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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wobble_bass" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wobble_bass"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Wobble bass </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wobble_bass-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 Structure </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultural_elements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultural_elements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 Cultural elements </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultural_elements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 History </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle History subsection </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1999–2002:_Origins" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1999–2002:_Origins"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 1999–2002: Origins </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1999–2002:_Origins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2002–2005:_Evolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2002–2005:_Evolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 2002–2005: Evolution </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2002–2005:_Evolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2005–2008:_Growth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2005–2008:_Growth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 2005–2008: Growth </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2005–2008:_Growth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2008:_Purple_sound" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2008:_Purple_sound"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.1 2008: Purple sound </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2008:_Purple_sound-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2009–2014:_Mainstream_popularity_and_Brostep" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2009–2014:_Mainstream_popularity_and_Brostep"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 2009–2014: Mainstream popularity and Brostep </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2009–2014:_Mainstream_popularity_and_Brostep-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2011:_Post-dubstep" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2011:_Post-dubstep"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4.1 2011: Post-dubstep </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2011:_Post-dubstep-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2011:_Brostep_and_American_developments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2011:_Brostep_and_American_developments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4.2 2011: Brostep and American developments </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2011:_Brostep_and_American_developments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2012–2013:_Riddim" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2012–2013:_Riddim"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4.3 2012–2013: Riddim </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2012–2013:_Riddim-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2014–present:_Decline_in_mainstream_popularity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2014–present:_Decline_in_mainstream_popularity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 2014–present: Decline in mainstream popularity </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2014–present:_Decline_in_mainstream_popularity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2016–present:_Colour_bass" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2016–present:_Colour_bass"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5.1 2016–present: Colour bass </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2016–present:_Colour_bass-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button 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Available in 48 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" > 48 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A8" title="دبستيب – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دبستيب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dabstep" title="Dabstep – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dabstep" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8A%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF" title="Дъбстеп – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Дъбстеп" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%BE" title="دابستپ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دابستپ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8D%A5%EC%8A%A4%ED%85%9D" title="덥스텝 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="덥스텝" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B4%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%BA" title="Դաբստեպ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Դաբստեպ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%90%D7%91%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A4" title="דאבסטפ – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דאבסטפ" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98" title="დაბსტეპი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დაბსტეპი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dabsteps" title="Dabsteps – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Dabsteps" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%92%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%98%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%90%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA" title="ဒက်ဘ်စတပ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဒက်ဘ်စတပ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%80%E3%83%96%E3%82%B9%E3%83%86%E3%83%83%E3%83%97" title="ダブステップ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ダブステップ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Napulitano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF" title="Дабстеп – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дабстеп" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8E%D9%BE" title="دەبستێپ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دەبستێپ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dabstep" title="Dabstep – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Dabstep" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%8A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%9B" title="ดั๊บสเตป – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ดั๊บสเตป" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF" title="Дабстеп – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Дабстеп" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Dubstep" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q20474#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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.infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Dubstep</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Stylistic origins</th><td class="infobox-data hlist"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/2-step_garage" title="2-step garage">2-step</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/UK_garage" title="UK garage">UK garage</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Dub_music" title="Dub music">dub</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Breakbeat" title="Breakbeat">breakbeat</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Grime_(music_genre)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grime (music genre)">grime</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Reggae" title="Reggae">reggae</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jungle_music" title="Jungle music">jungle</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Drum_and_bass" title="Drum and bass">drum and bass</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cultural origins</th><td class="infobox-data hlist">Early 2000s, London, England, United Kingdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Derivative forms</th><td class="infobox-data hlist"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brostep" title="Brostep">Brostep</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Future_garage" title="Future garage">future garage</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Post-dubstep" title="Post-dubstep">post-dubstep</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Riddim_(genre)" title="Riddim (genre)">riddim</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Trap_music_(EDM)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trap music (EDM)">trap music (EDM)</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Other topics</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data hlist"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dubstep_musicians" title="List of dubstep musicians">List of musicians</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Dubstep is a genre of <a href="/wiki/Electronic_dance_music" title="Electronic dance music">electronic dance music</a> that originated in <a href="/wiki/South_London" title="South London">South London</a> in the early 2000s. The style emerged as a <a href="/wiki/UK_garage" title="UK garage">UK garage</a> offshoot<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> that blended <a href="/wiki/2-step_garage" title="2-step garage">2-step</a> rhythms and sparse <a href="/wiki/Dub_reggae" class="mw-redirect" title="Dub reggae">dub</a> production, as well as incorporating elements of <a href="/wiki/Broken_beat" title="Broken beat">broken beat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grime_(music_genre)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grime (music genre)">grime</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Drum_and_bass" title="Drum and bass">drum and bass</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Reynolds-2">[2]</a> In the United Kingdom, the origins of the genre can be traced back to the growth of the Jamaican <a href="/wiki/Sound_system_(Jamaican)" title="Sound system (Jamaican)">sound system</a> party scene in the early 1980s.<a href="#cite_note-Reynolds-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> Dubstep is generally characterised by the use of <a href="/wiki/Syncopation" title="Syncopation">syncopated</a> rhythmic <a href="/wiki/Drum_pattern" class="mw-redirect" title="Drum pattern">patterns</a>, with prominent <a href="/wiki/Bass_(sound)" title="Bass (sound)">basslines</a>, and a dark tone. In 2001, this underground sound and other strains of garage music began to be showcased and promoted at London's night club Plastic People, at the "Forward" night (sometimes stylised as FWD>>), and on the <a href="/wiki/UK_pirate_radio" class="mw-redirect" title="UK pirate radio">pirate radio</a> station <a href="/wiki/Rinse_FM" title="Rinse FM">Rinse FM</a>, which went on to be considerably influential to the development of dubstep. The term "dubstep" in reference to a genre of music began to be used by around 2002 by <a href="/wiki/Record_label" title="Record label">labels</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Big_Apple_Records" title="Big Apple Records">Big Apple</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammunition_(Record_Label)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ammunition (Record Label) (page does not exist)">Ammunition</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tempa_Recordings" title="Tempa Recordings">Tempa</a>, by which time stylistic trends used in these remixes became more noticeable and distinct from 2-step and <a href="/wiki/Grime_music" title="Grime music">grime</a>.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> A very early supporter of the sound was <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_1" title="BBC Radio 1">BBC Radio 1</a> DJ <a href="/wiki/John_Peel" title="John Peel">John Peel</a>, who started playing it from 2003 onwards. In 2004, the last year of his show, a listeners vote included songs by <a href="/wiki/Distance_(musician)" title="Distance (musician)">Distance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Mystikz" title="Digital Mystikz">Digital Mystikz</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Plastician" title="Plastician">Plastician</a> as the top 50 for the year.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> Dubstep started to enter mainstream <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Culture of the United Kingdom">British popular culture</a> when it spread beyond small local scenes in late 2005 and early 2006; many websites devoted to the genre appeared on the <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a> and aided the growth of the scene, such as dubstepforum, the download site Barefiles and blogs such as gutterbreakz.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> Simultaneously, the genre was receiving extensive coverage in music magazines such as <a href="/wiki/The_Wire_(magazine)" title="The Wire (magazine)">The Wire</a> and online publications such as <a href="/wiki/Pitchfork_(website)" title="Pitchfork (website)">Pitchfork</a>, with a regular feature entitled The Month In: Grime/Dubstep. Interest in dubstep grew significantly after BBC Radio 1 DJ <a href="/wiki/Mary_Anne_Hobbs" title="Mary Anne Hobbs">Mary Anne Hobbs</a> started championing the genre, beginning with a show devoted to it (entitled "Dubstep Warz") in January 2006.<a href="#cite_note-teleg-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-Time1-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-Pitch1-9">[9]</a> Towards the end of the 2000s and into the early 2010s, the genre started to become more commercially successful in the UK, with more singles and remixes entering the music charts. Music journalists and critics also noticed a dubstep influence in several pop artists' work. Around this time, producers also began to fuse elements of the original dubstep sound with other influences, creating fusion genres including <a href="/wiki/Future_garage" title="Future garage">future garage</a> and the slower and more experimental <a href="/wiki/Post-dubstep" title="Post-dubstep">post-dubstep</a>. The harsher <a href="/wiki/Electro-house" class="mw-redirect" title="Electro-house">electro-house</a> and <a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_music" title="Heavy metal music">heavy metal</a>-influenced variant <a href="/wiki/Brostep" title="Brostep">brostep</a>, led by American producers such as <a href="/wiki/Skrillex" title="Skrillex">Skrillex</a>, greatly contributed to dubstep's popularity in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Blackleg_-_Smoke_Test_(excerpt).ogg" title="File:Blackleg - Smoke Test (excerpt).ogg">Dubstep rhythm example</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="113" data-mwtitle="Blackleg_-_Smoke_Test_(excerpt).ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Blackleg_-_Smoke_Test_%28excerpt%29.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/19/Blackleg_-_Smoke_Test_%28excerpt%29.ogg/Blackleg_-_Smoke_Test_%28excerpt%29.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></div> <div class="description">Excerpt demonstrating the rhythmic tension generated between the drum rhythm and bassline. This song features a very sparse rhythm almost entirely composed of <a href="/wiki/Kick_drum" class="mw-redirect" title="Kick drum">kick drum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Snare_drum" title="Snare drum">snare drum</a>, and a sparse <a href="/wiki/Hi-hat_(instrument)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hi-hat (instrument)">hi-hat</a>, with a distinctly <a href="/wiki/Half_time_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Half time (music)">half time</a> implied 71bpm tempo. The track is instead propelled by a sub-bass following a four-to-the-floor 142bpm pattern.</div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr />Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</div> </div> The music website <a href="/wiki/AllMusic" title="AllMusic">AllMusic</a> has described dubstep's overall sound as "tightly coiled productions with overwhelming bass lines and reverberant drum patterns, clipped samples, and occasional vocals."<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Simon_Reynolds" title="Simon Reynolds">Simon Reynolds</a>, dubstep's constituents originally came from "different points in the 1989—99 UK lineage: bleep 'n' bass, jungle, <a href="/wiki/Techstep" title="Techstep">techstep</a>, <a href="/wiki/Photek" title="Photek">Photek</a>-style <a href="/wiki/Neurofunk" title="Neurofunk">neurofunk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Speed_garage" title="Speed garage">speed garage</a>, [and] 2 step."<a href="#cite_note-Reynolds-2">[2]</a> Reynolds comments that the traces of pre-existing styles "worked through their intrinsic sonic effects but also as signifiers, tokenings-back addressed to those who know".<a href="#cite_note-Reynolds-2">[2]</a> Dubstep's early roots are in the more experimental releases of UK garage producers, seeking to incorporate elements of <a href="/wiki/Drum_and_bass" title="Drum and bass">drum and bass</a> into the <a href="/wiki/2-step_garage" title="2-step garage">2-step garage</a> sound. These experiments often ended up on the B-side of a <a href="/wiki/White_label" title="White label">white label</a> or commercial garage release.<a href="#cite_note-teleg-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-wire279-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-plastician-13">[13]</a> Dubstep is generally <a href="/wiki/Instrumental_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Instrumental music">instrumental</a>. Similar to a vocal <a href="/wiki/UK_Garage" class="mw-redirect" title="UK Garage">garage</a> hybrid – <a href="/wiki/Grime_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grime (music)">grime</a> – the genre's feel is commonly dark; tracks frequently use a <a href="/wiki/Minor_key" class="mw-redirect" title="Minor key">minor key</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Phrygian_mode" title="Phrygian mode">Phrygian mode</a>, and can feature <a href="/wiki/Consonance_and_dissonance" title="Consonance and dissonance">dissonant</a> harmonies such as the <a href="/wiki/Tritone" title="Tritone">tritone interval</a> within a riff.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> Compared to other styles of garage music, dubstep tends to be more minimalistic, focusing on prominent <a href="/wiki/Sub-bass" title="Sub-bass">sub-bass</a> frequencies.<a href="#cite_note-cbc-15">[15]</a> Some dubstep artists have also incorporated a variety of outside influences, from dub-influenced <a href="/wiki/Techno" title="Techno">techno</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Basic_Channel" title="Basic Channel">Basic Channel</a> to classical music or <a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_music" title="Heavy metal music">heavy metal</a>.<a href="#cite_note-cbc-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-Pitch5-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-RA101-17">[17]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rhythm">Rhythm</h3></div> Dubstep <a href="/wiki/Rhythm" title="Rhythm">rhythms</a> are usually <a href="/wiki/Syncopation" title="Syncopation">syncopated</a>, and often <a href="/wiki/Swung_note" class="mw-redirect" title="Swung note">shuffled</a> or incorporating <a href="/wiki/Tuplet" title="Tuplet">tuplets</a>. The tempo is nearly always in the range of 132–142 <a href="/wiki/Beats_per_minute" class="mw-redirect" title="Beats per minute">beats per minute</a>, with a clap or snare usually inserted every third beat in a bar. With a large majority of releases at 140bpm, the genre (as well as others, including grime) is sometimes referred to as "140".<a href="#cite_note-cbc-15">[15]</a> In its early stages, dubstep was often more percussive, with more influences from two‑step drum patterns. Many producers were also experimenting with tribal drum samples, such as <a href="/wiki/Loefah" title="Loefah">Loefah's</a> early release "Truly Dread" and Mala's "Anti-War Dub". In an Invisible Jukebox interview with The Wire, <a href="/wiki/Kode9" title="Kode9">Kode9</a> commented on a <a href="/wiki/MRK1" title="MRK1">MRK1</a> track, observing that listeners "have internalized the double-time rhythm" and the "track is so empty it makes [the listener] nervous, and you almost fill in the double time yourself, physically, to compensate".<a href="#cite_note-Wire269-18">[18]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wobble_bass">Wobble bass</h3></div> One characteristic of certain strands of dubstep is the wobble <a href="/wiki/Bass_music" title="Bass music">bass</a>, often referred to as the "wub", where an extended bass note is manipulated rhythmically. This style of bass is typically produced by using a <a href="/wiki/Low-frequency_oscillator" class="mw-redirect" title="Low-frequency oscillator">low-frequency oscillator</a> to manipulate certain parameters of a synthesiser such as <a href="/wiki/Sound_pressure" title="Sound pressure">volume</a>, <a href="/wiki/Distortion_pedal#Physics_of_clipping" class="mw-redirect" title="Distortion pedal">distortion</a> or <a href="/wiki/Filter_cutoff" class="mw-redirect" title="Filter cutoff">filter cutoff</a>. The resulting sound is a <a href="/wiki/Timbre" title="Timbre">timbre</a> that is punctuated by rhythmic variations in volume, filter cutoff, or distortion. This style of bass is a driving factor in some variations of dubstep, particularly at the more club-friendly end of the spectrum.<a href="#cite_note-Wobble-19">[19]</a> Wobble bass has been nicknamed Wobble-step.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Structure">Structure</h3></div> Originally, dubstep releases had some <a href="/wiki/Song_structure_(popular_music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Song structure (popular music)">structural</a> similarities to other genres like <a href="/wiki/Drum_and_bass" title="Drum and bass">drum and bass</a> and UK garage. Typically, this would comprise an <a href="/wiki/Introduction_(music)" title="Introduction (music)">intro</a>, a main section (often incorporating a <a href="/wiki/Bass_drop" class="mw-redirect" title="Bass drop">bass drop</a>), a <a href="/wiki/Bridge_(music)" title="Bridge (music)">midsection</a>, a second main section similar to the first (often with another drop), and an <a href="/wiki/Conclusion_(music)" title="Conclusion (music)">outro</a>. Many early dubstep tracks incorporate one or more "bass drops", a characteristic inherited from drum and bass. Typically, the percussion will pause, often reducing the track to silence, and then resume with more intensity, accompanied by a dominant sub-bass (often passing <a href="/wiki/Portamento" title="Portamento">portamento</a> through an entire <a href="/wiki/Octave" title="Octave">octave</a> or more, as in the audio example). It is very common for the bass to drop at or very close to 55 seconds into the song, because 55 seconds is just over 32 measures at the common tempo of 140 bpm. However, this (or the existence of a bass drop in general) is by no means a completely rigid characteristic, rather a trope; a large portion of seminal tunes from producers like <a href="/wiki/Kode9" title="Kode9">Kode9</a> and <a href="/wiki/Horsepower_Productions" title="Horsepower Productions">Horsepower Productions</a> have more experimental song structures which do not rely on a drop for a dynamic peak – and in some instances do not feature a bass drop at all. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cultural_elements">Cultural elements</h3></div> Rewinds (or reloads)<a href="#cite_note-Nice1-21">[21]</a> are another technique used by dubstep DJs. If a song seems to be especially popular then someone, most often the DJ, will rewind the record by hand without lifting the stylus and play the track again. Because the stylus has not been lifted (or, on <a href="/wiki/CDJ" title="CDJ">electronic turntables</a>, the channel has not been muted), a whirring noise is produced. Rewinds are also an important live element in many of dubstep's precursors; the technique originates in dub <a href="/wiki/Reggae" title="Reggae">reggae</a> <a href="/wiki/Sound_system_(DJ)" title="Sound system (DJ)">soundsystems</a>, is widely employed by pirate radio stations and is also used at UK garage and jungle nights.<a href="#cite_note-Clark4-22">[22]</a> Taking direct cues from <a href="/wiki/Music_of_Jamaica" title="Music of Jamaica">Jamaica</a>'s lyrically sparse <a href="/wiki/Deejay_(Jamaican)" class="mw-redirect" title="Deejay (Jamaican)">deejay and toasting</a> mic styles in the vein of reggae pioneers like <a href="/wiki/U-Roy" title="U-Roy">U-Roy</a>, the MC's role in dubstep's live experience is critically important to its impact.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> Notable mainstays in the live experience of the sound are MC Sgt Pokes and MC Crazy D from London, and <a href="/wiki/Juakali" title="Juakali">Juakali</a> from Trinidad.<a href="#cite_note-nymag.com-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> Production in a studio environment seems to lend itself to more experimentation. Kode9 collaborated extensively with <a href="/wiki/The_Spaceape" title="The Spaceape">the Spaceape</a>, who MCed in a <a href="/wiki/Rastafarian_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Rastafarian music">dread poet</a> style. <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Martin_(English_musician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kevin Martin (English musician)">Kevin Martin</a>'s experiments with the genre are almost exclusively collaborations with MCs such as Warrior Queen, <a href="/wiki/Roll_Deep" title="Roll Deep">Flowdan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tippa_Irie" title="Tippa Irie">Tippa Irie</a>. <a href="/wiki/Skream" title="Skream">Skream</a> has also featured Warrior Queen and grime artist <a href="/wiki/Jamie_Adenuga" class="mw-redirect" title="Jamie Adenuga">JME</a> on his debut album, <a href="/wiki/Skream!_(album)" class="mw-redirect" title="Skream! (album)">Skream!</a>. <a href="/wiki/Plastician" title="Plastician">Plastician</a>, who was one of the first DJ's to mix the sound of grime and dubstep together,<a href="#cite_note-Pitch5-16">[16]</a> has worked with notable grime setup <a href="/wiki/Boy_Better_Know" title="Boy Better Know">Boy Better Know</a> as well as renowned Grime MC's such as Wiley, <a href="/wiki/Dizzee_Rascal" title="Dizzee Rascal">Dizzee Rascal</a> and Lethal Bizzle. He has also released tracks with a dubstep foundation and grime verses over the beats.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> Dubstep artist and label co-owner <a href="/wiki/Skull_Disco" title="Skull Disco">Sam Shackleton</a> has moved toward productions which fall outside the usual dubstep tempo, and sometimes entirely lack most of the common tropes of the genre.<a href="#cite_note-wire281-29">[29]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1999–2002:_Origins">1999–2002: Origins</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Big_Apple_Records_circa_2000.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Big_Apple_Records_circa_2000.jpg/220px-Big_Apple_Records_circa_2000.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Big_Apple_Records_circa_2000.jpg/330px-Big_Apple_Records_circa_2000.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Big_Apple_Records_circa_2000.jpg/440px-Big_Apple_Records_circa_2000.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="482" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Big_Apple_Records" title="Big Apple Records">Big Apple Records</a> shop in <a href="/wiki/Croydon" title="Croydon">Croydon</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_London" title="South London">South London</a></figcaption></figure> The early sounds of proto-dubstep originally came out of productions during 1999–2000 by producers such as Oris Jay,<a href="#cite_note-RA101-17">[17]</a> <a href="/wiki/El-B" title="El-B">El-B</a>,<a href="#cite_note-wire279-12">[12]</a> Steve Gurley<a href="#cite_note-wire279-12">[12]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zed_Bias" title="Zed Bias">Zed Bias</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Mugan-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-Pitch3-31">[31]</a> Neil Jolliffe of <a href="/wiki/Tempa_Recordings" title="Tempa Recordings">Tempa Recordings</a> coined the term "dubstep" in 2002.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> Ammunition Promotions, who run the influential club night Forward>> and have managed many proto-dubstep record labels (including Tempa, Soulja, Road, Vehicle, Shelflife, Texture, Lifestyle and Bingo),<a href="#cite_note-Time1-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-RA101-17">[17]</a> began to use the term "dubstep" to describe this style of music in around 2002. The term's use in a 2002 <a href="/wiki/XLR8R" title="XLR8R">XLR8R</a> cover story (featuring <a href="/wiki/Horsepower_Productions" title="Horsepower Productions">Horsepower Productions</a> on the cover) contributed to it becoming established as the name of the genre.<a href="#cite_note-Mugan-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-Keast-33">[33]</a> Forward>> was originally held at the Velvet Rooms in London's <a href="/wiki/Soho" title="Soho">Soho</a> and later moved to Plastic People in <a href="/wiki/Shoreditch" title="Shoreditch">Shoreditch</a>, east London.<a href="#cite_note-cbc-15">[15]</a> Founded in 2001, Forward>> was critical to the development of dubstep, providing the first venue devoted to the sound and an environment in which dubstep producers could premier new music.<a href="#cite_note-djmag-34">[34]</a> Around this time, Forward>> was also incubating several other strains of dark garage hybrids, so much so that in the early days of the club the coming together of these strains was referred to as the "Forward>> sound".<a href="#cite_note-Pitch4/06-35">[35]</a> An online flyer from around this time encapsulated the Forward>> sound as "b-lines to make your chest cavity shudder."<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> Forward>> also ran a radio show on east London pirate station <a href="/wiki/Rinse_FM" title="Rinse FM">Rinse FM</a>, hosted by <a href="/wiki/Kode9" title="Kode9">Kode9</a>.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> The original Forward>> line ups included <a href="/wiki/Hatcha" class="mw-redirect" title="Hatcha">Hatcha</a>, Youngsta, Kode 9, Zed Bias, Oris Jay,<a href="#cite_note-RA101-17">[17]</a> Slaughter Mob, Jay Da Flex, <a href="/wiki/DJ_Slimzee" title="DJ Slimzee">DJ Slimzee</a>, and others, plus regular guests. The line up of residents has changed over the years to include Youngsta, Hatcha, Geeneus, and <a href="/wiki/Plastician" title="Plastician">Plastician</a>, with Crazy D as MC/host. Producers including D1, Skream and <a href="/wiki/Benga_(musician)" title="Benga (musician)">Benga</a> make regular appearances.<a href="#cite_note-djmag-34">[34]</a><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DubwarDeepMedi24.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Man sitting in a studio before two turntables and audio turning buttons, adjusting the sound as he listens over earphones." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/DubwarDeepMedi24.jpg/220px-DubwarDeepMedi24.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/DubwarDeepMedi24.jpg/330px-DubwarDeepMedi24.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/DubwarDeepMedi24.jpg/440px-DubwarDeepMedi24.jpg 2x" data-file-width="504" data-file-height="378" /></a><figcaption>Mala of <a href="/wiki/Digital_Mystikz" title="Digital Mystikz">Digital Mystikz</a>, one of the pioneers of dubstep music</figcaption></figure>Another crucial element in the early development of dubstep was the <a href="/wiki/Big_Apple_Records" title="Big Apple Records">Big Apple Records</a> record shop in <a href="/wiki/Croydon" title="Croydon">Croydon</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Time1-8">[8]</a> Key artists such as Hatcha and later Skream worked in the shop (which initially sold early UK Hardcore / Rave, Techno and House and later, garage and drum and bass, but evolved with the emerging dubstep scene in the area),<a href="#cite_note-wire279-12">[12]</a> while Digital Mystikz were frequent visitors. El-B, Zed Bias, <a href="/wiki/Horsepower_Productions" title="Horsepower Productions">Horsepower Productions</a>, Plastician, N Type, Walsh and a young Loefah regularly visited the shop as well.<a href="#cite_note-Time1-8">[8]</a> The shop and its record label have since closed.<a href="#cite_note-Mugan-30">[30]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2002–2005:_Evolution">2002–2005: Evolution</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Skream_at_Metropolis_Leeds.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Person who looks to be a teenage male putting a turntable needle on a record in a studio." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Skream_at_Metropolis_Leeds.jpg/220px-Skream_at_Metropolis_Leeds.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Skream_at_Metropolis_Leeds.jpg/330px-Skream_at_Metropolis_Leeds.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Skream_at_Metropolis_Leeds.jpg/440px-Skream_at_Metropolis_Leeds.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="718" /></a><figcaption>Dubstep producer <a href="/wiki/Skream" title="Skream">Skream</a>, one of the most widely known names on the scene since the beginning of the Dubstep movement</figcaption></figure> All throughout 2003, DJ Hatcha pioneered a new direction for dubstep on Rinse FM and through his sets at Forward>>.<a href="#cite_note-Time1-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-Pitch3-31">[31]</a> Playing sets cut to 10" one-off reggae-style <a href="/wiki/Dubplate" title="Dubplate">dubplates</a>, he drew exclusively from a pool of new South London producers—first <a href="/wiki/Benga_(musician)" title="Benga (musician)">Benga</a> and Skream,<a href="#cite_note-Pitch3-31">[31]</a> then also Digital Mystikz and Loefah—to begin a dark, clipped and minimal new direction in dubstep.<a href="#cite_note-Pitch6/05-38">[38]</a> At the end of 2003, running independently from the pioneering FWD night, an event called Filthy Dub, co promoted by <a href="/wiki/Plastician" title="Plastician">Plastician</a>, and partner David Carlisle started happening regularly. It was there that Skream, Benga, N Type, Walsh, Chef, Loefah, and Cyrus made their debuts as DJs. South London collective Digital Mystikz (Mala and Coki), along with labelmates and collaborators Loefah and MC Sgt Pokes soon came into their own, bringing sound system thinking, <a href="/wiki/Dub_music" title="Dub music">dub</a> values, and appreciation of <a href="/wiki/Oldschool_jungle" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldschool jungle">jungle</a> bass weight to the dubstep scene.<a href="#cite_note-Mugan-30">[30]</a> Digital Mystikz brought an expanded palette of sounds and influences to the genre, most prominently reggae and dub, as well as orchestral melodies.<a href="#cite_note-Pitch2-39">[39]</a> After releasing <a href="/wiki/12-inch_single" class="mw-redirect" title="12-inch single">12-inch singles</a> on Big Apple, they founded DMZ Records, which has released fourteen 12"s to date. They also began their night DMZ, held every two months in <a href="/wiki/Brixton" title="Brixton">Brixton</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Clash-40">[40]</a> a part of London already strongly associated with reggae.<a href="#cite_note-Pitch5/05-41">[41]</a> DMZ has showcased new dubstep artists such as Skream, Kode 9, Benga, <a href="/wiki/Pinch_(dubstep_musician)" title="Pinch (dubstep musician)">Pinch</a>, DJ Youngsta, Hijak, <a href="/wiki/Joe_Nice" title="Joe Nice">Joe Nice</a>, and Vex'd. DMZ's first anniversary event (at the Mass venue, a converted church) saw fans attending from places as far away as <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, the United States, and Australia, leading to a queue of 600 people at the event.<a href="#cite_note-RWD-42">[42]</a> This forced the club to move from its regular 400-capacity space<a href="#cite_note-Pitch1-9">[9]</a> to Mass' main room, an event cited as a pivotal moment in dubstep's history.<a href="#cite_note-RA101-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> Later Mala would also found the influential label <a href="/wiki/Deep_Medi_Musik" title="Deep Medi Musik">Deep Medi Musik</a>.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> In 2004, <a href="/wiki/Aphex_Twin" title="Aphex Twin">Richard James</a>' label, <a href="/wiki/Rephlex" class="mw-redirect" title="Rephlex">Rephlex</a>, released two compilations that included dubstep tracks – the (perhaps misnamed) Grime and Grime 2. The first featured Plasticman, Mark One and Slaughter Mob,<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> with Kode9, Loefah, and Digital Mystikz appearing on the second.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> These compilations helped to raise awareness of dubstep at a time when the grime sound was drawing more attention,<a href="#cite_note-Mugan-30">[30]</a> and Digital Mystikz and Loefah's presence on the second release contributed to the success of their DMZ club night.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> Soon afterwards, the <a href="/wiki/Independent_on_Sunday" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent on Sunday">Independent on Sunday</a> commented on "a whole new sound", at a time when both genres were becoming popular, stating that "grime" and "dubstep" were two names for the same style, which was also known as "sublow", "8-bar", and "eskibeat".<a href="#cite_note-IOS-48">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2005–2008:_Growth">2005–2008: Growth</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BMSohoDubstepRack.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Two vertical columns of binds holding records in paper sleeves for sale. Lettering identifying each bin is by hand." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/BMSohoDubstepRack.jpg/170px-BMSohoDubstepRack.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/BMSohoDubstepRack.jpg/255px-BMSohoDubstepRack.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/BMSohoDubstepRack.jpg/340px-BMSohoDubstepRack.jpg 2x" data-file-width="504" data-file-height="672" /></a><figcaption>Dubstep Section at Black Market Records, <a href="/wiki/Soho" title="Soho">Soho</a>, London</figcaption></figure> In the summer of 2005, Forward>> brought grime DJs to the fore of the line up.<a href="#cite_note-Clark5-49">[49]</a> Building on the success of Skream's grimey anthem "Midnight Request Line", the hype around the DMZ night and support from online forums (notably dubstepforum.com)<a href="#cite_note-cbc-15">[15]</a> and media,<a href="#cite_note-Pitch1-9">[9]</a> the scene gained prominence after Radio 1 DJ Mary Anne Hobbs gathered top figures from the scene for one show, entitled "Dubstep Warz", (later releasing the <a href="/wiki/Compilation_album" title="Compilation album">compilation album</a> <a href="/wiki/Warrior_Dubz" title="Warrior Dubz">Warrior Dubz</a>).<a href="#cite_note-RWD-42">[42]</a> The show created a new global audience for the scene, after years of exclusively UK underground buzz.<a href="#cite_note-cbc-15">[15]</a> <a href="/wiki/Burial_(musician)" title="Burial (musician)">Burial</a>'s self-titled album appearing in many critics' "Best of ..." lists for the year, notably The Wire's Best Album of 2006.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> The sound was also featured prominently in the <a href="/wiki/Children_of_Men_(soundtracks)" class="mw-redirect" title="Children of Men (soundtracks)">soundtrack</a> for the 2006 sci-fi film <a href="/wiki/Children_of_Men" title="Children of Men">Children of Men</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Reynolds2007-51">[51]</a> which included Digital Mystikz, Random Trio, Kode 9, <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Martin_(English_musician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kevin Martin (English musician)">Pressure</a> and DJ Pinch.<a href="#cite_note-Yahoo-52">[52]</a> Ammunition also released the first retrospective compilation of the 2000–2004 era of dubstep called The Roots of Dubstep, co-compiled by Ammunition and Blackdown on the Tempa Label.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> The sound's first North American ambassador, Baltimore DJ Joe Nice helped kickstart its spread into the continent.<a href="#cite_note-cbc-15">[15]</a> Regular Dubstep club nights started appearing in cities like New York,<a href="#cite_note-TimeNY-54">[54]</a> San Francisco,<a href="#cite_note-Keast-33">[33]</a> Seattle, Montreal, Houston, and Denver,<a href="#cite_note-xlr8r1-55">[55]</a> while Mary Anne Hobbs curated a Dubstep showcase at 2007's <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B3nar" title="Sónar">Sónar</a> festival in Barcelona.<a href="#cite_note-RA101-17">[17]</a> Non-British artists have also won praise within the larger Dubstep community.<a href="#cite_note-RA101-17">[17]</a> The dynamic dubstep scene in Japan is growing quickly despite its cultural and geographical distance from the West. Such DJ/producers as <a href="/wiki/Goth-Trad" title="Goth-Trad">Goth-Trad</a>, Hyaku-mado, Ena and Doppelganger are major figures in the Tokyo scene.<a href="#cite_note-JTimes-56">[56]</a> Joe Nice has played at DMZ,<a href="#cite_note-Clark3-57">[57]</a> while the fifth instalment of Tempa's "Dubstep Allstars" mix series (released in 2007) included tracks by Finnish producer Tes La Rok and Americans JuJu and Matty G.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MaryAnneHobbsOnDecks.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Long-haired, blonde female in low cut sweater and low cut jeans wearing earphones, stands before a studio sound board adjusting the switches." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/MaryAnneHobbsOnDecks.jpg/220px-MaryAnneHobbsOnDecks.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/MaryAnneHobbsOnDecks.jpg/330px-MaryAnneHobbsOnDecks.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/MaryAnneHobbsOnDecks.jpg/440px-MaryAnneHobbsOnDecks.jpg 2x" data-file-width="648" data-file-height="426" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_1" title="BBC Radio 1">BBC Radio 1</a> DJ <a href="/wiki/Mary_Anne_Hobbs" title="Mary Anne Hobbs">Mary Anne Hobbs</a></figcaption></figure> Techno artists and DJs began assimilating dubstep into their sets and productions.<a href="#cite_note-RA101-17">[17]</a> Shackleton's "Blood on My Hands" was remixed by <a href="/wiki/Minimal_techno" title="Minimal techno">minimal techno</a> producer <a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Villalobos" title="Ricardo Villalobos">Ricardo Villalobos</a> (an act reciprocated when Villalobos included a Shackleton mix on his "Vasco" EP)<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> and included on a mix CD by <a href="/wiki/Panoramabar" class="mw-redirect" title="Panoramabar">Panoramabar</a> resident Cassy.<a href="#cite_note-RA101-17">[17]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ellen_Allien" title="Ellen Allien">Ellen Allien</a> and <a href="/wiki/Apparat_(musician)" title="Apparat (musician)">Apparat</a>'s 2006 song "Metric" (from the <a href="/wiki/Orchestra_of_Bubbles" title="Orchestra of Bubbles">Orchestra of Bubbles</a> album),<a href="#cite_note-Orch1-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-Orch2-61">[61]</a> <a href="/wiki/Modeselektor" title="Modeselektor">Modeselektor</a>'s "Godspeed" (from the 2007's Happy Birthday! album, among other tracks on that same album) and Roman Flugel's remix of <a href="/wiki/Riton_(musician)" title="Riton (musician)">Riton</a>'s "Hammer of Thor" are other examples of dubstep-influenced techno.<a href="#cite_note-RA101-17">[17]</a> Berlin's Hard Wax record store (operated by influential<a href="#cite_note-metro-62">[62]</a> dub techno artists Basic Channel)<a href="#cite_note-sherburne1-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-blackdownbc-64">[64]</a> has also championed Shackleton's <a href="/wiki/Skull_Disco" title="Skull Disco">Skull Disco</a> label, later broadening its focus to include other dubstep releases.<a href="#cite_note-Pitch5-16">[16]</a> The summer of 2007 saw dubstep's musical palette expand further, with <a href="/wiki/Benga_(musician)" title="Benga (musician)">Benga</a> and <a href="/wiki/Digital_Mystikz" title="Digital Mystikz">Coki</a> scoring a crossover hit (in a similar manner to Skream's "Midnight Request Line") with the track "Night", which gained widespread play from DJs in a diverse range of genres. <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_1" title="BBC Radio 1">BBC Radio 1</a> DJ <a href="/wiki/Gilles_Peterson" title="Gilles Peterson">Gilles Peterson</a> named it his record of 2007, and it was also a massive hit in the equally bassline-orientated, but decidedly more <a href="/wiki/Four-to-the-floor" class="mw-redirect" title="Four-to-the-floor">four-to-the-floor</a> genre of <a href="/wiki/Bassline_house" class="mw-redirect" title="Bassline house">bassline house</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Clark9-65">[65]</a> whilst Burial's late 2007 release <a href="/wiki/Untrue_(album)" title="Untrue (album)">Untrue</a> (which was nominated for the 2008 <a href="/wiki/Mercury_Music_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercury Music Prize">Nationwide Mercury Music Prize</a> in the UK) incorporated extensive use of heavily manipulated, mostly female, 'girl next door' vocal samples.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> Burial has spoken at length regarding his intent to reincorporate elements of musical precursors such as 2-step garage and house into his sound.<a href="#cite_note-hyperdub1-67">[67]</a> Much like drum and bass before it, dubstep started to become incorporated into other media. In 2007, Benga, Skream, and other dubstep producers provided the soundtrack to much of the second series of <a href="/wiki/Dubplate_Drama" title="Dubplate Drama">Dubplate Drama</a>, which aired on <a href="/wiki/Channel_4" title="Channel 4">Channel 4</a> with a soundtrack CD later released on <a href="/wiki/Rinse_FM" title="Rinse FM">Rinse Recordings</a>. A track by Skream also featured in the second series of the teen drama <a href="/wiki/Skins_(UK_TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Skins (UK TV series)">Skins</a>, which also aired on Channel 4 in early 2008.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> In the summer of 2008, <a href="/wiki/Mary_Anne_Hobbs" title="Mary Anne Hobbs">Mary Anne Hobbs</a> invited Cyrus, Starkey, <a href="/wiki/Oneman" title="Oneman">Oneman</a>, <a href="/wiki/DJ_Chef" title="DJ Chef">DJ Chef</a>, <a href="/wiki/Silkie_(artist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Silkie (artist)">Silkie</a>, Quest, <a href="/wiki/Joker_(British_musician)" title="Joker (British musician)">Joker</a>, Nomad, Kulture and MC Sgt Pokes to the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Maida_Vale_Studios" title="Maida Vale Studios">Maida Vale studios</a> for a show called Generation Bass. The show was the evolution from her seminal <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> Radio 1 Dubstepwarz Show in 2006, and further documented another set of dubstep's producers.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> <a href="/wiki/Silkie_(artist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Silkie (artist)">Silkie</a> and Quest, along with <a href="/wiki/Kromestar" title="Kromestar">Kromestar</a> and Heny G would all come through the Anti-Social Entertainment crew, with a show on <a href="/wiki/Rinse_FM" title="Rinse FM">Rinse FM</a> and later <a href="/wiki/Flex_FM" title="Flex FM">Flex FM</a>.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> As the genre has spread to become an international rather than UK-centric scene, it has also seen a number of women making headway into the scene in a variety of ways. Alongside Soulja of Ammunition Promotions and Mary Anne Hobbs, an influx of female producers, writers, photographers and DJs all have broken through in the up-til-then male orientated scene. With key 12" releases on <a href="/wiki/Hyperdub" title="Hyperdub">Hyperdub</a>, Immigrant and Hotflush Recordings, producers <a href="/wiki/Vaccine_(musician)" title="Vaccine (musician)">Vaccine</a>, Subeena and <a href="/wiki/Ikonika" title="Ikonika">Ikonika</a> have introduced a palette of new sounds and influences to the genre, such as double-time bass drums, <a href="/wiki/Chiptune" title="Chiptune">8-bit</a> <a href="/wiki/Video_game_music" title="Video game music">video game samples</a>, hand percussion and lushly arranged strings.<a href="#cite_note-timeoutlondon-74">[74]</a> Mary Anne Hobbs commented that, unlike "Grime and drum 'n' bass raves, the mood at dubstep nights is less aggressive, or more meditative, leading to a larger female attendance at events than with the genre's precursors. You see the female-to-male ratio constantly going up – it's got the potential to be 40:60".<a href="#cite_note-timeoutlondon-74">[74]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2008:_Purple_sound">2008: Purple sound</h4></div> Purple sound emerged in Bristol in late 2008 out of the splintering dubstep scene and took inspiration from <a href="/wiki/Wonky_(genre)" title="Wonky (genre)">wonky</a>, which it is sometimes considered a part of. It incorporates <a href="/wiki/Synth-funk" class="mw-redirect" title="Synth-funk">synth-funk</a> from the 1980s and <a href="/wiki/G-funk" title="G-funk">G-funk</a> production from the 1990s into dubstep, while also introducing many aspects of <a href="/wiki/Grime_(genre)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grime (genre)">grime</a> and 8-bit music. Several prominent purple sound artists cite video game music as a large influence.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> Purple sound later led to the development of <a href="/wiki/Future_bass" title="Future bass">future bass</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2009–2014:_Mainstream_popularity_and_Brostep">2009–2014: Mainstream popularity and Brostep</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BorgoreCAMPBSICOX.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BorgoreCAMPBSICOX.jpg/220px-BorgoreCAMPBSICOX.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BorgoreCAMPBSICOX.jpg/330px-BorgoreCAMPBSICOX.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BorgoreCAMPBSICOX.jpg/440px-BorgoreCAMPBSICOX.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1545" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Borgore" title="Borgore">Borgore</a> performing for crowds on 7 July 2011 at the 10th Anniversary Camp Bisco Music Festival in <a href="/wiki/Mariaville_Lake,_New_York" title="Mariaville Lake, New York">Mariaville Lake, New York</a></figcaption></figure> The influence of dubstep on more commercial or popular genres can be identified as far back as 2007, with artists such as <a href="/wiki/Britney_Spears" title="Britney Spears">Britney Spears</a> using dubstep sounds; critics observed a dubstep influence in the song "Freakshow", from the 2007 album <a href="/wiki/Blackout_(Britney_Spears_album)" title="Blackout (Britney Spears album)">Blackout</a>, which Tom Ewing described as "built around the 'wobbler' effect that's a genre standby."<a href="#cite_note-ewing-77">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-oc-78">[78]</a> <a href="/wiki/Benga_(musician)" title="Benga (musician)">Benga</a> and Coki's single "Night" still continued to be a popular track on the UK dance chart more than a year after its release in late 2007, still ranking in the top five at the start of April 2008 on <a href="/wiki/Pete_Tong" title="Pete Tong">Pete Tong</a>'s <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_1" title="BBC Radio 1">BBC Radio 1</a> dance chart list.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> However, the year 2009 saw the dubstep sound gaining further worldwide recognition, often through the assimilation of elements of the sound into other genres, in a manner similar to drum and bass before it. At the start of the year, UK electronic duo <a href="/wiki/La_Roux" title="La Roux">La Roux</a> put their single "<a href="/wiki/In_for_the_Kill_(song)" title="In for the Kill (song)">In for the Kill</a>" in the remix hands of <a href="/wiki/Skream" title="Skream">Skream</a>.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> They then gave remix duties of "<a href="/wiki/I%27m_Not_Your_Toy" title="I'm Not Your Toy">I'm Not Your Toy</a>" to <a href="/wiki/Nero_(Musicians)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nero (Musicians)">Nero</a> and then again with their single "<a href="/wiki/Bulletproof_(La_Roux_song)" title="Bulletproof (La Roux song)">Bulletproof</a>" being remixed by <a href="/wiki/DJ_Zinc" title="DJ Zinc">Zinc</a>. The same year, London producer <a href="/wiki/Silkie_(artist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Silkie (artist)">Silkie</a> released an influential album, City Limits Vol. 1, on the <a href="/wiki/Deep_Medi_Musik" title="Deep Medi Musik">Deep Medi Musik</a> label, using 1970s funk and soul reference points, a departure from the familiar strains of dub and UK garage.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> The sound also continued to interest the mainstream press with key articles in magazines like <a href="/wiki/Interview_(magazine)" title="Interview (magazine)">Interview</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(magazine)" title="New York (magazine)">New York</a>, and <a href="/wiki/The_Wire_(magazine)" title="The Wire (magazine)">The Wire</a>, which featured producer <a href="/wiki/Kode9" title="Kode9">Kode9</a> on its May 2009 cover. <a href="/wiki/XLR8R" title="XLR8R">XLR8R</a> put <a href="/wiki/Joker_(British_musician)" title="Joker (British musician)">Joker</a> on the cover of its December 2009 issue.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> In April 2009, <a href="/wiki/UKF_Music" title="UKF Music">UKF Dubstep</a>, a YouTube channel brand was founded by Luke Hood which introduced Dubstep to many young generations internationally at the time. UKF Dubstep has exploded in popularity as the music genre has hit the mainstream. In November 2010 the channel had 100,000 subscribers, and as of November 2019 has over one million.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> "UKF features established and up and coming producers from around the world, featuring artists from <a href="/wiki/Flux_Pavilion" title="Flux Pavilion">Flux Pavilion</a> / <a href="/wiki/Knife_Party" title="Knife Party">Knife Party</a> to <a href="/wiki/Friction" title="Friction">Friction</a> / Hybrid Minds. We're sent a huge amount of music so it's our job to pick the best to upload on the channel for our audience to listen to. In just over 3 years our channels now have more than 2m subscribers and 4 channels – UKF Dubstep, Drum & Bass, Music and Mixes. The audience is getting more and more International and younger." Luke said on the interview with SoSoActive.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> In a move foreshadowed by endorsements of the sound from R&B, hip-hop and recently, mainstream figures such as <a href="/wiki/Rihanna" title="Rihanna">Rihanna</a>, or <a href="/wiki/The_Bomb_Squad" title="The Bomb Squad">The Bomb Squad</a>'s Hank Shocklee,<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> <a href="/wiki/Snoop_Dogg" title="Snoop Dogg">Snoop Dogg</a> collaborated with dubstep producers <a href="/wiki/Chase_%26_Status" title="Chase & Status">Chase & Status</a>, providing a vocal for their "underground anthem", "Eastern Jam".<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> The 2011 Britney Spears track "<a href="/wiki/Hold_It_Against_Me" title="Hold It Against Me">Hold It Against Me</a>" was also responsible for promoting dubstep tropes within pop music.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> Rihanna's <a href="/wiki/Rated_R_(Rihanna_album)" title="Rated R (Rihanna album)">Rated R</a> album released such content the very year dubstep saw a spike, containing three dubstep tracks.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> Such events propelled the genre into the biggest radio markets overnight, with considerable airplay.<a href="#cite_note-independent.co.uk-92">[92]</a> Other hip-hop artists like <a href="/wiki/Xzibit" title="Xzibit">Xzibit</a> added their vocals to dubstep instrumental tracks for the mixtape project Mr Grustle & Tha Russian Dubstep LA Embrace The Renaissance Vol. 1 Mixed by <a href="/wiki/Plastician" title="Plastician">Plastician</a>.<a href="#cite_note-independent.co.uk-92">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> In summer 2009, rapper and actress <a href="/wiki/Eve_(entertainer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eve (entertainer)">Eve</a> used Benga's "E Trips"; adding her own verses over the beat to create a new tune called "Me N My"; the first single from her unreleased album Flirt. The track was co-produced by Benga and hip hop producer <a href="/wiki/Salaam_Remi" title="Salaam Remi">Salaam Remi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> Throughout 2010, the presence of dubstep in the pop charts was notable, with "<a href="/wiki/I_Need_Air" title="I Need Air">I Need Air</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Magnetic_Man" title="Magnetic Man">Magnetic Man</a> reaching number 10 in the UK singles chart. This presented a turning point in the popularity of mainstream dubstep amongst UK listeners as it was placed on rotation on <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_1" title="BBC Radio 1">BBC Radio 1</a>.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Katy_on_a_Mission" title="Katy on a Mission">Katy on a Mission</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Katy_B" title="Katy B">Katy B</a> (produced by Benga) followed, debuting at number 5 in the UK singles chart, and stayed in the top 10 for five more weeks.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> Also, in 2010, American producer <a href="/wiki/Skrillex" title="Skrillex">Skrillex</a> had achieved moderate commercial success in North America with a dubstep-influenced sound. By 2011, his EP <a href="/wiki/Scary_Monsters_and_Nice_Sprites" title="Scary Monsters and Nice Sprites">Scary Monsters and Nice Sprites</a> had peaked at number three on the U.S.<a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a> <a href="/wiki/Dance/Electronic_Albums" title="Dance/Electronic Albums">Dance/Electronic Albums</a> chart.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> In February 2011, <a href="/wiki/Chase_%26_Status" title="Chase & Status">Chase & Status</a>'s second album <a href="/wiki/No_More_Idols" title="No More Idols">No More Idols</a> reached No. 2 in the UK album chart.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> On 1 May 2011, <a href="/wiki/Nero_(Musicians)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nero (Musicians)">Nero</a>'s third single "<a href="/wiki/Guilt_(Nero_song)" title="Guilt (Nero song)">Guilt</a>" from their album reached number 8 in the Official UK Singles Chart.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> <a href="/wiki/DJ_Fresh" title="DJ Fresh">DJ Fresh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nero_(Musicians)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nero (Musicians)">Nero</a> both had number one singles in 2011 with "<a href="/wiki/Louder_(DJ_Fresh_song)" title="Louder (DJ Fresh song)">Louder</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Promises_(Nero_song)" title="Promises (Nero song)">Promises</a>".<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> Strong baselines imported from dubstep continued in popular music with the <a href="/wiki/Taylor_Swift" title="Taylor Swift">Taylor Swift</a> song "<a href="/wiki/I_Knew_You_Were_Trouble" title="I Knew You Were Trouble">I Knew You Were Trouble</a>", which made number 1 on Billboard's U.S. <a href="/wiki/Mainstream_Top_40" class="mw-redirect" title="Mainstream Top 40">Mainstream Top 40</a> chart.<a href="#cite_note-time-102">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2011:_Post-dubstep">2011: Post-dubstep</h4></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Post-dubstep" title="Post-dubstep">Post-dubstep</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_post-dubstep_musicians" title="List of post-dubstep musicians">List of post-dubstep musicians</a> and <a href="/wiki/UK_bass" title="UK bass">UK bass</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Blake.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/James_Blake.jpg/220px-James_Blake.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/James_Blake.jpg/330px-James_Blake.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/James_Blake.jpg/440px-James_Blake.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="481" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/James_Blake_(musician)" title="James Blake (musician)">James Blake</a> performing at <a href="/wiki/Glastonbury_Festival" title="Glastonbury Festival">Glastonbury Festival</a>, June 2011</figcaption></figure> In early 2011, the term "post-dubstep" (sometimes known as "<a href="/wiki/UK_bass" title="UK bass">UK bass</a>" or simply "bass music") was used to describe club music that was influenced by certain aspects of dubstep.<a href="#cite_note-P-104">[104]</a> Such music often references earlier dubstep productions as well as <a href="/wiki/UK_garage" title="UK garage">UK garage</a>, <a href="/wiki/2-step_garage" title="2-step garage">2-step</a> and other forms of underground <a href="/wiki/Electronic_dance_music" title="Electronic dance music">electronic dance music</a>.<a href="#cite_note-S-105">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> Artists producing music described as post-dubstep have also incorporated elements of <a href="/wiki/Ambient_music" title="Ambient music">ambient music</a> and early <a href="/wiki/Contemporary_R%26B" title="Contemporary R&B">R&B</a>. The latter in particular is heavily sampled by three artists described as post-dubstep: <a href="/wiki/Mount_Kimbie" title="Mount Kimbie">Mount Kimbie</a>, Fantastic Mr Fox and <a href="/wiki/James_Blake_(musician)" title="James Blake (musician)">James Blake</a>.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> The tempo of music typically characterised as post-dubstep is approximately 130 <a href="/wiki/Beats_per_minute" class="mw-redirect" title="Beats per minute">beats per minute</a>.<a href="#cite_note-P-104">[104]</a> The breadth of styles that have come to be associated with the term post-dubstep preclude it from being a specific musical genre. <a href="/wiki/Pitchfork_(website)" title="Pitchfork (website)">Pitchfork</a> writer Martin Clark has suggested that "well-meaning attempts to loosely define the ground we're covering here are somewhat futile and almost certainly flawed. This is not one genre. However, given the links, interaction, and free-flowing ideas ... you can't dismiss all these acts as unrelated"<a href="#cite_note-P-104">[104]</a> The production duo Mount Kimbie is often associated with the origination of the term post-dubstep.<a href="#cite_note-C&R-110">[110]</a> English music producer <a href="/wiki/Jamie_xx" title="Jamie xx">Jamie xx</a> released remixes which are considered post-dubstep, including <a href="/wiki/We%27re_New_Here" title="We're New Here">We're New Here</a> (2011), a <a href="/wiki/Gil_Scott-Heron" title="Gil Scott-Heron">Gil Scott-Heron</a> remix album.<a href="#cite_note-S-105">[105]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2011:_Brostep_and_American_developments">2011: Brostep and American developments</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Brostep" title="Brostep">Brostep</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TheDubstepKing_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/TheDubstepKing_%28cropped%29.jpg/170px-TheDubstepKing_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/TheDubstepKing_%28cropped%29.jpg/255px-TheDubstepKing_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/TheDubstepKing_%28cropped%29.jpg/340px-TheDubstepKing_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="583" data-file-height="844" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Skrillex" title="Skrillex">Skrillex</a> performing in 2012</figcaption></figure> In 2011, dubstep gained significant traction in the US market, by way of a post-dubstep style known as brostep,[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]with the American producer <a href="/wiki/Skrillex" title="Skrillex">Skrillex</a> becoming something of a "<a href="/wiki/Poster_boy" class="mw-redirect" title="Poster boy">poster boy</a>" for the scene.<a href="#cite_note-miaminewtimes-111">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> In September 2011, a <a href="/wiki/Spin_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Spin Magazine">Spin Magazine</a> EDM special referred to brostep as a "lurching and aggressive" variant of dubstep that has proven commercially successful in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> Unlike traditional dubstep production styles, which emphasise sub-bass content, brostep accentuates the middle <a href="/wiki/Register_(music)" title="Register (music)">register</a> and features "robotic fluctuations and metal-esque aggression".<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Simon_Reynolds" title="Simon Reynolds">Simon Reynolds</a>, as dubstep gained larger audiences and moved from smaller club-based venues to larger outdoor events, sub-sonic content was gradually replaced by distorted bass <a href="/wiki/Riff#Riff" title="Riff">riffs</a> that function roughly in the same register as the electric guitar in <a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_music" title="Heavy metal music">heavy metal</a>.<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> The term brostep has been used by some as a pejorative descriptor for a style of popular dubstep developed in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-miaminewtimes-111">[111]</a> The producer known as <a href="/wiki/Rusko_(musician)" title="Rusko (musician)">Rusko</a> himself claimed in an interview on <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_1Xtra" title="BBC Radio 1Xtra">BBC Radio 1Xtra</a> that "brostep is sort of my fault, but now I've started to hate it in a way ... It's like someone screaming in your face ... you don't want that."<a href="#cite_note-Vita.mn_Dubstep_2011-117">[117]</a> According to a BBC review of his 2012 album <a href="/wiki/Songs_(Rusko_album)" title="Songs (Rusko album)">Songs</a>, the record was a muddled attempt by Rusko to realign his music with a "Jamaican inheritance" and distance it from the "belching, aggressive, resolutely macho" dubstep produced by his contemporaries.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> Commenting on the success of American producers such as Skrillex, Skream stated: "I think it hurts a lot of people over here because it's a UK sound, but it's been someone with influences outside the original sound that has made it a lot bigger. The bad side of that is that a lot of people will just say 'dubstep equals Skrillex'. But in all honesty it genuinely doesn't bother me. I like the music he makes."<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> Other North American artists that were initially associated with the brostep sound were Canadian producers <a href="/wiki/Datsik_(musician)" title="Datsik (musician)">Datsik</a> and <a href="/wiki/Excision_(musician)" title="Excision (musician)">Excision</a>. Their production style has been described by <a href="/wiki/Mixmag" title="Mixmag">Mixmag</a> as "a viciously harsh, yet brilliantly produced sound that appealed more to <a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Manson" title="Marilyn Manson">Marilyn Manson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nine_Inch_Nails" title="Nine Inch Nails">Nine Inch Nails</a> fans than it did to lovers of UK garage".<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> The brostep sound also attracted the attention of metal bands. <a href="/wiki/Nu_metal" title="Nu metal">Nu metal</a> band <a href="/wiki/Korn" title="Korn">Korn</a>'s 2011 album <a href="/wiki/The_Path_of_Totality" title="The Path of Totality">The Path of Totality</a> features several collaborations with electronic music producers, including Skrillex and Excision.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> This style of dubstep is sometimes known as metalstep. <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2012–2013:_Riddim">2012–2013: Riddim</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Riddim_(EDM)" class="mw-redirect" title="Riddim (EDM)">Riddim (EDM)</a></div> In the early 2010s, UK artists began to play with a style of dubstep reminiscent of a resurgence or continuation of original British dubstep styles. This became known as <a href="/wiki/Riddim_(EDM)" class="mw-redirect" title="Riddim (EDM)">Riddim</a>, a name coined by British producer Jakes around 2012. The name comes from the <a href="/wiki/Jamaican_Patois" title="Jamaican Patois">Jamaican Patois</a> term <a href="/wiki/Riddim" title="Riddim">riddim</a>, which refers to the instrumental of <a href="/wiki/Dub_music" title="Dub music">dub</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reggae" title="Reggae">reggae</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dancehall" title="Dancehall">dancehall</a> music.<a href="#cite_note-:2-122">[122]</a> Riddim is characterised by repetitive and minimalist sub-bass and triplet percussion arrangements, similar to original dubstep, with a sound described as "wonky".<a href="#cite_note-:2-122">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-123">[123]</a> Riddim is looked upon as a subgenre of dubstep, similarly to other sub genres like brostep, drum-step, and wobble-step.<a href="#cite_note-:2-122">[122]</a> It started gaining significant popularity around 2015.<a href="#cite_note-:0-124">[124]</a> It is said that those who enjoy this style of music describe it as the "dirtier, swaggier" side of dubstep, whereas those looking at this from the outside, claim that it is "repetitive and chaotic".<a href="#cite_note-:2-122">[122]</a> Notable artists of the genre include Subfiltronik, Bukez Finezt, P0gman, Badklaat, 50 Carrot, Dubloadz and Coffi.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> Notable tracks of the genre include "Yasuo" by Bommer and Crowell, "Orgalorg" by Infekt, and "Jotaro" by Phiso.<a href="#cite_note-:2-122">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-:3-126">[126]</a> Some commentators have suggested that Riddim is not a genre in its own right and is instead just a style of dubstep. Riddim producer Oolacile states "A lot of people who have been around a lot longer have a different idea of what riddim is. Older fans consider riddim to be the swampy, repetitive sound, and newer fans will associate riddim with the sound of the underground."<a href="#cite_note-:2-122">[122]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2014–present:_Decline_in_mainstream_popularity">2014–present: Decline in mainstream popularity</h3></div> Beginning in mid-2014, dubstep began to decline drastically in mainstream popularity, particularly in the United States, where many formerly successful dubstep artists became popular. Artists such as Skrillex, for instance, moved on to producing tracks for <a href="/wiki/Trap_music_(EDM)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trap music (EDM)">trap</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pop_music" title="Pop music">pop</a> artists,<a href="#cite_note-dubstepdeadpitchfork-127">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> while artists such as Mount Kimbie and <a href="/wiki/James_Blake_(musician)" title="James Blake (musician)">James Blake</a> shifted their sounds from post-dubstep into more experimental or soulful electronic influenced music.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> Pioneers of dubstep such as Skream and Loefah moved away from the genre, moving on to other genres instead. Loefah stopped playing and producing dubstep and moved on to UK bass, founding his record label Swamp81 in the process.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> Skream shifted away from dubstep, choosing to instead produce and play house and techno music in his DJ sets and releasing various techno songs on Alan Fitzpatrick's record label We Are The Brave.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a><a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2016–present:_Colour_bass">2016–present: Colour bass</h4></div> Around the early to mid 2010s, a niche development of dubstep began to emerge which combines the aggression and impact of brostep with the rich tonality and musicality of melodic dubstep,<a href="#cite_note-:6-135">[135]</a> drawing on the best elements of both sides and fusing tonality with mid-range bass sound design.<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-:5-137">[137]</a> Artists like 501, Subscape, and <a href="/wiki/Gemini_(musician)" title="Gemini (musician)">Gemini</a> have experimented upon this style of production in the earlier 2010s.<a href="#cite_note-:6-135">[135]</a> English dubstep producer Chime coined the term "colour bass" describing this style of dubstep due to its focus on vibrant, bright and colourful production, and founded the record label Rushdown in 2016 to promote it.<a href="#cite_note-:6-135">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-:5-137">[137]</a> Despite the overall declining popularity of dubstep in mainstream culture, colour bass has been promoted by veteran electronic labels like <a href="/wiki/Monstercat" title="Monstercat">Monstercat</a> around the early 2020s,<a href="#cite_note-:6-135">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> with artists like Skybreak, <a href="/wiki/Ace_Aura" title="Ace Aura">Ace Aura</a>, and Chime himself finding success in producing colour bass music.<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dubstep_musicians" title="List of dubstep musicians">List of dubstep musicians</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allmusic.com/style/dubstep-ma0000004465">AllMusic - Dubstep</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170923151236/http://www.allmusic.com/style/dubstep-ma0000004465">Archived</a> 23 September 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reynolds-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Reynolds_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reynolds_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reynolds_2-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reynolds_2-3">d</a> Reynolds, S.(2012),Energy Flash: A Journey Through Rave Music and Dance Culture, Perseus Books; 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Retrieved 14 July 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pitchfork&rft.atitle=Grime+%2F+Dubstep&rft.date=2007-05-23&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pitchforkmedia.com%2Ffeatures%2Fgrime-dubstep%2F6614-grime-dubstep&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-RA101-17">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RA101_17-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RA101_17-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RA101_17-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RA101_17-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RA101_17-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RA101_17-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RA101_17-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RA101_17-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RA101_17-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RA101_17-9">j</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSande2007" class="citation web cs1">Sande, Kiran (7 June 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.residentadvisor.net/feature.aspx?822">"Dubstep 101"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Resident_Advisor" title="Resident Advisor">Resident Advisor</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110522042905/http://www.residentadvisor.net/feature.aspx?822">Archived</a> from the original on 22 May 2011. Retrieved 31 March 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Resident+Advisor&rft.atitle=Dubstep+101&rft.date=2007-06-07&rft.aulast=Sande&rft.aufirst=Kiran&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.residentadvisor.net%2Ffeature.aspx%3F822&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wire269-18"><a href="#cite_ref-Wire269_18-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"Invisible Jukebox". <a href="/wiki/The_Wire_(magazine)" title="The Wire (magazine)">The Wire</a>. No. 269. July 2006. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0952-0686">0952-0686</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wire&rft.atitle=Invisible+Jukebox&rft.issue=269&rft.date=2006-07&rft.issn=0952-0686&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wobble-19"><a href="#cite_ref-Wobble_19-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClark2009" class="citation web cs1">Clark, Martin (6 November 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pitchfork.com/features/grime-dubstep/7728-grime-dubstep">"The Year in Grime / Dubstep: The Year in Dubstep, Grime, and Funky 2009"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Pitchfork_(website)" title="Pitchfork (website)">Pitchfork</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110327113512/http://pitchfork.com/features/grime-dubstep/7728-grime-dubstep/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 March 2011. Retrieved 1 April 2011. <q>No summary of the year in dubstep would be complete without the ever-expanding wobble side of the scene, recently hilariously and accurately renamed "brostep". In the UK, the wobble sound is now the default dubstep position for many fans, as the scene commands an increasing share of the Friday night/student/super club market.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pitchfork&rft.atitle=The+Year+in+Grime+%2F+Dubstep%3A+The+Year+in+Dubstep%2C+Grime%2C+and+Funky+2009&rft.date=2009-11-06&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpitchfork.com%2Ffeatures%2Fgrime-dubstep%2F7728-grime-dubstep&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReynolds2012" class="citation book cs1">Reynolds, Simon (20 March 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mjPZ19x3nvEC&q=wobblestep+definition&pg=PA513">Energy Flash: A Journey Through Rave Music and Dance Culture</a>. Soft Skull Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59376-407-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59376-407-4"><bdi>978-1-59376-407-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Energy+Flash%3A+A+Journey+Through+Rave+Music+and+Dance+Culture&rft.pub=Soft+Skull+Press&rft.date=2012-03-20&rft.isbn=978-1-59376-407-4&rft.aulast=Reynolds&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmjPZ19x3nvEC%26q%3Dwobblestep%2Bdefinition%26pg%3DPA513&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-Nice1-21"><a href="#cite_ref-Nice1_21-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070928002740/http://www.getdarker.com/?id=5&fid=7&tid=53">"Interview: Joe Nice"</a>. GetDarker. 15 August 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.getdarker.com/?id=5&fid=7&tid=53">the original</a> on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 31 March 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GetDarker&rft.atitle=Interview%3A+Joe+Nice&rft.date=2006-08-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.getdarker.com%2F%3Fid%3D5%26fid%3D7%26tid%3D53&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Clark4-22"><a href="#cite_ref-Clark4_22-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClark2006" class="citation web cs1">Clark, Martin (14 July 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090113180757/http://www.pitchforkmedia.com/article/feature/37340-column-the-month-in-grime-dubstep">"The Month In: Grime/Dubstep"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Pitchfork_(website)" title="Pitchfork (website)">Pitchfork</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pitchforkmedia.com/article/feature/37340-column-the-month-in-grime-dubstep">the original</a> on 13 January 2009. Retrieved 31 March 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pitchfork&rft.atitle=The+Month+In%3A+Grime%2FDubstep&rft.date=2006-07-14&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pitchforkmedia.com%2Farticle%2Ffeature%2F37340-column-the-month-in-grime-dubstep&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEarp2006" class="citation web cs1">Earp, Matt (30 August 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110522042351/http://www.xlr8r.com/features/2006/09/low-end-theory">"Low End Theory: Dubstep Merchants"</a>. <a href="/wiki/XLR8R" title="XLR8R">XLR8R</a>. Amalgam Media. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.xlr8r.com/features/2006/09/low-end-theory">the original</a> on 22 May 2011. Retrieved 31 March 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=XLR8R&rft.atitle=Low+End+Theory%3A+Dubstep+Merchants&rft.date=2006-08-30&rft.aulast=Earp&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.xlr8r.com%2Ffeatures%2F2006%2F09%2Flow-end-theory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nymag.com-24"><a href="#cite_ref-nymag.com_24-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHammond2008" class="citation magazine cs1">Hammond, Bob (20 July 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nymag.com/arts/popmusic/features/48667">"How Low Can it Go: The Evolution of Dubstep"</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_(magazine)" title="New York (magazine)">New York</a> Holdings. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111006174358/http://nymag.com/arts/popmusic/features/48667/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 October 2011. Retrieved 31 March 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Holdings&rft.atitle=How+Low+Can+it+Go%3A+The+Evolution+of+Dubstep&rft.date=2008-07-20&rft.aulast=Hammond&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnymag.com%2Farts%2Fpopmusic%2Ffeatures%2F48667&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarren2007" class="citation news cs1">Warren, Emma (4 March 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/2007/mar/04/urbanmusic.features">"Rising Star: DMZ, Music Collective"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Observer" title="The Observer">The Observer</a>. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140813013716/http://www.theguardian.com/music/2007/mar/04/urbanmusic.features">Archived</a> from the original on 13 August 2014. Retrieved 31 March 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Observer&rft.atitle=Rising+Star%3A+DMZ%2C+Music+Collective&rft.date=2007-03-04&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=Emma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmusic%2F2007%2Fmar%2F04%2Furbanmusic.features&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110713051745/http://inyourbass.com/articles/39">"InYourBassTv Presents Sgt. Pokes (Dour Festival 2008)"</a>. Inyourbass.com. 28 August 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://inyourbass.com/articles/39">the original</a> on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 31 March 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=InYourBassTv+Presents+Sgt.+Pokes+%28Dour+Festival+2008%29&rft.pub=Inyourbass.com&rft.date=2008-08-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finyourbass.com%2Farticles%2F39&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080801003355/http://www.totalkiss.com/Channels/Music/Music_DJPage.aspx?djId=73">"Crazy D & Hatcha"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Kiss_100_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiss 100 London">Kiss 100 London</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bauer_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="Bauer Radio">Bauer Radio</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.totalkiss.com/Channels/Music/Music_DJPage.aspx?djId=73">the original</a> on 1 August 2008. Retrieved 31 March 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kiss+100+London&rft.atitle=Crazy+D+%26+Hatcha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.totalkiss.com%2FChannels%2FMusic%2FMusic_DJPage.aspx%3FdjId%3D73&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGurney2007" class="citation web cs1">Gurney, Mark (18 December 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://markleman.blogspot.com/2007/12/plastcian-interview.html">"Markle Said Wha?: Plastician Interview (as featured in ATM Magazine 7 Nov)"</a>. Markleman.blogspot.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110708052258/http://markleman.blogspot.com/2007/12/plastcian-interview.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 July 2011. Retrieved 11 November 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Markleman.blogspot.com&rft.atitle=Markle+Said+Wha%3F%3A+Plastician+Interview+%28as+featured+in+ATM+Magazine+7+Nov%29&rft.date=2007-12-18&rft.aulast=Gurney&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmarkleman.blogspot.com%2F2007%2F12%2Fplastcian-interview.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wire281-29"><a href="#cite_ref-wire281_29-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"Rave From the Grave: Skull Disco". <a href="/wiki/The_Wire_(magazine)" title="The Wire (magazine)">The Wire</a>. No. 281. July 2007. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0952-0686">0952-0686</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wire&rft.atitle=Rave+From+the+Grave%3A+Skull+Disco&rft.issue=281&rft.date=2007-07&rft.issn=0952-0686&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mugan-30">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mugan_30-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mugan_30-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mugan_30-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mugan_30-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mugan_30-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMugan2006" class="citation news cs1">Mugan, Chris (28 July 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/dubstep-straight-outta-croydon-409487.html">"Dubstep: Straight outta Croydon"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a>. London: Independent Print. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171001040101/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/dubstep-straight-outta-croydon-409487.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 October 2017. Retrieved 1 April 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Dubstep%3A+Straight+outta+Croydon&rft.date=2006-07-28&rft.aulast=Mugan&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Farts-entertainment%2Fmusic%2Ffeatures%2Fdubstep-straight-outta-croydon-409487.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pitch3-31">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pitch3_31-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pitch3_31-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pitch3_31-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClark2006" class="citation web cs1">Clark, Martin (25 January 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pitchfork.com/features/grime-dubstep/6242-the-month-in-grime-dubstep/">"The Month In: Grime/Dubstep"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Pitchfork_(website)" title="Pitchfork (website)">Pitchfork</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090319010804/http://pitchfork.com/features/grime-dubstep/6242-the-month-in-grime-dubstep/">Archived</a> from the original on 19 March 2009. 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Retrieved 7 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Luke+Hood%2C+The+19+Year+Old+From+UKF+Dubstep+Tops+YouTube+Charts&rft.date=2011-12-14&rft.aulast=Hick&rft.aufirst=Melanie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.co.uk%2F2011%2F12%2F14%2Fluke-hood-ukf-youtube-dubstep_n_1148370.html%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151125195601/http://www.sosoactive.com/interview-luke-hood-ukf-dubstep/">"Interview with UKF Founder Luke Hood"</a>. 6 July 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sosoactive.com/interview-luke-hood-ukf-dubstep/">the original</a> on 25 November 2015. 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London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170305042707/https://www.theguardian.com/music/musicblog/2011/jan/10/britney-spears-hold-it-against-me">Archived</a> from the original on 5 March 2017. Retrieved 14 December 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=New+music%3A+Britney+Spears+%E2%80%93+Hold+It+Against+Me&rft.date=2011-01-10&rft.aulast=Cragg&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmusic%2Fmusicblog%2F2011%2Fjan%2F10%2Fbritney-spears-hold-it-against-me&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreen2009" class="citation news cs1">Green, Thomas H (18 November 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandpopfeatures/6599184/Chase-and-Status-interview.html">"Chase & Status Interview"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a>. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110824061555/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandpopfeatures/6599184/Chase-and-Status-interview.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 August 2011. 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Retrieved 11 November 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eve%2C+%22Me+N+My+%28prod.+by+Salaam+Remi+%26+Benga%29%22+MP3+%22+The+FADER&rft.pub=Thefader.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefader.com%2F2009%2F08%2F04%2Feve-me-n-my-prod-by-salaam-remi-benga-mp3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/chartblog/2010/07/magnetic_man_i_need_air.shtml">Magnetic Man – 'I Need Air'</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180915174116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/chartblog/2010/07/magnetic_man_i_need_air.shtml">Archived</a> 15 September 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> BBC – Chart Blog </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/singles-chart/20100829/7501/">"UK Charts: Week Ending 04-September–2010"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Official_Charts_Company" title="Official Charts Company">Official Charts</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210714073547/https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/singles-chart/20100829/7501/">Archived</a> from the original on 14 July 2021. 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Retrieved 5 April 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chase+%26+Status+%E2%80%93+No+More+Idols&rft.pub=Official+Charts+Company&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.officialcharts.com%2Fsearch%2Falbums%2FNo%2520More%2520Idols&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/singles-chart/20110501/7501/">"UK Charts: Week Ending 07-May–2011"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Official_Charts_Company" title="Official Charts Company">Official Charts</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150518053359/http://www.officialcharts.com/charts/singles-chart/20110501/7501">Archived</a> from the original on 18 May 2015. Retrieved 6 May 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Official+Charts&rft.atitle=UK+Charts%3A+Week+Ending+07-May%E2%80%932011&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.officialcharts.com%2Fcharts%2Fsingles-chart%2F20110501%2F7501%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theofficialcharts.com/all-the-number-ones-singles-list/_/2011/">"All The Official Singles Chart Number 1s"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120102121122/http://www.theofficialcharts.com/all-the-number-ones-singles-list/_/2011">Archived</a> from the original on 2 January 2012. 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Retrieved 10 December 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Taylor+Swift+on+Going+Pop%2C+Ignoring+the+Gossip+and+the+Best+%28Worst%29+Nickname+She%27s+Ever+Had&rft.date=2012-10-19&rft.aulast=Macsai&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fentertainment.time.com%2F2012%2F10%2F19%2Ftaylor-swift-on-going-pop-ignoring-the-gossip-and-the-best-worst-nickname-shes-ever-had%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrust2013" class="citation magazine cs1">Trust, Gary (4 March 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/1550588/chart-highlights-demi-lovato-attacks-pop-songs">"Chart Highlights: Demi Lovato 'Attack's Pop Songs"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130307120251/http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/1550588/chart-highlights-demi-lovato-attacks-pop-songs">Archived</a> from the original on 7 March 2013. 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Retrieved 1 May 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EDM+Identity&rft.atitle=What+We+Like+%7C%7C+Riddim&rft.date=2018-03-25&rft.aulast=Ullah-Blocks&rft.aufirst=Jayce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedmidentity.com%2F2018%2F03%2F25%2Fwhat-we-like-riddim%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFConte2017" class="citation news cs1">Conte, Chris (30 March 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theuntz.com/news/the-rise-of-riddim-whats-this-latest-bass-craze-all-about/">"The Rise of Riddim: What's this latest bass craze all about?"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171207140433/http://www.theuntz.com/news/the-rise-of-riddim-whats-this-latest-bass-craze-all-about/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 December 2017. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.edmsauce.com/2017/03/08/best-riddim-dubstep-songs/">the original</a> on 30 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EDM+Sauce&rft.atitle=30+Best+Riddim+Songs+of+All+Time&rft.date=2017-03-08&rft.au=Stevo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.edmsauce.com%2F2017%2F03%2F08%2Fbest-riddim-dubstep-songs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-dubstepdeadpitchfork-127"><a href="#cite_ref-dubstepdeadpitchfork_127-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSherborne2016" class="citation web cs1">Sherborne, Philip (5 April 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pitchfork.com/thepitch/1086-popping-the-drop-a-timeline-of-how-edms-bubble-burst/">"Popping the Drop: A Timeline of How EDM's Bubble Burst"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Pitchfork.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Pitchfork.com">Pitchfork.com</a>. 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Retrieved 23 January 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pitchfork.com&rft.atitle=Popping+the+Drop%3A+A+Timeline+of+How+EDM%27s+Bubble+Burst&rft.date=2016-04-05&rft.aulast=Sherborne&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpitchfork.com%2Fthepitch%2F1086-popping-the-drop-a-timeline-of-how-edms-bubble-burst%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChris2015" class="citation web cs1">Chris, Riemenschneider (13 August 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.startribune.com/bassnectar-hates-the-label-electronic-music-but-loves-summer-set/321766261/">"Metalhead turned dance-music star Bassnectar is happy to headline this weekend's Summer Set fest because its lineup is more eclectic than "electronic.""</a>. Startribune.com. <a href="/wiki/The_Minneapolis_Star-Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="The Minneapolis Star-Tribune">The Minneapolis Star-Tribune</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180124005702/http://www.startribune.com/bassnectar-hates-the-label-electronic-music-but-loves-summer-set/321766261/">Archived</a> from the original on 24 January 2018. Retrieved 23 January 2018. <q>Dubstep obviously is already a thing of the past.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Startribune.com&rft.atitle=Metalhead+turned+dance-music+star+Bassnectar+is+happy+to+headline+this+weekend%27s+Summer+Set+fest+because+its+lineup+is+more+eclectic+than+%22electronic.%22&rft.date=2015-08-13&rft.aulast=Chris&rft.aufirst=Riemenschneider&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.startribune.com%2Fbassnectar-hates-the-label-electronic-music-but-loves-summer-set%2F321766261%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChampagne2014" class="citation web cs1">Champagne, Jesse (14 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thump.vice.com/en_ca/article/pg8n7m/dubstep-may-be-dying-just-dont-tell-canadians-that">"Dubstep May Be Dying, Just Don't Tell Canadians That"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Vice.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice.com">Vice.com</a>. VICE Magazine. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180123190841/https://thump.vice.com/en_ca/article/pg8n7m/dubstep-may-be-dying-just-dont-tell-canadians-that">Archived</a> from the original on 23 January 2018. Retrieved 23 January 2018. <q>Dubstep is DEAD… The movement is over.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vice.com&rft.atitle=Dubstep+May+Be+Dying%2C+Just+Don%27t+Tell+Canadians+That&rft.date=2014-03-14&rft.aulast=Champagne&rft.aufirst=Jesse&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthump.vice.com%2Fen_ca%2Farticle%2Fpg8n7m%2Fdubstep-may-be-dying-just-dont-tell-canadians-that&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAroesti2017" class="citation news cs1">Aroesti, Rachel (7 September 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/2017/sep/07/mount-kimbie-love-what-survives-review-electric-wit-and-wisdom-from-london-synth-duo">"Mount Kimbie: Love What Survives review – electric wit and wisdom from London synth duo"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171111212509/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2017/sep/07/mount-kimbie-love-what-survives-review-electric-wit-and-wisdom-from-london-synth-duo">Archived</a> from the original on 11 November 2017. 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Chime. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230325083836/https://www.chimetunes.net/faq">Archived</a> from the original on 25 March 2023. Retrieved 25 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chime&rft.atitle=FAQ&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chimetunes.net%2Ffaq&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-137">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_137-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_137-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chimetunes.net/rushdown">"Rushdown"</a>. Chime. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230326032219/https://www.chimetunes.net/rushdown">Archived</a> from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 25 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chime&rft.atitle=Rushdown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chimetunes.net%2Frushdown&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul2022" class="citation web cs1">Paul, Bryson "Boom" (7 December 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://substreammagazine.com/2022/12/chime-asks-to-bring-me-back-in-new-single/">"Chime Asks To "Bring Me Back" In New Single"</a>. Substream Magazine. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230325083837/https://substreammagazine.com/2022/12/chime-asks-to-bring-me-back-in-new-single/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 March 2023. Retrieved 25 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Substream+Magazine&rft.atitle=Chime+Asks+To+%22Bring+Me+Back%22+In+New+Single&rft.date=2022-12-07&rft.aulast=Paul&rft.aufirst=Bryson+%22Boom%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstreammagazine.com%2F2022%2F12%2Fchime-asks-to-bring-me-back-in-new-single%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBhanawat2022" class="citation web cs1">Bhanawat, Akshay (16 August 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://themusicessentials.com/music/dr-ushuu-save-me/">"Dr. Ushūu Makes Monstercat Debut With Cosmic Colour-Bass Single "Save Me""</a>. T.H.E - Music Essentials. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230325083836/https://themusicessentials.com/music/dr-ushuu-save-me/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 March 2023. Retrieved 25 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=T.H.E+-+Music+Essentials&rft.atitle=Dr.+Ush%C5%ABu+Makes+Monstercat+Debut+With+Cosmic+Colour-Bass+Single+%22Save+Me%22&rft.date=2022-08-16&rft.aulast=Bhanawat&rft.aufirst=Akshay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthemusicessentials.com%2Fmusic%2Fdr-ushuu-save-me%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBhanawat2022" class="citation web cs1">Bhanawat, Akshay (14 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://themusicessentials.com/music/papa-khan-get-to-u/">"Papa Khan Returns To Monstercat With New Colour Bass Single "Get To U""</a>. T.H.E - Music Essentials. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230325083843/https://themusicessentials.com/music/papa-khan-get-to-u/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 March 2023. Retrieved 25 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=T.H.E+-+Music+Essentials&rft.atitle=Papa+Khan+Returns+To+Monstercat+With+New+Colour+Bass+Single+%22Get+To+U%22&rft.date=2022-04-14&rft.aulast=Bhanawat&rft.aufirst=Akshay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthemusicessentials.com%2Fmusic%2Fpapa-khan-get-to-u%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDutta2021" class="citation web cs1">Dutta, James (14 December 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edmidentity.com/2021/12/14/chime-dives-into-his-label-and-plans-for-2022/">"Chime Dives Into His Label and Plans for 2022 [Interview]"</a>. EDM Identity. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230325085350/https://edmidentity.com/2021/12/14/chime-dives-into-his-label-and-plans-for-2022/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 March 2023. Retrieved 25 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EDM+Identity&rft.atitle=Chime+Dives+Into+His+Label+and+Plans+for+2022+%5BInterview%5D&rft.date=2021-12-14&rft.aulast=Dutta&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedmidentity.com%2F2021%2F12%2F14%2Fchime-dives-into-his-label-and-plans-for-2022%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youredm.com/2023/03/06/premiere-chime-delivers-thrilling-single-from-atoms-to-pixels-ft-sekai-monstercat/">"PREMIERE: Chime Delivers Thrilling Single "From Atoms To Pixels" ft. Sekai [Rushdown]"</a>. Your EDM. 7 March 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230325083843/https://www.youredm.com/2023/03/06/premiere-chime-delivers-thrilling-single-from-atoms-to-pixels-ft-sekai-monstercat/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 March 2023. Retrieved 25 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Your+EDM&rft.atitle=PREMIERE%3A+Chime+Delivers+Thrilling+Single+%22From+Atoms+To+Pixels%22+ft.+Sekai+%5BRushdown%5D&rft.date=2023-03-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youredm.com%2F2023%2F03%2F06%2Fpremiere-chime-delivers-thrilling-single-from-atoms-to-pixels-ft-sekai-monstercat%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADubstep" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dubstep" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Dubstep">Dubstep</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://getdarker.com/">GetDarker</a> An online magazine full of interviews, articles, photos from events and videos.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://drownedinsound.com/lists/10-years-of-dubstep">10 Years of ... Dubstep</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120419012708/http://drownedinsound.com/lists/10-years-of-dubstep">Archived</a> 19 April 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> A week dedicated to the movement by <a href="/wiki/Drowned_in_Sound" title="Drowned in Sound">Drowned in Sound</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pitchfork.com/features/grime-dubstep/6381-the-month-in-grime-dubstep/">The Month In: Grime/Dubstep</a> Columns by Martin Clark on <a href="/wiki/Pitchfork_(website)" title="Pitchfork (website)">Pitchfork</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/collective/A10695684">BBC Collective dubstep documentary filmed at DMZ 1st Birthday, 2005.</a> Interviews with Mala, Loefah, <a href="/wiki/Skream" title="Skream">Skream</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kode9" title="Kode9">Kode9</a>, Youngsta ...</li></ul> <div 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href="/wiki/Speed_garage" title="Speed garage">Speed garage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Derivatives and fusion genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dubstep</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brostep" title="Brostep">Brostep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubstyle" class="mw-redirect" title="Dubstyle">Dubstyle</a></li> <li>Drumstep</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-dubstep" title="Post-dubstep">Post-dubstep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reggaestep" title="Reggaestep">Reggaestep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riddim_(genre)" title="Riddim (genre)">Riddim</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghettotech" title="Ghettotech">Ghettotech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grime_music" title="Grime music">Grime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grindie" title="Grindie">Grindie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_funky" title="UK funky">UK funky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonky_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wonky (music)">Wonky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Future_bass" title="Future bass">Future bass</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kawaii_future_bass" class="mw-redirect" title="Kawaii future bass">Kawaii future bass</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garage_house" title="Garage house">Garage house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_bass" title="UK bass">UK bass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wave_music" title="Wave music">Wave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_UK_garage_artists" title="List of UK garage artists">List of UK garage artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_UK_garage_songs" title="List of UK garage songs">List of UK garage songs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Electronic-based_music_styles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a 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genres">Genres</a> by <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_electronic_music_genres" title="Timeline of electronic music genres">decade of origin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Early</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guitar_amplifier" title="Guitar amplifier">Amplified guitar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electric_blues" title="Electric blues">Electric blues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Hawaii#Guitar_innovations" title="Music of Hawaii">Hawaiian guitar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B9j%C3%BA_music" title="Jùjú music">Jùjú</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music" title="Rock music">Rock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rock_genres" title="List of rock genres">List of rock genres</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_swing" title="Western swing">Western swing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biomusic" title="Biomusic">Biomusic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_music" title="Computer music">Computer music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electroacoustic_music" title="Electroacoustic music">Electroacoustic music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acousmatic_music" title="Acousmatic music">Acousmatic music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musique_concr%C3%A8te" title="Musique concrète">Musique concrète</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tape_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Tape music">Tape music</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elektronische_Musik" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektronische Musik">Elektronische Musik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_electronic_music" title="Live electronic music">Live electronics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noise_music" title="Noise music">Noise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_system_(Jamaican)" title="Sound system (Jamaican)">Sound system (Jamaican)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_age_pop" title="Space age pop">Space age pop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambient_music" title="Ambient music">Ambient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drone_music" title="Drone music">Drone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dub_music" title="Dub music">Dub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_rock" title="Electronic rock">Electronic rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jazz-funk" title="Jazz-funk">Jazz-funk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krautrock" title="Krautrock">Krautrock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New-age_music" title="New-age music">New-age music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_rock" title="Progressive rock">Progressive rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychedelic_music" title="Psychedelic music">Psychedelic music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Psychedelic_funk" title="Psychedelic funk">Psychedelic funk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychedelic_rock" title="Psychedelic rock">Psychedelic rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sampledelia" title="Sampledelia">Sampledelia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_music" title="Space music">Space music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_rock" title="Space rock">Space rock</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afro/cosmic_music" title="Afro/cosmic music">Afro/cosmic music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_disco" class="mw-redirect" title="Space disco">Space disco</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boogie_(genre)" title="Boogie (genre)">Boogie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiptune" title="Chiptune">Chiptune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dancehall" title="Dancehall">Dancehall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electropunk" class="mw-redirect" title="Electropunk">Electropunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurodisco" title="Eurodisco">Eurodisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hi-NRG" title="Hi-NRG">Hi-NRG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_music" title="Industrial music">Industrial</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_rock" title="Industrial rock">Industrial rock</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanoise" title="Japanoise">Japanoise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_wave_music" title="New wave music">New wave</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cold_wave_(music)" title="Cold wave (music)">Cold wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_wave" title="Dark wave">Dark wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimal_wave" title="Minimal wave">Minimal wave</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-disco" title="Post-disco">Post-disco</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dance-punk" title="Dance-punk">Dance-punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance-rock" title="Dance-rock">Dance-rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italo_disco" title="Italo disco">Italo disco</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reggae_fusion" title="Reggae fusion">Reggae fusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synth-pop" title="Synth-pop">Synth-pop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acid_jazz" title="Acid jazz">Acid jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_dance" title="Alternative dance">Alternative dance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baggy" title="Baggy">Baggy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambient_pop" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambient pop">Ambient pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breakbeat" title="Breakbeat">Breakbeat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Florida_breaks" title="Florida breaks">Florida breaks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_R%26B" title="Contemporary R&B">Contemporary R&B</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_jack_swing" title="New jack swing">New jack swing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_ambient" title="Dark ambient">Dark ambient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubtronica" title="Dubtronica">Dubtronica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electro_(music)" title="Electro (music)">Electro</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freestyle_music" title="Freestyle music">Freestyle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electro-industrial" title="Electro-industrial">Electro-industrial</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_body_music" title="Electronic body music">Electronic body music</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electropop" title="Electropop">Electropop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_electronica" title="Ethnic electronica">Ethnic electronica</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Funk_carioca" title="Funk carioca">Funk carioca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuduro" title="Kuduro">Kuduro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwaito" title="Kwaito">Kwaito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tecnocumbia" title="Tecnocumbia">Tecnocumbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turbo-folk" title="Turbo-folk">Turbo-folk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurobeat" title="Eurobeat">Eurobeat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurodance" title="Eurodance">Eurodance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grebo_(music)" title="Grebo (music)">Grebo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_music" title="House music">House</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acid_house" title="Acid house">Acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambient_house" title="Ambient house">Ambient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balearic_beat" title="Balearic beat">Balearic beat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_house" title="Chicago house">Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_house" title="Deep house">Deep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garage_house" title="Garage house">Garage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funky_house" title="Funky house">Funky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italo_house" title="Italo house">Italo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_sound" title="New Jersey sound">Jersey sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_house" title="Hip house">Hip house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_house" title="Latin house">Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tech_house" title="Tech house">Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribal_house" title="Tribal house">Tribal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_hip_hop" title="Industrial hip hop">Industrial hip hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_metal" title="Industrial metal">Industrial metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_industrial" title="Martial industrial">Martial industrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_bass" title="Miami bass">Miami bass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_beat" title="New beat">New beat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_electronics_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Power electronics (music)">Power electronics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ragga" title="Ragga">Ragga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophisti-pop" title="Sophisti-pop">Sophisti-pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synth-metal" class="mw-redirect" title="Synth-metal">Synth-metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Techno" title="Techno">Techno</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acid_techno" title="Acid techno">Acid techno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bleep_techno" title="Bleep techno">Bleep techno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_techno" title="Detroit techno">Detroit techno</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracker_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Tracker music">Tracker music</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambient_dub" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambient dub">Ambient dub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambient_techno" title="Ambient techno">Ambient techno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_underground" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian underground">Asian underground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_club" title="Baltimore club">Baltimore club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhangragga" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhangragga">Bhangragga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_beat" title="Big beat">Big beat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitpop" title="Bitpop">Bitpop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breakbeat_hardcore" title="Breakbeat hardcore">Breakbeat hardcore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Darkcore" title="Darkcore">Darkcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Happy_hardcore" title="Happy hardcore">Happy hardcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toytown_techno" title="Toytown techno">Toytown techno</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broken_beat" title="Broken beat">Broken beat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changa_tuki" class="mw-redirect" title="Changa tuki">Changa tuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chopped_and_screwed" title="Chopped and screwed">Chopped and screwed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_electro" class="mw-redirect" title="Dark electro">Dark electro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denpa_song" title="Denpa song">Denpa song</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_hardcore" title="Digital hardcore">Digital hardcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disco_polo" title="Disco polo">Disco polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diva_house" title="Diva house">Diva house</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hardbag" title="Hardbag">Hardbag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtempo" title="Downtempo">Downtempo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_sound" class="mw-redirect" title="Bristol sound">Bristol sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psybient" class="mw-redirect" title="Psybient">Psybient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trip_hop" title="Trip hop">Trip hop</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drum_and_bass" title="Drum and bass">Drum and bass</a> <ul><li>Heavy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Darkstep" class="mw-redirect" title="Darkstep">Darkstep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardstep" title="Hardstep">Hardstep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neurofunk" title="Neurofunk">Neurofunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Techstep" title="Techstep">Techstep</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jungle_music" title="Jungle music">Jungle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ragga_jungle" class="mw-redirect" title="Ragga jungle">Ragga jungle</a></li></ul></li> <li>Light <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atmospheric_drum_and_bass" class="mw-redirect" title="Atmospheric drum and bass">Atmospheric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligent_drum_and_bass" class="mw-redirect" title="Intelligent drum and bass">Intelligent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jazzstep" class="mw-redirect" title="Jazzstep">Jazzstep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquid_funk" title="Liquid funk">Liquid funk</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dub_techno" title="Dub techno">Dub techno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dungeon_synth" title="Dungeon synth">Dungeon synth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electroclash" title="Electroclash">Electroclash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folktronica" title="Folktronica">Folktronica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_house" title="French house">French house</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nu_disco" class="mw-redirect" title="Nu disco">Nu disco</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funkot" title="Funkot">Funkot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Futurepop" title="Futurepop">Futurepop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghetto_house" title="Ghetto house">Ghetto house</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Footwork_(genre)" title="Footwork (genre)">Footwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghettotech" title="Ghettotech">Ghettotech</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glitch_(music)" title="Glitch (music)">Glitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardcore_(electronic_dance_music_genre)" title="Hardcore (electronic dance music genre)">Hardcore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_hardcore_techno" title="Belgian hardcore techno">Belgian techno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouncy_techno" title="Bouncy techno">Bouncy techno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breakcore" title="Breakcore">Breakcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_tekno_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Free tekno (music)">Free tekno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frenchcore" title="Frenchcore">Frenchcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabber" title="Gabber">Gabber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardstyle" title="Hardstyle">Hardstyle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lento_violento" title="Lento violento">Lento violento</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J-core" title="J-core">J-core</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1kina" title="Mákina">Mákina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speedcore" title="Speedcore">Speedcore</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harsh_noise_wall" title="Harsh noise wall">Harsh noise wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illbient" title="Illbient">Illbient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indietronica" class="mw-redirect" title="Indietronica">Indietronica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_techno" title="Industrial techno">Industrial techno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligent_dance_music" title="Intelligent dance music">Intelligent dance music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drill_%27n%27_bass" title="Drill 'n' bass">Drill 'n' bass</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kidandali" title="Kidandali">Kidandali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jam_band#1996–2008:_rise_of_Phish_and_music_festivals" title="Jam band">Livetronica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merenhouse" title="Merenhouse">Merenhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microhouse" title="Microhouse">Microhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimal_techno" title="Minimal techno">Minimal techno</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Schaffel" title="Schaffel">Schaffel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nu_jazz" title="Nu jazz">Nu jazz</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electro_swing" title="Electro swing">Electro swing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nu_metal" title="Nu metal">Nu metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nu_skool_breaks" title="Nu skool breaks">Nu skool breaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-rock" title="Post-rock">Post-rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_noise" title="Power noise">Power noise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_house" title="Progressive house">Progressive house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psydub" title="Psydub">Psydub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton">Reggaeton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dembow" class="mw-redirect" title="Dembow">Dembow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trance_music" title="Trance music">Trance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acid_trance" title="Acid trance">Acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balearic_trance" title="Balearic trance">Balearic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dream_trance" title="Dream trance">Dream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goa_trance" title="Goa trance">Goa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurodance#Hands_Up" title="Eurodance">Hands Up</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_trance" title="Hard trance">Hard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_trance" class="mw-redirect" title="Progressive trance">Progressive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychedelic_trance" title="Psychedelic trance">Psy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tech_trance" title="Tech trance">Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uplifting_trance" title="Uplifting trance">Uplifting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vocal_trance" class="mw-redirect" title="Vocal trance">Vocal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_garage" title="UK garage">UK garage</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2-step_garage" title="2-step garage">2-step</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breakstep" title="Breakstep">Breakstep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speed_garage" title="Speed garage">Speed garage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_hard_house" title="UK hard house">UK hard house</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hardbass" title="Hardbass">Hardbass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_NRG" title="Hard NRG">Hard NRG</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afrobeats" title="Afrobeats">Afrobeats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bassline_(music_genre)" title="Bassline (music genre)">Bassline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budots" title="Budots">Budots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_electronic_dance_music" title="Christian electronic dance music">Christian electronic dance music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloud_rap" title="Cloud rap">Cloud rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coup%C3%A9-d%C3%A9cal%C3%A9" title="Coupé-décalé">Coupé-décalé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crunk" title="Crunk">Crunk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crunkcore" title="Crunkcore">Crunkcore</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dancehall_pop" title="Dancehall pop">Dancehall pop</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dubstep</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reggaestep" title="Reggaestep">Reggaestep</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electro_house" title="Electro house">Electro house</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Complextro" class="mw-redirect" title="Complextro">Complextro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_house" class="mw-redirect" title="Dutch house">Dutch house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fidget_house" class="mw-redirect" title="Fidget house">Fidget house</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronicore" title="Electronicore">Electronicore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_garage" title="Future garage">Future garage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grime_(music_genre)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grime (music genre)">Grime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grindie" title="Grindie">Grindie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hauntology_(music)" title="Hauntology (music)">Hauntology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypnagogic_pop" title="Hypnagogic pop">Hypnagogic pop</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chillwave" title="Chillwave">Chillwave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glo-fi" class="mw-redirect" title="Glo-fi">Glo-fi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey_club" title="Jersey club">Jersey club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juke_house" class="mw-redirect" title="Juke house">Juke house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jumpstyle" title="Jumpstyle">Jumpstyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainstream_hardcore" title="Mainstream hardcore">Mainstream hardcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nightcore" title="Nightcore">Nightcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nintendocore" title="Nintendocore">Nintendocore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nortec" title="Nortec">Nortec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phonk" title="Phonk">Phonk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-punk_revival" title="Post-punk revival">Post-punk revival</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_rave" title="New rave">New rave</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rab%C3%B2day" title="Rabòday">Rabòday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reductionism_(music)" title="Reductionism (music)">Reductionism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lowercase_(music)" title="Lowercase (music)">Lowercase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onkyokei" title="Onkyokei">Onkyokei</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russ_music" title="Russ music">Russ music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambass" title="Sambass">Sambass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shangaan_electro" title="Shangaan electro">Shangaan electro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skweee" title="Skweee">Skweee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synthwave" title="Synthwave">Synthwave</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sovietwave" title="Sovietwave">Sovietwave</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tecno_brega" title="Tecno brega">Tecno brega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trival" class="mw-redirect" title="Trival">Trival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_bass" title="UK bass">UK bass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_funky" title="UK funky">UK funky</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Funkstep" title="Funkstep">Funkstep</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vocaloid_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Vocaloid music">Vocaloid music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_house_(genre)" title="Witch house (genre)">Witch house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonky_(genre)" title="Wonky (genre)">Wonky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonky_pop" title="Wonky pop">Wonky pop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afroswing" title="Afroswing">Afroswing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algorave" title="Algorave">Algorave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amapiano" title="Amapiano">Amapiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azonto" title="Azonto">Azonto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_room_house" title="Big room house">Big room house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_MIDI" title="Black MIDI">Black MIDI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_bass" class="mw-redirect" title="Brazilian bass">Brazilian bass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bro-country" title="Bro-country">Bro-country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deconstructed_club" title="Deconstructed club">Deconstructed club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreampunk" title="Dreampunk">Dreampunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funktronica" class="mw-redirect" title="Funktronica">Funktronica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_bass" title="Future bass">Future bass</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kawaii_future_bass" class="mw-redirect" title="Kawaii future bass">Kawaii future bass</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_house" title="Future house">Future house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_soul" title="Future soul">Future soul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperpop" title="Hyperpop">Hyperpop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gqom" title="Gqom">Gqom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jungle_terror" class="mw-redirect" title="Jungle terror">Jungle terror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lofi_hip_hop" title="Lofi hip hop">Lofi hip hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahraganat" title="Mahraganat">Mahraganat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melbourne_bounce" class="mw-redirect" title="Melbourne bounce">Melbourne bounce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moombahton" title="Moombahton">Moombahton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moombahcore" class="mw-redirect" title="Moombahcore">Moombahcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moombahsoul" class="mw-redirect" title="Moombahsoul">Moombahsoul</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumble_rap" title="Mumble rap">Mumble rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outsider_house" title="Outsider house">Outsider house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plugg_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Plugg (music)">Plugg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-dubstep" title="Post-dubstep">Post-dubstep</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brostep" title="Brostep">Brostep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riddim_(genre)" title="Riddim (genre)">Riddim (genre)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rara_tech" title="Rara tech">Rara tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seapunk" title="Seapunk">Seapunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamstep" title="Shamstep">Shamstep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trap_music_(EDM)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trap music (EDM)">EDM trap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_house" title="Tropical house">Tropical house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaporwave" title="Vaporwave">Vaporwave</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hardvapour" title="Hardvapour">Hardvapour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mallsoft" title="Mallsoft">Mallsoft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chopped_%26_screwed#Slowed_and_reverb" class="mw-redirect" title="Chopped & screwed">Slowed and reverb</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wave_music" title="Wave music">Wave</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hardwave" class="mw-redirect" title="Hardwave">Hardwave</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weird_SoundCloud" title="Weird SoundCloud">Weird SoundCloud</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breakcore#2020s_revival" title="Breakcore">Breakcore revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drift_phonk" class="mw-redirect" title="Drift phonk">Drift phonk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperpop#Related_genres" title="Hyperpop">Hyperpop microgenres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plugg_(music)#Proliferation_of_micro-subgenres" class="mw-redirect" title="Plugg (music)">Plugg microgenres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rage_rap" class="mw-redirect" title="Rage rap">Rage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drop_(music)" title="Drop (music)">Beat drop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Club_drug" title="Club drug">Club drug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disc_jockey" title="Disc jockey">Disc jockey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DJ_mix" title="DJ mix">DJ mix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_system_(DJ)" title="Sound system (DJ)">Sound system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turntablism" title="Turntablism">Turntablism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mashup_(music)" title="Mashup (music)">Mashup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microgenre" title="Microgenre">Microgenre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nightclub" title="Nightclub">Nightclub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rave" title="Rave">Rave</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acid_house_party" title="Acid house party">Acid house party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circuit_party" title="Circuit party">Circuit party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doof" title="Doof">Doof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_electronic_dance_music_festivals" class="mw-redirect" title="List of electronic dance music festivals">EDM festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_party" title="Free party">Free party</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teknival" title="Teknival">Teknival</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remix" title="Remix">Remix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sampling_(music)" title="Sampling (music)">Sampling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plunderphonics" title="Plunderphonics">Plunderphonics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rare_groove" title="Rare groove">Rare groove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riddim" title="Riddim">Riddim</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_dance" title="Street dance">Street dance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_dance" title="House dance">House dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rave_dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Rave dance">Rave dance</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bass_music" title="Bass music">Bass music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_fusion" title="Celtic fusion">Celtic fusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chill-out_music" title="Chill-out music">Chill-out music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lounge_music" title="Lounge music">Lounge music</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disco" title="Disco">Disco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doujin_music" title="Doujin music">Doujin music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lo-fi_music" title="Lo-fi music">Lo-fi music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madchester" title="Madchester">Madchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_electronica" class="mw-redirect" title="Progressive electronica">Progressive electronica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rave_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Rave music">Rave music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reggae" title="Reggae">Reggae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_collage" title="Sound collage">Sound collage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_music" title="Video game music">Video game music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adaptive_music" title="Adaptive music">Adaptive music</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bass_(sound)#Music_shows_and_dances" title="Bass (sound)">Bass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_sonification" title="Data sonification">Data sonification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_audio_workstation" title="Digital audio workstation">Digital audio workstation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drum_break" class="mw-redirect" title="Drum break">Drum break</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sampled_drum_breaks" title="Category:Sampled drum breaks">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_musical_instrument" title="Electronic musical instrument">Electronic musical instrument</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drum_machine" title="Drum machine">Drum machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sampler_(musical_instrument)" title="Sampler (musical instrument)">Sampler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synthesizer" title="Synthesizer">Synthesizer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronics_in_rock_music" title="Electronics in rock music">Electronics in rock music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIDI" title="MIDI">MIDI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_technology_(electronic_and_digital)" title="Music technology (electronic and digital)">Music technology (electronic and digital)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recording_studio_as_an_instrument" title="Recording studio as an instrument">Recording studio as an instrument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waveform" title="Waveform">Waveform</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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