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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Beginnings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beginnings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Beginnings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beginnings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Movie_theaters_and_film_festivals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Movie_theaters_and_film_festivals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Movie theaters and film festivals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Movie_theaters_and_film_festivals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recent_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recent_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Recent years</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recent_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_highest-grossing_Christian_films" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_highest-grossing_Christian_films"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>List of highest-grossing Christian films</span> </div> 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85_%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AD%DB%8C" title="فیلم مسیحی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فیلم مسیحی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrie_cin%C3%A9matographique_chr%C3%A9tienne" title="Industrie cinématographique chrétienne – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Industrie cinématographique chrétienne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%87" title="السينما المسيحيه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="السينما المسيحيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ind%C3%BAstria_cinematogr%C3%A1fica_crist%C3%A3" title="Indústria cinematográfica cristã – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Indústria cinematográfica cristã" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_cre%C8%99tin" title="Film creștin – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Film creștin" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%95%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C_%D9%85%DB%95%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AD%DB%8C" title="پیشەسازیی فیلمی مەسیحی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پیشەسازیی فیلمی مەسیحی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AD%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%B9%D8%AA" title="مسیحی فلمی صنعت – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مسیحی فلمی صنعت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background:lavender;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Christian_culture" title="Category:Christian culture">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:lavender;"><a href="/wiki/Christian_culture" title="Christian culture">Christian culture</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><figure class="noresize mw-ext-imagemap-desc-bottom-right" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Collage-Christian-culture.jpg/250px-Collage-Christian-culture.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="266" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Collage-Christian-culture.jpg/375px-Collage-Christian-culture.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Collage-Christian-culture.jpg/500px-Collage-Christian-culture.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1123" data-file-height="1193" usemap="#ImageMap_742b352ad57c8de2" resource="/wiki/File:Collage-Christian-culture.jpg" /></span><map name="ImageMap_742b352ad57c8de2"><area href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Center_Christmas_Tree" shape="rect" coords="0,0,51,53" alt="Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree" title="Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree" /><area href="/wiki/Cyril_and_Methodius" shape="rect" coords="51,0,102,53" alt="Cyril and Methodius" title="Cyril and Methodius" /><area href="/wiki/Saint_George" shape="rect" coords="102,0,154,53" alt="Saint George" title="Saint George" /><area href="/wiki/The_Creation_of_Adam" shape="rect" coords="154,0,205,53" alt="The Creation of Adam (Michelangelo)" title="The Creation of Adam (Michelangelo)" /><area href="/wiki/Piet%C3%A0_(Michelangelo)" shape="rect" coords="201,0,256,53" alt="Pietà (Michelangelo)" title="Pietà (Michelangelo)" /><area href="/wiki/Reformation_Wall" shape="rect" coords="0,53,49,107" alt="Reformation Wall" title="Reformation Wall" /><area href="/wiki/Mystery_of_Crowning" shape="rect" coords="51,53,102,107" alt="Mystery of Crowning" title="Mystery of Crowning" /><area href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_politics" shape="rect" coords="102,53,154,107" alt="John Paul II with Bill Clinton" title="John Paul II with Bill Clinton" /><area href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" shape="rect" coords="154,53,205,107" alt="Martin Luther" title="Martin Luther" /><area href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" shape="rect" coords="201,53,256,107" alt="Thomas Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas" /><area href="/wiki/Trinity_(Andrei_Rublev)" shape="rect" coords="0,107,51,160" alt="Trinity (Andrei Rublev)" title="Trinity (Andrei Rublev)" /><area href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesus_in_art" shape="rect" coords="51,107,102,160" alt="Nativity scene at Cologne Cathedral" title="Nativity scene at Cologne Cathedral" /><area href="/wiki/Trevi_Fountain" shape="rect" coords="102,107,154,160" alt="Trevi Fountain" title="Trevi Fountain" /><area href="/wiki/Gutenberg_Bible" shape="rect" coords="154,107,205,160" alt="Gutenberg Bible" title="Gutenberg Bible" /><area href="/wiki/Christ_the_Redeemer_(statue)" shape="rect" coords="201,107,256,160" alt="Christ the Redeemer" title="Christ the Redeemer" /><area href="/wiki/Clerical_marriage" shape="rect" coords="0,160,51,214" alt="Eastern Catholic priest from Romania with his family" title="Eastern Catholic priest from Romania with his family" /><area href="/wiki/Boston_College" shape="rect" coords="51,160,102,214" alt="Boston College" title="Boston College" /><area href="/wiki/Rosary" shape="rect" coords="102,160,154,214" alt="Rosary" title="Rosary" /><area href="/wiki/Saint_Basil%27s_Cathedral" shape="rect" coords="154,160,205,214" alt="Saint Basil's Cathedral" title="Saint Basil's Cathedral" /><area href="/wiki/Georges_Lema%C3%AEtre" shape="rect" coords="201,160,256,214" alt="Georges Lemaître" title="Georges Lemaître" /><area href="/wiki/Notre-Dame_de_Paris" shape="rect" coords="0,214,51,265" alt="Notre-Dame de Paris" title="Notre-Dame de Paris" /><area href="/wiki/Christmas_dinner" shape="rect" coords="51,214,102,265" alt="Danish Christmas dinner" title="Danish Christmas dinner" /><area href="/wiki/Freiburg_Cathedral_Boys%27_Choir" shape="rect" coords="102,214,154,265" alt="Freiburg Cathedral Boys' Choir" title="Freiburg Cathedral Boys' Choir" /><area href="/wiki/Armenian_illuminated_manuscripts" shape="rect" coords="154,214,205,265" alt="Armenian illuminated manuscript" title="Armenian illuminated manuscript" /><area href="/wiki/Carnival_of_Venice" shape="rect" coords="201,214,256,265" alt="Entertainers at the Carnival of Venice" title="Entertainers at the Carnival of Venice" /></map><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;;background:lavender;padding:0.2em;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_culture" title="Christian culture">Christian culture</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_tradition" title="Christian tradition">Christian tradition</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Christianity" title="Eastern Christianity">Eastern Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Christianity" title="Western Christianity">Western Christianity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine culture">Byzantine culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_culture" title="Protestant culture">Protestant culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_year" title="Liturgical year">Holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" class="mw-redirect" title="Culture of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">Mormon culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Christian" class="mw-redirect" title="Cultural Christian">Cultural Christian</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;;background:lavender;padding:0.2em;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_art" title="Christian art">Art</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_symbolism" title="Christian symbolism">Christian symbolism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Christian_art_and_architecture" title="Early Christian art and architecture">Early art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_art" title="Catholic art">Catholic art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheran_art" title="Lutheran art">Lutheran art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_architecture" title="Church architecture">Church architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icon" title="Icon">Icons</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;;background:lavender;padding:0.2em;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_media" title="Christian media">Media</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Film industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_radio" title="Christian radio">Radio formats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_video_game" title="Christian video game">Video games</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;;background:lavender;padding:0.2em;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_literature" title="Christian literature">Literature</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Catholic_literature" title="American Catholic literature">American Catholic literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bible_fiction" title="Bible fiction">Bible fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_drama" title="Christian drama">Christian drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_poetry" title="Christian poetry">Christian poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_novel" title="Christian novel">Christian novel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_science_fiction" title="Christian science fiction">Christian science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_autobiography" title="Spiritual autobiography">Spiritual autobiography</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;;background:lavender;padding:0.2em;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_music" title="Christian music">Music</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Christian_music" title="Contemporary Christian music">CCM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_music" title="Christmas music">Christmas music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_music" title="Church music">Church music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_music" title="Gospel music">Gospel music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_music" title="Liturgical music">Liturgical music</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;;background:lavender;padding:0.2em;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_science" title="Christianity and science">Science</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christians_in_science_and_technology" title="List of Christians in science and technology">List of Christian scientists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merton_thesis" title="Merton thesis">Merton thesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_Nobel_laureates" title="List of Christian Nobel laureates">List of Christian Nobel laureates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_science" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Church and science">Catholic Church and science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parson-naturalist" title="Parson-naturalist">Parson-naturalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quakers_in_science" title="Quakers in science">Quakers in science</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;;background:lavender;padding:0.2em;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christianity" title="History of Christianity">History</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Role_of_Christianity_in_civilization" title="Role of Christianity in civilization">Christianity in civilization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christianity" title="History of Christianity">Christian history</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="History of the Catholic Church">Catholic history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="History of the Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_influences_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian influences in Islam">Christian influences in Islam</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Christian_culture" title="Template:Christian culture"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Christian_culture" title="Template talk:Christian culture"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Christian_culture" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Christian culture"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Christian film industry</b> is an aspect of <a href="/wiki/Christian_media" title="Christian media">Christian media</a> for <a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">films</a> containing a <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a>-themed message or moral. They are often <a href="/wiki/Ecumenism" title="Ecumenism">interdenominational</a> films, but can also be films targeting a specific <a href="/wiki/Christian_denomination" title="Christian denomination">denomination</a> of Christianity. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criteria">Criteria</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_film_industry&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Criteria"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Popular mainstream studio productions of films with strong Christian messages or <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Biblical</a> stories, such as <i><a href="/wiki/Ben-Hur_(1959_film)" title="Ben-Hur (1959 film)">Ben-Hur</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Ten_Commandments_(1956_film)" title="The Ten Commandments (1956 film)">The Ten Commandments</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Prince_of_Egypt" title="The Prince of Egypt">The Prince of Egypt</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Robe_(film)" title="The Robe (film)">The Robe</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Sergeant_York_(film)" title="Sergeant York (film)">Sergeant York</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Blind_Side_(film)" title="The Blind Side (film)">The Blind Side</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_Eli" title="The Book of Eli">The Book of Eli</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Machine_Gun_Preacher" title="Machine Gun Preacher">Machine Gun Preacher</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Risen_(2016_film)" title="Risen (2016 film)">Risen</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Hacksaw_Ridge" title="Hacksaw Ridge">Hacksaw Ridge</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Silence_(2016_film)" title="Silence (2016 film)">Silence</a></i>, are not specifically part of the Christian film industry, being more <a href="/wiki/Agnosticism" title="Agnosticism">agnostic</a> about their audiences' religious beliefs. These films generally also have a much higher budget, production values and better known <a href="/wiki/Movie_star" title="Movie star">film stars</a>, and are received more favourably with <a href="/wiki/Film_criticism" title="Film criticism">film critics</a>. </p><p>Many films from the Christian film industry are produced by openly confessing <a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christians</a> in independent companies mainly targeting a Christian audience. This has been on the rise since the success of <a href="/wiki/Sherwood_Pictures" title="Sherwood Pictures">Sherwood Pictures</a> whose <i><a href="/wiki/Fireproof_(film)" title="Fireproof (film)">Fireproof</a></i> was the highest grossing <a href="/wiki/Independent_film" title="Independent film">independent film</a> of 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_film_industry&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Beginnings">Beginnings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_film_industry&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Beginnings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wymondham_magic_lantern.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Wymondham_magic_lantern.jpg/220px-Wymondham_magic_lantern.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Wymondham_magic_lantern.jpg/330px-Wymondham_magic_lantern.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Wymondham_magic_lantern.jpg/440px-Wymondham_magic_lantern.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption>Magic lantern at the <a href="/wiki/Wymondham" title="Wymondham">Wymondham</a> Museum.</figcaption></figure> <p>Catholic priest <a href="/wiki/Athanasius_Kircher" title="Athanasius Kircher">Athanasius Kircher</a> promoted the <a href="/wiki/Magic_lantern" title="Magic lantern">magic lantern</a> by publishing the book <i><a href="/wiki/Ars_Magna_Lucis_et_Umbrae" title="Ars Magna Lucis et Umbrae">Ars Magna Lucis et Umbrae</a></i> in 1680.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Controversy soon followed as <a href="/wiki/Priest" title="Priest">priests</a> and <a href="/wiki/Freemasonry" title="Freemasonry">masons</a> used the lanterns "to persuade followers of their ability to control both the forces of darkness and enlightenment" and temperance groups used the lanterns to fight <a href="/wiki/Alcoholism" title="Alcoholism">alcoholism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1800s, <a href="/wiki/Missionary" title="Missionary">missionaries</a> such as <a href="/wiki/David_Livingstone" title="David Livingstone">David Livingstone</a> used the lanterns to present the <a href="/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel">Gospel</a> in <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Through the years, many Christians began to utilize motion picture for their own purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1899, <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Booth" title="Herbert Booth">Herbert Booth</a>, as part of the <a href="/wiki/Salvation_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Salvation Army">Salvation Army</a>, claimed to be the first user of film for the cause of Christianity.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_film_industry&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 1940s, Christian film libraries emerged. Harvey W. Marks started the Visual Aid Center in 1945. Circa 1968, Harry Bristow launched Christian Cinema in a small <a href="/wiki/Theatre" title="Theatre">theater</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Germantown,_Philadelphia" title="Germantown, Philadelphia">Germantown</a> area of <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>, and in the early 1970s, the ministry moved to a theater in <a href="/wiki/Ambler,_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambler, Pennsylvania">Ambler, Pennsylvania</a>. Christian Cinema operated a movie theater that showed only Christian films, but closed down in the mid-1990s. The growth of Christian film libraries led to the Christian Film Distributors Association (CFDA) being formed in 1974. The CFDA began holding a conference each year for Christian <a href="/wiki/Filmmaking" title="Filmmaking">filmmakers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Film_distributor" title="Film distributor">distributors</a>. The Christian Film and Video Association (formerly the Christian Film Distribution Association) gave out Crown Awards for films that "glorify <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus Christ</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Williams_(actor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spencer Williams (actor)">Spencer Williams</a>'s 1941 <a href="/wiki/Race_film" title="Race film">race film</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Blood_of_Jesus" title="The Blood of Jesus">The Blood of Jesus</a></i> was screened in cinemas and in black churches.<sup id="cite_ref-VV_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VV-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film was produced in <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> on a budget of US$5,000. To present the afterlife, Williams used scenes from a 1911 <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italian</a> film called <i><a href="/wiki/L%27Inferno_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="L'Inferno (film)">L'Inferno</a></i> that depicted souls entering Heaven and in addition to Williams, the cast was made up of amateur actors and members of Reverend R. L. Robinson's Heavenly Choir, who sang the film's gospel music score.<sup id="cite_ref-VV_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VV-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film's commercial success enabled Williams to direct and write additional feature films for Sack Amusement Enterprises, including two films with religious themes: <i><a href="/wiki/Brother_Martin:_Servant_of_Jesus" title="Brother Martin: Servant of Jesus">Brother Martin: Servant of Jesus</a></i> (1942; now considered a <a href="/wiki/Lost_film" title="Lost film">lost film</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) and <i><a href="/wiki/Go_Down_Death" class="mw-redirect" title="Go Down Death">Go Down Death</a></i> (1944).<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1971 <a href="/wiki/Exploitation_film" title="Exploitation film">Christsploitation film</a> <i><a href="/wiki/If_Footmen_Tire_You,_What_Will_Horses_Do%3F" title="If Footmen Tire You, What Will Horses Do?">If Footmen Tire You, What Will Horses Do?</a></i> was based on a sermon by <a href="/wiki/Estus_Pirkle" title="Estus Pirkle">Estus Pirkle</a> held on January 31, 1968 at Camp Zion in <a href="/wiki/Myrtle,_Mississippi" title="Myrtle, Mississippi">Myrtle</a> with the title "If Footmen Tire You, What Will Horses Do?". The sermon was made available by print, and Estus W. Pirkle joined with filmmaker <a href="/wiki/Ron_Ormond" title="Ron Ormond">Ron Ormond</a> in their first collaboration, and converted the sermon into a film. The pair made a number of other films together (each being 1974's <i>The Burning Hell</i> and 1977's <i>The Believer's Heaven</i>), but this first film is the team's most well-known. The film became widely distributed among churches and church camps in the 1970s.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Movie_theaters_and_film_festivals">Movie theaters and film festivals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_film_industry&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Movie theaters and film festivals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since <i><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Commandment" title="The Great Commandment">The Great Commandment</a></i> opened in movie theaters in 1941, many Christian filmmakers have attempted to pursue theatrical releases. World Wide Pictures was a pioneer in partnering with churches to bring Christian films to the cinema. Gateway Films (now <a href="/wiki/Gateway_Films/Vision_Video" title="Gateway Films/Vision Video">Gateway Films/Vision Video</a>) was "formed with the express purpose of communicating the Christian Gospel in the secular motion picture theaters" and released <i><a href="/wiki/The_Cross_and_the_Switchblade" title="The Cross and the Switchblade">The Cross and the Switchblade</a></i> in 1972. In 1979, the <i><a href="/wiki/Jesus_(1979_film)" title="Jesus (1979 film)">Jesus</a></i> film appeared in theaters across the United States. This film, based on the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Luke" title="Gospel of Luke">Gospel of Luke</a>, was made for $6 million by <a href="/wiki/Campus_Crusade_for_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Campus Crusade for Christ">Campus Crusade for Christ</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1993, Tom Saab launched the <a href="/wiki/Merrimack_Valley_Christian_Film_Festival" title="Merrimack Valley Christian Film Festival">Merrimack Valley Christian Film Festival</a> in <a href="/wiki/Salem,_New_Hampshire" title="Salem, New Hampshire">Salem, New Hampshire</a>. Each year this festival is held during <a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Easter</a> week and draws an audience of thousands to a theater to watch Christian films for free. Saab's organization Christian Film Festivals of <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">America</a> has also presented film festivals in <a href="/wiki/Salinas,_California" title="Salinas, California">Salinas, California</a> and <a href="/wiki/Orlando,_Florida" title="Orlando, Florida">Orlando, Florida</a>. In October 1999, the Voice of Pentecost Church in <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a> hosted the 1st Annual <a href="/wiki/WYSIWYG_Film_Festival" class="mw-redirect" title="WYSIWYG Film Festival">WYSIWYG Film Festival</a>. Other Christian film festivals include <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio_Independent_Christian_Film_Festival" title="San Antonio Independent Christian Film Festival">San Antonio Independent Christian Film Festival</a>, <a href="/wiki/168_Hour_Film_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="168 Hour Film Project">168 Hour Film Project</a>, and the Redemptive Film Festival. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recent_years">Recent years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_film_industry&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Recent years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ChristianCinema.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/ChristianCinema.png" decoding="async" width="109" height="32" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="109" data-file-height="32" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/ChristianCinema.com" title="ChristianCinema.com">ChristianCinema.com</a> is a website that lists movies related to Christianity.</figcaption></figure> <p>Many Christian films have been released to theaters since that time, such as <i><a href="/wiki/The_Omega_Code" title="The Omega Code">The Omega Code</a></i> (1999), <i><a href="/wiki/Megiddo:_The_Omega_Code_2" title="Megiddo: The Omega Code 2">Megiddo: The Omega Code 2</a></i> (2001), <i><a href="/wiki/Jonah:_A_VeggieTales_Movie" title="Jonah: A VeggieTales Movie">Jonah: A VeggieTales Movie</a></i> (2002), <i><a href="/wiki/Facing_the_Giants" title="Facing the Giants">Facing the Giants</a></i> (2006), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Ultimate_Gift" title="The Ultimate Gift">The Ultimate Gift</a></i> (2007), <i><a href="/wiki/Amazing_Grace_(2006_film)" title="Amazing Grace (2006 film)">Amazing Grace</a></i> (2007), the CGI animated version of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Ten_Commandments_(2007_film)" title="The Ten Commandments (2007 film)">The Ten Commandments</a></i> (2007),<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Fireproof_(film)" title="Fireproof (film)">Fireproof</a></i> (2008), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Secrets_of_Jonathan_Sperry" title="The Secrets of Jonathan Sperry">The Secrets of Jonathan Sperry</a></i> (2009), <i><a href="/wiki/To_Save_a_Life" title="To Save a Life">To Save a Life</a></i> (2010), <i><a href="/wiki/Preacher%27s_Kid_(film)" title="Preacher's Kid (film)">Preacher's Kid</a></i> (2010), <i><a href="/wiki/Letters_to_God" title="Letters to God">Letters to God</a></i> (2010), <i><a href="/wiki/What_If..._(2010_film)" title="What If... (2010 film)">What If...</a></i> (2010), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Grace_Card" title="The Grace Card">The Grace Card</a></i> (2011), <i><a href="/wiki/Courageous_(film)" title="Courageous (film)">Courageous</a></i> (2011), <i><a href="/wiki/October_Baby" title="October Baby">October Baby</a></i> (2012), <i><a href="/wiki/Last_Ounce_of_Courage" title="Last Ounce of Courage">Last Ounce of Courage</a></i> (2012), <i><a href="/wiki/Home_Run_(film)" title="Home Run (film)">Home Run</a></i> (2013), <i><a href="/wiki/Grace_Unplugged" title="Grace Unplugged">Grace Unplugged</a></i> (2013), <i><a href="/wiki/I%27m_in_Love_with_a_Church_Girl" title="I'm in Love with a Church Girl">I'm in Love with a Church Girl</a></i> (2013), <i><a href="/wiki/Son_of_God_(film)" title="Son of God (film)">Son of God</a></i> (2014), <i><a href="/wiki/God%27s_Not_Dead_(film)" title="God's Not Dead (film)">God's Not Dead</a></i> (2014), <i><a href="/wiki/Persecuted_(film)" title="Persecuted (film)">Persecuted</a></i> (2014), <i><a href="/wiki/Old_Fashioned_(film)" title="Old Fashioned (film)">Old Fashioned</a></i> (2015), <i><a href="/wiki/Do_You_Believe%3F_(film)" title="Do You Believe? (film)">Do You Believe?</a></i> (2015), <i><a href="/wiki/War_Room_(film)" title="War Room (film)">War Room</a></i> (2015), <i><a href="/wiki/Beyond_the_Mask" title="Beyond the Mask">Beyond the Mask</a></i> (2015), <i><a href="/wiki/I%27m_Not_Ashamed" title="I'm Not Ashamed">I'm Not Ashamed</a></i> (2016), <i><a href="/wiki/I_Can_Only_Imagine_(film)" title="I Can Only Imagine (film)">I Can Only Imagine</a></i> (2018), <i><a href="/wiki/Breakthrough_(2019_film)" title="Breakthrough (2019 film)">Breakthrough</a></i> (2019), and <i><a href="/wiki/Overcomer_(film)" title="Overcomer (film)">Overcomer</a></i> (2019). </p><p>In 2006, nearly 50 Christian-faith films were produced. The films grossed an average $39 million. All five of the major Hollywood studios have created marketing departments to target the growing demand for faith-based and family fare. <i>Movieguide</i> publisher <a href="/wiki/Ted_Baehr" title="Ted Baehr">Ted Baehr</a> said, "There is competition for the Christian audience now that there hasn't been before. I thought at some point it would level off, but so far it's getting bigger and bigger. It's more than I could have possibly imagined. One of the audiences that has become stable and even grown for <a href="/wiki/Book" title="Book">books</a>, <a href="/wiki/Music" title="Music">music</a> and movies is the Christian audience."<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The proliferation of Christian movies and Christian films has led to the establishment of many <a href="/wiki/Online_shopping" title="Online shopping">online retailers</a> that focus their business exclusively on the sale and distribution of Christian movies online and family-friendly films such as Parables.tv, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.explorationfilms.com/">Exploration Films</a> based in Monument, Colorado, FishFlix.com, <a href="/wiki/ChristianCinema.com" title="ChristianCinema.com">ChristianCinema.com</a> and ChristianMovies.com. <a href="/wiki/Parables_TV" title="Parables TV">Parables TV</a> also provides <a href="/wiki/Streaming_television" title="Streaming television">streaming</a> and <a href="/wiki/Broadcast_programming" title="Broadcast programming">linear TV</a>. In 2013, FishFlix.com opened the first ever DVD store devoted completely to Christian DVDs in <a href="/wiki/Tulsa,_Oklahoma" title="Tulsa, Oklahoma">Tulsa, Oklahoma</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 2014 film <i><a href="/wiki/God%27s_Not_Dead_(film)" title="God's Not Dead (film)">God's Not Dead</a></i> is one of the all-time most successful <a href="/wiki/Independent_film" title="Independent film">independent</a> Christian films<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the 2015 film <i><a href="/wiki/War_Room_(film)" title="War Room (film)">War Room</a></i> became a <a href="/wiki/List_of_2015_box_office_number-one_films_in_the_United_States" title="List of 2015 box office number-one films in the United States">box office number-one film</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_highest-grossing_Christian_films">List of highest-grossing Christian films</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_film_industry&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: List of highest-grossing Christian films"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following is a list of highest-grossing Christian films of 2004–present, including only those films with overt Christian themes explicitly promoting <a href="/wiki/The_Gospel" class="mw-redirect" title="The Gospel">The Gospel</a> or an otherwise Christian message and targeted primarily at <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Christian" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical Christian">Evangelical Christian</a> audiences. Grosses presented here are worldwide <a href="/wiki/Box_office" title="Box office">box office</a> receipts. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="margin:auto; margin:auto;"> <caption>Top 10 highest-grossing Christian films </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Rank </th> <th scope="col">Title </th> <th scope="col">Distributor </th> <th scope="col">Worldwide Box Office </th> <th scope="col">Domestic Opening Weekend </th> <th scope="col">Year </th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">References </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:center;">1 </th> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Passion_of_the_Christ" title="The Passion of the Christ">The Passion of the Christ</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Icon_Productions" title="Icon Productions">Icon Productions</a> </td> <td>$622.3 million </td> <td>$83.8 million </td> <td>2004 </td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:center;">2 </th> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Heaven_Is_for_Real_(film)" title="Heaven Is for Real (film)">Heaven Is for Real</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures" title="Sony Pictures">Sony Pictures</a> </td> <td>$101.3 million </td> <td>$22.5 million </td> <td>2014 </td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:center;">3 </th> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Shack_(2017_film)" title="The Shack (2017 film)">The Shack</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lionsgate" title="Lionsgate">Lionsgate</a> </td> <td>$96.9 million </td> <td>$16.2 million </td> <td>2017 </td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:center;">4 </th> <td><i><a href="/wiki/I_Can_Only_Imagine_(film)" title="I Can Only Imagine (film)">I Can Only Imagine</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Roadside_Attractions" title="Roadside Attractions">Roadside Attractions</a> </td> <td>$86 million </td> <td>$17.1 million </td> <td>2018 </td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:center;">5 </th> <td><i><a href="/wiki/War_Room_(film)" title="War Room (film)">War Room</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures" title="Sony Pictures">Sony Pictures</a> </td> <td>$74 million </td> <td>$11.4 million </td> <td>2015 </td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:center;">6 </th> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Miracles_from_Heaven_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Miracles from Heaven (film)">Miracles from Heaven</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures" title="Sony Pictures">Sony Pictures</a> </td> <td>$73.9 million </td> <td>$14.8 million </td> <td>2016 </td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:center;">7 </th> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Son_of_God_(film)" title="Son of God (film)">Son of God</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Twentieth_Century_Fox" class="mw-redirect" title="Twentieth Century Fox">Twentieth Century Fox</a> </td> <td>$70.95 million </td> <td>$25.6 million </td> <td>2014 </td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:center;">8 </th> <td><i><a href="/wiki/God%27s_Not_Dead_(film)" title="God's Not Dead (film)">God's Not Dead</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Freestyle_Releasing" title="Freestyle Releasing">Freestyle Releasing</a> </td> <td>$64.7 million </td> <td>$9.2 million </td> <td>2014 </td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:center;">9 </th> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Star_(2017_film)" title="The Star (2017 film)">The Star</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures" title="Sony Pictures">Sony Pictures</a> </td> <td>$62.8 million </td> <td>$9.8 million </td> <td>2017 </td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:center;">10 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Jesus_Revolution" title="Jesus Revolution">Jesus Revolution</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lionsgate" title="Lionsgate">Lionsgate</a> </td> <td>$54.3 million </td> <td>$15.8 million </td> <td>2023 </td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Christian_film_in_Africa">Christian film in Africa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_film_industry&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Christian film in Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="South_Africa">South Africa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_film_industry&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: South Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Faith-based, family-values films are popular in <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> due to its predominantly Christian audience including <i><a href="/wiki/Faith_Like_Potatoes" class="mw-redirect" title="Faith Like Potatoes">Faith Like Potatoes</a></i>, a 2006 <a href="/wiki/Biographical_film" title="Biographical film">biopic</a> of <a href="/wiki/Farmer" title="Farmer">farmer</a>-turned-<a href="/wiki/Preacher" title="Preacher">preacher</a><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Angus_Buchan" title="Angus Buchan">Angus Buchan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nigeria">Nigeria</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_film_industry&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Nigeria"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Nigerians" title="Nigerians">Nigerian</a> Christians are actively contributing to the booming Nigerian film industry known as <a href="/wiki/Nollywood" title="Nollywood">Nollywood</a>. Christian films makes up about 20% of <a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Nigeria" title="Cinema of Nigeria">Nigerian films</a>. Independent companies, ministries, and large churches producing hundreds of Christian films often see themselves as an alternative to Nollywood. Nevertheless, they have participated in mainstream success and many of the films appear on <a href="/wiki/Nigerian_Television_Authority" title="Nigerian Television Authority">state television channels</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Redeemed_Christian_Church_of_God" title="Redeemed Christian Church of God">Redeemed Christian Church of God</a> founded Dove Studios, which has become the country's biggest movie studio and distributor.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More than 50,000 copies of their movies were sold before April 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Gospel Film Festival (GOFESTIVAL) is also a major Nigerian film attraction.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_film_industry&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Bible_in_film" title="The Bible in film">The Bible in film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Film_Database" title="Christian Film Database">Christian Film Database</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_films" title="List of Christian films">List of Christian films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_film_production_companies" title="List of Christian film production companies">List of Christian film production companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_film" title="Independent film">Independent film</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indiewood" title="Indiewood">Indiewood</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_film_industry&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFChen2010" class="citation web cs1">Chen, Sandie Angulo (January 15, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100702121456/http://insidemovies.moviefone.com/2010/01/15/book-of-eli-christian-messages-themes-audiences">"Will Christian Audiences Embrace Denzel's 'Book of Eli'?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Moviefone" title="Moviefone">Moviefone</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://insidemovies.moviefone.com/2010/01/15/book-of-eli-christian-messages-themes-audiences/">the original</a> on July 2, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 15,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Moviefone&rft.atitle=Will+Christian+Audiences+Embrace+Denzel%27s+%27Book+of+Eli%27%3F&rft.date=2010-01-15&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Sandie+Angulo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finsidemovies.moviefone.com%2F2010%2F01%2F15%2Fbook-of-eli-christian-messages-themes-audiences%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBuss2009" class="citation news cs1">Buss, Dale (January 21, 2009). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB123249904737100583">"What Christians Watch"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150622025213/http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB123249904737100583">Archived</a> from the original on 22 June 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 6,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=What+Christians+Watch&rft.date=2009-01-21&rft.aulast=Buss&rft.aufirst=Dale&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB123249904737100583&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVermier2005" class="citation journal cs1">Vermier, Koen (25 May 2005). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087405006709">"The magic of the magic lantern (1660–1700): on analogical demonstration and the visualization of the invisible"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_British_Journal_for_the_History_of_Science" title="The British Journal for the History of Science">The British Journal for the History of Science</a></i>. <b>38</b> (2). <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>: 127–159. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2Fs0007087405006709">10.1017/s0007087405006709</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0007-0874">0007-0874</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:143404000">143404000</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+British+Journal+for+the+History+of+Science&rft.atitle=The+magic+of+the+magic+lantern+%281660%E2%80%931700%29%3A+on+analogical+demonstration+and+the+visualization+of+the+invisible&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=127-159&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A143404000%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0007-0874&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2Fs0007087405006709&rft.aulast=Vermier&rft.aufirst=Koen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1017%2Fs0007087405006709&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerlihy2002" class="citation book cs1">Herlihy, Patricia (12 December 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/47140987"><i>The Alcoholic Empire: Vodka & Politics in Late Imperial Russia</i></a>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/alcoholicempirev00herl_0/page/20">20</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-513431-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-513431-1"><bdi>0-19-513431-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/47140987">47140987</a>. <q>alcoholism magic</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Alcoholic+Empire%3A+Vodka+%26+Politics+in+Late+Imperial+Russia&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=20&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2002-12-12&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F47140987&rft.isbn=0-19-513431-1&rft.aulast=Herlihy&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F47140987&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHorne2006" class="citation book cs1">Horne, Silvester C. (May 5, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UcYe5wFziLoC&q=magic+lantern&pg=PA2"><i>David Livingstone</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Kessinger_Publishing" title="Kessinger Publishing">Kessinger Publishing</a>. p. 76. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4254-9628-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-4254-9628-8"><bdi>1-4254-9628-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=David+Livingstone&rft.pages=76&rft.pub=Kessinger+Publishing&rft.date=2006-05-05&rft.isbn=1-4254-9628-8&rft.aulast=Horne&rft.aufirst=Silvester+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUcYe5wFziLoC%26q%3Dmagic%2Blantern%26pg%3DPA2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLindvall2007" class="citation book cs1">Lindvall, Terry (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/794701134"><i>Sanctuary Cinema: Origins of the Christian Film Industry</i></a>. New York: <a href="/wiki/New_York_University_Press" title="New York University Press">New York University Press</a>. pp. 56–57. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8147-5323-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8147-5323-1"><bdi>978-0-8147-5323-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/794701134">794701134</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sanctuary+Cinema%3A+Origins+of+the+Christian+Film+Industry&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=56-57&rft.pub=New+York+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F794701134&rft.isbn=978-0-8147-5323-1&rft.aulast=Lindvall&rft.aufirst=Terry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F794701134&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKintzLesage1998" class="citation book cs1">Kintz, Linda; Lesage, Julia (April 1998). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37947297"><i>Media, Culture, and the Religious Right</i></a></span>. Minneapolis: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Minnesota_Press" title="University of Minnesota Press">University of Minnesota Press</a>. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mediaculturer00kint/page/194">194</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8166-3084-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8166-3084-4"><bdi>0-8166-3084-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/37947297">37947297</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Media%2C+Culture%2C+and+the+Religious+Right&rft.place=Minneapolis&rft.pages=194&rft.pub=University+of+Minnesota+Press&rft.date=1998-04&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F37947297&rft.isbn=0-8166-3084-4&rft.aulast=Kintz&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.au=Lesage%2C+Julia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F37947297&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-VV-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-VV_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-VV_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081023155012/http://www.villagevoice.com/2008-03-18/film/titans-of-race-cinema/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Micheaux and Williams: Titans of 'Race' Cinema," Village Voice, March 18, 2008"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.villagevoice.com/2008-03-18/film/titans-of-race-cinema/">the original</a> on October 23, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 18,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Micheaux+and+Williams%3A+Titans+of+%27Race%27+Cinema%2C%22+Village+Voice%2C+March+18%2C+2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.villagevoice.com%2F2008-03-18%2Ffilm%2Ftitans-of-race-cinema%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cinema.ucla.edu/blogs/archive-blog/2022/08/15/spencer-williams-brother-martin-servant-of-jesus">Archival Treasures: Spencer Williams' "Brother Martin" Trailer|UCLA Film & Television Archive</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHall" class="citation web cs1">Hall, Phil. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110607142120/http://www.filmthreat.com/features/2104/">"Film Threat's Top 10 Lost Films, Part Five"</a>. Film Threat. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 21,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Baptism+by+Celluloid&rft.date=2004-02-08&rft.aulast=Foer&rft.aufirst=Franklin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2004%2F02%2F08%2Fmovies%2Fbaptism-by-celluloid.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbn.com/entertainment/screen/elliottb_10commandmentsreview.aspx?mobile=false&u=1">MOVIE REVIEW: The Ten Commandments|CBN</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090910082110/http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/ent/stories/030507dnentholyhollywood.26a80a.html">"Hollywood makes room for holiness"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. Los Angeles. March 8, 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/ent/stories/030507dnentholyhollywood.26a80a.html">the original</a> on 10 September 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 13,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Hollywood+makes+room+for+holiness&rft.date=2007-03-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dallasnews.com%2Fsharedcontent%2Fdws%2Fent%2Fstories%2F030507dnentholyhollywood.26a80a.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSherman2013" class="citation news cs1">Sherman, Bill (November 23, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tulsaworld.com/news/religion/tulsa-physician-with-roots-in-turkey-sells-christian-movies/article_8892f34d-f8ca-562c-8e29-ed6bdc5acf77.html">"Tulsa physician with roots in Turkey sells Christian movies"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Tulsa_World" title="Tulsa World">Tulsa World</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191209224632/https://www.tulsaworld.com/news/religion/tulsa-physician-with-roots-in-turkey-sells-christian-movies/article_8892f34d-f8ca-562c-8e29-ed6bdc5acf77.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 13,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tulsa+World&rft.atitle=Tulsa+physician+with+roots+in+Turkey+sells+Christian+movies&rft.date=2013-11-23&rft.aulast=Sherman&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tulsaworld.com%2Fnews%2Freligion%2Ftulsa-physician-with-roots-in-turkey-sells-christian-movies%2Farticle_8892f34d-f8ca-562c-8e29-ed6bdc5acf77.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaw2016" class="citation interview cs1">Law, Jeannie (16 December 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.christianpost.com/news/gods-not-dead-3-is-in-the-works-says-actor-producer-david-ar-white-interview-172138/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'God's Not Dead 3' Is in the Works, Says Actor-Producer David AR White (Interview)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Christian_Post" title="The Christian Post">The Christian Post</a></i> (Interview). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161217113715/http://www.christianpost.com/news/gods-not-dead-3-is-in-the-works-says-actor-producer-david-ar-white-interview-172138/">Archived</a> from the original on 17 December 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Christian+Post&rft.atitle=%27God%27s+Not+Dead+3%27+Is+in+the+Works%2C+Says+Actor-Producer+David+AR+White+%28Interview%29&rft.date=2016-12-16&rft.aulast=Law&rft.aufirst=Jeannie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.christianpost.com%2Fnews%2Fgods-not-dead-3-is-in-the-works-says-actor-producer-david-ar-white-interview-172138%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimanton2015" class="citation report cs1">Simanton, Keith (2015-09-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boxofficemojo.com/article/ed3781166084/">Weekend Report - 'War Room' Walks to #1</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a></i> (Report). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200630014354/https://www.boxofficemojo.com/article/ed3781166084/">Archived</a> from the original on 30 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-09-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Weekend+Report+-+%27War+Room%27+Walks+to+%231&rft.date=2015-09-06&rft.aulast=Simanton&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boxofficemojo.com%2Farticle%2Fed3781166084%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Passion-of-the-Christ-The#tab=summary">"The Passion of the Christ (2004) - Financial Information"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Numbers_(website)" title="The Numbers (website)">The Numbers</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201023090521/https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Passion-of-the-Christ-The#tab=summary">Archived</a> from the original on 23 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Numbers&rft.atitle=The+Passion+of+the+Christ+%282004%29+-+Financial+Information&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-numbers.com%2Fmovie%2FPassion-of-the-Christ-The%23tab%3Dsummary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl3495331329/">"Heaven Is For Real"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201123192839/https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl3495331329/">Archived</a> from the original on 23 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Box+Office+Mojo&rft.atitle=Heaven+Is+For+Real&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boxofficemojo.com%2Frelease%2Frl3495331329%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl2642183681/">"The Shack"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191221071732/https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl2642183681/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Box+Office+Mojo&rft.atitle=The+Shack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boxofficemojo.com%2Frelease%2Frl2642183681%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl537036289/">"I Can Only Imagine"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201028001524/https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl537036289/">Archived</a> from the original on 28 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Box+Office+Mojo&rft.atitle=I+Can+Only+Imagine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boxofficemojo.com%2Frelease%2Frl537036289%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/War-Room#tab=summary">"War Room (2015) - Financial Information"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Numbers_(website)" title="The Numbers (website)">The Numbers</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210111090832/https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/War-Room#tab=summary">Archived</a> from the original on 11 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Numbers&rft.atitle=War+Room+%282015%29+-+Financial+Information&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-numbers.com%2Fmovie%2FWar-Room%23tab%3Dsummary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl4049765889/">"Miracles from Heaven"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200425232021/https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl4049765889/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Box+Office+Mojo&rft.atitle=The+Star&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boxofficemojo.com%2Frelease%2Frl1149076993%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt10098448/">"Jesus Revolution"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a></i>. April 23, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Box+Office+Mojo&rft.atitle=Jesus+Revolution&rft.date=2023-04-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boxofficemojo.com%2Ftitle%2Ftt10098448%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: url-status (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_url-status" title="Category:CS1 maint: url-status">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tvguide.com/movies/faith-like-potatoes/cast/2030140720/">Faith Like Potatoes - TV Guide</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2009/aprilweb-only/faithlikepotatoes.html">Faith Like Potatoes|Christianity Today</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZylstra2009" class="citation magazine cs1">Zylstra, Sarah Eekhoff (27 October 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2009/november/7.17.html">"Nigeria: Christian Movie Capital of the World"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Christianity_Today" title="Christianity Today">Christianity Today</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091029061910/http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2009/november/7.17.html">Archived</a> from the original on 29 October 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Christianity+Today&rft.atitle=Nigeria%3A+Christian+Movie+Capital+of+the+World&rft.date=2009-10-27&rft.aulast=Zylstra&rft.aufirst=Sarah+Eekhoff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.christianitytoday.com%2Fct%2F2009%2Fnovember%2F7.17.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/nigerian-church-transforms-into-movie-mogul-1.619481">"Nigerian church transforms into movie mogul"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CBC_News" title="CBC News">CBC News</a></i>. 26 March 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170927044925/http://www.cbc.ca/arts/story/2006/03/26/church-movies.html">Archived</a> from the original on 27 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBC+News&rft.atitle=Nigerian+church+transforms+into+movie+mogul&rft.date=2006-03-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fentertainment%2Fnigerian-church-transforms-into-movie-mogul-1.619481&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurphy2006" class="citation web cs1">Murphy, Brian (25 March 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wwrn.org/articles/20963/">"Redeemed Church Takes Nollywood by Storm"</a>. <i>World-Wide Religious News</i>. Lagos, Nigeria. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120404103340/http://wwrn.org/articles/20963/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=World-Wide+Religious+News&rft.atitle=Redeemed+Church+Takes+Nollywood+by+Storm&rft.date=2006-03-25&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwwrn.org%2Farticles%2F20963%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStephen2009" class="citation news cs1">Stephen, Alayande (21 April 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160127163929/http://www.modernghana.com/movie/4613/3/gofestival-2009-media-unveil-in-ibadan.html">"A Celebration of Gospel Cinematic Excellence"</a>. <i>Modern Ghana</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.modernghana.com/movie/4613/3/gofestival-2009-media-unveil-in-ibadan.html">the original</a> on 27 January 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Modern+Ghana&rft.atitle=A+Celebration+of+Gospel+Cinematic+Excellence&rft.date=2009-04-21&rft.aulast=Stephen&rft.aufirst=Alayande&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.modernghana.com%2Fmovie%2F4613%2F3%2Fgofestival-2009-media-unveil-in-ibadan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_film_industry&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFField2004" class="citation book cs1">Field, Alex (October 31, 2004). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hphollywoodproje0000fiel"><i>The Hollywood Project: A Look Into the Minds of the Makers of Spiritually</i></a></span>. Relevant Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9746942-1-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-9746942-1-5"><bdi>0-9746942-1-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hollywood+Project%3A+A+Look+Into+the+Minds+of+the+Makers+of+Spiritually&rft.pub=Relevant+Books&rft.date=2004-10-31&rft.isbn=0-9746942-1-5&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhphollywoodproje0000fiel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKintzJulia_Lesage1998" class="citation book cs1">Kintz, Linda; Julia Lesage (April 1998). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mediaculturer00kint">"Chapter 7: The Emergence of Christian Video and the Cultivation of Videovangelism"</a></span>. <i>Media, Culture, and the Religious Right</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Minnesota_Press" title="University of Minnesota Press">University of Minnesota Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8166-3085-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-8166-3085-2"><bdi>0-8166-3085-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+7%3A+The+Emergence+of+Christian+Video+and+the+Cultivation+of+Videovangelism&rft.btitle=Media%2C+Culture%2C+and+the+Religious+Right&rft.pub=University+of+Minnesota+Press&rft.date=1998-04&rft.isbn=0-8166-3085-2&rft.aulast=Kintz&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.au=Julia+Lesage&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmediaculturer00kint&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBowen" class="citation journal cs1">Bowen, Barry. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100723160915/http://www.christianheadlines.com/filmhistory.html">"A History of Christian Films"</a>. <i>Christian Headlines</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.christianheadlines.com/filmhistory.html">the original</a> on July 23, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 21,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Christian+Headlines&rft.atitle=A+History+of+Christian+Films&rft.aulast=Bowen&rft.aufirst=Barry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.christianheadlines.com%2Ffilmhistory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHess" class="citation journal cs1">Hess, Brian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090603135856/http://avgeeks.com/bhess/christian_film_history.html">"A Brief History of Christian Films: 1918-2002"</a>. <i>A/V Geeks Educational Film Archive</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.avgeeks.com/bhess/christian_film_history.html">the original</a> on June 3, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 21,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=A%2FV+Geeks+Educational+Film+Archive&rft.atitle=A+Brief+History+of+Christian+Films%3A+1918-2002&rft.aulast=Hess&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.avgeeks.com%2Fbhess%2Fchristian_film_history.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristiano2005" class="citation journal cs1">Christiano, Rich (May 8, 2005). "How to Finance and Distribute a Christian Film". <i>Audio CD</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0975526472" title="Special:BookSources/0975526472"><bdi>0975526472</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Audio+CD&rft.atitle=How+to+Finance+and+Distribute+a+Christian+Film&rft.date=2005-05-08&rft.isbn=0975526472&rft.aulast=Christiano&rft.aufirst=Rich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+film+industry" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Lindvall, Terry The Silents of God (Scarecrow Press, 2001)</li> <li>Lindvall, Terry Sanctuary Cinema (New York University Press, 2007)</li> <li>Lindvall, Terry and Andrew Quicke Celluloid Sermons: The Emergence of the Christian Film Industry, 1930–1986 (New York University Press, 2011)</li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in French)</span> Seguins Pazzis, Bruno de, <i>Quand le christianisme fait son cinéma</i>, Paris, Le Cerf, 2018, 502 p. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-20411-8-767" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-20411-8-767">978-2-20411-8-767</a>.</li> <li>Shen, Hsiang Yen, Cross-cultural effectiveness of Christian message films: Taiwanese responses to the concepts of God and Christianity in the film "Bruce Almighty",(ProQuest, 2010).</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Film_genres" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Film_genres" title="Template:Film genres"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Film_genres" title="Template talk:Film genres"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Film_genres" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Film genres"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Film_genres" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">Film</a> <a href="/wiki/Film_genre" title="Film genre">genres</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By style</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_film" title="Action film">Action</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heroic_bloodshed" title="Heroic bloodshed">Heroic bloodshed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_action_cinema" title="Hong Kong action cinema">Hong Kong action</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adventure_film" title="Adventure film">Adventure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_film" title="Art film">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biographical_film" title="Biographical film">Biographical</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_film" title="Comedy film">Comedy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_comedy" title="Action comedy">Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_comedy" title="Black comedy">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_all%27italiana" title="Commedia all'italiana">Commedia all'italiana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_sexy_all%27italiana" title="Commedia sexy all'italiana">Sexy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_drama" title="Comedy drama">Dramedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gross_out" title="Gross out">Gross out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_horror" title="Comedy horror">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parody_film" title="Parody film">Parody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mo_lei_tau" title="Mo lei tau">Mo lei tau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thriller_(genre)" title="Thriller (genre)">Thriller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_of_remarriage" title="Comedy of remarriage">Remarriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_comedy" title="Romantic comedy">Romantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_comedy" title="Sex comedy">Sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screwball_comedy" title="Screwball comedy">Screwball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silent_comedy" title="Silent comedy">Silent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slapstick_film" title="Slapstick film">Slapstick</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyberpunk" title="Cyberpunk">Cyberpunk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_cyberpunk" title="Japanese cyberpunk">Japanese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Documentary_film" title="Documentary film">Documentary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animated_documentary" title="Animated documentary">Animated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_symphony" title="City symphony">City symphony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docudrama" title="Docudrama">Docudrama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mockumentary" title="Mockumentary">Mockumentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mondo_film" title="Mondo film">Mondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudo-documentary" title="Pseudo-documentary">Pseudo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semidocumentary" title="Semidocumentary">Semi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_documentary" title="Travel documentary">Travel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_essay" title="Video essay">Video essay</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drama_(film_and_television)" title="Drama (film and television)">Drama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calligrafismo" title="Calligrafismo">Calligrafismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_drama" title="Comedy drama">Dramedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_drama" title="Historical drama">Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_drama" title="Legal drama">Legal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melodrama" title="Melodrama">Melodrama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_melodrama" title="Korean melodrama">Korean</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_in_film" title="Sex in film">Erotic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_sexy_all%27italiana" title="Commedia sexy all'italiana">Commedia sexy all'italiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pink_film" title="Pink film">Pink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexploitation_film" title="Sexploitation film">Sexploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_thriller" title="Erotic thriller">Thriller</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Educational_film" title="Educational film">Educational</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_guidance_film" title="Social guidance film">Social guidance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic_film" title="Epic film">Epic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sword-and-sandal" title="Sword-and-sandal">Sword-and-sandal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_film" title="Experimental film">Experimental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploitation_film" title="Exploitation film">Exploitation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Exploitation_film" title="Template:Exploitation film">see <i>Exploitation film template</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_film" title="Fantasy film">Fantasy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_comedy" title="Fantasy comedy">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_fantasy" title="Contemporary fantasy">Contemporary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantastique" title="Fantastique">Fantastique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_fantasy" title="High fantasy">High</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_fantasy" title="Historical fantasy">Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_realism" class="mw-redirect" title="Magic realism">Magic realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fantasy" title="Science fantasy">Science</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_noir" title="Film noir">Film noir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neo-noir" title="Neo-noir">Neo-noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulp_noir" title="Pulp noir">Pulp noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tech_noir" title="Tech noir">Tech noir</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_film" title="Gothic film">Gothic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_romance_film" title="Gothic romance film">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Gothic" title="Southern Gothic">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic science fiction">Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suburban_Gothic" title="Suburban Gothic">Suburban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_Gothic" title="Urban Gothic">Urban</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_film" title="Horror film">Horror</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_horror" title="Art horror">Arthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_body_horror_media" title="List of body horror media">Body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_film" title="Cannibal film">Cannibal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_horror_film" title="Chinese horror film">Chinese horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_horror" title="Christmas horror">Christmas horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_horror" title="Comedy horror">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_eco-horror_films" title="List of eco-horror films">Eco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantastique" title="Fantastique">Fantastique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Found_footage_(film_technique)" title="Found footage (film technique)">Found footage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_underground_horror" title="German underground horror">German underground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ghost_films" title="List of ghost films">Ghost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giallo" title="Giallo">Giallo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_giallo_films" title="List of giallo films">List of films</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_holiday_horror_films" title="List of holiday horror films">Holiday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_horror" title="Japanese horror">Japanese horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_horror" title="Korean horror">Korean horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovecraftian_horror" title="Lovecraftian horror">Lovecraftian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_natural_horror_films" title="List of natural horror films">Natural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Extremity" class="mw-redirect" title="New Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_in_horror_films" title="Gender in horror films">Psycho-biddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_horror" title="Psychological horror">Psychological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_horror_films" title="List of science fiction horror films">Science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slasher_film" title="Slasher film">Slasher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Splatter_film" title="Splatter film">Splatter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satanic_film" title="Satanic film">Satanic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximalist_film" title="Maximalist film">Maximalist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimalist_film" title="Minimalist film">Minimalist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumblecore" title="Mumblecore">Mumblecore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_film" title="Musical film">Musical</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthouse_musical" title="Arthouse musical">Arthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backstage_musical" title="Backstage musical">Backstage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jukebox_musical" title="Jukebox musical">Jukebox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musicarello" title="Musicarello">Musicarello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operetta_film" title="Operetta film">Operetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sceneggiata" title="Sceneggiata">Sceneggiata</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystery_film" title="Mystery film">Mystery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detective_fiction" title="Detective fiction">Detective</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Occult_detective_fiction" title="Occult detective fiction">Occult detective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whodunit" title="Whodunit">Whodunit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giallo" title="Giallo">Giallo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossover_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Crossover fiction">Crossover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornographic_film" title="Pornographic film">Pornographic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hardcore_pornography" title="Hardcore pornography">Hardcore pornography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Softcore_pornography" title="Softcore pornography">Softcore pornography</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Malayalam_softcore_pornography" title="Malayalam softcore pornography">Malayalam</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_film" title="Propaganda film">Propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reality_film" title="Reality film">Reality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_film" title="Romance film">Romantic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_comedy" title="Romantic comedy">Comedy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bromantic_comedy" title="Bromantic comedy">Bromantic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_fantasy" title="Romantic fantasy">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_romance_film" title="Gothic romance film">Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranormal_romance" title="Paranormal romance">Paranormal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_thriller" title="Romantic thriller">Thriller</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_film" title="Science fiction film">Science fiction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthouse_science_fiction_film" title="Arthouse science fiction film">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_comedy" title="Science fiction comedy">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantastique" title="Fantastique">Fantastique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fantasy" title="Science fantasy">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic science fiction">Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_horror_films" title="List of science fiction horror films">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_science_fiction" title="Military science fiction">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Wave_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="New Wave science fiction">New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_opera" title="Space opera">Space opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steampunk" title="Steampunk">Steampunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokusatsu" title="Tokusatsu">Tokusatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Western" title="Space Western">Western</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slice_of_life" title="Slice of life">Slice of life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_cinema" title="Slow cinema">Slow cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survival_film" title="Survival film">Survival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thriller_film" title="Thriller film">Thriller</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_thriller" title="Comedy thriller">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_thriller" title="Erotic thriller">Erotic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_thriller" title="Financial thriller">Financial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giallo" title="Giallo">Giallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_thriller" title="Legal thriller">Legal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Extremity" class="mw-redirect" title="New Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_thriller" title="Political thriller">Political</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_thriller" title="Psychological thriller">Psychological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_thriller" title="Romantic thriller">Romantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Techno-thriller" title="Techno-thriller">Techno</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transgressive_art" title="Transgressive art">Transgressive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Transgression" title="Cinema of Transgression">Cinema of Transgression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_cinema" title="Extreme cinema">Extreme cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Extremity" class="mw-redirect" title="New Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trick_film" title="Trick film">Trick</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By theme</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_about_animals" title="List of films about animals">Animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beach_party_film" title="Beach party film">Beach party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_swap" title="Body swap">Body swap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_film" title="Buddy film">Buddy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_cop" title="Buddy cop">Buddy cop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Female_buddy_film" title="Female buddy film">Female</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_film" title="Cannibal film">Cannibal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicano_films" title="List of Chicano films">Chicano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_cinema" title="Colonial cinema">Colonial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coming-of-age_story" title="Coming-of-age story">Coming-of-age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concert_film" title="Concert film">Concert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_film" title="Crime film">Crime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detective_fiction" title="Detective fiction">Detective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangster_film" title="Gangster film">Gangster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentleman_thief" title="Gentleman thief">Gentleman thief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gokud%C5%8D" title="Gokudō">Gokudō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gong%27an_fiction" title="Gong'an fiction">Gong'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heist_film" title="Heist film">Heist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heroic_bloodshed" title="Heroic bloodshed">Heroic bloodshed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hood_film" title="Hood film">Hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mafia_film" title="Mafia film">Mafia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mafia_comedy_film" title="Mafia comedy film">Mafia comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumbai_underworld_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Mumbai underworld film">Mumbai underworld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poliziotteschi" title="Poliziotteschi">Poliziotteschi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakuza_film" title="Yakuza film">Yakuza</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_in_film" title="Dance in film">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disaster_film" title="Disaster film">Disaster</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_apocalyptic_films" title="List of apocalyptic films">Apocalyptic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_drug_films" title="List of drug films">Drug</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Psychedelic_film" title="Psychedelic film">Psychedelic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoner_film" title="Stoner film">Stoner</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dystopian_films" title="List of dystopian films">Dystopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecchi" title="Ecchi">Ecchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economics_film" title="Economics film">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnographic_film" title="Ethnographic film">Ethnographic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploitation_film" title="Exploitation film">Exploitation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blaxploitation" title="Blaxploitation">Blaxploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexploitation" title="Mexploitation">Mexploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turksploitation" title="Turksploitation">Turksploitation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_featuring_extraterrestrials" title="List of films featuring extraterrestrials">Extraterrestrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_about_food_and_drink" title="List of films about food and drink">Food and drink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gendai-geki" title="Gendai-geki">Gendai-geki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ghost_films" title="List of ghost films">Ghost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goona-goona_epic" title="Goona-goona epic">Goona-goona epic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_film" title="Gothic film">Gothic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_romance_film" title="Gothic romance film">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic science fiction">Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suburban_Gothic" title="Suburban Gothic">Suburban</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girls_with_guns" title="Girls with guns">Girls with guns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harem_(genre)" title="Harem (genre)">Harem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hentai" title="Hentai">Hentai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lolicon" title="Lolicon">Lolicon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shotacon" title="Shotacon">Shotacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tentacle_erotica" title="Tentacle erotica">Tentacle erotica</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heimatfilm" title="Heimatfilm">Homeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isekai" title="Isekai">Isekai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jidaigeki" title="Jidaigeki">Jidaigeki</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samurai_cinema" title="Samurai cinema">Samurai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentleman_thief" title="Gentleman thief">Kaitō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_LGBTQ-related_films" title="List of LGBTQ-related films">LGBTQ</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yaoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Yaoi">Yaoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuri_(genre)" title="Yuri (genre)">Yuri</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luchador_films" title="Luchador films">Luchador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magical_girl" title="Magical girl">Magical girl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_arts_film" title="Martial arts film">Martial arts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bruceploitation" title="Bruceploitation">Bruceploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chopsocky" title="Chopsocky">Chopsocky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_fu" title="Gun fu">Gun fu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kung_fu_film" title="Kung fu film">Kung fu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ninja_films" title="List of ninja films">Ninja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuxia" title="Wuxia">Wuxia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha">Mecha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mecha_anime_and_manga" title="Mecha anime and manga">Anime</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monster_movie" title="Monster movie">Monster</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_featuring_giant_monsters" title="List of films featuring giant monsters">Giant monster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiju" title="Kaiju">Kaiju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mummy_films" title="List of mummy films">Mummy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vampire_film" title="Vampire film">Vampire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_zombie_films" title="List of zombie films">Zombie</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zombie_comedy" title="Zombie comedy">Zombie comedy</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_film" title="Mountain film">Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_da_Boca_do_Lixo" title="Cinema da Boca do Lixo">Mouth of Garbage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_social" title="Muslim social">Muslim social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nature_documentary" title="Nature documentary">Nature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_environmental_films" title="List of environmental films">Environmental issues</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opera_film" title="Opera film">Opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outlaw_biker_film" title="Outlaw biker film">Outlaw biker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozploitation" title="Ozploitation">Ozploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partisan_film" title="Partisan film">Partisan film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prison_film" title="Prison film">Prison</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_prison_film" title="Women in prison film">Women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_film" title="Race film">Race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_and_revenge_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Rape and revenge film">Rape and revenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_movie" title="Road movie">Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%BCmmerfilm" title="Trümmerfilm">Rubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumberas_film" title="Rumberas film">Rumberas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexploitation_film" title="Sexploitation film">Sexploitation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bavarian_porn" title="Bavarian porn">Bavarian porn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_sexy_all%27italiana" title="Commedia sexy all'italiana">Commedia sexy all'italiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_sex_comedy" title="Mexican sex comedy">Mexican sex comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_exploitation" title="Nazi exploitation">Nazi exploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornochanchada" title="Pornochanchada">Pornochanchada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunsploitation" title="Nunsploitation">Nunsploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_report_film" title="Sex report film">Sex report</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoshimin-eiga" title="Shoshimin-eiga">Shoshimin-eiga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_featuring_slavery" title="List of films featuring slavery">Slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slice_of_life" title="Slice of life">Slice of life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snuff_film" title="Snuff film">Snuff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Seas_genre" title="South Seas genre">South Seas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_film" title="Sports film">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spy_film" title="Spy film">Spy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurospy_film" title="Eurospy film">Eurospy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superhero_film" title="Superhero film">Superhero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surf_film" title="Surf film">Surfing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swashbuckler_film" title="Swashbuckler film">Swashbuckler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword-and-sandal" title="Sword-and-sandal">Sword-and-sandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword_and_sorcery" title="Sword and sorcery">Sword and sorcery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_documentary" title="Travel documentary">Travel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imaginary_voyage" title="Imaginary voyage">imaginary voyage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trial_film" title="Trial film">Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vigilante_film" title="Vigilante film">Vigilante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_film" title="War film">War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_anti-war_films" title="List of anti-war films">Anti-war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_War" title="Euro War">Euro War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_films" title="Submarine films">Submarine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_film" title="Western film">Western</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acid_Western" title="Acid Western">Acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Western" title="Contemporary Western">Contemporary Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacoit_Western" class="mw-redirect" title="Dacoit Western">Dacoit Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_Western" class="mw-redirect" title="Fantasy Western">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida_Western" title="Florida Western">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_Western" title="Horror Western">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Western" title="Australian Western">Meat pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_(genre)" title="Northern (genre)">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostern" title="Ostern">Ostern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revisionist_Western" title="Revisionist Western">Revisionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_Western" title="Science fiction Western">Science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singing_cowboy" title="Singing cowboy">Singing cowboy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Western" title="Space Western">Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaghetti_Western" title="Spaghetti Western">Spaghetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weird_West" title="Weird West">Weird Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zapata_Western" class="mw-redirect" title="Zapata Western">Zapata Western</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By movement <br /> or period</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Absolute_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Absolute film">Absolute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_eccentric_cinema" title="American eccentric cinema">American eccentric cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Objectivity_(filmmaking)" title="New Objectivity (filmmaking)">New Objectivity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_New_Wave" title="Australian New Wave">Australian New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auteur" title="Auteur">Auteur films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_School_(filmmaking)" title="Berlin School (filmmaking)">Berlin School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourekas_film" title="Bourekas film">Bourekas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton_School_(filmmaking)" title="Brighton School (filmmaking)">Brighton School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_New_Wave" title="British New Wave">British New Wave</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen_sink_realism" title="Kitchen sink realism">Kitchen sink realism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_school" title="Budapest school">Budapest school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calligrafismo" title="Calligrafismo">Calligrafismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_film" title="Cannibal film">Cannibal boom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cin%C3%A9ma_du_look" title="Cinéma du look">Cinéma du look</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_Novo" title="Cinema Novo">Cinema Novo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Transgression" title="Cinema of Transgression">Cinema of Transgression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cin%C3%A9ma_pur" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinéma pur">Cinéma pur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_all%27italiana" title="Commedia all'italiana">Commedia all'italiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_New_Wave" title="Czechoslovak New Wave">Czechoslovak New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Documentary_Film_Movement" title="Documentary Film Movement">Documentary Film Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogme_95" title="Dogme 95">Dogme 95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erra_Cinema" class="mw-redirect" title="Erra Cinema">Erra Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_art_cinema" title="European art cinema">European art cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_d%27art" title="Film d'art">Film d'art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_gris" title="Film gris">Film gris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Cinema" title="Free Cinema">Free Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_New_Wave" title="French New Wave">French New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_expressionist_cinema" title="German expressionist cinema">German Expressionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_underground_horror" title="German underground horror">German underground horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Nigerian_Cinema" title="Golden Age of Nigerian Cinema">Nigerian Golden Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grupo_Cine_Liberaci%C3%B3n" title="Grupo Cine Liberación">Grupo Cine Liberación</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heimatfilm" title="Heimatfilm">Heimatfilm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollywood_on_the_Tiber" title="Hollywood on the Tiber">Hollywood on the Tiber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_New_Wave" title="Hong Kong New Wave">Hong Kong New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiewood" title="Indiewood">Indiewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_New_Wave" title="Iranian New Wave">Iranian New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_futurism_in_cinema" title="Italian futurism in cinema">Italian futurist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_neorealism" title="Italian neorealism">Italian neorealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_New_Wave" title="Japanese New Wave">Japanese New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kammerspielfilm" title="Kammerspielfilm">Kammerspielfilm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L.A._Rebellion" title="L.A. Rebellion">L.A. Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lettrism" title="Lettrism">Lettrist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernist_film" title="Modernist film">Modernist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumblecore" title="Mumblecore">Mumblecore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neorealism_(art)" title="Neorealism (art)">Neorealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Extremity" class="mw-redirect" title="New Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_German_Cinema" title="New German Cinema">New German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_generation_(Malayalam_film_movement)" title="New generation (Malayalam film movement)">New generation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hollywood" title="New Hollywood">New Hollywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Nigerian_Cinema" title="New Nigerian Cinema">New Nollywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_queer_cinema" title="New queer cinema">New Queer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_Wave_Cinema" class="mw-redirect" title="No Wave Cinema">No wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuevo_Cine_Mexicano" title="Nuevo Cine Mexicano">Nuevo Cine Mexicano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Indian_film" title="Pan-Indian film">Pan-Indian film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_cinema" title="Parallel cinema">Parallel cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filmfarsi" title="Filmfarsi">Persian Film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poetic_realism" title="Poetic realism">Poetic realist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Film_School" title="Polish Film School">Polish Film School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poliziotteschi" title="Poliziotteschi">Poliziotteschi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Prague_film_school" title="The Prague film school">The Prague film school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prussian_film" title="Prussian film">Prussian film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pure_Film_Movement" title="Pure Film Movement">Pure Film Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remodernist_film" title="Remodernist film">Remodernist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_New_Wave" title="Romanian New Wave">Romanian New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_cinema" title="Slow cinema">Slow cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaghetti_Western" title="Spaghetti Western">Spaghetti Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_realism" title="Socialist realism">Socialist realist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_realism" title="Social realism">Social realist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen_sink_realism" title="Kitchen sink realism">Kitchen sink realism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_parallel_cinema" title="Soviet parallel cinema">Soviet parallel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structural_film" title="Structural film">Structural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrealist_cinema" title="Surrealist cinema">Surrealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword-and-sandal" title="Sword-and-sandal">Sword-and-sandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telefoni_Bianchi" title="Telefoni Bianchi">Telefoni Bianchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Cinema" title="Third Cinema">Third Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_New_Wave" title="Toronto New Wave">Toronto New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulgar_auteurism" title="Vulgar auteurism">Vulgar auteurism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Black_Wave" title="Yugoslav Black Wave">Yugoslav Black Wave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By demographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pornographic_film" title="Pornographic film">Adult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_film" title="Black film">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_film" title="Children's film">Children and family</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_anime_and_manga" title="Children's anime and manga">Anime</a></li></ul></li> <li>Men <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seinen_manga" title="Seinen manga">Seinen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stag_film" title="Stag film">Stag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teen_film" title="Teen film">Teen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dnen_manga" title="Shōnen manga">Shōnen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Djo_manga" title="Shōjo manga">Shōjo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woman%27s_film" title="Woman's film">Women</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chick_flick" title="Chick flick">Chick flick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josei_manga" title="Josei manga">Josei</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By format,<br /> technique,<br /> approach,<br /> or production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3D_film" title="3D film">3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actuality_film" title="Actuality film">Actuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animation" title="Animation">Animation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anime" title="Anime">Anime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthouse_animation" title="Arthouse animation">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animated_cartoon" class="mw-redirect" title="Animated cartoon">Cartoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_animation" title="Computer animation">Computer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stop_motion" title="Stop motion">Stop-motion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_animation" title="Traditional animation">Traditional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthology_film" title="Anthology film">Anthology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_film" title="Art film">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B_movie" title="B movie">B movie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Behind-the-scenes" title="Behind-the-scenes">Behind-the-scenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-and-white" title="Black-and-white">Black-and-white</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockbuster_(entertainment)" title="Blockbuster (entertainment)">Blockbuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cin%C3%A9ma_v%C3%A9rit%C3%A9" title="Cinéma vérité">Cinéma vérité</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Hollywood_cinema" title="Classical Hollywood cinema">Classical Hollywood cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collage_film" title="Collage film">Collage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_motion_picture_film" title="Color motion picture film">Color</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compilation_film" title="Compilation film">Compilation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Composite_film" title="Composite film">Composite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screenlife" title="Screenlife">Computer screen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cult_film" title="Cult film">Cult</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Midnight_movie" title="Midnight movie">midnight movie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Database_cinema" title="Database cinema">Database cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docufiction" title="Docufiction">Docufiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnofiction" title="Ethnofiction">Ethnofiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_film" title="Experimental film">Experimental</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abstract_animation" class="mw-redirect" title="Abstract animation">Abstract</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feature_film" title="Feature film">Feature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Featurette" title="Featurette">Featurette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_%C3%A0_clef" title="Film à clef">Film à clef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film-poem" title="Film-poem">Film-poem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Found_footage_(film_technique)" title="Found footage (film technique)">Found footage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperlink_cinema" title="Hyperlink cinema">Hyperlink cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_film" title="Independent film">Independent</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_filmmaking" title="Guerrilla filmmaking">Guerrilla filmmaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_independent_films" title="List of American independent films">List of American independent films</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstitial_art" title="Interstitial art">Interstitial art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_action" title="Live action">Live action</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_with_live_action_and_animation" title="List of films with live action and animation">animation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low-budget_film" title="Low-budget film">Low-budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_film_studios" title="Major film studios">Major film studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masala_film" title="Masala film">Masala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximalist_film" title="Maximalist film">Maximalist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Message_picture" title="Message picture">Message picture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metacinema" title="Metacinema">Meta-film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimalist_film" title="Minimalist film">Minimalist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mockbuster" title="Mockbuster">Mockbuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernist_film" title="Modernist film">Modernist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_short" title="Musical short">Musical short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mythopoeia" title="Mythopoeia">Mythopoeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neorealism_(art)" title="Neorealism (art)">Neorealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No-budget_film" title="No-budget film">No-budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-shot_film" title="One-shot film">One-shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paracinema" title="Paracinema">Paracinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Participatory_cinema" title="Participatory cinema">Participatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poetry_film" title="Poetry film">Poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmodernist_film" title="Postmodernist film">Postmodernist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverse_motion" title="Reverse motion">Reverse motion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satire_(film_and_television)" title="Satire (film and television)">Satire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sceneggiata" title="Sceneggiata">Sceneggiata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semidocumentary" title="Semidocumentary">Semidocumentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_film" title="Serial film">Serial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinpa" title="Shinpa">Shinpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_film" title="Short film">Short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silent_film" title="Silent film">Silent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_cinema" title="Slow cinema">Slow cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_realism" title="Socialist realism">Socialist realist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_film" title="Sound film">Sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underground_film" title="Underground film">Underground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_nasty" title="Video nasty">Video nasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulgar_auteurism" title="Vulgar auteurism">Vulgar auteurism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z_movie" title="Z movie">Z movie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" 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