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hardening</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: press hardening"> <meta name="keywords" content="press hardening"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="press hardening"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 458</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: press hardening</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">458</span> Press Hardening of Tubes with Additional Interior Spray Cooling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20A.%20Behrens">B. A. Behrens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20J.%20Maier"> H. J. Maier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Neumann"> A. Neumann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Moritz"> J. Moritz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H%C3%BCbner"> S. Hübner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Gretzki"> T. Gretzki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20N%C3%BCrnberger"> F. Nürnberger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Spiekermeier"> A. Spiekermeier</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Press-hardened profiles are used e.g. for automotive applications in order to improve light weight construction due to the high reachable strength. The application of interior water-air spray cooling contributes to significantly reducing the cycle time in the production of heat-treated tubes. This paper describes a new manufacturing method for producing press-hardened hollow profiles by means of an additional interior cooling based on a water-air spray. Furthermore, this paper provides the results of thorough investigations on the properties of press-hardened tubes in dependence of varying spray parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=22MnB5" title="22MnB5">22MnB5</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=press%20hardening" title=" press hardening"> press hardening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water-air%20spray%20cooling" title=" water-air spray cooling"> water-air spray cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hollow%20profiles" title=" hollow profiles"> hollow profiles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tubes" title=" tubes"> tubes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22942/press-hardening-of-tubes-with-additional-interior-spray-cooling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22942.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">273</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">457</span> Alternative Coating Compositions by Thermal Arc Spraying to Improve the Contact Heat Treatment in Press Hardening</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philipp%20Burger">Philipp Burger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonas%20Sommer"> Jonas Sommer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haneen%20Daoud"> Haneen Daoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Franz%20Hilmer"> Franz Hilmer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uwe%20Glatzel"> Uwe Glatzel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Press-hardened structural components made of coated high-strength steel are an essential part of the automotive industry when it comes to weight reduction, safety, and durability. Alternative heat treatment processes, such as contact heating, have been developed to improve the efficiency of this process. However, contact heating of the steel sheets often results in cracking within the Al-Si-coated layer. Therefore, this paper will address the development of alternative coating compositions based on Al-Si-X, suitable for contact heating. For this purpose, robot-assisted thermal arc spray was applied to coat the high-strength steel sheets. This ensured high reproducibility as well as effectiveness. The influence of the coating parameters and the variation of the nozzle geometry on the microstructure of the developed coatings will be discussed. Finally, the surface and mechanical properties after contact heating and press hardening will be presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=press%20hardening" title="press hardening">press hardening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot%20stamping" title=" hot stamping"> hot stamping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20spraying" title=" thermal spraying"> thermal spraying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arc%20spraying" title=" arc spraying"> arc spraying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coating%20compositions" title=" coating compositions"> coating compositions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159998/alternative-coating-compositions-by-thermal-arc-spraying-to-improve-the-contact-heat-treatment-in-press-hardening" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159998.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">94</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">456</span> Experimental Determination of Aluminum 7075-T6 Parameters Using Stabilized Cycle Tests to Predict Thermal Ratcheting</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Armin%20Rahmatfam">Armin Rahmatfam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Zehsaz"> Mohammad Zehsaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farid%20Vakili%20Tahami"> Farid Vakili Tahami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasser%20Ghassembaglou"> Nasser Ghassembaglou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper the thermal ratcheting, kinematic hardening parameters C, γ, isotropic hardening parameters and also k, b, Q combined isotropic/kinematic hardening parameters have been obtained experimentally from the monotonic, strain controlled cyclic tests at room and elevated temperatures of 20°C, 100°C, and 400°C. These parameters are used in nonlinear combined isotropic/kinematic hardening model to predict better description of the loading and reloading cycles in the cyclic indentation as well as thermal ratcheting. For this purpose, three groups of specimens made of Aluminum 7075-T6 have been investigated. After each test and using stable hysteretic cycles, material parameters have been obtained for using in combined nonlinear isotropic/kinematic hardening models. Also the methodology of obtaining the correct kinematic/isotropic hardening parameters is presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=combined%20hardening%20model" title="combined hardening model">combined hardening model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinematic%20hardening" title=" kinematic hardening"> kinematic hardening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isotropic%20hardening" title=" isotropic hardening"> isotropic hardening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclic%20tests" title=" cyclic tests"> cyclic tests</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18280/experimental-determination-of-aluminum-7075-t6-parameters-using-stabilized-cycle-tests-to-predict-thermal-ratcheting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18280.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">480</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">455</span> Precipitation and Age Hardening in Al-Mg-Si-(Cu) Alloys for Automotive Body Sheet</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahar%20Abid">Tahar Abid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haoues%20Ghouss"> Haoues Ghouss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhamid%20Boubertakh"> Abdelhamid Boubertakh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This present work is focused on the hardening precipitation in two AlMgSi(Cu) automotive body sheets. The effect of pre-aging, aging treatment and 0.10 wt % copper addition on the hardening response was investigated using scanning calorimetry (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Vickers microhardness measurements (Hv). The results reveal the apparition of α-AlFeSi, α-AlFe(Mn)Si type precipitates frequently present and witch remain stable at high temperature in Al-Mg-Si alloys. Indeed, the hardening response in both sheets is certainly due to the predominance of very fine typical phases β' and β'' as rods and needles developed during aging with and without pre-aging. The effect of pre ageing just after homogenization and quenching is to correct the undesirable effect of aging at ambient temperature by making faster alloy hardening during artificial aging.The addition of 0.10 wt % copper has allowed to refine and to enhance the precipitation hardening after quenching. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AlMgSi%20alloys" title="AlMgSi alloys">AlMgSi alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precipitation" title=" precipitation"> precipitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardening" title=" hardening"> hardening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activation%20energy" title=" activation energy"> activation energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166964/precipitation-and-age-hardening-in-al-mg-si-cu-alloys-for-automotive-body-sheet" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166964.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">454</span> Detection of Keypoint in Press-Fit Curve Based on Convolutional Neural Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shoujia%20Fang">Shoujia Fang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guoqing%20Ding"> Guoqing Ding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xin%20Chen"> Xin Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The quality of press-fit assembly is closely related to reliability and safety of product. The paper proposed a keypoint detection method based on convolutional neural network to improve the accuracy of keypoint detection in press-fit curve. It would provide an auxiliary basis for judging quality of press-fit assembly. The press-fit curve is a curve of press-fit force and displacement. Both force data and distance data are time-series data. Therefore, one-dimensional convolutional neural network is used to process the press-fit curve. After the obtained press-fit data is filtered, the multi-layer one-dimensional convolutional neural network is used to perform the automatic learning of press-fit curve features, and then sent to the multi-layer perceptron to finally output keypoint of the curve. We used the data of press-fit assembly equipment in the actual production process to train CNN model, and we used different data from the same equipment to evaluate the performance of detection. Compared with the existing research result, the performance of detection was significantly improved. This method can provide a reliable basis for the judgment of press-fit quality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=keypoint%20detection" title="keypoint detection">keypoint detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curve%20feature" title=" curve feature"> curve feature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convolutional%20neural%20network" title=" convolutional neural network"> convolutional neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=press-fit%20assembly" title=" press-fit assembly"> press-fit assembly</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98263/detection-of-keypoint-in-press-fit-curve-based-on-convolutional-neural-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98263.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">230</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">453</span> Simulation of Hamming Coding and Decoding for Microcontroller Radiation Hardening</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rehab%20I.%20Abdul%20Rahman">Rehab I. Abdul Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mazhar%20B.%20Tayel"> Mazhar B. Tayel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a method of hardening the 8051 microcontroller, that able to assure reliable operation in the presence of bit flips caused by radiation. Aiming at avoiding such faults in the 8051 microcontroller, Hamming code protection was used in its SRAM memory and registers. A VHDL code and its simulation have been used for this hamming code protection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation" title="radiation">radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardening" title=" hardening"> hardening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bitflip" title=" bitflip"> bitflip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hamming" title=" hamming"> hamming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20963/simulation-of-hamming-coding-and-decoding-for-microcontroller-radiation-hardening" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20963.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">499</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">452</span> The Impact of Financial News and Press Freedom on Abnormal Returns around Earnings Announcements in Greater China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-Chen%20Wei">Yu-Chen Wei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang-Cheng%20Lu"> Yang-Cheng Lu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I-Chi%20Lin"> I-Chi Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examines the impacts of news sentiment and press freedom on abnormal returns during the earnings announcement in greater China including the Shanghai, Shenzhen and Taiwan stock markets. The news sentiment ratio is calculated by using the content analysis of semantic orientation. The empirical results show that news released prior to the event date may decrease the cumulative abnormal returns prior to the earnings announcement regardless of whether it is released in China or Taiwan. By contrast, companies with optimistic financial news may increase the cumulative abnormal returns during the announcement date. Furthermore, the difference in terms of press freedom is considered in greater China to compare the impact of press freedom on abnormal returns. The findings show that, the freer the press is, the more negatively significant will be the impact of news on the abnormal returns, which means that the press freedom may decrease the ability of the news to impact the abnormal returns. The intuition is that investors may receive alternative news related to each company in the market with greater press freedom, which proves the efficiency of the market and reduces the possible excess returns. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=news" title="news">news</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=press%20freedom" title=" press freedom"> press freedom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Greater%20China" title=" Greater China"> Greater China</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earnings%20announcement" title=" earnings announcement"> earnings announcement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abnormal%20returns" title=" abnormal returns"> abnormal returns</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8585/the-impact-of-financial-news-and-press-freedom-on-abnormal-returns-around-earnings-announcements-in-greater-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8585.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">393</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">451</span> Violations of Press Freedom</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khalid%20Achaat">Khalid Achaat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is difficult to speak about freedom of the press in Algeria without first talking to fifty-seven journalists killed in the country between 1993 and 1997 and the five missing journalists. No serious investigation was conducted to find the culprits. When a State is not able to guarantee law, there is no justice and violations of the law become "systematic". How to claim the freedom of press in Algeria, when death becomes "banal"? In these circumstances, can we talk of rights of the Algerian press? It is impossible to understand the problems of the press in Algeria, focusing solely legal issues. Take into account technical, financial and political. Their respective roles varies depending on whether one focuses on the collection of information, the regime of the newspaper company or publication and dissemination. Can we say that the Algerian press is "the freest in the Arab world", while the latter reflects only partially the real problems facing the country? While any newspaper company is subject, de facto, to an authorization scheme, permanently subjected to the constant threat of withdrawal of the authorization, suspension, prohibition or closure without it has the right to a remedy? Can it be free when the majority of "media owners", head of the largest daily newspapers are derived from the single party in power since independence? Some of this release does not it serves the interests of the Algerian power? <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=freedom" title="freedom">freedom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=press" title=" press"> press</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power" title=" power"> power</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=closure" title=" closure"> closure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=suspension" title=" suspension"> suspension</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37146/violations-of-press-freedom" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37146.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">350</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">450</span> Effect of Pressing Pressure on Mechanical Properties of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. Fronds-Based Composite Board</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ellisha%20Iling">Ellisha Iling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dayang%20Siti%20Hazimmah%20Ali"> Dayang Siti Hazimmah Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Experimental composite boards were fabricated using oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) fronds particles by applying hot press pressure of 5MPa, 6MPa and 7MPa respectively. Modulus of rupture (MOR) and internal bond strength (IB) of the composite boards made with target density of 0.80 g/cm³ were evaluated. Composite board fabricated under hot press pressure of 5MPa had MOR and IB values of 16.27 and 4.34 N/mm² respectively. Corresponding values for composite board fabricated under hot press pressure of 6MPa were 16.76 and 5.41 N/mm² respectively. Whereas, the MOR and IB values of composite board fabricated under hot press pressure of 7MPa were 17.24 and 6.19 N/mm² respectively. All composite boards met the MOR and IB requirement stated in Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS). Based on results of this work, the strength of mechanical properties of composite board increased with increase of hot press pressure. This study revealed that the selection of applied pressure during fabrication of composite board is important to improve mechanical properties of composite boards. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20board" title="composite board">composite board</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elaeis%20guineensis%20Jacq.%20Fronds" title=" Elaeis guineensis Jacq. Fronds"> Elaeis guineensis Jacq. Fronds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot%20press%20pressure" title=" hot press pressure"> hot press pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99197/effect-of-pressing-pressure-on-mechanical-properties-of-elaeis-guineensis-jacq-fronds-based-composite-board" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99197.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">197</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">449</span> New Dynamic Constitutive Model for OFHC Copper Film</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin%20Sung%20Kim">Jin Sung Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hoon%20Huh"> Hoon Huh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The material properties of OFHC copper film was investigated with the High-Speed Material Micro Testing Machine (HSMMTM) at the high strain rates. The rate-dependent stress-strain curves from the experiment and the Johnson-Cook curve fitting showed large discrepancies as the plastic strain increases since the constitutive model implies no rate-dependent strain hardening effect. A new constitutive model was proposed in consideration of rate-dependent strain hardening effect. The strain rate hardening term in the new constitutive model consists of the strain rate sensitivity coefficients of the yield strength and strain hardening. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rate%20dependent%20material%20properties" title="rate dependent material properties">rate dependent material properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20constitutive%20model" title=" dynamic constitutive model"> dynamic constitutive model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OFHC%20copper%20film" title=" OFHC copper film"> OFHC copper film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strain%20rate" title=" strain rate"> strain rate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3721/new-dynamic-constitutive-model-for-ofhc-copper-film" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3721.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">486</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">448</span> Visual Construction of Youth in Czechoslovak Press Photographs: 1959-1989</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jana%20Tepl%C3%A1">Jana Teplá</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This text focuses on the visual construction of youth in press photographs in socialist Czechoslovakia. It deals with photographs in a magazine for young readers, <em>Mladý svět,</em> published by the Socialist Union of Youth of Czechoslovakia. The aim of this study was to develop a methodological tool for uncovering the values and the ideological messages in the strategies used in the visual construction of reality in the socialist press. Two methods of visual analysis were applied to the photographs, a quantitative content analysis and a social semiotic analysis. The social semiotic analysis focused on images representing youth in their free time. The study shows that the meaning of a socialist press photograph is a result of a struggle for ideological power between formal and informal ideologies. This struggle takes place within the process of production of the photograph and also within the process of interpretation of the photograph. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ideology" title="ideology">ideology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=press%20photography" title=" press photography"> press photography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=socialist%20regime" title=" socialist regime"> socialist regime</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20semiotics" title=" social semiotics"> social semiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=youth" title=" youth"> youth</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64626/visual-construction-of-youth-in-czechoslovak-press-photographs-1959-1989" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64626.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">447</span> Women in the Soviet Press during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nani%20Manvelishvili">Nani Manvelishvili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Soviet propaganda tried to shape common public opinion through Soviet Press. The activation of propaganda gained special importance to increase the fighting ability of the military and people behind the front During the Great Patriotic war (1941-1945). The state propaganda used unnecessary intervention in Press and created characters who were supposed to be role models for society. The new female role models were identified, which were supported by the authorities. The representation of the mother, warrior woman, working woman, victim, feminine woman, etc., in the works aimed to raise the fighting ability of the Soviet citizen and incite patriotism. This paper analyzes the soviet Press (The newspaper “Komunisti”) that was written and published during the Great Patriotic war in Soviet Georgia. The study aims to find propagandistic content in Press that used Soviet ideology during the Great Patriotic war. We analyzed the Soviet Newspaper "Komunisti," published during wartime. Soviet Press had the most significant impact on the formation of public opinion. The Soviet government actively used this resource to increase combat capability. While at the beginning of the war, women were supposed to replace men, propaganda by the end of the war moved to reassert conservative gender politics. Women returned to their traditional roles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Great%20Patriotic%20War" title="Great Patriotic War">Great Patriotic War</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soviet%20Georgia" title=" Soviet Georgia"> Soviet Georgia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women%20in%20war" title=" women in war"> women in war</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women%27s%20history" title=" women's history"> women's history</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soviet%20press" title=" Soviet press"> Soviet press</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156304/women-in-the-soviet-press-during-the-great-patriotic-war-1941-1945" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156304.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">446</span> Bake Hardening Behavior of Ultrafine Grained and Nano-Grained AA6061 Aluminum Alloy </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Alihosseini">Hamid Alihosseini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamran%20Dehghani"> Kamran Dehghani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the effects of grain size of AA6061 aluminum on the bake hardening have been investigated. The grains of sample sheets refined by applying 4, 8, and 12 passes of ECAP and their microstructures and mechanical properties were investigated. EBSD and TEM studies of the sheets showed grain refinement, and the EBSD micrograph of the alloy ECAPed for 12 passes showed nano-grained (NG) ∼95nm in size. Then, the bake hardenability of processed sheet was compared by pre-straining to 6% followed by baking at 200°C for 20 min. The results show that in case of baking at 200°C, there was an increase about 108%, 93%, and 72% in the bake hardening for 12, 8, and 4 passes, respectively. The maximum in bake hardenability (120 MPa) and final yield stress (583 MPa) were pertaining to the ultra-fine grain specimen pre-strained 6% followed by baking at 200◦C. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bake%20hardening" title="bake hardening">bake hardening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrafine%20grain" title=" ultrafine grain"> ultrafine grain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano%20grain" title=" nano grain"> nano grain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AA6061%20aluminum" title=" AA6061 aluminum"> AA6061 aluminum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=" title=" "> </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33963/bake-hardening-behavior-of-ultrafine-grained-and-nano-grained-aa6061-aluminum-alloy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33963.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">445</span> Comparison Physicochemical Properties of Hexane Extracted Aniseed Oil from Cold Press Extraction Residue and Cold Press Aniseed Oil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Derya%20%C3%96ren">Derya Ören</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C5%9Eeyma%20Akal%C4%B1n"> Şeyma Akalın</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cold pres technique is a traditional method to obtain oil. The cold-pressing procedure, involves neither heat nor chemical treatments, so cold press technique has low oil yield and cold pressed herbal material residue still contains some oil. In this study, the oil that is remained in the cold pressed aniseed extracted with hegzan and analysed to determine physicochemical properties and quality parameters. It is found that the aniseed after cold press process contains % 10 oil. Other analysis parametres free fatty acid (FFA) is 2,1 mgKOH/g, peroxide value is 7,6 meq02/kg. Cold pressed aniseed oil values are determined for fatty acid (FFA) value as 2,1 mgKOH/g, peroxide value 4,5 meq02/kg respectively. Also fatty acid composition is analysed, it is found that both of these oil have same fatty acid composition. The main fatty acids are; oleic, linoleic, and palmitic acids. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aniseed%20oil" title="aniseed oil">aniseed oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold%20press" title=" cold press"> cold press</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extraction" title=" extraction"> extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residue" title=" residue"> residue</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37167/comparison-physicochemical-properties-of-hexane-extracted-aniseed-oil-from-cold-press-extraction-residue-and-cold-press-aniseed-oil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37167.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">405</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">444</span> Improvement of Wear Resistance of 356 Aluminum Alloy by High Energy Electron Beam Irradiation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Farnush">M. Farnush</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is concerned with the microstructural analysis and improvement of wear resistance of 356 aluminum alloy by a high energy electron beam. Shock hardening on material by high energy electron beam improved wear resistance. Particularly, in the surface of material by shock hardening, the wear resistance was greatly enhanced to 29% higher than that of the 356 aluminum alloy substrate. These findings suggested that surface shock hardening using high energy electron beam irradiation was economical and useful for the development of surface shock hardening with improved wear resistance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al356%20alloy" title="Al356 alloy">Al356 alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HEEB" title=" HEEB"> HEEB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear%20resistance" title=" wear resistance"> wear resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frictional%20characteristics" title=" frictional characteristics"> frictional characteristics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47963/improvement-of-wear-resistance-of-356-aluminum-alloy-by-high-energy-electron-beam-irradiation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47963.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">443</span> Substitution of Natural Aggregates by Crushed Concrete Waste in Concrete Products Manufacturing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jozef%20Junak">Jozef Junak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadezda%20Stevulova"> Nadezda Stevulova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is aimed to the use of different types of industrial wastes in concrete production. From examined waste (crushed concrete waste) our tested concrete samples with dimension 150 mm were prepared. In these samples, fractions 4/8 mm and 8/16 mm by recycled concrete aggregate with a range of variation from 0 to 100% were replaced. Experiment samples were tested for compressive strength after 2, 7, 14 and 28 days of hardening. From obtained results it is evident that all samples prepared with washed recycled concrete aggregates met the requirement of standard for compressive strength of 20 MPa already after 14 days of hardening. Sample prepared with recycled concrete aggregates (4/8 mm: 100% and 8/16 mm: 60%) reached 101% of compressive strength value (34.7 MPa) after 28 days of hardening in comparison with the reference sample (34.4 MPa). The lowest strength after 28 days of hardening (27.42 MPa) was obtained for sample consisting of recycled concrete in proportion of 40% for 4/8 fraction and 100% for 8/16 fraction of recycled concrete. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycled%20concrete%20aggregate" title="recycled concrete aggregate">recycled concrete aggregate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=re-use" title=" re-use"> re-use</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workability" title=" workability"> workability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title=" compressive strength"> compressive strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28665/substitution-of-natural-aggregates-by-crushed-concrete-waste-in-concrete-products-manufacturing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28665.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">371</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">442</span> Which Tempo On The Bench Press Maximizes 1 Rep Max Growth?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aiden%20Wang">Aiden Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joseph%20Marino"> Joseph Marino</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we investigated the impact of different tempo variations on 1-repetition maximum (1RM) growth, focusing on the eccentric, isometric, and concentric phases of the lift. Through a 6-week longitudinal study involving 20 individuals with 1-5 years of barbell training experience, we compared the effects of various tempo schemes on bench press performance. Our results revealed that subjects who performed a tempo bench press with a 3-second eccentric phase, 3-second isometric phase, and explosive concentric phase on a weekly basis experienced the most significant increases in 1RM. Notably, this tempo also led to improved technique and stability during the exercise. Our findings provide valuable insights for strength trainers and coaches seeking to optimize bench press performance and overcome strength plateaus effectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exercise%20science" title="exercise science">exercise science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=powerlifting" title=" powerlifting"> powerlifting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=barbell" title=" barbell"> barbell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interventionist" title=" interventionist"> interventionist</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=longitudinal%20study" title=" longitudinal study"> longitudinal study</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188653/which-tempo-on-the-bench-press-maximizes-1-rep-max-growth" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188653.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">39</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">441</span> Active Part of the Burnishing Tool Effect on the Physico-Geometric Aspect of the Superficial Layer of 100C6 and 16NC6 Steels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarek%20Litim">Tarek Litim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ouahiba%20Taamallah"> Ouahiba Taamallah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Burnishing is a mechanical surface treatment that combines several beneficial effects on the two steel grades studied. The application of burnishing to the ball or to the tip favors a better roughness compared to turning. In addition, it allows the consolidation of the surface layers through work hardening phenomena. The optimal effects are closely related to the treatment parameters and the active part of the device. With an improvement of 78% on the roughness, burnishing can be defined as a finishing operation in the machining range. With a 44% gain in consolidation rate, this treatment is an effective process for material consolidation. These effects are affected by several factors. The factors V, f, P, r, and i have the most significant effects on both roughness and hardness. Ball or tip burnishing leads to the consolidation of the surface layers of both grades 100C6 and 16NC6 steels by work hardening. For each steel grade and its mechanical treatment, the rational tensile curve has been drawn. Lüdwick's law is used to better plot the work hardening curve. For both grades, a material hardening law is established. For 100C6 steel, these results show a work hardening coefficient and a consolidation rate of 0.513 and 44, respectively, compared to the surface layers processed by turning. When 16NC6 steel is processed, the work hardening coefficient is about 0.29. Hardness tests characterize well the burnished depth. The layer affected by work hardening can reach up to 0.4 mm. Simulation of the tests is of great importance to provide the details at the local scale of the material. Conventional tensile curves provide a satisfactory indication of the toughness of 100C6 and 16NC6 materials. A simulation of the tensile curves revealed good agreement between the experimental and simulation results for both steels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=100C6%20steel" title="100C6 steel">100C6 steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=16NC6%20steel" title=" 16NC6 steel"> 16NC6 steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=burnishing" title=" burnishing"> burnishing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=work%20hardening" title=" work hardening"> work hardening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roughness" title=" roughness"> roughness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardness" title=" hardness"> hardness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141194/active-part-of-the-burnishing-tool-effect-on-the-physico-geometric-aspect-of-the-superficial-layer-of-100c6-and-16nc6-steels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141194.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">440</span> Analysis of Cyclic Elastic-Plastic Loading of Shaft Based on Kinematic Hardening Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isa%20Ahmadi">Isa Ahmadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramin%20Khamedi"> Ramin Khamedi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the elasto-plastic and cyclic torsion of a shaft is studied using a finite element method. The Prager kinematic hardening theory of plasticity with the Ramberg and Osgood stress-strain equation is used to evaluate the cyclic loading behavior of the shaft under the torsional loading. The material of shaft is assumed to follow the non-linear strain hardening property based on the Prager model. The finite element method with C1 continuity is developed and used for solution of the governing equations of the problem. The successive substitution iterative method is used to calculate the distribution of stresses and plastic strains in the shaft due to cyclic loads. The shear stress, effective stress, residual stress and elastic and plastic shear strain distribution are presented in the numerical results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclic%20loading" title="cyclic loading">cyclic loading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis" title=" finite element analysis"> finite element analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prager%20kinematic%20hardening%20model" title=" Prager kinematic hardening model"> Prager kinematic hardening model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=torsion%20of%20shaft" title=" torsion of shaft"> torsion of shaft</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10130/analysis-of-cyclic-elastic-plastic-loading-of-shaft-based-on-kinematic-hardening-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10130.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">408</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">439</span> Modeling of Age Hardening Process Using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System: Results from Aluminum Alloy A356/Cow Horn Particulate Composite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chidozie%20C.%20Nwobi-Okoye">Chidozie C. Nwobi-Okoye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Basil%20Q.%20Ochieze"> Basil Q. Ochieze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stanley%20Okiy"> Stanley Okiy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research reports on the modeling of age hardening process using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). The age hardening output (Hardness) was predicted using ANFIS. The input parameters were ageing time, temperature and percentage composition of cow horn particles (CHp%). The results show the correlation coefficient (R) of the predicted hardness values versus the measured values was of 0.9985. Subsequently, values outside the experimental data points were predicted. When the temperature was kept constant, and other input parameters were varied, the average relative error of the predicted values was 0.0931%. When the temperature was varied, and other input parameters kept constant, the average relative error of the hardness values predictions was 80%. The results show that ANFIS with coarse experimental data points for learning is not very effective in predicting process outputs in the age hardening operation of A356 alloy/CHp particulate composite. The fine experimental data requirements by ANFIS make it more expensive in modeling and optimization of age hardening operations of A356 alloy/CHp particulate composite. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20neuro-fuzzy%20inference%20system%20%28ANFIS%29" title="adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS)">adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=age%20hardening" title=" age hardening"> age hardening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminum%20alloy" title=" aluminum alloy"> aluminum alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal%20matrix%20composite" title=" metal matrix composite"> metal matrix composite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83874/modeling-of-age-hardening-process-using-adaptive-neuro-fuzzy-inference-system-results-from-aluminum-alloy-a356cow-horn-particulate-composite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83874.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">438</span> Challenges to Press Freedom in Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Awais%20Ahmad">Awais Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> People of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) and Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) remains underrepresented in Pakistan’s mainstream media and their miseries and concerns are unheard and unnoticed. Rising the incidents of human rights violation in KP province of Pakistan, and its absence in the mainstream media has raised many questions on the clause of press freedom known as 19/A in the constitution of Pakistan, that has claimed freedom of speech to all Pakistani citizens. Using a ‘think a loud’ research technique, senior most journalists of KP have been interviewed to get to know reasons of why and how Pashtun’s voices have been silenced in a democratic country where individual’s opinion is considered more powerful, and they can exercise freedom to protest and speak-up for their rights. The information collected from the journalists has been used to evaluate press freedom in KP and FATA by applying the institutional theory. The paper evaluates different recent cases where Pashtun journalists, media outlets and social activists were being punished for criticizing authorities and military establishment. This study also explores that the perception of local journalists regarding press freedom and what are the factors they consider it restrictions while they perform their duties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=press%20freedom" title="press freedom">press freedom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=federally%20administered%20tribal%20areas%20%28fata%29" title=" federally administered tribal areas (fata)"> federally administered tribal areas (fata)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=khyber%20pakhtunkhwa%20%28kp%29" title=" khyber pakhtunkhwa (kp)"> khyber pakhtunkhwa (kp)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=military%20establishment" title=" military establishment"> military establishment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167654/challenges-to-press-freedom-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167654.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">67</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">437</span> Effect of Treated Peat Soil on the Plasticity Index and Hardening Time</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siti%20Nur%20Aida%20Mario">Siti Nur Aida Mario</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farah%20Hafifee%20Ahmad"> Farah Hafifee Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rudy%20Tawie"> Rudy Tawie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Soil Stabilization has been widely implemented in the construction industry nowadays. Peat soil is well known as one of the most problematic soil among the engineers. The procedures need to take into account both physical and engineering properties of the stabilized peat soil. This paper presents a result of plasticity index and hardening of treated peat soil with various dosage of additives. In order to determine plasticity of the treated peat soil, atterberg limit test which comprises plastic limit and liquid limit test has been conducted. Determination of liquid limit in this experimental study is by using cone penetrometer. Vicat testing apparatus has been used in the hardening test which the penetration of the plunger is recorded every one hour for 24 hours. The results show that the plasticity index of peat soil stabilized with 80% FAAC and 20% OPC has the lowest plasticity index and recorded the fastest initial setting time. The significant of this study is to promote greener solution for future soil stabilization industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=additives" title="additives">additives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardening" title=" hardening"> hardening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peat%20soil" title=" peat soil"> peat soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasticity%20index" title=" plasticity index"> plasticity index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20stabilization" title=" soil stabilization"> soil stabilization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44907/effect-of-treated-peat-soil-on-the-plasticity-index-and-hardening-time" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44907.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">329</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">436</span> Comparative Study of sLASER and PRESS Techniques in Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Normal Brain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shin%20Ku%20Kim">Shin Ku Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yun%20Ah%20Oh"> Yun Ah Oh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eun%20Hee%20Seo"> Eun Hee Seo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chang%20Min%20Dae"> Chang Min Dae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yun%20Jung%20Bae"> Yun Jung Bae</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: The commonly used PRESS technique in magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has a limitation of incomplete water suppression. The recently developed sLASER technique is known for its improved effectiveness in suppressing water signal. However, no prior study has compared both sequences in a normal human brain. In this study, we firstly aimed to compare the performances of both techniques in brain MRS. Materials and methods: From January 2023 to July 2023, thirty healthy participants (mean age 38 years, 17 male, 13 female) without underlying neurological diseases were enrolled in this study. All participants underwent single-voxel MRS using both PRESS and sLASER techniques on 3T MRI. Two regions-of-interest were allocated in the left medial thalamus and left parietal white matter (WM) by a single reader. The SpectroView Analysis (SW5, Philips, Netherlands) provided automatic measurements, including signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and peak_height of water, N-acetylaspartate (NAA)-water/Choline (Cho)-water/Creatine (Cr)-water ratios, and NAA-Cr/Cho-Cr ratios. The measurements from PRESS and sLASER techniques were compared using paired T-tests and Bland-Altman methods, and the variability was assessed using coefficients of variation (CV). Results: SNR and peak_heights of the water were significantly lower with sLASER compared to PRESS (left medial thalamus, sLASER SNR/peak_height 2092±475/328±85 vs. PRESS 2811±549/440±105); left parietal WM, 5422±1016/872±196 vs. 7152±1305/1150±278; all, P<0.001, respectively). Accordingly, NAA-water/Cho-water/Cr-water ratios and NAA-Cr/Cho-Cr ratios were significantly higher with sLASER than with PRESS (all, P< 0.001, respectively). The variabilities of NAA-water/Cho-water/Cr-water ratios and Cho-Cr ratio in the left medial thalamus were lower with sLASER than with PRESS (CV, sLASER vs. PRESS, 19.9 vs. 58.1/19.8 vs. 54.7/20.5 vs. 43.9 and 11.5 vs. 16.2) Conclusion: The sLASER technique demonstrated enhanced background water suppression, resulting in increased signals and reduced variability in brain metabolite measurements of MRS. Therefore, sLASER could offer a more precise and stable method for identifying brain metabolites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magnetic%20resonance%20spectroscopy" title="Magnetic resonance spectroscopy">Magnetic resonance spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brain" title=" Brain"> Brain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sLASER" title=" sLASER"> sLASER</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PRESS" title=" PRESS"> PRESS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174086/comparative-study-of-slaser-and-press-techniques-in-magnetic-resonance-spectroscopy-of-normal-brain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174086.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">46</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">435</span> The French, the Yoruba, and the H-Thing: Sharing and Realising Same Phenomenon Differently</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rose-Juliet%20Anyanwu">Rose-Juliet Anyanwu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The principal objective of this paper is to investigate whether some sort of phonological processes, such as elision, aspiration, glottalisation, and hardening can be used to account for the behaviour of the glottal fricative (or approximant, as the case may be) ‘h’ in both French and Yoruba. French and Yoruba speakers generally tend to say, for instance ‘ockey’ and ‘amburger’, instead of ‘hockey’ and ‘hamburger’, respectively. Whereas the Yoruba conversely say, for instance ‘hadd’ for ‘add’, ‘heat’ for ‘eat’ on the one hand and ‘ard’ for ‘hard’, ‘eat’ for ‘heat’ on the other hand, on a similar note, it is not quite clear whether the French, however, if not at least in rare instances, would tend to force themselves to pronounce (in any form whatsoever) the h-sound. Recorded sentences containing h-initial as well as vowel-initial words will be used for the investigation. The present paper is meant to contribute to work on aspiration, compensation, elision, and glottalisation, as well as hardening. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aspiration" title="aspiration">aspiration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compensation" title=" compensation"> compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glottalisation" title=" glottalisation"> glottalisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardening" title=" hardening"> hardening</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101431/the-french-the-yoruba-and-the-h-thing-sharing-and-realising-same-phenomenon-differently" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101431.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">434</span> The National Socialist and Communist Propaganda Activities in the Turkish Press during the World War II</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asuman%20Tezcan%20Mirer">Asuman Tezcan Mirer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This proposed paper discusses nationalist socialist and communist propaganda struggles in the Turkish press during World War II. The paper aspires to analyze how government agencies directed and organized the Turkish press to prevent the "5th column" from influencing public opinion. During the Second World War, one of the most emphasized issues was propaganda and how Turkish citizens would be protected from the effects of disinformation. Istanbul became a significant headquarters for belligerent countries' intelligence services, and these services were involved in gathering intelligence and disseminating propaganda. The main motive of national socialist propaganda was "anti-communism" in Turkey. Subsidizing certain magazines, controlling German companies' advertisements and paper trade, spreading rumors, printing propaganda brochures, and showing German propaganda films are some tactics that the nationalist socialists applied before and during the Second World War. On the other hand, the communists targeted Turkish racist/ultra-nationalist groups and their publications, which were influenced by the Nazi regime. They were also involved in distributing Marxist publications, printing brochures, and broadcasting radio programs. This study composes of three parts. The first part describes the nationalist socialist and communist propaganda activities in Turkey during the Second World War. The second part addresses the debates over propaganda among selected newspapers representing different ideologies. Finally, the last part analyzes the Turkish government's press policy. It explains why the government allowed ideological debates in the press despite its authoritarian press policy and "active neutrality" stance in the international arena. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=propaganda" title="propaganda">propaganda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=press" title=" press"> press</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=5th%20column" title=" 5th column"> 5th column</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=World%20War%20II" title=" World War II"> World War II</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turkey" title=" Turkey"> Turkey</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155267/the-national-socialist-and-communist-propaganda-activities-in-the-turkish-press-during-the-world-war-ii" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155267.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">433</span> Influence of Machine Resistance Training on Selected Strength Variables among Two Categories of Body Composition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Almoslim">Hassan Almoslim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The machine resistance training is an exercise that uses the equipment as loads to strengthen and condition the musculoskeletal system and improving muscle tone. The machine resistance training is easy to use, allow the individual to train with heavier weights without assistance, useful for beginners and elderly populations and specific muscle groups. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of nine weeks of machine resistance training on maximum strength among lean and normal weight male college students. Method: Thirty-six male college students aged between 19 and 21 years from King Fahd University of petroleum & minerals participated in the study. The subjects were divided into two an equal groups called Lean Group (LG, n = 18) and Normal Weight Group (NWG, n = 18). The subjects whose body mass index (BMI) is less than 18.5 kg / m2 is considered lean and who is between 18.5 to 24.9 kg / m2 is normal weight. Both groups performed machine resistance training nine weeks, twice per week for 40 min per training session. The strength measurements, chest press, leg press and abdomen exercises were performed before and after the training period. 1RM test was used to determine the maximum strength of all subjects. The training program consisted of several resistance machines such as leg press, abdomen, chest press, pulldown, seated row, calf raises, leg extension, leg curls and back extension. The data were analyzed using independent t-test (to compare mean differences) and paired t-test. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: No change was (P ˃ 0.05) observed in all body composition variables between groups after training. In chest press, the NWG recorded a significantly greater mean different value than the LG (19.33 ± 7.78 vs. 13.88 ± 5.77 kg, respectively, P ˂ 0.023). In leg press and abdomen exercises, both groups revealed similar mean different values (P ˃ 0.05). When the post-test was compared with the pre-test, the NWG showed significant increases in the chest press by 47% (from 41.16 ± 12.41 to 60.49 ± 11.58 kg, P ˂ 001), abdomen by 34% (from 45.46 ± 6.97 to 61.06 ± 6.45 kg, P ˂ 0.001) and leg press by 23.6% (from 85.27 ± 15.94 to 105.48 ± 21.59 kg, P ˂ 0.001). The LG also illustrated significant increases by 42.6% in the chest press (from 32.58 ± 7.36 to 46.47 ± 8.93 kg, P ˂ 0.001), the abdomen by 28.5% (from 38.50 ± 7.84 to 49.50 ± 7.88 kg, P ˂ 0.001) and the leg press by 30.8% (from 70.2 ± 20.57 to 92.01 ± 22.83 kg, P ˂ 0.001). Conclusion: It was concluded that the lean and the normal weight male college students can benefit from the machine resistance-training program remarkably. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20composition" title="body composition">body composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lean" title=" lean"> lean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20resistance%20training" title=" machine resistance training"> machine resistance training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normal%20weight" title=" normal weight"> normal weight</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41152/influence-of-machine-resistance-training-on-selected-strength-variables-among-two-categories-of-body-composition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41152.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">356</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">432</span> Topology Optimization of Composite Structures with Material Nonlinearity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mengxiao%20Li">Mengxiao Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johnson%20Zhang"> Johnson Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Currently, topology optimization technique is widely used to define the layout design of structures that are presented as truss-like topologies. However, due to the difficulty in combining optimization technique with more realistic material models where their nonlinear properties should be considered, the achieved optimized topologies are commonly unable to apply straight towards the practical design problems. This study presented an optimization procedure of composite structures where different elastic stiffness, yield criteria, and hardening models are assumed for the candidate materials. From the results, it can be concluded that a more explicit modeling has the significant influence on the resulting topologies. Also, the isotropic or kinematic hardening is important for elastoplastic structural optimization design. The capability of the proposed optimization procedure is shown through several cases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=topology%20optimization" title="topology optimization">topology optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=material%20composition" title=" material composition"> material composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20%20modeling" title=" nonlinear modeling"> nonlinear modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardening%20rules" title=" hardening rules"> hardening rules</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63520/topology-optimization-of-composite-structures-with-material-nonlinearity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63520.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">482</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">431</span> A Crystal Plasticity Approach to Model Dynamic Strain Aging</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Burak%20Bal">Burak Bal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demircan%20Canadinc"> Demircan Canadinc</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dynamic strain aging (DSA), resulting from the reorientation of C-Mn clusters in the core of dislocations, can provide a strain hardening mechanism. In addition, in Hadfield steel, negative strain rate sensitivity is observed due to the DSA. In our study, we incorporated dynamic strain aging onto crystal plasticity computations to predict the local instabilities and corresponding negative strain rate sensitivity. Specifically, the material response of Hadfield steel was obtained from monotonic and strain-rate jump experiments under tensile loading. The strain rate range was adjusted from 10⁻⁴ to 10⁻¹s ⁻¹. The crystal plasticity modeling of the material response was carried out based on Voce-type hardening law and corresponding Voce hardening parameters were determined. The solute pinning effect of carbon atom was incorporated to crystal plasticity simulations at microscale level by computing the shear stress contribution imposed on an arrested dislocation by carbon atom. After crystal plasticity simulations with modifying hardening rule, which takes into account the contribution of DSA, it was seen that the model successfully predicts both the role of DSA and corresponding strain rate sensitivity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crystal%20plasticity" title="crystal plasticity">crystal plasticity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20strain%20aging" title=" dynamic strain aging"> dynamic strain aging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadfield%20steel" title=" Hadfield steel"> Hadfield steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=negative%20strain%20rate%20sensitivity" title=" negative strain rate sensitivity"> negative strain rate sensitivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76918/a-crystal-plasticity-approach-to-model-dynamic-strain-aging" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76918.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">260</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">430</span> The Representations of Protesters in the UK National Daily Press: Pro- And Anti- Brexit Demonstrations 2016-2019</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charlotte-Rose%20Kennedy">Charlotte-Rose Kennedy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In a political climate divided by Brexit, it is crucial to be critical of the press, as it is the apparatus which political authorities use to impose their laws and shape public opinion. Although large protests have the power to shake and disrupt policy-making by making it difficult for governments to ignore their goals, the British press historically constructs protesters as delegitimate, deviant, and criminal, which could limit protests’ credibility and democratic power. This paper explores how the remain supporting daily UK press (The Mirror, Financial Times, The Independent, The Guardian) and the leave supporting daily UK press (The Daily Mail, The Daily Star, The Sun, The Express, The Telegraph) discursively constructed every pro- and anti-Brexit demonstration from 2016 to 2019. 702 instances of the terms ‘protester’, ‘protesters’, ‘protestor’ and ‘protestors’ were analyzed through both transitivity analysis and critical discourse analysis. This mixed-methods approach allowed for the analysis of how the UK press perpetuated and upheld social ideologies about protests through their specific grammatical and language choices. The results of this analysis found that both remain and leave supporting press utilized the same discourses to report on protests they oppose and protests they support. For example, the remain backing The Mirror used water metaphors regularly associated with influxes of refugees and asylum seekers to support the protesters on the remain protest ‘Final Say’, and oppose the protesters on the leave protest ‘March to Leave’. Discourses of war, violence, and victimhood are also taken on by both sides of the press Brexit debate and are again used to support and oppose the same arguments. Finally, the paper concludes that these analogous discourses do nothing to help the already marginalized social positions of protesters in the UK and could potentially lead to reduced public support for demonstrations. This could, in turn, facilitate the government in introducing increasingly restrictive legislation in relation to freedom of assembly rights, which could be detrimental to British democracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brexit" title="Brexit">Brexit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20discourse%20analysis" title=" critical discourse analysis"> critical discourse analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protests" title=" protests"> protests</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transitivity%20analysis" title=" transitivity analysis"> transitivity analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UK%20press" title=" UK press"> UK press</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131346/the-representations-of-protesters-in-the-uk-national-daily-press-pro-and-anti-brexit-demonstrations-2016-2019" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131346.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">429</span> Minimization of the Abrasion Effect of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix on Stainless Steel Injection Nozzle through the Application of Laser Hardening Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amessalu%20Atenafu%20Gelaw">Amessalu Atenafu Gelaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nele%20Rath"> Nele Rath</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Currently, laser hardening process is becoming among the most efficient and effective hardening technique due to its significant advantages. The source where heat is generated, the absence of cooling media, self-quenching property, less distortion nature due to localized heat input, environmental friendly behavior and less time to finish the operation are among the main benefits to adopt this technology. This day, a variety of injection machines are used in plastic, textile, electrical and mechanical industries. Due to the fast growing of composite technology, fiber reinforced polymer matrix becoming optional solution to use in these industries. Due, to the abrasion nature of fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite on the injection components, many parts are outdated before the design period. Niko, a company specialized in injection molded products, suffers from the short lifetime of the injection nozzles of the molds, due to the use of fiber reinforced and, therefore, more abrasive polymer matrix. To prolong the lifetime of these molds, hardening the susceptible component like the injecting nozzles was a must. In this paper, the laser hardening process is investigated on Unimax, a type of stainless steel. The investigation to get optimal results for the nozzle-case was performed in three steps. First, the optimal parameters for maximum possible hardenability for the investigated nozzle material is investigated on a flat sample, using experimental testing as well as thermal simulation. Next, the effect of an inclination on the maximum temperature is analyzed both by experimental testing and validation through simulation. Finally, the data combined and applied for the nozzle. This paper describes possible strategies and methods for laser hardening of the nozzle to reach hardness of at least 720 HV for the material investigated. It has been proven, that the nozzle can be laser hardened to over 900 HV with the option of even higher results when more precise positioning of the laser can be assured. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=absorptivity" title="absorptivity">absorptivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20reinforced%20matrix" title=" fiber reinforced matrix"> fiber reinforced matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20hardening" title=" laser hardening"> laser hardening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nd%3AYAG%20laser" title=" Nd:YAG laser"> Nd:YAG laser</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96315/minimization-of-the-abrasion-effect-of-fiber-reinforced-polymer-matrix-on-stainless-steel-injection-nozzle-through-the-application-of-laser-hardening-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96315.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=press%20hardening&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=press%20hardening&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=press%20hardening&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=press%20hardening&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a 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