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class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alternar o índice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alternar o índice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Nolan Bushnell</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox 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Disponível em 38 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-38" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">38 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%84" title="نولان بوشنل — árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نولان بوشنل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%84" title="نولان بوشنل — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نولان بوشنل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolan_Bushnell" title="Nolan Bushnell — asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Nolan Bushnell" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolan_Bu%C5%9Fnell" title="Nolan Buşnell — azerbaijano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Nolan Buşnell" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%84" title="نولان باشنل — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="نولان باشنل" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Нолан Бушнел — búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Нолан Бушнел" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolan_Bushnell" title="Nolan Bushnell — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nolan Bushnell" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolan_Bushnell" title="Nolan Bushnell — checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nolan Bushnell" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolan_Bushnell" title="Nolan Bushnell — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nolan Bushnell" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolan_Bushnell" title="Nolan Bushnell — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Nolan Bushnell" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolan_Bushnell" title="Nolan Bushnell — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nolan Bushnell" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolan_Bushnell" title="Nolan Bushnell — basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Nolan Bushnell" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%84" title="نولان باشنل — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نولان باشنل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolan_Bushnell" title="Nolan Bushnell — finlandês" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Nolan Bushnell" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolan_Bushnell" title="Nolan Bushnell — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nolan Bushnell" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolan_Bushnell" title="Nolan Bushnell — galego" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Nolan Bushnell" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D4%B2%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B7%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%AC" title="Նոլան Բուշնել — arménio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նոլան Բուշնել" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolan_Bushnell" title="Nolan Bushnell — indonésio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Nolan Bushnell" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolan_Bushnell" title="Nolan Bushnell — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Nolan Bushnell" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%96%E3%83%83%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%83%8D%E3%83%AB" title="ノーラン・ブッシュネル — japonês" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ノーラン・ブッシュネル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%86%80%EB%9F%B0_%EB%B6%80%EC%8A%88%EB%84%90" title="놀런 부슈널 — coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="놀런 부슈널" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Нолан Бушнелл — quirguiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Нолан Бушнелл" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="quirguiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolan_Bushnell" title="Nolan Bushnell — malgaxe" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Nolan Bushnell" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaxe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%86%E0%B5%BD" title="നോലാൻ ബുഷ്നെൽ — malaiala" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="നോലാൻ ബുഷ്നെൽ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9C%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%98%E1%80%BD%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9E%E1%80%BB%E1%80%BE%E1%80%94%E1%80%B2" title="နိုလန် ဘွတ်သျှနဲ — birmanês" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="နိုလန် ဘွတ်သျှနဲ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolan_Bushnell" title="Nolan Bushnell — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nolan Bushnell" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolan_Bushnell" title="Nolan Bushnell — polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nolan Bushnell" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolan_Bushnell" title="Nolan Bushnell — romeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Nolan Bushnell" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB,_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Бушнелл, Нолан — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бушнелл, Нолан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolan_Bushnell" title="Nolan Bushnell — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Nolan Bushnell" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolan_Bu%C5%A1nel" title="Nolan Bušnel — sérvio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Nolan Bušnel" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sérvio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolan_Bushnell" title="Nolan Bushnell — sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nolan Bushnell" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolan_Bushnell" title="Nolan Bushnell — turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Nolan Bushnell" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Нолан Бушнелл — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нолан Бушнелл" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolan_Bushnell" title="Nolan Bushnell — waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Nolan Bushnell" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E5%85%B0%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E4%BB%80%E5%86%85%E5%B0%94" title="诺兰·布什内尔 — wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="诺兰·布什内尔" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E5%85%B0%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E4%BB%80%E5%86%85%E5%B0%94" title="诺兰·布什内尔 — chinês" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="诺兰·布什内尔" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E8%98%AD%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%AE%8A%E5%85%A7%E7%88%BE" title="諾蘭·布殊內爾 — cantonês" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="諾蘭·布殊內爾" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q335039#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar hiperligações interlínguas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar hiperligações</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaços nominais"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Nolan_Bushnell" title="Ver a página de conteúdo [c]" 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id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pt" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox infobox_v2" cellpadding="3" border="0" style="width: 270px; font-size: 88%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; font-size:larger; background-color:transparent; border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0;"><span class="">Nolan Bushnell</span> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div style="padding-bottom: 5px;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Nolan_Bushnell.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nolan Bushnell"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Nolan_Bushnell.jpg/200px-Nolan_Bushnell.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Nolan_Bushnell.jpg/300px-Nolan_Bushnell.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Nolan_Bushnell.jpg/400px-Nolan_Bushnell.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Nolan Bushnell</figcaption></figure></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Conhecido(a) por </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Pong" title="Pong">Pong</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Nascimento </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/5_de_fevereiro#Nascimentos" title="5 de fevereiro">5 de fevereiro</a> de <a href="/wiki/1943" title="1943">1943</a> (81 anos)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Clearfield_(Utah)" title="Clearfield (Utah)">Clearfield</a>, <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Nacionalidade </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Estados_Unidos" title="Estados Unidos"><img alt="Estados Unidos" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Povo_dos_Estados_Unidos" title="Povo dos Estados Unidos">Estadunidense</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;"><i><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></i> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Universidade_de_Utah" title="Universidade de Utah">Universidade de Utah</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Stanford_Graduate_School_of_Business" title="Stanford Graduate School of Business">Stanford Graduate School of Business</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-cal_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cal-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-anti_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anti-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cmu_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cmu-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Instituições </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Atari" title="Atari">Atari</a>, <span style="white-space:nowrap;">Chuck E. Cheese's</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Campo(s) </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Engenharia_el%C3%A9trica" title="Engenharia elétrica">Engenharia elétrica</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Nolan Bushnell</b> (<a href="/wiki/Clearfield_(Utah)" title="Clearfield (Utah)">Clearfield</a>, <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a>, <a href="/wiki/5_de_fevereiro" title="5 de fevereiro">5 de fevereiro</a> de <a href="/wiki/1943" title="1943">1943</a>) é um <a href="/wiki/Engenheiro_eletricista" class="mw-redirect" title="Engenheiro eletricista">engenheiro eletricista</a> e <a href="/wiki/Empreendedor" class="mw-redirect" title="Empreendedor">empreendedor</a> <a href="/wiki/Povo_dos_Estados_Unidos" title="Povo dos Estados Unidos">americano</a>, fundador da <a href="/wiki/Atari" title="Atari">Atari</a> e da rede de <i><a href="/wiki/Fast_food" title="Fast food">fast food</a></i> Chuck E. Cheese's. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografia">Biografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nolan_Bushnell&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar secção: Biografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nolan_Bushnell&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Biografia"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bushnell é reverenciado por fãs de <a href="/wiki/Videogame" class="mw-redirect" title="Videogame">videogames</a> e é considerado o pai do videogame como o conhecemos hoje. </p><p>Enquanto estudante na <a href="/wiki/Universidade_de_Utah" title="Universidade de Utah">Universidade de Utah</a>, em 1962, foi viciado no jogo <i><a href="/wiki/Spacewar!" title="Spacewar!">Spacewar!</a></i> criado por <a href="/wiki/Steve_Russell" title="Steve Russell">Steve Russell</a>. Ele gostou tanto do jogo que em 1970, dois anos após sua graduação, converteu o quarto de sua filha, no local onde poderia transformar um computador num videogame de <a href="/wiki/Fliperama" title="Fliperama">fliperama</a>. </p><p>A sua ideia inicial era a de usar um <a href="/wiki/Computador" title="Computador">computador</a> pois seus preços haviam baixado muito, mas mesmo assim, eram altos demais para serem usados em "Arcades". Então, em vez de usar um computador, ele construiu um dispositivo onde era possível jogar somente o "Spacewar", com gráficos menos elaborados, ele rebatizou o jogo como "Computer Space". </p><p>Em 1971, Nolan Bushnell vendeu sua ideia para <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_Nutting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bill Nutting (página não existe)">Bill Nutting</a>, dono da "Nutting Associates". Nutting então contratou Bushnell para vigiar a criação do "Computer Space" enquanto trabalhava em outros projetos de engenharia. Eles começaram a venda do jogo no final de 1971, porém o "Computer Space" foi um fracasso, vendendo entre 500 e 1500 máquinas. </p><p>Bushnell deixou a "Nutting Associates", formou uma sociedade com seu amigo <a href="/wiki/Ted_Dabney" title="Ted Dabney">Ted Dabney</a> e abriu uma nova empresa chamada "Syzygy", porém esse nome já pertencia a outra companhia, então ele escolheu o nome "<a href="/wiki/Atari" title="Atari">Atari</a>". </p><p>O primeiro produto da Atari foi um jogo chamado "<a href="/wiki/Pong" title="Pong">Pong</a>" que consistia em uma partida de <a href="/wiki/T%C3%AAnis" class="mw-redirect" title="Tênis">tênis</a> eletrônico, no qual os jogadores batiam em uma bola quadrada de um lado para o outro utilizando retângulos. Criado pelo engenheiro Al Alcorn (e não por Nolan Bushnell, porém ele ajudou na criação, porque tinha visto o jogo "Tennis" do <a href="/wiki/Odyssey" class="mw-disambig" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a> algumas semanas antes em uma feira). </p><p>Era um jogo bem simples, com mínimas instruções. Bushnell e Alcorn colocaram um protótipo do jogo em um bar na <a href="/wiki/Calif%C3%B3rnia" title="Califórnia">Califórnia</a> chamado "Andy Capp's Tavern". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pong">Pong</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nolan_Bushnell&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar secção: Pong" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nolan_Bushnell&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Pong"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Duas semanas depois de instalarem o jogo, Alcorn recebeu um telefonema no meio da noite do gerente do bar. O jogo havia quebrado, e o gerente adoraria que fosse consertado. Quando Alcorn foi verificar a máquina, ele encontrou um problema incomum. Tinha tantas moedas na máquina a ponto de ficarem esmagadas, que o jogo parou de funcionar. Em poucos meses, "Ramtek", "Nutting" e diversas outras empresas lançaram imitações do Pong. A <a href="/wiki/Magnavox" title="Magnavox">Magnavox</a> processou a Atari por infringir as patentes de <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Baer" title="Ralph Baer">Ralph Baer</a> e conseguiu a cifra de 700 000 <a href="/wiki/D%C3%B3lar" title="Dólar">dólares</a> (esta foi a primeira batalha em um tribunal sobre vídeo-games). </p><p>Em 1973, são feitas de 8 a 10 mil unidades, Pong se torna um sucesso sem precedentes. Ted Dabney com medo da concorrência, vendeu metade de sua parte nas ações para Bushnell. Bushnell formou a "<a href="/wiki/Kee_Games" title="Kee Games">Kee Games</a>" (logo após contratar Joe Keenan) para prover uma "competição" a Atari. </p><p>A partir de 1974, diversas empresas começaram a trabalhar em "pong's" caseiros, tentando aproveitar o grande sucesso do "Arcade". As empresas que mais investiram no "pong" foram Atari, Magnavox e <a href="/wiki/Coleco" title="Coleco">Coleco</a>. Essas empresas criaram diversas variações do "Pong" durante anos. </p><p>O "Pong" começou a perder a sua popularidade a partir de 1977 com a chegada dos vídeo-games baseados em cartuchos, que não se limitavam somente a variações do "Pong". </p><p>Apesar da simplicidade do jogo, o "Pong" atingiu um imenso sucesso que poucos produtos conseguiram. </p> <h2 id="Referências" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso."><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Referências</h2> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-cal-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cal_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cal-entertainment.com/portfoliotype/nolan-bushnell-2/">Nolan Bushnell: Founder of Atari Corporation and Chuck E. Cheese Pizza Time Theater. Father of the Video Game Industry. Creator of first video game, "Pong", Author of Finding the Next Steve Jobs. Innovator, Pioneer, Entrepreneur, Scientist.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-anti-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-anti_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.anti-aginggames.com/team.html">Anti-Aging Games</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cmu-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cmu_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cmu.edu/silicon-valley/news-events/seminars/2013/nolan-bushnell-talk.html">Nolan Bushnell Talk</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ligações_externas"><span id="Liga.C3.A7.C3.B5es_externas"></span>Ligações externas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nolan_Bushnell&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar secção: Ligações externas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nolan_Bushnell&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Ligações externas"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f9f9f9); color: inherit; width: 238px; padding: 5px; spacing: 2px; text-align: center; float: right;"> <div style="float: left; vertical-align:middle;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wikiquote"><img alt="Wikiquote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/22px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/33px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/44px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span><figcaption>Wikiquote</figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 30px; line-height:normal; vertical-align:middle;">O <a href="/wiki/Wikiquote" title="Wikiquote">Wikiquote</a> possui citações de ou sobre: <i><b><a href="https://pt.wikiquote.org/wiki/Nolan_Bushnell" class="extiw" title="q:Nolan Bushnell">Nolan Bushnell</a></b></i></div></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f9f9f9); color: inherit; width: 238px; padding: 5px; spacing: 0px; text-align: center; float: right;"> <div style="float: left; vertical-align:middle;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/22px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/33px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/44px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 30px; line-height:normal; vertical-align:middle;">O <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1gina_principal" class="extiw" title="commons:Página principal">Commons</a> possui uma <i>categoria</i> com imagens e outros ficheiros sobre <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Nolan_Bushnell?uselang=pt">Nolan Bushnell</a></span></b></div> </div> <ul><li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bafta.org/learning/webcasts/nolan-bushnell,727,BA.html">«Nolan Bushnell: A Life in Video Games»</a>. evento da <a href="/wiki/BAFTA" class="mw-redirect" title="BAFTA">BAFTA</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANolan+Bushnell&rft.btitle=Nolan+Bushnell%3A+A+Life+in+Video+Games&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bafta.org%2Flearning%2Fwebcasts%2Fnolan-bushnell%2C727%2CBA.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mercextra.com/listen/index.php?id=241">«San Jose Mercury News Podcast»</a>. Entrevista com Bushnell</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANolan+Bushnell&rft.btitle=San+Jose+Mercury+News+Podcast&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mercextra.com%2Flisten%2Findex.php%3Fid%3D241&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wetalkgames.com/WTG5.mp3">«Podcast»</a>. Nolan Bushnell no "We Talk Games." [Timecode, 00:38:05].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANolan+Bushnell&rft.btitle=Podcast&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwetalkgames.com%2FWTG5.mp3&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedoteaters.com/stage1.php">«The Dot Eaters»</a>. www.thedoteaters.com</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANolan+Bushnell&rft.btitle=The+Dot+Eaters&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedoteaters.com%2Fstage1.php&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thetech.org/revolutionaries/bushnell/i_a.html">«Uma entrevista com Bushnell»</a>. www.thetech.org</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANolan+Bushnell&rft.btitle=Uma+entrevista+com+Bushnell&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetech.org%2Frevolutionaries%2Fbushnell%2Fi_a.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bestofgooglevideo.com/video.php?video=272">«Discovery Channel»</a>. Entrevista com Bushnell</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANolan+Bushnell&rft.btitle=Discovery+Channel&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bestofgooglevideo.com%2Fvideo.php%3Fvideo%3D272&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gigaom.com/2007/11/24/father-of-videogames-joins-latest-ad-driven-game-network/10739/">«NeoEdge Networks»</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANolan+Bushnell&rft.btitle=NeoEdge+Networks&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgigaom.com%2F2007%2F11%2F24%2Ffather-of-videogames-joins-latest-ad-driven-game-network%2F10739%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newlearning.blip.tv/file/1905445/">«Nolan Bushnell»</a>. na Game Based Learning 2009 em Londres</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANolan+Bushnell&rft.btitle=Nolan+Bushnell&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewlearning.blip.tv%2Ffile%2F1905445%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thebusinessmakers.com/episodes/shows/2007/december/episode-132/nolan-bushnell-atari-inc.html">«Entrevista com Bushnell no The BusinessMakers Show»</a>. www.thebusinessmakers.com</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANolan+Bushnell&rft.btitle=Entrevista+com+Bushnell+no+The+BusinessMakers+Show&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thebusinessmakers.com%2Fepisodes%2Fshows%2F2007%2Fdecember%2Fepisode-132%2Fnolan-bushnell-atari-inc.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobosh.com/nolan-bushnell/news-stories/">«Novidades sobre Nolan Bushnell»</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANolan+Bushnell&rft.btitle=Novidades+sobre+Nolan+Bushnell&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobosh.com%2Fnolan-bushnell%2Fnews-stories%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="BAFTA_Fellowship_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #BDB76B"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:BAFTA_Fellowship_Award" title="Predefinição:BAFTA Fellowship Award"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição" style=";background: #BDB76B;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-discutir"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:BAFTA_Fellowship_Award&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predefinição Discussão:BAFTA Fellowship Award (página não existe)"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição" style=";background: #BDB76B;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:BAFTA_Fellowship_Award&action=edit"><abbr title="Editar esta predefinição" style=";background: #BDB76B;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="BAFTA_Fellowship_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/British_Academy_of_Film_and_Television_Arts" title="British Academy of Film and Television Arts">BAFTA</a> Fellowship Award</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #C5B358"><div style="text-align:center;">1971–1979</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock" title="Alfred Hitchcock">Alfred Hitchcock</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1971)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Freddie_Young" title="Freddie Young">Freddie Young</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1972)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grace_Wyndham_Goldie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grace Wyndham Goldie (página não existe)">Grace Wyndham Goldie</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1973)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1974)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jacques-Yves_Cousteau" title="Jacques-Yves Cousteau">Jacques-Yves Cousteau</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1975)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1976)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Olivier" title="Laurence Olivier">Laurence Olivier</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1976)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denis_Forman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Denis Forman (página não existe)">Denis Forman</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1977)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1978)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Lew_Grade" title="Lew Grade">Lew Grade</a> & <a href="/wiki/Huw_Wheldon" title="Huw Wheldon">Huw Wheldon</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1979)</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #C5B358"><div style="text-align:center;">1980–1989</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/David_Attenborough" title="David Attenborough">David Attenborough</a> & <a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1980)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Abel_Gance" title="Abel Gance">Abel Gance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Powell_(cineasta)" title="Michael Powell (cineasta)">Michael Powell</a> & <a href="/wiki/Emeric_Pressburger" title="Emeric Pressburger">Emeric Pressburger</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1981)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Wajda" title="Andrzej Wajda">Andrzej Wajda</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1982)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Attenborough" title="Richard Attenborough">Richard Attenborough</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1983)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Greene" title="Hugh Greene">Hugh Greene</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Spiegel" class="mw-redirect" title="Sam Spiegel">Sam Spiegel</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1984)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Isaacs" title="Jeremy Isaacs">Jeremy Isaacs</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1985)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1986)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1987)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1988)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Alec_Guinness" title="Alec Guinness">Alec Guinness</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1989)</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #C5B358"><div style="text-align:center;">1990–1999</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Fox" title="Paul Fox">Paul Fox</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1990)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Malle" title="Louis Malle">Louis Malle</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1991)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/John_Gielgud" title="John Gielgud">John Gielgud</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Plowright&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Plowright (página não existe)">David Plowright</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1992)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_Samuelson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sydney Samuelson (página não existe)">Sydney Samuelson</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Colin_Young&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Colin Young (página não existe)">Colin Young</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1993)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Grade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Grade (página não existe)">Michael Grade</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1994)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder">Billy Wilder</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1995)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Moreau" title="Jeanne Moreau">Jeanne Moreau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Neame" title="Ronald Neame">Ronald Neame</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Schlesinger" title="John Schlesinger">John Schlesinger</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Maggie_Smith" title="Maggie Smith">Maggie Smith</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1996)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Steven_Bochco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steven Bochco (página não existe)">Steven Bochco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Julie_Christie" title="Julie Christie">Julie Christie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Morris" title="Oswald Morris">Oswald Morris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Pinter" title="Harold Pinter">Harold Pinter</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Rose&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Rose (página não existe)">David Rose</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1997)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Connery" title="Sean Connery">Sean Connery</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_Cotton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bill Cotton (página não existe)">Bill Cotton</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1998)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Eric_Morecambe" title="Eric Morecambe">Eric Morecambe</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernie_Wise&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ernie Wise (página não existe)">Ernie Wise</a> & <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Taylor" title="Elizabeth Taylor">Elizabeth Taylor</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1999)</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #C5B358"><div style="text-align:center;">2000–2009</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Caine" title="Michael Caine">Michael Caine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Stanley Kubrick</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Bazalgette&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Bazalgette (página não existe)">Peter Bazalgette</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2000)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Finney" title="Albert Finney">Albert Finney</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Thaw" title="John Thaw">John Thaw</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Judi_Dench" title="Judi Dench">Judi Dench</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2001)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Beatty" title="Warren Beatty">Warren Beatty</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merchant_Ivory_Productions&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Merchant Ivory Productions (página não existe)">Merchant Ivory Productions</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrew_Davies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrew Davies (página não existe)">Andrew Davies</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/John_Mills" title="John Mills">John Mills</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2002)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saul_Zaentz" title="Saul Zaentz">Saul Zaentz</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/David_Jason" title="David Jason">David Jason</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2003)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Boorman" title="John Boorman">John Boorman</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Graef&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roger Graef (página não existe)">Roger Graef</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2004)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Barry" title="John Barry">John Barry</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/David_Frost" title="David Frost">David Frost</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2005)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Puttnam" title="David Puttnam">David Puttnam</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ken_Loach" title="Ken Loach">Ken Loach</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2006)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_V._Coates" title="Anne V. Coates">Anne V. Coates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Curtis" title="Richard Curtis">Richard Curtis</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Will_Wright" title="Will Wright">Will Wright</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2007)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Hopkins" title="Anthony Hopkins">Anthony Hopkins</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruce_Forsyth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bruce Forsyth (página não existe)">Bruce Forsyth</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2008)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawn_French" title="Dawn French">Dawn French</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Saunders" title="Jennifer Saunders">Jennifer Saunders</a>, <a href="/wiki/Terry_Gilliam" title="Terry Gilliam">Terry Gilliam</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nolan Bushnell</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2009)</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #C5B358"><div style="text-align:center;">2010–2019</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vanessa_Redgrave" title="Vanessa Redgrave">Vanessa Redgrave</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Miyamoto" title="Shigeru Miyamoto">Shigeru Miyamoto</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Melvyn_Bragg" title="Melvyn Bragg">Melvyn Bragg</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2010)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Lee" title="Christopher Lee">Christopher Lee</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Molyneux&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Molyneux (página não existe)">Peter Molyneux</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trevor_McDonald&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trevor McDonald (página não existe)">Trevor McDonald</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2011)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><s><a href="/wiki/Rolf_Harris" title="Rolf Harris">Rolf Harris</a></s> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2012)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Parker" title="Alan Parker">Alan Parker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gabe_Newell" title="Gabe Newell">Gabe Newell</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Palin" title="Michael Palin">Michael Palin</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2013)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Mirren" title="Helen Mirren">Helen Mirren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rockstar_Games" title="Rockstar Games">Rockstar Games</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Julie_Walters" title="Julie Walters">Julie Walters</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2014)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leigh" title="Mike Leigh">Mike Leigh</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Braben&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Braben (página não existe)">David Braben</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jon_Snow_(jornalista)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jon Snow (jornalista) (página não existe)">Jon Snow</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2015)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Poitier" title="Sidney Poitier">Sidney Poitier</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Carmack" title="John Carmack">John Carmack</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ray_Galton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ray Galton (página não existe)">Ray Galton</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alan_Simpson_(roteirista)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alan Simpson (roteirista) (página não existe)">Alan Simpson</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2016)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Brooks" title="Mel Brooks">Mel Brooks</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Joanna_Lumley" title="Joanna Lumley">Joanna Lumley</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2017)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridley_Scott" title="Ridley Scott">Ridley Scott</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tim_Schafer" title="Tim Schafer">Tim Schafer</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kate_Adie" title="Kate Adie">Kate Adie</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2018)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thelma_Schoonmaker" title="Thelma Schoonmaker">Thelma Schoonmaker</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joan_Bakewell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joan Bakewell (página não existe)">Joan Bakewell</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2019)</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #C5B358"><div style="text-align:center;">2020–2029</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Kennedy" title="Kathleen Kennedy">Kathleen Kennedy</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Hideo_Kojima" title="Hideo Kojima">Hideo Kojima</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2020)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siobhan_Reddy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siobhan Reddy (página não existe)">Siobhan Reddy</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2021)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Connolly" title="Billy Connolly">Billy Connolly</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2022)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandy_Powell" title="Sandy Powell">Sandy Powell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shuhei_Yoshida" title="Shuhei Yoshida">Shuhei Yoshida</a> & <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meera_Syal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meera Syal (página não existe)">Meera Syal</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2023)</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Samantha_Morton" title="Samantha Morton">Samantha Morton</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2024)</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><br /> </p> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Controle_de_autoridade" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Controle_de_autoridade" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Controle_de_autoridade" title="Ajuda:Controle de autoridade">Controle de autoridade</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlinks" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span>: <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335039" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q335039">Q335039</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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