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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Hasi saioa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Izena eman gabeko erabiltzaileentzako orrialdeak <a href="/wiki/Laguntza:Sarrera" aria-label="Artikuluak aldatzeari buruz gehiago ikasi"><span>gehiago ikasi</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:NireEkarpenak" title="IP helbide honetatik egindako aldaketen zerrenda [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Ekarpenak</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:NireEztabaida" title="Zure IParen eztabaida [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Eztabaida</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Gunea"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Edukiak" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Edukiak</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">⇑ Gora</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Bizitza" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bizitza"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Bizitza</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bizitza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pentsamendua" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pentsamendua"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Pentsamendua</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pentsamendua-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lanak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lanak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Lanak</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Lanak-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Erakutsi/ezkutatu Lanak azpiatal</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Lanak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lan_filosofikoak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lan_filosofikoak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Lan filosofikoak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lan_filosofikoak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatura_lanak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatura_lanak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Literatura lanak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatura_lanak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Erreferentziak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erreferentziak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Erreferentziak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Erreferentziak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kanpo_loturak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kanpo_loturak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Kanpo loturak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kanpo_loturak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Edukiak" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Seneka</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Joan beste hizkuntza batean idatzitako artikulu batera. 95 hizkuntzatan eskuragarri." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-95" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">95 hizkuntza</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucius_Annaeus_Seneca" title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca – afrikaansa" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaansa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca" title="Seneca – Suitzako alemana" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Seneca" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Suitzako alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B4%E1%8A%94%E1%8A%AB" title="ሴኔካ – amharera" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሴኔካ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucio_Anneu_Seneca" title="Lucio Anneu Seneca – aragoiera" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Lucio Anneu Seneca" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7" title="لوكيوس سينيكا – arabiera" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لوكيوس سينيكا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="سينيكا الصغير – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="سينيكا الصغير" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7" title="لوكيوس سينيكا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لوكيوس سينيكا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9neca" title="Séneca – asturiera" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Séneca" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lusi_Anney_Seneka" title="Lusi Anney Seneka – azerbaijanera" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Lusi Anney Seneka" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijanera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Луций Анней Сенека – baxkirera" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Луций Анней Сенека" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baxkirera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Сенека – bielorrusiera" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сенека" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Луций Аней Сенека – bulgariera" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Луций Аней Сенека" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca_ar_Yaouanka%C3%B1" title="Seneca ar Yaouankañ – bretoiera" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Seneca ar Yaouankañ" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneka" title="Seneka – bosniera" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Seneka" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A8neca" title="Sèneca – katalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sèneca" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%95%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="سەنیکا – erdialdeko kurduera" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سەنیکا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="erdialdeko kurduera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca" title="Seneca – txekiera" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Seneca" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txekiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Луций Анней Сенека – txuvaxera" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Луций Анней Сенека" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="txuvaxera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca%27r_Ieuaf" title="Seneca'r Ieuaf – galesa" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Seneca'r Ieuaf" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucius_Annaeus_Seneca" title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca – daniera" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca" title="Seneca – alemana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Seneca" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca" title="Seneca – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Seneca" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%AD%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%BF_%CE%9D%CE%B5%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Σενέκας ο Νεότερος – greziera" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σενέκας ο Νεότερος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca_the_Younger" title="Seneca the Younger – ingelesa" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Seneca the Younger" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ingelesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneko_la_Juna" title="Seneko la Juna – esperantoa" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Seneko la Juna" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperantoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9neca" title="Séneca – gaztelania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Séneca" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="gaztelania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca" title="Seneca – estoniera" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Seneca" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9neca" title="Séneca – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Séneca" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سنکای جوان – persiera" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سنکای جوان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca_nuorempi" title="Seneca nuorempi – finlandiera" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Seneca nuorempi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucius_Annaeus_Seneca" title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca – faroera" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="faroera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9n%C3%A8que" title="Sénèque – frantsesa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sénèque" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="frantsesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A8n%C3%A8ca" title="Sènèca – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Sènèca" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneche" title="Seneche – friulera" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Seneche" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneka_de_Jongere" title="Seneka de Jongere – mendebaldeko frisiera" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Seneka de Jongere" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="mendebaldeko frisiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca" title="Seneca – irlandera" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Seneca" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca_%C3%92g" title="Seneca Òg – Eskoziako gaelikoa" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Seneca Òg" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Eskoziako gaelikoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9neca" title="Séneca – galiziera" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Séneca" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9neka_pe_Karia%27y" title="Séneka pe Karia'y – guaraniera" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Séneka pe Karia'y" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%A0%D7%A7%D7%94" title="סנקה – hebreera" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סנקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE" title="सेनेका – hindia" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सेनेका" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneka_Mla%C4%91i" title="Seneka Mlađi – kroaziera" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Seneka Mlađi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucius_Annaeus_Seneca" title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca – hungariera" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD_%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD_%D5%8D%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%AF%D5%A1" title="Լուցիուս Աննեուս Սենեկա – armeniera" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լուցիուս Աննեուս Սենեկա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucius_Annaeus_Seneca" title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca_Muda" title="Seneca Muda – indonesiera" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Seneca Muda" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucius_Annaeus_Seneca" title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca – idoa" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="idoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucius_Annaeus_Seneca" title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca – islandiera" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucio_Anneo_Seneca" title="Lucio Anneo Seneca – italiera" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lucio Anneo Seneca" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AD%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%8A%E3%82%A8%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%82%BB%E3%83%8D%E3%82%AB" title="ルキウス・アンナエウス・セネカ – japoniera" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルキウス・アンナエウス・セネカ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ლუციუს ანეუს სენეკა – georgiera" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლუციუს ანეუს სენეკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Сенека – kazakhera" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сенека" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakhera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%ED%82%A4%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4_%EC%95%88%EB%82%98%EC%9D%B4%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4_%EC%84%B8%EB%84%A4%EC%B9%B4" title="루키우스 안나이우스 세네카 – koreera" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="루키우스 안나이우스 세네카" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca" title="Seneca – kurduera" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Seneca" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurduera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu onak"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9,_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Луций, Анней Сенека – kirgizera" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Луций, Анней Сенека" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucius_Annaeus_Seneca_minor" title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca minor – latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca minor" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca" title="Seneca – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Seneca" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneka" title="Seneka – lituaniera" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Seneka" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneka_Jaun%C4%81kais" title="Seneka Jaunākais – letoniera" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Seneka Jaunākais" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneka_Zandriny" title="Seneka Zandriny – malgaxea" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Seneka Zandriny" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaxea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Сенека Помладиот – mazedoniera" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Сенека Помладиот" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="mazedoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95" title="സെനക്ക – malabarera" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സെനക്ക" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malabarera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A5%B2%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE" title="लुसियस ॲनेयस सेनेका – marathera" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="लुसियस ॲनेयस सेनेका" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Сенека – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Сенека" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca_yang_Muda" title="Seneca yang Muda – malaysiera" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Seneca yang Muda" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaysiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="سنکا – mazandarandera" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="سنکا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucius_Annaeus_Seneca" title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca – nederlandera" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca_den_yngre" title="Seneca den yngre – bokmål (norvegiera)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Seneca den yngre" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sen%C3%A8ca_lo_Jove" title="Senèca lo Jove – okzitaniera" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Senèca lo Jove" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okzitaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9B%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE" title="ਛੋਟਾ ਸੇਨੇਕਾ – punjabera" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਛੋਟਾ ਸੇਨੇਕਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneka_M%C5%82odszy" title="Seneka Młodszy – poloniera" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Seneka Młodszy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9neca" title="Séneca – portugesa" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Séneca" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca" title="Seneca – errumaniera" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Seneca" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="errumaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Луций Анней Сенека – errusiera" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Луций Анней Сенека" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="errusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luciu_Anneu_S%C3%A8neca" title="Luciu Anneu Sèneca – siziliera" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Luciu Anneu Sèneca" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siziliera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneka" title="Seneka – serbokroaziera" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Seneka" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca_the_Younger" title="Seneca the Younger – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Seneca the Younger" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucius_Annaeus_Seneca" title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca – eslovakiera" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovakiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucij_Anej_Seneka" title="Lucij Anej Seneka – esloveniera" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Lucij Anej Seneka" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucius_Annaeus_Seneca" title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca – albaniera" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Сенека – serbiera" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сенека" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca_den_yngre" title="Seneca den yngre – suediera" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Seneca den yngre" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suediera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="செனீக்கா இளையவர் – tamilera" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="செனீக்கா இளையவர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%81" title="แซแนกาผู้ลูก – thailandiera" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แซแนกาผู้ลูก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucius_Annaeus_Seneca" title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca – turkiera" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Lucius Annaeus Seneca" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B9_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Луцій Анней Сенека – ukrainera" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Луцій Анней Сенека" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="سینیکا – urdua" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سینیکا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneka_Lutsiy_Anney" title="Seneka Lutsiy Anney – uzbekera" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Seneka Lutsiy Anney" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca" title="Seneca – vietnamera" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Seneca" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca" title="Seneca – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Seneca" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca_nga_Burubata" title="Seneca nga Burubata – warayera" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Seneca nga Burubata" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="warayera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B6" title="塞内家 – wu txinera" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="塞内家" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%85%A7%E5%8D%A1" title="塞內卡 – txinera" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="塞內卡" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%85%A7%E5%8A%A0" title="塞內加 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="塞內加" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%85%A7%E5%8D%A1" title="塞內卡 – kantonera" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="塞內卡" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2054#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Aldatu hizkuntzen arteko loturak" class="wbc-editpage">Aldatu loturak</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Izen-tarteak"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Seneka" title="Eduki orrialdea ikusi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikulua</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eztabaida:Seneka&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Artikuluari buruzko eztabaida (sortu gabe) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Eztabaida</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aldatu hizkuntza aldaera" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">euskara</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Ikusketak"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Seneka"><span>Irakurri</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&veaction=edit" title="Orri hau aldatu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Aldatu</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&action=edit" title="Idatzi orri honen iturburu kodea [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&action=history" title="Artikulu honen aurreko bertsioak. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Ikusi historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tresnak" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tresnak</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tresnak</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ekintzak </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Seneka"><span>Irakurri</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&veaction=edit" title="Orri hau aldatu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Aldatu</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&action=edit" title="Idatzi orri honen iturburu kodea [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&action=history"><span>Ikusi historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Orokorra </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:ZerkLotzenDuHona/Seneka" title="Orri honetaranzko esteka duten wiki orri guztien zerrenda [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Honanzko esteka duten orriak</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:RecentChangesLinked/Seneka" rel="nofollow" title="Orri honetatik esteka duten orrietako azken aldaketak [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Lotutako orrietako aldaketak</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=eu" title="Irudiak edo media fitxategiak igo [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Fitxategia igo</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:OrrialdeBereziak" title="Orri berezi guztien zerrenda [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Orri bereziak</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&oldid=9678401" title="Orriaren bertsio honetaranzko esteka iraunkorra"><span>Lotura iraunkorra</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&action=info" title="Orrialde honi buruzko informazio gehiago"><span>Orri honen datuak</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:CiteThisPage&page=Seneka&id=9678401&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Orri honen aipua egiteko moduari buruzko informazioa"><span>Artikulu hau aipatu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Feu.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSeneka"><span>URL laburra lortu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Feu.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSeneka"><span>QR kodea jaitsi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Inprimatu/esportatu </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Seneka"><span>Liburu bat sortu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:DownloadAsPdf&page=Seneka&action=show-download-screen"><span>Deskargatu PDF formatuan</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&printable=yes" title="Orrialde honen bertsio inprimagarria [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Inprimatzeko bertsioa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Beste proiektuetan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Lucius_Annaeus_Seneca" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikiquote.org/wiki/Seneka" hreflang="eu"><span>Wikiesanak</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2054" title="Datuen biltegi elementu batera lotuta [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata itema</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Itxura"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Itxura</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Wikipedia, Entziklopedia askea</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eu" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="hd" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background-color: lightsteelblue">Seneka</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Duble_herma_of_Socrates_and_Seneca_Antikensammlung_Berlin_07.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Duble_herma_of_Socrates_and_Seneca_Antikensammlung_Berlin_07.jpg/260px-Duble_herma_of_Socrates_and_Seneca_Antikensammlung_Berlin_07.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="321" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Duble_herma_of_Socrates_and_Seneca_Antikensammlung_Berlin_07.jpg/390px-Duble_herma_of_Socrates_and_Seneca_Antikensammlung_Berlin_07.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Duble_herma_of_Socrates_and_Seneca_Antikensammlung_Berlin_07.jpg/520px-Duble_herma_of_Socrates_and_Seneca_Antikensammlung_Berlin_07.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1790" data-file-height="2208" /></a></span><br /><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lucius_Annaeus_Seneca" title="c:Category:Lucius Annaeus Seneca"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/10px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lucius_Annaeus_Seneca" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Lucius Annaeus Seneca">Irudi gehiago</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><table class="infotaula" align="right" cellspacing="5" style="margin-width: 0; width:100%; text-align:left; line-height:1.5em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; background-color: lightsteelblue;"> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q20056508" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q20056508">Antzinako Erromako senataria</a></th></tr></tbody></table> <br /></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: lightsteelblue">Bizitza</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Jaiotza</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corduba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Corduba (sortu gabe)">Corduba</a>, <a href="/wiki/K.a._4" title="K.a. 4">K.a. 4</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Herrialdea</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Spqrstone.jpg/22px-Spqrstone.jpg" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Spqrstone.jpg/33px-Spqrstone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Spqrstone.jpg/44px-Spqrstone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="521" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Antzinako_Erroma" title="Antzinako Erroma">Antzinako Erroma</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Bizilekua</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corsica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Corsica (sortu gabe)">Corsica</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22011067?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Erroma" title="Erroma">Erroma</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Heriotza</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Erroma" title="Erroma">Erroma</a>, <a href="/wiki/65" title="65">65eko</a> <a href="/wiki/Apirilaren_12" title="Apirilaren 12">apirilaren 12a</a> (59/68 urte)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Heriotza modua</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Derrigortutako_suizidioa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Derrigortutako suizidioa (sortu gabe)">derrigortutako suizidioa</a>: <a href="/wiki/Odoluste" title="Odoluste">odolustea</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: lightsteelblue">Familia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Aita</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka_Zaharra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seneka Zaharra (sortu gabe)">Seneka Zaharra</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Ama</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helvia_Antonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helvia Antonia (sortu gabe)">Helvia Antonia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Ezkontidea(k)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pompeia_Paulina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pompeia Paulina (sortu gabe)">Pompeia Paulina</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q459183?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Haurrideak</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border: none; padding: 0;"> <div class="NavHead" style="font-size: 105%; background: transparent; text-align: left;">ikusi</div> <ul class="NavContent" style="list-style: none none; margin-left: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 105%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucius_Junius_Gallio_Annaeanus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lucius Junius Gallio Annaeanus (sortu gabe)">Lucius Junius Gallio Annaeanus</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q452194?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcus_Annaeus_Mela&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcus Annaeus Mela (sortu gabe)">Marcus Annaeus Mela</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19715687?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Familia</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border: none; padding: 0;"> <div class="NavHead" style="font-size: 105%; background: transparent; text-align: left;">ikusi</div> <ul class="NavContent" style="list-style: none none; margin-left: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 105%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Lukano_(poeta)" title="Lukano (poeta)">Lukano</a> (<small><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q15224724" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q15224724">iloba</a></small>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: lightsteelblue">Hezkuntza</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Hizkuntzak</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">latina</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Greziera" title="Greziera">greziera</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Irakaslea(k)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sotion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sotion (sortu gabe)">Sotion</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486945?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papirius_Fabianus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Papirius Fabianus (sortu gabe)">Papirius Fabianus</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897523?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: lightsteelblue">Jarduerak</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Jarduerak</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dramagile" title="Dramagile">antzerkigilea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poeta" title="Poeta">poeta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Filosofo" title="Filosofo">filosofoa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aforista&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aforista (sortu gabe)">aforista</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Estatu-politikari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estatu-politikari (sortu gabe)">estatu-politikaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Politikari" title="Politikari">politikaria</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Idazle" title="Idazle">idazlea</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Lantokia(k)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Erroma" title="Erroma">Erroma</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Lan nabarmenak</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border: none; padding: 0;"> <div class="NavHead" style="font-size: 105%; background: transparent; text-align: left;">ikusi</div> <ul class="NavContent" style="list-style: none none; margin-left: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 105%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=De_Vita_Beata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De Vita Beata (sortu gabe)">De Vita Beata</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1180753?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Epistulae_Morales_ad_Lucilium" title="Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium">Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=De_ira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De ira (sortu gabe)">De ira</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3704115?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=De_Brevitate_Vitae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De Brevitate Vitae (sortu gabe)">De Brevitate Vitae</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1180596?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Influentziak</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Publilio_Siro" title="Publilio Siro">Publio Siro</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Attalus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Attalus (sortu gabe)">Attalus</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q780789?uselang=eu"><img alt="Itzuli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> eta <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Mugimendua</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Estoizismo" title="Estoizismo">Estoizismoa</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=345&url_prefix=https://www.imdb.com/&id=nm0784172" title="IMDB: nm0784172"><img alt="IMDB: nm0784172" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/IMDb_Logo_Square.svg/20px-IMDb_Logo_Square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/IMDb_Logo_Square.svg/30px-IMDb_Logo_Square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/IMDb_Logo_Square.svg/40px-IMDb_Logo_Square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/d787fd08-ece5-4b64-8670-7208765601e1" title="Musicbrainz: d787fd08-ece5-4b64-8670-7208765601e1" rel="nofollow"><img alt="Musicbrainz: d787fd08-ece5-4b64-8670-7208765601e1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/MusicBrainz_Logo_%282016%29.svg/19px-MusicBrainz_Logo_%282016%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/MusicBrainz_Logo_%282016%29.svg/29px-MusicBrainz_Logo_%282016%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/MusicBrainz_Logo_%282016%29.svg/39px-MusicBrainz_Logo_%282016%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="127" data-file-height="144" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.discogs.com/artist/3009934" title="Discogs: 3009934" rel="nofollow"><img alt="Discogs: 3009934" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Discogs_record_icon.svg/20px-Discogs_record_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Discogs_record_icon.svg/30px-Discogs_record_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Discogs_record_icon.svg/40px-Discogs_record_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2054?uselang=eu#identifiers" title="Edit the value on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit the value on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Luzio Anneo Seneka</b> (<a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">latinez</a>: <span lang="la"><i>Lucius Annæus Seneca</i></span>) halaber <b>Seneka Gaztea</b> edo, besterik gabe, <b>Seneka</b> deiturikoa (<a href="/wiki/Kordoba" title="Kordoba">Kordoba</a>, c. <a href="/wiki/K.a._4" title="K.a. 4">K.a. 4</a>- <a href="/wiki/Erroma" title="Erroma">Erroma</a>, <a href="/wiki/65" title="65">65</a>), batik bat <a href="/wiki/Moral" title="Moral">moralari</a> buruz aritu zen <a href="/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia">filosofo</a> <a href="/wiki/Estoizismo" title="Estoizismo">estoiko</a> nabarmen bat izan zen. <a href="/wiki/Erromatar_Inperioa" title="Erromatar Inperioa">Erromatar Inperioko</a> <a href="/wiki/Politika" title="Politika">politika</a> pertsonaia garrantzitsua ere izan zen. Bere idazkiei esker, mendeetan barrena estoizismoaren pentsaera ulertzeko ezinbesteko erreferentzia izan da. Bizitza politiko arrakastatsu eta azkenean dramatikoa ere izan zuen: <a href="/wiki/Neron" title="Neron">Neron</a> enperadorearen maisu eta aholkulari, <a href="/wiki/Neron" title="Neron">Neron</a> beraren aurkako konspirazio batean nahasturik, <a href="/wiki/Heriotza_zigor" title="Heriotza zigor">heriotza-zigorra</a> ezarri zitzaion, baina bete baino lehen bere buruaz beste egin zuen. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bizitza">Bizitza</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Bizitza»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Bizitza"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Betika" title="Betika">Betika</a> <a href="/wiki/Erromatar_Inperioko_probintziak" title="Erromatar Inperioko probintziak">erromatar probintziako</a> Corduban, egungo <a href="/wiki/Kordoba" title="Kordoba">Kordoban</a>, jaio zen K.a. 4. urtearen inguruan <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Italia iparreko familia batekoa zen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marko_Anneo_Seneka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marko Anneo Seneka (sortu gabe)">Marko Anneo Seneka</a> edo <i>Seneka Zaharra</i> erretoriko edo hizlari ospetsuak eta Kordobako bertakoa zen familia erromanizatu batekoa zen Helvia bere amak izan zituzten hiru semeetatik bigarrena izan zen: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Luzio_Anneo_Novato&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luzio Anneo Novato (sortu gabe)">Luzio Anneo Novato</a> bere anaia zaharrena <a href="/w/index.php?title=Galion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galion (sortu gabe)">Galion</a> <a href="/wiki/Prokontsul" title="Prokontsul">prokontsul</a> izango zen eta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anneo_Mela&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anneo Mela (sortu gabe)">Anneo Mela</a> anaia txikiena <a href="/wiki/Lukano" class="mw-redirect" title="Lukano">Lukano</a> poetaren aita izan zen. Txikitan, K.o. 5. urterako, <a href="/wiki/Antzinako_Erroma" title="Antzinako Erroma">Erroman</a> zegoen jada. Marzia bere izebak eraman zuen bertara, Senekaren beraren hitzetan <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, eta bere zaintzapean igaro zuen haurtzaroa. <i>Grammaticus</i> edo oinarrizko gaietarako irakasle baten eskuetan jarri zuten baina horrez gain maila altuko heziketa ere jaso zuen. Horrela, erretorika eta filosofia ikasi zituen, baina filosofiarako joera handiagoa erakutsi zuen txikitatik. Horrela, <i>Sextii</i> filosofia eskola <a href="/wiki/Estoizismo" title="Estoizismo">estoiko</a>-<a href="/wiki/Eskola_pitagorikoa" title="Eskola pitagorikoa">pitagoriko</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ziniko" class="mw-redirect" title="Ziniko">zinikora</a> bildu eta bertan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabiano_Papirio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fabiano Papirio (sortu gabe)">Fabiano Papirio</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sozion_Alexandriakoa_(Gaztea)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sozion Alexandriakoa (Gaztea) (sortu gabe)">Sozion</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Atalo" title="Atalo">Atalo</a> filosofoen ikasbideak arretaz eta gogoz hartu zituen. Irakasle hauek erakusten zuten bizimodua ere jarraitu zuen: begetariano izan zen (urtebetera utzi behar izan bazuen ere), ohe gogorretan lo egin eta bainu hotzak hartu zituen bolada batez. Txikitatik sarri gaixorik, bere izebak zaintzen zuen askotan eta Galerio bere senarra urtetan <a href="/wiki/Egipto" title="Egipto">Egiptoko</a> prefektua izan zela baliatuz, beraiekin batera egon zen <a href="/wiki/Alexandria" title="Alexandria">Alexandrian</a> osasuna hobetzearren, <a href="/wiki/25" title="25">25</a>. urtetik <a href="/wiki/31" title="31">31</a>. urtera arte seguru asko. Prefektuaren giroan denetariko pertsonaia nabarmenak ezagutu zituen eta horrela egiptoar pentsaerarekin interesatu zen. Garai hartan Alexandria juduak, grekoak eta betiko egiptoarrak biltzen zituen hiria zela kontuan hartu behar da. <i>Egiptoko geografia eta erlijio errituak</i> izeneko liburu bat ere idatzi zuen bertan, egun galdurik dagoena <sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Alexandriatik abiatuz, Goi Egiptoraino bidaiak ere egin zituela egiaztatu da. </p><p>Galerio Erromara deitua izan zen eta Senekak ere bere osaba-izebekin joan behar izan zuen. Erromarako itzuliko bidaian ekaitz batek harrapatu zuen ontzia eta bertan hil zen Galerio. Ordurako osasun onez eta eragin politikoa atxikitzen zuen izena Martziaren babespean betiere, <i><a href="/wiki/Cursus_honorum" title="Cursus honorum">cursus honorum</a></i> edo karrera politikoa jarraitu zuen eta horrela 33-35? urteetan <a href="/wiki/Kuestore_(Antzinako_Erroma)" title="Kuestore (Antzinako Erroma)">kuestore</a> izan zen, <a href="/wiki/Tiberio" title="Tiberio">Tiberio</a> enperadorearen konfiantzapean. Garai horretan lehenengo aldiz ezkondu eta Marko Anneo semea izan zuen. <i>De lapidum natura</i> (Harrien izaeraren gainean), <i>De piscium natura</i> (Arrainen izaeraren gainean) eta <i>De motu terrarum</i> (Lurrikaren gainean) liburuak idatzen ditu urte hauetan, egun galdurik badaude ere. <a href="/wiki/Kaligula" title="Kaligula">Kaligularen</a> agintepean bere karrera politikoa jarraitu zuen, kuestore eta pretore bitarteko magistratua izan zen. <a href="/wiki/Kaligula" title="Kaligula">Kaligularen</a> arrebak ziren <a href="/w/index.php?title=Julia_Livila&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Julia Livila (sortu gabe)">Julia Livila</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Agripina" class="mw-disambig" title="Agripina">Agripinaren</a> babesa izan zuen hasieran baina <a href="/wiki/Kaligula" title="Kaligula">Kaligulak</a> bere arrebak erbesteratu zituenean, kolokan jarri bide zen bere egoera. Zalantzazko sinesgarritasuna duen anekdota batean, <a href="/wiki/Kaligula" title="Kaligula">Kaligulak</a> Seneka hiltzeko agindua eman zuen bekaizkeriaz Senekaren hitzaldi arrakastatsua entzun ondoren, baina Seneka gaixorik zegoela eta laster berez hilko zela argudiatuz emakume ezezagun batek salbatu omen zuen <sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. <a href="/wiki/Kaligula" title="Kaligula">Kaligula</a> eraila izan ondoren eta <a href="/wiki/Klaudio" title="Klaudio">Klaudioren</a> agintepean, <a href="/wiki/Kaligula" title="Kaligula">Kaligulak</a> erbesteratutako <a href="/w/index.php?title=Julia_Livila&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Julia Livila (sortu gabe)">Julia Livila</a> itzuli zen Erromara. Seneka pertsonaia ospetsua zen garai hartan. <a href="/wiki/Klaudio" title="Klaudio">Klaudio</a> bereganatzeko ahaleginetan, <a href="/wiki/Mesalina" title="Mesalina">Mesalina</a> bere emaztea eta Julia Livila bere iloba aritu ziren azpikeriatan. Horrela, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Julia_Livila&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Julia Livila (sortu gabe)">Julia Livila</a> eta Senekaren aurkako <a href="/wiki/Adulterio" title="Adulterio">adulterio</a> salaketa plazaratu zen. Horregatik Julia Livila erail eta Seneka <a href="/wiki/Korsika" title="Korsika">Korsikara</a> herbesteratu zuten <a href="/wiki/41" title="41">41</a>. urtean. Korsikan naturari buruz ikertu eta arimari buruz pentsatzeko askatasuna eta lasaitasuna aurkitu zituen. Hausnarketa horien emaitza omen da egun galdurik dagoen <i>Munduaren eiteari buruz</i> izeneko idazkia. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ad_Helviam_matrem_de_consolatione&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ad Helviam matrem de consolatione (sortu gabe)">Ad Helviam matrem de consolatione</a></i> eta <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ad_Polybium_de_consolatione&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ad Polybium de consolatione (sortu gabe)">Ad Polybium de consolatione</a></i> gutun-entseguak bertan idatzi zituen <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Neroandseneca.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Neroandseneca.jpg/200px-Neroandseneca.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Neroandseneca.jpg/300px-Neroandseneca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Neroandseneca.jpg/400px-Neroandseneca.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><b>Seneka</b> eta <a href="/wiki/Neron" title="Neron">Neron</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eduardo_Barr%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eduardo Barrón (sortu gabe)">Eduardo Barrónen</a> eskultura batean (<a href="/wiki/Kordoba" title="Kordoba">Kordoba</a>)</figcaption></figure><p><a href="/wiki/Mesalina" title="Mesalina">Mesalina</a> erail eta gero, Klaudio <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agripina_gaztea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agripina gaztea (sortu gabe)">Agripina gaztearekin</a> ezkondu zenean itzuli zen Seneka Erromara eta berari esker lortu zuen <a href="/wiki/Pretore" title="Pretore">pretore</a> kargua <a href="/wiki/50" title="50">50</a>. urtean. Domizio Agripinaren semea (gerora <a href="/wiki/Neron" title="Neron">Neron</a> izango zena) hezteko ardura eman zion Agripinak berak Senekari, <i>praeceptor</i> gisa, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Britaniko_Klaudio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Britaniko Klaudio (sortu gabe)">Britaniko Klaudioren</a> semea baztertzeko ahaleginetan<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Garai horretan hil arte bere bigarren emaztea izango zen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pompeia_Paulina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pompeia Paulina (sortu gabe)">Pompeia Paulinarekin</a> ezkondu zen. <a href="/wiki/54" title="54">54</a>. urtean Agripinaren aginduz <a href="/wiki/Klaudio" title="Klaudio">Klaudio</a> pozoitua erail zutenean, <a href="/wiki/Neron" title="Neron">Neron</a> enperadore berriak eman behar zuen hildakoaren alabantza hitzaldia Senekak idatzi zuen, baina aldi berean Klaudiori iseka egiten zion idazki bat ere plazaratu zuen: <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apocolocyntosis_divi_Claudii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apocolocyntosis divi Claudii (sortu gabe)">Apocolocyntosis divi Claudii</a></i> izenburuko <a href="/wiki/Satira" title="Satira">satira</a> <sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Agripinak Seneka erabili bazuen ere, Senekak ere bere interesei begiratzen zien konspirazio hauetan: <a href="/wiki/Neron" title="Neron">Neroni</a> esker asko aberastu zen eta bere ideia politikoak errealitate bihurtzen ari ziren <sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Kontuan hartu behar da Seneka errepublikazalea zela eta ez zuela begi onez ikusten aurreko enperadorearen eta ingurukoen neurrigabeko boterea. <a href="/wiki/Erromako_kontsul" title="Erromako kontsul">Kontsul</a> izendatu zuten <a href="/wiki/56" title="56">56</a>. urtean<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. <a href="/wiki/58" title="58">58</a>. urtean <a href="/wiki/Neron" title="Neron">Neron</a> eta bere aholkulariak zen Seneka eta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sexto_Afranio_Burro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sexto Afranio Burro (sortu gabe)">Sexto Afranio Burro</a> pretore prefektua <a href="/wiki/Agripina_Gaztea" title="Agripina Gaztea">Agripinarengandik</a> urrunduak ziren, Agripina Neron bere semearen aurka jartzen hasia baitzen bere maitaleak eta ezkontza asmoak zirela-eta. <a href="/wiki/Neron" title="Neron">Neroni</a> Agripina erailtzeko aholkua eman zion Senekak azkenik: Agripina <a href="/wiki/59" title="59">59</a>. urteko martxoan eraila izan zen <sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Senekak gutun bat idatzi zion <a href="/wiki/Senatu_erromatarra" class="mw-redirect" title="Senatu erromatarra">Senatuari</a> Neron defendatuz eta Agripinaren hilketa justifikatuz. </p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:La_mort_de_seneque.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/La_mort_de_seneque.jpg/220px-La_mort_de_seneque.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/La_mort_de_seneque.jpg/330px-La_mort_de_seneque.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/La_mort_de_seneque.jpg/440px-La_mort_de_seneque.jpg 2x" data-file-width="539" data-file-height="437" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Luca_Giordano" title="Luca Giordano">Luca Giordanoren</a> <i>Senekaren heriotza</i> (1684)</figcaption></figure> <p>Ondoren, <a href="/wiki/Neron" title="Neron">Neronen</a> neurrigabeko boterea eta despotismoa ikusirik, politika alde batera uzten hasi zen Seneka, bere aurkako kritikak areagotu ahala. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sexto_Afranio_Burro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sexto Afranio Burro (sortu gabe)">Sexto Afranio Burro</a> bere lagunaren heriotza izango zen bizitza publikoa erabat uzteko erabakia hartzera bultzatu zuena <a href="/wiki/62" title="62">62</a>. urtean. Hala eskatu zion <a href="/wiki/Neron" title="Neron">Neroni</a>, bere ondasun guztiak eskaintzearekin batera. Erromako gortea utzirik, <i><a href="/wiki/Epistulae_Morales_ad_Lucilium" title="Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium">Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium</a></i> entsegu moralak idatzi zituen. Azkenik, Neronen aurkako <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pison&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pison (sortu gabe)">Pisonen</a> konspirazioan nahastu eta bere buruaz beste egitera behartua izan zen <a href="/wiki/65" title="65">65</a>. urtean. Haren heriotzari buruzko xehetasunak <a href="/wiki/Tazito" class="mw-disambig" title="Tazito">Tazitoren</a> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Analak_(Tazito)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Analak (Tazito) (sortu gabe)">Analetan</a></i> kontatzen dira <sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pentsamendua">Pentsamendua</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Pentsamendua»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Pentsamendua"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Seneka ez da filosofia sistema berri baten sortzailea. Bere garaian oparoak ziren <a href="/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia">filosofia</a> <a href="/wiki/Estoizismo" title="Estoizismo">estoikoaren</a> iturrietatik edaten duen pentsalaria izan zen, pentsamendu estoikoaren alderdi zenbait zehazten dituena. Halaber, xehetasun teorikoak alde batera utzi eta batik bat aholku praktikoak ematen dituen filosofoa da. Beste alde batetik, Seneka eklektikoa izan zen eta horrela beste filosofia eskolen irakaspenak ez zituen baztertu, <a href="/wiki/Epikuro" title="Epikuro">Epikuro</a> kasu. Filosofia bizitza bera da bere iritziz <sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Hori horrela, haren filosofia zalantzan jarri izan da eta bigarren mailako pentsalaritzat jo, <a href="/wiki/Estoizismo" title="Estoizismo">estoizismoaren</a> jarraitzaile eta dibulgatzaile hutsa dela adieraziz. Senekak, ordea, bere independentzia intelektuala aldarrikatu zuen bere idazkietan, betiere bere burua estoikotzat joz. Beharrezko zuenean gainera, estoikoak izan ez ziren filosofoen kontzeptuak eta ideiak bereganatu zituen, <a href="/wiki/Platon" title="Platon">Platonen</a> <a href="/wiki/Arima" title="Arima">arima</a> kontzeptua esaterako.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gehien landu zuen arlo filosofikoa <a href="/wiki/Etika" title="Etika">etika</a> izan zen. Beste gaietan (<a href="/wiki/Epistemologia" title="Epistemologia">epistemologia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Logika" title="Logika">logika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fisika" title="Fisika">fisika</a>...) jakintsua bazen ere <sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, nola bizi behar den zen bere kezka nagusia. Pausoz pausoko sistema bat jarraitu beharrean, ordea, etika pertsonal bat irakasten digu, non norberak bere barnean arakatu behar duen bide jakintsu eta zuzena hartzeko. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lanak">Lanak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Lanak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Lanak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lan_filosofikoak">Lan filosofikoak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Lan filosofikoak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Lan filosofikoak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dialogo izenez (<i>Dialogi</i>) ezagutzen dira 40-65 urte bitartean Senekaka idatziriko eta batik bat gai moralak aztertzen dituzten lanen bilduma bat <sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Ez dira benetako dialogoak, filosofoak lehenengo pertsonan hitz egiten baitu beti, <i>De tranquillitate animi</i> dialogoan izan ezik, non Senekak Sereno bere lagunarekin benetako dialogo bat irudikatzen duen. Hau da dialogoen zerrenda: </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ad_Marciam_de_consolatione" title="Ad Marciam de consolatione">Ad Marciam de consolatione</a> </i> (40. urtea)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=De_ira_libri_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De ira libri III (sortu gabe)">De ira libri III</a></i> (3 liburuki) (41. urtea)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ad_Helviam_matrem_de_consolatione&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ad Helviam matrem de consolatione (sortu gabe)">Ad Helviam matrem de consolatione</a></i> (41-42 urteak)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ad_Polybium_de_consolatione&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ad Polybium de consolatione (sortu gabe)">Ad Polybium de consolatione</a></i> (43 urtea)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=De_brevitate_vitae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De brevitate vitae (sortu gabe)">De brevitate vitae</a></i> (49. urtea) (Euskaraz <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizitzaren_laburtasunaz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bizitzaren laburtasunaz (sortu gabe)">Bizitzaren laburtasunaz</a></i>, itzultzailea: Imanol Unzurrunzaga Goikoetxea. 1993. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ehu.eus/ehg/klasikoak/">Klasikoak bilduma. 9. zk.</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=De_constantia_sapientis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De constantia sapientis (sortu gabe)">De constantia sapientis</a></i> (55. urtea)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=De_vita_beata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De vita beata (sortu gabe)">De vita beata</a></i> (58-59 urteak)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=De_otio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De otio (sortu gabe)">De otio</a></i> (62. urtea)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=De_tranquilitate_animi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De tranquilitate animi (sortu gabe)">De tranquilitate animi</a></i> (62. urtea)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=De_providentia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De providentia (sortu gabe)">De providentia</a></i> (62-65 urteak)</li></ul> <p>Idatzi zituen betse lan filosofikoak hauek dira: </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=De_clementia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De clementia (sortu gabe)">De clementia</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Neron" title="Neron">Neron</a> enperadoreari idatzirikoa.</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=De_beneficiis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De beneficiis (sortu gabe)">De beneficiis</a></i>, 7 liburukietan</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Epistulae_Morales_ad_Lucilium" title="Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium">Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naturales_Quaestiones&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naturales Quaestiones (sortu gabe)">Naturales Quaestiones</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literatura_lanak">Literatura lanak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Literatura lanak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Literatura lanak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tragedia hauek idatzi zituen: </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hercules_furens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hercules furens (sortu gabe)">Hercules furens</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Troades&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Troades (sortu gabe)">Troades</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phoenissae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phoenissae (sortu gabe)">Phoenissae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Medea" title="Medea">Medea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phaedra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phaedra (sortu gabe)">Phaedra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oedipus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oedipus (sortu gabe)">Oedipus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Agamemnon" title="Agamemnon">Agamemnon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thyestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thyestes (sortu gabe)">Thyestes</a></i></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Klaudio" title="Klaudio">Klaudio</a> enperadorearen <a href="/wiki/Satira" title="Satira">satira</a> bat ere idatzi zuen: </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apocolocyntosis_divi_Clauddi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apocolocyntosis divi Clauddi (sortu gabe)">Apocolocyntosis divi Clauddi</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/54" title="54">54</a>. urtea), non Klaudioren heriotza eta ondorengoak kontatzen dituen.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Erreferentziak">Erreferentziak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Erreferentziak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Erreferentziak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Bere jaiotze-urtea ezin da zehazki finkatu. Besteak beste, Senekak berak emandako erreferentzietan oinarrituz, K.a. 8-1 urte-tartea ezarri da. Ikus, Miriam Tamara Griffin: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.es/books?id=fapATeBaFuMC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_v2_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q=&f=false">Seneca. A Philosopher in Politics</a></i>, 34-36 orrialdeak.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Grimal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Grimal (sortu gabe)">Pierre Grimalek</a> <a href="/wiki/K.a._1" title="K.a. 1">K.a. 1</a>. urtea ematen du data probableen gisa: gaztea zen <a href="/wiki/19" title="19">19</a>. urtean Tiberioren agintepean ekialdeko kultoak debekatuak izan zirenean eta <a href="/wiki/62" title="62">62</a>. urtean Senekak Neroni bere kabuz bizitzeko baimena eskatzean, 60 urtetan finkatzen zen zahartzarora heldua zen. Pierre Grimal: <i>Sénèque</i>, 12. orrialdea.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Pierre Grimal, <i>op. cit.</i>, 13. orrialdea.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Pierre Grimal, <i>op. cit.</i>, 18-20 orrialdeak.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Pierre Grimal, <i>op. cit.</i>, 27-29 orrialdeak.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Pierre Grimal: <i>op. cit.</i>, 29-31 orrialdeak.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Domizio Klaudioren semetzakoa zen, Agripinak aurreko senar batekin izandako semea alegia.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Pierre Grimal, <i>op. cit.</i>, 58-59 orrialdeak.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Inperioko ondare handienetakoa eskuratu zuen Senekak Neroni esker. Aberastasunari esker bere eragin politikoa sendotu ahal izan zuen.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Miiram Tamara Griffin: <i>op. cit.</i>, 73. orrialdea.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Pierre Grimal: <i>op. cit.</i>, 69-71 orrialdeak.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Hilketan Senekak izan zuen parte hartzea eztabaidagarria da.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Hemen aurki daiteke testu osoa gazteleraz: <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Gaztelaniaz dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Gaztelaniaz)</b></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scribd.com/doc/2490577/Tacito-Cayo-Cornelio-La-muerte-de-Seneca">La muerte de Séneca (Tácito)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Gaztelaniaz dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Gaztelaniaz)</b></span> Jean Bayet: <i>Literatura latina</i>, 314. orrialdea.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Ingelesez dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Ingelesez)</b></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/seneca/">Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: <i>Seneca</i>, 2:Seneca's Stoicism</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Gaztetan zientzia gaiak ikasi eta aztertu zituen. Zahartzaroan <i>Quaestiones naturales</i> bere liburuan gai zientifikoak berriz ere ikertu zituen.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><i>Dialogi</i> izena da lan hauei eskuizkribu nagusia den <i>Codex Ambrosianus</i> bilduman ematen zaien izenburua. <i>Entsegu moralak</i> izena ere jarri izan zaie.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Bibliografia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Gaztelaniaz dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Gaztelaniaz)</b></span> <a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_Zambrano" title="María Zambrano">María Zambrano</a>: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.es/books?id=IG0eclAZ3lAC&pg=PP1&dq=seneca&lr=#v=onepage&q=&f=false">El pensamiento vivo de Séneca</a></i>, Siruela, Madrid, 1994.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kanpo_loturak">Kanpo loturak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Kanpo loturak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneka&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Kanpo loturak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table style="clear: right; float: right; 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style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9236167"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9235565">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 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href="/wiki/Estoizismo" title="Estoizismo">Estoizismoa</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Filosofoak</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Goiztiarrak</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Zenon_Zitiokoa" title="Zenon Zitiokoa">Zenon Zitiokoa</a></b></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pertseo_Kitongoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pertseo Kitongoa (sortu gabe)">Pertseo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aristo_Kioskoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aristo Kioskoa (sortu gabe)">Aristo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esfero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Esfero (sortu gabe)">Esfero</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herilo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Herilo (sortu gabe)">Herilo</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kleantes" title="Kleantes">Kleantes</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Krisipo_Solikoa" title="Krisipo Solikoa">Krisipo</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenon_Tarsokoa" title="Zenon Tarsokoa">Zenon Tarsokoa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Krates_Malluskoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krates Malluskoa (sortu gabe)">Krates Malluskoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diogenes_Babiloniakoa" title="Diogenes Babiloniakoa">Diogenes Babiloniakoa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apolodoro_Seleuziakoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apolodoro Seleuziakoa (sortu gabe)">Apolodoro</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antipater_Tarsokoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antipater Tarsokoa (sortu gabe)">Antipater Tarsokoa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diotimo_Estoikoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diotimo Estoikoa (sortu gabe)">Diotimo Estoikoa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Ertainekoak</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Panezio" title="Panezio">Panezio</a></b></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dardano_Atenaskoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dardano Atenaskoa (sortu gabe)">Dardano</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mnesarko_Atenaskoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mnesarko Atenaskoa (sortu gabe)">Mnesarko</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hekato_Rodaskoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hekato Rodaskoa (sortu gabe)">Hekato</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Posidonio" title="Posidonio">Posidonio</a></b></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diodoto_Estoikoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diodoto Estoikoa (sortu gabe)">Diodoto</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gemino_Rodaskoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gemino Rodaskoa (sortu gabe)">Gemino</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antipater_Tirokoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antipater Tirokoa (sortu gabe)">Antipater Tirokoa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atenodoro_Kanaandarra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atenodoro Kanaandarra (sortu gabe)">Atenodoro Kanaandarra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Berantiarrak</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Seneka</a></b></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luzio_Anneo_Kornuto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luzio Anneo Kornuto (sortu gabe)">Kornuto</a></li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaio_Musonio_Rufo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaio Musonio Rufo (sortu gabe)">Musonio Rufo</a></b></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eufrates_Estoikoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eufrates Estoikoa (sortu gabe)">Eufrates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kleomedes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kleomedes (sortu gabe)">Kleomedes</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Epikteto" title="Epikteto">Epikteto</a></b></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hierokles_(filosofoa)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hierokles (filosofoa) (sortu gabe)">Hierokles</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sexto_Keroneakoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sexto Keroneakoa (sortu gabe)">Sexto</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Junio_Rustiko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Junio Rustiko (sortu gabe)">Junio Rustiko</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Marko_Aurelio" title="Marko Aurelio">Marko Aurelio</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eskolak</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Estoizismo" title="Estoizismo">Estoizismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoestoizismo" title="Neoestoizismo">Neoestoizismo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terminoak</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adiafora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adiafora (sortu gabe)">Adiafora</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apatheia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apatheia (sortu gabe)">Apatheia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ataraxia" title="Ataraxia">Ataraxia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekpyrosis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekpyrosis (sortu gabe)">Ekpyrosis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eudemonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eudemonia (sortu gabe)">Eudemonia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katalepsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katalepsis (sortu gabe)">Katalepsis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kathekon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kathekon (sortu gabe)">Kathekon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logos" title="Logos">Logos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oikei%C3%B4sis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oikeiôsis (sortu gabe)">Oikeiôsis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pneuma_(filosofia)" title="Pneuma (filosofia)">Pneuma</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prohairesis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prohairesis (sortu gabe)">Prohairesis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jakintsu_(filosofia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jakintsu (filosofia) (sortu gabe)">Sofos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lan nagusiak</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=De_Brevitate_Vitae_(Seneka)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De Brevitate Vitae (Seneka) (sortu gabe)"><i>De Brevitate Vitae</i> (Seneka)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diatribai_(Epikteto)" title="Diatribai (Epikteto)"><i>Hitzaldiak</i> (Epikteto)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enkhiridion_(Epikteto)" title="Enkhiridion (Epikteto)"><i>Enchiridion</i> (Epikteto)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistulae_Morales_ad_Lucilium" title="Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium"><i>Epistola</i> (Seneka)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gogoetak_(Marko_Aurelio)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gogoetak (Marko Aurelio) (sortu gabe)"><i>Gogoetak</i> (Marko Aurelio)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Errepublika_(Zenon)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Errepublika (Zenon) (sortu gabe)"><i>Errepublika</i> (Zenon)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Loturiko artikuluak</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paradoxa_Stoicorum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paradoxa Stoicorum (sortu gabe)">Paradoxa Stoicorum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ad_Marciam_de_consolatione" title="Ad Marciam de consolatione">Ad Marciam de consolatione</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stoicorum_Veterum_Fragmenta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stoicorum Veterum Fragmenta (sortu gabe)">Stoicorum Veterum Fragmenta</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div style="clear:both;"></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7786466">.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control{margin-top:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox hr:last-child{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox+.mw-mf-linked-projects{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control,.mw-parser-output .mw-mf-linked-projects{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .mw-mf-linked-projects ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="mw-authority-control"><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9236167"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9236165"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Autoritate_kontrola" style="width: inherit;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Autoritate_kontrola" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Laguntza:Autoritate_kontrola" title="Laguntza:Autoritate kontrola">Autoritate kontrola</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Wikimedia proiektuak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Datuak:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2054" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q2054">Q2054</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lucius_Annaeus_Seneca">Lucius Annaeus Seneca</a></span> / <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&search=%22Q2054%22">Q2054</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikiesanak" title="Wikiquote"><img alt="Wikiquote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/15px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/30px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span> Aipu famatuak:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://eu.wikiquote.org/wiki/Seneka" class="extiw" title="q:Seneka">Seneka</a></span></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b>Identifikadoreak</b></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/identities/viaf-60158790620538851262">WorldCat</a></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/60158790620538851262/">60158790620538851262</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">ISNI</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121030100">0000000121030100</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_la_Rep%C3%BAblica_Argentina" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblioteca Nacional de la República Argentina">BNA</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogo.bn.gov.ar/F/?func=direct&local_base=BNA10&doc_number=000051058">000051058</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España">BNE</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX824530">XX824530</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11887555p">11887555p</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11887555p">(data)</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblioteca Nacional de Chile">BNC</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F/?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000047547">000047547</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kataluniako_Liburutegia" title="Kataluniako Liburutegia">CANTIC</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registres/CUCId/a10494182">a10494182</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Authority File">GND</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118613200">118613200</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79004229">n79004229</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="National Diet Library">NDL</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00456102">00456102</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19981002127">jn19981002127</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of Australia">NLA</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librariesaustralia.nla.gov.au/search/display?dbid=auth&id=35489889">35489889</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/CiNii" title="CiNii">CiNii</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA00822622">DA00822622</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation" title="Système universitaire de documentation">SUDOC</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026670984">026670984</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Union_List_of_Artist_Names" title="Union List of Artist Names">ULAN</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500354133">500354133</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/BIBSYS" title="BIBSYS">BIBSYS</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90585815">90585815</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Bartzelonako_Unibertsitatea" title="Bartzelonako Unibertsitatea">UB</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://crai.ub.edu/sites/default/files/autoritats/permanent/a1242972">a1242972</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Istituto_Centrale_per_il_Catalogo_Unico" title="Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo Unico">ICCU</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/risultati-autori/-/opac-autori/detail/CFIV011797?core=autoriall">CFIV011797</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Library" title="Open Library">Open Library</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/works/OL3143587A?mode=all">OL3143587A</a></span></li> <li><b>Hiztegiak eta entziklopediak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Lur_Hiztegi_Entziklopedikoa" title="Lur Hiztegi Entziklopedikoa">Lur</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euskadi.eus/web01-a2lurhiz/eu/contenidos/termino/_c05357/eu_s_1760/s1760.html">05357/eu_s_1760/s1760</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Diccionario_biogr%C3%A1fico_espa%C3%B1ol" class="mw-redirect" title="Diccionario biográfico español">DBE</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbe.rah.es/biografias/8082/lucio-anneo-seneca">url</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Britannica</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lucius-Annaeus-Seneca-Roman-philosopher-and-statesman">url</a></span></li> <li><b>Bilduma digitalak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Virtual_Miguel_de_Cervantes" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes">BVMC</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a 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