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aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliographic_Coupling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliographic_Coupling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Bibliographic Coupling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliographic_Coupling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Author_Bibliographic_Coupling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Author_Bibliographic_Coupling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Author Bibliographic Coupling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Author_Bibliographic_Coupling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Co-citation_analysis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Co-citation_analysis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Co-citation analysis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Co-citation_analysis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Co-citation_Proximity_Analysis_(CPA)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Co-citation_Proximity_Analysis_(CPA)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Co-citation Proximity Analysis (CPA)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Co-citation_Proximity_Analysis_(CPA)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Author_Co-citation_Analysis_(ACA)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Author_Co-citation_Analysis_(ACA)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Author Co-citation Analysis (ACA)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Author_Co-citation_Analysis_(ACA)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citation_Studies_in_a_More_General_Context" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citation_Studies_in_a_More_General_Context"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.6</span> <span>Citation Studies in a More General Context</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citation_Studies_in_a_More_General_Context-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks plainlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Citation_metrics" title="Category:Citation metrics">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:200%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Citation_impact" title="Citation impact">Citation metrics</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Locations_of_papers_in_a_map_of_science_and_locations_of_the_key_papers_for_Nobel_prizes.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Locations_of_papers_in_a_map_of_science_and_locations_of_the_key_papers_for_Nobel_prizes.tif/lossy-page1-110px-Locations_of_papers_in_a_map_of_science_and_locations_of_the_key_papers_for_Nobel_prizes.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Locations_of_papers_in_a_map_of_science_and_locations_of_the_key_papers_for_Nobel_prizes.tif/lossy-page1-165px-Locations_of_papers_in_a_map_of_science_and_locations_of_the_key_papers_for_Nobel_prizes.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Locations_of_papers_in_a_map_of_science_and_locations_of_the_key_papers_for_Nobel_prizes.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Locations_of_papers_in_a_map_of_science_and_locations_of_the_key_papers_for_Nobel_prizes.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2220" data-file-height="1356" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;"> <a href="/wiki/Author-level_metrics" title="Author-level metrics">Author-level</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Composite_index_(metrics)" title="Composite index (metrics)">Composite index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eigenfactor" title="Eigenfactor">Eigenfactor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erd%C5%91s_number" title="Erdős number">Erdős number</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G-index" title="G-index">G-index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H-index" title="H-index">H-index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kardashian_Index" title="Kardashian Index">Kardashian Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science-wide_author_databases_of_standardized_citation_indicators" title="Science-wide author databases of standardized citation indicators">Science-wide author databases</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;"> <a href="/wiki/Citation" title="Citation">Citation</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citation_analysis" title="Citation analysis">Analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academic_journal_publishing_reform" title="Academic journal publishing reform">Academic journal publishing reform</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Declaration_on_Research_Assessment" title="San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment">DORA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leiden_Manifesto" title="Leiden Manifesto">Leiden Manifesto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Initiative_for_Open_Citations" title="Initiative for Open Citations">I4OC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altmetrics" title="Altmetrics">Altmetrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Article-level_metrics" title="Article-level metrics">Article-level</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bibliographic coupling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliometrics" title="Bibliometrics">Bibliometrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citation_cartel" title="Citation cartel">Cartel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Co-citation" title="Co-citation">Co-citation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Co-citation_Proximity_Analysis" title="Co-citation Proximity Analysis">Proximity Analysis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coercive_citation" title="Coercive citation">Coercive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citation_dynamics" title="Citation dynamics">Dynamics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citation_index" title="Citation index">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citation_graph" title="Citation graph">Graph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientometrics" title="Scientometrics">Scientometrics</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;"> <a href="/wiki/Journal_ranking" title="Journal ranking">Journal-level</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CiteScore" title="CiteScore">CiteScore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_factor" title="Impact factor">Impact factor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SCImago_Journal_Rank" title="SCImago Journal Rank">SCImago</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_metrics" title="Template:Citation metrics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Citation_metrics" title="Template talk:Citation metrics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Citation_metrics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Citation metrics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Bibliographic coupling</b>, like <a href="/wiki/Co-citation" title="Co-citation">co-citation</a>, is a <a href="/wiki/Similarity_measure" title="Similarity measure">similarity measure</a> that uses <a href="/wiki/Citation_analysis" title="Citation analysis">citation analysis</a> to establish a similarity relationship between documents. Bibliographic coupling occurs when two works <a href="/wiki/Citation" title="Citation">reference</a> a common third work in their <a href="/wiki/Bibliography" title="Bibliography">bibliographies</a>. It is an indication that a probability exists that the two works treat a related subject matter.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two documents are <i>bibliographically coupled</i> if they both <i>cite</i> one or more documents in common. The "coupling strength" of two given documents is higher the more citations to other documents they share. The figure to the right illustrates the concept of bibliographic coupling. In the figure, documents A and B both cite documents C, D and E. Thus, documents A and B have a bibliographic coupling strength of 3 - the number of elements in the intersection of their two reference lists. </p><p>Similarly, two authors are <i>bibliographically coupled</i> if the cumulative reference lists of their respective oeuvres each contain a reference to a common document, and their coupling strength also increases with the citations to other documents that their share. If the cumulative reference list of an author's oeuvre is determined as the <a href="/wiki/Multiset" title="Multiset">multiset</a> union of the documents that the author has co-authored, then the <i>author bibliographic coupling strength</i> of two authors (or more precisely, of their oeuvres) is defined as the size of the multiset intersection of their cumulative reference lists, however.<sup id="cite_ref-DOI:_10.1002/asi.20910_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOI:_10.1002/asi.20910-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bibliographic coupling can be useful in a wide variety of fields, since it helps researchers find related research done in the past. On the other hand, two documents are <a href="/wiki/Co-citation" title="Co-citation">co-cited</a> if they are both independently <i>cited by</i> one or more documents. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliographic_coupling&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The concept of bibliographic coupling was introduced by M. M. Kessler of <a href="/wiki/MIT" class="mw-redirect" title="MIT">MIT</a> in a paper published in 1963,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has been embraced in the work of the information scientist <a href="/wiki/Eugene_Garfield" title="Eugene Garfield">Eugene Garfield</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is one of the earliest citation analysis methods for document similarity computation and some have questioned its usefulness, pointing out that two works may reference completely unrelated subject matter in the third. Furthermore, bibliographic coupling is a retrospective similarity measure,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> meaning the information used to establish the similarity relationship between documents lies in the past and is static, i.e. bibliographic coupling strength cannot change over time, since outgoing citation counts are fixed. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Co-citation" title="Co-citation">co-citation analysis</a> approach introduced by Henry Small and published in 1973 addressed this shortcoming of bibliographic coupling by considering a document's incoming citations to assess similarity, a measure that can change over time. Additionally, the co-citation measure reflects the opinion of many authors and thus represents a better indicator of subject similarity.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1972 Robert Amsler published a paper<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> describing a measure for determining subject similarity between two documents by fusing bibliographic coupling and co-citation analysis.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1981 Howard White and Belver Griffith introduced author co-citation analysis (ACA).<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Not until 2008 did Dangzhi Zhao and Andreas Strotmann combine their work and that of M. M. Kessler to define author bibliographic coupling analysis (ABCA), noting that as long as authors are active this metric is not static and that it is particularly useful when combined with ACA.<sup id="cite_ref-DOI:_10.1002/asi.20910_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOI:_10.1002/asi.20910-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>More recently, in 2009, Gipp and Beel introduced a new approach termed <a href="/wiki/Co-citation_Proximity_Analysis" title="Co-citation Proximity Analysis">Co-citation Proximity Analysis</a> (CPA). CPA is based on the concept of co-citation, but represents a refinement to Small's measure in that CPA additionally considers the placement and proximity of citations within a document's full-text. The assumption is that citations in closer proximity are more likely to exhibit a stronger similarity relationship.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In summary, a chronological overview of citation analysis methods includes: </p> <ul><li>Bibliographic coupling (1963)</li> <li>Co-citation analysis (published 1973)</li> <li>Amsler measure (1972)</li> <li>Author co-citation analysis (1981)</li> <li>Author bibliographic coupling analysis (2008)</li> <li>Co-citation proximity analysis (CPA) (2009)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Applications">Applications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliographic_coupling&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Applications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Online sites that make use of bibliographic coupling include <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://liinwww.ira.uka.de/bibliography/">The Collection of Computer Science Bibliographies</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110607123538/http://liinwww.ira.uka.de/bibliography/">Archived</a> 2011-06-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/cs">CiteSeer.IST</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliographic_coupling&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Technical_Information_Project" title="Technical Information Project">Technical Information Project</a>, early exploration of the concept by Meyer Mike Kessler</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliographic_coupling&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMartyn1964" class="citation journal cs1">Martyn, J (1964). "Bibliographic coupling". <i>Journal of Documentation</i>. <b>20</b> (4): 236. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1108%2Feb026352">10.1108/eb026352</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Documentation&rft.atitle=Bibliographic+coupling&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=236&rft.date=1964&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1108%2Feb026352&rft.aulast=Martyn&rft.aufirst=J&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DOI:_10.1002/asi.20910-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DOI:_10.1002/asi.20910_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DOI:_10.1002/asi.20910_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFZhaoStrotmann2008" class="citation journal cs1">Zhao, D.; Strotmann, A. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fasi.20910">"Evolution of research activities and intellectual influences in information science 1996–2005: Introducing author bibliographic-coupling analysis"</a>. <i>Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology</i>. <b>59</b> (13): <span class="nowrap">2070–</span>2086. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fasi.20910">10.1002/asi.20910</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Information+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Evolution+of+research+activities+and+intellectual+influences+in+information+science+1996%E2%80%932005%3A+Introducing+author+bibliographic-coupling+analysis&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=13&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E2070-%3C%2Fspan%3E2086&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fasi.20910&rft.aulast=Zhao&rft.aufirst=D.&rft.au=Strotmann%2C+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1002%252Fasi.20910&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Bibliographic coupling between scientific papers," <i>American Documentation</i> 24 (1963), pp. 123-131.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See for example "Multiple Independent Discovery and Creativity in Science," <i>Current Contents</i>, Nov. 3, 1980, pp. 5-10, reprinted in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/essays.html">Essays of an Information Scientist</a>, vol. 4 (1979-80), pp. 660-665.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Garfield Eugene, 2001.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://garfield.library.upenn.edu/papers/drexelbelvergriffith92001.pdf"><i>From Bibliographic Coupling to Co-Citation Analysis via Algorithmic Historio-Bibliography</i></a> presented at Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry Small, 1973. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://polaris.gseis.ucla.edu/gleazer/296_readings/small.pdf">"Co-citation in the scientific literature: A new measure of the relationship between two documents"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121202085010/http://polaris.gseis.ucla.edu/gleazer/296_readings/small.pdf">Archived</a> 2012-12-02 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>Journal of the American Society for Information Science</i> (JASIS), volume 24(4), pp. 265-269. doi = 10.1002/asi.4630240406</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robert Amsler, Dec. 1972 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/works/OL12801639W/Applications_of_citation-based_automatic_classification?v=2">"Applications of citation-based automatic classification"</a>, Linguistics Research Center, University Texas at Austin, Technical Report 72-14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webla.sourceforge.net/javadocs/pt/tumba/links/Amsler.html">Class Amsler</a> written by Bruno Martins and developed by the XLDB group of the <i>Department of Informatics</i> of the <i>Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon</i> in Portugal</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWhiteGriffith1981" class="citation journal cs1">White, Howard D.; Griffith, Belver C. (1981). "Author Cocitation: A Literature Measure of Intellectual Structure". <i>Journal of the American Society for Information Science</i>. <b>32</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">163–</span>171. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fasi.4630320302">10.1002/asi.4630320302</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Information+Science&rft.atitle=Author+Cocitation%3A+A+Literature+Measure+of+Intellectual+Structure&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E163-%3C%2Fspan%3E171&rft.date=1981&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fasi.4630320302&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Howard+D.&rft.au=Griffith%2C+Belver+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bela Gipp and Joeran Beel, 2009 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gipp.com/wp-content/papercite-data/pdf/gipp09a.pdf">Citation Proximity Analysis (CPA) – <i>A new approach for identifying related work based on Co-Citation Analysis</i></a> in Proceedings of the 12th international conference on scientometrics and informetrics (issi’09), Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), 2009, pp. 571-575.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliographic_coupling&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Excessive_citations plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-citation_style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>may contain an <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_overkill" title="Wikipedia:Citation overkill">excessive number of citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_overkill#How_to_trim_excessive_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citation overkill">remove low-quality or irrelevant citations</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliographic_Coupling">Bibliographic Coupling</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliographic_coupling&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Bibliographic Coupling"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKessler1963" class="citation journal cs1">Kessler, M. M. (1963). "Bibliographic coupling between scientific papers". <i>American Documentation</i>. <b>14</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">10–</span>25. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fasi.5090140103">10.1002/asi.5090140103</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Documentation&rft.atitle=Bibliographic+coupling+between+scientific+papers&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E10-%3C%2Fspan%3E25&rft.date=1963&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fasi.5090140103&rft.aulast=Kessler&rft.aufirst=M.+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKessler1963" class="citation journal cs1">Kessler, M. M. (1963). "An experimental study of bibliographic coupling between technical papers". <i>IEEE Transactions on Information Theory</i>. <b>9</b> (1): 49. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2Ftit.1963.1057800">10.1109/tit.1963.1057800</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Transactions+on+Information+Theory&rft.atitle=An+experimental+study+of+bibliographic+coupling+between+technical+papers&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=49&rft.date=1963&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1109%2Ftit.1963.1057800&rft.aulast=Kessler&rft.aufirst=M.+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Author_Bibliographic_Coupling">Author Bibliographic Coupling</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliographic_coupling&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Author Bibliographic Coupling"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFZhaoStrotmann2008" class="citation journal cs1">Zhao, D.; Strotmann, A. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fasi.20910">"Evolution of research activities and intellectual influences in information science 1996–2005: Introducing author bibliographic-coupling analysis"</a>. <i>Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology</i>. <b>59</b> (13): <span class="nowrap">2070–</span>2086. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fasi.20910">10.1002/asi.20910</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Information+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Evolution+of+research+activities+and+intellectual+influences+in+information+science+1996%E2%80%932005%3A+Introducing+author+bibliographic-coupling+analysis&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=13&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E2070-%3C%2Fspan%3E2086&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fasi.20910&rft.aulast=Zhao&rft.aufirst=D.&rft.au=Strotmann%2C+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1002%252Fasi.20910&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Co-citation_analysis">Co-citation analysis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliographic_coupling&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Co-citation analysis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSmall1973" class="citation journal cs1">Small, Henry (1973). "Co-citation in the scientific literature: a new measure of the relationship between two documents". <i>Journal of the American Society for Information Science</i>. <b>24</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">265–</span>269. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fasi.4630240406">10.1002/asi.4630240406</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:17845928">17845928</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Information+Science&rft.atitle=Co-citation+in+the+scientific+literature%3A+a+new+measure+of+the+relationship+between+two+documents&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E265-%3C%2Fspan%3E269&rft.date=1973&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fasi.4630240406&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A17845928%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Small&rft.aufirst=Henry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSmallGriffith1974" class="citation journal cs1">Small, Henry; Griffith, B. C. (1974). "The structure of scientific literatures (I) Identifying and graphing specialties". <i>Science Studies</i>. <b>4</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">17–</span>40. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F030631277400400102">10.1177/030631277400400102</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:146684402">146684402</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+Studies&rft.atitle=The+structure+of+scientific+literatures+%28I%29+Identifying+and+graphing+specialties&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E17-%3C%2Fspan%3E40&rft.date=1974&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F030631277400400102&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A146684402%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Small&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft.au=Griffith%2C+B.+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGriffith1974" class="citation journal cs1">Griffith, B. C.; et al. (1974). "The structure of scientific literatures (II) Towards a macro- and micro-structure for science". <i>Science Studies</i>. <b>4</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">339–</span>365. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F030631277400400402">10.1177/030631277400400402</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145811357">145811357</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+Studies&rft.atitle=The+structure+of+scientific+literatures+%28II%29+Towards+a+macro-+and+micro-structure+for+science&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E339-%3C%2Fspan%3E365&rft.date=1974&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F030631277400400402&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145811357%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Griffith&rft.aufirst=B.+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCollins1974" class="citation journal cs1">Collins, H. M. (1974). "The TEA set: Tacit knowledge and scientific networks". <i>Science Studies</i>. <b>4</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">165–</span>186. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F030631277400400203">10.1177/030631277400400203</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:26917303">26917303</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+Studies&rft.atitle=The+TEA+set%3A+Tacit+knowledge+and+scientific+networks&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E165-%3C%2Fspan%3E186&rft.date=1974&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F030631277400400203&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A26917303%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=H.+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Co-citation_Proximity_Analysis_(CPA)"><span id="Co-citation_Proximity_Analysis_.28CPA.29"></span>Co-citation Proximity Analysis (<a href="/wiki/Co-citation_Proximity_Analysis" title="Co-citation Proximity Analysis">CPA</a>)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliographic_coupling&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Co-citation Proximity Analysis (CPA)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Bela Gipp, <i>(Co-)Citation Proximity Analysis – A Measure to Identify Related Work</i>, Feb., 2006. Doctoral Proposal, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vlba-lab.de">VLBA-Lab</a>, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Supervisor: Prof. Claus Rautenstrauch</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGippBeel2006" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Gipp, Bela; Beel, Joeran (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sciplore.org/wp-content/papercite-data/pdf/gipp09a.pdf">"Citation Proximity Analysis (CPA) – A New Approach for Identifying Related Work Based on Co-Citation Analysis"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Scientometrics and Informetrics (ISSI'09)</i>. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+12th+International+Conference+on+Scientometrics+and+Informetrics+%28ISSI%2709%29&rft.atitle=Citation+Proximity+Analysis+%28CPA%29+%E2%80%93+A+New+Approach+for+Identifying+Related+Work+Based+on+Co-Citation+Analysis&rft.volume=Rio+de+Janeiro%2C+Brazil%2C+2009&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Gipp&rft.aufirst=Bela&rft.au=Beel%2C+Joeran&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsciplore.org%2Fwp-content%2Fpapercite-data%2Fpdf%2Fgipp09a.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGippTaylorBeel2010" class="citation book cs1">Gipp, Bela; Taylor, Adriana; Beel, Joeran (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gipp.com/wp-content/papercite-data/pdf/gipp10b.pdf">"Link Proximity Analysis - Clustering Websites by Examining Link Proximity"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. In Lalmas M.; Jose J.; Rauber A.; Sebastiani F.; Frommholz I. (eds.). <i>Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries. ECDL 2010</i>. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 6273. Springer.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Link+Proximity+Analysis+-+Clustering+Websites+by+Examining+Link+Proximity&rft.btitle=Research+and+Advanced+Technology+for+Digital+Libraries.+ECDL+2010.&rft.series=Lecture+Notes+in+Computer+Science&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Gipp&rft.aufirst=Bela&rft.au=Taylor%2C+Adriana&rft.au=Beel%2C+Joeran&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gipp.com%2Fwp-content%2Fpapercite-data%2Fpdf%2Fgipp10b.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Author_Co-citation_Analysis_(ACA)"><span id="Author_Co-citation_Analysis_.28ACA.29"></span>Author Co-citation Analysis (ACA)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliographic_coupling&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Author Co-citation Analysis (ACA)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWhiteGriffith1981" class="citation journal cs1">White, H. D.; Griffith, B. C. (1981). "Author co-citation: a literature measure of intellectual structure". <i>Journal of the American Society for Information Science</i>. <b>32</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">163–</span>171. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fasi.4630320302">10.1002/asi.4630320302</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Information+Science&rft.atitle=Author+co-citation%3A+a+literature+measure+of+intellectual+structure&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E163-%3C%2Fspan%3E171&rft.date=1981&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fasi.4630320302&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=H.+D.&rft.au=Griffith%2C+B.+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcCain1986" class="citation journal cs1">McCain, K. W. (1986). "Co-cited author mapping as a valid representation of intellectual structure". <i>Journal of the American Society for Information Science</i>. <b>37</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">111–</span>122. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F%28sici%291097-4571%28198605%2937%3A3%3C111%3A%3Aaid-asi2%3E3.0.co%3B2-d">10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(198605)37:3<111::aid-asi2>3.0.co;2-d</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Information+Science&rft.atitle=Co-cited+author+mapping+as+a+valid+representation+of+intellectual+structure&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E111-%3C%2Fspan%3E122&rft.date=1986&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F%28sici%291097-4571%28198605%2937%3A3%3C111%3A%3Aaid-asi2%3E3.0.co%3B2-d&rft.aulast=McCain&rft.aufirst=K.+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCulnan1987" class="citation journal cs1">Culnan, M. J. (1987). "Mapping the intellectual structure of MIS, 1980-1985: A co-citation analysis". <i>MIS Quarterly</i>. <b>11</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">341–</span>353. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F248680">10.2307/248680</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/248680">248680</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MIS+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Mapping+the+intellectual+structure+of+MIS%2C+1980-1985%3A+A+co-citation+analysis&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E341-%3C%2Fspan%3E353&rft.date=1987&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F248680&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F248680%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Culnan&rft.aufirst=M.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcCain1990" class="citation journal cs1">McCain, K. W. (1990). "Mapping authors in intellectual space: a technical overview". <i>Journal of the American Society for Information Science</i>. <b>41</b> (6): <span class="nowrap">433–</span>443. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F%28sici%291097-4571%28199009%2941%3A6%3C433%3A%3Aaid-asi11%3E3.0.co%3B2-q">10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199009)41:6<433::aid-asi11>3.0.co;2-q</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Information+Science&rft.atitle=Mapping+authors+in+intellectual+space%3A+a+technical+overview&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E433-%3C%2Fspan%3E443&rft.date=1990&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F%28sici%291097-4571%28199009%2941%3A6%3C433%3A%3Aaid-asi11%3E3.0.co%3B2-q&rft.aulast=McCain&rft.aufirst=K.+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHoffmanHolbrook1993" class="citation journal cs1">Hoffman, D. L.; Holbrook, M. B. (1993). "The intellectual structure of consumer research: A bibliometrics study of author co-citations in the first 15 years of the journal of consumer research". <i>Journal of Consumer Research</i>. <b>19</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">505–</span>517. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F209319">10.1086/209319</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Consumer+Research&rft.atitle=The+intellectual+structure+of+consumer+research%3A+A+bibliometrics+study+of+author+co-citations+in+the+first+15+years+of+the+journal+of+consumer+research&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E505-%3C%2Fspan%3E517&rft.date=1993&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F209319&rft.aulast=Hoffman&rft.aufirst=D.+L.&rft.au=Holbrook%2C+M.+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEom1996" class="citation journal cs1">Eom, S. B. (1996). "Mapping the intellectual structure of research in decision support systems through author cocitation analysis (1971-1993)". <i>Decision Support Systems</i>. <b>16</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">315–</span>338. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0167-9236%2895%2900026-7">10.1016/0167-9236(95)00026-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Decision+Support+Systems&rft.atitle=Mapping+the+intellectual+structure+of+research+in+decision+support+systems+through+author+cocitation+analysis+%281971-1993%29&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E315-%3C%2Fspan%3E338&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2F0167-9236%2895%2900026-7&rft.aulast=Eom&rft.aufirst=S.+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citation_Studies_in_a_More_General_Context">Citation Studies in a More General Context</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliographic_coupling&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Citation Studies in a More General Context"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSmall1978" class="citation journal cs1">Small, Henry (1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/small/hsmallsocstudsciv8y1978.pdf">"Cited Documents as Concept Symbols"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Social Studies of Science</i>. <b>8</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">327–</span>340. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F030631277800800305">10.1177/030631277800800305</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145538259">145538259</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Social+Studies+of+Science&rft.atitle=Cited+Documents+as+Concept+Symbols&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E327-%3C%2Fspan%3E340&rft.date=1978&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F030631277800800305&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145538259%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Small&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.garfield.library.upenn.edu%2Fsmall%2Fhsmallsocstudsciv8y1978.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Henry Small (1982). "Citation context analysis." In: <a href="/wiki/Brenda_Dervin" title="Brenda Dervin">Brenda Dervin</a> and M. J. Voigt, eds., <i>Progress in Communication Sciences</i>, volume 3, pp. 287–310. Ablex Publishing, 1982.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBlairMaron1985" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Blair_(information_technologist)" class="mw-redirect" title="David Blair (information technologist)">Blair, David C.</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=M._E._Maron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="M. E. Maron (page does not exist)">Maron, M. E.</a> (1985). "An evaluation of retrieval effectiveness for a full-text document-retrieval system". <i>Communications of the ACM</i>. <b>28</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">289–</span>299. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F3166.3197">10.1145/3166.3197</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42%2F35415">2027.42/35415</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:5144091">5144091</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Communications+of+the+ACM&rft.atitle=An+evaluation+of+retrieval+effectiveness+for+a+full-text+document-retrieval+system&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E289-%3C%2Fspan%3E299&rft.date=1985&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027.42%2F35415&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A5144091%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1145%2F3166.3197&rft.aulast=Blair&rft.aufirst=David+C.&rft.au=Maron%2C+M.+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBrinPage1998" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Brin" title="Sergey Brin">Brin, Sergey</a>; <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Page" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrence Page">Page, Lawrence</a> (1998). "The anatomy of a large-scale hypertextual Web search engine". <i>Computer Networks and ISDN Systems</i>. <b>30</b> (<span class="nowrap">1–</span>7): <span class="nowrap">107–</span>117. <a href="/wiki/CiteSeerX_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="CiteSeerX (identifier)">CiteSeerX</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.115.5930">10.1.1.115.5930</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fs0169-7552%2898%2900110-x">10.1016/s0169-7552(98)00110-x</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:7587743">7587743</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computer+Networks+and+ISDN+Systems&rft.atitle=The+anatomy+of+a+large-scale+hypertextual+Web+search+engine&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1%E2%80%93%3C%2Fspan%3E7&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E107-%3C%2Fspan%3E117&rft.date=1998&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fsummary%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.115.5930%23id-name%3DCiteSeerX&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A7587743%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fs0169-7552%2898%2900110-x&rft.aulast=Brin&rft.aufirst=Sergey&rft.au=Page%2C+Lawrence&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHeCheung_Hui2002" class="citation journal cs1">He, Yulan; Cheung Hui, Siu (2002). "Mining a web citation database for author co-citation analysis". <i>Information Processing and Management</i>. <b>38</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">491–</span>508. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fs0306-4573%2801%2900046-2">10.1016/s0306-4573(01)00046-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Information+Processing+and+Management&rft.atitle=Mining+a+web+citation+database+for+author+co-citation+analysis&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E491-%3C%2Fspan%3E508&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fs0306-4573%2801%2900046-2&rft.aulast=He&rft.aufirst=Yulan&rft.au=Cheung+Hui%2C+Siu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBradshaw2003" class="citation book cs1">Bradshaw, Shannon (2003). "Reference Directed Indexing: Redeeming Relevance for Subject Search in Citation Indexes". <i>Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries</i>. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 2769. pp. <span class="nowrap">499–</span>510. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-540-45175-4_45">10.1007/978-3-540-45175-4_45</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-540-40726-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-540-40726-3"><bdi>978-3-540-40726-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Reference+Directed+Indexing%3A+Redeeming+Relevance+for+Subject+Search+in+Citation+Indexes&rft.btitle=Research+and+Advanced+Technology+for+Digital+Libraries&rft.series=Lecture+Notes+in+Computer+Science&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E499-%3C%2Fspan%3E510&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-3-540-45175-4_45&rft.isbn=978-3-540-40726-3&rft.aulast=Bradshaw&rft.aufirst=Shannon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRitchieTeufelRobertson2006" class="citation book cs1">Ritchie, Anna; Teufel, Simone; <a href="/wiki/Stephen_E._Robertson" class="mw-redirect" title="Stephen E. Robertson">Robertson, Stephen</a> (2006). "Creating a test collection for citation-based IR experiments". <i>Proceedings of the main conference on Human Language Technology Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association of Computational Linguistics -</i>. pp. <span class="nowrap">391–</span>398. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3115%2F1220835.1220885">10.3115/1220835.1220885</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:16879847">16879847</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Creating+a+test+collection+for+citation-based+IR+experiments&rft.btitle=Proceedings+of+the+main+conference+on+Human+Language+Technology+Conference+of+the+North+American+Chapter+of+the+Association+of+Computational+Linguistics+-&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E391-%3C%2Fspan%3E398&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3115%2F1220835.1220885&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A16879847%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Ritchie&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft.au=Teufel%2C+Simone&rft.au=Robertson%2C+Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFIwayamaFujiiKandoMarukawa2006" class="citation journal cs1">Iwayama, Makoto; Fujii, Atsushi; Kando, Noriko; Marukawa, Yozo (2006). "Evaluating patent retrieval in the third NTCIR workshop". <i>Information Processing and Management</i>. <b>42</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">207–</span>221. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ipm.2004.08.012">10.1016/j.ipm.2004.08.012</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Information+Processing+and+Management&rft.atitle=Evaluating+patent+retrieval+in+the+third+NTCIR+workshop&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E207-%3C%2Fspan%3E221&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.ipm.2004.08.012&rft.aulast=Iwayama&rft.aufirst=Makoto&rft.au=Fujii%2C+Atsushi&rft.au=Kando%2C+Noriko&rft.au=Marukawa%2C+Yozo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFujii2007" class="citation book cs1">Fujii, Atsushi (2007). "Enhancing patent retrieval by citation analysis". <i>Proceedings of the 30th Annual international ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval - SIGIR '07</i>. pp. <span class="nowrap">793–</span>794. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F1277741.1277912">10.1145/1277741.1277912</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781595935977" title="Special:BookSources/9781595935977"><bdi>9781595935977</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:12433507">12433507</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Enhancing+patent+retrieval+by+citation+analysis&rft.btitle=Proceedings+of+the+30th+Annual+international+ACM+SIGIR+Conference+on+Research+and+Development+in+Information+Retrieval+-+SIGIR+%2707&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E793-%3C%2Fspan%3E794&rft.date=2007&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A12433507%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1145%2F1277741.1277912&rft.isbn=9781595935977&rft.aulast=Fujii&rft.aufirst=Atsushi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFStrohmanCroftJensen2007" class="citation book cs1">Strohman, Trevor; Croft, W. Bruce; Jensen, David (2007). "Recommending citations for academic papers". <i>Proceedings of the 30th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval - SIGIR '07</i>. pp. <span class="nowrap">705–</span>706. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F1277741.1277868">10.1145/1277741.1277868</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781595935977" title="Special:BookSources/9781595935977"><bdi>9781595935977</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:11304924">11304924</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Recommending+citations+for+academic+papers&rft.btitle=Proceedings+of+the+30th+Annual+International+ACM+SIGIR+Conference+on+Research+and+Development+in+Information+Retrieval+-+SIGIR+%2707&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E705-%3C%2Fspan%3E706&rft.date=2007&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A11304924%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1145%2F1277741.1277868&rft.isbn=9781595935977&rft.aulast=Strohman&rft.aufirst=Trevor&rft.au=Croft%2C+W.+Bruce&rft.au=Jensen%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRitchieRobertsonTeufel2008" class="citation book cs1">Ritchie, Anna; Robertson, Stephen; Teufel, Simone (2008). "Comparing citation contexts for information retrieval". <i>Proceedings of the 17th ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Mining - CIKM '08</i>. pp. <span class="nowrap">213–</span>222. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F1458082.1458113">10.1145/1458082.1458113</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781595939913" title="Special:BookSources/9781595939913"><bdi>9781595939913</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:15585395">15585395</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Comparing+citation+contexts+for+information+retrieval&rft.btitle=Proceedings+of+the+17th+ACM+Conference+on+Information+and+Knowledge+Mining+-+CIKM+%2708&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E213-%3C%2Fspan%3E222&rft.date=2008&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A15585395%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1145%2F1458082.1458113&rft.isbn=9781595939913&rft.aulast=Ritchie&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft.au=Robertson%2C+Stephen&rft.au=Teufel%2C+Simone&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSchwarzerSchubotzMeuschkeBreitinger2016" class="citation book cs1">Schwarzer, Malte; Schubotz, Moritz; Meuschke, Norman; Breitinger, Corinna; <a href="/wiki/Volker_Markl" title="Volker Markl">Markl, Volker</a>; Gipp, Bela (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gipp.com/wp-content/papercite-data/pdf/schwarzer2016.pdf">"Evaluating Link-based Recommendations for Wikipedia"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:352-2-1unn74ajzyyz15"><i>Proceedings of the 16th ACM/IEEE-CS on Joint Conference on Digital Libraries - JCDL '16</i></a>. pp. <span class="nowrap">191–</span>200. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F2910896.2910908">10.1145/2910896.2910908</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781450342292" title="Special:BookSources/9781450342292"><bdi>9781450342292</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:2597308">2597308</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Evaluating+Link-based+Recommendations+for+Wikipedia&rft.btitle=Proceedings+of+the+16th+ACM%2FIEEE-CS+on+Joint+Conference+on+Digital+Libraries+-+JCDL+%2716&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E191-%3C%2Fspan%3E200&rft.date=2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A2597308%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1145%2F2910896.2910908&rft.isbn=9781450342292&rft.aulast=Schwarzer&rft.aufirst=Malte&rft.au=Schubotz%2C+Moritz&rft.au=Meuschke%2C+Norman&rft.au=Breitinger%2C+Corinna&rft.au=Markl%2C+Volker&rft.au=Gipp%2C+Bela&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gipp.com%2Fwp-content%2Fpapercite-data%2Fpdf%2Fschwarzer2016.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliographic_coupling&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For an interesting summary of the progression of the study of citations see.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The paper is more a memoir than a research paper, filled with decisions, research expectations, interests and motivations—including the story of how Henry Small approached Belver Griffith with the idea of co-citation and they became collaborators, mapping science as a whole. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliographic_coupling&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isg.uni-konstanz.de/projects/citrec/">CITREC</a>, an evaluation framework for citation-based similarity measures including Bibliographic Coupling, <a href="/wiki/Co-citation" title="Co-citation">Co-citation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Co-citation_Proximity_Analysis" title="Co-citation Proximity Analysis">Co-citation Proximity Analysis</a> and others.<sup id="cite_ref-Gipp_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gipp-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Jeppe Nicolaisen, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120315074624/http://www.iva.dk/bh/Core%20Concepts%20in%20LIS/articles%20a-z/Bibliographic%20coupling.htm">Bibliographic coupling</a> in Birger Hjørland, ed., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226041700/http://www.iva.dk/bh/Core%20Concepts%20in%20LIS/home.htm">Core Concepts in Library and Information Science</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acknowledgment_index" title="Acknowledgment index">Acknowledgment index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altmetrics" title="Altmetrics">Altmetrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Article-level_metrics" title="Article-level metrics">Article-level metrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Author-level_metrics" title="Author-level metrics">Author-level metrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliometrics" title="Bibliometrics">Bibliometrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Composite_index_(metrics)" title="Composite index (metrics)">C-score</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journal_ranking" title="Journal ranking">Journal ranking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eigenfactor" title="Eigenfactor">Eigenfactor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G-index" title="G-index">g-index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H-index" title="H-index"><i>h</i>-index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_factor" title="Impact factor">Impact factor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_academic_publishers" title="Rankings of academic publishers">Rankings of academic publishers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science-wide_author_databases_of_standardized_citation_indicators" title="Science-wide author databases of standardized citation indicators">Science-wide author databases of standardized citation indicators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientometrics" title="Scientometrics">Scientometrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SCImago_Journal_Rank" title="SCImago Journal Rank">SCImago Journal Rank</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reform and access</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_journal_publishing_reform" title="Academic journal publishing reform">Academic journal publishing reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="Open access">Open access</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Open_access_citation_advantage" title="Open access citation advantage">Citation advantage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serials_crisis" title="Serials crisis">Serials crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub">Sci-Hub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICanHazPDF" title="ICanHazPDF">#ICanHazPDF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Versioning</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Preprint" title="Preprint">Preprint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postprint" title="Postprint">Postprint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Version_of_record" title="Version of record">Version of record</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erratum" title="Erratum">Erratum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retraction_in_academic_publishing" title="Retraction in academic publishing">Retraction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Citation_index" title="Citation index">Indexes and search engines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Scholar" title="Google Scholar">Google Scholar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMiner_(database)" title="AMiner (database)">AMiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BASE_(search_engine)" title="BASE (search engine)">BASE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CORE_(research_service)" title="CORE (research service)">CORE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar">Semantic Scholar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scopus" title="Scopus">Scopus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_of_Science" title="Web of Science">Web of Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paperity" title="Paperity">Paperity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenAlex" title="OpenAlex">OpenAlex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_Copernicus" title="Index Copernicus">Index Copernicus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ERIH_PLUS" title="ERIH PLUS">ERIH PLUS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherpa_Romeo" class="mw-redirect" title="Sherpa Romeo">Sherpa Romeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenAIRE" class="mw-redirect" title="OpenAIRE">OpenAIRE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GALE" class="mw-redirect" title="GALE">GALE</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imprint_(trade_name)" title="Imprint (trade name)">Imprint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_writing" title="Scientific writing">Scientific writing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peer_review" title="Peer review">Peer review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scholarly_communication" title="Scholarly communication">Scholarly communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_literature" title="Scientific literature">Scientific literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Learned_society" title="Learned society">Learned society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_research" title="Open research">Open research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_scientific_data" title="Open scientific data">Open scientific data</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ORCID" title="ORCID">ORCID</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_publishing" title="Electronic publishing">Electronic publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingelfinger_rule" title="Ingelfinger rule">Ingelfinger rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Least_publishable_unit" title="Least publishable unit">Least publishable unit</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Publish_or_perish" title="Publish or perish">Publish or perish</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_academic_databases_and_search_engines" title="List of academic databases and search engines">Academic databases and search engines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_academic_journals" title="Lists of academic journals">Academic journals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Academic_publishing" title="Category:Academic publishing">Category:Academic publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copyright_policies_of_academic_publishers" title="Copyright policies of academic publishers">Copyright policies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highly_Cited_Researchers" title="Highly Cited Researchers">Highly Cited Researchers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_open-access_journals" title="List of open-access journals">Open-access journals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_academic_publishers_by_preprint_policy" title="List of academic publishers by preprint policy">Preprint policies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Scientific_documents" title="Category:Scientific documents">Category:Scientific documents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_scientific_journals" title="List of scientific journals">Scientific journals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_style_guides#Academic" title="List of style guides">Style/formatting guides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_university_presses" title="List of university presses">University presses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSmall2001" class="citation journal cs1">Small, Henry (2001). "Belver and Henry". <i>Scientometrics</i>. <b>51</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">489–</span>497. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1023%2Fa%3A1019690918490">10.1023/a:1019690918490</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:5962665">5962665</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientometrics&rft.atitle=Belver+and+Henry&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E489-%3C%2Fspan%3E497&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1023%2Fa%3A1019690918490&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A5962665%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Small&rft.aufirst=Henry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliographic+coupling" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gipp-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gipp_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bela Gipp, Norman Meuschke & Mario Lipinski, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gipp.com/wp-content/papercite-data/pdf/gipp15b.pdf">"CITREC: An Evaluation Framework for Citation-Based Similarity Measures based on TREC Genomics and PubMed Central"</a> in Proceedings of the iConference 2015, Newport Beach, California, 2015.</span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bibliographic_coupling&oldid=1268668747">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bibliographic_coupling&oldid=1268668747</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Citation_metrics" title="Category:Citation metrics">Citation metrics</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_references_cleanup_from_January_2019" title="Category:Wikipedia references cleanup from January 2019">Wikipedia references cleanup from January 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_references_cleanup" title="Category:All articles needing references cleanup">All articles needing references cleanup</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_covered_by_WikiProject_Wikify_from_January_2019" title="Category:Articles covered by WikiProject Wikify from January 2019">Articles covered by WikiProject Wikify from January 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_covered_by_WikiProject_Wikify" title="Category:All articles covered by WikiProject Wikify">All articles covered by WikiProject Wikify</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1:_long_volume_value" title="Category:CS1: long volume value">CS1: long volume value</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 10 January 2025, at 23:14<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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