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<li id="toc-Silent_film_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Silent_film_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Silent film era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Silent_film_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Social_commentary_in_comedy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_commentary_in_comedy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>Social commentary in comedy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Social_commentary_in_comedy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Camp_and_bawdy_comedy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Camp_and_bawdy_comedy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2</span> <span>Camp and bawdy comedy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Camp_and_bawdy_comedy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Present_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Present_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Present era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Present_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Reception</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sub-types" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sub-types"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Sub-types</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sub-types-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hybrid_sub-genres" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hybrid_sub-genres"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Hybrid sub-genres</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hybrid_sub-genres-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Comedy film</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 60 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-60" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">60 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%85_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="فيلم كوميدي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فيلم كوميدي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cine_de_comedia" title="Cine de comedia – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Cine de comedia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komediya_filmi" title="Komediya filmi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Komediya filmi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0" title="হাস্যরসাত্মক চলচ্চিত্র – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হাস্যরসাত্মক চলচ্চিত্র" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Кінакамедыя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кінакамедыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Кінакамэдыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Кінакамэдыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%80)" title="Комедия (жанр) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Комедия (жанр)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_komedienn" title="Film komedienn – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Film komedienn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinema_de_com%C3%A8dia" title="Cinema de comèdia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cinema de comèdia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filmov%C3%A1_komedie" title="Filmová komedie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Filmová komedie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ffilm_gomedi" title="Ffilm gomedi – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ffilm gomedi" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filmkom%C3%B6die" title="Filmkomödie – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Filmkomödie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kom%C3%B6%C3%B6diafilm" title="Komöödiafilm – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Komöödiafilm" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CF%89%CE%BC%CF%89%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%B1_(%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%82)" title="Κωμωδία (κινηματογράφος) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κωμωδία (κινηματογράφος)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comedia_cinematogr%C3%A1fica" title="Comedia cinematográfica – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Comedia cinematográfica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komedia_filmo" title="Komedia filmo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Komedia filmo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinema_komiko" title="Zinema komiko – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zinema komiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85_%DA%A9%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="فیلم کمدی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فیلم کمدی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Com%C3%A9die_(cin%C3%A9ma)" title="Comédie (cinéma) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Comédie (cinéma)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komeedzjefilm" title="Komeedzjefilm – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Komeedzjefilm" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BD%94%EB%AF%B8%EB%94%94_%EC%98%81%ED%99%94" title="코미디 영화 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="코미디 영화" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%B8%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Կինոկատակերգություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կինոկատակերգություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="हास्य फ़िल्म – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हास्य फ़िल्म" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komedija_(film)" title="Komedija (film) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Komedija (film)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_komedi" title="Film komedi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Film komedi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamanmynd" title="Gamanmynd – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Gamanmynd" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_commedia" title="Film commedia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Film commedia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%A8%D7%98_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%94" title="סרט קומדיה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סרט קומדיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Кинокомедия – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Кинокомедия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Кинокомедия – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кинокомедия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinokom%C4%93dija" title="Kinokomēdija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kinokomēdija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comedie_(Film)" title="Comedie (Film) – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Comedie (Film)" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filmv%C3%ADgj%C3%A1t%C3%A9k" title="Filmvígjáték – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Filmvígjáték" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF_%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="ഹാസ്യ ചലച്ചിത്രം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹാസ്യ ചലച്ചിത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%85_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%89" title="فيلم كوميدى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فيلم كوميدى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filem_komedi" title="Filem komedi – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Filem komedi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9F%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E_%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AF%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%87%E1%80%AC%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="ဟာသ ရုပ်ရှင်ဇာတ်ကား – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဟာသ ရုပ်ရှင်ဇာတ်ကား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filmkomedie" title="Filmkomedie – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Filmkomedie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%A1%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E6%98%A0%E7%94%BB" title="コメディ映画 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="コメディ映画" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinokomediya" title="Kinokomediya – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kinokomediya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_komediowy" title="Film komediowy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Film komediowy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Com%C3%A9dia_cinematogr%C3%A1fica" title="Comédia cinematográfica – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Comédia cinematográfica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_de_comedie" title="Film de comedie – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Film de comedie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Кинокомедия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кинокомедия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B1_%E0%B6%A0%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%A7" title="ප්‍රහසන චිත්‍රපට – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ප්‍රහසන චිත්‍රපට" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comedy_movie" title="Comedy movie – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Comedy movie" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="فیلمی کۆمیدی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="فیلمی کۆمیدی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filmska_komedija" title="Filmska komedija – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Filmska komedija" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filmska_komedija" title="Filmska komedija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Filmska komedija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komediaelokuva" title="Komediaelokuva – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Komediaelokuva" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komedifilm" title="Komedifilm – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Komedifilm" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="நகைச்சுவைத் திரைப்படம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நகைச்சுவைத் திரைப்படம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D3%A3" title="Филми мазҳакавӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Филми мазҳакавӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komedi_filmi" title="Komedi filmi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Komedi filmi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Кінокомедія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кінокомедія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AD%DB%8C%DB%81_%D9%81%D9%84%D9%85" title="مزاحیہ فلم – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مزاحیہ فلم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phim_h%C3%A0i" title="Phim hài – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phim hài" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%91%E7%89%87" title="笑片 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="笑片" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%96%9C%E5%8A%87%E9%9B%BB%E5%BD%B1" title="喜劇電影 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="喜劇電影" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A8lem_banyolan" title="Pèlem banyolan – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Pèlem banyolan" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Genre of film that emphasizes humour</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The-Blacksmith-1922.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/The-Blacksmith-1922.jpg/260px-The-Blacksmith-1922.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/The-Blacksmith-1922.jpg/390px-The-Blacksmith-1922.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/The-Blacksmith-1922.jpg 2x" data-file-width="504" data-file-height="399" /></a><figcaption>Comedic actor <a href="/wiki/Buster_Keaton" title="Buster Keaton">Buster Keaton</a> (left) struggling with a wrecked car in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Blacksmith" title="The Blacksmith">The Blacksmith</a></i>, a 1922 short comedy film</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>comedy film</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Film_genre" title="Film genre">film genre</a> that emphasizes <a href="/wiki/Humor" class="mw-redirect" title="Humor">humor</a>. These films are designed to amuse audiences and make them laugh.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Films in this genre typically have a <a href="/wiki/Happy_ending" title="Happy ending">happy ending</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Black_comedy" title="Black comedy">dark comedy</a> being an exception to this rule. Comedy is one of the oldest genres in film, and it is derived from classical <a href="/wiki/Comedy" title="Comedy">comedy</a> in <a href="/wiki/Theatre" title="Theatre">theatre</a>. Some of the earliest <a href="/wiki/Silent_film" title="Silent film">silent films</a> were <a href="/wiki/Slapstick_comedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Slapstick comedy">slapstick comedies</a>, which often relied on visual depictions, such as sight gags and pratfalls, so they could be enjoyed without requiring sound. To provide drama and excitement to silent movies, live music was played in sync with the action on the screen, on pianos, organs, and other instruments.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When sound films became more prevalent during the 1920s, comedy films grew in popularity, as laughter could result from both <a href="/wiki/Burlesque" title="Burlesque">burlesque</a> situations but also from humorous <a href="/wiki/Dialogue" title="Dialogue">dialogue</a>. </p><p>Comedy, compared with other <a href="/wiki/Film_genre" title="Film genre">film genres</a>, places more focus on individual star actors, with many former <a href="/wiki/Stand-up_comics" class="mw-redirect" title="Stand-up comics">stand-up comics</a> transitioning to the film industry due to their popularity.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <i><a href="/wiki/Screenwriters_Taxonomy" title="Screenwriters Taxonomy">The Screenwriters Taxonomy</a></i> (2017), <a href="/wiki/Eric_R._Williams" title="Eric R. Williams">Eric R. Williams</a> contends that film genres are fundamentally based upon a film's atmosphere, character, and story, and therefore, the labels "drama" and "comedy" are too broad to be considered a genre.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Instead, his taxonomy argues that comedy is a type of film that contains at least a dozen different sub-types.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A number of hybrid genres have emerged, such as <a href="/wiki/Action_comedy" title="Action comedy">action comedy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Romantic_comedy" title="Romantic comedy">romantic comedy</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comedy_film&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Silent_film_era">Silent film era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comedy_film&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Silent film era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cin%C3%A9matographe_Lumi%C3%A8re.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Cin%C3%A9matographe_Lumi%C3%A8re.jpg/220px-Cin%C3%A9matographe_Lumi%C3%A8re.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Cin%C3%A9matographe_Lumi%C3%A8re.jpg/330px-Cin%C3%A9matographe_Lumi%C3%A8re.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Cin%C3%A9matographe_Lumi%C3%A8re.jpg/440px-Cin%C3%A9matographe_Lumi%C3%A8re.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1255" data-file-height="924" /></a><figcaption>The film poster for the first comedy film, <i><a href="/wiki/L%27Arroseur_Arros%C3%A9" title="L'Arroseur Arrosé">L'Arroseur Arrosé</a></i> (1895)</figcaption></figure> <p>The first comedy film was <i><a href="/wiki/L%27Arroseur_Arros%C3%A9" title="L'Arroseur Arrosé">L'Arroseur Arrosé</a></i> (1895), directed and produced by film pioneer <a href="/wiki/Louis_Lumi%C3%A8re" title="Louis Lumière">Louis Lumière</a>. Less than a minute long, it shows a boy playing a prank on a gardener. The most notable comedy actors of the <a href="/wiki/Silent_film_era" class="mw-redirect" title="Silent film era">silent film era</a> (1895–1927) were <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Lloyd" title="Harold Lloyd">Harold Lloyd</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Buster_Keaton" title="Buster Keaton">Buster Keaton</a>, though they were able to make the transition into “<a href="/wiki/Sound_film" title="Sound film">talkies</a>” after the 1920s. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Social_commentary_in_comedy">Social commentary in comedy</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comedy_film&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Social commentary in comedy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Film-makers in the 1960s skillfully employed the use of comedy film to make social statements by building their narratives around sensitive cultural, political or social issues. Such films include <a href="/wiki/Dr._Strangelove" title="Dr. Strangelove">Dr Strangelove, or How I Learned to Love the Bomb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guess_Who%27s_Coming_to_Dinner" title="Guess Who's Coming to Dinner">Guess Who's Coming to Dinner?</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Graduate" title="The Graduate">The Graduate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Camp_and_bawdy_comedy">Camp and bawdy comedy</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comedy_film&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Camp and bawdy comedy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In America, the <a href="/wiki/Sexual_revolution" title="Sexual revolution">sexual revolution</a> drove an appetite for comedies that celebrated and parodied changing social morals, including <a href="/wiki/Bob_%26_Carol_%26_Ted_%26_Alice" title="Bob & Carol & Ted & Alice">Bob & Carol & Ted & Alice</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fanny_Hill_(1964_film)" title="Fanny Hill (1964 film)">Fanny Hill</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Britain, a <a href="/wiki/Camp_(style)" title="Camp (style)">camp</a> sensibility lay behind the successful <a href="/wiki/Carry_On_(franchise)" title="Carry On (franchise)">Carry On films</a>, while in America subversive independent film-maker <a href="/wiki/John_Waters" title="John Waters">John Waters</a> made camp films for college audiences with his <a href="/wiki/Drag_queen" title="Drag queen">drag queen</a> friends that eventually found a mainstream audience.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The success of the American television show <a href="/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live" title="Saturday Night Live">Saturday Night Live</a> drove decades of cinema with racier content allowed on television drawing on the program's stars and characters, with bigger successes including <a href="/wiki/Wayne%27s_World_(film)" title="Wayne's World (film)">Wayne's World</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mean_Girls" title="Mean Girls">Mean Girls</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ghostbusters" title="Ghostbusters">Ghostbusters</a> and <a href="/wiki/Animal_House" title="Animal House">Animal House</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Present_era">Present era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comedy_film&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Present era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Parody and joke-based films continue to find audiences.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comedy_film&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While comedic films are among the most popular with audiences at the box office, there is an 'historical bias against a close and serious consideration of comedy' when it comes to critical reception and conferring of awards, such as at the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Awards</a>. Film writer Cailian Savage observes "Comedies have won Oscars, although they’ve usually been comedy-dramas, involved very depressing scenes, or appealed to stone-hearted drama lovers in some other way, such as <i><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_in_Love" title="Shakespeare in Love">Shakespeare in Love</a></i>." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sub-types">Sub-types</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comedy_film&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Sub-types"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Tone plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Tone" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article's <b>tone or style may not reflect the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Tone" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles">encyclopedic tone</a> used on Wikipedia</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> See Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Tone" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles">guide to writing better articles</a> for suggestions.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><b>Anarchic comedy:</b> The anarchic comedy film, as the name suggests, is a random or <a href="/wiki/Stream_of_consciousness" title="Stream of consciousness">stream-of-consciousness</a> type of humor that often lampoons a form of authority.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The genre dates from the silent era. Notable examples of this type of film are those produced by <a href="/wiki/Monty_Python" title="Monty Python">Monty Python</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other examples include <i><a href="/wiki/Duck_Soup_(1933_film)" title="Duck Soup (1933 film)">Duck Soup</a></i> (1933) and <i><a href="/wiki/Caddyshack" title="Caddyshack">Caddyshack</a></i> (1980).</li> <li><b>Bathroom comedy</b> (or gross-out comedy)<b>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Gross_out#Cinema" title="Gross out">Gross out films</a> are aimed at the young adult market (age 18–24) and rely heavily on vulgar, sexual, or <a href="/wiki/Toilet_humour" title="Toilet humour">"toilet" humor</a>. They often contain a large amount of profanity and nudity.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Examples include <i><a href="/wiki/Animal_House" title="Animal House">Animal House</a></i> (1978) and <i><a href="/wiki/Freddy_Got_Fingered" title="Freddy Got Fingered">Freddy Got Fingered</a></i> (2001).</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Black_comedy" title="Black comedy">Black comedy</a></b>: film deals with <a href="/wiki/Taboo" title="Taboo">taboo</a> subjects—including death, murder, crime, suicide, and war—in a satirical manner.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Examples include <i><a href="/wiki/Dr._Strangelove" title="Dr. Strangelove">Dr. Strangelove</a></i> (1964) and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Death_of_Stalin" title="The Death of Stalin">The Death of Stalin</a></i> (2017).</li> <li><b>Comedy of ideas:</b> This sub-type uses comedy to explore serious ideas such as religion, sex, or politics. Often, the characters represent particular divergent world views and are forced to interact for comedic effect and social commentary.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some examples include both <i><a href="/wiki/Ferris_Bueller%27s_Day_Off" title="Ferris Bueller's Day Off">Ferris Bueller's Day Off</a></i> (1986) and <i><a href="/wiki/Swing_Vote_(2008_film)" title="Swing Vote (2008 film)">Swing Vote</a></i> (2008).</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Comedy_of_manners" title="Comedy of manners">Comedy of manners</a></b>: satirizes the mores and affectations of a social class. The plot of a comedy of manners is often concerned with an illicit love affair or other scandals. Generally, the plot is less important for its comedic effect than its witty dialogue. This form of comedy has a long ancestry that dates back at least as far as <i><a href="/wiki/Much_Ado_About_Nothing" title="Much Ado About Nothing">Much Ado About Nothing</a></i> created by <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a>, published in 1623.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Examples for comedy of manners films include <i><a href="/wiki/Breakfast_at_Tiffany%27s_(film)" title="Breakfast at Tiffany's (film)">Breakfast at Tiffany's</a></i> (1961) and <i><a href="/wiki/Under_the_Tuscan_Sun_(film)" title="Under the Tuscan Sun (film)">Under the Tuscan Sun</a></i> (2003).</li> <li><b>Farce:</b> <a href="/wiki/Farce" title="Farce">Farcical</a> films exaggerate situations beyond the realm of possibility—thereby making them entertaining.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Film examples include <i><a href="/wiki/Sleeper_(1973_film)" title="Sleeper (1973 film)">Sleeper</a></i> (1973).</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mockumentary" title="Mockumentary">Mockumentary</a>:</b> comedies are fictional but use a doc-style that includes interviews and "documentary" footage, along with regular scenes. Examples include <i><a href="/wiki/This_Is_Spinal_Tap" title="This Is Spinal Tap">This Is Spinal Tap</a></i> (1984) and <i><a href="/wiki/Reboot_Camp" title="Reboot Camp">Reboot Camp</a></i> (2020).</li> <li><b>Musical comedy</b>: a film genre has its roots in the 1920s, with Disney's <i><a href="/wiki/Steamboat_Willie" title="Steamboat Willie">Steamboat Willie</a></i> (1928) being the most popular of these early films. The subgenre resurged with popularity in the 1970s, with movies such as <i><a href="/wiki/Bugsy_Malone" title="Bugsy Malone">Bugsy Malone</a></i> (1976) and <a href="/wiki/Grease_(film)" title="Grease (film)"><i>Grease</i></a> (1978) gaining status as <a href="/wiki/Cult_film" title="Cult film">cult classics</a>.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Observational_comedy" title="Observational comedy">Observational comedy</a>:</b> films find humor in the common practices of everyday life.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some film examples of observational humor include <i><a href="/wiki/Knocked_Up" title="Knocked Up">Knocked Up</a></i> (2007) and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Intern_(2015_film)" title="The Intern (2015 film)">The Intern</a></i> (2015).</li> <li><b>Parody (or spoof):</b> A <a href="/wiki/Parody_film" title="Parody film">parody or spoof film</a> satirizes other film genres or classic films. Such films employ sarcasm, stereotyping, mockery of scenes from other films, and the obviousness of meaning in a character's actions.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Examples of this form include <i><a href="/wiki/Blazing_Saddles" title="Blazing Saddles">Blazing Saddles</a></i> (1974) and <i><a href="/wiki/Spaceballs" title="Spaceballs">Spaceballs</a></i> (1987).</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sex_comedy" title="Sex comedy">Sex comedy</a>:</b> The humor is primarily derived from sexual situations and desire,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as in <i><a href="/wiki/Bachelor_Party_(1984_film)" title="Bachelor Party (1984 film)">Bachelor Party</a></i> (1984) and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Inbetweeners_Movie" title="The Inbetweeners Movie">The Inbetweeners Movie</a></i> (2011).</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sitcom" title="Sitcom">Sitcom</a>:</b> where humor comes from knowing a stock group of characters (or character types) and then exposing them to different situations to create humorous and ironic juxtaposition.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Examples include <i><a href="/wiki/Planes,_Trains_and_Automobiles" title="Planes, Trains and Automobiles">Planes, Trains and Automobiles</a></i> (1987) and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hangover" title="The Hangover">The Hangover</a></i> (2009).</li> <li><b>Straight comedy:</b> This broad sub-type applies to films that do not attempt a specific approach to comedy but, rather, use comedy for comedic sake.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Chasing_Amy" title="Chasing Amy">Chasing Amy</a></i> (1997) and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Shaggy_Dog_(2006_film)" title="The Shaggy Dog (2006 film)">The Shaggy Dog</a></i> (2006) are examples of straight comedy films.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Slapstick_film" title="Slapstick film">Slapstick film</a>:</b> involve exaggerated, boisterous physical action to create impossible and humorous situations. Because it relies predominantly on visual depictions of events, it does not require sound. Accordingly, the subgenre was ideal for silent movies and was prevalent during that era.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Popular stars of the slapstick genre include <a href="/wiki/Harold_Lloyd" title="Harold Lloyd">Harold Lloyd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roscoe_Arbuckle" title="Roscoe Arbuckle">Roscoe Arbuckle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Sellers" title="Peter Sellers">Peter Sellers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Norman_Wisdom" title="Norman Wisdom">Norman Wisdom</a>. Some of these stars, as well as acts such as <a href="/wiki/Laurel_and_Hardy" title="Laurel and Hardy">Laurel and Hardy</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Three_Stooges" title="The Three Stooges">the Three Stooges</a>, also found success incorporating <a href="/wiki/Slapstick_comedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Slapstick comedy">slapstick comedy</a> into sound films. Modern examples of slapstick comedy include <i><a href="/wiki/Mr._Bean%27s_Holiday" title="Mr. Bean's Holiday">Mr. Bean's Holiday</a></i> (2007) and <i><a href="/wiki/Get_Smart_(film)" title="Get Smart (film)">Get Smart</a></i> (2008).</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Surreal_humor" class="mw-redirect" title="Surreal humor">Surreal humor</a>:</b> Although not specifically linked to the history of <a href="/wiki/Surrealism" title="Surrealism">surrealism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Surreal_humor" class="mw-redirect" title="Surreal humor">surreal comedies</a> comedies include behavior and storytelling techniques that are illogical—including bizarre <a href="/wiki/Juxtaposition" title="Juxtaposition">juxtapositions</a>, absurd situations, and unpredictable reactions to normal situations.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some examples are <i><a href="/wiki/It%27s_a_Mad,_Mad,_Mad,_Mad_World" title="It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World">It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World</a></i> (1963) and <i><a href="/wiki/Everything_Everywhere_All_at_Once" title="Everything Everywhere All at Once">Everything Everywhere All at Once</a></i> (2022).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hybrid_sub-genres">Hybrid sub-genres</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comedy_film&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Hybrid sub-genres"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to <a href="/wiki/Williams%27_taxonomy" title="Williams' taxonomy">Williams' taxonomy</a>, all film descriptions should contain their type (comedy or drama) combined with one (or more) sub-genres.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This combination does not create a separate genre, but rather, provides a better understanding of the film. </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Action_comedy" title="Action comedy">Action comedy</a></b> Films of this type blend comic antics and action where the stars combine one-liners with a thrilling plot and daring stunts. The genre became a specific draw in North America in the 1980s when comedians such as <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Murphy" title="Eddie Murphy">Eddie Murphy</a> started taking more action-oriented roles, such as in <i><a href="/wiki/48_Hrs." title="48 Hrs.">48 Hrs.</a></i> (1982) and <i><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Hills_Cop" title="Beverly Hills Cop">Beverly Hills Cop</a></i> (1984).</li> <li>Sub-genres of the action comedy (labeled macro-genres by Williams) include:<sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Martial_arts_films" class="mw-redirect" title="Martial arts films">Martial arts films</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Slapstick" title="Slapstick">Slapstick</a> <a href="/wiki/Martial_arts_films" class="mw-redirect" title="Martial arts films">martial arts films</a> became a mainstay of <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_action_cinema" title="Hong Kong action cinema">Hong Kong action cinema</a> through the work of <a href="/wiki/Jackie_Chan" title="Jackie Chan">Jackie Chan</a> among others, such as <i><a href="/wiki/Who_Am_I%3F_(1998_film)" title="Who Am I? (1998 film)">Who Am I?</a></i> (1998). <i><a href="/wiki/Kung_Fu_Panda_(franchise)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kung Fu Panda (franchise)">Kung Fu Panda</a></i> is an action comedy that focuses on the martial art of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_martial_arts" title="Chinese martial arts">kung fu</a>.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Superhero_films" class="mw-redirect" title="Superhero films">Superhero films</a></b> Some action films focus on <a href="/wiki/Superhero" title="Superhero">superheroes</a>; for example, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Incredibles" title="The Incredibles">The Incredibles</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Hancock_(film)" title="Hancock (film)">Hancock</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Kick-Ass_(film)" title="Kick-Ass (film)">Kick-Ass</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Mystery_Men_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mystery Men (film)">Mystery Men</a></i>.</li> <li>Other categories of the action comedy include:<sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_film" title="Buddy film"><b>Buddy films</b></a> Films starring mismatched partners for comedic effects, such as in <i><a href="/wiki/Midnight_Run" title="Midnight Run">Midnight Run</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Rush_Hour_(1998_film)" title="Rush Hour (1998 film)">Rush Hour</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/21_Jump_Street_(film)" title="21 Jump Street (film)">21 Jump Street</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Bad_Boys_(1995_film)" title="Bad Boys (1995 film)">Bad Boys</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Starsky_and_Hutch_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Starsky and Hutch (film)">Starsky and Hutch</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Booksmart" title="Booksmart">Booksmart</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Odd_Couple_(film)" title="The Odd Couple (film)">The Odd Couple</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Ted_(film)" title="Ted (film)">Ted</a></i>.</li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Comedy_thriller" title="Comedy thriller">Comedy thriller</a>:</b> Comedy thriller is a type that combines elements of humor and suspense. Films such as <i><a href="/wiki/Silver_Streak_(film)" title="Silver Streak (film)">Silver Streak</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Charade_(1963_film)" title="Charade (1963 film)">Charade</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Kiss_Kiss_Bang_Bang" title="Kiss Kiss Bang Bang">Kiss Kiss Bang Bang</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/In_Bruges" title="In Bruges">In Bruges</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Mr._%26_Mrs._Smith_(2005_film)" title="Mr. & Mrs. Smith (2005 film)">Mr. and Mrs. Smith</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Grosse_Point_Blank" class="mw-redirect" title="Grosse Point Blank">Grosse Point Blank</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Thin_Man_(film)" title="The Thin Man (film)">The Thin Man</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Big_Fix_(1978_film)" title="The Big Fix (1978 film)">The Big Fix</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lady_Vanishes_(1938_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Lady Vanishes (1938 film)">The Lady Vanishes</a></i>.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Comedy_mystery" class="mw-redirect" title="Comedy mystery">Comedy mystery</a>:</b> Comedy mystery is a film genre combining elements of comedy and mystery fiction. Though the genre arguably peaked in the 1930s and 1940s, comedy-mystery films have been continually produced since.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Examples include the <i><a href="/wiki/Pink_Panther" class="mw-redirect" title="Pink Panther">Pink Panther</a></i> series,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><i><a href="/wiki/Scooby-Doo_in_film" title="Scooby-Doo in film">Scooby-Doo</a></i> films, <i><a href="/wiki/Clue_(film)" title="Clue (film)">Clue</a></i> (1985) and <i><a href="/wiki/Knives_Out" title="Knives Out">Knives Out</a></i> (2019). See also <a href="/wiki/List_of_comedy-mystery_films" class="mw-redirect" title="List of comedy-mystery films">List of comedy-mystery films</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Crime_comedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Crime comedy">Crime comedy</a>:</b> A hybrid mix of crime and comedy films, examples include <i><a href="/wiki/Inspector_Palmu%27s_Mistake_(film)" title="Inspector Palmu's Mistake (film)">Inspector Palmu's Mistake</a></i> (1960), <i><a href="/wiki/O_Brother,_Where_Art_Thou%3F" title="O Brother, Where Art Thou?">Oh Brother Where Art Thou?</a></i> (2000), <i><a href="/wiki/Take_the_Money_and_Run_(film)" title="Take the Money and Run (film)">Take the Money and Run</a></i> (1969) and <i><a href="/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit" title="Who Framed Roger Rabbit">Who Framed Roger Rabbit</a></i> (1988).</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_comedy" title="Fantasy comedy">Fantasy comedy</a>:</b> Fantasy comedy films use <a href="/wiki/Magic_(fantasy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Magic (fantasy)">magic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Supernatural" title="Supernatural">supernatural</a> or mythological figures for comedic purposes. Some fantasy comedy includes an element of parody, or satire, turning fantasy conventions on their head, such as the hero becoming a cowardly fool or the princess being a klutz. Examples of these films include <i><a href="/wiki/Big_(film)" title="Big (film)">Big</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Being_John_Malkovich" title="Being John Malkovich">Being John Malkovich</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Saves_Christmas" title="Ernest Saves Christmas">Ernest Saves Christmas</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Scared_Stupid" title="Ernest Scared Stupid">Ernest Scared Stupid</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Night_at_the_Museum" title="Night at the Museum">Night at the Museum</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Groundhog_Day_(film)" title="Groundhog Day (film)">Groundhog Day</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Click_(2006_film)" title="Click (2006 film)">Click</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Shrek" title="Shrek">Shrek</a></i>.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Comedy_horror" title="Comedy horror">Comedy horror</a>:</b> Comedy horror is a genre/type in which the usual dark themes and "scare tactics" attributed to horror films are treated with a humorous approach. These films either often goofy horror cliches, such as in <i><a href="/wiki/Scream_(franchise)" title="Scream (franchise)">Scream</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Young_Frankenstein" title="Young Frankenstein">Young Frankenstein</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Rocky_Horror_Picture_Show" title="The Rocky Horror Picture Show">The Rocky Horror Picture Show</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Little_Shop_of_Horrors_(1986_film)" title="Little Shop of Horrors (1986 film)">Little Shop of Horrors</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Haunted_Mansion_(2003_film)" title="The Haunted Mansion (2003 film)">The Haunted Mansion</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Scary_Movie" title="Scary Movie">Scary Movie</a></i> where campy styles are favored. Some are much more subtle and do not parody horror, such as <i><a href="/wiki/An_American_Werewolf_in_London" title="An American Werewolf in London">An American Werewolf in London</a></i>. Another style of comedy horror can also rely on over-the-top violence and gore such as in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Evil_Dead" title="The Evil Dead">The Evil Dead</a></i> (1981), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Return_of_the_Living_Dead" title="The Return of the Living Dead">The Return of the Living Dead</a></i> (1985), <i><a href="/wiki/Braindead_(film)" title="Braindead (film)">Braindead</a></i> (1992), and <i><a href="/wiki/Club_Dread" title="Club Dread">Club Dread</a></i> (2004) – such films are sometimes known as <i>splatstick</i>, a portmanteau of the words <i>splatter</i> and <i>slapstick</i>. It would be reasonable to put <i><a href="/wiki/Ghostbusters" title="Ghostbusters">Ghostbusters</a></i> in this category.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Day_in_the_life" title="Day in the life">Day-in-the-life</a> comedy:</b> Day-in-the-life films take small events in a person's life and raise their level of importance. The "small things in life" feel as important to the protagonist (and the audience) as the climactic battle in an action film, or the final shootout in a western.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>Often, the <a href="/wiki/Protagonist" title="Protagonist">protagonists</a> deal with multiple, overlapping issues in the course of the film.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>  The day-in-the-life comedy often finds humor in commenting upon the absurdity or irony of daily life; for example <i><a href="/wiki/The_Terminal" title="The Terminal">The Terminal</a></i> (2004) or <i><a href="/wiki/Waitress_(2007_film)" title="Waitress (2007 film)">Waitress</a></i> (2007). Character humor is also used extensively in day-in-the-life comedies, as can be seen in <i><a href="/wiki/American_Splendor_(film)" title="American Splendor (film)">American Splendor</a></i> (2003).</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Romantic_comedy" title="Romantic comedy">Romantic comedy</a>:</b> Romantic comedies are humorous films with central themes that reinforce societal beliefs about love (e.g., themes such as "<a href="/wiki/Love_at_first_sight" title="Love at first sight">love at first sight</a>", "love conquers all", or "there is someone out there for everyone"); the story typically revolves around characters falling into (and out of, and back into) love.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9lie" title="Amélie">Amélie</a></i> (2001), <i><a href="/wiki/Annie_Hall" title="Annie Hall">Annie Hall</a></i> (1977), <i><a href="/wiki/Charade_(1963_film)" title="Charade (1963 film)">Charade</a></i> (1963), <i><a href="/wiki/City_Lights" title="City Lights">City Lights</a></i> (1931), <i><a href="/wiki/Four_Weddings_and_a_Funeral" title="Four Weddings and a Funeral">Four Weddings and a Funeral</a></i> (1994), <i><a href="/wiki/It_(1927_film)" title="It (1927 film)">It</a></i> (1927), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lobster" title="The Lobster">The Lobster</a></i> (2015), <i><a href="/wiki/My_Wife,_the_Director_General" title="My Wife, the Director General">My Wife, the Director General</a></i> (1966), <i><a href="/wiki/My_Favorite_Wife" title="My Favorite Wife">My Favorite Wife</a></i> (1940), <i><a href="/wiki/Pretty_Woman" title="Pretty Woman">Pretty Woman</a></i> (1990), <i><a href="/wiki/Some_Like_It_Hot" title="Some Like It Hot">Some Like It Hot</a></i> (1959), <i><a href="/wiki/There%27s_Something_About_Mary" title="There's Something About Mary">There's Something About Mary</a></i> (1998) and <i><a href="/wiki/When_Harry_Met_Sally..." title="When Harry Met Sally...">When Harry Met Sally...</a></i> (1989) are examples of romantic comedies.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Screwball_comedy" title="Screwball comedy">Screwball comedy</a>:</b> A subgenre of the romantic comedy, <a href="/wiki/Screwball_comedy" title="Screwball comedy">screwball comedies</a> appears to focus on the story of a central male character until a strong female character takes center stage; at this point, the man's story becomes secondary to a new issue typically introduced by the woman; this story grows in significance and, as it does, the man's masculinity is challenged by the sharp-witted woman, who is often his love interest.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Typically it can include a romantic element, an interplay between people of different economic strata, quick and witty <a href="/wiki/Repartee" class="mw-redirect" title="Repartee">repartee</a>, some form of role reversal, and a happy ending. Some examples of screwball comedy during its heyday include <i><a href="/wiki/It_Happened_One_Night" title="It Happened One Night">It Happened One Night</a></i> (1934), <i><a href="/wiki/Bringing_Up_Baby" title="Bringing Up Baby">Bringing Up Baby</a></i> (1938), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Philadelphia_Story_(film)" title="The Philadelphia Story (film)">The Philadelphia Story</a></i> (1940), <i><a href="/wiki/His_Girl_Friday" title="His Girl Friday">His Girl Friday</a></i> (1940), <i><a href="/wiki/Mr._%26_Mrs._Smith_(1941_film)" title="Mr. & Mrs. Smith (1941 film)">Mr. & Mrs. Smith</a></i> (1941); more recent examples include <i><a href="/wiki/What%27s_Up,_Doc%3F_(1972_film)" title="What's Up, Doc? (1972 film)">What's Up, Doc?</a></i> (1972), <a href="/wiki/Rat_Race_(film)" title="Rat Race (film)"><i>Rat Race</i></a> (2001), and <i><a href="/wiki/Our_Idiot_Brother" title="Our Idiot Brother">Our Idiot Brother</a></i> (2011).</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_comedy" title="Science fiction comedy">Science fiction comedy</a>:</b> Science fiction comedy films often exaggerate the elements of traditional <a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_film" title="Science fiction film">science fiction films</a> to comic effect. Examples include <i><a href="/wiki/Spaceballs" title="Spaceballs">Spaceballs</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Ghostbusters" title="Ghostbusters">Ghostbusters</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_Quest" title="Galaxy Quest">Galaxy Quest</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Mars_Attacks!" title="Mars Attacks!">Mars Attacks!</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Men_in_Black_(series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Men in Black (series)">Men in Black</a></i>, and many more.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sports_comedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports comedy">Sports comedy</a>:</b> Sports comedy combines the genre of comedy with that of the <a href="/wiki/Sports_film" title="Sports film">sports film</a> genre. Thematically, the story is often one of "Our Team" versus "Their Team"; their team will always try to win, and our team will show the world that they deserve recognition or redemption; the story does not always have to involve a team.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The story could also be about an individual athlete or the story could focus on an individual playing on a team. The comedic aspect of this super-genre often comes from physical humor (<i><a href="/wiki/Happy_Gilmore" title="Happy Gilmore">Happy Gilmore</a> -</i> 1996), character humor (<a href="/wiki/Caddyshack" title="Caddyshack">Caddyshack</a> <i>-</i> 1980), or the juxtaposition of bad athletes succeeding against the odds (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Bad_News_Bears" title="The Bad News Bears">The Bad News Bears</a></i> - 1976).</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/War_comedy" class="mw-redirect" title="War comedy">War comedy</a>:</b> War films typically tell the story of a small group of isolated individuals who – one by one – get killed (literally or metaphorically) by an outside force until there is a final fight to the death; the idea of the protagonists facing death is a central expectation in a war film.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> War comedies infuse this idea of confronting death with a morbid sense of humor. In a war film even though the enemy may out-number, or out-power, the hero, we assume that the enemy <i>can</i> be defeated if only the hero can figure out how.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Often, this strategic sensibility provides humorous opportunities in a war comedy. Examples include <i><a href="/wiki/Good_Morning,_Vietnam" title="Good Morning, Vietnam">Good Morning, Vietnam</a></i>; <i><a href="/wiki/M*A*S*H" title="M*A*S*H">M*A*S*H</a></i>; the <a href="/wiki/Francis_the_Talking_Mule" title="Francis the Talking Mule">Francis the Talking Mule</a> series; and others.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Western_comedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Western comedy">Western comedy</a>:</b> Films in the Western super-genre often take place in the American Southwest or Mexico, with a large number of scenes occurring outside so we can soak in nature's rugged beauty.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Visceral expectations for the audience include fistfights, gunplay, and chase scenes. There is also the expectation of spectacular panoramic images of the countryside including sunsets, wide open landscapes, and endless deserts and sky.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Western comedies often find their humor in specific characters (<i><a href="/wiki/Three_Amigos" title="Three Amigos">Three Amigos</a></i>, 1986), in interpersonal relationships (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Lone_Ranger_(2013_film)" title="The Lone Ranger (2013 film)">Lone Ranger</a></i>, 2013) or in creating a parody of the western (<i><a href="/wiki/Rango_(2011_film)" title="Rango (2011 film)">Rango</a></i>, 2011).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comedy_film&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AFI%27s_100_Years...100_Laughs" title="AFI's 100 Years...100 Laughs">AFI's 100 Years...100 Laughs</a> (1924–1998, list made in 2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_comedy_films" title="American comedy films">American comedy films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_comedy_films" title="British comedy films">British comedy films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_comedy_films" title="French comedy films">French comedy films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_comedy_films" title="List of Indian comedy films">List of Indian comedy films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_all%27italiana" title="Commedia all'italiana">Commedia all'italiana</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comedy_film&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.filmsite.org/comedyfilms.html">"Comedy Films"</a>. Filmsite.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 April</span> 2002</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Comedy+Films&rft.pub=Filmsite.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.filmsite.org%2Fcomedyfilms.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTucker2021" class="citation web cs1">Tucker, Bruce (13 December 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://octaneseating.com/blog/history-of-silent-movies/">"The History of Silent Movies in the Theater"</a>. <i>Octane Seating</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Octane+Seating&rft.atitle=The+History+of+Silent+Movies+in+the+Theater&rft.date=2021-12-13&rft.aulast=Tucker&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foctaneseating.com%2Fblog%2Fhistory-of-silent-movies%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVitale2022" class="citation web cs1">Vitale, Micaela Pérez (17 January 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://movieweb.com/stand-up-comedians-great-actors/">"Stand-Up Comedians Who Became Great Actors"</a>. <i>MovieWeb</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MovieWeb&rft.atitle=Stand-Up+Comedians+Who+Became+Great+Actors&rft.date=2022-01-17&rft.aulast=Vitale&rft.aufirst=Micaela+P%C3%A9rez&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmovieweb.com%2Fstand-up-comedians-great-actors%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams,_Eric_R." class="citation book cs1">Williams, Eric R. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/986993829"><i>Screen adaptation: beyond the basics: techniques for adapting books, comics, and real-life stories into screenplays</i></a>. Ayres, Tyler. New York. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-315-66941-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-315-66941-0"><bdi>978-1-315-66941-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/986993829">986993829</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Screen+adaptation%3A+beyond+the+basics%3A+techniques+for+adapting+books%2C+comics%2C+and+real-life+stories+into+screenplays&rft.place=New+York&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F986993829&rft.isbn=978-1-315-66941-0&rft.au=Williams%2C+Eric+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F986993829&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams,_Eric_R.2017" class="citation book cs1">Williams, Eric R. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/993983488"><i>The Screenwriters Taxonomy: A Roadmap to Collaborative Storytelling</i></a>. New York, NY: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-315-10864-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-315-10864-3"><bdi>978-1-315-10864-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/993983488">993983488</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Screenwriters+Taxonomy%3A+A+Roadmap+to+Collaborative+Storytelling&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F993983488&rft.isbn=978-1-315-10864-3&rft.au=Williams%2C+Eric+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F993983488&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaff2014" class="citation web cs1">Staff (16 April 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.libraries.indiana.edu/mediabeat/2014/04/16/laughs-of-the-decades-a-history-of-comedy-in-film/">"Laughs Of The Decades: A History Of Comedy In Film"</a>. <i>Indiana University Bloomington Library</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Indiana+University+Bloomington+Library&rft.atitle=Laughs+Of+The+Decades%3A+A+History+Of+Comedy+In+Film&rft.date=2014-04-16&rft.au=Staff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.libraries.indiana.edu%2Fmediabeat%2F2014%2F04%2F16%2Flaughs-of-the-decades-a-history-of-comedy-in-film%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarchese2022" class="citation web cs1">Marchese, David (18 March 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/03/21/magazine/john-waters-interview.html">"John Waters Is Ready to Defend the Worst People in the World"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=John+Waters+Is+Ready+to+Defend+the+Worst+People+in+the+World&rft.date=2022-03-18&rft.aulast=Marchese&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Finteractive%2F2022%2F03%2F21%2Fmagazine%2Fjohn-waters-interview.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allmovie.com/subgenre/absurd-comedy-d622">"Absurd Comedy"</a>. Allmovies.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Absurd+Comedy&rft.pub=Allmovies&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmovie.com%2Fsubgenre%2Fabsurd-comedy-d622&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSexton" class="citation web cs1">Sexton, Timothy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://movies.yahoo.com/news/anarchic-comedy-silent-era-monty-python-173500945.html">"Anarchic Comedy from the Silent Era to Monty Python"</a>. Yahoo! Movies.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Anarchic+Comedy+from+the+Silent+Era+to+Monty+Python&rft.pub=Yahoo%21+Movies&rft.aulast=Sexton&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmovies.yahoo.com%2Fnews%2Fanarchic-comedy-silent-era-monty-python-173500945.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenderson,_Jeffrey1991" class="citation book cs1">Henderson, Jeffrey (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/252588785"><i>The maculate muse : obscene language in Attic comedy</i></a> (2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-802312-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-802312-8"><bdi>978-0-19-802312-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/252588785">252588785</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+maculate+muse+%3A+obscene+language+in+Attic+comedy&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F252588785&rft.isbn=978-0-19-802312-8&rft.au=Henderson%2C+Jeffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F252588785&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/black-humor">"Black humour"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Black+humour&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2Fblack-humor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ourpastimes.com/definition-of-comedy-of-ideas-12545829.html">"Definition of Comedy of Ideas"</a>. <i>Our Pastimes</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Our+Pastimes&rft.atitle=Definition+of+Comedy+of+Ideas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fourpastimes.com%2Fdefinition-of-comedy-of-ideas-12545829.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1924010"><i>British dramatists from Dryden to Sheridan</i></a>. Nettleton, George Henry, 1874-1959, Case, Arthur Ellicott, 1894-1946, Stone, George Winchester, 1907-2000. (Southern Illinois University Press ed.). Carbondale, [Illinois]. 1975. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8093-0743-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-8093-0743-X"><bdi>0-8093-0743-X</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1924010">1924010</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+dramatists+from+Dryden+to+Sheridan&rft.place=Carbondale%2C+%5BIllinois%5D&rft.edition=Southern+Illinois+University+Press&rft.date=1975&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1924010&rft.isbn=0-8093-0743-X&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1924010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>) CS1 maint: others (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others" title="Category:CS1 maint: others">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/art/farce">"Farce | drama"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Farce+%7C+drama&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fart%2Ffarce&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrable2017" class="citation web cs1">Grable, Tim (24 February 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegrablegroup.com/comedy/funny-observational-humor/">"What is funny about Observational Humor? (Updated for 2019)"</a>. <i>The Grable Group</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Grable+Group&rft.atitle=What+is+funny+about+Observational+Humor%3F+%28Updated+for+2019%29&rft.date=2017-02-24&rft.aulast=Grable&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegrablegroup.com%2Fcomedy%2Ffunny-observational-humor%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMellon2016" class="citation web cs1">Mellon, Rory (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scan.lancastersu.co.uk/2016/02/11/a-history-of-the-parody-movie/">"A History of the Parody Movie"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+Parody+Movie&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Mellon&rft.aufirst=Rory&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscan.lancastersu.co.uk%2F2016%2F02%2F11%2Fa-history-of-the-parody-movie%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcDonald,_Tamar_Jeffers2007" class="citation book cs1">McDonald, Tamar Jeffers (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/813844867"><i>Romantic comedy: boy meets girl meets genre</i></a>. London: Wallflower. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-50338-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-50338-9"><bdi>978-0-231-50338-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/813844867">813844867</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Romantic+comedy%3A+boy+meets+girl+meets+genre&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Wallflower&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F813844867&rft.isbn=978-0-231-50338-9&rft.au=McDonald%2C+Tamar+Jeffers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F813844867&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDancyger,_Ken.2013" class="citation book cs1">Dancyger, Ken. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/828423649"><i>Alternative scriptwriting: beyond the Hollywood formula</i></a>. Rush, Jeff. (5th ed.). Burlington, MA: Focal Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-136-05362-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-136-05362-7"><bdi>978-1-136-05362-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/828423649">828423649</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Alternative+scriptwriting%3A+beyond+the+Hollywood+formula&rft.place=Burlington%2C+MA&rft.edition=5th&rft.pub=Focal+Press&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F828423649&rft.isbn=978-1-136-05362-7&rft.au=Dancyger%2C+Ken.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F828423649&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBown,_Lesley2011" class="citation book cs1">Bown, Lesley (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/751058407"><i>The secrets to writing great comedy</i></a>. London: Hodder Education. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4441-2892-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4441-2892-5"><bdi>978-1-4441-2892-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/751058407">751058407</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+secrets+to+writing+great+comedy&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Hodder+Education&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F751058407&rft.isbn=978-1-4441-2892-5&rft.au=Bown%2C+Lesley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F751058407&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.filmsite.org/30sintro4.html">"Film History of the 1930s"</a>. <i>www.filmsite.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.filmsite.org&rft.atitle=Film+History+of+the+1930s&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.filmsite.org%2F30sintro4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200706105709/https://www.navhindtimes.in/the-pink-panther-inspector-clouseau-arrives/">"The Pink Panther: Inspector Clouseau arrives! - the Navhind Times"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.navhindtimes.in/the-pink-panther-inspector-clouseau-arrives/">the original</a> on 6 July 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Pink+Panther%3A+Inspector+Clouseau+arrives%21+-+the+Navhind+Times&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.navhindtimes.in%2Fthe-pink-panther-inspector-clouseau-arrives%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:4_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2019" class="citation book cs1">Williams, Eric R. (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.audible.com/pd/Falling-in-Love-with-Romance-Movies-Audiobook/B07XPDH9YT"><i>Falling in Love with Romance Movies</i></a>. Audible.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Falling+in+Love+with+Romance+Movies&rft.pub=Audible&rft.date=2019&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Eric+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.audible.com%2Fpd%2FFalling-in-Love-with-Romance-Movies-Audiobook%2FB07XPDH9YT&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2018" class="citation web cs1">Williams, Eric R. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegreatcourses.com/courses/how-to-view-and-appreciate-great-movies.html">"How to View and Appreciate Great Movies (episode 5: Story Shape and Tension)"</a>. <i>English</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=English&rft.atitle=How+to+View+and+Appreciate+Great+Movies+%28episode+5%3A+Story+Shape+and+Tension%29&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Eric+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegreatcourses.com%2Fcourses%2Fhow-to-view-and-appreciate-great-movies.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comedy_film&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Thomas W. Bohn and Richard L. Stromgren, <i>Light and Shadows: A History of Motion Pictures</i>, 1975, Mayfield Publishing.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHorton1991" class="citation book cs1">Horton, Andrew S. (1991). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780520069978"><i>Comedy/Cinema/Theory</i></a></span>. University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-07040-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-07040-0"><bdi>978-0-520-07040-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Comedy%2FCinema%2FTheory&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-520-07040-0&rft.aulast=Horton&rft.aufirst=Andrew+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9780520069978&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKing2002" class="citation book cs1">King, Geoff (2002). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/filmcomedy0000king"><i>Film Comedy</i></a></span>. Wallflower Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-903364-36-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-903364-36-9"><bdi>978-1-903364-36-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Film+Comedy&rft.pub=Wallflower+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1-903364-36-9&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Geoff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffilmcomedy0000king&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRickman2004" class="citation book cs1">Rickman, Gregg (2004). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/filmcomedyreader0000unse"><i>The Film Comedy Reader</i></a></span>. Limelight Editions. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87910-295-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87910-295-1"><bdi>978-0-87910-295-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Film+Comedy+Reader&rft.pub=Limelight+Editions&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-87910-295-1&rft.aulast=Rickman&rft.aufirst=Gregg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffilmcomedyreader0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeitz2009" class="citation book cs1">Weitz, Eric (2009). <i>The Cambridge Introduction to Comedy</i>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-83260-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-83260-1"><bdi>978-0-521-83260-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Introduction+to+Comedy&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-521-83260-1&rft.aulast=Weitz&rft.aufirst=Eric&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComedy+film" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Williams, Eric R. (2017) The Screenwriters Taxonomy: A Roadmap to Creative Storytelling. New York, NY: Routledge Press, Studies in Media Theory and Practice. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-315-10864-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-315-10864-3">978-1-315-10864-3</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comedy_film&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/genre/comedy">Comedy films at IMDB</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rottentomatoes.com/top/bestofrt/top_100_comedy_movies/">Top 100 Comedy movies from Rottentomatoes</a></li></ul> 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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Film_genres" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Film_genres" title="Template:Film genres"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Film_genres" title="Template talk:Film genres"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Film_genres" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Film genres"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Film_genres" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">Film</a> <a href="/wiki/Film_genre" title="Film genre">genres</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By style</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_film" title="Action film">Action</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heroic_bloodshed" title="Heroic bloodshed">Heroic bloodshed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_action_cinema" title="Hong Kong action cinema">Hong Kong action</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adventure_film" title="Adventure film">Adventure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_film" title="Art film">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biographical_film" title="Biographical film">Biographical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_film_industry" title="Christian film industry">Christian</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Comedy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_comedy" title="Action comedy">Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_comedy" title="Black comedy">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_all%27italiana" title="Commedia all'italiana">Commedia all'italiana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_sexy_all%27italiana" title="Commedia sexy all'italiana">Sexy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_drama" title="Comedy drama">Dramedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gross_out" title="Gross out">Gross out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_horror" title="Comedy horror">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parody_film" title="Parody film">Parody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mo_lei_tau" title="Mo lei tau">Mo lei tau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thriller_(genre)" title="Thriller (genre)">Thriller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_of_remarriage" title="Comedy of remarriage">Remarriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_comedy" title="Romantic comedy">Romantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_comedy" title="Sex comedy">Sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screwball_comedy" title="Screwball comedy">Screwball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silent_comedy" title="Silent comedy">Silent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slapstick_film" title="Slapstick film">Slapstick</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyberpunk" title="Cyberpunk">Cyberpunk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_cyberpunk" title="Japanese cyberpunk">Japanese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Documentary_film" title="Documentary film">Documentary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animated_documentary" title="Animated documentary">Animated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_symphony" title="City symphony">City symphony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docudrama" title="Docudrama">Docudrama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mockumentary" title="Mockumentary">Mockumentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mondo_film" title="Mondo film">Mondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudo-documentary" title="Pseudo-documentary">Pseudo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semidocumentary" title="Semidocumentary">Semi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_documentary" title="Travel documentary">Travel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_essay" title="Video essay">Video essay</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drama_(film_and_television)" title="Drama (film and television)">Drama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calligrafismo" title="Calligrafismo">Calligrafismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_drama" title="Comedy drama">Dramedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_drama" title="Historical drama">Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_drama" title="Legal drama">Legal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melodrama" title="Melodrama">Melodrama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_melodrama" title="Korean melodrama">Korean</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_in_film" title="Sex in film">Erotic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_sexy_all%27italiana" title="Commedia sexy all'italiana">Commedia sexy all'italiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pink_film" title="Pink film">Pink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexploitation_film" title="Sexploitation film">Sexploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_thriller" title="Erotic thriller">Thriller</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Educational_film" title="Educational film">Educational</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_guidance_film" title="Social guidance film">Social guidance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic_film" title="Epic film">Epic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sword-and-sandal" title="Sword-and-sandal">Sword-and-sandal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_film" title="Experimental film">Experimental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploitation_film" title="Exploitation film">Exploitation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Exploitation_film" title="Template:Exploitation film">see <i>Exploitation film template</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_film" title="Fantasy film">Fantasy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_comedy" title="Fantasy comedy">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_fantasy" title="Contemporary fantasy">Contemporary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantastique" title="Fantastique">Fantastique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_fantasy" title="High fantasy">High</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_fantasy" title="Historical fantasy">Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_realism" class="mw-redirect" title="Magic realism">Magic realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fantasy" title="Science fantasy">Science</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_noir" title="Film noir">Film noir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neo-noir" title="Neo-noir">Neo-noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulp_noir" title="Pulp noir">Pulp noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tech_noir" title="Tech noir">Tech noir</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_film" title="Gothic film">Gothic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_romance_film" title="Gothic romance film">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Gothic" title="Southern Gothic">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic science fiction">Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suburban_Gothic" title="Suburban Gothic">Suburban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_Gothic" title="Urban Gothic">Urban</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_film" title="Horror film">Horror</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_horror" title="Art horror">Arthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_body_horror_media" title="List of body horror media">Body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_film" title="Cannibal film">Cannibal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_horror_film" title="Chinese horror film">Chinese horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_horror" title="Christmas horror">Christmas horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_horror" title="Comedy horror">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_eco-horror_films" title="List of eco-horror films">Eco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantastique" title="Fantastique">Fantastique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Found_footage_(film_technique)" title="Found footage (film technique)">Found footage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_underground_horror" title="German underground horror">German underground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ghost_films" title="List of ghost films">Ghost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giallo" title="Giallo">Giallo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_giallo_films" title="List of giallo films">List of films</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_holiday_horror_films" title="List of holiday horror films">Holiday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_horror" title="Japanese horror">Japanese horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_horror" title="Korean horror">Korean horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovecraftian_horror" title="Lovecraftian horror">Lovecraftian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_natural_horror_films" title="List of natural horror films">Natural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Extremity" class="mw-redirect" title="New Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_in_horror_films" title="Gender in horror films">Psycho-biddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_horror" title="Psychological horror">Psychological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_horror_films" title="List of science fiction horror films">Science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slasher_film" title="Slasher film">Slasher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Splatter_film" title="Splatter film">Splatter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satanic_film" title="Satanic film">Satanic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximalist_film" title="Maximalist film">Maximalist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimalist_film" title="Minimalist film">Minimalist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumblecore" title="Mumblecore">Mumblecore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_film" title="Musical film">Musical</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthouse_musical" title="Arthouse musical">Arthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backstage_musical" title="Backstage musical">Backstage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jukebox_musical" title="Jukebox musical">Jukebox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musicarello" title="Musicarello">Musicarello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operetta_film" title="Operetta film">Operetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sceneggiata" title="Sceneggiata">Sceneggiata</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystery_film" title="Mystery film">Mystery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detective_fiction" title="Detective fiction">Detective</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Occult_detective_fiction" title="Occult detective fiction">Occult detective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whodunit" title="Whodunit">Whodunit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giallo" title="Giallo">Giallo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossover_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Crossover fiction">Crossover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornographic_film" title="Pornographic film">Pornographic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hardcore_pornography" title="Hardcore pornography">Hardcore pornography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Softcore_pornography" title="Softcore pornography">Softcore pornography</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Malayalam_softcore_pornography" title="Malayalam softcore pornography">Malayalam</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_film" title="Propaganda film">Propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reality_film" title="Reality film">Reality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_film" title="Romance film">Romantic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_comedy" title="Romantic comedy">Comedy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bromantic_comedy" title="Bromantic comedy">Bromantic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_fantasy" title="Romantic fantasy">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_romance_film" title="Gothic romance film">Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranormal_romance" title="Paranormal romance">Paranormal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_thriller" title="Romantic thriller">Thriller</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_film" title="Science fiction film">Science fiction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthouse_science_fiction_film" title="Arthouse science fiction film">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_comedy" title="Science fiction comedy">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantastique" title="Fantastique">Fantastique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fantasy" title="Science fantasy">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic science fiction">Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_horror_films" title="List of science fiction horror films">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_science_fiction" title="Military science fiction">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Wave_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="New Wave science fiction">New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_opera" title="Space opera">Space opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steampunk" title="Steampunk">Steampunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokusatsu" title="Tokusatsu">Tokusatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Western" title="Space Western">Western</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slice_of_life" title="Slice of life">Slice of life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_cinema" title="Slow cinema">Slow cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survival_film" title="Survival film">Survival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thriller_film" title="Thriller film">Thriller</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_thriller" title="Comedy thriller">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_thriller" title="Erotic thriller">Erotic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_thriller" title="Financial thriller">Financial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giallo" title="Giallo">Giallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_thriller" title="Legal thriller">Legal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Extremity" class="mw-redirect" title="New Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_thriller" title="Political thriller">Political</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_thriller" title="Psychological thriller">Psychological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_thriller" title="Romantic thriller">Romantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Techno-thriller" title="Techno-thriller">Techno</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transgressive_art" title="Transgressive art">Transgressive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Transgression" title="Cinema of Transgression">Cinema of Transgression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_cinema" title="Extreme cinema">Extreme cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Extremity" class="mw-redirect" title="New Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trick_film" title="Trick film">Trick</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By theme</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_about_animals" title="List of films about animals">Animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beach_party_film" title="Beach party film">Beach party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_swap" title="Body swap">Body swap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_film" title="Buddy film">Buddy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_cop" title="Buddy cop">Buddy cop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Female_buddy_film" title="Female buddy film">Female</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_film" title="Cannibal film">Cannibal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicano_films" title="List of Chicano films">Chicano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_cinema" title="Colonial cinema">Colonial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coming-of-age_story" title="Coming-of-age story">Coming-of-age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concert_film" title="Concert film">Concert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_film" title="Crime film">Crime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detective_fiction" title="Detective fiction">Detective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangster_film" title="Gangster film">Gangster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentleman_thief" title="Gentleman thief">Gentleman thief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gokud%C5%8D" title="Gokudō">Gokudō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gong%27an_fiction" title="Gong'an fiction">Gong'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heist_film" title="Heist film">Heist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heroic_bloodshed" title="Heroic bloodshed">Heroic bloodshed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hood_film" title="Hood film">Hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mafia_film" title="Mafia film">Mafia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mafia_comedy_film" title="Mafia comedy film">Mafia comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumbai_underworld_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Mumbai underworld film">Mumbai underworld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poliziotteschi" title="Poliziotteschi">Poliziotteschi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakuza_film" title="Yakuza film">Yakuza</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_in_film" title="Dance in film">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disaster_film" title="Disaster film">Disaster</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_apocalyptic_films" title="List of apocalyptic films">Apocalyptic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_drug_films" title="List of drug films">Drug</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Psychedelic_film" title="Psychedelic film">Psychedelic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoner_film" title="Stoner film">Stoner</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dystopian_films" title="List of dystopian films">Dystopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecchi" title="Ecchi">Ecchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economics_film" title="Economics film">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnographic_film" title="Ethnographic film">Ethnographic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploitation_film" title="Exploitation film">Exploitation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blaxploitation" title="Blaxploitation">Blaxploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexploitation" title="Mexploitation">Mexploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turksploitation" title="Turksploitation">Turksploitation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_featuring_extraterrestrials" title="List of films featuring extraterrestrials">Extraterrestrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_about_food_and_drink" title="List of films about food and drink">Food and drink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gendai-geki" title="Gendai-geki">Gendai-geki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ghost_films" title="List of ghost films">Ghost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goona-goona_epic" title="Goona-goona epic">Goona-goona epic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_film" title="Gothic film">Gothic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_romance_film" title="Gothic romance film">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic science fiction">Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suburban_Gothic" title="Suburban Gothic">Suburban</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girls_with_guns" title="Girls with guns">Girls with guns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harem_(genre)" title="Harem (genre)">Harem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hentai" title="Hentai">Hentai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lolicon" title="Lolicon">Lolicon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shotacon" title="Shotacon">Shotacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tentacle_erotica" title="Tentacle erotica">Tentacle erotica</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heimatfilm" title="Heimatfilm">Homeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isekai" title="Isekai">Isekai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jidaigeki" title="Jidaigeki">Jidaigeki</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samurai_cinema" title="Samurai cinema">Samurai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentleman_thief" title="Gentleman thief">Kaitō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_LGBTQ-related_films" title="List of LGBTQ-related films">LGBTQ</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yaoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Yaoi">Yaoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuri_(genre)" title="Yuri (genre)">Yuri</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luchador_films" title="Luchador films">Luchador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magical_girl" title="Magical girl">Magical girl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_arts_film" title="Martial arts film">Martial arts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bruceploitation" title="Bruceploitation">Bruceploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chopsocky" title="Chopsocky">Chopsocky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_fu" title="Gun fu">Gun fu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kung_fu_film" title="Kung fu film">Kung fu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ninja_films" title="List of ninja films">Ninja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuxia" title="Wuxia">Wuxia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha">Mecha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mecha_anime_and_manga" title="Mecha anime and manga">Anime</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monster_movie" title="Monster movie">Monster</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_featuring_giant_monsters" title="List of films featuring giant monsters">Giant monster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiju" title="Kaiju">Kaiju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mummy_films" title="List of mummy films">Mummy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vampire_film" title="Vampire film">Vampire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_zombie_films" title="List of zombie films">Zombie</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zombie_comedy" title="Zombie comedy">Zombie comedy</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_film" title="Mountain film">Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_da_Boca_do_Lixo" title="Cinema da Boca do Lixo">Mouth of Garbage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_social" title="Muslim social">Muslim social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nature_documentary" title="Nature documentary">Nature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_environmental_films" title="List of environmental films">Environmental issues</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opera_film" title="Opera film">Opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outlaw_biker_film" title="Outlaw biker film">Outlaw biker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozploitation" title="Ozploitation">Ozploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partisan_film" title="Partisan film">Partisan film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prison_film" title="Prison film">Prison</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_prison_film" title="Women in prison film">Women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_film" title="Race film">Race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_and_revenge_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Rape and revenge film">Rape and revenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_movie" title="Road movie">Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%BCmmerfilm" title="Trümmerfilm">Rubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumberas_film" title="Rumberas film">Rumberas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexploitation_film" title="Sexploitation film">Sexploitation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bavarian_porn" title="Bavarian porn">Bavarian porn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_sexy_all%27italiana" title="Commedia sexy all'italiana">Commedia sexy all'italiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_sex_comedy" title="Mexican sex comedy">Mexican sex comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_exploitation" title="Nazi exploitation">Nazi exploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornochanchada" title="Pornochanchada">Pornochanchada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunsploitation" title="Nunsploitation">Nunsploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_report_film" title="Sex report film">Sex report</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoshimin-eiga" title="Shoshimin-eiga">Shoshimin-eiga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_featuring_slavery" title="List of films featuring slavery">Slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slice_of_life" title="Slice of life">Slice of life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snuff_film" title="Snuff film">Snuff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Seas_genre" title="South Seas genre">South Seas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_film" title="Sports film">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spy_film" title="Spy film">Spy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurospy_film" title="Eurospy film">Eurospy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superhero_film" title="Superhero film">Superhero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surf_film" title="Surf film">Surfing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swashbuckler_film" title="Swashbuckler film">Swashbuckler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword-and-sandal" title="Sword-and-sandal">Sword-and-sandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword_and_sorcery" title="Sword and sorcery">Sword and sorcery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_documentary" title="Travel documentary">Travel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imaginary_voyage" title="Imaginary voyage">imaginary voyage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trial_film" title="Trial film">Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vigilante_film" title="Vigilante film">Vigilante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_film" title="War film">War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_anti-war_films" title="List of anti-war films">Anti-war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_War" title="Euro War">Euro War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_films" title="Submarine films">Submarine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_film" title="Western film">Western</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acid_Western" title="Acid Western">Acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Western" title="Contemporary Western">Contemporary Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacoit_Western" class="mw-redirect" title="Dacoit Western">Dacoit Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_Western" class="mw-redirect" title="Fantasy Western">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida_Western" title="Florida Western">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_Western" title="Horror Western">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Western" title="Australian Western">Meat pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_(genre)" title="Northern (genre)">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostern" title="Ostern">Ostern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revisionist_Western" title="Revisionist Western">Revisionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_Western" title="Science fiction Western">Science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singing_cowboy" title="Singing cowboy">Singing cowboy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Western" title="Space Western">Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaghetti_Western" title="Spaghetti Western">Spaghetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weird_West" title="Weird West">Weird Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zapata_Western" class="mw-redirect" title="Zapata Western">Zapata Western</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By movement <br /> or period</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Absolute_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Absolute film">Absolute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_eccentric_cinema" title="American eccentric cinema">American eccentric cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Objectivity_(filmmaking)" title="New Objectivity (filmmaking)">New Objectivity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_New_Wave" title="Australian New Wave">Australian New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auteur" title="Auteur">Auteur films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_School_(filmmaking)" title="Berlin School (filmmaking)">Berlin School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourekas_film" title="Bourekas film">Bourekas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton_School_(filmmaking)" title="Brighton School (filmmaking)">Brighton School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_New_Wave" title="British New Wave">British New Wave</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen_sink_realism" title="Kitchen sink realism">Kitchen sink realism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_school" title="Budapest school">Budapest school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calligrafismo" title="Calligrafismo">Calligrafismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_film" title="Cannibal film">Cannibal boom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cin%C3%A9ma_du_look" title="Cinéma du look">Cinéma du look</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_Novo" title="Cinema Novo">Cinema Novo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Transgression" title="Cinema of Transgression">Cinema of Transgression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cin%C3%A9ma_pur" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinéma pur">Cinéma pur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_all%27italiana" title="Commedia all'italiana">Commedia all'italiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_New_Wave" title="Czechoslovak New Wave">Czechoslovak New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Documentary_Film_Movement" title="Documentary Film Movement">Documentary Film Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogme_95" title="Dogme 95">Dogme 95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erra_Cinema" class="mw-redirect" title="Erra Cinema">Erra Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_art_cinema" title="European art cinema">European art cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_d%27art" title="Film d'art">Film d'art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_gris" title="Film gris">Film gris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Cinema" title="Free Cinema">Free Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_New_Wave" title="French New Wave">French New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_expressionist_cinema" title="German expressionist cinema">German Expressionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_underground_horror" title="German underground horror">German underground horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Nigerian_Cinema" title="Golden Age of Nigerian Cinema">Nigerian Golden Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grupo_Cine_Liberaci%C3%B3n" title="Grupo Cine Liberación">Grupo Cine Liberación</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heimatfilm" title="Heimatfilm">Heimatfilm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollywood_on_the_Tiber" title="Hollywood on the Tiber">Hollywood on the Tiber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_New_Wave" title="Hong Kong New Wave">Hong Kong New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiewood" title="Indiewood">Indiewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_New_Wave" title="Iranian New Wave">Iranian New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_futurism_in_cinema" title="Italian futurism in cinema">Italian futurist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_neorealism" title="Italian neorealism">Italian neorealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_New_Wave" title="Japanese New Wave">Japanese New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kammerspielfilm" title="Kammerspielfilm">Kammerspielfilm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L.A._Rebellion" title="L.A. Rebellion">L.A. Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lettrism" title="Lettrism">Lettrist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernist_film" title="Modernist film">Modernist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumblecore" title="Mumblecore">Mumblecore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neorealism_(art)" title="Neorealism (art)">Neorealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Extremity" class="mw-redirect" title="New Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_German_Cinema" title="New German Cinema">New German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_generation_(Malayalam_film_movement)" title="New generation (Malayalam film movement)">New generation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hollywood" title="New Hollywood">New Hollywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Nigerian_Cinema" title="New Nigerian Cinema">New Nollywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_queer_cinema" title="New queer cinema">New Queer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_Wave_Cinema" class="mw-redirect" title="No Wave Cinema">No wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuevo_Cine_Mexicano" title="Nuevo Cine Mexicano">Nuevo Cine Mexicano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Indian_film" title="Pan-Indian film">Pan-Indian film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_cinema" title="Parallel cinema">Parallel cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filmfarsi" title="Filmfarsi">Persian Film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poetic_realism" title="Poetic realism">Poetic realist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Film_School" title="Polish Film School">Polish Film School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poliziotteschi" title="Poliziotteschi">Poliziotteschi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Prague_film_school" title="The Prague film school">The Prague film school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prussian_film" title="Prussian film">Prussian film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pure_Film_Movement" title="Pure Film Movement">Pure Film Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remodernist_film" title="Remodernist film">Remodernist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_New_Wave" title="Romanian New Wave">Romanian New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_cinema" title="Slow cinema">Slow cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaghetti_Western" title="Spaghetti Western">Spaghetti Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_realism" title="Socialist realism">Socialist realist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_realism" title="Social realism">Social realist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen_sink_realism" title="Kitchen sink realism">Kitchen sink realism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_parallel_cinema" title="Soviet parallel cinema">Soviet parallel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structural_film" title="Structural film">Structural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrealist_cinema" title="Surrealist cinema">Surrealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword-and-sandal" title="Sword-and-sandal">Sword-and-sandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telefoni_Bianchi" title="Telefoni Bianchi">Telefoni Bianchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Cinema" title="Third Cinema">Third Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_New_Wave" title="Toronto New Wave">Toronto New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulgar_auteurism" title="Vulgar auteurism">Vulgar auteurism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Black_Wave" title="Yugoslav Black Wave">Yugoslav Black Wave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By demographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pornographic_film" title="Pornographic film">Adult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_film" title="Black film">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_film" title="Children's film">Children and family</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_anime_and_manga" title="Children's anime and manga">Anime</a></li></ul></li> <li>Men <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seinen_manga" title="Seinen manga">Seinen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stag_film" title="Stag film">Stag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teen_film" title="Teen film">Teen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dnen_manga" title="Shōnen manga">Shōnen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Djo_manga" title="Shōjo manga">Shōjo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woman%27s_film" title="Woman's film">Women</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chick_flick" title="Chick flick">Chick flick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josei_manga" title="Josei manga">Josei</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By format,<br /> technique,<br /> approach,<br /> or production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3D_film" title="3D film">3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actuality_film" title="Actuality film">Actuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animation" title="Animation">Animation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anime" title="Anime">Anime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthouse_animation" title="Arthouse animation">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animated_cartoon" class="mw-redirect" title="Animated cartoon">Cartoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_animation" title="Computer animation">Computer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stop_motion" title="Stop motion">Stop-motion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_animation" title="Traditional animation">Traditional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthology_film" title="Anthology film">Anthology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_film" title="Art film">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B_movie" title="B movie">B movie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Behind-the-scenes" title="Behind-the-scenes">Behind-the-scenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-and-white" title="Black-and-white">Black-and-white</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockbuster_(entertainment)" title="Blockbuster (entertainment)">Blockbuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cin%C3%A9ma_v%C3%A9rit%C3%A9" title="Cinéma vérité">Cinéma vérité</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Hollywood_cinema" title="Classical Hollywood cinema">Classical Hollywood cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collage_film" title="Collage film">Collage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_motion_picture_film" title="Color motion picture film">Color</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compilation_film" title="Compilation film">Compilation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Composite_film" title="Composite film">Composite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screenlife" title="Screenlife">Computer screen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cult_film" title="Cult film">Cult</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Midnight_movie" title="Midnight movie">midnight movie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Database_cinema" title="Database cinema">Database cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docufiction" title="Docufiction">Docufiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnofiction" title="Ethnofiction">Ethnofiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_film" title="Experimental film">Experimental</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abstract_animation" class="mw-redirect" title="Abstract animation">Abstract</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feature_film" title="Feature film">Feature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Featurette" title="Featurette">Featurette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_%C3%A0_clef" title="Film à clef">Film à clef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film-poem" title="Film-poem">Film-poem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Found_footage_(film_technique)" title="Found footage (film technique)">Found footage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperlink_cinema" title="Hyperlink cinema">Hyperlink cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_film" title="Independent film">Independent</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_filmmaking" title="Guerrilla filmmaking">Guerrilla filmmaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_independent_films" title="List of American independent films">List of American independent films</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstitial_art" title="Interstitial art">Interstitial art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_action" title="Live action">Live action</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_with_live_action_and_animation" title="List of films with live action and animation">animation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low-budget_film" title="Low-budget film">Low-budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_film_studios" title="Major film studios">Major film studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masala_film" title="Masala film">Masala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximalist_film" title="Maximalist film">Maximalist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Message_picture" title="Message picture">Message picture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metacinema" title="Metacinema">Meta-film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimalist_film" title="Minimalist film">Minimalist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mockbuster" title="Mockbuster">Mockbuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernist_film" title="Modernist film">Modernist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_short" title="Musical short">Musical short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mythopoeia" title="Mythopoeia">Mythopoeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neorealism_(art)" title="Neorealism (art)">Neorealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No-budget_film" title="No-budget film">No-budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-shot_film" title="One-shot film">One-shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paracinema" title="Paracinema">Paracinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Participatory_cinema" title="Participatory cinema">Participatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poetry_film" title="Poetry film">Poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmodernist_film" title="Postmodernist film">Postmodernist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverse_motion" title="Reverse motion">Reverse motion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satire_(film_and_television)" title="Satire (film and television)">Satire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sceneggiata" title="Sceneggiata">Sceneggiata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semidocumentary" title="Semidocumentary">Semidocumentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_film" title="Serial film">Serial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinpa" title="Shinpa">Shinpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_film" title="Short film">Short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silent_film" title="Silent film">Silent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_cinema" title="Slow cinema">Slow cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_realism" title="Socialist realism">Socialist realist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_film" title="Sound film">Sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underground_film" title="Underground film">Underground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_nasty" title="Video nasty">Video nasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulgar_auteurism" title="Vulgar auteurism">Vulgar auteurism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z_movie" title="Z movie">Z movie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Film_genres" title="Category:Film genres">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Lists_of_films_by_genre_and_themes" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Films_by_genre" title="Template:Films by genre"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Films_by_genre" title="Template talk:Films by genre"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Films_by_genre" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Films by genre"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lists_of_films_by_genre_and_themes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Lists of <a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">films</a> by <a href="/wiki/Film_genre" title="Film genre">genre</a> and themes</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_action_films" title="Lists of action films">Action</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_martial_arts_films" title="List of martial arts films">Martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mixed_martial_arts_films" title="List of mixed martial arts films">Mixed martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ninja_films" title="List of ninja films">Ninja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vigilante_film" title="Vigilante film">Vigilante</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_adventure_films" title="Lists of adventure films">Adventure</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pirate_films" class="mw-redirect" title="List of pirate films">Pirate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swashbuckler_film#Notable_films" title="Swashbuckler film">Swashbuckler</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_animated_feature_films" class="mw-redirect" title="Lists of animated feature films">Animation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_avant-garde_films" title="Lists of avant-garde films">Avant-garde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_biographical_films" title="List of biographical films">Biographical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_blaxploitation_films" title="List of blaxploitation films">Blaxploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_children%27s_films" title="List of children's films">Children's</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_children%27s_animated_films" title="List of children's animated films">Animation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_films" title="List of Christian films">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_comedy_films" title="Lists of comedy films">Comedy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_Parody_films" class="mw-redirect" title="Lists of Parody films">Parody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slapstick_film" title="Slapstick film">Slapstick</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concert_film" title="Concert film">Concert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_crime_films" title="Lists of crime films">Crime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heist_film" title="Heist film">Heist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_disaster_films" title="List of disaster films">Disaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_documentary_films" title="List of documentary films">Documentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_drama_films" title="List of drama films">Drama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_economics_films" title="List of economics films">Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_historical_drama_films_and_series_set_in_Near_Eastern_and_Western_civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="List of historical drama films and series set in Near Eastern and Western civilization">Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_featuring_slavery" title="List of films featuring slavery">Slavery</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_erotic_films" title="Lists of erotic films">Erotic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_fantasy_films" title="Lists of fantasy films">Fantasy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sword_and_sorcery_films" title="List of sword and sorcery films">Sword and sorcery</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_horror_films" title="Lists of horror films">Horror</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_film" title="Cannibal film">Cannibal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evil_clown" title="Evil clown">Clowns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_comedy_horror_films" title="List of comedy horror films">Comedy horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_disaster_films" title="List of disaster films">Disaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_eco-horror_films" title="List of eco-horror films">Eco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ghost_films" title="List of ghost films">Ghosts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holiday_horror" class="mw-redirect" title="Holiday horror">Holiday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mummy_films" title="List of mummy films">Mummy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_natural_horror_films" title="List of natural horror films">Natural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satanic_film" title="Satanic film">Satanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killer_toy" title="Killer toy">Toys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vampire_films" title="List of vampire films">Vampire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_zombie_films" title="List of zombie films">Zombie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_LGBTQ-related_films" title="Lists of LGBTQ-related films">LGBTQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_melodrama_films" title="List of melodrama films">Melodrama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mockumentaries" title="List of mockumentaries">Mockumentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monster_movies" title="List of monster movies">Monster</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaiju" title="Kaiju">Kaiju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_featuring_giant_monsters" title="List of films featuring giant monsters">Giant-monster</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_musical_films_by_year" title="List of musical films by year">Musical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mystery_films" title="List of mystery films">Mystery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_film_noir_titles" title="List of film noir titles">Noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_neo-noir_films" title="List of neo-noir films">Neo-noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prison_films" title="List of prison films">Prison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_religious_films" title="List of religious films">Religious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_romance_films" title="List of romance films">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_romantic_comedy_films" title="List of romantic comedy films">Romantic comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_satirical_films" title="List of satirical films">Satire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_science_fiction_films" title="Lists of science fiction films">Science fiction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_apocalyptic_films" title="List of apocalyptic films">Apocalyptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_swap_appearances_in_media#Films" title="Body swap appearances in media">Body swap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dystopian_films" title="List of dystopian films">Dystopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_featuring_extraterrestrials" title="List of films featuring extraterrestrials">Extraterrestrials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_action_films" title="List of science fiction action films">Sci-fi action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_comedy_films" title="List of science fiction comedy films">Sci-fi comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_horror_films" title="List of science fiction horror films">Sci-fi horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_superhero_films" title="List of American superhero films">Superhero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_time_travel_works_of_fiction#Time_travel_in_films" title="List of time travel works of fiction">Time travel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spy_film#Films" title="Spy film">Spy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sports_films" title="List of sports films">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_teen_films" title="List of teen films">Teen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_thriller_films" title="Lists of thriller films">Thriller</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_erotic_thriller_films" title="List of erotic thriller films">Erotic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_thriller" title="Legal thriller">Legal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_war_films_and_TV_specials" title="List of war films and TV specials">War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_anti-war_films" title="List of anti-war films">Anti-war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_films" title="Submarine films">Submarine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_Western_films" title="Lists of Western films">Western</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Euro-Western_films" title="List of Euro-Western films">Euro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_spaghetti_Westerns" title="List of spaghetti Westerns">Spaghetti</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Comedy" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Comedy_footer" title="Template:Comedy footer"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Comedy_footer" title="Template talk:Comedy footer"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Comedy_footer" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Comedy footer"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Comedy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Comedy" title="Comedy">Comedy</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comedian" title="Comedian">Comedian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedic_device" title="Comedic device">Comedic device</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_festival" title="Comedy festival">Comedy festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_troupe" title="Comedy troupe">Comedy troupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comic_timing" title="Comic timing">Comic timing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farce" title="Farce">Farce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humorist" title="Humorist">Humorist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humour" title="Humour">Humour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impersonator" title="Impersonator">Impersonator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impressionist_(entertainment)" title="Impressionist (entertainment)">Impressionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irony" title="Irony">Irony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joke" title="Joke">Joke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prank_call" title="Prank call">Prank call</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punch_line" title="Punch line">Punch line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">Satire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_gag" title="Visual gag">Visual gag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wit" title="Wit">Wit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Word_play" title="Word play">Word play</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Film</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_comedy_films" title="American comedy films">American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_comedy_films" title="British comedy films">British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_comedy_films" title="French comedy films">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_all%27italiana" title="Commedia all'italiana">Italian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Genre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_comedy" title="Action comedy">Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_comedy" title="Fantasy comedy">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_horror" title="Comedy horror">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mockumentary" title="Mockumentary">Mockumentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parody_film" title="Parody film">Parody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_of_remarriage" title="Comedy of remarriage">Remarriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_comedy" title="Romantic comedy">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_comedy" title="Science fiction comedy">Science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screwball_comedy" title="Screwball comedy">Screwball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_comedy" title="Sex comedy">Sex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_sexy_all%27italiana" title="Commedia sexy all'italiana">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_sex_comedy" title="Mexican sex comedy">Mexican</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silent_comedy" title="Silent comedy">Silent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slapstick_film" title="Slapstick film">Slapstick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoner_film" title="Stoner film">Stoner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_thriller" title="Comedy thriller">Thriller</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Comedy_(drama)" title="Comedy (drama)">Theatre</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_comedy" title="Ancient Greek comedy">Ancient Greek comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Com%C3%A9die-Fran%C3%A7aise" title="Comédie-Française">Comédie-Française</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Com%C3%A9die-Italienne" title="Comédie-Italienne">Comédie-Italienne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corral_de_comedias" title="Corral de comedias">Corral de comedias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_ancient_Rome" title="Theatre of ancient Rome">Theatre of ancient Rome</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_comedy" title="Chinese comedy">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xiangsheng" title="Xiangsheng">Xiangsheng</a></li></ul></li> <li>Hong Kong <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mo_lei_tau" title="Mo lei tau">Mo lei tau</a></li></ul></li> <li>Indonesia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lenong" title="Lenong">Lenong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludruk" title="Ludruk">Ludruk</a></li></ul></li> <li>Japan <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%8Dgen" title="Kyōgen">Kyōgen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manzai" title="Manzai">Manzai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owarai" title="Owarai">Owarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rakugo" title="Rakugo">Rakugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarugaku" title="Sarugaku">Sarugaku</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_comedy" title="Korean comedy">Korea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Genre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boulevard_theatre_(aesthetic)" title="Boulevard theatre (aesthetic)">Boulevard theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_drama" title="Comedy drama">Comedy drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_of_humours" title="Comedy of humours">Comedy of humours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_of_manners" title="Comedy of manners">Comedy of manners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_of_menace" title="Comedy of menace">Comedy of menace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_dell%27arte" title="Commedia dell'arte">Commedia dell'arte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_act" title="Double act">Double act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Improvisational_theatre" title="Improvisational theatre">Improvisational</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macchietta" title="Macchietta">Macchietta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-person_show" class="mw-redirect" title="One-person show">One-person show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantomime" title="Pantomime">Pantomime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harlequinade" title="Harlequinade">Harlequinade</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restoration_comedy" title="Restoration comedy">Restoration comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentimental_comedy" title="Sentimental comedy">Sentimental comedy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Com%C3%A9die_larmoyante" title="Comédie larmoyante">Comédie larmoyante</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_play" title="Shadow play">Shadow play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_comedy" title="Shakespearean comedy">Shakespearean comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sketch_comedy" title="Sketch comedy">Sketch comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spex_(theatre)" title="Spex (theatre)">Spex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stand-up_comedy" title="Stand-up comedy">Stand-up comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_theatre" title="Street theatre">Street theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_the_Absurd" class="mw-redirect" title="Theatre of the Absurd">Theatre of the Absurd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tragicomedy" title="Tragicomedy">Tragicomedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaudeville" title="Vaudeville">Vaudeville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Music<br />and dance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballad_opera" title="Ballad opera">Ballad opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabaret" title="Cabaret">Cabaret</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9-chantant" title="Café-chantant">Café-chantant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9-th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre" title="Café-théâtre">Café-théâtre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Com%C3%A9die-ballet" title="Comédie-ballet">Comédie-ballet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_club" title="Comedy club">Comedy club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_music" title="Light music">Light music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_hall" title="Music hall">Music hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_theatre" title="Musical theatre">Musical theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ra_bouffe" title="Opéra bouffe">Opéra bouffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ra_bouffon" title="Opéra bouffon">Opéra bouffon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opera_buffa" title="Opera buffa">Opera buffa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ra_comique" title="Opéra comique">Opéra comique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operetta" title="Operetta">Operetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revue" title="Revue">Revue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_music" title="Comedy music">Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_album" title="Comedy album">Album</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_rock" title="Comedy rock">Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_hip_hop" title="Comedy hip hop">Hip hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parody_music" title="Parody music">Parody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_musical_comedians" title="List of musical comedians">Musical comedians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comic_novel" title="Comic novel">Novel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_comedy" title="Radio comedy">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_comedy" title="Television comedy">Television</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mockumentary" title="Mockumentary">Mockumentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roast_(comedy)" title="Roast (comedy)">Roast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitcom" title="Sitcom">Sitcom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animated_sitcom" title="Animated sitcom">Animated sitcom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_sitcom" title="Black sitcom">Black sitcom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teen_sitcom" title="Teen sitcom">Teen sitcom</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Comedic_genres" title="Comedic genres">Subgenres</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_comedy" title="Alternative comedy">Alternative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_comedy" title="Black comedy">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ribaldry" title="Ribaldry">Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Character_comedy" title="Character comedy">Character</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_comedy" title="Christian comedy">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clown" title="Clown">Clown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cringe_comedy" title="Cringe comedy">Cringe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deadpan" title="Deadpan">Deadpan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Documentary_comedy" title="Documentary comedy">Documentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_comedy" title="High comedy">High</a> / <a href="/wiki/Low_comedy" title="Low comedy">low</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insult_comedy" title="Insult comedy">Insult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Observational_comedy" title="Observational comedy">Observational</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physical_comedy" title="Physical comedy">Physical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prop_comedy" title="Prop comedy">Prop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-referential_humor" title="Self-referential humor">Self-referential</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shock_humour" title="Shock humour">Shock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sick_comedy" title="Sick comedy">Sick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slapstick" title="Slapstick">Slapstick</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_slapstick_comedy_topics" title="List of slapstick comedy topics">Topics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surreal_humour" title="Surreal humour">Surreal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventriloquism" title="Ventriloquism">Ventriloquism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zombie_comedy" title="Zombie comedy">Zombie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Comedy" title="Category:Comedy">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Comedy" title="Portal:Comedy">Portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link 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href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157443#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4154364-6">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85028846">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Comédies (cinéma)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12518788m">France</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Comédies (cinéma)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12518788m">BnF data</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="filmové komedie"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph114536&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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