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class="label">Followers</p><p class="data">5</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followees" data-broccoli-component="user-info.followees-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-following"><p class="label">Following</p><p class="data">1</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-coauthors" data-broccoli-component="user-info.coauthors-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-coauthors"><p class="label">Co-author</p><p class="data">1</p></div></a><span><div class="stat-container"><p class="label"><span class="js-profile-total-view-text">Public Views</span></p><p class="data"><span class="js-profile-view-count"></span></p></div></span></div><div class="ri-section"><div class="ri-section-header"><span>Interests</span></div><div class="ri-tags-container"><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44521515" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mental_Health"><div 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data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-b8030dfa-22c3-4214-b6a8-136a4533b46a"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-b8030dfa-22c3-4214-b6a8-136a4533b46a"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44521515" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Cognitive Science"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-fb1b6787-c28b-48ea-8d90-2241cc35d245"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-fb1b6787-c28b-48ea-8d90-2241cc35d245"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44521515" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Anthropology"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-4b2b6545-db1a-4f37-9078-16347997e090"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-4b2b6545-db1a-4f37-9078-16347997e090"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44521515" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Psychology"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-dad5235a-2d6e-4989-83a0-2e81a9d5ffc9"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-dad5235a-2d6e-4989-83a0-2e81a9d5ffc9"></div> </a></div></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by J. Pead</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="22952985"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/22952985/ABMA_expresses_its_gratitude_to_the_following_people_that_have_so_generously_contributed_their_time_and_expertise_to_the_review_of_manuscripts_submitted_to_Behaviour_Change"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of ABMA expresses its gratitude to the following people that have so generously contributed their time and expertise to the review of manuscripts submitted to Behaviour Change" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/22952985/ABMA_expresses_its_gratitude_to_the_following_people_that_have_so_generously_contributed_their_time_and_expertise_to_the_review_of_manuscripts_submitted_to_Behaviour_Change">ABMA expresses its gratitude to the following people that have so generously contributed their time and expertise to the review of manuscripts submitted to Behaviour Change</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22952985"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22952985"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22952985; 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Pead","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JPead"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="22952983"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/22952983/Factorial_Invariance_for_Combined_Wechsler_Adult_Intelligence_Scale_Revised_and_Wechsler_Memory_Scale_Revised_Scores_in_a_Sample_of_Clients_With_Alcohol_Dependency_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Factorial Invariance for Combined Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised and Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised Scores in a Sample of Clients With Alcohol Dependency*" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/22952983/Factorial_Invariance_for_Combined_Wechsler_Adult_Intelligence_Scale_Revised_and_Wechsler_Memory_Scale_Revised_Scores_in_a_Sample_of_Clients_With_Alcohol_Dependency_">Factorial Invariance for Combined Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised and Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised Scores in a Sample of Clients With Alcohol Dependency*</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Clinical Neuropsychologist (Neuropsychology, Development and Cognition: Section D)</span><span>, 2001</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This study examined the joint factor structure of the WAIS-R and WMS-R in a sample of 289 partici...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This study examined the joint factor structure of the WAIS-R and WMS-R in a sample of 289 participants (mostly males) with alcohol dependency. In a confirmatory phase we contrasted a range of factor models derived from previous analyses of the Wechsler scales. The best fitting model incorporated five factors representing Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Organization, Attention-Concentration, Verbal Memory, and Visual Memory, with reassignment of factor loadings for two subtests. The invariance of the measurement model was then examined comparing data from a large sample of healthy participants (J. R. Carstairs &amp;amp; E. A. Shores, 1999). The results indicated that the number of factors was invariant across samples, and four of the factors satisfied the criterion of partial measurement invariance.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22952983"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22952983"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22952983; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22952983]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22952983]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22952983; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='22952983']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22952983, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=22952983]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":22952983,"title":"Factorial Invariance for Combined Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised and Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised Scores in a Sample of Clients With Alcohol Dependency*","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This study examined the joint factor structure of the WAIS-R and WMS-R in a sample of 289 participants (mostly males) with alcohol dependency. 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The results indicated that the number of factors was invariant across samples, and four of the factors satisfied the criterion of partial measurement invariance.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2001,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"The Clinical Neuropsychologist (Neuropsychology, Development and Cognition: Section D)"},"translated_abstract":"This study examined the joint factor structure of the WAIS-R and WMS-R in a sample of 289 participants (mostly males) with alcohol dependency. In a confirmatory phase we contrasted a range of factor models derived from previous analyses of the Wechsler scales. The best fitting model incorporated five factors representing Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Organization, Attention-Concentration, Verbal Memory, and Visual Memory, with reassignment of factor loadings for two subtests. The invariance of the measurement model was then examined comparing data from a large sample of healthy participants (J. R. Carstairs \u0026amp;amp; E. A. Shores, 1999). The results indicated that the number of factors was invariant across samples, and four of the factors satisfied the criterion of partial measurement invariance.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22952983/Factorial_Invariance_for_Combined_Wechsler_Adult_Intelligence_Scale_Revised_and_Wechsler_Memory_Scale_Revised_Scores_in_a_Sample_of_Clients_With_Alcohol_Dependency_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-03-07T14:09:05.303-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":44521515,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Factorial_Invariance_for_Combined_Wechsler_Adult_Intelligence_Scale_Revised_and_Wechsler_Memory_Scale_Revised_Scores_in_a_Sample_of_Clients_With_Alcohol_Dependency_","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":44521515,"first_name":"J.","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Pead","page_name":"JPead","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-03-05T15:33:47.294-08:00","display_name":"J. 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Current clinical practices and programme characteristics are reviewed and policy issues regarding the role of methadone are considered, especially within the context of containing the spread of HIV infection. These issues are discussed in relation to empirical outcome studies, local prescribing trends and clinical case material. The authors conclude that there is an urgent need for: (1) an evaluation of the outcome of private practitioner methadone dispensation versus comprehensive agency-based therapy; (2) the accreditation of staff in all programmes incorporating methadone; and (3) the development of monitoring mechanisms, including on-site clinical audits of programmes.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22952982"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22952982"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22952982; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22952982]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22952982]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22952982; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='22952982']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22952982, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=22952982]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":22952982,"title":"Methadone: old problems for new programmes","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The present paper is concerned with factors which compromise the effective delivery of programmes incorporating methadone. 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The authors conclude that there is an urgent need for: (1) an evaluation of the outcome of private practitioner methadone dispensation versus comprehensive agency-based therapy; (2) the accreditation of staff in all programmes incorporating methadone; and (3) the development of monitoring mechanisms, including on-site clinical audits of programmes.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22952982/Methadone_old_problems_for_new_programmes","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-03-07T14:09:05.179-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":44521515,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Methadone_old_problems_for_new_programmes","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":44521515,"first_name":"J.","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Pead","page_name":"JPead","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-03-05T15:33:47.294-08:00","display_name":"J. 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Changes in craving for alcohol following imagery instruction, measured by cognitive and physiological indices, have not been demonstrated. Furthermore, the influence of different imagery script content has not been investigated. This study compared levels of craving elicited, measured by self-report and salivation, under control and imagery conditions, in subjects receiving treatment for alcohol dependence. Imagery script content was varied across three levels. Participants generally reported forming good quality images with strong affective components. Significant effects of imagery treatment were found for changes in self-reported craving levels, but not for the salivation measure. Significant decay in levels of self-reported craving was also observed. No differences in effectiveness between the three script types were discovered. Implications of the results for therapy approaches such as cue exposure are considered.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22952980"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22952980"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22952980; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22952980]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22952980]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22952980; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='22952980']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22952980, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=22952980]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":22952980,"title":"Imagery and craving in alcohol dependent persons","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"There is limited evidence supporting the effectiveness of imagery techniques in exposure-based treatments for alcohol dependence. 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Significant effects of imagery treatment were found for changes in self-reported craving levels, but not for the salivation measure. Significant decay in levels of self-reported craving was also observed. No differences in effectiveness between the three script types were discovered. 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The SAmDQ was adapted from the Severity of Opiate and Alcohol Dependence Questionnaires (SODQ \u0026amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp; SADQ). The structural characteristics of the SAmDQ were examined and compared with previous findings reported on samples of opiate addicts with the SODQ. A high degree of consistency was found between the results obtained with the SAmDQ and previous findings with the SODQ. The relationship between the SAmDQ and the Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS) was also examined. The findings suggest that further development of amphetamine dependence measurement is required.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1993,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Addiction"},"translated_abstract":"A Severity of Amphetamine Dependence Questionnaire (SAmDQ) was administered to 101 subjects attending an Australian drug dependency treatment centre. 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The findings suggest that further development of amphetamine dependence measurement is required.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22952971/Measurement_of_the_severity_of_amphetamine_dependence","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-03-07T14:09:04.326-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":44521515,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Measurement_of_the_severity_of_amphetamine_dependence","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":44521515,"first_name":"J.","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Pead","page_name":"JPead","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-03-05T15:33:47.294-08:00","display_name":"J. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="4759127" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="22952985"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/22952985/ABMA_expresses_its_gratitude_to_the_following_people_that_have_so_generously_contributed_their_time_and_expertise_to_the_review_of_manuscripts_submitted_to_Behaviour_Change"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of ABMA expresses its gratitude to the following people that have so generously contributed their time and expertise to the review of manuscripts submitted to Behaviour Change" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/22952985/ABMA_expresses_its_gratitude_to_the_following_people_that_have_so_generously_contributed_their_time_and_expertise_to_the_review_of_manuscripts_submitted_to_Behaviour_Change">ABMA expresses its gratitude to the following people that have so generously contributed their time and expertise to the review of manuscripts submitted to Behaviour Change</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22952985"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22952985"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22952985; 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In a confirmatory phase we contrasted a range of factor models derived from previous analyses of the Wechsler scales. The best fitting model incorporated five factors representing Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Organization, Attention-Concentration, Verbal Memory, and Visual Memory, with reassignment of factor loadings for two subtests. The invariance of the measurement model was then examined comparing data from a large sample of healthy participants (J. R. Carstairs &amp;amp; E. A. Shores, 1999). The results indicated that the number of factors was invariant across samples, and four of the factors satisfied the criterion of partial measurement invariance.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22952983"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22952983"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22952983; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22952983]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22952983]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22952983; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='22952983']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22952983, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=22952983]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":22952983,"title":"Factorial Invariance for Combined Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised and Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised Scores in a Sample of Clients With Alcohol Dependency*","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This study examined the joint factor structure of the WAIS-R and WMS-R in a sample of 289 participants (mostly males) with alcohol dependency. 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Current clinical practices and programme characteristics are reviewed and policy issues regarding the role of methadone are considered, especially within the context of containing the spread of HIV infection. These issues are discussed in relation to empirical outcome studies, local prescribing trends and clinical case material. The authors conclude that there is an urgent need for: (1) an evaluation of the outcome of private practitioner methadone dispensation versus comprehensive agency-based therapy; (2) the accreditation of staff in all programmes incorporating methadone; and (3) the development of monitoring mechanisms, including on-site clinical audits of programmes.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22952982"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22952982"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22952982; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22952982]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22952982]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22952982; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='22952982']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22952982, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=22952982]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":22952982,"title":"Methadone: old problems for new programmes","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The present paper is concerned with factors which compromise the effective delivery of programmes incorporating methadone. 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The authors conclude that there is an urgent need for: (1) an evaluation of the outcome of private practitioner methadone dispensation versus comprehensive agency-based therapy; (2) the accreditation of staff in all programmes incorporating methadone; and (3) the development of monitoring mechanisms, including on-site clinical audits of programmes.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22952982/Methadone_old_problems_for_new_programmes","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-03-07T14:09:05.179-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":44521515,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Methadone_old_problems_for_new_programmes","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":44521515,"first_name":"J.","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Pead","page_name":"JPead","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-03-05T15:33:47.294-08:00","display_name":"J. 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Changes in craving for alcohol following imagery instruction, measured by cognitive and physiological indices, have not been demonstrated. Furthermore, the influence of different imagery script content has not been investigated. This study compared levels of craving elicited, measured by self-report and salivation, under control and imagery conditions, in subjects receiving treatment for alcohol dependence. Imagery script content was varied across three levels. Participants generally reported forming good quality images with strong affective components. Significant effects of imagery treatment were found for changes in self-reported craving levels, but not for the salivation measure. Significant decay in levels of self-reported craving was also observed. No differences in effectiveness between the three script types were discovered. Implications of the results for therapy approaches such as cue exposure are considered.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22952980"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22952980"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22952980; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22952980]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22952980]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22952980; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='22952980']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22952980, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=22952980]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":22952980,"title":"Imagery and craving in alcohol dependent persons","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"There is limited evidence supporting the effectiveness of imagery techniques in exposure-based treatments for alcohol dependence. 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The findings suggest that further development of amphetamine dependence measurement is required.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22952971/Measurement_of_the_severity_of_amphetamine_dependence","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-03-07T14:09:04.326-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":44521515,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Measurement_of_the_severity_of_amphetamine_dependence","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":44521515,"first_name":"J.","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Pead","page_name":"JPead","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-03-05T15:33:47.294-08:00","display_name":"J. 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