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Nutrients | An Open Access Journal from MDPI
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data-orbit> <li > <a href="/2072-6643/16/16/2765"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/title_story/title_story_1730277520864.jpg?1732286508" alt="Egg Consumption and 4-Year Change in Cognitive Function in Older Men and Women" /> <div class="orbit-caption"> Egg Consumption and 4-Year Change in Cognitive Function in Older Men and Women </div> </a> </li> <li class="hidden"> <a href="/2072-6643/16/17/2878"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/title_story/title_story_17302774643308.jpg?1732286508" alt="Molecular Mechanisms of Healthy Aging: The Role of Dietary Interventions" /> <div class="orbit-caption"> Molecular Mechanisms of Healthy Aging: The Role of Dietary Interventions </div> </a> </li> <li class="hidden"> <a href="/2072-6643/16/16/2772"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/title_story/title_story_17302770528071.jpg?1732286508" alt="Creatine Improves Sleep Following Resistance Training Days Among Naturally Menstruating Females" /> <div class="orbit-caption"> Creatine Improves Sleep Following Resistance Training Days Among Naturally Menstruating Females </div> </a> </li> <li class="hidden"> <a href="/2072-6643/16/16/2673"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/title_story/title_story_173027698181.jpg?1732286508" alt="Personalized Nutrition: Tailoring Diets with Genetic Insight" /> <div class="orbit-caption"> Personalized Nutrition: Tailoring Diets with Genetic Insight </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="content__container"> <div class="custom-accordion-for-small-screen-link show-for-small-only"> <h2 class="no-padding-left no-margin">Journal Description</h2> </div> <div class="custom-accordion-for-small-screen-content show-for-medium-up"> <div class="journal__description"> <h1> <em>Nutrients</em> </h1> <div class="journal__description__content"> <em>Nutrients</em> is an international, <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/editorial_process">peer-reviewed</a>, open access journal of human nutrition published semimonthly online by MDPI. <a href="https://www.apnno.com/">The Asia Pacific Nutrigenomics Nutrigenetics Organisation (APNNO)</a>, <a href="http://www.sigenp.org/">Italian Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (SIGENP)</a>, <a href="http://www.nutritionsociety.ac.nz/">Nutrition Society of New Zealand (NSNZ)</a>, <a href="https://ocularnutritionsociety.org/">Ocular Wellness & Nutrition Society (OWNS)</a> and <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrients/societies">others</a> are affiliated with <em>Nutrients</em> and their members receive a discount on article processing charges.<br /> <ul> <li><strong><span class="label openaccess"><a title="Open Access" href="https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess">Open Access</a></span></strong>— free for readers, with <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrients/apc">article processing charges (APC)</a> paid by authors or their institutions.</li> <li><strong>High Visibility:</strong> indexed within <a 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Dietetics</em>) / CiteScore - Q1 (</em>Food Science</em>)</li> <li><strong>Rapid Publication:</strong> manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision is provided to authors approximately 17.5 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 2.5 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the first half of 2024).</li> <li><strong>Recognition of Reviewers:</strong> reviewers who provide timely, thorough peer-review reports receive vouchers entitling them to a discount on the APC of their next publication in any MDPI journal, in appreciation of the work done.</li> <li><strong>Companion journal: </strong><em><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/journal/dietetics">Dietetics</a></em></li> </ul> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 15px;"> <strong>Impact Factor:</strong> 4.8 (2023); 5-Year Impact Factor: 5.8 (2023) </div> <div> <a href="/journal/nutrients/imprint" class="UI_JournalImprintsInfoButton"> <i class="material-icons spaced-link">subject</i> Imprint Information </a> <a href="/journal/nutrients/nutrients_flyer.pdf" class="UD_JournalFlyer"> <i class="material-icons spaced-link">get_app</i> Journal Flyer </a> <a class="oa-link" href="https://www.mdpi.com/about/openaccess"> <i class="material icons spaced-link"></i> Open Access </a> <strong> ISSN: 2072-6643 </strong> </div> <div style="clear: both;"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content__container content__container--overflow-initial"> <div class="custom-accordion-for-small-screen-link active"> <h2 class="no-padding-left">Latest Articles</h2> </div> <div class="custom-accordion-for-small-screen-content"> <div class="expanding-div collapsed"> <div class="generic-item article-item no-border"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 15 pages, 659 KiB </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/4005/pdf?version=1732290725" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Enhancing the Impact of Individualized Nutrition Therapy with Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring Feedback in Overweight and Obese Individuals with Prediabetes" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/23/4005">Enhancing the Impact of Individualized Nutrition Therapy with Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring Feedback in Overweight and Obese Individuals with Prediabetes</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Raedeh Basiri</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lawrence J. Cheskin</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 4005; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16234005">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16234005</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background/Objectives: prediabetes is a significant risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, and other complications. Early diagnosis of prediabetes, coupled with education on lifestyle changes that support blood glucose management, are crucial for the prevention or <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/4005/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background/Objectives: prediabetes is a significant risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, and other complications. Early diagnosis of prediabetes, coupled with education on lifestyle changes that support blood glucose management, are crucial for the prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes and related complications. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of incorporating real-time feedback from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) into individualized nutrition therapy (INT) on blood glucose control in individuals with prediabetes who are overweight or obese. Methods: participants (mean age ± SD: 55 ± 6 years; BMI: 31.1 ± 4.1 kg/m²) were randomly assigned to either the treatment group (<i>n</i> = 15) or the control group (<i>n</i> = 15). Both groups received INT and CGM, but the control group was blinded to the CGM data until the end of this study. Participants were followed for 30 days and visited the lab every 10 days for CGM replacement, study measurements, and dietary consultations. Results: the treatment group showed a significant increase in the percentage of time spent in the target blood glucose range (<i>p </i>= 0.02) and a significant decrease in the mean blood glucose concentration (<i>p </i>< 0.05), glucose management indicator (<i>p </i>= 0.02), percent coefficient of variation for blood glucose (<i>p </i>= 0.01), and percent time spent in the high or very high blood glucose ranges (<i>p</i>= 0.04). These changes were not statistically significant for the control group. Conclusions: adding CGM feedback to INT resulted in better management of blood glucose levels in overweight or obese individuals with prediabetes. <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/4005">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/VNMPO9L4OJ ">Nutrition Intervention in Glycaemic Control and Diabetes</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="extending-content content-ready"> <div class="expanding-div collapsed"> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 17 pages, 686 KiB </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/4004/pdf?version=1732289560" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Estimated Dietary Intakes of Vitamin A5" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/23/4004">Estimated Dietary Intakes of Vitamin A5</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Torsten Bohn</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Marta Despotovic</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Farhad Vahid</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ralph Rühl</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 4004; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16234004">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16234004</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background: A new vitamin concept, termed vitamin A5, an umbrella term for vitamin A derivatives being direct nutritional precursors for 9-<i>cis</i>-13,14-dihydroretinoic acid and further induction of RXR-signaling, was recently identified with global importance for mental health and healthy brain and nerve <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/4004/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background: A new vitamin concept, termed vitamin A5, an umbrella term for vitamin A derivatives being direct nutritional precursors for 9-<i>cis</i>-13,14-dihydroretinoic acid and further induction of RXR-signaling, was recently identified with global importance for mental health and healthy brain and nerve functions. Dietary recommendations in the range of 1.1 (0.5–1.8) mg vitamin A5 / day were suggested by an international expert consortium. The ensuing question arises as to the current daily dietary intake amounts in Western civilization. Methods: Addressing this answer included calculating the intake based on known amounts of vitamin A5 in frequently consumed food items of the human diet that are high in this vitamin, as well as the known daily dietary intake amounts of those selected food components in Westernized countries. Results: Regarding food items, amounts of vitamin A5 in the form of provitamin A5 (i.e., 9-<i>cis</i>-beta-carotene (9CBC)), the predominant form in the diet, were found to range from 0.1 to 39 µg 9CBC / g for individual fruits and vegetables, with the highest concentrations being in leafy vegetables. The average intake amounts of vitamin A5 in adults of the general population following a Western lifestyle in Europe averaged 0.9, with a range from 0.5 (for Austria) to 1.3 (for Italy) mg 9CBC/day. Furthermore, based on our calculations, large parts, i.e., approximately two-thirds, of the population are low, even too low (<1.1 mg/day), in daily vitamin A5 intake. Conclusion: In addition to the importance of nudging the population toward a regrettably non-well-accepted higher intake of fruits and vegetables, an additional fortification and supplementation of vitamin A5 could be considered, similar to other micronutrients that are low in a Westernized diet. <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/4004">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Micronutrients_Human_Health">Micronutrients and Human Health</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="expanding-div collapsed"> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 24 pages, 1067 KiB </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/4003/pdf?version=1732289217" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Relationship Between Dietary Nutrient Intake and Autophagy—Related Genes in Obese Humans: A Narrative Review" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/23/4003">Relationship Between Dietary Nutrient Intake and Autophagy—Related Genes in Obese Humans: A Narrative Review</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Martyna Bednarczyk</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nicola Dąbrowska-Szeja</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Dariusz Łętowski</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sylwia Dzięgielewska-Gęsiak</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Dariusz Waniczek</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Małgorzata Muc-Wierzgoń</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 4003; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16234003">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16234003</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Obesity is one of the world’s major public health challenges. Its pathogenesis and comorbid metabolic disorders share common mechanisms, such as mitochondrial or endoplasmic reticulum dysfunction or oxidative stress, gut dysbiosis, chronic inflammation and altered autophagy. Numerous pro-autophagy dietary interventions are being investigated <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/4003/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Obesity is one of the world’s major public health challenges. Its pathogenesis and comorbid metabolic disorders share common mechanisms, such as mitochondrial or endoplasmic reticulum dysfunction or oxidative stress, gut dysbiosis, chronic inflammation and altered autophagy. Numerous pro-autophagy dietary interventions are being investigated for their potential obesity-preventing or therapeutic effects. We summarize current data on the relationship between autophagy and obesity, and discuss various dietary interventions as regulators of autophagy-related genes in the prevention and ultimate treatment of obesity in humans, as available in scientific databases and published through July 2024. Lifestyle modifications (such as calorie restriction, intermittent fasting, physical exercise), including following a diet rich in flavonoids, antioxidants, specific fatty acids, specific amino acids and others, have shown a beneficial role in the induction of this process. The activation of autophagy through various nutritional interventions tends to elicit a consistent response, characterized by the induction of certain kinases (including AMPK, IKK, JNK1, TAK1, ULK1, and VPS34) or the suppression of others (like mTORC1), the deacetylation of proteins, and the alleviation of inhibitory interactions between BECN1 and members of the Bcl-2 family. Significant health/translational properties of many nutrients (nutraceuticals) can affect chronic disease risk through various mechanisms that include the activation or inhibition of autophagy. The role of nutritional intervention in the regulation of autophagy in obesity and its comorbidities is not yet clear, especially in obese individuals. <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/4003">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Nutrigenetics_Nutrigenomics">Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="expanding-div collapsed"> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 13 pages, 290 KiB </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/4002/pdf?version=1732288417" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Does the Ketogenic Diet Mediate Inflammation Markers in Obese and Overweight Adults? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Systematic Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/23/4002">Does the Ketogenic Diet Mediate Inflammation Markers in Obese and Overweight Adults? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mariangela Rondanelli</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Clara Gasparri</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Martina Pirola</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Gaetan Claude Barrile</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Alessia Moroni</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ignacio Sajoux</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Simone Perna</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 4002; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16234002">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16234002</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> <b>Background/Objectives</b><b>. </b>The ketogenic diet has emerged as a potential treatment strategy for reducing inflammation. The purpose of this meta-analysis and systematic review is to look into how a ketogenic diet affects inflammatory biomarkers in persons who are overweight or obese. <b>Methods</b>. <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/4002/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> <b>Background/Objectives</b><b>. </b>The ketogenic diet has emerged as a potential treatment strategy for reducing inflammation. The purpose of this meta-analysis and systematic review is to look into how a ketogenic diet affects inflammatory biomarkers in persons who are overweight or obese. <b>Methods</b>. We conducted an extensive search of Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar to find pertinent studies reporting changes in inflammatory biomarkers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and cytokines after a ketogenic diet. <b>Results. </b>Seven randomized controlled trials involving 218 overweight or obese individuals who followed a ketogenic or control diet over 8 weeks to 2 years were included in the review, and five of those were considered for the meta-analysis. The primary outcomes were CRP and IL-6 levels. The results reported significant decreases after treatment for CRP (mean of −0.62 mg/dL (95% CI: −0.84, −0,40), and a slight, but not statistically significant, reduction in IL-6 (mean of −1.31 pg/mL (95% CI: −2.86, 0.25). <b>Conclusions</b>. The ketogenic diet could contribute to modulating inflammation in obese and overweight subjects. <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/4002">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/P7DV3045XE ">Clinical Impact of Ketogenic Diet</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="expanding-div collapsed"> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 10 pages, 1088 KiB </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/4001/pdf?version=1732282509" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Keto Analogues in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease with or Without Kidney Transplantation" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/23/4001">Keto Analogues in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease with or Without Kidney Transplantation</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Patrícia Kleinová</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tímea Blichová</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Karol Graňák</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Andrej Kollár</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Matej Vnučák</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ivana Dedinská</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 4001; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16234001">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16234001</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> <b><i>Background:</i></b> Keto analogues in combination with a (very) low-protein diet significantly reduces the progression to end-stage kidney disease. The question of their benefit and safety for kidney transplant recipients remains. This study aimed to show the renoprotective effect and safety of the use <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/4001/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> <b><i>Background:</i></b> Keto analogues in combination with a (very) low-protein diet significantly reduces the progression to end-stage kidney disease. The question of their benefit and safety for kidney transplant recipients remains. This study aimed to show the renoprotective effect and safety of the use of this method in patients with chronic kidney disease and a kidney transplantation. <b><i>Materials:</i></b> This was a retrospective monocentric study conducted by the transplant nephrology department in Martin, in which patients with chronic kidney disease, with or without kidney transplant therapy, who received a low-protein diet and supplementation with keto analogues were included (<i>n</i> = 59). The changes in their glomerular filtration rate, proteinemia, calcaemia, weight, and glycaemia and the side effects associated with a low-protein diet and keto analogue use were studied in the patients with chronic kidney disease with or without kidney transplantation. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The kidney transplant recipients had a significantly more advanced stage of chronic kidney disease (<i>p</i> = 0.0001) than the non-transplanted patients at the time of the prescription of the keto analogues (<i>p</i> = 0.0001). Furthermore, the kidney transplant recipients had a significantly longer follow-up period (<i>p</i> = 0.0001), with a difference of 27 months within subgroups. During the observed period, we recorded a decrease in glomerular filtration, but without statistical significance. In our group, we did not confirm a significant occurrence of adverse effects associated with a low-protein diet and keto analogues. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Keto analogues reduce the progression of chronic kidney disease and stabilise glomerular filtration in patients with chronic kidney disease. Based on our analysis, treatment with keto analogues is effective and safe for kidney transplant recipients after kidney transplantation. <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/4001">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/02TYQY3QGA ">Nutrition and Metabolism in Chronic Kidney Diseases</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/4001/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1527236"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1527236"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1527236" data-cycle-prev="#prev1527236" data-cycle-progressive="#images1527236" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1527236-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04001/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04001-g001-550.jpg?1732282586" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1527236" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1527236-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04001/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04001-g002-550.jpg?1732282587'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1527236-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04001/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04001-g003-550.jpg?1732282588'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1527236-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04001/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04001-g004-550.jpg?1732282589'><p>Figure 4</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1527236-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04001/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04001-g001-550.jpg?1732282586" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>The distribution of the cohort patients according to CKD aetiology. ADPKD—autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, DKD—diabetic kidney disease, TIN—tubulointersticial glomerulonephritis.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/4001'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04001/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04001-g002-550.jpg?1732282587" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Development of eGFR during followed period in the cohort. eGFR—estimated glomerular filtration.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/4001'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04001/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04001-g003-550.jpg?1732282588" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Development of eGFR in the cohort. eGFR—estimated glomerular filtration rate.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/4001'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04001/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04001-g004-550.jpg?1732282589" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>The change of eGFR during follow-up—transplanted and non-transplanted patients. eGFR—estimated glomerular filtration rate.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/4001'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="expanding-div collapsed"> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 17 pages, 444 KiB </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/4000/pdf?version=1732282972" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Gender-Specific Malnutrition and Muscle Depletion in Gastric and Colorectal Cancer: Role of Dietary Intake in a Jordanian Cohort" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/23/4000">Gender-Specific Malnutrition and Muscle Depletion in Gastric and Colorectal Cancer: Role of Dietary Intake in a Jordanian Cohort</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nahla Al-Bayyari</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Marah Hailat</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ana Baylin</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 4000; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16234000">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16234000</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Objectives: This study aimed to assess malnutrition and muscle mass depletion risk in gastrointestinal cancer patients, exploring the differences between gastric and colorectal cancer, with a focus on gender0specific variations and dietary intake. It also examined whether muscle depletion mediates the relationship between <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/4000/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Objectives: This study aimed to assess malnutrition and muscle mass depletion risk in gastrointestinal cancer patients, exploring the differences between gastric and colorectal cancer, with a focus on gender0specific variations and dietary intake. It also examined whether muscle depletion mediates the relationship between dietary intake and malnutrition risk. Methods: A sample of 100 Jordanian pre-operative gastrointestinal cancer patients (60 male, 40 female) with gastric or colorectal cancer were assessed for malnutrition risk using the malnutrition universal screening tool (MUST) and for muscle depletion using fat-free mass index (FFMI) and mid-upper arm muscle area (MUAMA). Results: The study found that 80% (95% CI: 0.708–0.873) of patients were at high risk of malnutrition, with over 60% experiencing severe muscle loss. Gastric cancer patients showed higher, though not statistically significant, malnutrition risk (90.2% vs. 72.9%) and muscle depletion compared to colorectal cancer patients. Advanced cancer stages were associated with significantly higher risk of malnutrition and muscle depletion. Significant gender-specific differences in muscle depletion via FFMI (<i>p</i> = 0.012) and via MUAMA (<i>p</i> = 0.028) were also noted, especially in females with gastric cancer. Additionally, males exhibited a significantly higher malnutrition risk (<i>p</i> < 0.001) based on cancer stage. Patients’ dietary intake was significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.001) below the recommended levels for energy, protein, carbohydrates, fiber, and essential fatty acids, which was associated with higher malnutrition risk, muscle depletion, low BMI (<18.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), and significant weight loss (>10%). Low dietary intake was strongly linked to increased malnutrition risk and muscle depletion, with muscle loss partially mediating (b = 0.4972, <i>p</i> < 0.0001) the relationship between poor dietary intake and malnutrition risk. Additionally, higher muscle mass was protective against malnutrition (OR = 16.0, 95% CI: 1.706–150.507), and cancer type was a significant predictor of malnutrition risk (OR = 14.4, 95% CI: 1.583–130.867). Conclusions: Malnutrition risk and significant muscle loss are common in GI cancer patients, highlighting the urgent need for tailored nutrition care plans and lifestyle modifications. <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/4000">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Nutritional_Epidemiology">Nutritional Epidemiology</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="expanding-div collapsed"> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1527217" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1527217" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1527217" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3999/s1?version=1732281563"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 12 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 22 pages, 12321 KiB </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3999/pdf?version=1732281563" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Impact of Kiwifruit Consumption on Cholesterol Metabolism in Rat Liver: A Gene Expression Analysis in Induced Hypercholesterolemia" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/23/3999">Impact of Kiwifruit Consumption on Cholesterol Metabolism in Rat Liver: A Gene Expression Analysis in Induced Hypercholesterolemia</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Abdolvahab Ebrahimpour Gorji</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Anna Ciecierska</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hanna Leontowicz</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zahra Roudbari</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tomasz Sadkowski</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 3999; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233999">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233999</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background/Objectives: Cholesterol is vital in various bodily functions, such as maintaining cell membranes, producing hormones, etc. However, imbalances, like hypercholesterolemia, can lead to diseases such as cancer, kidney disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular conditions. This study explores the impact of kiwifruit <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3999/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background/Objectives: Cholesterol is vital in various bodily functions, such as maintaining cell membranes, producing hormones, etc. However, imbalances, like hypercholesterolemia, can lead to diseases such as cancer, kidney disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular conditions. This study explores the impact of kiwifruit consumption, specifically <i>Actinidia arguta</i> cultivar Geneva and <i>Actinidia deliciosa</i> cultivar Hayward, on cholesterol and lipid metabolism in rat liver. Methods: Rats were divided into groups: a 1% cholesterol control group (Ch), a 5% Geneva kiwifruit-supplemented group (ChGENE), and a 5% Hayward kiwifruit-supplemented group (ChHAYW). Gene expression was analyzed using Gene Spring v.14. Gene ontology, pathway analysis, miRNA, and transcription factor prediction were performed using DAVID, Reactome, and miRNet. In addition, we used Agilent Literature Search software to gain further insights. Results: Statistical analysis identified 72 genes in ChGENE-Ch and 2 genes in ChHAYW-Ch comparison. Key genes involved in cholesterol metabolism pathways, including <i>PCSK9</i>, <i>SCD1</i>, <i>SLC27A5</i>, <i>HMGCR</i>, and <i>DHCR24</i>, showed lower expression in the kiwifruit-supplemented groups. The genes mentioned above showed lower expression in the kiwifruit-supplemented group, probably contributing to the liver lipid level reduction. Further analysis identified miRNA-26a, miRNA-29a/b/c, miRNA-33a/b, and miRNA-155 targeting hub genes. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that dietary supplementation with kiwifruit, particularly the Geneva cultivar, reduces fat accumulation in the liver of rats with hypercholesterolemia, likely through downregulation of critical genes involved in cholesterol metabolism. These studies highlight the potential of kiwifruit as a part of a dietary strategy to manage cholesterol levels. <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3999">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/O21L660MG8 ">Healthy Diet to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="expanding-div collapsed"> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 16 pages, 1527 KiB </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3998/pdf?version=1732272374" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Food Functional Factors in Alzheimer’s Disease Intervention: Current Research Progress" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/23/3998">Food Functional Factors in Alzheimer’s Disease Intervention: Current Research Progress</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Rong-Zu Nie</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Huo-Min Luo</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ya-Ping Liu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shuang-Shuang Wang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yan-Jie Hou</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Chen Chen</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hang Wang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hui-Lin Lv</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xing-Yue Tao</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zhao-Hui Jing</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hao-Kun Zhang</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Pei-Feng Li</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 3998; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233998">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233998</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex multifactorial neurodegenerative disease. With the escalating aging of the global population, the societal burden of this disease is increasing. Although drugs are available for the treatment of AD, their efficacy is limited and there remains no effective <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3998/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex multifactorial neurodegenerative disease. With the escalating aging of the global population, the societal burden of this disease is increasing. Although drugs are available for the treatment of AD, their efficacy is limited and there remains no effective cure. Therefore, the identification of safe and effective prevention and treatment strategies is urgently needed. Functional factors in foods encompass a variety of natural and safe bioactive substances that show potential in the prevention and treatment of AD. However, current research focused on the use of these functional factors for the prevention and treatment of AD is in its initial stages, and a complete theoretical and application system remains to be determined. An increasing number of recent studies have found that functional factors such as polyphenols, polysaccharides, unsaturated fatty acids, melatonin, and caffeine have positive effects in delaying the progression of AD and improving cognitive function. For example, polyphenols exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects, and polysaccharides promote neuronal growth and inhibit inflammation and oxidative stress. Additionally, unsaturated fatty acids inhibit Aβ production and Tau protein phosphorylation and reduce neuroinflammation, and melatonin has been shown to protect nerve cells and improve cognitive function by regulating mitochondrial homeostasis and autophagy. Caffeine has also been shown to inhibit inflammation and reduce neuronal damage. Future research should further explore the mechanisms of action of these functional factors and develop relevant functional foods or nutritional supplements to provide new strategies and support for the prevention and treatment of AD. <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3998">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Nutrition_Public_Health">Nutrition and Public Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3998/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1527059"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1527059"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1527059" data-cycle-prev="#prev1527059" data-cycle-progressive="#images1527059" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1527059-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03998/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03998-g001-550.jpg?1732272447" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1527059" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1527059-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03998/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03998-g002-550.jpg?1732272448'><p>Figure 2</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1527059-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03998/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03998-g001-550.jpg?1732272447" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>The proportion of Alzheimer’s disease patients over 65 years by age group.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3998'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03998/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03998-g002-550.jpg?1732272448" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Molecular mechanisms of food functional factors in Alzheimer’s disease.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3998'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="expanding-div collapsed"> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 9 pages, 896 KiB </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3997/pdf?version=1732272487" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Establishment of a Rapid and Precise Nutritional Screening Method for Convalescent Rehabilitation Patients: A Preliminary Study" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/23/3997">Establishment of a Rapid and Precise Nutritional Screening Method for Convalescent Rehabilitation Patients: A Preliminary Study</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Kozue Okamoto</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Miho Kogirima</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yoshiro Tsuji</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shinsuke Ishino</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hiromasa Inoue</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 3997; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233997">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233997</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background/Objectives: Malnutrition significantly hinders recovery in patients undergoing convalescent rehabilitation. Proper nutritional management can improve rehabilitation outcomes. This study aimed to develop a novel nutritional screening method (J-Method) specifically in patients undergoing convalescent rehabilitation and compare it with the widely used Mini Nutritional <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3997/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background/Objectives: Malnutrition significantly hinders recovery in patients undergoing convalescent rehabilitation. Proper nutritional management can improve rehabilitation outcomes. This study aimed to develop a novel nutritional screening method (J-Method) specifically in patients undergoing convalescent rehabilitation and compare it with the widely used Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF). Methods: We developed the J-Method for convalescent rehabilitation settings and compared its results with that of the MNA-SF. The J-Method comprised six items derived from various nutritional screening methods and obtained solely from medical records, without patient interviews. Data from 148 patients aged > 65 years with cerebrovascular diseases admitted to a convalescent rehabilitation ward (CRW) were collected. Nutritional status was evaluated using the J-Method and MNA-SF, after which the results were compared. Results: It is possible that the J-Method more precisely identified patients as malnourished than did the MNA-SF (J-Method: MNA-SF = 36/148 (24.3%): 111/148 (75.0%)). In detail, 75 (50.4%) were classified as having malnutrition by the MNA-SF but as non-malnutrition by the J-Method; however, no patients were in the opposite scenario. In addition, the results of nutritional screening using the J-Method identified patients in need of nutritional management intervention and suggested that to improve the rehabilitation effect, nutritional management should be initiated in an acute hospital before admission to a CRW. Conclusions: The J-Method may be more effective than the MNA-SF for nutritional screening in convalescent rehabilitation settings, as it provides a more accurate assessment of malnutrition without requiring patient interviews. <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3997">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/YB51885771 ">Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3997/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1527061"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1527061"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1527061" data-cycle-prev="#prev1527061" data-cycle-progressive="#images1527061" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1527061-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03997/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03997-g001-550.jpg?1732272561" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1527061" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1527061-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03997/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03997-g002-550.jpg?1732272563'><p>Figure 2</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1527061-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03997/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03997-g001-550.jpg?1732272561" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>The results of nutritional screening using the J-Method and MNA-SF. The J-Method and MNA-SF identified 36 and 111 patients as having malnutrition, respectively. Although 37 patients (25.0%) are classified as “N”, 36 (24.3%) are classified as “D” when combining the J-Method and MNA-SF. Notably, 75 patients (50.4%) are classified as having malnutrition by the MNA-SF but as non-malnutrition by the J-Method (P-M).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3997'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03997/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03997-g002-550.jpg?1732272563" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Food intake in the N, P-M, and D groups. The percentages of patients who reported no changes in food intake over the last three months before admission were 78.4% (29/37 patients), 58.7% (44/75 patients), and 44.4% (16/36 patients) in the N, P-M, and D groups, respectively. Significant differences were observed between the three groups (<span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.010).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3997'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="expanding-div collapsed"> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 27 pages, 3828 KiB </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3996/pdf?version=1732269405" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Review of the Relationships Between Human Gut Microbiome, Diet, and Obesity" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/23/3996">Review of the Relationships Between Human Gut Microbiome, Diet, and Obesity</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ondřej Patloka</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tomáš Komprda</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Gabriela Franke</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 3996; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233996">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233996</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Obesity is a complex disease that increases the risk of other pathologies. Its prevention and long-term weight loss maintenance are problematic. Gut microbiome is considered a potential obesity modulator. The objective of the present study was to summarize recent findings regarding the relationships <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3996/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Obesity is a complex disease that increases the risk of other pathologies. Its prevention and long-term weight loss maintenance are problematic. Gut microbiome is considered a potential obesity modulator. The objective of the present study was to summarize recent findings regarding the relationships between obesity, gut microbiota, and diet (vegetable/animal proteins, high-fat diets, restriction of carbohydrates), with an emphasis on dietary fiber and resistant starch. The composition of the human gut microbiome and the methods of its quantification are described. Products of the gut microbiome metabolism, such as short-chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids, and their effects on the gut microbiota, intestinal barrier function and immune homeostasis are discussed in the context of obesity. The importance of dietary fiber and resistant starch is emphasized as far as effects of the host diet on the composition and function of the gut microbiome are concerned. The complex relationships between human gut microbiome and obesity are finally summarized. <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3996">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/Nutrition_Gut_Microbiota_Immune_System_Chronic ">Nutrition and Gut Microbiota-Immune System Interplay in Chronic Diseases</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3996/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1526957"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1526957"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1526957" data-cycle-prev="#prev1526957" data-cycle-progressive="#images1526957" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1526957-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03996/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03996-ag-550.jpg?1732269485" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Graphical abstract</p></div><script id="images1526957" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1526957-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03996/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03996-g001-550.jpg?1732269474'><p>Figure 1</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1526957-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03996/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03996-g002-550.jpg?1732269478'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1526957-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03996/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03996-g003-550.jpg?1732269480'><p>Figure 3</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1526957-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03996/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03996-ag-550.jpg?1732269485" title=" <strong>Graphical abstract</strong><br/><strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3996'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03996/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03996-g001-550.jpg?1732269474" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Formation of short-chain fatty acids and their effects on the human organism. DF, dietary fiber; RS, resistant starch; MACs, microbiota-accessible carbohydrates; SCFAs, short-chain fatty acids; A, acetate; P, propionate; B, butyrate; CAZymes, carbohydrate-active enzymes; GHs, glycoside hydrolases; GTs, glycosyltransferases; PLs, polysaccharide lyases; CEs, carbohydrate esterases; GPR41, G protein-coupled receptor 41; ROS, reactive oxygen species; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; VCAM-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1; CLDN-1, claudin-1; OCLN, occludin; ZO-1, zonula occludens-1; ATP, adenosine triphosphate; AhR, aryl hydrocarbon receptor; PPARγ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma; HIF-1, hypoxia-inducible factor 1; NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa B; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide 1; PYY, peptide YY; HDAC, histone deacetylase; p21Cip1, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1; D1 and D3, cyclins 1 and 3. Created with Biorender.com.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3996'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03996/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03996-g002-550.jpg?1732269478" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Structure of quantitatively and qualitatively important primary and secondary bile acids.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3996'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03996/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03996-g003-550.jpg?1732269480" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Summary of the synthesis, reabsorption, biotransformation, and physiological effects of bile acids in the human body. Abbreviations: CYP7A1, cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase; CYP8B1, sterol 12α-hydroxylase; CYP27A1, sterol 27α-hydroxylase; CYP7B1, 25-hydroxycholesterol 7α-hydroxylase; BAAT, bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase; TCA, taurocholic acid; GCA, glycocholic acid; TCDCA, taurochenodeoxycholic acid, GCDCA, glycochenodeoxycholic acid; CA, cholic acid; CDCA, chenodeoxycholic acid; DCA, deoxycholic acid; LCA, lithocholic acid; BAs, bile acids; BSHs, bile salt hydrolases; HSDHs, hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases; bai, BA-inducible bai operon; ASBT, apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter; FXR, farnesoid X receptor; ZO-1, zonula occludens-1; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha; NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa B; AMPs, antimicrobial peptides; TGR5, Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5; Mp; macrophages; Mc, monocytes; tDCs, tolerogenic dendritic cells; TGR5-cAMP-PKA, TGR5-cyclic adenosine monophosphate-protein kinase A; IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, interleukin 1 beta, 6, 10, 18; RXR, retinoid X receptor; FGF15/19, fibroblast growth factor 15 and 19; P, phosphorylation; ERKs, extracellular signal-regulated kinases; GNG, gluconeogenesis; GS, glycogen synthesis; SHP; small heterodimer partner; LPL, lipoprotein lipase; SREBP1, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1; PPARα, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha; FA, fatty acids; TG, triglycerides; S1PR2, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2; inflamm reg, inflammation regulation. Created with Biorender.com.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3996'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="expanding-div collapsed"> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1526852" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1526852" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1526852" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3995/s1?version=1732266788"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 190 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 14 pages, 2040 KiB </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3995/pdf?version=1732266788" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Lipidomic Signature of Healthy Diet Adherence and Its Association with Cardiometabolic Risk in American Adults" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/23/3995">Lipidomic Signature of Healthy Diet Adherence and Its Association with Cardiometabolic Risk in American Adults</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Loni Berkowitz</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Guadalupe Echeverría</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Cristian Salazar</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Cristian Faúndez</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Christopher L. Coe</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Carol Ryff</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Attilio Rigotti</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 3995; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233995">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233995</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background: The aim of this study was to identify the blood lipidomic profile associated with a healthy eating pattern in a middle-aged US population sample and to determine its relationship with metabolic disorders and cardiovascular risk (CVR). Methodology: Self-reported information about diet and <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3995/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background: The aim of this study was to identify the blood lipidomic profile associated with a healthy eating pattern in a middle-aged US population sample and to determine its relationship with metabolic disorders and cardiovascular risk (CVR). Methodology: Self-reported information about diet and blood samples were obtained from 2114 adult participants in the Midlife in the United States study (MIDUS). Food intake data were used to design a Healthy Diet Index (MIDUS-HEI) and to evaluate the predictive value by examining its association with health variables. The associated lipid signature (HEI-LS) was constructed using Lasso regression, from lipidomic data (LC/MS). Associations between HEI-LS, cardiometabolic biomarkers, and estimated CVR were assessed using multiple linear regression. Results: MIDUS-HEI score was a robust indicator of dietary quality and inversely associated with body mass index (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and metabolic syndrome (<i>p</i> = 0.012). A lipidomic signature comprising 57 distinct lipid species was highly correlated with the MIDUS-HEI score (r = 0.39, <i>p</i> < 10⁻<sup>16</sup>). It was characterized by lower levels of saturated fatty acid and adrenic acid (<i>n</i>-6) and higher levels of docosahexaenoic acid (<i>n</i>-3). Healthier HEI-LS scores were strongly associated with better cardiometabolic indicators and lower estimated CVR (OR 0.89 CI 95% 0.87–0.91). Conclusions: The MIDUS-HEI effectively assessed dietary quality, confirming the link between poor diet quality and metabolic disorders in American population. Lipidomic profiling offered an objective assessment of dietary patterns and provided insights into the relationship between diet quality, metabolic responses, and CVR. This approach supports precision nutrition strategies for at-risk populations. <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3995">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/5249A60XA3 ">Dietary Fatty Acids and Metabolic Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3995/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1526852"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1526852"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1526852" data-cycle-prev="#prev1526852" data-cycle-progressive="#images1526852" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1526852-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03995/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03995-g001-550.jpg?1732266903" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1526852" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1526852-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03995/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03995-g002a-550.jpg?1732266904'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1526852-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03995/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03995-g002b-550.jpg?1732266906'><p>Figure 2 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1526852-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03995/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03995-g003-550.jpg?1732266907'><p>Figure 3</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1526852-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03995/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03995-g001-550.jpg?1732266903" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Prevalence of MetS based on diet quality. Diamonds represent the prevalence estimates, and the lines indicate the 95% confidence interval of each estimate.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3995'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03995/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03995-g002a-550.jpg?1732266904" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Lipid signature associated with the MIDUS-HEI. (<b>a</b>) Percentage of species selected by the lipid signature according to lipid class; (<b>b</b>) Association between the score of MIDUS-HEI and lipid signature in the training set and the testing set combined (r = 0.39, <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 10⁻<sup>16</sup>); (<b>c</b>) Signature coefficients of the 57 metabolites comprising the lipid signature.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3995'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03995/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03995-g002b-550.jpg?1732266906" title=" <strong>Figure 2 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>Lipid signature associated with the MIDUS-HEI. (<b>a</b>) Percentage of species selected by the lipid signature according to lipid class; (<b>b</b>) Association between the score of MIDUS-HEI and lipid signature in the training set and the testing set combined (r = 0.39, <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 10⁻<sup>16</sup>); (<b>c</b>) Signature coefficients of the 57 metabolites comprising the lipid signature.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3995'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03995/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03995-g003-550.jpg?1732266907" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Odds ratios for the association between estimated cardiovascular risk and MIDUS-HEI lipidomic signature. Model I included sociodemographic adjustments, Model II added adjustments for body mass index, and Model III was adjusted further for the MIDUS-HEI score.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3995'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="expanding-div collapsed"> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 19 pages, 1091 KiB </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3994/pdf?version=1732244786" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Ketogenic Diet and Neuroinflammation: Implications for Neuroimmunometabolism and Therapeutic Approaches to Refractory Epilepsy" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/23/3994">Ketogenic Diet and Neuroinflammation: Implications for Neuroimmunometabolism and Therapeutic Approaches to Refractory Epilepsy</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Daniela Guerreiro</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Anabela Almeida</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Renata Ramalho</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 3994; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233994">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233994</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Refractory epilepsy, characterized by seizures that do not respond to standard antiseizure medications, remains a significant clinical challenge. The central role of the immune system on the occurrence of epileptic disorders has been long studied, but recent perspectives on immunometabolism and neuroinflammation are <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3994/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Refractory epilepsy, characterized by seizures that do not respond to standard antiseizure medications, remains a significant clinical challenge. The central role of the immune system on the occurrence of epileptic disorders has been long studied, but recent perspectives on immunometabolism and neuroinflammation are reshaping scientific knowledge. The ketogenic diet and its variants have been considered an important medical nutrition therapy for refractory epilepsy and may have a potential modulation effect on the immune system, specifically, on the metabolism of immune cells. In this comprehensive review, we gathered current evidence-based practice, ketogenic diet variants and interventional ongoing clinical trials addressing the role of the ketogenic diet in epilepsy. We also discussed in detail the ketogenic diet metabolism and its anticonvulsant mechanisms, and the potential role of this diet on neuroinflammation and neuroimmunometabolism, highlighting Th17/Treg homeostasis as one of the most interesting aspects of ketogenic diet immune modulation in refractory epilepsy, deserving consideration in future clinical trials. <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3994">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/17QI0W29Q8 ">Impacts of Micronutrients on Immune System and Inflammatory Diseases</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3994/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1526603"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1526603"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1526603" data-cycle-prev="#prev1526603" data-cycle-progressive="#images1526603" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1526603-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03994/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03994-g001-550.jpg?1732244925" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1526603" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1526603-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03994/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03994-g002-550.jpg?1732244926'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1526603-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03994/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03994-g003-550.jpg?1732244928'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1526603-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03994/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03994-g004-550.jpg?1732244930'><p>Figure 4</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1526603-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03994/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03994-g001-550.jpg?1732244925" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Immunometabolism and epilepsy. Impact of metabolic shift towards glycolysis on immune-reprogramming. HIF- hypoxia-inducible factor; IL—interleukin; mTOR—mammalian target of rapamycin; TLR—toll-like receptor; TNF—tumor necrosis factor. Black arrows mean increase production. Created in BioRender.com.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3994'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03994/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03994-g002-550.jpg?1732244926" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Th17/Treg imbalance in refractory epilepsy. IL—interleukin; TGF—transforming growth factor; Th—helper T lymphocyte. Red arrows mean increase in number and green arrows mean decrease in number of cells. Created in BioRender.com.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3994'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03994/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03994-g003-550.jpg?1732244928" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Role of KD diet in balancing Th1//Treg and reducing neuroinflammation. KD may potentially blockade mTOR/HIF-1a pathway, leading to Treg increasing and IL-10, IL-4 and GATA3 induction in refractory epilepsy. These mechanisms require further investigation. Foxp3—forkhead box P3; HIF—hypoxia-inducible factor; IL—interleukin; mTOR—mammalian target of rapamycin; Treg—regulatory T lymphocyte; Created in BioRender.com.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3994'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03994/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03994-g004-550.jpg?1732244930" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Future perspectives for clinical trials addressing the role of KD on refractory epilepsy. Created in BioRender.com.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3994'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="expanding-div collapsed"> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 14 pages, 1017 KiB </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3993/pdf?version=1732264038" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Overweight Prevalence Changes Before and After COVID-19 in Spain: The PESCA Program Longitudinal Outcomes 2018–2021" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/23/3993">Overweight Prevalence Changes Before and After COVID-19 in Spain: The PESCA Program Longitudinal Outcomes 2018–2021</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>F. Zarate-Osuna</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>C. Quesada-González</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>A. G. Zapico</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>M. González-Gross</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 3993; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233993">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233993</a> - 21 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> <b>Background:</b> Overweight prevalence in Spain reached critical levels before the COVID-19 pandemic, which likely exacerbated this issue. The PESCA (Programa Escolar de Salud Cardio-vascular) program is a multicomponent school-based intervention, launched in 2018 with the aim of tackling this health problem and reducing <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3993/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> <b>Background:</b> Overweight prevalence in Spain reached critical levels before the COVID-19 pandemic, which likely exacerbated this issue. The PESCA (Programa Escolar de Salud Cardio-vascular) program is a multicomponent school-based intervention, launched in 2018 with the aim of tackling this health problem and reducing overweight rates in youth. <b>Objectives:</b> (1) To analyze the efficacy of the PESCA program intervention on body composition, overweight prevalence, physical activity (PA)/sport practice, resting time, and screentime before COVID-19 and (2) to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 and the associated lockdown measures on these parameters in the studied sample. <b>Methods:</b> This longitudinal study included 207 children and adolescents from schools in Madrid (aged 2.82 to 15.84 years; 44.4% girls), with measurements taken at three time points: two before COVID-19 and one after its onset. Overweight prevalence, body fat percentage diagnosis, physical activity, resting time, and screentime were assessed. Cochran’s Q test and repeated-measures ANOVA were used to compare outcomes across the three assessment time points. <b>Results:</b> Overweight prevalence remained stable among children in the PESCA program before COVID-19 (17.87% to 19.81%). However, a significant increase was observed from point 2 to point 3, post-COVID-19 onset (19.81% to 26.57%). Similarly, healthy body composition significantly deteriorated from 63.16% at point 2 to 52.48% at point 3. PA/sport practice prevalence significantly increased until COVID-19 onset (80.19% to 91.22%) but declined thereafter (91.22% to 79.10% from point 2 to point 3). Although the differences were small, resting time significantly decreased post-COVID-19 onset (from 10.18 h at point 2 to 9.96 h at point 3), with no changes in the first period. Non-academic screentime showed a similar pattern: stable before COVID-19 and significantly increased after its onset (1.61 h at point 1; 1.70 h at point 2; 2.29 h at point 3). <b>Conclusions:</b> The PESCA program positively impacted PA/sport practice prevalence and may have provided some protection against overweight and related variables during the pre-COVID period. However, health authorities’ restrictions and lockdown policies during COVID-19 negatively affected the health and lifestyle variables studied, offsetting previous improvements. <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3993">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/X81IC1YSHK ">Healthy Nutrition and Lifestyle: The Role of the School</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3993/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1526544"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1526544"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1526544" data-cycle-prev="#prev1526544" data-cycle-progressive="#images1526544" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1526544-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03993/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03993-g001-550.jpg?1732264192" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1526544" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1526544-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03993/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03993-g002-550.jpg?1732264196'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1526544-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03993/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03993-g003-550.jpg?1732264199'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1526544-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03993/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03993-g004-550.jpg?1732264202'><p>Figure 4</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1526544-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03993/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03993-g001-550.jpg?1732264192" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Overweight, PA/sports practice and healthy body composition prevalence evolution.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3993'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03993/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03993-g002-550.jpg?1732264196" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>PA/sports practice evolution throughout the program.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3993'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03993/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03993-g003-550.jpg?1732264199" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Daily rest time evolution.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3993'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03993/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03993-g004-550.jpg?1732264202" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Daily screentime evolution.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3993'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="expanding-div collapsed"> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1526542" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1526542" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1526542" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3992/s1?version=1732203980"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 189 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 18 pages, 1360 KiB </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3992/pdf?version=1732264315" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Attitudes and Beliefs of Primary Care Physicians and Nurses in Spain Toward Vegan Diets" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/23/3992">Attitudes and Beliefs of Primary Care Physicians and Nurses in Spain Toward Vegan Diets</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nuria Trujillo-Garrido</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Eduardo Sánchez-Sánchez</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>María J. Santi-Cano</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 3992; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233992">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233992</a> - 21 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background: As dietary habits shift in response to environmental concerns and health awareness, understanding healthcare professionals’ perceptions of vegan diets is crucial. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the beliefs and attitudes of primary care doctors and nurses in Spain towards vegan diets. <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3992/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background: As dietary habits shift in response to environmental concerns and health awareness, understanding healthcare professionals’ perceptions of vegan diets is crucial. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the beliefs and attitudes of primary care doctors and nurses in Spain towards vegan diets. Methods: A questionnaire-based, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted among 208 healthcare professionals. Results: 87% of participants followed an omnivorous diet, while only 3.4% identified as lacto-ovo-vegetarian (LOV) or vegan. Statistically significant differences were observed by sex, with women more likely to agree that livestock farming contributes to global warming (27.3% and 28.0% vs. 17.0% and 12.8%, respectively; <i>p</i> = 0.02). Additionally, women were more inclined to consider vegan diets suitable for vulnerable groups, such as pregnant women and children, when adequately supplemented (24.8% and 17.4% vs. 10.6% and 10.6%, respectively; <i>p</i> = 0.030). Healthcare professionals who followed a LOV or vegan diet were more likely to disagree with the notion that vegan diets do not provide the necessary macronutrients and micronutrients compared to omnivores (strongly disagree 19.9%, 56.3%, 85.7%; <i>p</i> = 0.001 for omnivores, flexitarians, and LOVs/vegans, respectively). Conclusions: Current nutrition training may not meet the needs of doctors and nurses. Furthermore, it is implied that some professionals’ attitudes towards vegan diets may be more influenced by personal beliefs than by scientific literature. These findings can inform future clinical guidelines and support a more evidence-based approach to dietary counselling for vegan populations. <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3992">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/26L51Z92OZ ">Advances in Sustainable Healthy Diets</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3992/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1526542"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1526542"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1526542" data-cycle-prev="#prev1526542" data-cycle-progressive="#images1526542" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1526542-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03992/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03992-g001-550.jpg?1732264392" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1526542" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1526542-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03992/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03992-g002-550.jpg?1732264395'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1526542-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03992/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03992-g003-550.jpg?1732264398'><p>Figure 3</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1526542-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03992/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03992-g001-550.jpg?1732264392" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Aggregated responses by gender. Chi-squared test. Q1 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.190; Q2 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.005; Q3 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.019; Q4 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.562; Q5 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.330; Q6 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.448; Q7 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.968; Q8 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.387; Q9 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.402; Q10 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.918.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3992'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03992/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03992-g002-550.jpg?1732264395" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Aggregated responses by training. Chi-squared test. Q1 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.782; Q2 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.402; Q3 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.782; Q4 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.316; Q5 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.836; Q6 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.633; Q7 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.068; Q8 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.496; Q9 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.849; Q10 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.482.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3992'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03992/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03992-g003-550.jpg?1732264398" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Aggregated responses by dietary habits. Chi-squared test. Q1 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.134; Q2 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.017; Q3 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.040; Q4 <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001; Q5 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.371; Q6 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.453; Q7 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.095; Q8 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.175; Q9 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.357; Q10 <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.482.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3992'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="expanding-div collapsed"> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 10 pages, 1893 KiB </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3991/pdf?version=1732248570" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors for Hypovitaminosis D in Patients Scheduled for Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty in Germany" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/23/3991">Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors for Hypovitaminosis D in Patients Scheduled for Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty in Germany</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tizian Heinz</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Miledi Hoxha</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Philip Mark Anderson</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Axel Jakuscheit</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Manuel Weißenberger</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Martin Lüdemann</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Dominik Rak</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Maximilian Rudert</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Konstantin Horas</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 3991; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233991">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233991</a> - 21 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Objective: Several studies have reported a high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in orthopedic patients. The purpose of this prospective observational study was to report on the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in patients scheduled for elective primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and its associated <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3991/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Objective: Several studies have reported a high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in orthopedic patients. The purpose of this prospective observational study was to report on the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in patients scheduled for elective primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and its associated risk factors. Methods: In this monocentric cohort study, 25(OH) vitamin D serum levels were measured in 687 consecutive patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) over a period of twelve months. Vitamin D levels were classified into deficiency (<20 ng/mL), insufficiency (20–29 ng/mL), and sufficiency (≥30 ng/mL). The study assessed the association of vitamin D levels with demographic and clinical factors, including age, sex, BMI, smoking status, and season of measurement. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, correlation analyses, and multiple linear regression to identify significant predictors of vitamin D levels. Results: The cohort had a mean age of 67.70 ± 8.95 years and a mean BMI of 31.00 ± 5.71 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. Collectively, 33.9% of patients were vitamin D deficient, a further 32.9% were insufficient, and only 33.2% were sufficient. Vitamin D levels varied significantly with the season and were associated with obesity and smoking. Specifically, there was a small significant inverse correlation between BMI and vitamin D levels (r = −0.17, <i>p</i> < 0.01). Furthermore, regular nicotine abuse was linked to lower vitamin D levels (r = 0.14, <i>p</i> < 0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis reveals that age, BMI, nicotine abuse, and season were small significant predictors of preoperative vitamin D levels (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.15, adjusted R<sup>2</sup> = 0.12). A total of 121 (17.61%) patients reported routine vitamin D intake prior to surgery. Supplementing patients had a significantly higher mean serum vitamin D level and a significant reduction in the mean length of in-hospital stay (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Conclusions: The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in patients undergoing elective primary TKA is alarmingly high. In ongoing efforts to optimize the efficacy and outcome of the TKA procedure, orthopedic surgeons should be advised to strongly implement the role of perioperative vitamin D levels in their routine practice. <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3991">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/O38HUZ6MBM ">Therapeutic Use and Challenges of Vitamin D</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3991/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1526437"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1526437"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1526437" data-cycle-prev="#prev1526437" data-cycle-progressive="#images1526437" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1526437-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03991/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03991-g001-550.jpg?1732248640" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1526437" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1526437-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03991/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03991-g002-550.jpg?1732248641'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1526437-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03991/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03991-g003-550.jpg?1732248643'><p>Figure 3</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1526437-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03991/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03991-g001-550.jpg?1732248640" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Vitamin D status of the TKA cohort. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D (insufficiency and deficiency) was significantly higher than the proportion of patients with normal vitamin D serum levels. Significances are marked by asterisks (*).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3991'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03991/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03991-g002-550.jpg?1732248641" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Bars indicate the relative frequency of patients with vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and deficiency depending on the season. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D (insufficiency and deficiency) was significantly higher throughout the year compared to vitamin D sufficiency. Significances are marked by asterisks (*).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3991'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03991/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03991-g003-550.jpg?1732248643" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>The relative frequency of hypovitaminosis D (vitamin D deficiency and sufficiency) was significantly higher in all BMI groups with a particularly high association of hypovitaminosis D in obese patients (BMI &gt; 30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>). Significances are marked by asterisks (*).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3991'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="expanding-div collapsed"> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 12 pages, 1005 KiB </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3990/pdf?version=1732196268" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Weizmannia coagulans BC99 Improves Strength Performance by Enhancing Protein Digestion and Regulating Skeletal Muscle Quality in College Students of Physical Education Major" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/23/3990"><i>Weizmannia coagulans</i> BC99 Improves Strength Performance by Enhancing Protein Digestion and Regulating Skeletal Muscle Quality in College Students of Physical Education Major</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Li Cao</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Minghan Guo</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yiqing Zhou</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jie Zhang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shanshan Tie</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xuan Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Pingping Tian</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ying Wu</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shaobin Gu</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 3990; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233990">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233990</a> - 21 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> <b>Background:</b> The dietary proteins are one of the most important factors determining health conditions in humans. The sufficient digestion and absorption of dietary proteins in the digestive tract has positive effects on performance and recovery in sportspeople and athletes. Improving protein digestibility is <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3990/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> <b>Background:</b> The dietary proteins are one of the most important factors determining health conditions in humans. The sufficient digestion and absorption of dietary proteins in the digestive tract has positive effects on performance and recovery in sportspeople and athletes. Improving protein digestibility is a strategy for maintaining health status and optimal performance in sport and exercise activities. <b>Objectives:</b> The aim of the present study is to verify whether <i>Weizmannia coagulans</i> BC 99 (BC99) can increase muscle mass and strength. <b>Methods:</b> This randomized double-blind, controlled trial assigned 72 male college students to receive probiotics (<i>n</i> = 36, 20.25 ± 1.03 years; 179.00 ± 5.94 cm; 73.55 ± 8.73 kg, protein powder with BC99) or the placebo (<i>n</i> = 36, 20.19 ± 0.79 years; 179.25 ± 5.16 cm; 73.61 ± 8.24 kg, protein powder) for 12 weeks. At the baseline and final stages of the study, strength tests and body composition assessment were performed. Blood and stool samples were taken at the end of the 12-week intervention, and digestive enzymatic activity of stool samples, biochemical parameters, amino acids and hormone level of plasma were analyzed. <b>Results:</b> BC99 administration significantly improved strength performance, skeletal muscle mass, activity of pepsin and trypsin, the concentrations of branched chain amino acids and essential amino acids, reduced activities of creatine kinase and lactic dehydrogenase and urea nitrogen (BUN) level and increased testosterone and glucagon-like peptide-1 level in male college students. <b>Conclusions:</b> Therefore, BC99 supplementation can be an important nutritional strategy to improve strength performance, body composition, protein digestion and body metabolism in healthy young males. <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3990">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Protein">Proteins and Amino Acids</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3990/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1526361"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1526361"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1526361" data-cycle-prev="#prev1526361" data-cycle-progressive="#images1526361" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1526361-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03990/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03990-g001-550.jpg?1732196443" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1526361" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1526361-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03990/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03990-g002-550.jpg?1732196444'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1526361-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03990/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03990-g003-550.jpg?1732196445'><p>Figure 3</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1526361-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03990/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03990-g001-550.jpg?1732196443" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>The schedule of procedure for the present study.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3990'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03990/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03990-g002-550.jpg?1732196444" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Changes in enzymatic activity of stool samples. (<b>A</b>): Changes in pepsin activity. (<b>B</b>): Changes in trypsin activity. (<b>C</b>): Changes in lipase activity. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. ** means the difference is significant at the 0.01 level.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3990'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03990/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03990-g003-550.jpg?1732196445" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Changes in plasma hormone level. (<b>A</b>): Changes in plasma testosterone level. (<b>B</b>): Changes in t glucagon-like peptide-1 level. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. * means the difference is significant at the 0.01 level.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3990'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="expanding-div collapsed"> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 20 pages, 1943 KiB </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3989/pdf?version=1732266281" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Designing Front-of-Package Labels to Inform Consumers and Encourage Healthier Food Choices in Bangladesh: A Qualitative Study" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/23/3989">Designing Front-of-Package Labels to Inform Consumers and Encourage Healthier Food Choices in Bangladesh: A Qualitative Study</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lindsey Smith Taillie</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ahmad Khairul Abrar</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ummay Afroza</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jubaida Akhtar</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Violet Noe</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nicole Ide</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nora Abdel-Gawad</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sohel Reza Choudhury</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 3989; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233989">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233989</a> - 21 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> <b>Background/Objectives:</b> Front-of-package labeling (FOPL) policies are a useful strategy to inform consumers about foods high in nutrients of concern, but little is known about what type of label works best in Bangladesh, a country with increasing levels of unhealthy food intake and diet-related <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3989/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> <b>Background/Objectives:</b> Front-of-package labeling (FOPL) policies are a useful strategy to inform consumers about foods high in nutrients of concern, but little is known about what type of label works best in Bangladesh, a country with increasing levels of unhealthy food intake and diet-related diseases. <b>Methods:</b> We conducted 10 focus groups with men and women in rural and urban Bangladesh (<i>n</i> = 76). Using a semi-structured discussion guide, we asked consumers for their perceptions of the healthfulness of nutrients and foods, two common FOPLs (a color-coded guideline daily allowance [GDA] label and a warning label), and different visual elements of the warning label (e.g., shape, icon, text). <b>Results:</b> Participants understood the health harms of sugar and salt consumption but were less clear on saturated fat. Both FOPLs were perceived as helpful for identifying unhealthy foods, but the warning labels were perceived as easier to understand and more likely to influence behaviors than the GDA. Regarding the design of warning labels, participants perceived warning devices, holding straps, and octagonal shapes as effective but had mixed reactions to which icons or textual statements were most effective. <b>Conclusions:</b> FOPLs are likely to facilitate Bangladeshi consumers’ ability to identify unhealthy products. Further research is needed to understand the impact on food choices as well as the most effective design in this population. <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3989">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Nutritional_Policies_Education_Health_Promotion">Nutritional Policies and Education for Health Promotion</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3989/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1526349"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1526349"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1526349" data-cycle-prev="#prev1526349" data-cycle-progressive="#images1526349" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1526349-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03989/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03989-g001-550.jpg?1732266392" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1526349" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1526349-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03989/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03989-g002-550.jpg?1732266393'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1526349-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03989/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03989-g0A1-550.jpg?1732266395'><p>Figure A1</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1526349-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03989/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03989-g001-550.jpg?1732266392" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Example front-of-package labels. (<b>a</b>) Example GDA label. (<b>b</b>) Example warning label for sugar. (<b>c</b>) Example GDA label in English. (<b>d</b>) Example warning label in English.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3989'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03989/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03989-g002-550.jpg?1732266393" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Examples of product mockups with labels. (<b>a</b>) Fruit drink with warning label. (<b>b</b>) Biscuits with color-coded GDA label.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3989'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03989/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03989-g0A1-550.jpg?1732266395" title=" <strong>Figure A1</strong><br/> <p>Warning label design elements. (<b>a</b>) Shape differences. (<b>b</b>) Different icons for sugar. (<b>c</b>) Different icons for salt. (<b>d</b>) Different icons for fat. (<b>e</b>) Holding strap vs. no holding strap.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3989'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="expanding-div collapsed"> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 24 pages, 1038 KiB </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3988/pdf?version=1732194007" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Dietary and Nutritional Interventions for the Management of Endometriosis" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/23/3988">Dietary and Nutritional Interventions for the Management of Endometriosis</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nour Abulughod</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Stefanie Valakas</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Fatima El-Assaad</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 3988; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233988">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233988</a> - 21 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Endometriosis is a chronic, complex, systemic inflammatory condition that impacts approximately 190 million girls and women worldwide, significantly impacting their quality of life. The effective management of endometriosis requires a multi-disciplinary and holistic approach, one that includes surgical and medical management, such as <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3988/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Endometriosis is a chronic, complex, systemic inflammatory condition that impacts approximately 190 million girls and women worldwide, significantly impacting their quality of life. The effective management of endometriosis requires a multi-disciplinary and holistic approach, one that includes surgical and medical management, such as a laparoscopy and a chronic medical management plan, as well as dietary, nutritional, and lifestyle adjunct interventions, such as pelvic pain physiotherapy and acupuncture. There is growing evidence to support the role of dietary and nutritional interventions in the adjunct management of endometriosis-related pain and gastrointestinal symptoms. However, the implementation of these interventions is often not regulated, as patients with endometriosis often adopt self-management strategies. Diet and nutrition can modulate key players integral to the pathophysiology of endometriosis, such as, but not limited to, inflammation, estrogen, and the microbiome. However, it is unclear as to whether diet plays a role in the prevention or the onset of endometriosis. In this review, we discuss three key players in the pathogenesis of endometriosis—inflammation, estrogen, and the microbiome—and we summarize how diet and nutrition can influence their mechanisms, and consequently, the progression and manifestation of endometriosis. There is a major need for evidence-based, non-invasive adjunct management of this debilitating disease, and diet and nutritional interventions may be suitable. <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3988">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Nutrition_Women">Nutrition in Women</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3988/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1526288-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03988/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03988-g001-550.jpg?1732194096" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div></div></div><div id="article-1526288-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03988/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03988-g001-550.jpg?1732194096" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>The role diet and nutrients play in the pathophysiology of endometriosis. Diets, food groups, and single nutrients may influence pathophysiological processes underlying endometriosis, such as inflammation, estrogen pathways, and microbiome interactions. A high-fiber diet increases microbiome diversity, which leads to the downregulation of MCs and inflammation. A diverse microbiome metabolizes circulating estrogen. A high FODMAP diet increases IBS-like symptoms [<a href="#B89-nutrients-16-03988" class="html-bibr">89</a>], such as bloating, which can further worsen the symptoms of endometriosis. High FODMAP increases LPS and MC activation, increasing prostaglandins and leading to pain. Red meat increases inflammation as well as sex hormones and estrogen in the blood, influencing prostaglandins, increasing inflammation, and therefore, pain [<a href="#B90-nutrients-16-03988" class="html-bibr">90</a>]. The Mediterranean diet, which is rich in antioxidants and ω-3 FAs, reduces inflammation, which has the potential to reduce prostaglandins, and endometriosis-related pain [<a href="#B91-nutrients-16-03988" class="html-bibr">91</a>]. The anti-inflammatory diet has the same influence. Dairy can increase serum estrogen, progesterone [<a href="#B92-nutrients-16-03988" class="html-bibr">92</a>], and IGF-1 [<a href="#B93-nutrients-16-03988" class="html-bibr">93</a>,<a href="#B94-nutrients-16-03988" class="html-bibr">94</a>,<a href="#B95-nutrients-16-03988" class="html-bibr">95</a>], all of which influence the levels of estrogen in the blood, which can activate MCs, therefore worsening pain-related symptoms. Estrogen may cause and/or promote MC activation, leading to inflammation. * Increased prostaglandins due to inflammation may account for the pelvic pain typically associated with endometriosis. It is worth noting that patients with endometriosis may present with a wide range of symptoms to varying degrees over the course of their menstrual cycle. These include dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, dyspareunia, dyschezia, dysuria, infertility, fatigue, anxiety, and depression [<a href="#B96-nutrients-16-03988" class="html-bibr">96</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3988'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="expanding-div collapsed"> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 16 pages, 322 KiB </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3987/pdf?version=1732263172" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Correlates of Overweight and Obesity in German Primary School Children" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/23/3987">Correlates of Overweight and Obesity in German Primary School Children</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Anna Reißner</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Olivia Wartha</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jens Dreyhaupt</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Susanne Kobel</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 3987; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233987">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233987</a> - 21 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background/Objectives: Childhood obesity is a consistent public health issue, which often persists into adulthood. This study determined risk factors of childhood obesity and associated comorbidities in German school children. Methods: Data of 1956 primary school children (7.1 ± 0.6 years) were analysed. Anthropometrics <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3987/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background/Objectives: Childhood obesity is a consistent public health issue, which often persists into adulthood. This study determined risk factors of childhood obesity and associated comorbidities in German school children. Methods: Data of 1956 primary school children (7.1 ± 0.6 years) were analysed. Anthropometrics were taken on site, other (health) parameters were assessed using a parental questionnaire. Binary logistic regression models were calculated, controlling for age, gender, family education level, and migration background. Results: Father’s physical illness (OR 1.092 [1.177; 3.073], <i>p</i> = 0.009) and a child’s chronic illness (OR 1.687 [1.077; 2.644], <i>p</i> = 0.022), maternal and paternal overweight (OR 2.180 [1.492; 3.185]; OR 2.494 [1.547; 4.022], <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively), as well as maternal and paternal smoking (OR 1.942 [1.306; 2.889]; OR 1.972 [1.334; 2.917], <i>p</i> = 0.001, respectively) were significantly associated with the child being overweight. Also associated with the child being overweight were physical activity, regular screen media use (OR 0.605 [0.408, 0.896], <i>p</i> = 0.012; OR 2.029 [1.306; 3.152], <i>p</i> = 0.002, respectively), the mother and/or father thinking their child is too fat (OR 2.213 [1.504; 3.258], <i>p</i> < 0.001; OR 1.537 [1.048; 2.253], <i>p</i> = 0.028), the father’s physical inactivity (OR 1.69 [1.133; 2.521], <i>p</i> = 0.010), and if the child has not been breastfed (OR 1.632 [1.056; 2.521], <i>p</i> = 0.027), the mother smoked during pregnancy (OR 1.992 [1.224; 3.246], <i>p</i> = 0.006) as well as if the mother and/or father admonished their child about their weight (OR 25.521 [14.578; 44.680]; OR 19.448 [11.865; 31.877], <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively). Children of unemployed mothers and in low-income households had an increased risk of being overweight (OR 4.811 [1.642; 14.096], <i>p</i> = 0.004; OR 2.203 [1.360; 3.568], <i>p</i> = 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: This study shows that parental health, lifestyle, and social behaviours matter in determining childhood obesity. Understanding those is essential to promoting a healthy lifestyle. <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3987">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/LJ4BEG76SC ">Effects of Nutrition and Physical Activity Lifestyle Interventions on Childhood Obesity</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="expanding-div collapsed"> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 13 pages, 1639 KiB </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3986/pdf?version=1732185376" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="The Mediating Effect of Eating Behaviors on Interoception, Self-Regulation and Weight Status Among College Students" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/23/3986">The Mediating Effect of Eating Behaviors on Interoception, Self-Regulation and Weight Status Among College Students</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shanté Jeune</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Paulo Graziano</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Adriana Campa</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Catherine Coccia</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 3986; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233986">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233986</a> - 21 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background/Objectives: Obesity among college students has been consistently high in the recent decades. Regulatory processes such as interoception and self-regulation have been studied to identify specific health behaviors that lead to weight gain. Reduced interoception and self-regulation may lead to increased body mass <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3986/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background/Objectives: Obesity among college students has been consistently high in the recent decades. Regulatory processes such as interoception and self-regulation have been studied to identify specific health behaviors that lead to weight gain. Reduced interoception and self-regulation may lead to increased body mass index (BMI), however, various eating styles may indirectly affect this relationship. It is proposed that poor interoception and self-regulation can increase the incidence of maladaptive eating styles, such as emotional or external eating, which may indirectly contribute to weight gain. Conversely, eating styles like cognitive restraint and intuitive eating may indicate an opposing indirect effect, exhibiting eating behaviors likely to maintain optimal weight status. To date, it is unknown which eating styles mediate the relationship between interoception and self-regulation on BMI. Additionally, study variables were examined throughout time to identify any potential influences throughout a typical semester. Methods: There were 104 female participants who completed the study measures. Participants were primarily identified as Hispanic (75.1%), mean age = 23.39 (SD = 6.312), and mean BMI = 25.45 (SD = 5.48) at baseline. Preliminary statistics and longitudinal mediation analyses were conducted to examine the relationships among eating styles, interoception, self-regulation, and BMI. Results: Intuitive eating was the only eating style that was found to be a significant mediator among both interoception and self-regulation, and BMI. It is theorized that these regulation skills occur more commonly among college females who intuitively eat, thus accurately explaining the associations with BMI. Conclusions: The study has provided foundational evidence on the indirect effect of eating behaviors on one’s relationship with interoception and self-regulation on BMI and can be useful in future interventions regarding college students and their associated risk for obesity. <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/3986">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/14Q6H255PX ">Eating Behaviors and Eating Disorders: Prevention, Clinical Characterization, and Treatment</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/3986/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1526094"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1526094"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1526094" data-cycle-prev="#prev1526094" data-cycle-progressive="#images1526094" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1526094-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03986/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03986-g001-550.jpg?1732185484" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1526094" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1526094-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03986/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03986-g002-550.jpg?1732185486'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1526094-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03986/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03986-g003-550.jpg?1732185487'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1526094-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03986/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03986-g004-550.jpg?1732185489'><p>Figure 4</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1526094-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03986/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03986-g001-550.jpg?1732185484" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Mediation Model with Interoceptive Responsiveness and BMI through Eating Behaviors. Note: BMI = Body Mass Index.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3986'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03986/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03986-g002-550.jpg?1732185486" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Mediation Model with Self-regulation and BMI through Eating Behaviors.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3986'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03986/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03986-g003-550.jpg?1732185487" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Interoceptive Responsiveness Mediation Model with Standardized Estimates. Note. Bolded lines are considered significant.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3986'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-03986/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-03986-g004-550.jpg?1732185489" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Self-regulation Mediation Model with Standardized Estimates. Note. Bolded lines are considered significant.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/3986'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item last-item"> <a class="bold" href="/search?q=&journal=nutrients&sort=pubdate&page_count=50">More Articles...</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="left-column" class="content__column large-3 large-pull-6 medium-3 medium-pull-6 small-12 columns"> <div id="js-large-main-top-container"> <div id="js-main-top-container" class="content__container"> <a href="/journal/nutrients"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/nutrients-logo.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="nutrients-logo" title="Nutrients" style="max-height: 60px; margin: 0 0 0 0;"> </a> <div class="generic-item no-border" style="position: relative;"> <div class=""> <a class="button button--color button--color-journal button--full-width js-journal-active-only-link 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src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/announcement/9648.jpg?1732286508" /></a> </div> <div class="generic-item news-item "> <span class="text-information">16 October 2024</span> <br/> <a class="title-link" href="/journal/nutrients/announcements/9594"><strong>MDPI's Newly Launched Journals in September 2024</strong></a> </div> <div class="generic-item last-item UI_NewsAnnounce"> <a class="bold" href="/journal/nutrients/announcements">More News & Announcements...</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content__container selected-special-issues"> <div class="custom-accordion-for-small-screen-link"> <h2>Topics</h2> </div> <div class="custom-accordion-for-small-screen-content show-for-medium-up"> <div class="generic-item button-type no-border"> <a class="button button--color button--full-width submit-manuscript" href="/topics/proposal"> Propose a Topic </a> </div> <div class="generic-item"><div><span class="text-information times"> Topic in <span class="text-information italics times">Agriculture</span>, <span class="text-information italics times">Animals</span>, <span class="text-information italics times">Dairy</span>, <span class="text-information italics times">Foods</span>, <span class="text-information italics times">Nutrients</span></span></div><a class="title-link bold" href="/topics/SF6J8FDITI"> Advances in Animal-Derived Non-Cow Milk and Milk Products </a><span class="text-information color-grey-dark">Topic Editors: Jacek Antoni Wójtowski, Jan Pikul, Maria Markiewicz-Kęszycka<br/></span><span class="text-information highlight">Deadline: 20 December 2024</span></div> <div class="generic-item"><div><span class="text-information times"> Topic in <span class="text-information italics times">Biomolecules</span>, <span class="text-information italics times">Diagnostics</span>, <span class="text-information italics times">JCM</span>, <span class="text-information italics times">Metabolites</span>, <span class="text-information italics times">JPM</span>, 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Anna M. 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Soriano del Castillo<br/></span><span class="text-information highlight">Deadline: 25 November 2024</span></div> <div class="generic-item"><div><span class="text-information times"> Special Issue in </span><span class="text-information italics times">Nutrients</span></div><a class="title-link bold" href="/journal/nutrients/special_issues/0Y5R651ORK"> Omega-3 Fatty Acids throughout the Lifecycle: Innovative Advances for Prevention and Therapeutics </a><span class="text-information color-grey-dark">Guest Editors: Richard J. Deckelbaum, Yvon Carpentier<br/></span><span class="text-information highlight">Deadline: 25 November 2024</span></div> <div class="generic-item"><div><span class="text-information times"> Special Issue in </span><span class="text-information italics times">Nutrients</span></div><a class="title-link bold" href="/journal/nutrients/special_issues/464M42EGCR"> Nutritional Status and Ergogenic Aids in the Performance of Exercise and Sports </a><span class="text-information color-grey-dark">Guest Editor: David Varillas-Delgado<br/></span><span class="text-information highlight">Deadline: 25 November 2024</span></div> <div class="generic-item last-item"> <a href="/journal/nutrients/special_issues" class="bold">More Special Issues</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content__container selected-special-issues"> <div class="custom-accordion-for-small-screen-link"> <h2>Topical Collections</h2> </div> <div class="custom-accordion-for-small-screen-content show-for-medium-up"> <div class="generic-item"><div><span class="text-information times"> Topical Collection in </span><span class="text-information italics times">Nutrients</span></div><a class="title-link bold" href="/journal/nutrients/topical_collections/fatty_acids_cardiovascular_health"> Dietary Fatty Acids and the Cardiovascular Health: Evidence, Controversies, and Consensus </a><span class="text-information color-grey-dark">Collection Editor: Asim K. 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Ill Patients—Positioning Document of the Metabolism and Nutrition Working Group and the Early Mobilization Working Group of the Catalan Society of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine (SOCMiC) </a></div> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(8), 1157; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16081157">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16081157</a> </div> <div class="generic-item"> <a href="/journal/nutrients/conference_reports" class="bold">More Conference Reports...</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="column-padding"></div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <div id="footer"> <div class="journal-info"> <span> <em><a class="Var_JournalInfo" href="/journal/nutrients">Nutrients</a></em>, EISSN 2072-6643, Published by MDPI </span> <div class="large-right"> <span> <a href="/rss/journal/nutrients" class="rss-link">RSS</a> </span> <span> <a href="/journal/nutrients/toc-alert">Content Alert</a> </span> </div> </div> <div class="row full-width footer-links" data-equalizer="footer" 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