First in-situ spin of the Target Wheel at the heart of ESS

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</div> <main class="site-content" role="main"> <a id="main-content" tabindex="-1"></a> <div id="block-content"> <div class="node--promoted article"> <div class="article__main"> <div class="row"> <header class="article__main-header col-12 col-md-8 col-xl-9"> <h1 class="article__title">First in-situ spin of the Target Wheel at the heart of ESS</h1> <div class="article__created-date"> <time datetime="2024-09-26T10:59:03+02:00" class="date date--primary"><time datetime="2024-09-26T10:59:03+02:00" title="Thursday, September 26, 2024 - 10:59">September 26, 2024</time> </time> </div> </header> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="article__main-content col-12 col-md-8 col-xl-9"> <div class="article__image"> <div class="media media-image media-image--article-lead"> <div class="media__content"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/article_image/public/images/media/2024-09/Target%20wheel%20in%20Monolith.jpg?itok=A6Zb9YbC 1x" media="(min-width: 576px)" type="image/jpeg" width="1200" height="800"/> <img class="image" loading="eager" class="image" src="/sites/default/files/styles/article_image/public/images/media/2024-09/Target%20wheel%20in%20Monolith.jpg?itok=A6Zb9YbC" width="1200" height="800" alt="Target wheel" /> </picture> </div> <footer class="media__footer"> <div class="caption"> The Target Wheel in the Monolith vessel, before it was covered with steel shielding. <span class="credit">Image: Ulrika Hammarlund/ESS </span> </div> </footer> </div> </div> <div class="article__sections"> <section class="layout-section layout-section--primary layout-section--one-columns"> <div class="layout-section__row"> <section class="section section--text"> <h3>This week at the ESS site, the first-ever in-situ rotation of the target wheel took place inside the monolith vessel, marking another step towards the first proton-beam-on-target in late 2025. Over the next few months, testing will continue, gradually ramping up the speed and integrating additional systems.</h3> </section> <section class="section section--text"> <div data-entity-type="media" data-entity-uuid="fcbee1e4-0637-4af0-81c9-a0d4f0b79e7e" data-embed-button="media" data-entity-embed-display="view_mode:media.custom" data-langcode="en" data-entity-embed-display-settings="[]" class="embedded-entity embedded-media embedded-media-image embedded-media-image--custom"> <div class="media media-image media-image--custom"> <div class="media__content"> <img class="image" src="/sites/default/files/styles/custom/public/images/media/2024-09/D02%20Target%20wheel%20rotation%20ICS%20overview.jpeg?itok=0yDpN_pZ" width="5763" height="4024" alt="Overview Target Monolith" loading="lazy" /></div> <footer class="media__footer"><div class="caption"><p>The Monolith's connection cell, with the ICS work station by the target wheel and drive unit.</p> </div> </footer></div> </div> </section> </div> </section> <section class="layout-section layout-section--primary layout-section--one-columns"> <div class="layout-section__row"> <section class="section section--text"> <div><div><div><p>The target wheel, a key component in the spallation process at ESS, was delivered by the Spanish In-Kind Partner, ESS Bilbao, in 2022. Since then, it has been coated with a luminescent layer as part of the beam diagnostics imaging system and fitted with its shaft, drive unit (motor), and a rotary union for the helium cooling feed. The wheel has undergone rigorous testing in an on-site designated test stand, with lifting, handling, and rotation trials. This included a continuous <a href="https://youtu.be/6pP-AIse7f0?si=h02fyFZGYvac-o8-" rel="nofollow">1,000-hour spinning test</a> to ensure operational reliability.聽</p><p>In November 2023, the target wheel was installed in its designated space inside the Monolith vessel, shielded by about four metres of stainless steel blocks. Simultaneously, the ESS target moderator-reflector plug was also installed adjacent to the wheel. See the video聽<a href="https://youtu.be/iFrw3zPGD9s?si=ZiW9-MbHtTf0wF9c" rel="nofollow">here</a>.</p><p>In parallel with the target wheel preparations, additional critical systems have been integrated within the monolith, including piping for the helium circulator system and the commissioning of the cryogenic cooling system for the moderator. The monolith vessel鈥檚 large lid (head of the vessel) was placed in March 2024, followed by the installation of the moderator cap in May 2024. This sealed the monolith and enabled comprehensive vacuum leak tests over the summer.</p><p>Recently, the ESS vacuum team successfully achieved the vacuum conditions necessary to operate the target station, which allowed the start of the now ongoing in-situ target wheel rotation tests.</p> <div data-entity-type="media" data-entity-uuid="f6359889-c872-4445-87f9-1ac83fb46b38" data-embed-button="media" data-entity-embed-display="view_mode:media.custom" data-langcode="en" data-entity-embed-display-settings="[]" class="embedded-entity embedded-media embedded-media-video embedded-media-video--custom"><div class="media media-video media-video--custom"> <div class="media__content"> <div><div class="video-embed-field-provider-youtube video-embed-field-responsive-video"><iframe width="854" height="480" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/SQdXAyE7r9s?autoplay=0&start=0&rel=0"></iframe> </div> </div> </div> <footer class="media__footer"><div class="caption"><p>Watch the start of the target wheel's first rotation inside the Target Monolith vessel:</p> </div> </footer></div> </div> </div></div></div><div><div><div><hr /><div data-entity-type="media" data-entity-uuid="ff7d9636-60a5-4bd4-9864-e9391b2e5c1a" data-embed-button="media" data-entity-embed-display="view_mode:media.portrait_medium" class="align-right embedded-entity embedded-media embedded-media-image embedded-media-image--portrait-medium" data-langcode="en" data-entity-embed-display-settings="[]"> <div class="media media-image media-image--portrait-medium"> <div class="media__content"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/portrait/public/images/media/2024-09/D02%20Target%20wheel%20rotation%20drive%20unit%20Kristoffer.jpeg?itok=p1s0n6im 1x" media="(min-width: 576px)" type="image/jpeg" width="660" height="899"></source><img class="image" loading="eager" src="/sites/default/files/styles/portrait/public/images/media/2024-09/D02%20Target%20wheel%20rotation%20drive%20unit%20Kristoffer.jpeg?itok=p1s0n6im" width="660" height="899" alt="Kristoffer Sj枚green" /></picture></div> <footer class="media__footer"><div class="caption"><p>Kristoffer Sj枚green listening carefully for the presence of noise. As the target wheel is located four metres below with no visibility, audio monitoring was used to ensure the rotation was smooth.聽</p> </div> </footer></div> </div> <p>The rotation tests started this week will gradually ramp up to the target wheel's nominal speed of 23 1/3 rotations per minute. This speed synchronises with the proton pulse and the ESS timing system ensuring the 36 segments of the target wheel are hit at regular intervals, maximising the number of neutrons released for scientific use.</p><p>The target wheel rotation tests are being carried out by the ESS Integrated Control System (ICS) and Target Installation teams. Over the past few months, technicians from ESS's electrical contractor Actemium installed all the required cabling and powered the cabinets required for the target wheel commissioning.</p><p>The process is controlled through EPICS (ESS鈥檚 integrated control system platform), with most functionalities already in place. Additional features, such as the Target Safety System (TSS) and Machine Protection System (MPS), will be integrated gradually.</p> <div data-entity-type="media" data-entity-uuid="adcabe8f-0c06-4407-8505-6fe518020479" data-embed-button="media" data-entity-embed-display="view_mode:media.custom" data-langcode="en" data-entity-embed-display-settings="[]" class="embedded-entity embedded-media embedded-media-image embedded-media-image--custom"> <div class="media media-image media-image--custom"> <div class="media__content"> <img class="image" src="/sites/default/files/styles/custom/public/images/media/2024-09/D02%20Target%20wheel%20rotation%20KB%20ICS-4.jpeg?itok=qpE2qwlU" width="3024" height="3138" alt="Target wheel rotation start" loading="lazy" /></div> <footer class="media__footer"><div class="caption"><p>ICS Control System Engineer Evan Foy, Target Installation Lead Krister Blomberg and Work Unit Lead Kristoffer Sj枚green聽at the start of the target wheel commissioning.</p> </div> </footer></div> </div> </div></div></div> </section> <section class="section section--text"> <table><tbody><tr><td> <div data-entity-type="media" data-entity-uuid="7bccc668-bfed-4781-b895-d2baf308de84" data-embed-button="media" data-entity-embed-display="view_mode:media.custom" data-langcode="en" data-entity-embed-display-settings="[]" class="embedded-entity embedded-media embedded-media-image embedded-media-image--custom"> <div class="media media-image media-image--custom"> <div class="media__content"> <img class="image" src="/sites/default/files/styles/custom/public/images/media/2024-09/D02%20Target%20wheel%20rotation%20drive%20unit%20discs.jpeg?itok=ptPmvgha" width="5348" height="4157" alt="Target wheel drive unit" loading="lazy" /></div> <footer class="media__footer"><div class="caption"><p>Close-up of the shaft and drive unit, showing the discs spinning smoothly.</p> </div> </footer></div> </div> </td><td> <div data-entity-type="media" data-entity-uuid="8dc6ae16-0f4e-4cd6-8b4e-6f63d41f508d" data-embed-button="media" data-entity-embed-display="view_mode:media.custom" data-langcode="en" data-entity-embed-display-settings="[]" class="embedded-entity embedded-media embedded-media-image embedded-media-image--custom"> <div class="media media-image media-image--custom"> <div class="media__content"> <img class="image" src="/sites/default/files/styles/custom/public/images/media/2024-09/D02%20Target%20wheel%20rotation%20ICS%20prep-2.jpeg?itok=PsA07VZW" width="3561" height="3024" alt="ICS Target wheel rotation" loading="lazy" /></div> <footer class="media__footer"><div class="caption"><p>The ESS Integrated Control System (ICS) team getting ready to spin the wheel.</p> </div> </footer></div> </div> </td><td>聽</td></tr><tr><td> <div data-entity-type="media" data-entity-uuid="e6a1199c-89cf-41e9-a36c-4cae5a6040ec" data-embed-button="media" data-entity-embed-display="view_mode:media.custom" data-langcode="en" data-entity-embed-display-settings="[]" class="embedded-entity embedded-media embedded-media-image embedded-media-image--custom"> <div class="media media-image media-image--custom"> <div class="media__content"> <img class="image" src="/sites/default/files/styles/custom/public/images/media/2024-09/D02%20Target%20wheel%20rotation%20ICS.jpeg?itok=ENjOiLtD" width="5922" height="4024" alt="ICS Target wheel-2" loading="lazy" /></div> <footer class="media__footer"><div class="caption"><p>ICS team effort: Masooma Amini and Evan Foy setting up to spin the wheel.</p> </div> </footer></div> </div> </td><td> <div data-entity-type="media" data-entity-uuid="89724070-b33e-4a66-b855-008da7fecdbd" data-embed-button="media" data-entity-embed-display="view_mode:media.custom" data-langcode="en" data-entity-embed-display-settings="[]" class="embedded-entity embedded-media embedded-media-image embedded-media-image--custom"> <div class="media media-image media-image--custom"> <div class="media__content"> <img class="image" src="/sites/default/files/styles/custom/public/images/media/2024-09/D02%20Target%20wheel%20rotation%20Ralf%20vacuum.jpeg?itok=PtROcAHG" width="4284" height="4839" alt="Target wheel rotation vacuum" loading="lazy" /></div> <footer class="media__footer"><div class="credit"><p>Ralf Huber of the ESS Vacuum team monitoring the vacuum of the confinement during the rotational tests.</p> </div> </footer></div> </div> </td><td>聽</td></tr><tr><td>聽</td><td>聽</td><td>聽</td></tr></tbody></table> </section> <section class="section section--text"> <div data-entity-type="media" data-entity-uuid="bc60d40c-2de0-4d7d-be24-b1611b0a211c" data-embed-button="media" data-entity-embed-display="view_mode:media.custom" data-langcode="en" data-entity-embed-display-settings="[]" class="embedded-entity embedded-media embedded-media-image embedded-media-image--custom"> <div class="media media-image media-image--custom"> <div class="media__content"> <img class="image" src="/sites/default/files/styles/custom/public/images/media/2024-09/image001_0.png?itok=hCdmHkVT" width="1024" height="468" alt="Target wheel rotation graph-1" loading="lazy" /></div> <footer class="media__footer"><div class="caption"><p>This graph shows the first ever mini-spin of the Target wheel at 5 RPM!</p> </div> </footer></div> </div> <div data-entity-type="media" data-entity-uuid="31e2002c-08e4-4343-989e-6c2db9a13051" data-embed-button="media" data-entity-embed-display="view_mode:media.custom" data-langcode="en" data-entity-embed-display-settings="[]" class="embedded-entity embedded-media embedded-media-image embedded-media-image--custom"> <div class="media media-image media-image--custom"> <div class="media__content"> <img class="image" src="/sites/default/files/styles/custom/public/images/media/2024-09/image002.png?itok=hLZjNfIy" width="1024" height="468" alt="Target wheel rotation graph-2" loading="lazy" /></div> <footer class="media__footer"><div class="caption"><p>Second 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