;Ayacucho">Ayacucho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADtxua_de_Cusco" title="Quítxua de Cusco">Cusco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADtxua_de_Cusco%E2%80%93Collao" title="Quítxua de Cusco–Collao">Cusco–Collao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADtxua_de_Puno" title="Quítxua de Puno">Puno</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_tucanes" title="Llengües tucanes">Tucanes</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orej%C3%B3n" title="Orejón">Orejón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secoya" title="Secoya">Secoya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_tup%C3%AD" title="Llengües tupí">Tupí</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cocama" title="Cocama">Cocama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omagua" title="Omagua">Omagua</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_zaparoanes" title="Llengües zaparoanes">Zaparoanes</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabela" title="Arabela">Arabela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cahuarano" title="Cahuarano">Cahuarano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iquito" title="Iquito">Iquito</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Aïllades i altres</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Candoshi-Shapra" class="mw-redirect" title="Candoshi-Shapra">Candoshi-Shapra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culle" title="Culle">Culle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ese_ejja" title="Ese ejja">Ese ejja</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_tacanes" title="Llengües tacanes">família tacana</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llengua_amarakaeri" title="Llengua amarakaeri">Harákmbut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culina" title="Culina">Culina</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_arawanes" title="Llengües arawanes">família arawana</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maynas" title="Maynas">Maynas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llengua_mochica" title="Llengua mochica">Mochica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munichi" title="Munichi">Munichi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omurano" title="Omurano">Omurano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puquina" title="Puquina">Puquina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taushiro" title="Taushiro">Taushiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ticuna" title="Ticuna">Ticuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urarina" title="Urarina">Urarina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yagua" title="Yagua">Yagua</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Llengües de signes</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llengua_de_signes_peruana&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Llengua de signes peruana (encara no existeix)">Llengua de signes peruana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llengua_de_signes_Inmaculada&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Llengua de signes Inmaculada (encara no existeix)">Llengua de signes Inmaculada</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llengua_de_signes_Sivia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Llengua de signes Sivia (encara no existeix)">Llengua de signes Sivia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Llengües_arawak_(Maipure)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plantilla:Lleng%C3%BCes_arawak" title="Plantilla:Llengües arawak"><img alt="Vegeu aquesta plantilla" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/18px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/27px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/36px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></li></ul></div><div id="Llengües_arawak_(Maipure)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_arawak" title="Llengües arawak">Llengües arawak</a> (Maipure)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Septentrional</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_ta-arawak" title="Llengües ta-arawak">Carib</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Llengua_arawak" title="Llengua arawak">Lokono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caquet%C3%ADo" title="Caquetío">Caquetío</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garifuna" title="Garifuna">Garifuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalh%C3%ADphona" title="Kalhíphona">Kalhíphona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraujano" title="Paraujano">Paraujano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shebaya" title="Shebaya">Shebaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ta%C3%AFno" title="Taïno">Taïno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayuunaiki" title="Wayuunaiki">Wayuunaiki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Palikurrà</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marawan&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Marawan (encara no existeix)">Marawan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palikur" title="Palikur">Palikur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_pidjanes" title="Llengües pidjanes">Pidjana</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aroaqui" title="Aroaqui">Aroaqui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atorada" title="Atorada">Atorada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mawayana" title="Mawayana">Mawayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mapidian" class="mw-redirect" title="Mapidian">Mapidian</a> (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parawana" title="Parawana">Parawana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wapishana" title="Wapishana">Wapishana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_arawak_de_l%27Alt_Amazones" title="Llengües arawak de l&#39;Alt Amazones">Alt Amazones</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Nawiki occidental</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achawa" title="Achawa">Achawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarizana" title="Amarizana">Amarizana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anauy%C3%A1" title="Anauyá">Anauyá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabiyar%C3%AD" title="Cabiyarí">Cabiyarí</a> (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabre" title="Cabre">Cabre</a> (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guar%C3%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Guarú">Guarú</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawishana" title="Kawishana">Kawishana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandawaca" title="Mandawaca">Mandawaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariat%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Mariaté">Mariaté</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pas%C3%A9" title="Pasé">Pasé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piapoco" title="Piapoco">Piapoco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Res%C3%ADgaro" title="Resígaro">Resígaro</a> (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warekena" title="Warekena">Warekena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waraik%C3%BA" title="Waraikú">Waraikú</a> (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wainum%C3%A1" title="Wainumá">Wainumá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wirin%C3%A1" title="Wiriná">Wiriná</a> (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaba%C3%A2na" title="Yabaâna">Yabaâna</a> (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yucuna" title="Yucuna">Yucuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yumana" title="Yumana">Yumana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Nawiki oriental</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baniwa" title="Baniwa">Baniwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurripako" title="Kurripako">Kurripako</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tariana" title="Tariana">Tariana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Central Alt Amazones</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bar%C3%A9" title="Baré">Baré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abane" title="Abane">Abane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinau" title="Guinau">Guinau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maipure" title="Maipure">Maipure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maraw%C3%A1" title="Marawá">Marawá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yavitero" title="Yavitero">Yavitero</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Manao</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karia%C3%AD" title="Kariaí">Kariaí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manao" title="Manao">Manao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiriana" title="Shiriana">Shiriana</a> (?)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Arawak-Languages.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Arawak-Languages.png/250px-Arawak-Languages.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Arawak-Languages.png/375px-Arawak-Languages.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Arawak-Languages.png/500px-Arawak-Languages.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1500" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Meridional</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Occidental</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chamicuro" title="Chamicuro">Chamicuro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morique" title="Morique">Morique</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yanesha'</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_Pares%C3%AD-Waur%C3%A1" title="Llengües Paresí-Waurá">Paresí-Waurá</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yawalapit%C3%AD" title="Yawalapití">Agavotaguerra</a> (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Custenau" title="Custenau">Custenau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enawen%C3%A9-Naw%C3%A9" title="Enawené-Nawé">Enawené-Nawé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pares%C3%AD" title="Paresí">Paresí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saraveca" title="Saraveca">Saraveca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waur%C3%A1" title="Waurá">Waurá</a>–<a href="/wiki/Mehinaku" title="Mehinaku">Mehinaku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yawalapit%C3%AD" title="Yawalapití">Yawalapití</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_piro" title="Llengües piro">Piro</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apurin%C3%A3" title="Apurinã">Apurinã</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carar%C3%AD" title="Cararí">Cararí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%C3%B1apari" title="Iñapari">Iñapari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mashco_Piro" title="Mashco Piro">Mashco Piro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yine" title="Yine">yine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanamar%C3%A9" title="Kanamaré">Kanamaré</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_arawak_Paran%C3%A1-Mamor%C3%A9" title="Llengües arawak Paraná-Mamoré">Paraná-Mamoré</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baure" title="Baure">Baure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chan%C3%A9" title="Chané">Chané</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enawen%C3%A9-Naw%C3%A9" title="Enawené-Nawé">Enawené-Nawé</a> (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapachu" title="Lapachu">Lapachu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moxo" title="Moxo">Moxo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauna" title="Pauna">Pauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ter%C3%AAna" title="Terêna">Terêna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_campa" title="Llengües campa">Campa</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashaninca_(llengua)" title="Ashaninca (llengua)">Ashaninca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ash%C3%A9ninka" title="Ashéninka">Ashéninka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Axininca&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Axininca (encara no existeix)">Axininca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caquinte" title="Caquinte">Caquinte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machiguenga" title="Machiguenga">Machiguenga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomatsiguenga" title="Nomatsiguenga">Nomatsiguenga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanti" title="Nanti">Pucapucari</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">No classificades</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Morique" title="Morique">Morique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irantxe" title="Irantxe">Irantxe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Macroarawak" title="Macroarawak"><i>Macro-Arawakan</i></a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_arawanes" title="Llengües arawanes"><i>Arauán</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_guahibanes" title="Llengües guahibanes"><i>Guahiban</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candoshi-Shapra" class="mw-redirect" title="Candoshi-Shapra"><i>Candoshi-Shapra</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munichi" title="Munichi"><i>Munichi</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puquina" title="Puquina"><i>Puquina</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Enciclop%C3%A9dia_das_l%C3%ADnguas_Arawak" title="Enciclopédia das línguas Arawak">Enciclopédia das línguas Arawak</a> * <a href="/wiki/Henri_Ramirez" title="Henri Ramirez">Henri Ramirez</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> 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