CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Fustanella - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"acfc6569-fb3f-454a-96bf-f7f5d25dd38f","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Fustanella","wgTitle":"Fustanella","wgCurRevisionId":1259933766,"wgRevisionId":1259933766,"wgArticleId":1369518,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 Greek-language sources (el)","Articles containing Albanian-language text","CS1 Turkish-language sources (tr)","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Use dmy dates from April 2020","Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images","Articles containing Italian-language text","Commons category link is on Wikidata","CS1 uses Greek-language script (el)","CS1 German-language sources (de)","CS1 Albanian-language sources (sq)", "CS1 maint: location missing publisher","CS1 Italian-language sources (it)","All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from December 2019","Articles with permanently dead external links","Albanian clothing","Aromanian culture","Greek clothing","Bulgarian clothing","Macedonian clothing","National symbols of Albania","Skirts"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Fustanella","wgRelevantArticleId":1369518,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline" :false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":90000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q1435606","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready", "jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking" ];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Souliotis_in_Corfu.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1734"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Souliotis_in_Corfu.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1156"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="925"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Fustanella - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fustanella"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fustanella"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Fustanella rootpage-Fustanella skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Main menu </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z">Main page</a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia">Contents</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events">Current events</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x">Random article</a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works">About Wikipedia</a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia">Contact us</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia">Help</a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia">Learn to edit</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors">Community portal</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r">Recent changes</a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia">Upload file</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Search </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Appearance </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class="">Donate</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Fustanella" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class="">Create account</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Fustanella" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Log in</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Personal tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en">Donate</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Fustanella" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"> Create account</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Fustanella" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"> Log in</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing">learn more</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Origins" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origins"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Origins </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Usage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Usage </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Usage-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Usage subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Usage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Albania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Albania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Albania </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Albania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bulgaria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bulgaria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Bulgaria </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bulgaria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Egypt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Egypt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Egypt </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Egypt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Greece" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greece"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Greece </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greece-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Italy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Italy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Italy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Italy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_Macedonia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_Macedonia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6 North Macedonia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_Macedonia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Moldova_and_Wallachia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moldova_and_Wallachia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.7 Moldova and Wallachia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Moldova_and_Wallachia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Turkey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turkey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.8 Turkey </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turkey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.9 United States </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Name" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Name"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Name </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Name-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Name subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Name-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Name_in_various_languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Name_in_various_languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Name in various languages </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Name_in_various_languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Gallery </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Citations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Fustanella</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" > 25 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A9_(%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3)" title="فسطاطية (لباس) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فسطاطية (لباس)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fustanella" title="Fustanella – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fustanella" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pustanela" title="Pustanela – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Pustanela" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Фустанела – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Фустанела" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fustanella" title="Fustanella – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Fustanella" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fustanela" title="Fustanela – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fustanela" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fustanella" title="Fustanella – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fustanella" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fustanella" title="Fustanella – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Fustanella" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B1" title="Φουστανέλα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φουστανέλα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fustanela" title="Fustanela – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fustanela" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fustanelle" title="Fustanelle – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fustanelle" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%91%B8%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%80%EB%84%AC%EB%9D%BC" title="푸스타넬라 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="푸스타넬라" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%A1" title="Ֆուստանելա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆուստանելա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fustanella" title="Fustanella – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fustanella" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%8D%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A9" title="フスタネーラ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フスタネーラ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fustanella" title="Fustanella – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fustanella" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fustanella" title="Fustanella – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Fustanella" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fustanel%C4%83" title="Fustanelă – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Fustanelă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Фустанелла – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Фустанелла" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fustanella" title="Fustanella – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Fustanella" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fustanella" title="Fustanella – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Fustanella" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fustanella" title="Fustanella – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Fustanella" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fustanella" title="Fustanella – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fustanella" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pustanela" title="Pustanela – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pustanela" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Фустанелла – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Фустанелла" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1435606#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Fustanella" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Article</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Fustanella" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >English </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Fustanella">Read</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Fustanella">Read</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=history">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Fustanella" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j">What links here</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Fustanella" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q">Special pages</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&oldid=1259933766" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page">Permanent link</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=info" title="More information about this page">Page information</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Fustanella&id=1259933766&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page">Cite this page</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFustanella">Get shortened URL</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFustanella">Download QR code</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Fustanella&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file">Download as PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Fustanella" hreflang="en">Wikimedia Commons</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1435606" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata item</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Traditional pleated skirt-like garment worn by men of the Balkans</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Souliotis_in_Corfu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Souliotis_in_Corfu.jpg/200px-Souliotis_in_Corfu.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="289" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Souliotis_in_Corfu.jpg/300px-Souliotis_in_Corfu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Souliotis_in_Corfu.jpg/400px-Souliotis_in_Corfu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="456" data-file-height="659" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Albanian_Souliotes" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian Souliotes">Souliote</a> warrior wearing fustanella, by <a href="/wiki/Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_(painter)" title="Louis Dupré (painter)">Louis Dupré</a>.</figcaption></figure> Fustanella (for spelling in various languages, see <a href="#Name_in_various_languages">chart below</a>) is a traditional <a href="/wiki/Pleat" title="Pleat">pleated</a> <a href="/wiki/Skirt" title="Skirt">skirt</a>-like <a href="/wiki/Clothing" title="Clothing">garment</a> that is also referred to as a <a href="/wiki/Kilt" title="Kilt">kilt</a> worn by men in the <a href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkans</a>. The Albanian traditional costume with fustanella had identified the special troops that <a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanians</a> constituted within the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>, whose military prowess became renowned, especially in the era of the Ottoman Albanian pashas <a href="/wiki/Ali_Pasha_of_Ioannina" title="Ali Pasha of Ioannina">Ali of Yanina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_of_Egypt" title="Muhammad Ali of Egypt">Muhammad Ali of Egypt</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Volait_2021_202-1">[1]</a> During the late 18th and early 19th centuries Albanian warriors wore it in the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples" title="Kingdom of Naples">Kingdom of Naples</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Ionian_Islands" title="Ionian Islands">Ionian Islands</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Romagnoli_2010_68-2">[2]</a> In the 1810s, the Albanian warrior dress was officially adopted by a <a href="/wiki/1st_Regiment_Greek_Light_Infantry" title="1st Regiment Greek Light Infantry">British regiment</a> in the Ionian Islands.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChartrandCourcelle200020-3">[3]</a> In the 1820s, it became a principal visual symbol of <a href="/wiki/Philhellenes" class="mw-redirect" title="Philhellenes">Philhellenism</a>, and during the <a href="/wiki/Greek_War_of_Independence" title="Greek War of Independence">Greek War of Independence</a> it was worn by the revolutionary fighters.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> At that time its notoriety as a symbol of male bravery and heroism grew considerably across the Ottoman Empire and spread throughout Europe.<a href="#cite_note-Baleva_2021_77–85-5">[5]</a> Following the Greek independence, fustanella and accompanying embroidered waistcoats and jackets were adopted by the nascent <a href="/wiki/Greek_army" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek army">Greek army</a>. In 1835, it was proclaimed the official court costume and eventually it became the <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greek</a> national dress.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-6">[6]</a> The Albanian-Greek attire thereafter acquired popularity among peoples who wanted to dress in a courageous heroic manner.<a href="#cite_note-Baleva_2021_77–85-5">[5]</a> In modern times, the fustanella is part of Balkan folk dresses. In <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>, a short version of the fustanella is worn by ceremonial military units such as the <a href="/wiki/Evzones" title="Evzones">Evzones</a> since 1868. In <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> it was worn by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Albanian_Army#Royal_Guard" title="Royal Albanian Army">Royal Guard</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Interbellum" class="mw-redirect" title="Interbellum">interbellum</a> era. Both Greece and Albania claim the fustanella as a national costume.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origins">edit</a>]</div> A terracotta figurine with a fustanella garment (i.e. a pleated skirt wore by a man) was found in <a href="/wiki/Durr%C3%ABs" title="Durrës">Durrës</a>, in present-day central Albania, dating back to the 4th century CE, clearly providing an early archaeological evidence of a fustanella.<a href="#cite_note-Gjergji2004-8">[8]</a> According to a hypothesis the fustanella was originally worn by the <a href="/wiki/Illyrians" title="Illyrians">Illyrians</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Skafidas148-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gjergji2004-8">[8]</a> It has been claimed that in the 13th century the fustanella was a common dress for <a href="/wiki/Dalmatia" title="Dalmatia">Dalmatian</a> men, regarded as one of the Illyrian ancestors of the Albanians.<a href="#cite_note-Skafidas148-9">[9]</a> <a href="/wiki/Sir_Arthur_Evans" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Arthur Evans">Sir Arthur Evans</a> said that the Albanian fustanella of the female peasants (worn over and above the Slavonic apron) living near the modern <a href="/wiki/Bosnia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosnia">Bosnian</a>-<a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegrin</a> borders was a preserved Illyrian element among the local Slavic-speaking populations.<a href="#cite_note-Evans126-10">[10]</a> Some scholars have hypothesised that the Albanian/Illyrian kilt became the original pattern of Roman military dress.<a href="#cite_note-Skafidas148-9">[9]</a> <a href="/wiki/Baron_Franz_Nopcsa" class="mw-redirect" title="Baron Franz Nopcsa">Baron Franz Nopcsa</a> further theorized that the Celtic <a href="/wiki/Kilt" title="Kilt">kilt</a> emerged after the Albanian kilt was introduced to the <a href="/wiki/Celts" title="Celts">Celts</a> in Britain by the Roman legions.<a href="#cite_note-Skafidas148-9">[9]</a> Some scholars have suggested a <a href="/wiki/Roman_people" title="Roman people">Roman</a> origin, relating the fustanella to the statues of Roman emperors wearing knee-length pleated <a href="/wiki/Tunic#Roman_tunic" title="Tunic">tunics</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Keramopoulos-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-Notopoulos-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> According to a variant of this view, with the expansion of the Romans to colder climates in central and northwestern Europe, more folds would be added to provide greater warmth;<a href="#cite_note-Keramopoulos-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-Notopoulos-12">[12]</a> according to another variant of this view by folklorist <a href="/wiki/Ioanna_Papantoniou" title="Ioanna Papantoniou">Ioanna Papantoniou</a>, the fustanella ultimately originated from the Celtic kilt, as viewed by the <a href="/wiki/Roman_legions" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman legions">Roman legions</a>, serving as the original prototype.<a href="#cite_note-Skafidas148-9">[9]</a> Concerning the <a href="/wiki/Kilt" title="Kilt">kilts</a>, they are generally regarded as not being worn by Celtic warriors of Roman times and as being introduced in the Scottish Highlands c. 16th Century AD.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nympholept.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Nympholept.jpg/220px-Nympholept.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Nympholept.jpg/330px-Nympholept.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Nympholept.jpg/440px-Nympholept.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="594" /></a><figcaption>A relief circa 5th-century BC depicting Archedemus the <a href="/wiki/Nympholepsy" title="Nympholepsy">Nympholept</a>, the builder of the sanctuary of <a href="/wiki/Vari_Cave" title="Vari Cave">Vari Cave</a> in <a href="/wiki/Attica" title="Attica">Attica</a>, Greece, wearing a <a href="/wiki/Chiton_(garment)" title="Chiton (garment)">chiton</a>, interpreted as being tied in folds in the waist like a fustanella.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> </figcaption></figure> Other scholars have hypothesised that the fustanella was derived from a series of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">ancient Greek</a> garments such as the <a href="/wiki/Chiton_(costume)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chiton (costume)">chiton</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Tunic" title="Tunic">tunic</a>) and the chitonium (or short military tunic).<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> This hypothesis involves a link to an ancient statue (3rd century BC) located in the area around the <a href="/wiki/Acropolis" title="Acropolis">Acropolis</a> in <a href="/wiki/Athens,_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Athens, Greece">Athens</a>.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-Skafidas148-9">[9]</a> However, no ancient Greek clothing has survived to confirm that the origins of the fustanella are in the pleated garments or chitons worn by men in <a href="/wiki/Classical_Athens" title="Classical Athens">Classical Athens</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Skafidas148-9">[9]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a>, a pleated skirt known as the <a href="/wiki/Podea" title="Podea">podea</a> (Greek: ποδέα) was worn.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-Kazhdan47-21">[21]</a> The wearer of the podea was either associated with a typical hero or an <a href="/wiki/Akrites" class="mw-redirect" title="Akrites">Akritic warrior</a> and can be found in 12th-century finds attributed to Emperor <a href="/wiki/Manuel_I_Komnenos" title="Manuel I Komnenos">Manuel I Komnenos</a> (r. 1143–1180).<a href="#cite_note-Kazhdan47-21">[21]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usage">Usage</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Usage">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Albania">Albania</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Albania">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:106px;max-width:106px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:none;height:174px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Janissary_from_Giannena_by_Stackelberg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Janissary_from_Giannena_by_Stackelberg.jpg/104px-Janissary_from_Giannena_by_Stackelberg.jpg" decoding="async" width="104" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Janissary_from_Giannena_by_Stackelberg.jpg/156px-Janissary_from_Giannena_by_Stackelberg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Janissary_from_Giannena_by_Stackelberg.jpg/208px-Janissary_from_Giannena_by_Stackelberg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="414" data-file-height="694" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:112px;max-width:112px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:none;height:174px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Captain_of_Suliote_Albanians_-_Robert_Havell_%26_Son_after_Joseph_Cartwright_-_1822.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Northern Albanian fustanella" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Captain_of_Suliote_Albanians_-_Robert_Havell_%26_Son_after_Joseph_Cartwright_-_1822.jpg/110px-Captain_of_Suliote_Albanians_-_Robert_Havell_%26_Son_after_Joseph_Cartwright_-_1822.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Captain_of_Suliote_Albanians_-_Robert_Havell_%26_Son_after_Joseph_Cartwright_-_1822.jpg/165px-Captain_of_Suliote_Albanians_-_Robert_Havell_%26_Son_after_Joseph_Cartwright_-_1822.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Captain_of_Suliote_Albanians_-_Robert_Havell_%26_Son_after_Joseph_Cartwright_-_1822.jpg/220px-Captain_of_Suliote_Albanians_-_Robert_Havell_%26_Son_after_Joseph_Cartwright_-_1822.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1262" data-file-height="2000" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Janissary from Janina (left), Captain of Suliote Albanians (right). Both dating to the 1810s, the engravings show the Albanian traditional warrior costume, preferred by Albanian clan chiefs and high-ranking officers in the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Ionian_Islands" title="Ionian Islands">Ionian Islands</a> during the early 19th century.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrnardic200437–38-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMesi201954-23">[23]</a></div></div></div></div> In Albanian territories the fustanella was used centuries before <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> rule.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMesi201946-24">[24]</a> A fustanella is depicted on a 13th-century proto-<a href="/wiki/Maiolica" title="Maiolica">maiolica</a> pottery fragment from Durrës.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoti1989224-25">[25]</a> A 14th-century document (1335) listing a series of items including a <a href="/wiki/Fustanum" class="mw-redirect" title="Fustanum">fustanum</a> (a cloth made of <a href="/wiki/Cotton" title="Cotton">cotton</a>), which were confiscated from a <a href="/wiki/Sailor" title="Sailor">sailor</a> at the port of the <a href="/wiki/Drin_(river)" title="Drin (river)">Drin River</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Skadar_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Skadar Lake">Skadar Lake</a> region of Albania.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> In the late <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine period</a> and the early <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman period</a> southern Albanians migrated in Greece and in southern Italy, bringing with them their own custom, language and clothing, which included the fustanella garment.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESkafidas2009146–147-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWelters199559-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerinis2005139–175-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENasse196438-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELangkjær2012114-31">[31]</a> In the 19th century the usage of the fustanella stretched through all Albanian inhabited lands, and it had become the <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_costume" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic costume">ethnic costume</a> characteristic of the Albanian men.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGjergji2004115-32">[32]</a> The Albanian traditional costume with fustanella had identified the special troops that Albanians constituted within the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>, whose military prowess became renowned, especially in the era of the Ottoman Albanian pashas <a href="/wiki/Ali_Pasha_of_Ioannina" title="Ali Pasha of Ioannina">Ali of Yanina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_of_Egypt" title="Muhammad Ali of Egypt">Muhammad Ali of Egypt</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Volait_2021_202-1">[1]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_era" title="Napoleonic era">Napoleonic era</a> (1799–1815) the Albanian mercenary troops (Muslim <a href="/wiki/Arnaut" title="Arnaut">Arnaut</a>), whose traditional costume included the fustanella, were counted among the paid Turkish government troops, along with the <a href="/wiki/Janissary" title="Janissary">Janissary</a> troops. After the <a href="/wiki/Auspicious_Incident" title="Auspicious Incident">disbandment of Janissary corps</a> in 1826, the Albanian troops were employed in various armies as frontier battalions when the new <a href="/wiki/Asakir-i_Mansure-i_Muhammediye" title="Asakir-i Mansure-i Muhammediye">Mansure Army</a> was established within the Ottoman army by <a href="/wiki/Mahmud_II" title="Mahmud II">Mahmud II</a>. In the 1820s the authorities of the <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Administrative divisions of the Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Provincial Governments</a> overall preferred Arnaut mercenary troops over any of the standing army troops.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlaherty202338–39-33">[33]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:220px;max-width:220px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:none;height:146px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_-_Ali_Pacha_de_Janina_chassant_sur_le_lac_de_Butrinto_en_Mars_1819_-_Voyage_%C3%A0_Ath%C3%A8nes_et_%C3%A0_Constantinople_(Paris,_1825).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_-_Ali_Pacha_de_Janina_chassant_sur_le_lac_de_Butrinto_en_Mars_1819_-_Voyage_%C3%A0_Ath%C3%A8nes_et_%C3%A0_Constantinople_%28Paris%2C_1825%29.jpg/218px-Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_-_Ali_Pacha_de_Janina_chassant_sur_le_lac_de_Butrinto_en_Mars_1819_-_Voyage_%C3%A0_Ath%C3%A8nes_et_%C3%A0_Constantinople_%28Paris%2C_1825%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="218" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_-_Ali_Pacha_de_Janina_chassant_sur_le_lac_de_Butrinto_en_Mars_1819_-_Voyage_%C3%A0_Ath%C3%A8nes_et_%C3%A0_Constantinople_%28Paris%2C_1825%29.jpg/327px-Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_-_Ali_Pacha_de_Janina_chassant_sur_le_lac_de_Butrinto_en_Mars_1819_-_Voyage_%C3%A0_Ath%C3%A8nes_et_%C3%A0_Constantinople_%28Paris%2C_1825%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_-_Ali_Pacha_de_Janina_chassant_sur_le_lac_de_Butrinto_en_Mars_1819_-_Voyage_%C3%A0_Ath%C3%A8nes_et_%C3%A0_Constantinople_%28Paris%2C_1825%29.jpg/436px-Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_-_Ali_Pacha_de_Janina_chassant_sur_le_lac_de_Butrinto_en_Mars_1819_-_Voyage_%C3%A0_Ath%C3%A8nes_et_%C3%A0_Constantinople_%28Paris%2C_1825%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="2156" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:220px;max-width:220px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:none;height:164px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Audience_chamber_of_Ali_Pacha_(1855);_lithograph_by_George_de_la_Poer_Beresford.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Audience_chamber_of_Ali_Pacha_%281855%29%3B_lithograph_by_George_de_la_Poer_Beresford.jpg/218px-Audience_chamber_of_Ali_Pacha_%281855%29%3B_lithograph_by_George_de_la_Poer_Beresford.jpg" decoding="async" width="218" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Audience_chamber_of_Ali_Pacha_%281855%29%3B_lithograph_by_George_de_la_Poer_Beresford.jpg/327px-Audience_chamber_of_Ali_Pacha_%281855%29%3B_lithograph_by_George_de_la_Poer_Beresford.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Audience_chamber_of_Ali_Pacha_%281855%29%3B_lithograph_by_George_de_la_Poer_Beresford.jpg/436px-Audience_chamber_of_Ali_Pacha_%281855%29%3B_lithograph_by_George_de_la_Poer_Beresford.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6583" data-file-height="4965" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Ali Pasha of Janina hunting in the lake of Butrint in March 1819 by <a href="/wiki/Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_(painter)" title="Louis Dupré (painter)">Louis Dupré</a> (1825) (top). Audience chamber of Ali Pacha in Janina, Albania (subsequently Greece), <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1800, by <a href="/wiki/Sir_George_de_la_Poer_Beresford,_2nd_Baronet" title="Sir George de la Poer Beresford, 2nd Baronet">George de la Poer Beresford</a>, published in 1855 (bottom).<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a></div></div></div></div> During the late 18th and early 19th centuries Albanian warriors wore their traditional costume with fustanella in the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples" title="Kingdom of Naples">Kingdom of Naples</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Ionian_Islands" title="Ionian Islands">Ionian Islands</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Romagnoli_2010_68-2">[2]</a> Between 1807 and 1814 it was worn by the men of the <a href="/wiki/Albanian_Regiment_(France)" title="Albanian Regiment (France)">Albanian Regiment</a> of the French army, which consisted mainly of Albanian warriors.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrnardic200437–38-22">[22]</a> In the 1810s, the Albanian warrior dress was officially adopted as the standardised military uniform of the <a href="/wiki/1st_Regiment_Greek_Light_Infantry" title="1st Regiment Greek Light Infantry">1st Regiment Greek Light Infantry</a> of the British army, which consisted mainly of Albanians and Greeks.<a href="#cite_note-Chartrand&Courcelle-38">[38]</a> The fustanella was regarded by foreign scholars and travellers as a typical Albanian costume, characterizing the Albanians from the standpoint of dress for many centuries, especially in the 18th and 19th centuries.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGjergji2004115-32">[32]</a> In 1805 <a href="/wiki/William_Martin_Leake" title="William Martin Leake">William Martin Leake</a> reported that it was worn by the men at arms of Albanian beys in the <a href="/wiki/Morea" title="Morea">Morea</a>, and that "The Albanian dress is daily becoming more customary, both in the Morea and in the rest of Greece".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScarce2017170–171-39">[39]</a> In 1807 Leake reported that the officials of the Albanian ruler Ali <a href="/wiki/Pashalik_of_Yanina" title="Pashalik of Yanina">Pasha of Yanina</a>, including his sons, were dressed according to the Albanian tradition.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeço2011405-40">[40]</a> In 1809–1810, within the area of contemporary southern Albania and northwestern Greece, British traveller <a href="/wiki/John_Cam_Hobhouse" class="mw-redirect" title="John Cam Hobhouse">John Cam Hobhouse</a> noticed that when traveling from the Greek-speaking area (region south of <a href="/wiki/Delvinaki" title="Delvinaki">Delvinaki</a>) into the Albanian-speaking area (to the direction of <a href="/wiki/Gjirokast%C3%ABr" title="Gjirokastër">Gjirokastër</a> and its surrounding environs), apart from different languages a change of clothing occurred.<a href="#cite_note-DeRapper2005-41">[41]</a> Those Albanian speakers wore the Kamisa shirt and kilt, while Greek speakers wore woolen brogues.<a href="#cite_note-DeRapper2005-41">[41]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lord_Byron_in_Albanian_Dress_by_Phillips,_1813.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Lord_Byron_in_Albanian_Dress_by_Phillips%2C_1813.jpg/170px-Lord_Byron_in_Albanian_Dress_by_Phillips%2C_1813.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Lord_Byron_in_Albanian_Dress_by_Phillips%2C_1813.jpg/255px-Lord_Byron_in_Albanian_Dress_by_Phillips%2C_1813.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Lord_Byron_in_Albanian_Dress_by_Phillips%2C_1813.jpg/340px-Lord_Byron_in_Albanian_Dress_by_Phillips%2C_1813.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4214" data-file-height="5320" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Lord_Byron_in_Albanian_Dress" title="Lord Byron in Albanian Dress">Lord Byron in Albanian Dress</a> (1813) by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Phillips" title="Thomas Phillips">Thomas Phillips</a>. <a href="/wiki/Lord_Byron" title="Lord Byron">Byron</a> purchased this dress when he arrived in Albania in 1809.</figcaption></figure> In the early 19th century, other British travellers within the region noticed the Albanian costume, in particular in 1809 <a href="/wiki/Lord_Byron" title="Lord Byron">Lord Byron</a> celebrated and described it as "the most magnificent in the world, consisting of long, white kilt, gold-worked cloak, crimson velvet gold laced jacket and waist-coat, silver mounted pistols and daggers".<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> The renowned Albanian clothes were not official uniforms adorned with insignia, but traditional costumes with small differences depending on the regional location or personal preferences of the wearer.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESuparaku2013170-43">[43]</a> After its celebration and description by Byron, who was the most influential <a href="/wiki/Philhellene" class="mw-redirect" title="Philhellene">Philhellene</a> of the time,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESuparaku2013170-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScarce2017170–172-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELangkjær2012114-31">[31]</a> the Albanian traditional warrior costume became a principal visual symbol of Philhellenism in the 1820s,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESuparaku2013170-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVolait2021202-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaleva202177–85-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaleva2017241–243-47">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScarce2017170–172-44">[44]</a> appearing in the widespread romantic iconography of <a href="/wiki/Klepht" title="Klepht">klepht</a> and <a href="/wiki/Armatole" class="mw-redirect" title="Armatole">armatole</a> warriors of the Greek revolution.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESuparaku2013170-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScarce2017170–172-44">[44]</a> The Albanian traditional costume with fustanella was greatly favoured among the Balkan peoples, and it was imitated by many other peoples. Its spread among other neighbouring peoples such as the Greeks, and even the Turks, is documented by the historians of the time.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMesi201947-48">[48]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sk%C3%B3dra_-_Lear_Edward_-_1851.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Sk%C3%B3dra_-_Lear_Edward_-_1851.jpg/220px-Sk%C3%B3dra_-_Lear_Edward_-_1851.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Sk%C3%B3dra_-_Lear_Edward_-_1851.jpg/330px-Sk%C3%B3dra_-_Lear_Edward_-_1851.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Sk%C3%B3dra_-_Lear_Edward_-_1851.jpg/440px-Sk%C3%B3dra_-_Lear_Edward_-_1851.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="907" /></a><figcaption>Albanians in <a href="/wiki/Shkod%C3%ABr" title="Shkodër">Shkodër</a> depicted by <a href="/wiki/Edward_Lear" title="Edward Lear">Edward Lear</a>, 4 October 1848.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a></figcaption></figure> In 1848–1849, British painter <a href="/wiki/Edward_Lear" title="Edward Lear">Edward Lear</a> traveling within the area of contemporary Albania observed that the fustanella was for Albanians a characteristic national costume.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> Other artists visiting southern Albania in mid-19th century depicted landscapes with Albanians in traditional costume with fustanella, such as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Cook_(artist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry Cook (artist) (page does not exist)">Henry Cook</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sir_George_de_la_Poer_Beresford,_2nd_Baronet" title="Sir George de la Poer Beresford, 2nd Baronet">George de la Poer Beresford</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHernandez2019408–409-51">[51]</a> During the 19th century the use of the fustanella was worn over tight fitting tirq pants amongst male Albanian Ghegs by village groups of the <a href="/wiki/Mal%C3%ABsia" title="Malësia">Malësorë</a> or highlanders of the <a href="/wiki/Kelmendi_(tribe)" title="Kelmendi (tribe)">Kelmend</a>, <a href="/wiki/Berisha_(tribe)" title="Berisha (tribe)">Berisha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shala_(tribe)" title="Shala (tribe)">Shala</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hoti_(tribe)" title="Hoti (tribe)">Hoti</a> tribes.<a href="#cite_note-Blumi2004-52">[52]</a> They reserved use of the fustanella for elites during important and formal occasions such as dispute resolutions, election of local tribal representatives and allegiance declarations.<a href="#cite_note-Blumi2004-52">[52]</a> During the 1920s, the fustanella began to go out of fashion among Tosks being replaced with Western style clothing made by local tailors.<a href="#cite_note-Tomes44-53">[53]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:109px;max-width:109px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:none;height:134px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Ottomcostumes1873_planche19_janina.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Ottomcostumes1873_planche19_janina.jpg/107px-Ottomcostumes1873_planche19_janina.jpg" decoding="async" width="107" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Ottomcostumes1873_planche19_janina.jpg/161px-Ottomcostumes1873_planche19_janina.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Ottomcostumes1873_planche19_janina.jpg/214px-Ottomcostumes1873_planche19_janina.jpg 2x" data-file-width="612" data-file-height="768" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:109px;max-width:109px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:none;height:134px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Ottomcostumes1873_planche18_janina.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Ottomcostumes1873_planche18_janina.jpg/107px-Ottomcostumes1873_planche18_janina.jpg" decoding="async" width="107" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Ottomcostumes1873_planche18_janina.jpg/161px-Ottomcostumes1873_planche18_janina.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Ottomcostumes1873_planche18_janina.jpg/214px-Ottomcostumes1873_planche18_janina.jpg 2x" data-file-width="612" data-file-height="768" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Albanian traditional costumes from <a href="/wiki/Ioannina" title="Ioannina">Yanina</a> in 1873, from left to right: peasant, lower-class, middle-class; upper-class family.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a></div></div></div></div> The Albanian fustanella has around sixty pleats, or usually a moderate number.<a href="#cite_note-Konitza85–86-55">[55]</a> It is made of heavy home-woven linen cloth.<a href="#cite_note-Konitza85–86-55">[55]</a> Historically, the skirt was long enough to cover the whole thigh (knee included), leaving only the lower leg exposed.<a href="#cite_note-Konitza85–86-55">[55]</a> It was usually worn by wealthy Albanians who would also expose an ornamented <a href="/wiki/Yataghan" class="mw-redirect" title="Yataghan">yataghan</a> on the side and a pair of pistols with long-chiseled silver handles in the belt.<a href="#cite_note-Konitza85–86-55">[55]</a> The general custom in Albania was to dip the white skirts in melted sheep-fat for the double purpose of making them waterproof and less visible at a distance.<a href="#cite_note-Konitza67-56">[56]</a> Usually, this was done by the men-at-arms (called in Albanian trima).<a href="#cite_note-Konitza67-56">[56]</a> After being removed from the cauldron, the skirts were hung up to dry and then pressed with cold irons so as to create the pleats.<a href="#cite_note-Konitza67-56">[56]</a> They then had a dull gray appearance but were not dirty by any means.<a href="#cite_note-Konitza67-56">[56]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Richard_Caton_Woodville_%E2%80%93_Albanian_Frontier_Guards_at_Prayer,_1889.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Richard_Caton_Woodville_%E2%80%93_Albanian_Frontier_Guards_at_Prayer%2C_1889.jpg/170px-Richard_Caton_Woodville_%E2%80%93_Albanian_Frontier_Guards_at_Prayer%2C_1889.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Richard_Caton_Woodville_%E2%80%93_Albanian_Frontier_Guards_at_Prayer%2C_1889.jpg/255px-Richard_Caton_Woodville_%E2%80%93_Albanian_Frontier_Guards_at_Prayer%2C_1889.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Richard_Caton_Woodville_%E2%80%93_Albanian_Frontier_Guards_at_Prayer%2C_1889.jpg/340px-Richard_Caton_Woodville_%E2%80%93_Albanian_Frontier_Guards_at_Prayer%2C_1889.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="793" /></a><figcaption>Albanian Frontier Guards at Prayer (1889) by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Caton_Woodville_Jr." title="Richard Caton Woodville Jr.">Richard Caton Woodville Jr.</a> Costume version that was also worn by <a href="/wiki/Shkodra" class="mw-redirect" title="Shkodra">Shkodran</a> Albanian warriors in the Ottoman <a href="/wiki/Mansure_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Mansure Army">Mansure Army</a>, established in 1826.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a></figcaption></figure> The jacket, worn with the fustanella in the Albanian costume, has a free armhole to allow for the passage of the arm, while the sleeves, attached only on the upper part of the shoulders, are thrown back.<a href="#cite_note-Konitza85–86-55">[55]</a> The sleeves are not usually worn even though the wearer has the option of putting them on.<a href="#cite_note-Konitza85–86-55">[55]</a> There are three types of footwear that complement the fustanella: 1) the kundra, which are black shoes with a metal buckle, 2) the sholla, which are sandals with leather thongs tied around a few inches above the ankle, 3) the opinga, which is a soft leather shoe, with turned-up points, which, when intended for children, are surmounted with a pompon of black or red wool.<a href="#cite_note-Konitza85–86-55">[55]</a> In 1914, the newly formed Greek armed forces of the <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Republic_of_Northern_Epirus" title="Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus">Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus</a> (1913–1914) initially did not have their own military uniforms, but later the enlisted men adopted <a href="/wiki/Evzone" class="mw-redirect" title="Evzone">Evzone</a> uniforms.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> Nowadays among the Greek population in southern Albania, a sigouni, a sleeveless coat made of thick white wool, is worn over the fustanella in the regions of <a href="/wiki/Dropull" title="Dropull">Dropull</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tepelen%C3%AB" title="Tepelenë">Tepelenë</a>.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Bulgaria">edit</a>]</div> The Albanian traditional warrior costume with fustanella spread among Bulgarians, about two decades after it was dressed by the revolutionaries of the <a href="/wiki/Greek_War_of_Independence" title="Greek War of Independence">Greek War of Independence</a> in the 1820s, when its notoriety as a symbol of male courage and heroism expanded across the region. The Albanian-Greek attire became popular particularly among young men who wanted to take a picture in a heroic pose, although not being themselves involved in fights for independence.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaleva2017241–243-47">[47]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Egypt">Egypt</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Egypt">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prayer_in_the_House_of_the_Arnaut_Chief_by_Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Prayer_in_the_House_of_the_Arnaut_Chief_by_Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me.jpg/220px-Prayer_in_the_House_of_the_Arnaut_Chief_by_Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Prayer_in_the_House_of_the_Arnaut_Chief_by_Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me.jpg/330px-Prayer_in_the_House_of_the_Arnaut_Chief_by_Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Prayer_in_the_House_of_the_Arnaut_Chief_by_Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me.jpg/440px-Prayer_in_the_House_of_the_Arnaut_Chief_by_Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1399" /></a><figcaption>Prayer in the house of an <a href="/wiki/Arnaut" title="Arnaut">Arnaut</a> chief, by <a href="/wiki/Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me" title="Jean-Léon Gérôme">Jean-Léon Gérôme</a>, 1857.</figcaption></figure> The sizeable Albanian <a href="/wiki/Security_guards" class="mw-redirect" title="Security guards">guards</a> and <a href="/wiki/Janissary" title="Janissary">janissary</a> troops who <a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Egypt" title="Albanians in Egypt">settled</a> on the banks of the <a href="/wiki/Nile" title="Nile">Nile</a> during the early rule of <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_of_Egypt" title="Muhammad Ali of Egypt">Mehmed Ali</a>' dynasty were noted for their swagger, their weapons and their costumes, particularly for the pleats of their typical white fustanellas. Those costumes played a major role in <a href="/wiki/Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me" title="Jean-Léon Gérôme">Jean-Léon Gérôme</a>'s paintings.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> Albanian volunteers and <a href="/wiki/Mounted_infantry" title="Mounted infantry">mounted infantry</a> were called <a href="/wiki/Arnaut" title="Arnaut">Arnauts</a> in Egypt, and they were greatly valued in the Egyptian Army, especially for their traditional role as <a href="/wiki/Skirmishers" class="mw-redirect" title="Skirmishers">skirmishers</a>, experts of <a href="/wiki/Mountain_warfare" title="Mountain warfare">mountain fighting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Patrolling" title="Patrolling">patrolling</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bodyguard" title="Bodyguard">bodyguard</a> units. Contemporary commentators about their dress described their fustanella as "a white many folded" and "a white linen petticoat of enormous size, hanging in numberless plaits from the waist to the knee".<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> In the 1930s the fustanella continued to characterise Albanian guards in Egypt, as witnessed by Egyptian scholar <a href="/wiki/Magdi_Wahba" title="Magdi Wahba">Magdi Wahba</a> around the department stores in Cairo.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWahba1990103–104-62">[62]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Greece">Greece</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Greece">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:12th_century_Greek_Warrior_Fustanella.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/12th_century_Greek_Warrior_Fustanella.JPG/300px-12th_century_Greek_Warrior_Fustanella.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/12th_century_Greek_Warrior_Fustanella.JPG/450px-12th_century_Greek_Warrior_Fustanella.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/12th_century_Greek_Warrior_Fustanella.JPG/600px-12th_century_Greek_Warrior_Fustanella.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1021" data-file-height="487" /></a><figcaption>Sgraffito pottery fragments from the 12th century showing Greek warriors thought to be wearing the fustanella, from <a href="/wiki/Corinth" title="Corinth">Corinth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Morgan132–133-63">[63]</a></figcaption></figure> It has been suggested that the fustanella was already in common use in Greek lands as early as the 12th century.<a href="#cite_note-Vroom-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-Morgan132–133-63">[63]</a> <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine</a> warriors, in particular the <a href="/wiki/Akritai" title="Akritai">Akritai</a>, wearing fustanella, are depicted in contemporary <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_art" title="Byzantine art">Byzantine art</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Vroom-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> On Byzantine <a href="/wiki/Pottery_sherds" class="mw-redirect" title="Pottery sherds">pottery sherds</a> from Greece, <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Vroom-64">[64]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chersonesus#Byzantine_era" title="Chersonesus">Chersonesus</a>,<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> <a href="/wiki/Warrior" title="Warrior">warriors</a> are shown bearing weapons and wearing the heavy pleated fustanella.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> This is also confirmed by the <a href="/wiki/Medieval_Greek" title="Medieval Greek">Medieval Greek</a> <a href="/wiki/Acritic_songs" title="Acritic songs">acritic songs</a> of the 12th century;<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> it has been suggested that 11th-century <a href="/wiki/Illuminated_manuscript" title="Illuminated manuscript">illuminated manuscripts</a> of the songs served as prototypes for later depictions.<a href="#cite_note-Vroom-64">[64]</a> The garment is also depicted on early 14th-century <a href="/wiki/Fresco" title="Fresco">frescoes</a> in the church of <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Saint_Nicholas_Orphanos" title="Church of Saint Nicholas Orphanos">Saint Nicholas Orphanos</a> in <a href="/wiki/Thessaloniki" title="Thessaloniki">Thessaloniki</a>, and the church of Holy Cross of Agiasmati in Cyprus.<a href="#cite_note-Vroom-64">[64]</a> The full-pleated fustanella was worn by the Byzantine <a href="/wiki/Akritai" title="Akritai">Akritic</a> warriors originally as a military outfit, and seems to have been reserved for people of importance.<a href="#cite_note-Morgan132–133-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> It was frequently worn in conjunction with <a href="/wiki/Bow_and_arrow" title="Bow and arrow">bows</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sword" title="Sword">swords</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Battle_axe" title="Battle axe">battle-axes</a> and frequently shown covered with a jointed <a href="/wiki/Corselet" title="Corselet">corselet</a>, or with a vest of <a href="/wiki/Chain_mail" title="Chain mail">chain mail</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Morgan132–133-63">[63]</a> Being a suitable garment for guerrilla mountain units, it might have been worn by the <a href="/wiki/Klephts" class="mw-redirect" title="Klephts">klephts</a> of the Greek Revolution of 1821–1830 for the same reason it would have been worn by the akritai warriors of the Byzantine era earlier.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Greek_from_Ioannina,_by_Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_-_1827.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/A_Greek_from_Ioannina%2C_by_Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_-_1827.jpg/200px-A_Greek_from_Ioannina%2C_by_Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_-_1827.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/A_Greek_from_Ioannina%2C_by_Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_-_1827.jpg/300px-A_Greek_from_Ioannina%2C_by_Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_-_1827.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/A_Greek_from_Ioannina%2C_by_Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_-_1827.jpg/400px-A_Greek_from_Ioannina%2C_by_Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_-_1827.jpg 2x" data-file-width="542" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Un Grec de Janina (1827) by Lous Dupré, originally published in 1825 with the title Albanais au service d'Ali Pacha.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> The subject was encountered by Dupré in 1820 and described by him as a young <a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanian</a> lord who impressed him by his politeness, dexterity, noble brow and proud look, as well as his costume and weapons.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a></figcaption></figure> Southern Albanians introduced their traditional costume with fustanella when they migrated in territories of present-day Greece,<a href="#cite_note-Skafidas146-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWelters199559-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-Tzanelli-75">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-Maxwell170-76">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELangkjær2012114-31">[31]</a> subsequently becoming part of the national dress of Greece as a consequence of their settlement in the region.<a href="#cite_note-Bialor-77">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-Skafidas148b-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELangkjær2012114-31">[31]</a> The Albanian warrior dress with fustanella spread among armed irregulars – <a href="/wiki/Klephts" class="mw-redirect" title="Klephts">klephts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Armatoles" title="Armatoles">armatoles</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVolait2021202-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaleva202177–85-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaleva2017241–243-47">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScarce2017170–172-44">[44]</a> – in the pre-revolutionary period,<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> and was worn by revolutionary fighters during the <a href="/wiki/Greek_War_of_Independence" title="Greek War of Independence">Greek War of Independence</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVolait2021202-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaleva202177–85-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaleva2017241–243-47">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScarce2017170–172-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-Speake-81">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELangkjær2012114-31">[31]</a> In the early 19th century, the costume's popularity rose among the Greek population.<a href="#cite_note-Angelomatis-Tsougarakis106-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gerolymatos2003-84">[84]</a> During the era of post-independence Greece, parts of Greek society such as townspeople shed their Turkish-style clothing and adopted the fustanella which symbolised solidarity with new Greek democracy.<a href="#cite_note-Welters1995-85">[85]</a> Philhellene enthusiasm for the fustanella survived knowledge of its Albanian origins.<a href="#cite_note-Maxwell170-76">[76]</a> It became difficult thereafter to distinguish the fustanella as clothing worn by male Arvanites from clothing worn by wider parts of Greek society.<a href="#cite_note-Welters1995-85">[85]</a> Its popularity in the <a href="/wiki/Morea" title="Morea">Morea</a> (Peloponnese) was attributed to the influence of the <a href="/wiki/Arvanitika" title="Arvanitika">Arvanite</a> community of <a href="/wiki/Hydra_(island)" title="Hydra (island)">Hydra</a> and other Albanian-speaking settlements in the area.<a href="#cite_note-Angelomatis-Tsougarakis106-83">[83]</a> The Hydriotes however could not have played a significant role in its development since they did not wear the fustanella, but similar costumes to the other Greek islanders.<a href="#cite_note-Angelomatis-Tsougarakis106-83">[83]</a> In other regions of Greece the popularity of the fustanella was attributed to the elevation of Albanians as an Ottoman ruling class such as <a href="/wiki/Ali_Pasha_of_Yanina" class="mw-redirect" title="Ali Pasha of Yanina">Ali Pasha</a>, the semi-independent ruler of the <a href="/wiki/Pashalik_of_Yanina" title="Pashalik of Yanina">Pashalik of Yanina</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Angelomatis-Tsougarakis106-83">[83]</a> In those areas, its lightweight design and manageability in comparison to the clothing of the Greek upper classes of the era also made it fashionable amongst them in adopting the fustanella.<a href="#cite_note-Angelomatis-Tsougarakis106-83">[83]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Albanian_Palikars_in_pursuit_of_an_enemy_--_Charles_Robert_Cockerell,_1813-1814_--_British_Museum,_inv._1923,0113.30.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Albanian_Palikars_in_pursuit_of_an_enemy_--_Charles_Robert_Cockerell%2C_1813-1814_--_British_Museum%2C_inv._1923%2C0113.30.jpg/220px-Albanian_Palikars_in_pursuit_of_an_enemy_--_Charles_Robert_Cockerell%2C_1813-1814_--_British_Museum%2C_inv._1923%2C0113.30.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Albanian_Palikars_in_pursuit_of_an_enemy_--_Charles_Robert_Cockerell%2C_1813-1814_--_British_Museum%2C_inv._1923%2C0113.30.jpg/330px-Albanian_Palikars_in_pursuit_of_an_enemy_--_Charles_Robert_Cockerell%2C_1813-1814_--_British_Museum%2C_inv._1923%2C0113.30.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Albanian_Palikars_in_pursuit_of_an_enemy_--_Charles_Robert_Cockerell%2C_1813-1814_--_British_Museum%2C_inv._1923%2C0113.30.jpg/440px-Albanian_Palikars_in_pursuit_of_an_enemy_--_Charles_Robert_Cockerell%2C_1813-1814_--_British_Museum%2C_inv._1923%2C0113.30.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1507" /></a><figcaption>Albanian palikars in pursuit of an enemy (1813-4). Watercolour by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Robert_Cockerell" title="Charles Robert Cockerell">Charles Robert Cockerell</a> showing <a href="/wiki/Souliotes" title="Souliotes">Souliot</a> warriors wearing their traditional costume.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a></figcaption></figure> The Albanian-style costume with fustanella was used in the <a href="/wiki/Ionian_Islands" title="Ionian Islands">Ionian Islands</a> by the Albanian warriors, initially within an Albanian militia that was raised by the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russians</a> in 1799, and which was transferred to the French in 1807, after the recovering of the Ionian Islands. On 12 October 1807 <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a> also approved the recruitment of roughly 3,000 Albanians who had moved to the Ionian Islands, for the most part refugees fleeing the Albanian coast because of the harsh authority of the Ottoman Albanian ruler <a href="/wiki/Ali_Pasha_of_Janina" class="mw-redirect" title="Ali Pasha of Janina">Ali Pasha of Janina</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrnardic200437–38-22">[22]</a> On 12 December 1807 they were organized as the <a href="/wiki/Albanian_Regiment_(France)" title="Albanian Regiment (France)">Albanian Regiment</a>. Local Greeks, Italians and Dalmatians were additionally recruited, however the regiment never achieved its official establishment of 3,254.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrnardic200437-90">[90]</a> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Richard_Church_Greek_Light_Infantry_of_the_Duke_of_York_1813_by_Denis_Dighton.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Richard_Church_Greek_Light_Infantry_of_the_Duke_of_York_1813_by_Denis_Dighton.jpg/200px-Richard_Church_Greek_Light_Infantry_of_the_Duke_of_York_1813_by_Denis_Dighton.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Richard_Church_Greek_Light_Infantry_of_the_Duke_of_York_1813_by_Denis_Dighton.jpg/300px-Richard_Church_Greek_Light_Infantry_of_the_Duke_of_York_1813_by_Denis_Dighton.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Richard_Church_Greek_Light_Infantry_of_the_Duke_of_York_1813_by_Denis_Dighton.jpg/400px-Richard_Church_Greek_Light_Infantry_of_the_Duke_of_York_1813_by_Denis_Dighton.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1121" data-file-height="1454" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Richard_Church_(general)" title="Richard Church (general)">Richard Church</a>, first commander of the <a href="/wiki/1st_Regiment_Greek_Light_Infantry" title="1st Regiment Greek Light Infantry">1st Regiment Greek Light Infantry</a> of the British army, wearing the regimental uniform based on the Albanian traditional warrior costume and a <a href="/wiki/Dragoon_helmet" title="Dragoon helmet">dragoon helmet</a>, 1813.<a href="#cite_note-Chartrand&Courcelle-38">[38]</a></figcaption></figure> The first time the fustanella was worn as part of a standardised military uniform in territories of present-day Greece was in 1810 in the <a href="/wiki/1st_Regiment_Greek_Light_Infantry" title="1st Regiment Greek Light Infantry">British regiment of Zakynthos</a>, which consisted mainly of Albanians and Greeks.<a href="#cite_note-Chartrand&Courcelle-38">[38]</a> The men of the regiment were reported as wearing "Albanian dress"; their orders stated "clothing and accoutrements were to be made in the Albanian fashion". Enlisted men wore red jackets with yellow cuffs, facings, and trim; for the officers, these were gold and white, over a white shirt, foustanella, breeches and stockings.<a href="#cite_note-Chartrand&Courcelle-38">[38]</a> In the Peloponnese, the <a href="/wiki/Maniots" title="Maniots">Greeks of Mani</a> did not traditionally wear the fustanella, they used to dress voluminous trousers. Written evidence that some version of the Albanian costume were in use in the Pelopponese was provided by <a href="/wiki/William_Martin_Leake" title="William Martin Leake">William Martin Leake</a> in March 1805, when he met a local Albanian Bey accompanied by Albanian soldiers. Leake also wrote about the Albanian costume during a visit to Hassan Bey, governor of <a href="/wiki/Monemvasia" title="Monemvasia">Monemvasia</a>, reporting that "The Albanian dress is daily becoming more customary, both in the Morea and in the rest of Greece; in the latter from the great increase of the Albanian power; in the Morea, probably in consequence of the prosperity of Ydhra, which is an Albanian colony, and of the settlements of Albanian peasantry that have been made in some parts of the Morea, particularly Argolis, as well as in the neighbouring provinces of Attica and Boeotia."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScarce2017170–171-39">[39]</a> Following the Greek independence, fustanella and associated embroidered waistcoats and jackets that were worn by the revolutionary fighters were adopted by the nascent <a href="/wiki/Greek_army" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek army">Greek army</a>. In 1835, it was proclaimed the official court costume by <a href="/wiki/King_Otto_of_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="King Otto of Greece">King Otto of Greece</a> and eventually it became the <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greek</a> national dress.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-6">[6]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9E%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2_(1855).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/%D0%9E%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2_%281855%29.jpg/220px-%D0%9E%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2_%281855%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/%D0%9E%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2_%281855%29.jpg/330px-%D0%9E%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2_%281855%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/%D0%9E%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2_%281855%29.jpg/440px-%D0%9E%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2_%281855%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="523" /></a><figcaption>Detachment of Greek Volunteers (1855) by <a href="/wiki/Georg_Wilhelm_Timm" title="Georg Wilhelm Timm">Vasily Timm</a>, during the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_War" title="Crimean War">Crimean War (1853–1856)</a>.</figcaption></figure> During the reign of King Otto (1832–1862), the fustanella was worn by the king, the royal court and the military, while it became a service uniform imposed on government officials to wear even when abroad.<a href="#cite_note-Maxwell172-91">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-Skafidas150-92">[92]</a> In that period the dress system in Greece evolved, and most of the Greeks were increasingly wearing European garments, while traditional clothing was still preserved in villages. The uniform with the typical fustanella was mainly used in the army as well as on ceremonial events and feasts.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScarce2017172-93">[93]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_War" title="Crimean War">Crimean War (1853–1856)</a>, fustanella was worn by volunteers serving in the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Volunteer_Legion" title="Greek Volunteer Legion">Greek Volunteer Legion</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETodorova1984544-94">[94]</a> In 1855, it was insisted that the Greek volunteers should abandon the fustanella and adopt uniforms that were similar to the Russian ones; arguing that the costume of the Greeks was not suitable for military conditions. Aristidis Chrisovergis, one of the commanders, strongly opposed this and refused to take off the fustanella.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETodorova1984559-95">[95]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:111px;max-width:111px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:none;height:177px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Greek_Fustanella_-_Vervena,_Arcadia,_Greece.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Greek_Fustanella_-_Vervena%2C_Arcadia%2C_Greece.jpg/109px-Greek_Fustanella_-_Vervena%2C_Arcadia%2C_Greece.jpg" decoding="async" width="109" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Greek_Fustanella_-_Vervena%2C_Arcadia%2C_Greece.jpg/164px-Greek_Fustanella_-_Vervena%2C_Arcadia%2C_Greece.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Greek_Fustanella_-_Vervena%2C_Arcadia%2C_Greece.jpg/218px-Greek_Fustanella_-_Vervena%2C_Arcadia%2C_Greece.jpg 2x" data-file-width="594" data-file-height="972" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:107px;max-width:107px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:none;height:177px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Vlach_Shepherd.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Vlach_Shepherd.png/105px-Vlach_Shepherd.png" decoding="async" width="105" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Vlach_Shepherd.png/158px-Vlach_Shepherd.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Vlach_Shepherd.png/210px-Vlach_Shepherd.png 2x" data-file-width="239" data-file-height="404" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">An old man in Arcadia, Greece (left). <a href="/wiki/Aromanians" title="Aromanians">Aromanian</a> shepherd in traditional clothes, early 1900s, Manaki Brothers Archive (right).</div></div></div></div> Greek villagers of Albanian origin continued to wear the fustanella or the poukamiso (an elongated shirt) on a daily basis until the 20th century.<a href="#cite_note-Speake-81">[81]</a> Of the Roumeliotes, the nomadic Greek-speaking <a href="/wiki/Sarakatsani" title="Sarakatsani">Sarakatsani</a> pastoralists wore either trousers or the fustanella, depending on the local tradition.<a href="#cite_note-Welters1995a-96">[96]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Aromanians" title="Aromanians">Aromanians</a>, a Latin-speaking people who lived within Greece also wore the fustanella or trousers depending on the region.<a href="#cite_note-Welters1995a-96">[96]</a> In terms of geographical spread, the fustanella never became part of the clothing worn in the <a href="/wiki/Aegean_islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Aegean islands">Aegean islands</a>, whereas in <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a> it was associated with the heroes of the Greek War of Independence (1821) in local theatrical productions and seldom as a government uniform.<a href="#cite_note-Maxwell176-97">[97]</a> The men of the Greek presidential guard, founded in 1868, wear the fustanella as part of their official dress.<a href="#cite_note-Papaloizos-98">[98]</a> By the late 19th century, the popularity of the fustanella in Greece began to fade when Western-style clothing was introduced.<a href="#cite_note-Skafidas150-92">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-Maxwell176-97">[97]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sarakatsani_Western_Macedonia_1935.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Sarakatsani_Western_Macedonia_1935.jpg/220px-Sarakatsani_Western_Macedonia_1935.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Sarakatsani_Western_Macedonia_1935.jpg/330px-Sarakatsani_Western_Macedonia_1935.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Sarakatsani_Western_Macedonia_1935.jpg/440px-Sarakatsani_Western_Macedonia_1935.jpg 2x" data-file-width="653" data-file-height="466" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sarakatsani" title="Sarakatsani">Sarakatsani</a> men in Western Macedonia, Greece, 1935.</figcaption></figure> The fustanella film (or fustanella drama) was a popular genre in the <a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Greece" title="Cinema of Greece">Greek cinema</a> from 1930s to 1960s.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> This genre emphasized on depictions of rural Greece and was focused on the differences between rural and urban Greece. In general it offered an idealized depiction of the Greek village, where the fustanella was a typical image.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> In Greece today, the garment is seen a relic of a past era with which most members of the younger generations do not identify.<a href="#cite_note-Skafidas151-101">[101]</a> The Greek fustanella differs from the Albanian fustanella in that the former garment has a higher number of pleats. For example, the "Bridegroom's coat", worn throughout the districts of Attica and Boeotia, was a type of Greek fustanella unique for its 200 pleats; a bride would purchase it as a wedding gift for her groom (if she could afford the garment).<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> A fustanella is worn with a yileki (bolero), a mendani (waistcoat) and a fermeli (sleeveless coat). The selachi (leather belt) with gold or silver embroidery, is worn around the waist over the fustanella, in which the armatoloi and the klephts placed their arms.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> During the 18th and early 19th centuries, the skirts hung below the knees and the hem of the garment was gathered together with <a href="/wiki/Garters" class="mw-redirect" title="Garters">garters</a> while tucked into the boots to create a "bloused" effect. Later, during the <a href="/wiki/History_of_Modern_Greece##Reign_of_King_Othon" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Modern Greece">Bavarian regency</a>, the skirts were shortened to create a sort of billowy <a href="/wiki/Trousers" title="Trousers">pantaloon</a> that stopped above the knee; this garment was worn with <a href="/wiki/Hose_(clothing)" title="Hose (clothing)">hose</a>, and either <a href="/wiki/Buskin" title="Buskin">buskins</a> or decorative <a href="/wiki/Clogs" class="mw-redirect" title="Clogs">clogs</a>. This is the costume worn by the <a href="/wiki/Evzones" title="Evzones">Evzones</a>, light mountain troops of the <a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Army" title="Hellenic Army">Hellenic Army</a>. Today it is still worn by the ceremonial <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Guard_(Greece)" title="Presidential Guard (Greece)">Presidential Guard</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Papaloizos-98">[98]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Italy">Italy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Italy">edit</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Achille_Deveria_Albanian_Family_in_Calabria.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Achille_Deveria_Albanian_Family_in_Calabria.jpg/150px-Achille_Deveria_Albanian_Family_in_Calabria.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Achille_Deveria_Albanian_Family_in_Calabria.jpg/225px-Achille_Deveria_Albanian_Family_in_Calabria.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Achille_Deveria_Albanian_Family_in_Calabria.jpg/300px-Achille_Deveria_Albanian_Family_in_Calabria.jpg 2x" data-file-width="461" data-file-height="714" /></a><figcaption>Albanian family in Calabria in the 1830s.</figcaption></figure> The fustanella has been in usage among the <a href="/wiki/Arb%C3%ABresh%C3%AB_people" title="Arbëreshë people">Arbëreshë people</a> since their arrival in Italy.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGjergji2000182-104">[104]</a> In the late 18th century the Albanian traditional warrior costume with fustanella was worn by the Albanian troops in the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples" title="Kingdom of Naples">Kingdom of Naples</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERomagnoli201068-105">[105]</a> The Albanian Regiments were disbanded in 1789, however they were restored in 1798 constituting the "Albanian Volunteer Hunters Battalion" (<a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: "Battaglione Cacciatori Volontari Albanesi"). In 1800 they merged into the Royal Macedonian Regiment (It. "Real Macedonia"), where soldiers were recruited from their homeland until 1812, when the Regiment was disbanded. In 1813 the 526 veterans were sent to their homeland. In 1815, <a href="/wiki/King_Ferdinand_of_Naples" class="mw-redirect" title="King Ferdinand of Naples">King Ferdinand of Naples</a> commissioned the <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British</a> General <a href="/wiki/Richard_Church_(general)" title="Richard Church (general)">Richard Church</a> to reorganize the Royal Macedonian Regiment called "Macedonian Hunters" (It. "Cacciatori Macedoni") or "Royal Albanian" (It. "Real Albanese") or "Royal Hunters" (It. "Reali Cacciatori").<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERomagnoli201068-105">[105]</a> In 1818 the unit was incorporated into the "Foreign Regiment" (It. "Reggimento Esteri"), constituting in 1820 its 3rd Battalion that was called "Foreign Hunters" (It. "Cacciatori Estero"). It was disbanded on 6 July 1820 after the assassination attempt on King Ferdinand by the Arbëresh Agesilao Milani. Thereafter the exonerated soldiers were sent to their homeland.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERomagnoli201069-106">[106]</a> The fustanella has been a symbol of economic wealth among Arbëreshë people.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETrapuzzano20059-107">[107]</a> It is worn by Arbëreshë men during festivals.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETrapuzzano20059-107">[107]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="North_Macedonia">North Macedonia</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: North Macedonia">edit</a>]</div> In Macedonia, the fustanella was worn in the regions of <a href="/wiki/Azot_(region)" title="Azot (region)">Azot</a>, Babuna, <a href="/wiki/Gevgelija_Municipality" title="Gevgelija Municipality">Gevgelija</a>, the southern area of the <a href="/wiki/South_Morava" title="South Morava">South Morava</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ov%C4%8De_Pole" title="Ovče Pole">Ovče Pole</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lake_Prespa" title="Lake Prespa">Lake Prespa</a>, Skopska Blatija, and <a href="/wiki/Tikve%C5%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="Tikveš">Tikveš</a>. In that area, it is known as fustan, ajta, or toska. The use of the term toska could be attributed to the hypothesis that the costume was introduced to certain regions within <a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(region)" title="Macedonia (region)">Macedonia</a> as a cultural borrowing from the Albanians of Toskëria (subregion of southern Albania).<a href="#cite_note-Gjergji207-108">[108]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Moldova_and_Wallachia">Moldova and Wallachia</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Moldova and Wallachia">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Beizadea_Grigore_Gr._Ghica,_1845.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Beizadea_Grigore_Gr._Ghica%2C_1845.jpg/220px-Beizadea_Grigore_Gr._Ghica%2C_1845.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Beizadea_Grigore_Gr._Ghica%2C_1845.jpg/330px-Beizadea_Grigore_Gr._Ghica%2C_1845.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Beizadea_Grigore_Gr._Ghica%2C_1845.jpg/440px-Beizadea_Grigore_Gr._Ghica%2C_1845.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1209" data-file-height="535" /></a><figcaption>Begzade Grigore Gr. <a href="/wiki/Ghica_family" title="Ghica family">Ghica</a> accompanied by an Albanian bodyguard in traditional costume, 1845.</figcaption></figure> In the 18th and 19th centuries many foreign travellers recorded that the bodyguards of the princely courts of Moldova and Wallachia were dressed with the Albanian fustanella.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMesi201947-48">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Turkey">Turkey</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Turkey">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:113px;max-width:113px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:none;height:139px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:20_-_Soldier_of_Albania.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/20_-_Soldier_of_Albania.jpg/111px-20_-_Soldier_of_Albania.jpg" decoding="async" width="111" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/20_-_Soldier_of_Albania.jpg/167px-20_-_Soldier_of_Albania.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/20_-_Soldier_of_Albania.jpg/222px-20_-_Soldier_of_Albania.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="880" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:105px;max-width:105px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:none;height:139px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Amadeo_Preziosi_Albanians_Mercenaries_in_the_Ottoman_Army.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Amadeo_Preziosi_Albanians_Mercenaries_in_the_Ottoman_Army.jpg/103px-Amadeo_Preziosi_Albanians_Mercenaries_in_the_Ottoman_Army.jpg" decoding="async" width="103" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Amadeo_Preziosi_Albanians_Mercenaries_in_the_Ottoman_Army.jpg/155px-Amadeo_Preziosi_Albanians_Mercenaries_in_the_Ottoman_Army.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Amadeo_Preziosi_Albanians_Mercenaries_in_the_Ottoman_Army.jpg/206px-Amadeo_Preziosi_Albanians_Mercenaries_in_the_Ottoman_Army.jpg 2x" data-file-width="602" data-file-height="816" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Albanian soldier in the Ottoman army, 1813 (left). Albanian soldiers in Constantinople, 1857 (right).</div></div></div></div> In the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_era" title="Napoleonic era">Napoleonic era</a> (1799–1815) the Albanian mercenary troops (Muslim <a href="/wiki/Arnaut" title="Arnaut">Arnaut</a>), whose traditional costume included the fustanella, were counted among the paid Turkish Government Troops, along with the <a href="/wiki/Janissary" title="Janissary">Janissary</a> troops.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlaherty202338–39-33">[33]</a> In 1808 Albanian Troops of Bayraktar Mustafa Pasha marched beside the new Sultan <a href="/wiki/Mahmud_II" title="Mahmud II">Mahmud II</a> along <a href="/wiki/Mese_(Constantinople)" title="Mese (Constantinople)">Divan Yolu</a>, the Imperial Road that led to the Imperial Council from Constantinople, following the <a href="/wiki/Sword_of_Osman" title="Sword of Osman">Sultan's Sword Girding</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlaherty202338–39-33">[33]</a> In the 1820s the authorities of the <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Administrative divisions of the Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Provincial Governments</a> overall preferred Arnaut mercenary troops over any of the standing army troops. After 1826 these Albanian troops were employed in various armies as frontier battalions when the new <a href="/wiki/Asakir-i_Mansure-i_Muhammediye" title="Asakir-i Mansure-i Muhammediye">Mansure Army</a> was established within the Ottoman army by Mahmud II.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlaherty202338–39-33">[33]</a> In the 19th century Albanian warriors found immediate employment remarkably in <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>, hired as <a href="/wiki/Security_guard" title="Security guard">guards</a> of foreign embassies and the homes of the wealthy. They wore their traditional dress with fustanella, which evolved from an untidy costume into a formal uniform that exhibited the status of their employers.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScarce2017164-109">[109]</a> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tatavla_Carnival.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tatavla_Carnival.jpg/180px-Tatavla_Carnival.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tatavla_Carnival.jpg/270px-Tatavla_Carnival.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tatavla_Carnival.jpg/360px-Tatavla_Carnival.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3313" data-file-height="2128" /></a><figcaption>Greek men during the Baklahorani carnival in Istanbul, early 20th century</figcaption></figure> In the <a href="/wiki/Baklahorani" title="Baklahorani">Baklahorani</a> annual carnival of the Greek community in Istanbul the traditional fustanella was among the popular costumes worn by the Greek youth.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: United States">edit</a>]</div> In the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, the fustanella is identified with Albanian and Greek populations. It can be frequently seen in Albanian and Greek folk festivals and parades across the country.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Name">edit</a>]</div> The word fustanella derives from <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a> fustagno '<a href="/wiki/Fustian" title="Fustian">fustian</a>' and -ella (diminutive), the fabric from which the earliest fustanella were made. This in turn derives from <a href="/wiki/Medieval_Latin" title="Medieval Latin">Medieval Latin</a> fūstāneum, perhaps a <a href="/wiki/Diminutive" title="Diminutive">diminutive</a> form of fustis, "wooden baton". Other authors consider this a <a href="/wiki/Calque" title="Calque">calque</a> of <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> xylino (ξύλινο), literally "wooden" i.e. "cotton";<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> others speculate that it is derived from <a href="/wiki/Fostat" class="mw-redirect" title="Fostat">Fostat</a>, a suburb of <a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a> where cloth was manufactured.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> The garment is also known by other names; including tsamika/çamika, associated with the ethnonym of the Albanian sub-group <a href="/wiki/Cham_Albanians" title="Cham Albanians">Chams</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKoço201515-114">[114]</a> and kleftiki, associated with brigands known as <a href="/wiki/Klephts" class="mw-redirect" title="Klephts">klephts</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBada1995137-115">[115]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Name_in_various_languages">Name in various languages</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Name in various languages">edit</a>]</div> Words for "skirt" and "dress" included for comparison. <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Language </th> <th>Short skirt </th> <th>Skirt </th> <th>Dress </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Albanian</a> </td> <td>fustanellë/fustanella </td> <td>fund </td> <td>fustan </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aromanian_language" title="Aromanian language">Aromanian</a> </td> <td>fustanelã </td> <td>fustã </td> <td>fustanã </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a> </td> <td>фустанела (fustanela) </td> <td>фуста (fusta) </td> <td>фустан (fustan) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> </td> <td>φουστανέλλα (foustanélla) </td> <td>φούστα (foústa) </td> <td>φουστάνι (foustáni) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a> </td> <td>fustanella </td> <td>gonna </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_language" title="Macedonian language">Macedonian</a> </td> <td>фустан (fustan) </td> <td>фустан (fustan) </td> <td>фустан (fustan) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Megleno-Romanian_language" title="Megleno-Romanian language">Megleno-Romanian</a> </td> <td>fustan </td> <td> </td> <td>fustan </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Romanian_language" title="Romanian language">Romanian</a> </td> <td>fustanelă </td> <td>fustă </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Serbo-Croatian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbo-Croatian language">Serbo-Croatian</a> </td> <td>фустанела fustanela </td> <td>фистан fistan </td> <td>фистан fistan </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>fistan </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Gallery">edit</a>]</div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:BASA-1932K-1-426-5-Georgi_Kasapcheto.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ioryi Mucitano, the first leader of the first Aromanian band in the IMRO."><img alt="Ioryi Mucitano, the first leader of the first Aromanian band in the IMRO." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/BASA-1932K-1-426-5-Georgi_Kasapcheto.jpg/76px-BASA-1932K-1-426-5-Georgi_Kasapcheto.jpg" decoding="async" width="76" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/BASA-1932K-1-426-5-Georgi_Kasapcheto.jpg/114px-BASA-1932K-1-426-5-Georgi_Kasapcheto.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/BASA-1932K-1-426-5-Georgi_Kasapcheto.jpg/152px-BASA-1932K-1-426-5-Georgi_Kasapcheto.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3091" data-file-height="4864" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ioryi_Mucitano" title="Ioryi Mucitano">Ioryi Mucitano</a>, the first leader of the first Aromanian band in the <a href="/wiki/Internal_Macedonian_Revolutionary_Organization" title="Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization">IMRO</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Greek_and_Arnaut_1862_Fustanella.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A Greek and an Albanian wearing the Fustanella costume, Russia, 1862."><img alt="A Greek and an Albanian wearing the Fustanella costume, Russia, 1862." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Greek_and_Arnaut_1862_Fustanella.jpg/73px-Greek_and_Arnaut_1862_Fustanella.jpg" decoding="async" width="73" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Greek_and_Arnaut_1862_Fustanella.jpg/109px-Greek_and_Arnaut_1862_Fustanella.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Greek_and_Arnaut_1862_Fustanella.jpg/145px-Greek_and_Arnaut_1862_Fustanella.jpg 2x" data-file-width="906" data-file-height="1494" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">A Greek and an Albanian wearing the Fustanella costume, Russia, 1862.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Ethnological_section_of_the_Museum_of_the_Republic_of_North_Macedonia.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Macedonian costumes at the Museum of North Macedonia in Skopje."><img alt="Macedonian costumes at the Museum of North Macedonia in Skopje." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Ethnological_section_of_the_Museum_of_the_Republic_of_North_Macedonia.jpg/120px-Ethnological_section_of_the_Museum_of_the_Republic_of_North_Macedonia.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Ethnological_section_of_the_Museum_of_the_Republic_of_North_Macedonia.jpg/180px-Ethnological_section_of_the_Museum_of_the_Republic_of_North_Macedonia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Ethnological_section_of_the_Museum_of_the_Republic_of_North_Macedonia.jpg/240px-Ethnological_section_of_the_Museum_of_the_Republic_of_North_Macedonia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Macedonian costumes at the Museum of North Macedonia in Skopje.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Fustanella_Greek_Costume_1835.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Greek General of the Royal Phalanx in full dress uniform, 1835."><img alt="Greek General of the Royal Phalanx in full dress uniform, 1835." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Fustanella_Greek_Costume_1835.JPG/63px-Fustanella_Greek_Costume_1835.JPG" decoding="async" width="63" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Fustanella_Greek_Costume_1835.JPG/94px-Fustanella_Greek_Costume_1835.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Fustanella_Greek_Costume_1835.JPG/126px-Fustanella_Greek_Costume_1835.JPG 2x" data-file-width="283" data-file-height="539" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Greek <a href="/wiki/Strategos" title="Strategos">General</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Phalanx" title="Royal Phalanx">Royal Phalanx</a> in full dress uniform, 1835.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Spiridon_louis.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Spiridon Louis, Olympic marathon champion (1896)."><img alt="Spiridon Louis, Olympic marathon champion (1896)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Spiridon_louis.jpg/67px-Spiridon_louis.jpg" decoding="async" width="67" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Spiridon_louis.jpg/101px-Spiridon_louis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Spiridon_louis.jpg/135px-Spiridon_louis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="283" data-file-height="503" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Spiridon_Louis" class="mw-redirect" title="Spiridon Louis">Spiridon Louis</a>, Olympic marathon champion (1896).</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B8_-_%D0%9D%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="At the carnival in Venice, painting by Mikhail Scotti."><img alt="At the carnival in Venice, painting by Mikhail Scotti." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B8_-_%D0%9D%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8.jpg/95px-%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B8_-_%D0%9D%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B8_-_%D0%9D%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8.jpg/142px-%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B8_-_%D0%9D%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B8_-_%D0%9D%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8.jpg/190px-%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B8_-_%D0%9D%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8.jpg 2x" data-file-width="886" data-file-height="1120" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">At the carnival in Venice, painting by <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Scotti" title="Mikhail Scotti">Mikhail Scotti</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Greek_guard_uniforms_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Greek Presidential Guard officer, Athens."><img alt="Greek Presidential Guard officer, Athens." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Greek_guard_uniforms_1.jpg/90px-Greek_guard_uniforms_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Greek_guard_uniforms_1.jpg/135px-Greek_guard_uniforms_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Greek_guard_uniforms_1.jpg/180px-Greek_guard_uniforms_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Greek Presidential Guard officer, Athens.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Arnaut-in-Cairo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Albanian in Cairo, by Jean-Léon Gérôme, c. 1880"><img alt="Albanian in Cairo, by Jean-Léon Gérôme, c. 1880" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Arnaut-in-Cairo.jpg/93px-Arnaut-in-Cairo.jpg" decoding="async" width="93" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Arnaut-in-Cairo.jpg/139px-Arnaut-in-Cairo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Arnaut-in-Cairo.jpg/186px-Arnaut-in-Cairo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="583" data-file-height="752" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Albanian in Cairo, by <a href="/wiki/Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me" title="Jean-Léon Gérôme">Jean-Léon Gérôme</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1880</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Hamza_Kazazi.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Albanian leader Hamza Kazazi, photographed c. 1858"><img alt="Albanian leader Hamza Kazazi, photographed c. 1858" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Hamza_Kazazi.jpg/92px-Hamza_Kazazi.jpg" decoding="async" width="92" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Hamza_Kazazi.jpg/137px-Hamza_Kazazi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Hamza_Kazazi.jpg/183px-Hamza_Kazazi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="535" data-file-height="700" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Albanian leader <a href="/wiki/Hamza_Kazazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamza Kazazi">Hamza Kazazi</a>, photographed <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1858</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Yannis_Ramnalis-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Black fustanella, worn by Greek Macedonian."><img alt="Black fustanella, worn by Greek Macedonian." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Yannis_Ramnalis-1.jpg/77px-Yannis_Ramnalis-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="77" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Yannis_Ramnalis-1.jpg/115px-Yannis_Ramnalis-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Yannis_Ramnalis-1.jpg/153px-Yannis_Ramnalis-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="800" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Black fustanella, worn by <a href="/wiki/Macedonians_(Greeks)" title="Macedonians (Greeks)">Greek Macedonian</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Guard_of_Albania.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Royal Guard of Albania in 1921."><img alt="Royal Guard of Albania in 1921." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Royal_Guard_of_Albania.jpg/120px-Royal_Guard_of_Albania.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Royal_Guard_of_Albania.jpg/180px-Royal_Guard_of_Albania.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Royal_Guard_of_Albania.jpg/240px-Royal_Guard_of_Albania.jpg 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="449" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Royal Guard of Albania in 1921.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Ilio_voivoda.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ilyo Voyvoda was a Bulgarian Macedonian revolutionary (1867)."><img alt="Ilyo Voyvoda was a Bulgarian Macedonian revolutionary (1867)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Ilio_voivoda.jpg/76px-Ilio_voivoda.jpg" decoding="async" width="76" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Ilio_voivoda.jpg/115px-Ilio_voivoda.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Ilio_voivoda.jpg/153px-Ilio_voivoda.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1700" data-file-height="2663" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ilyo_Voyvoda" title="Ilyo Voyvoda">Ilyo Voyvoda</a> was a Bulgarian Macedonian revolutionary (1867).</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Dupr%C3%A9_-_Warrior_of_Sellaida.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Souliote Warrior by Louis Dupré, 1820."><img alt="Souliote Warrior by Louis Dupré, 1820." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Dupr%C3%A9_-_Warrior_of_Sellaida.jpg/87px-Dupr%C3%A9_-_Warrior_of_Sellaida.jpg" decoding="async" width="87" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Dupr%C3%A9_-_Warrior_of_Sellaida.jpg/131px-Dupr%C3%A9_-_Warrior_of_Sellaida.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Dupr%C3%A9_-_Warrior_of_Sellaida.jpg/175px-Dupr%C3%A9_-_Warrior_of_Sellaida.jpg 2x" data-file-width="804" data-file-height="1102" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Souliote Warrior by <a href="/wiki/Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_(painter)" title="Louis Dupré (painter)">Louis Dupré</a>, 1820.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Greek_guard_uniforms_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Guard of honour at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Syntagma Square, Athens, 2006."><img alt="Guard of honour at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Syntagma Square, Athens, 2006." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Greek_guard_uniforms_2.jpg/90px-Greek_guard_uniforms_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Greek_guard_uniforms_2.jpg/135px-Greek_guard_uniforms_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Greek_guard_uniforms_2.jpg/180px-Greek_guard_uniforms_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Guard of honour at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, <a href="/wiki/Syntagma_Square" title="Syntagma Square">Syntagma Square</a>, Athens, 2006.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:EVZONES_GROUP.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Changing of the guards at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, 2005."><img alt="Changing of the guards at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, 2005." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/EVZONES_GROUP.JPG/120px-EVZONES_GROUP.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/EVZONES_GROUP.JPG/180px-EVZONES_GROUP.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/EVZONES_GROUP.JPG/240px-EVZONES_GROUP.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2101" data-file-height="1004" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Changing of the guards at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, 2005.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Sarakatsani_Thrace_1938.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sarakatsani in Thrace, 1938."><img alt="Sarakatsani in Thrace, 1938." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Sarakatsani_Thrace_1938.jpg/100px-Sarakatsani_Thrace_1938.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Sarakatsani_Thrace_1938.jpg/150px-Sarakatsani_Thrace_1938.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Sarakatsani_Thrace_1938.jpg/200px-Sarakatsani_Thrace_1938.jpg 2x" data-file-width="652" data-file-height="783" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Sarakatsani" title="Sarakatsani">Sarakatsani</a> in Thrace, 1938.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Haag_Carl_-_Greek_Warrior_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="An Arvanite warrior in a watercolor painting by Carl Haag, 1861.[116]"><img alt="An Arvanite warrior in a watercolor painting by Carl Haag, 1861.[116]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Haag_Carl_-_Greek_Warrior_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/84px-Haag_Carl_-_Greek_Warrior_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="84" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Haag_Carl_-_Greek_Warrior_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/126px-Haag_Carl_-_Greek_Warrior_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Haag_Carl_-_Greek_Warrior_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/169px-Haag_Carl_-_Greek_Warrior_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2441" data-file-height="3471" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">An <a href="/wiki/Arvanite" class="mw-redirect" title="Arvanite">Arvanite</a> warrior in a watercolor painting by <a href="/wiki/Carl_Haag" title="Carl Haag">Carl Haag</a>, 1861.<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_%E2%80%93_Albanian_Officer_(Officier_Arnaoute),_1894.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Albanian Officer by Jean-Léon Gérôme, 1894."><img alt="Albanian Officer by Jean-Léon Gérôme, 1894." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_%E2%80%93_Albanian_Officer_%28Officier_Arnaoute%29%2C_1894.jpg/99px-Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_%E2%80%93_Albanian_Officer_%28Officier_Arnaoute%29%2C_1894.jpg" decoding="async" width="99" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_%E2%80%93_Albanian_Officer_%28Officier_Arnaoute%29%2C_1894.jpg/148px-Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_%E2%80%93_Albanian_Officer_%28Officier_Arnaoute%29%2C_1894.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_%E2%80%93_Albanian_Officer_%28Officier_Arnaoute%29%2C_1894.jpg/197px-Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_%E2%80%93_Albanian_Officer_%28Officier_Arnaoute%29%2C_1894.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1316" data-file-height="1600" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Albanian Officer by <a href="/wiki/Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me" title="Jean-Léon Gérôme">Jean-Léon Gérôme</a>, 1894. </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:An_Albanian_from_Dymi,_Achaea.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="An Arvanite from Dymi, Achaea, c. 1903[117]"><img alt="An Albanian from Dymi, Achaea, c. 1903" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/An_Albanian_from_Dymi%2C_Achaea.jpg/87px-An_Albanian_from_Dymi%2C_Achaea.jpg" decoding="async" width="87" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/An_Albanian_from_Dymi%2C_Achaea.jpg/131px-An_Albanian_from_Dymi%2C_Achaea.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/An_Albanian_from_Dymi%2C_Achaea.jpg/175px-An_Albanian_from_Dymi%2C_Achaea.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1284" data-file-height="1761" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">An <a href="/wiki/Arvanite" class="mw-redirect" title="Arvanite">Arvanite</a> from <a href="/wiki/Dymi,_Achaea" title="Dymi, Achaea">Dymi, Achaea</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1903<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Crimea_Greek_Fustanella.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A Greek in Crimea, 19th century"><img alt="A Greek in Crimea, 19th century" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Crimea_Greek_Fustanella.jpg/87px-Crimea_Greek_Fustanella.jpg" decoding="async" width="87" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Crimea_Greek_Fustanella.jpg/131px-Crimea_Greek_Fustanella.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Crimea_Greek_Fustanella.jpg/175px-Crimea_Greek_Fustanella.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1084" data-file-height="1489" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">A Greek in <a href="/wiki/Crimea" title="Crimea">Crimea</a>, 19th century</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Fustanella" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Fustanella">Fustanella</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kilt" title="Kilt">Kilt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lava-lava" class="mw-redirect" title="Lava-lava">Lava-lava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarong" title="Sarong">Sarong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_medieval_armour_components" title="List of medieval armour components">Medieval Armour</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Citations">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Volait_2021_202-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Volait_2021_202_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Volait_2021_202_1-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFVolait2021">Volait 2021</a>, p. 202; <a href="#CITEREFFlaherty2023">Flaherty 2023</a>, pp. 38–39; <a href="#CITEREFScarce2017">Scarce 2017</a>, pp. 159–164, 170–172. </li> <li id="cite_note-Romagnoli_2010_68-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Romagnoli_2010_68_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Romagnoli_2010_68_2-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFRomagnoli2010">Romagnoli 2010</a>, p. 68; <a href="#CITEREFBrnardic2004">Brnardic 2004</a>, pp. 37–38 </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChartrandCourcelle200020-3"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChartrandCourcelle200020_3-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFChartrandCourcelle2000">Chartrand & Courcelle 2000</a>, p. 20. </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFVolait2021">Volait 2021</a>, p. 202; <a href="#CITEREFBaleva2021">Baleva 2021</a>, pp. 77–85; <a href="#CITEREFBaleva2017">Baleva 2017</a>, pp. 241–243; <a href="#CITEREFScarce2017">Scarce 2017</a>, pp. 170–172. </li> <li id="cite_note-Baleva_2021_77–85-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Baleva_2021_77–85_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Baleva_2021_77–85_5-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFBaleva2021">Baleva 2021</a>, pp. 77–85; <a href="#CITEREFBaleva2017">Baleva 2017</a>, pp. 241–243. </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-6">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_6-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_6-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFVolait2021">Volait 2021</a>, p. 202; <a href="#CITEREFScarce2017">Scarce 2017</a>, pp. 158, 170–172. </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKoço2004">Koço 2004</a>, p. 161 </li> <li id="cite_note-Gjergji2004-8">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gjergji2004_8-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gjergji2004_8-1">b</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAndromaqi_Gjergji2004" class="citation book cs1">Andromaqi Gjergji (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vc3fAAAAMAAJ">Albanian Costumes Through the Centuries: Origin, Types, Evolution</a>. <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Sciences_of_Albania" title="Academy of Sciences of Albania">Academy of Sciences of Albania</a>, Inst. of Folc Culture. p. 209. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-99943-614-4-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-99943-614-4-1"><bdi>978-99943-614-4-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Albanian+Costumes+Through+the+Centuries%3A+Origin%2C+Types%2C+Evolution&rft.pages=209&rft.pub=Academy+of+Sciences+of+Albania%2C+Inst.+of+Folc+Culture&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-99943-614-4-1&rft.au=Andromaqi+Gjergji&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dvc3fAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Skafidas148-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Skafidas148_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Skafidas148_9-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Skafidas148_9-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Skafidas148_9-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Skafidas148_9-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Skafidas148_9-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Skafidas148_9-6">g</a> <a href="#CITEREFSkafidas2009">Skafidas 2009</a>, p. 148. </li> <li id="cite_note-Evans126-10"><a href="#cite_ref-Evans126_10-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFEvans2006">Evans 2006</a>, p. 126: "The peasant women, whose attire through this and the adjoining Serbian provinces is as exclusively Slavonic as their language, have here preserved a distinctively Illyrian element in their dress. They wear, in fact, over and above the Slavonic apron, an Albanian fustanella;". </li> <li id="cite_note-Keramopoulos-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Keramopoulos_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Keramopoulos_11-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeramopoulos1953" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Antonios_Keramopoulos" title="Antonios Keramopoulos">Keramopoulos, Antonios</a> (1953). "Η φουστανέλλα". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_d87AQAAIAAJ">Λαογραφία</a> (in Greek). Vol. 15. Ελληνική Λαογραφική Εταιρεία. pp. 239–240, 243.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%CE%97+%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B1&rft.btitle=%CE%9B%CE%B1%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AF%CE%B1&rft.pages=239-240%2C+243&rft.pub=%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE+%CE%9B%CE%B1%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE+%CE%95%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1&rft.date=1953&rft.aulast=Keramopoulos&rft.aufirst=Antonios&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_d87AQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Notopoulos-12">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Notopoulos_12-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Notopoulos_12-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFNotopoulos1964">Notopoulos 1964</a>, p. 114 </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPapantoniou2000" class="citation book cs1">Papantoniou, Ioanna (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=92OBAAAAMAAJ">Greek Dress: From Ancient Times to the Early 20th Century</a>. Εμπορική Τράπεζα. p. 208. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-960-7059-11-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-960-7059-11-6"><bdi>978-960-7059-11-6</bdi></a>. <q>Keramopoullos's theory that the fustanella was descended from the Roman military uniform seems to me more likely.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Greek+Dress%3A+From+Ancient+Times+to+the+Early+20th+Century&rft.pages=208&rft.pub=%CE%95%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE+%CE%A4%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%B6%CE%B1&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-960-7059-11-6&rft.aulast=Papantoniou&rft.aufirst=Ioanna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D92OBAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scottishtartansmuseum.org/content.aspx?page_id=22&club_id=170857&module_id=284052">"Brief History of the Kilt - the Scottish Tartans Museum and Heritage Center, Inc"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Brief+History+of+the+Kilt+-+the+Scottish+Tartans+Museum+and+Heritage+Center%2C+Inc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scottishtartansmuseum.org%2Fcontent.aspx%3Fpage_id%3D22%26club_id%3D170857%26module_id%3D284052&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://macgregorandmacduff.co.uk/blogs/news/the-history-of-irish-kilts">"The History of Irish Kilts"</a>. 17 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+History+of+Irish+Kilts&rft.date=2019-10-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmacgregorandmacduff.co.uk%2Fblogs%2Fnews%2Fthe-history-of-irish-kilts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKyrou2020" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kyrou, Adonis K. (2020). "The Cave of Nympholeptos: From the dances of the Nymphs to neoplatonic contemplation". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epub.lib.uoa.gr/index.php/aura/article/view/2237/pdf_14">KYDALIMOS: Studies in Honor of Prof. Georgios St. Korres, Vol. 3</a> (in Greek). <a href="/wiki/National_and_Kapodistrian_University_of_Athens" title="National and Kapodistrian University of Athens">National and Kapodistrian University of Athens</a>. p. 157. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-960-466-231-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-960-466-231-9"><bdi>978-960-466-231-9</bdi></a>. <q>Πρόκειται για τη, λίγο μεγαλύτερη του φυσικού, ανάγλυφη απεικόνιση του Αρχεδήμου, λαξευμένη από τον ίδιο επάνω στην επιφάνεια του ενδιάμεσου βραχώδους σχηματισμού, που όπως είδαμε χωρίζει το σπήλαιο σε δύο μεγάλους θαλάμους. Φορώντας βραχύ χιτώνα, δεμένο σε πτυχές στη μέση σαν φουστανέλα (εύζωνος, από το επίρρημα ευ και το ρήμα ζώνυμι), όπως συνήθιζαν οι αρχαίοι σε ώρες γεωργικής ή άλλης χειρωνακτικής απασχολήσεως, ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Cave+of+Nympholeptos%3A+From+the+dances+of+the+Nymphs+to+neoplatonic+contemplation&rft.btitle=KYDALIMOS%3A+Studies+in+Honor+of+Prof.+Georgios+St.+Korres%2C+Vol.+3&rft.pages=157&rft.pub=National+and+Kapodistrian+University+of+Athens&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-960-466-231-9&rft.aulast=Kyrou&rft.aufirst=Adonis+K.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fepub.lib.uoa.gr%2Findex.php%2Faura%2Farticle%2Fview%2F2237%2Fpdf_14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSmithsonian_InstitutionMouseio_Benakē1959">Smithsonian Institution & Mouseio Benakē 1959</a>, p. 8: "From the ancient chiton and the common chitonium (short military tunic), fastened by a belt round the waist and falling into narrow regular folds, is derived the fustanella which by extension gives its name to the whole of the costume." </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFFox1977">Fox 1977</a>, p. 56: "The young shepherd wears a fustanella, descendant of the military tunic of ancient Greece, now rarely worn except by certain regiments." </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> Lynch, Strauss, 2014, p. 126 </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNotopoulos1964">Notopoulos 1964</a>, pp. 110, 122. </li> <li id="cite_note-Kazhdan47-21">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kazhdan47_21-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kazhdan47_21-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFKazhdan1991">Kazhdan 1991</a>, "Akritic Imagery", p. 47: "While 35 plates have the warrior wearing the podea or pleated skirt (sometimes called a fustanella) attributed to Manuel I, the "new Akrites," in a Ptochoprodromic poem, and 26 have him slaying a dragon, neither iconographic element is sufficient to identify the hero specifically as Digenes because both the skirt and the deed characterize other akritai named in the Akritic Songs." </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrnardic200437–38-22">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrnardic200437–38_22-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrnardic200437–38_22-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrnardic200437–38_22-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFBrnardic2004">Brnardic 2004</a>, pp. 37–38. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMesi201954-23"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMesi201954_23-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMesi2019">Mesi 2019</a>, p. 54. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMesi201946-24"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMesi201946_24-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMesi2019">Mesi 2019</a>, p. 46: "The most common element in men's clothing is the white, long and multi-pleated fustanella, widely known as the garment, used centuries before the Ottoman occupation, by a large population living in the Albanian territories lying in the Balkans." </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoti1989224-25"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoti1989224_25-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHoti1989">Hoti 1989</a>, p. 224. </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGjergji2004">Gjergji 2004</a>, p. 16: "Among the most important documents is one of the year 1335, which relates how at the port of Drin, near Shkodra, a sailor was robbed of the following items: (ei guarnacionem, tunicam, mantellum, maçam, de ferro, fustanum, camisiam abstulerunt). This is the earliest known evidence in which the "fustan" (kilt) is mentioned as an item of clothing along with the shirt." </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESkafidas2009146–147-27"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESkafidas2009146–147_27-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSkafidas2009">Skafidas 2009</a>, pp. 146–147. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWelters199559-28">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWelters199559_28-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWelters199559_28-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFWelters1995">Welters 1995</a>, p. 59. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerinis2005139–175-29"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerinis2005139–175_29-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFVerinis2005">Verinis 2005</a>, pp. 139–175. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENasse196438-30"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENasse196438_30-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNasse1964">Nasse 1964</a>, p. 38: "The Albanian soldier who arrived in southern Italy during the days of Scanderbeg wore a distinctive costume; if he was a "Gheg" (northern Albanian), he wore rather tight breeches and a waistcoat; if he was a "Tosk" (southern Albanian), he wore a "fustanella" (a white pleated skirt) and a waistcoat." </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELangkjær2012114-31">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELangkjær2012114_31-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELangkjær2012114_31-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELangkjær2012114_31-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELangkjær2012114_31-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELangkjær2012114_31-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFLangkjær2012">Langkjær 2012</a>, p. 114. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGjergji2004115-32">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGjergji2004115_32-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGjergji2004115_32-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFGjergji2004">Gjergji 2004</a>, p. 115. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlaherty202338–39-33">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFlaherty202338–39_33-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFlaherty202338–39_33-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFlaherty202338–39_33-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFlaherty202338–39_33-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFFlaherty2023">Flaherty 2023</a>, pp. 38–39. </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeresford" class="citation journal cs1">Beresford, G. de la Poer. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/community.24792656">"Janina, Albania (subsequently Greece): the audience chamber of Ali Pasha. Colour lithograph after G.D. Beresford, 1855"</a>. Artstor.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Artstor&rft.atitle=Janina%2C+Albania+%28subsequently+Greece%29%3A+the+audience+chamber+of+Ali+Pasha.+Colour+lithograph+after+G.D.+Beresford%2C+1855.&rft.aulast=Beresford&rft.aufirst=G.+de+la+Poer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fcommunity.24792656&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_la_Poer_Beresford1855" class="citation book cs1">de la Poer Beresford, George (1855). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zXzSMgEACAAJ">Twelve Sketches in Double-tinted Lithography of Scenes in Southern Albania</a>. London: Day and Son.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Twelve+Sketches+in+Double-tinted+Lithography+of+Scenes+in+Southern+Albania&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Day+and+Son&rft.date=1855&rft.aulast=de+la+Poer+Beresford&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzXzSMgEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHernandez2019" class="citation journal cs1">Hernandez, David R. (2019). "The Abandonment of Butrint: From Venetian Enclave to Ottoman Backwater". Hesperia. 88 (2): 365–419. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2972%2Fhesperia.88.2.0365">10.2972/hesperia.88.2.0365</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:197957591">197957591</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hesperia&rft.atitle=The+Abandonment+of+Butrint%3A+From+Venetian+Enclave+to+Ottoman+Backwater&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=365-419&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2972%2Fhesperia.88.2.0365&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A197957591%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Hernandez&rft.aufirst=David+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> p. 408: "George de la Poer Beresford published 12 double-tinted lithographs of scenes from southern Albania in 1855.214" </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFProkopiu2019" class="citation book cs1">Prokopiu, Geōrgios A. (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.benaki.org/images/publications/pdf/%CE%91%CF%81%CF%87%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC%20%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82%20%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%B6%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%82%20-%20preview.pdf">Archontika tēs Kozanēs: architektonikē kai Xyloglypta</a> (PDF). Athens: Benaki Museum. p. 13. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-960-476-261-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-960-476-261-3"><bdi>978-960-476-261-3</bdi></a>. <q>Εικ. 11. Η αίθουσα των ακροάσεων του Αλή-Πασά στα Γιάννενα (περί το 1800).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Archontika+t%C4%93s+Kozan%C4%93s%3A+architektonik%C4%93+kai+Xyloglypta&rft.place=Athens&rft.pages=13&rft.pub=Benaki+Museum&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-960-476-261-3&rft.aulast=Prokopiu&rft.aufirst=Ge%C5%8Drgios+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.benaki.org%2Fimages%2Fpublications%2Fpdf%2F%25CE%2591%25CF%2581%25CF%2587%25CE%25BF%25CE%25BD%25CF%2584%25CE%25B9%25CE%25BA%25CE%25AC%2520%25CF%2584%25CE%25B7%25CF%2582%2520%25CE%259A%25CE%25BF%25CE%25B6%25CE%25AC%25CE%25BD%25CE%25B7%25CF%2582%2520-%2520preview.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chartrand&Courcelle-38">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chartrand&Courcelle_38-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chartrand&Courcelle_38-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chartrand&Courcelle_38-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chartrand&Courcelle_38-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFChartrandCourcelle2000">Chartrand & Courcelle 2000</a>, p. 20: "The orders stipulated that 'clothing and accoutrements were to be made in the Albanian fashion'." </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScarce2017170–171-39">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScarce2017170–171_39-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScarce2017170–171_39-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFScarce2017">Scarce 2017</a>, pp. 170–171. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeço2011405-40"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeço2011405_40-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMeço2011">Meço 2011</a>, p. 405. </li> <li id="cite_note-DeRapper2005-41">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DeRapper2005_41-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DeRapper2005_41-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFDe_Rapper2005">De Rapper 2005</a>, pp. 182–183: "By the beginning of the nineteenth century and later on, the British, French and Austrian travellers who visited Lunxhëri, most of them arriving from Ioannina, described the Lunxhots as Albanian-speaking Orthodox Christians, and had the feeling that, starting north of Delvinaki, they were entering another country, although the political border did not exist at the time. Greek was not spoken as it was further south, there was a change in the way of life and manners of the peasants. As one traveller reported Hobhouse 1813: Every appearance announced to us that we were now in a more populous country. (...) the plain was every where cultivated, and not only on the side of Argyro-castro [Gjirokastër]... but also on the hills which we were traversing, many villages were to be seen. The dress of the peasants was now changed from the loose woollen brogues of the Greeks, to the cotton kamisa, or kilt of the Albanian, and in saluting Vasilly they no longer spoke Greek." </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAthanassoglou-Kallmyer1983">Athanassoglou-Kallmyer 1983</a>, pp. 487–488: "Delacroix's fascination with the near east in the 1820s, in part as a result of his interest in the Greek War of Independence, accounts for a number of studies of oriental costumes, among which the best known are perhaps his oil sketches representing dancing Suliots (Fig. 38). A water-colour of Two Albanians, in a private collection in Athens, can now be related to this group of works (Fig. 34). Two chieftains are shown within a landscape that recedes towards a low, distant horizon. The man on the left poses in rather stiff contrapposto. His companion sits cross-legged, Oriental style. The standing man wears the white kilt, and embroidered vest and sash typical of Albanian dress...As opposed to the rather general handling of the setting, the figures are depicted with great specificity. Delacroix must have intended the latter to serve as mementoes, as records of ethnic types and dress, part of the process of collecting Orientalist visual imagery in which he was engaged in the 1820s. His enthusiasm at the lush beauty of the Albanian costume must have matched that of his favourite poet at the time, Byron. In a letter to his mother from Epirus dated 12 November 1809, Byron had marvelled at 'the Albanians, in their dresses, (the most magnificent in the world, consisting of long, white kilt, gold-worked cloak, crimson velvet gold laced jacket and waist-coat, silver mounted pistols and daggers)...he admitted to having succumbed to the temptation and acquired some of these 'magnificent Albanian dresses...They cost fifty guineas each, and have so much gold, they would cost in England two hundred'." </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESuparaku2013170-43">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESuparaku2013170_43-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESuparaku2013170_43-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESuparaku2013170_43-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESuparaku2013170_43-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFSuparaku2013">Suparaku 2013</a>, p. 170. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScarce2017170–172-44">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScarce2017170–172_44-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScarce2017170–172_44-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScarce2017170–172_44-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScarce2017170–172_44-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScarce2017170–172_44-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFScarce2017">Scarce 2017</a>, pp. 170–172. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVolait2021202-45">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVolait2021202_45-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVolait2021202_45-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVolait2021202_45-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFVolait2021">Volait 2021</a>, p. 202. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaleva202177–85-46">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaleva202177–85_46-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaleva202177–85_46-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaleva202177–85_46-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFBaleva2021">Baleva 2021</a>, pp. 77–85. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaleva2017241–243-47">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaleva2017241–243_47-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaleva2017241–243_47-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaleva2017241–243_47-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaleva2017241–243_47-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFBaleva2017">Baleva 2017</a>, p. 241–243. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMesi201947-48">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMesi201947_48-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMesi201947_48-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMesi2019">Mesi 2019</a>, p. 47. </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElsie" class="citation web cs1">Elsie, Robert (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.albanianart.net/painting/lear/lear013.htm">"Albania in the Painting of Edward Lear (1848)"</a>. albanianart.net.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=albanianart.net&rft.atitle=Albania+in+the+Painting+of+Edward+Lear+%281848%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.albanianart.net%2Fpainting%2Flear%2Flear013.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKoço2015">Koço 2015</a>, p. 17: "The closely observing eye of the painter Edward Lear, in his travels around Albania in 1848 and 1849, depicted the fustanella as a typical national costume of the Albanians." </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHernandez2019408–409-51"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHernandez2019408–409_51-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHernandez2019">Hernandez 2019</a>, pp. 408–409. </li> <li id="cite_note-Blumi2004-52">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Blumi2004_52-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Blumi2004_52-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlumi2004">Blumi 2004</a>, p. 167: "While quite popular among those who depicted Malesorë life in paintings, the use of the foustanella among Ghegs was basically reserved for formal occasions; it was worn by groups in the Kelmendi, Hoti, Shala and Berisha village groups. On such important occasions such as declarations of allegiance, the settlement of disputes and the election of paramount representatives, elite males would adopt these long white garments and wear their tirq underneath. The foustanella became famous once King Otto of Greece declared it the national dress of independent Greece, probably due to the fact his largely Albanian speaking army wore it." </li> <li id="cite_note-Tomes44-53"><a href="#cite_ref-Tomes44_53-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFTomes2011">Tomes 2011</a>, p. 44. </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElsie" class="citation web cs1">Elsie, Robert. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://albanianphotography.net/OttomCostumes/">"Ottoman Costumes 1873"</a>. albanianphotography.net.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=albanianphotography.net&rft.atitle=Ottoman+Costumes+1873&rft.aulast=Elsie&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Falbanianphotography.net%2FOttomCostumes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Konitza85–86-55">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Konitza85–86_55-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Konitza85–86_55-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Konitza85–86_55-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Konitza85–86_55-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Konitza85–86_55-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Konitza85–86_55-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Konitza85–86_55-6">g</a> <a href="#CITEREFKonitza1957">Konitza 1957</a>, pp. 85–86. </li> <li id="cite_note-Konitza67-56">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Konitza67_56-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Konitza67_56-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Konitza67_56-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Konitza67_56-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFKonitza1957">Konitza 1957</a>, p. 67. </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMehmed1986" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Mehmed, Fenerci (1986). "86 – İşkodrali". In Ilhami Turan (ed.). Osmanlı Kıyafetleri [Ottoman Costume Book] (in English and Turkish). Istanbul: Vehbi Koc Vakfi.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=86+%E2%80%93+%C4%B0%C5%9Fkodrali&rft.btitle=Osmanl%C4%B1+K%C4%B1yafetleri&rft.place=Istanbul&rft.pub=Vehbi+Koc+Vakfi&rft.date=1986&rft.aulast=Mehmed&rft.aufirst=Fenerci&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaphetzopoulosFlokasDima-Dimitriou2000" class="citation book cs1">Kaphetzopoulos, Ioannis; Flokas, Charalambos; Dima-Dimitriou, Angeliki (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KxlXAAAAYAAJ">The struggle for Northern Epirus</a>. Hellenic Army General Staff, Army History Directorate, Hellenic Army General Staff. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789607897404" title="Special:BookSources/9789607897404"><bdi>9789607897404</bdi></a>. <q>Initially, as there were no military uniforms, the enlisted men were distinguished by wearing a uniform head covering, made of a khaki material, with the sign of a cross, for enlisted men, and the double-headed eagle for officers, as well as a blue arm-band, and the initials of the Delvino Regiment (Sigma Delta). Later on, the situation improved, and all enlisted men wore Evzone uniforms.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+struggle+for+Northern+Epirus&rft.pub=Hellenic+Army+General+Staff%2C+Army+History+Directorate%2C+Hellenic+Army+General+Staff&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9789607897404&rft.aulast=Kaphetzopoulos&rft.aufirst=Ioannis&rft.au=Flokas%2C+Charalambos&rft.au=Dima-Dimitriou%2C+Angeliki&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKxlXAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLada-Minōtou1993" class="citation book cs1">Lada-Minōtou, Maria (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1GmBAAAAMAAJ">Greek Costumes: Collection of the National Historical Museum</a>. Historical and Ethnological Society of Greece. p. xxvii. <q>There are, however, examples where the sigouni is worn over a pleated skirt of the foustanela type, as at Dropoli and Tepeleni in Northern Epirus</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Greek+Costumes%3A+Collection+of+the+National+Historical+Museum&rft.pages=xxvii&rft.pub=Historical+and+Ethnological+Society+of+Greece&rft.date=1993&rft.aulast=Lada-Min%C5%8Dtou&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1GmBAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElsie" class="citation web cs1">Elsie, Robert. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.albanianart.net/painting/gerome/">"Jean-Léon Gérôme (1824-1904)"</a>. albanianart.net.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=albanianart.net&rft.atitle=Jean-L%C3%A9on+G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me+%281824-1904%29&rft.aulast=Elsie&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.albanianart.net%2Fpainting%2Fgerome%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlaherty2021" class="citation book cs1">Flaherty, Chris (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mo1JEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT23">"Arnaout: Albanian (mounted infantry) regiment"</a>. Turkish army Crimean war uniforms – Volume 2. Soldiers & Weapons. Vol. 41. Soldiershop Publishing. p. 23. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788893277846" title="Special:BookSources/9788893277846"><bdi>9788893277846</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Arnaout%3A+Albanian+%28mounted+infantry%29+regiment&rft.btitle=Turkish+army+Crimean+war+uniforms+%E2%80%93+Volume+2&rft.series=Soldiers+%26+Weapons&rft.pages=23&rft.pub=Soldiershop+Publishing&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9788893277846&rft.aulast=Flaherty&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dmo1JEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWahba1990103–104-62"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWahba1990103–104_62-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWahba1990">Wahba 1990</a>, pp. 103–104. </li> <li id="cite_note-Morgan132–133-63">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Morgan132–133_63-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Morgan132–133_63-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Morgan132–133_63-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Morgan132–133_63-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFMorgan1942">Morgan 1942</a>, pp. 132–133: "Most of these men are warriors with long curling locks falling down their backs, clad in pleated tunics or chain mail with short pointed caps on their heads. They wield swords, and protect themselves with shields, either round or shaped like a pointed oval...The mace-bearer of No. 1275 is clad in chain mail with a heavy pleated fustanella worn about his hips. The importance of this latter piece is very considerable, for the details of the costume, often shown on Incised-Sgraffito figures, are very clear, and make it certain that the fustanella exists as an independent garment and is not an elaboration of the lower part of a tunic. It is consequently demonstrable that this characteristic garment of latter-day Greece was in common use as early as the twelfth century in Greek lands." </li> <li id="cite_note-Vroom-64">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Vroom_64-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Vroom_64-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Vroom_64-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Vroom_64-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Vroom_64-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFVroom2014">Vroom 2014</a>, pp. 170–171 </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNotopoulos1964">Notopoulos 1964</a>, p. 110: "These lines are triply valuable for they tell us (1) the early popularity of Akritas; (2) the existence of the source of the Grottaferrata by the twelfth century; (3) that Digenes wears kilts which appear in the Byzantine plates as the fustanella, the key for the identification of the warriors in the plates." </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDoğer2004">Doğer 2004</a>, p. 89 </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMorgan1942">Morgan 1942</a>, pp. 133, 317–318, 333. </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNotopoulos1964">Notopoulos 1964</a>, p. 113: "We can dispose of any lingering doubts as to the identification of the hero with Akritas rather than St. George or Alexander by considering one important piece of evidence that has not been exploited before, namely, the fustanella, the pleated kilt worn by the dragon slayers and by many other figures in the Byzantine plates. We have already seen that the twelfth century poet Prodromos describes Digenes as wearing kilts, a detail which is also mentioned in the Grottaferrata version. The Byzantine plates corroborate this key detail in the identification. Thirty-five plates show such warriors wearing the fustanella. Of these at least eight plates, on which the identification with Digenes rests, show a warrior slaying a dragon." </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNotopoulos1964">Notopoulos 1964</a>, pp. 114: "They are not clad in armor, nor in helmets. They wear a cap, a cloth doublet, and their pleated kilt is unmistakably different from that of the other class of warriors. Their kilt resembles the klepht fustanella; it is longer, more flared, fluid, and ornamented with decorative stripes, horizontal or vertical. It is this difference in kilts that distinguishes the warriors in the Byzantine plates from the imperial forces depicted in other manifestations of Byzantine art. The kilts in our plates belong to the akrites, whose garb is required by their way of life and the guerrilla type of warfare described in the Byzantine military treatise." </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNotopoulos1964">Notopoulos 1964</a>, pp. 113–115: "A comparison of the fustanella warriors on the Byzantine plates with the klephts of the Greek Revolution of 1821–30, shown in the primitive paintings of Makriyiannes, shows that we are dealing in both instances with a garment which is peculiarly suited to a fast, mobile guerrilla mountain type of warrior...This kind of warfare, also described in the Akritan ballads, called for a fast mobile guerrilla type of soldier. What kind of dress is suitable for this kind of warfare? Nothing better than the fustanella worn by the Akritan warriors in the Byzantine plates." </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www3.ascsa.edu.gr/gennadius/detail2.php?id=5181&fbclid">"Ιματιογραφία Γ΄ Ελλάς εν γένει"</a>. The American School of Classical Studies - Digital Collection. <q>Title: Albanais au service d' Ali Pacha. (ο τίτλος είναι γραμμένος με μολύβι εκτός πλαισίου εικόνας). Publication/Bibliography: Voyage a Athènes et a Constantinople ou collection de portraits, de vues et de costumes Grecs et Ottomans. Peints sur les lieux, d' aprés nature, lithographieés et coloriés par L. Dupré, éléve de David; Accompagné d' un texte orné de vignettes. Paris, Imprimarie de Dondey-Dupré, rue Saint-Louis, No 46, au Marais. M DCCC XXV.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+American+School+of+Classical+Studies+-+Digital+Collection&rft.atitle=%CE%99%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AF%CE%B1+%CE%93%CE%84+%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AC%CF%82+%CE%B5%CE%BD+%CE%B3%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%B9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww3.ascsa.edu.gr%2Fgennadius%2Fdetail2.php%3Fid%3D5181%26fbclid&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> Original quote: "Le 27 mars, avant de partir, je fis le croquis d’une mosquée et le portrait d’un jeune seigneur albanais (PI. X), qui, par forme de remercîment, tua et écorcha un mouton en notre présence. Je fus moins touché que surpris de sa politesse; mais je ne laissai pas de le regarder avec un intérêt qu’il attribuait sans doute à sa dextérité, et qui avait une tout autre cause. Son action venait de me rappeler les héros d’Homère, et de me transporter, sans qu’il s’en doutât, dans le camp d’Achille. Les traits et la tournure de cet Albanais prêtaient assez à l’illusion; il avait le front noble et le regard fier; il était couvert de dorures; ses armes étaient aussi éclatantes que celles qui furent forgées par Vulcain." (<a href="#CITEREFTzortzakakis2023">Tzortzakakis 2023</a>, pp. 119–121) </li> <li id="cite_note-Skafidas146-73"><a href="#cite_ref-Skafidas146_73-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSkafidas2009">Skafidas 2009</a>, pp. 146–147. </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFVerinis2005">Verinis 2005</a>, pp. 139–175: "Thought originally to have been a southern Albanian outfit worn by men of the Tosk ethnicity and introduced into more Greek territories during the Ottoman occupation of previous centuries, the "clean petticoat" of the foustanéla ensemble was a term of reproach used by brigands well before laografia (laographía, folklore) and disuse made it the national costume of Greece and consequently made light of variations based on region, time period, class or ethnicity." </li> <li id="cite_note-Tzanelli-75"><a href="#cite_ref-Tzanelli_75-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTzanelli2008" class="citation book cs1">Tzanelli, Rodanthi (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/nationbuildingid00tzan">Nation-Building and Identity in Europe: The Dialogics of Reciprocity</a>. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/nationbuildingid00tzan/page/n92">78</a>–80. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-230-55199-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-230-55199-2"><bdi>978-0-230-55199-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nation-Building+and+Identity+in+Europe%3A+The+Dialogics+of+Reciprocity&rft.pages=78-80&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-230-55199-2&rft.aulast=Tzanelli&rft.aufirst=Rodanthi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnationbuildingid00tzan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Maxwell170-76">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Maxwell170_76-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Maxwell170_76-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMaxwell2014">Maxwell 2014</a>, pp. 170–171: "The foustanela, like the Scottish kilt or Lady Llanover's Cambrian Costumes, provides ample material for authenticity—fabrication debates, not least because its origins apparently lie in Albania. During the Greek independence war, however, its Greek connotations became so powerful that foreign Philhellenes adopted it to show their sympathy for the Greek cause. Henry Bradfield, a surgeon who served in Greece, observed one English gentleman who tried to make a foustanela from a sheet. Philhellene enthusiasm for the foustanela survived knowledge of its Albanian origins, Philhellene William Whitcombe described the foustanela as a light Albanian kilt" in his 1828 memoirs." </li> <li id="cite_note-Bialor-77"><a href="#cite_ref-Bialor_77-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBialor2008">Bialor 2008</a>, pp. 67–68 (Note #4): "Also, Albanians, Arvanito–Vlachs, and Vlachs, from the fourteenth until the nineteenth centuries, had settled major areas of Northwestern and Central Greece, the Peloponessos and some of the Saronic and Cycladic islands. Though usually remaining linguistically distinct, they participated "as Greeks" in the War of Independence and in the further development of the new nation. As a consequence of extensive Albanian settlement, the Greek national dress up until the twentieth century was the Albania foustanella (pleated skirt) with pom-pommed curved shoes called tsarouchia." </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSt._Clair1972">St. Clair 1972</a>, p. 232: "Gradually, more and more Greeks found ways of getting themselves on the Government's pay roll. The money was never accounted for in detail. A captain would simply contract to provide a number of armed men and draw pay for that number. Again, the opportunities for embesslement were eagerly seized. Anyone who could muster any pretensions to a military status appeared in Nauplia demanding pay. It was probably at this time that the Albanian dress made its decisive step towards being regarded as the national dress of Greece. The Government party, being largely Albanians themselves, favoured the dress and a version of it was common among the Greek klephts and armatoli. Now it seemed that anyone who donned an Albanian dress could claim to be a soldier and share in the bonanza." </li> <li id="cite_note-Skafidas148b-79"><a href="#cite_ref-Skafidas148b_79-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSkafidas2009">Skafidas 2009</a>, p. 148: "The modern fustanella appears in Greece worn by Albanians, and especially the Arvanites, as Greeks of Albanian ancestry were called, most of whom fought alongside the Greeks against the Turks in the long war of independence." </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFEthniko_Historiko_Mouseio1993">Ethniko Historiko Mouseio 1993</a>, p. xxx: "The foustanela was worn by the armatoli and klephts in the pre-revolutionary period and by the freedom-fighters in the War of Independence." </li> <li id="cite_note-Speake-81">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Speake_81-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Speake_81-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpeake2021" class="citation book cs1">Speake, Graham (2021). Encyclopedia of Greece and the Hellenic Tradition. Taylor & Francis. p. 518.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Greece+and+the+Hellenic+Tradition&rft.pages=518&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2021&rft.aulast=Speake&rft.aufirst=Graham&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFVerinis2005">Verinis 2005</a>, pp. 139–175 </li> <li id="cite_note-Angelomatis-Tsougarakis106-83">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Angelomatis-Tsougarakis106_83-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Angelomatis-Tsougarakis106_83-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Angelomatis-Tsougarakis106_83-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Angelomatis-Tsougarakis106_83-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Angelomatis-Tsougarakis106_83-4">e</a> <a href="#CITEREFAngelomatis-Tsougarakis1990">Angelomatis-Tsougarakis 1990</a>, p. 106: "On the other hand, Albanian dress was daily becoming more fashionable among the other nationalities. The fashion in the Morea was attributed to the influence of Ydra, an old Albanian colony, and to the other Albanian settlements in the Peloponesse. Ydra, however, could not have played a significant part in the development since its inhabitants did not wear the Albanian kilt but the clothes common to other islanders. In the rest of Greece it was the steadily rising power of Ali Pasha that made the Albanians a kind of ruling class to be imitated by others. The fact that the Albanians dress was lighter and more manageable than the dress the Greek upper classes used to wear also helped in spreading the fashion. It was not unusual even for the Turks to have their children dressed in Albanian costume, although it would have been demeaning for them to do so themselves." </li> <li id="cite_note-Gerolymatos2003-84"><a href="#cite_ref-Gerolymatos2003_84-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGerolymatos2003">Gerolymatos 2003</a>, p. 90: "Greek fashion in the nineteenth century saw men dressed in the Albanian kilt while women followed the Muslim tradition of covering themselves up, including the face and eyes." </li> <li id="cite_note-Welters1995-85">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Welters1995_85-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Welters1995_85-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFWelters1995">Welters 1995</a>, pp. 59: "According to old travel books, the nineteenth-century traveler could readily identify Greek-Albanian peasants by their dress. The people and their garb, labeled as "Albanian", were frequently described in contemporary written accounts or depicted in watercolours and engravings. The main components of dress associated with Greek-Albanian… men an outfit with a short full skirt known as the foustanella.", pp. 59–61. "Identifying the Greek-Albanian man by his clothing was more difficult after the Greek war of Independence, for the so-called "Albanian costume" became what has been identified as the "true" national dress on the mainland of Greece. In admiration for the heroic deeds of the Independence fighters, many of whom were Arvanites, a fancy version of the foustanella was adopted by diplomats and philihellenes for town wear.", pp. 75–76. "The townspeople who gave up their Turkish-style clothing after Greece attained its independence communicated solidarity with the new Greek democracy by wearing foustanella. This was clear example of national dress. At the same time, those who dwelled in villages and on mountainsides kept their traditional clothing forms, specifically the sigouni and the chemise." </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFΕλευθερία_Νικολαΐδου_(Eleutheria_Nikolaidou)1997" class="citation book cs1">Ελευθερία Νικολαΐδου (Eleutheria Nikolaidou) (1997). "Η Ήπειρος στον Αγώνα της Ανεξαρτησίας (Epirus in the Struggle for Independence)". In Μιχαήλ Σακελλαρίου (Michael Sakellariou) (ed.). Ηπειρος : 4000 χρόνια ελληνικής ιστορίας και πολιτισμού (Epirus: 4.000 years of Greek history and civilisation). Athens: Εκδοτική Αθηνών. p. 277. <q>Στήν εἰκόνα πολεμιστές Σουλιῶτες σέ χαλκογραφία τῶν μέσων τοῦ 19ου αἰ. (In the picture Souliote warriors from a 19th c. chalcography)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%CE%97+%CE%89%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82+%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD+%CE%91%CE%B3%CF%8E%CE%BD%CE%B1+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%BE%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82+%28Epirus+in+the+Struggle+for+Independence%29&rft.btitle=%CE%97%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82+%3A+4000+%CF%87%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%B1+%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82+%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82+%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9+%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%8D+%28Epirus%3A+4.000+years+of+Greek+history+and+civilisation%29&rft.place=Athens&rft.pages=277&rft.pub=%CE%95%CE%BA%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE+%CE%91%CE%B8%CE%B7%CE%BD%CF%8E%CE%BD&rft.date=1997&rft.au=%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%B8%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1+%CE%9D%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%90%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%85+%28Eleutheria+Nikolaidou%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/P_1923-0113-30">"drawing _ British Museum"</a>. Retrieved 3 November 2022. <q>Description: Albanian Palikars in pursuit of an enemy</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=drawing+_+British+Museum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishmuseum.org%2Fcollection%2Fobject%2FP_1923-0113-30&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://el.travelogues.gr/item.php?view=36918">"Σουλιώτες πολεμιστές καταδιώκουν τον εχθρό. - Hughes, Thomas Smart - Mε Tο Bλεμμα Των Περιγηηγητων - Τόποι - Μνημεία - Άνθρωποι - Νοτιοανατολική Ευρώπη - Ανατολική Μεσόγειος - Ελλάδα - Μικρά Ασία - Νότιος Ιταλία, 15ος - 20ός αιώνας"</a>. Retrieved 3 November 2022. <q>Πρωτότυπος τίτλος: View of Albanian palikars in pursuit of an enemy</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%CE%A3%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%8E%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%82+%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%82+%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BD+%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD+%CE%B5%CF%87%CE%B8%CF%81%CF%8C.+-+Hughes%2C+Thomas+Smart+-+M%CE%B5+T%CE%BF+B%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B1+%CE%A4%CF%89%CE%BD+%CE%A0%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B3%CE%B7%CE%B7%CE%B3%CE%B7%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD+-+%CE%A4%CF%8C%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9+-+%CE%9C%CE%BD%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1+-+%CE%86%CE%BD%CE%B8%CF%81%CF%89%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9+-+%CE%9D%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE+%CE%95%CF%85%CF%81%CF%8E%CF%80%CE%B7+-+%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE+%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%8C%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82+-+%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B1+-+%CE%9C%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AC+%CE%91%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1+-+%CE%9D%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82+%CE%99%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1%2C+15%CE%BF%CF%82+-+20%CF%8C%CF%82+%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%82&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fel.travelogues.gr%2Fitem.php%3Fview%3D36918&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurawska-Muthesius2021" class="citation book cs1">Murawska-Muthesius, Katarzyna (2021). "Mountains and Palikars". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sY8kEAAAQBAJ">Imaging and Mapping Eastern Europe: Sarmatia Europea to Post-Communist Bloc</a>. Routledge. pp. 77–79. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781351034401" title="Special:BookSources/9781351034401"><bdi>9781351034401</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Mountains+and+Palikars&rft.btitle=Imaging+and+Mapping+Eastern+Europe%3A+Sarmatia+Europea+to+Post-Communist+Bloc&rft.pages=77-79&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9781351034401&rft.aulast=Murawska-Muthesius&rft.aufirst=Katarzyna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsY8kEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrnardic200437-90"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrnardic200437_90-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBrnardic2004">Brnardic 2004</a>, p. 37. </li> <li id="cite_note-Maxwell172-91"><a href="#cite_ref-Maxwell172_91-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMaxwell2014">Maxwell 2014</a>, pp. 172: "Othon apparently arrived in Greece wearing a Bavarian military uniform, but soon adopted the foustanela (see Figure 8.1) not only for official portraits, but in daily life. Courtier Hermann Hettner wrote that the King habitually received guests in "the Greek national costume, resplendent in silver and gold." Othon dressed his court in foustanela as early as 1832, queen Amalia also dressed her ladies-in-waiting in analogous Greek costumes. The costume seems to have genuinely pleased Othon: after being forced from power in 1862, he continued to wear it in his German retirement. Othon also made the foustanela a service uniform by imposing it on government officials… Government officials also wore the foustanela abroad, which occasionally led to embarassment [sic] ... Othon showed less enthusiasm for the foustanela as a military uniform. He initially intended to use Bavarian-style uniforms in his army, but backed down when threatened with mass resignations and the resultant banditry." </li> <li id="cite_note-Skafidas150-92">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Skafidas150_92-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Skafidas150_92-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFSkafidas2009">Skafidas 2009</a>, p. 150. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScarce2017172-93"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScarce2017172_93-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScarce2017">Scarce 2017</a>, p. 172. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETodorova1984544-94"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETodorova1984544_94-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFTodorova1984">Todorova 1984</a>, p. 544. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETodorova1984559-95"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETodorova1984559_95-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFTodorova1984">Todorova 1984</a>, p. 559. </li> <li id="cite_note-Welters1995a-96">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Welters1995a_96-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Welters1995a_96-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFWelters1995">Welters 1995</a>, p. 70: "The name Roumeliotes was applied to the Sarakatsani because centuries ago they returned to mainland Greece to pasture their sheep every summer (Koster and Koster 1976: 280)."; p. 63. "Sarakatsani men were not as uniform in their attire as Sarakatsani women. The men wore outfits made from handwoven wool with either trousers (panovraki) or foustanella skirts depending on the local tradition (Papantoniou 1981:11)."; p. 67. "Papantoniou associates two types of male garments with the Vlachs, the white trousers (of the type seen in Fig. 3.4) and the homemade foustanella (Papantoniou 1981: 11, 41). It should be remembered that both trousers and foustanella were also worn by Sarakatsani men." </li> <li id="cite_note-Maxwell176-97">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Maxwell176_97-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Maxwell176_97-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMaxwell2014">Maxwell 2014</a>, pp. 176: " By the end of the nineteenth century, the foustanela was no longer an everyday costume. Civilians wore what James Verinis dubbed the "town foustantela" [astiki enthimasia fóustanela] only on special occasions. On the Aegean Islands, where it had never been part of peasant dress, the foustanela appeared even more ceremonial. At the turn of the century, Harriet Boyd Hawes, a British archaeologist in Crete, reported that Locals had seen the foustanela "if at all, only in patriotic plays representing heroes of the Revolution of '21." Hawes also found that when she dressed her Greek assistant in one, he could overawe Local villagers who mistook it for a government uniform." </li> <li id="cite_note-Papaloizos-98">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Papaloizos_98-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Papaloizos_98-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPapaloizos2009" class="citation book cs1">Papaloizos, Theodore C. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rj0UvMokK7AC&pg=PA107">Modern Greek: Nea ellenika</a>. Papaloizos Pub: Greek123. p. 107. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-932416-02-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-932416-02-5"><bdi>978-0-932416-02-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Modern+Greek%3A+Nea+ellenika&rft.pages=107&rft.pub=Papaloizos+Pub%3A+Greek123&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-932416-02-5&rft.aulast=Papaloizos&rft.aufirst=Theodore+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Drj0UvMokK7AC%26pg%3DPA107&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaralis2012" class="citation book cs1">Karalis, Vrasidas (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=328oUbR8iT0C&pg=PA23">History of Greek Cinema</a>. A&C Black. p. 23. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781441194473" title="Special:BookSources/9781441194473"><bdi>9781441194473</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Greek+Cinema&rft.pages=23&rft.pub=A%26C+Black&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9781441194473&rft.aulast=Karalis&rft.aufirst=Vrasidas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D328oUbR8iT0C%26pg%3DPA23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPsaras2016" class="citation book cs1">Psaras, Marios (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Z-R0DQAAQBAJ">The Queer Greek Weird Wave: Ethics, Politics and the Crisis of Meaning</a>. Springer. p. 105. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783319403106" title="Special:BookSources/9783319403106"><bdi>9783319403106</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Queer+Greek+Weird+Wave%3A+Ethics%2C+Politics+and+the+Crisis+of+Meaning&rft.pages=105&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9783319403106&rft.aulast=Psaras&rft.aufirst=Marios&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZ-R0DQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Skafidas151-101"><a href="#cite_ref-Skafidas151_101-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSkafidas2009">Skafidas 2009</a>, pp. 150–151. </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSmithsonian_InstitutionMouseio_Benakē1959">Smithsonian Institution & Mouseio Benakē 1959</a>, p. 31; <a href="#CITEREFFox1977">Fox 1977</a>, p. 56. </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSmithsonian_InstitutionMouseio_Benakē1959">Smithsonian Institution & Mouseio Benakē 1959</a>, p. 8: "The yileki (bolero), the mendani (waistcoat) and the fermeli (sleeveless coat) which are worn with the fustanella, and their mode of decoration, are reminiscent of the ornamented breastplates of ancient times. The selachi (leather belt) with its gold or silver embroidery, worn round the waist over the fustanella, and in whose pouches the armed chieftains, the Armatoli and Klephts of the War of Independence placed their arms, recalls the ancient girdle; 'gird thyself' meant 'arm thyself' (Homer, Iliad)." </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGjergji2000182-104"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGjergji2000182_104-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGjergji2000">Gjergji 2000</a>, p. 182. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERomagnoli201068-105">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERomagnoli201068_105-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERomagnoli201068_105-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFRomagnoli2010">Romagnoli 2010</a>, p. 68. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERomagnoli201069-106"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERomagnoli201069_106-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRomagnoli2010">Romagnoli 2010</a>, p. 69. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETrapuzzano20059-107">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETrapuzzano20059_107-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETrapuzzano20059_107-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFTrapuzzano2005">Trapuzzano 2005</a>, p. 9. </li> <li id="cite_note-Gjergji207-108"><a href="#cite_ref-Gjergji207_108-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGjergji2004">Gjergji 2004</a>, p. 207 </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScarce2017164-109"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScarce2017164_109-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScarce2017">Scarce 2017</a>, p. 164. </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111216140804/http://www.tatavla.org/tatavla-karnavali-49.html">"Tatavla Karnavalı"</a> (in Turkish). Tatavla. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tatavla.org/tatavla-karnavali-49.html">the original</a> on 16 December 2011. Retrieved 28 December 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tatavla+Karnaval%C4%B1&rft.pub=Tatavla&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tatavla.org%2Ftatavla-karnavali-49.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFTracey-MillerStrauss2014">Tracey-Miller & Strauss 2014</a>, p. 127 </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFInstitute_of_Modern_Greek_Studies1998">Institute of Modern Greek Studies 1998</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a>; <a href="#CITEREFBabiniotis1998">Babiniotis 1998</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKoço201515-114"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKoço201515_114-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKoço2015">Koço 2015</a>, p. 15. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBada1995137-115"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBada1995137_115-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBada1995">Bada 1995</a>, p. 137. </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaltaWittman2019" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Evangelia_Balta" title="Evangelia Balta">Balta, Evangelia</a>; Wittman, Richard (2019). "Historical comments on the Illustrations in the Harvard Fulgenzi Album of Lithographs (1836-38)". In Collaço, Gwendolyn (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HJxOyQEACAAJ">Prints and Impressions from Ottoman Smyrna: The Collection de Costumes Civils Et Militaires, Scènes Populaires, Et Vues de L'Asie-Mineure Album (1836-38) at Harvard University's Fine Arts Library</a>. Memoria : fontes minores ad historiam Imperii Ottomanici pertinentes. Vol. 4. Max Weber Stiftung. p. 76. <q>The 1861 depiction of an Arvanite warrior by Carl Haag at the Benaki Museum in Athens is but one of the more well-known such portrayals.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Historical+comments+on+the+Illustrations+in+the+Harvard+Fulgenzi+Album+of+Lithographs+%281836-38%29&rft.btitle=Prints+and+Impressions+from+Ottoman+Smyrna%3A+The+Collection+de+Costumes+Civils+Et+Militaires%2C+Sc%C3%A8nes+Populaires%2C+Et+Vues+de+L%27Asie-Mineure+Album+%281836-38%29+at+Harvard+University%27s+Fine+Arts+Library&rft.series=Memoria+%3A+fontes+minores+ad+historiam+Imperii+Ottomanici+pertinentes&rft.pages=76&rft.pub=Max+Weber+Stiftung&rft.date=2019&rft.aulast=Balta&rft.aufirst=Evangelia&rft.au=Wittman%2C+Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHJxOyQEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKoryllos1903" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Koryllos, Christos (1903). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://anemi.lib.uoc.gr/metadata/4/9/1/metadata-01-0000530.tkl">Χωρογραφία της Ελλάδος</a> (in Greek). Εκ του Τυπογραφείου των Καταστημάτων "Ανέστη Κωνσταντινίδου". pp. 21–23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%CE%A7%CF%89%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AF%CE%B1+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82&rft.pages=21-23&rft.pub=%CE%95%CE%BA+%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85+%CE%A4%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85+%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD+%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD+%22%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%AD%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7+%CE%9A%CF%89%CE%BD%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%85%22&rft.date=1903&rft.aulast=Koryllos&rft.aufirst=Christos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fanemi.lib.uoc.gr%2Fmetadata%2F4%2F9%2F1%2Fmetadata-01-0000530.tkl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Sources">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAngelomatis-Tsougarakis1990" class="citation book cs1">Angelomatis-Tsougarakis, Helen (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RrYOAAAAQAAJ">The Eve of the Greek Revival: British Travellers' Perceptions of Early Nineteenth-Century Greece</a>. New York and Oxford: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-03482-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-03482-1"><bdi>978-0-415-03482-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Eve+of+the+Greek+Revival%3A+British+Travellers%27+Perceptions+of+Early+Nineteenth-Century+Greece&rft.place=New+York+and+Oxford&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-0-415-03482-1&rft.aulast=Angelomatis-Tsougarakis&rft.aufirst=Helen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRrYOAAAAQAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAthanassoglou-Kallmyer1983" class="citation journal cs1">Athanassoglou-Kallmyer, Nina (1983). "Of Suliots, Arnauts, Albanians and Eugène Delacroix". The Burlington Magazine. 125 (965): 487–490. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/881312">881312</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Burlington+Magazine&rft.atitle=Of+Suliots%2C+Arnauts%2C+Albanians+and+Eug%C3%A8ne+Delacroix&rft.volume=125&rft.issue=965&rft.pages=487-490&rft.date=1983&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F881312%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Athanassoglou-Kallmyer&rft.aufirst=Nina&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBabiniotis1998" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Babiniotis, George D. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qDIjQwAACAAJ"><bdi lang="el">Λεξικό της Νέας Ελληνικής Γλώσσας</bdi></a> (in Greek). Athens: Kentro Leksikologias. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-960-86190-0-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-960-86190-0-5"><bdi>978-960-86190-0-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%CE%9B%CE%B5%CE%BE%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+%CE%9D%CE%AD%CE%B1%CF%82+%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82+%CE%93%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1%CF%82&rft.place=Athens&rft.pub=Kentro+Leksikologias&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-960-86190-0-5&rft.aulast=Babiniotis&rft.aufirst=George+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqDIjQwAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBada1995" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bada, Konstantina (1995). "Η παράδοση στη διαδικασία της ιστορικής διαπραγμάτευσης της εθνικής και τοπικής ταυτότητας: Η περίπτωση της "φουστανέλας"". Ethnologhia (in Greek). 4. Greek Society for Ethnology: 127–150.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ethnologhia&rft.atitle=%CE%97+%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%B7+%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7+%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82+%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+%CE%B5%CE%B8%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82+%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9+%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82+%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82%3A+%CE%97+%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%80%CF%84%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+%22%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%82%22&rft.volume=4&rft.pages=127-150&rft.date=1995&rft.aulast=Bada&rft.aufirst=Konstantina&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaleva2017" class="citation book cs1">Baleva, Martina (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2LxGDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA237">"The Heroic Lens: Portrait Photography of Ottoman Insurgents in the Nineteenth-Century Balkans - Types and Uses"</a>. In Ritter, Markus; Scheiwiller, Staci G. (eds.). The Indigenous Lens?: Early Photography in the Near and Middle East. Studies in Theory and History of Photography. Vol. 8. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. pp. 237–256. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783110590876" title="Special:BookSources/9783110590876"><bdi>9783110590876</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Heroic+Lens%3A+Portrait+Photography+of+Ottoman+Insurgents+in+the+Nineteenth-Century+Balkans+-+Types+and+Uses&rft.btitle=The+Indigenous+Lens%3F%3A+Early+Photography+in+the+Near+and+Middle+East&rft.series=Studies+in+Theory+and+History+of+Photography&rft.pages=237-256&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter+GmbH+%26+Co+KG&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9783110590876&rft.aulast=Baleva&rft.aufirst=Martina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2LxGDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA237&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaleva2021" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Baleva, Martina (2021). "Geschichtete Sichtbarkeiten. Trendsetter und Kleidercodes in Porträtfotografien vom osmanischen Balkan". In Thomas Grob; Anna Hodel; Jan Miluška (eds.). Geschichtete Identitäten: (post-)imperiales Erzählen und Identitätsbildung im östlichen Europa (in German). Böhlau Verlag GmbH & Cie. KG. pp. 71–98. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7788%2F9783412512255">10.7788/9783412512255</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-412-51225-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-412-51225-5"><bdi>978-3-412-51225-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Geschichtete+Sichtbarkeiten.+Trendsetter+und+Kleidercodes+in+Portr%C3%A4tfotografien+vom+osmanischen+Balkan&rft.btitle=Geschichtete+Identit%C3%A4ten%3A+%28post-%29imperiales+Erz%C3%A4hlen+und+Identit%C3%A4tsbildung+im+%C3%B6stlichen+Europa&rft.pages=71-98&rft.pub=B%C3%B6hlau+Verlag+GmbH+%26+Cie.+KG&rft.date=2021&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.7788%2F9783412512255&rft.isbn=978-3-412-51225-5&rft.aulast=Baleva&rft.aufirst=Martina&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrnardic2004" class="citation book cs1">Brnardic, Vladimir (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JDgnvgAACAAJ">Napoleon's Balkan Troops</a>. Illustrated by Darko Pavlovic. Bloomsbury. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781841767000" title="Special:BookSources/9781841767000"><bdi>9781841767000</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Napoleon%27s+Balkan+Troops&rft.pub=Bloomsbury&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9781841767000&rft.aulast=Brnardic&rft.aufirst=Vladimir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJDgnvgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKukudēs2003" class="citation book cs1">Kukudēs, Asterios I. (2003). The Vlachs: Metropolis and Diaspora. Zitros.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Vlachs%3A+Metropolis+and+Diaspora&rft.pub=Zitros&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Kukud%C4%93s&rft.aufirst=Asterios+I.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBellerLeerssen2007" class="citation book cs1">Beller, Manfred; Leerssen, Joep (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5Qh-HUwbtpwC">Imagology: The Cultural Construction and Literary Representation of National Characters: A Critical Survey</a>. Amsterdam and New York: Rodopi. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-420-2317-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-420-2317-8"><bdi>978-90-420-2317-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Imagology%3A+The+Cultural+Construction+and+Literary+Representation+of+National+Characters%3A+A+Critical+Survey&rft.place=Amsterdam+and+New+York&rft.pub=Rodopi&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-90-420-2317-8&rft.aulast=Beller&rft.aufirst=Manfred&rft.au=Leerssen%2C+Joep&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5Qh-HUwbtpwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBialor2008" class="citation journal cs1">Bialor, Perry A. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholarworks.umass.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1002&context=anthro_res_rpt9">"Greek Ethnic Survival Under Ottoman Domination"</a>. Research Report 09: The Limits of Integration: Ethnicity and Nationalism in Modern Europe. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Research+Report+09%3A+The+Limits+of+Integration%3A+Ethnicity+and+Nationalism+in+Modern+Europe&rft.atitle=Greek+Ethnic+Survival+Under+Ottoman+Domination&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Bialor&rft.aufirst=Perry+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscholarworks.umass.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1002%26context%3Danthro_res_rpt9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlumi2004" class="citation book cs1">Blumi, Isa (2004). "Undressing the Albanian: Finding Social History in Ottoman Material Cultures". In Faroqhi, Suraiya; Neumann, Christoph (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IrCBAAAAMAAJ">Ottoman Costumes: From Textile to Identity</a>. Istanbul: Eren. pp. 157–180. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-975-6372-04-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-975-6372-04-3"><bdi>978-975-6372-04-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Undressing+the+Albanian%3A+Finding+Social+History+in+Ottoman+Material+Cultures&rft.btitle=Ottoman+Costumes%3A+From+Textile+to+Identity&rft.place=Istanbul&rft.pages=157-180&rft.pub=Eren&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-975-6372-04-3&rft.aulast=Blumi&rft.aufirst=Isa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIrCBAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChartrandCourcelle2000" class="citation book cs1">Chartrand, René; Courcelle, Patrice (2000). Osprey Men-at-Arms 335: Émigré & Foreign Troops in British Service (2) 1803-15. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85532-859-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-85532-859-3"><bdi>1-85532-859-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Osprey+Men-at-Arms+335%3A+%C3%89migr%C3%A9+%26+Foreign+Troops+in+British+Service+%282%29+1803-15&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Osprey+Publishing&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=1-85532-859-3&rft.aulast=Chartrand&rft.aufirst=Ren%C3%A9&rft.au=Courcelle%2C+Patrice&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDe_Rapper2005" class="citation book cs1">De Rapper, Gilles (2005). "Better than Muslims, Not as Good as Greeks: Emigration as Experienced and Imagined by the Albanian Christians of Lunxhëri". In King, Russell; Mai, Nicola; Schwandner-Sievers, Stephanie (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00165725/document">The New Albanian Migration</a>. Brighton-Portland: Sussex Academic. pp. 173–194.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Better+than+Muslims%2C+Not+as+Good+as+Greeks%3A+Emigration+as+Experienced+and+Imagined+by+the+Albanian+Christians+of+Lunxh%C3%ABri&rft.btitle=The+New+Albanian+Migration&rft.place=Brighton-Portland&rft.pages=173-194&rft.pub=Sussex+Academic&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=De+Rapper&rft.aufirst=Gilles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhal.archives-ouvertes.fr%2Fhalshs-00165725%2Fdocument&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEthniko_Historiko_Mouseio1993" class="citation book cs1">Ethniko Historiko Mouseio (Greece); Maria Lada-Minōtou; I. K. Mazarakēs Ainian; Diana Gangadē; Historikē kai Ethnologikē Hetaireia tēs Hellados (1993). Greek Costumes: Collection of the National Historical Museum. Athens: Historical and Ethnological Society of Greece.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Greek+Costumes%3A+Collection+of+the+National+Historical+Museum&rft.place=Athens&rft.pub=Historical+and+Ethnological+Society+of+Greece&rft.date=1993&rft.au=Ethniko+Historiko+Mouseio+%28Greece%29&rft.au=Maria+Lada-Min%C5%8Dtou&rft.au=I.+K.+Mazarak%C4%93s+Ainian&rft.au=Diana+Gangad%C4%93&rft.au=Historik%C4%93+kai+Ethnologik%C4%93+Hetaireia+t%C4%93s+Hellados&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvans2006" class="citation book cs1">Evans, Arthur (2006) [1886]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3J96wSxMaeYC">Ancient Illyria: An Archaeological Exploration</a>. New York and London: I.B. Tauris. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84511-167-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84511-167-0"><bdi>978-1-84511-167-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Illyria%3A+An+Archaeological+Exploration&rft.place=New+York+and+London&rft.pub=I.B.+Tauris&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-84511-167-0&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Arthur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3J96wSxMaeYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlaherty2023" class="citation book cs1">Flaherty, Chris (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nWeyEAAAQBAJ">Turkish Army & Navy 1826-1850</a>. Soldiershop Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788893279505" title="Special:BookSources/9788893279505"><bdi>9788893279505</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Turkish+Army+%26+Navy+1826-1850&rft.pub=Soldiershop+Publishing&rft.date=2023&rft.isbn=9788893279505&rft.aulast=Flaherty&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnWeyEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFox1977" class="citation book cs1">Fox, Lilla Margaret (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CZkKAQAAIAAJ">Folk Costumes from Eastern Europe</a>. London: Chatto & Windus (Random House). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7011-5092-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-7011-5092-0"><bdi>0-7011-5092-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Folk+Costumes+from+Eastern+Europe&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Chatto+%26+Windus+%28Random+House%29&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=0-7011-5092-0&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=Lilla+Margaret&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCZkKAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGjergji2000" class="citation journal cs1">Gjergji, Andromaqi (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3wEWAQAAMAAJ">"Le costume albanais dans le contexte sud-est"</a>. Studia Albanica. 33. <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Sciences_of_Albania" title="Academy of Sciences of Albania">Academy of Sciences of Albania</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Studia+Albanica&rft.atitle=Le+costume+albanais+dans+le+contexte+sud-est&rft.volume=33&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Gjergji&rft.aufirst=Andromaqi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3wEWAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGjergji2004" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Gjergji, Andromaqi (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ss0SAQAAIAAJ">Albanian Costumes through the Centuries: Origin, Types, Evolution</a> (in Albanian). Tirana: Mësonjëtorja. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-99943-614-4-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-99943-614-4-1"><bdi>978-99943-614-4-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Albanian+Costumes+through+the+Centuries%3A+Origin%2C+Types%2C+Evolution&rft.place=Tirana&rft.pub=M%C3%ABsonj%C3%ABtorja&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-99943-614-4-1&rft.aulast=Gjergji&rft.aufirst=Andromaqi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dss0SAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGerolymatos2003" class="citation book cs1">Gerolymatos, Andre (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KJETvx1hrv0C">The Balkan Wars: Conquest, Revolution, and Retribution from the Ottoman Era to the Twentieth Century and Beyond</a>. New York: Basic Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-465-02731-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-465-02731-6"><bdi>978-0-465-02731-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Balkan+Wars%3A+Conquest%2C+Revolution%2C+and+Retribution+from+the+Ottoman+Era+to+the+Twentieth+Century+and+Beyond&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Basic+Books&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-465-02731-6&rft.aulast=Gerolymatos&rft.aufirst=Andre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKJETvx1hrv0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoti1989" class="citation journal cs1">Hoti, Afrim (1989). "Enë me glazurë nga qyteti i Durrësit (shek. X-XV)/ Récipients à glaçure découverts à Durrës". Iliria. 19 (1): 213–240. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3406%2Filiri.1989.1519">10.3406/iliri.1989.1519</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Iliria&rft.atitle=En%C3%AB+me+glazur%C3%AB+nga+qyteti+i+Durr%C3%ABsit+%28shek.+X-XV%29%2F+R%C3%A9cipients+%C3%A0+gla%C3%A7ure+d%C3%A9couverts+%C3%A0+Durr%C3%ABs&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=213-240&rft.date=1989&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3406%2Filiri.1989.1519&rft.aulast=Hoti&rft.aufirst=Afrim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFInstitute_of_Modern_Greek_Studies1998" class="citation book cs1">Institute of Modern Greek Studies (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0aNiAAAAMAAJ">Λεξικό της Κοινής Νεοελληνικής</a>. Thessalonica: Aristotelion Panepistimio Thessaloniki. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789602310854" title="Special:BookSources/9789602310854"><bdi>9789602310854</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%CE%9B%CE%B5%CE%BE%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AE%CF%82+%CE%9D%CE%B5%CE%BF%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82&rft.place=Thessalonica&rft.pub=Aristotelion+Panepistimio+Thessaloniki&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9789602310854&rft.au=Institute+of+Modern+Greek+Studies&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0aNiAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaradzic1852" class="citation book cs1">Karadzic, Vuk (1852). Srspski rjecnik. Bec.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Srspski+rjecnik&rft.place=Bec&rft.date=1852&rft.aulast=Karadzic&rft.aufirst=Vuk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKazhdan1991" class="citation book cs1">Kazhdan, Alexander Petrovich, ed. (1991). <a href="/wiki/The_Oxford_Dictionary_of_Byzantium" class="mw-redirect" title="The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium">The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium</a>. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-504652-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-504652-8"><bdi>0-19-504652-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+Byzantium&rft.place=New+York+and+Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-19-504652-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKoço2004" class="citation book cs1">Koço, Eno (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oWL2ZKPimKEC">Albanian Urban Lyric Song in the 1930s</a>. Lanham: Scarecrow Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-4890-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-4890-0"><bdi>978-0-8108-4890-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Albanian+Urban+Lyric+Song+in+the+1930s&rft.place=Lanham&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-8108-4890-0&rft.aulast=Ko%C3%A7o&rft.aufirst=Eno&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoWL2ZKPimKEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKoço2015" class="citation book cs1">Koço, Eno (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=d5_zBgAAQBAJ">A Journey of the Vocal Iso(n)</a>. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4438-7578-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4438-7578-3"><bdi>978-1-4438-7578-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Journey+of+the+Vocal+Iso%28n%29&rft.place=Newcastle+upon+Tyne&rft.pub=Cambridge+Scholars+Publishing&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-4438-7578-3&rft.aulast=Ko%C3%A7o&rft.aufirst=Eno&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dd5_zBgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKonitza1957" class="citation book cs1">Konitza, Faik (1957). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4OYoQwAACAAJ">Albania: The Rock Garden of Southeastern Europe, and other Essays</a>. Boston, MA: Vatra.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Albania%3A+The+Rock+Garden+of+Southeastern+Europe%2C+and+other+Essays&rft.place=Boston%2C+MA&rft.pub=Vatra&rft.date=1957&rft.aulast=Konitza&rft.aufirst=Faik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4OYoQwAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLangkjær2012" class="citation journal cs1">Langkjær, Michael Alexander (2012). "A case of misconstrued Rock Military Style: Mick Jagger and his Evzone "little girl's party frock" fustanella, Hyde Park, July 5, 1969". Endymatologika. 4: 111–119. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1108-8400">1108-8400</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Endymatologika&rft.atitle=A+case+of+misconstrued+Rock+Military+Style%3A+Mick+Jagger+and+his+Evzone+%22little+girl%27s+party+frock%22+fustanella%2C+Hyde+Park%2C+July+5%2C+1969&rft.volume=4&rft.pages=111-119&rft.date=2012&rft.issn=1108-8400&rft.aulast=Langkj%C3%A6r&rft.aufirst=Michael+Alexander&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaxwell2014" class="citation book cs1">Maxwell, Alexander (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JLpCBAAAQBAJ&q=Albanian+kilt&pg=PT114">Patriots against fashion: Clothing and nationalism in Europe's age of revolutions</a>. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-137-27713-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-137-27713-8"><bdi>978-1-137-27713-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Patriots+against+fashion%3A+Clothing+and+nationalism+in+Europe%27s+age+of+revolutions&rft.place=Basingstoke&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-137-27713-8&rft.aulast=Maxwell&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJLpCBAAAQBAJ%26q%3DAlbanian%2Bkilt%26pg%3DPT114&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeço2011" class="citation book cs1">Meço, Irma (2011). "Martin William Leake L'Albania agli occhi di un viaggiatore inglese agli albori del sec. XIX". In Giovanni Sega (ed.). Il viaggio adriatico: Aggiornamenti bibliografici sulla letteratura di viaggio in Albania e nelle terre dell'Adriatico. Maluka, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Tirana" title="University of Tirana">University of Tirana</a>. pp. 399–406. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9928-134-00-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-9928-134-00-4"><bdi>978-9928-134-00-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Martin+William+Leake+L%E2%80%99Albania+agli+occhi+di+un+viaggiatore+inglese+agli+albori+del+sec.+XIX&rft.btitle=Il+viaggio+adriatico%3A+Aggiornamenti+bibliografici+sulla+letteratura+di+viaggio+in+Albania+e+nelle+terre+dell%27Adriatico&rft.pages=399-406&rft.pub=Maluka%2C+University+of+Tirana&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-9928-134-00-4&rft.aulast=Me%C3%A7o&rft.aufirst=Irma&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMesi2019" class="citation book cs1">Mesi, Agron (2019). "The "Discovery" of Albanians and Their Culture from Western Europe". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.revistia.com/files/proceedings/20th_ICSS_2019_Proceedings_Book_ISBN_9781646694112.pdf?v=4">20th International Conference on Social Sciences Zurich, 6-7 September 2019</a> (PDF). Revistia. pp. 42–58. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-164669411-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-164669411-2"><bdi>978-164669411-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+%E2%80%9CDiscovery%E2%80%9D+of+Albanians+and+Their+Culture+from+Western+Europe&rft.btitle=20th+International+Conference+on+Social+Sciences+Zurich%2C+6-7+September+2019&rft.pages=42-58&rft.pub=Revistia&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-164669411-2&rft.aulast=Mesi&rft.aufirst=Agron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.revistia.com%2Ffiles%2Fproceedings%2F20th_ICSS_2019_Proceedings_Book_ISBN_9781646694112.pdf%3Fv%3D4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorgan1942" class="citation book cs1">Morgan, Charles Hill (1942). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0T5oAAAAMAAJ">Corinth: The Byzantine Pottery</a>. Vol. 11. Cambridge, MA: Published for the American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Harvard University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780876611111" title="Special:BookSources/9780876611111"><bdi>9780876611111</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/36957616">36957616</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Corinth%3A+The+Byzantine+Pottery&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+MA&rft.pub=Published+for+the+American+School+of+Classical+Studies+at+Athens%2C+Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=1942&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F36957616&rft.isbn=9780876611111&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=Charles+Hill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0T5oAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNasse1964" class="citation book cs1">Nasse, George Nicholas (1964). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VjArAAAAYAAJ">The Italo-Albanian Villages of Southern Italy</a>. Washington, District of Columbia: National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780598204004" title="Special:BookSources/9780598204004"><bdi>9780598204004</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Italo-Albanian+Villages+of+Southern+Italy&rft.place=Washington%2C+District+of+Columbia&rft.pub=National+Academy+of+Sciences-National+Research+Council&rft.date=1964&rft.isbn=9780598204004&rft.aulast=Nasse&rft.aufirst=George+Nicholas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVjArAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNotopoulos1964" class="citation journal cs1">Notopoulos, James A. (1964). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ascsa.edu.gr/pdf/uploads/hesperia/147182.pdf">"Akritan Ikonography on Byzantine Pottery"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Hesperia_(journal)" title="Hesperia (journal)">Hesperia</a>. 33 (2): 108–133. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0018-098X">0018-098X</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/147182">147182</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hesperia&rft.atitle=Akritan+Ikonography+on+Byzantine+Pottery&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=108-133&rft.date=1964&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F147182%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=0018-098X&rft.aulast=Notopoulos&rft.aufirst=James+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ascsa.edu.gr%2Fpdf%2Fuploads%2Fhesperia%2F147182.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRomagnoli2010" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Romagnoli, Gianfranco (2010). "Il Reggimento Real Macedone". In Gianfranco Romagnoli (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.centrointernazionalestudisulmito.com/ebooks/albanesi.pdf">Miti e Cultura Arbëreshë</a> (PDF) (in Italian). Italy: Centro Internazionale Studi sul Mito Delegazione Siciliana.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Il+Reggimento+Real+Macedone&rft.btitle=Miti+e+Cultura+Arb%C3%ABresh%C3%AB&rft.place=Italy&rft.pub=Centro+Internazionale+Studi+sul+Mito+Delegazione+Siciliana&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Romagnoli&rft.aufirst=Gianfranco&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.centrointernazionalestudisulmito.com%2Febooks%2Falbanesi.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScarce2017" class="citation journal cs1">Scarce, Jennifer M. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3998%2Fars.13441566.0047.007">"Lord Byron (1788–1824) in Albanian Dress: A Sartorial Response to the Ottoman Empire"</a>. Ars Orientalis. 47: 158–77. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3998%2Fars.13441566.0047.007">10.3998/ars.13441566.0047.007</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/45238935">45238935</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ars+Orientalis&rft.atitle=Lord+Byron+%281788%E2%80%931824%29+in+Albanian+Dress%3A+A+Sartorial+Response+to+the+Ottoman+Empire&rft.volume=47&rft.pages=158-77&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3998%2Fars.13441566.0047.007&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F45238935%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Scarce&rft.aufirst=Jennifer+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.3998%252Fars.13441566.0047.007&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSkafidas2009" class="citation book cs1">Skafidas, Michael (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=amuNAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA145">"Fabricating Greekness: From Fustanella to the Glossy Page"</a>. In Paulicelli, Eugenia; Clark, Hazel (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=amuNAgAAQBAJ">The Fabric of Cultures: Fashion, Identity, and Globalization</a>. New York and Oxford: Taylor & Francis (Routledge). pp. 145–163. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-25356-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-25356-1"><bdi>978-1-135-25356-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Fabricating+Greekness%3A+From+Fustanella+to+the+Glossy+Page&rft.btitle=The+Fabric+of+Cultures%3A+Fashion%2C+Identity%2C+and+Globalization&rft.place=New+York+and+Oxford&rft.pages=145-163&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis+%28Routledge%29&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-135-25356-1&rft.aulast=Skafidas&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DamuNAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA145&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmithsonian_InstitutionMouseio_Benakē1959" class="citation book cs1">Smithsonian Institution; Mouseio Benakē (1959). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=k_g9AAAAYAAJ">Greek Costumes and Embroideries, from the Benaki Museum, Athens: An Exhibition Presented Under the Patronage of H.M. Queen Frederika of the Hellenes</a>. Washington, District of Columbia: Smithsonian Institution.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Greek+Costumes+and+Embroideries%2C+from+the+Benaki+Museum%2C+Athens%3A+An+Exhibition+Presented+Under+the+Patronage+of+H.M.+Queen+Frederika+of+the+Hellenes&rft.place=Washington%2C+District+of+Columbia&rft.pub=Smithsonian+Institution&rft.date=1959&rft.au=Smithsonian+Institution&rft.au=Mouseio+Benak%C4%93&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dk_g9AAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSnodgrass2014" class="citation book cs1">Snodgrass, Mary Ellen (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gO9nBwAAQBAJ">World Clothing and Fashion: An Encyclopedia of History, Culture, and Social Influence</a>. London and New York: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-317-45167-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-317-45167-9"><bdi>978-1-317-45167-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=World+Clothing+and+Fashion%3A+An+Encyclopedia+of+History%2C+Culture%2C+and+Social+Influence&rft.place=London+and+New+York&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-317-45167-9&rft.aulast=Snodgrass&rft.aufirst=Mary+Ellen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgO9nBwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSt._Clair1972" class="citation book cs1">St. Clair, William (1972). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/thatgreecemights0000stcl">That Greece Might Still be Free: The Philhellenes in the War of Independence</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-215194-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-215194-0"><bdi>978-0-19-215194-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=That+Greece+Might+Still+be+Free%3A+The+Philhellenes+in+the+War+of+Independence&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1972&rft.isbn=978-0-19-215194-0&rft.aulast=St.+Clair&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fthatgreecemights0000stcl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSuparaku2013" class="citation thesis cs1">Suparaku, Sokol (2013). Albanità in Ebollizione. Studio delle dinamiche dell'identità e delle rappresentazioni sociali degli Albanesi nella transizione tra epoca moderna e postmoderna (PhD). <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_Ca%27_Foscari_Venezia" class="mw-redirect" title="Università Ca' Foscari Venezia">Università Ca' Foscari Venezia</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Albanit%C3%A0+in+Ebollizione.+Studio+delle+dinamiche+dell%27identit%C3%A0+e+delle+rappresentazioni+sociali+degli+Albanesi+nella+transizione+tra+epoca+moderna+e+postmoderna&rft.inst=Universit%C3%A0+Ca%27+Foscari+Venezia&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Suparaku&rft.aufirst=Sokol&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTodorova1984" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Maria_Todorova" title="Maria Todorova">Todorova, Maria N.</a> (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ojs.lib.uom.gr/index.php/BalkanStudies/article/view/5133">"The Greek volunteers in the Crimean War"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Balkan_Studies_(Greece)" title="Institute for Balkan Studies (Greece)">Balkan Studies</a>. 25 (2): 539–563. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2241-1674">2241-1674</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Balkan+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Greek+volunteers+in+the+Crimean+War&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=539-563&rft.date=1984&rft.issn=2241-1674&rft.aulast=Todorova&rft.aufirst=Maria+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fojs.lib.uom.gr%2Findex.php%2FBalkanStudies%2Farticle%2Fview%2F5133&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTomes2011" class="citation book cs1">Tomes, Jason (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6jc7AwAAQBAJ&q=tailors&pg=PT55">King Zog: Self-Made Monarch of Albania</a>. Stroud: The History Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780752470870" title="Special:BookSources/9780752470870"><bdi>9780752470870</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=King+Zog%3A+Self-Made+Monarch+of+Albania&rft.place=Stroud&rft.pub=The+History+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9780752470870&rft.aulast=Tomes&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6jc7AwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dtailors%26pg%3DPT55&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrapuzzano2005" class="citation book cs1">Trapuzzano, Camillo (2005). Il costume femminile di Gizzeria. Lamezia Terme: Stampa Sud.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Il+costume+femminile+di+Gizzeria&rft.place=Lamezia+Terme&rft.pub=Stampa+Sud&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Trapuzzano&rft.aufirst=Camillo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVerinis2005" class="citation journal cs1">Verinis, James P. (May 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://muse.jhu.edu/demo/journal_of_modern_greek_studies/v023/23.1verinis.pdf">"Spiridon Loues, the Modern Foustanéla, and the Symbolic Power of Pallikariá at the 1896 Olympic Games"</a> (PDF). Journal of Modern Greek Studies. 23 (1): 139–175. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fmgs.2005.0010">10.1353/mgs.2005.0010</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:146732138">146732138</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Modern+Greek+Studies&rft.atitle=Spiridon+Loues%2C+the+Modern+Foustan%C3%A9la%2C+and+the+Symbolic+Power+of+Pallikari%C3%A1+at+the+1896+Olympic+Games&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=139-175&rft.date=2005-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fmgs.2005.0010&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A146732138%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Verinis&rft.aufirst=James+P.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmuse.jhu.edu%2Fdemo%2Fjournal_of_modern_greek_studies%2Fv023%2F23.1verinis.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍]</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeller1903" class="citation journal cs1">Weller, Charles Heald (1903). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/americanjourser207archuoft/americanjourser207archuoft_djvu.txt">"The Cave at Vari. I. Description, Account of Excavation, and History"</a>. American Journal of Archaeology. 7 (3): 263–288. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F496689">10.2307/496689</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/496689">496689</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:191368679">191368679</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Archaeology&rft.atitle=The+Cave+at+Vari.+I.+Description%2C+Account+of+Excavation%2C+and+History&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=263-288&rft.date=1903&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A191368679%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F496689%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F496689&rft.aulast=Weller&rft.aufirst=Charles+Heald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Famericanjourser207archuoft%2Famericanjourser207archuoft_djvu.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWelters1995" class="citation book cs1">Welters, Lisa (1995). "Ethnicity in Greek dress". In <a href="/wiki/Joanne_Eicher" title="Joanne Eicher">Eicher, Joanne</a> (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JKXpAAAAMAAJ">Dress and ethnicity: Change across space and time</a>. Oxford: Berg Publishers. pp. 53–77. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85496-879-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85496-879-4"><bdi>978-0-85496-879-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ethnicity+in+Greek+dress&rft.btitle=Dress+and+ethnicity%3A+Change+across+space+and+time&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=53-77&rft.pub=Berg+Publishers&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-85496-879-4&rft.aulast=Welters&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJKXpAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWenzel1962" class="citation journal cs1">Wenzel, Marian (1962). "Bosnian and Herzegovinian Tombstones–Who Made Them and Why?". Sudost-Forschungen (21): 102–143.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sudost-Forschungen&rft.atitle=Bosnian+and+Herzegovinian+Tombstones%E2%80%93Who+Made+Them+and+Why%3F&rft.issue=21&rft.pages=102-143&rft.date=1962&rft.aulast=Wenzel&rft.aufirst=Marian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoğer2004" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Doğer, Lale (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/152328">"Bizans Dönemi Fantastik Kurgulu Betimleme Taşıyan Yeni bir Seramik Obje"</a> (PDF). Sanat Tarihi Dergisi (in Turkish). 13 (2): 79–98.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sanat+Tarihi+Dergisi&rft.atitle=Bizans+D%C3%B6nemi+Fantastik+Kurgulu+Betimleme+Ta%C5%9F%C4%B1yan+Yeni+bir+Seramik+Obje&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=79-98&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Do%C4%9Fer&rft.aufirst=Lale&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdergipark.org.tr%2Ftr%2Fdownload%2Farticle-file%2F152328&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVroom2014" class="citation book cs1">Vroom, Joanita (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/22538631">"Human representations on Medieval Cypriot ceramics and beyond: The enigma of mysterious figures wrapped in riddles"</a> (PDF). In Papanikola-Bakirtzi, Demetra; Coureas, Nicholas (eds.). Cypriot Medieval Ceramics: Reconsiderations and New Perspectives. A.G. Leventis Foundation. pp. 153–189. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9963-0-8133-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-9963-0-8133-2"><bdi>978-9963-0-8133-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Human+representations+on+Medieval+Cypriot+ceramics+and+beyond%3A+The+enigma+of+mysterious+figures+wrapped+in+riddles&rft.btitle=Cypriot+Medieval+Ceramics%3A+Reconsiderations+and+New+Perspectives&rft.pages=153-189&rft.pub=A.G.+Leventis+Foundation&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-9963-0-8133-2&rft.aulast=Vroom&rft.aufirst=Joanita&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F22538631&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTzortzakakis2023" class="citation thesis cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tzortzakakis, Ioannis K. (2023). Αρχαία ελληνική και ρωμαϊκή αρχιτεκτονική στονελλαδικό χώρο σε κείμενα ταξιδιωτών του 18ου αιώνα [Ancient Greek and Roman architecture on the Greek land in 18th century travellers’ texts] (Thesis) (in Greek). School of Architecture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=%CE%91%CF%81%CF%87%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%B1+%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE+%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9+%CF%81%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8A%CE%BA%CE%AE+%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%87%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE+%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C+%CF%87%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%BF+%CF%83%CE%B5+%CE%BA%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%B1+%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BE%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%B9%CF%89%CF%84%CF%8E%CE%BD+%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85+18%CE%BF%CF%85+%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD%CE%B1&rft.inst=School+of+Architecture%2C+Aristotle+University+of+Thessaloniki&rft.date=2023&rft.aulast=Tzortzakakis&rft.aufirst=Ioannis+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTracey-MillerStrauss2014" class="citation book cs1">Tracey-Miller, Caitlin; Strauss, Mitchell D. (2014). "Fustanella". In Lynch, Annette; Strauss, Mitchell D. (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tiEvBQAAQBAJ">Ethnic Dress in the United States: A Cultural Encyclopedia</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rowman_%26_Littlefield" title="Rowman & Littlefield">Rowman & Littlefield</a>. pp. 126–128. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7591-2150-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7591-2150-8"><bdi>978-0-7591-2150-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Fustanella&rft.btitle=Ethnic+Dress+in+the+United+States%3A+A+Cultural+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=126-128&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-7591-2150-8&rft.aulast=Tracey-Miller&rft.aufirst=Caitlin&rft.au=Strauss%2C+Mitchell+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtiEvBQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVolait2021" class="citation book cs1">Volait, Mercedes (2021). "Guise and Disguise Before and During the Tanzimat". Antique Dealing and Creative Reuse in Cairo and Damascus 1850-1890: Intercultural Engagements with Architecture and Craft in the Age of Travel and Reform. Leiden studies in Islam and society. Vol. 12. Brill. pp. 186–241. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004449879" title="Special:BookSources/9789004449879"><bdi>9789004449879</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2210-8920">2210-8920</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctv1v7zbh3.10">10.1163/j.ctv1v7zbh3.10</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Guise+and+Disguise+Before+and+During+the+Tanzimat&rft.btitle=Antique+Dealing+and+Creative+Reuse+in+Cairo+and+Damascus+1850-1890%3A+Intercultural+Engagements+with+Architecture+and+Craft+in+the+Age+of+Travel+and+Reform&rft.series=Leiden+studies+in+Islam+and+society&rft.pages=186-241&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2021&rft.issn=2210-8920&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.1163%2Fj.ctv1v7zbh3.10%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.isbn=9789004449879&rft.aulast=Volait&rft.aufirst=Mercedes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWahba1990" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Magdi_Wahba" title="Magdi Wahba">Wahba, Magdi</a> (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MGOwCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA103">"Cairo Memories"</a>. In Neil Fodor, Tony McKenna (ed.). Studies In Arab History: The Antonius Lectures 1978-1987. Springer. pp. 103–117. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781349206575" title="Special:BookSources/9781349206575"><bdi>9781349206575</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Cairo+Memories&rft.btitle=Studies+In+Arab+History%3A+The+Antonius+Lectures+1978-1987&rft.pages=103-117&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=9781349206575&rft.aulast=Wahba&rft.aufirst=Magdi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMGOwCwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA103&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFustanella" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/fustanella">Dictionary.com – "Fustanella"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060515153424/http://library.thinkquest.org/04oct/01181/the_new_state.htm">The Fustanella in Greece</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Folk_costumes" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Folk_costumes" title="Template:Folk costumes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Folk_costumes" title="Template talk:Folk costumes"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Folk_costumes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Folk costumes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Folk_costumes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Folk_costume" title="Folk costume">Folk costumes</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Clothing_in_Africa" title="Clothing in Africa">Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balgha" title="Balgha">Balgha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agbada" title="Agbada">Boubou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dashiki" title="Dashiki">Dashiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djellaba" title="Djellaba">Djellaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Head_tie" title="Head tie">Head tie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jellabiya" title="Jellabiya">Jellabiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanzu" title="Kanzu">Kanzu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kente_cloth" title="Kente cloth">Kente cloth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kufi" title="Kufi">Kufi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litham" title="Litham">Litham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pareo" title="Pareo">Pareo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegalese_kaftan" title="Senegalese kaftan">Senegalese kaftan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tagelmust" class="mw-redirect" title="Tagelmust">Tagelmust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrapper_(clothing)" title="Wrapper (clothing)">Wrapper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pashtun_clothing" title="Pashtun clothing">Afghanistan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pakol" title="Pakol">Pakol</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapan" title="Chapan">Chapan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deel_(clothing)" title="Deel (clothing)">Deel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malahai" title="Malahai">Malahai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranja" title="Paranja">Paranja</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_clothing" title="Chinese clothing">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cheongsam" title="Cheongsam">Cheongsam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanfu" title="Hanfu">Hanfu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mao_suit" title="Mao suit">Mao suit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangzhuang" title="Tangzhuang">Tangzhuang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_clothing" title="Japanese clothing">Japan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hachimaki" title="Hachimaki">Hachimaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimono" title="Kimono">Kimono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obi_(sash)" title="Obi (sash)">Obi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Korean_clothing" title="List of Korean clothing">Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cheopji" title="Cheopji">Cheopji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daenggi" title="Daenggi">Daenggi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gache" title="Gache">Gache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanbok" title="Hanbok">Hanbok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hwagwan" title="Hwagwan">Hwagwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jokduri" title="Jokduri">Jokduri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wangjin" title="Wangjin">Manggeon</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Bhutan <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gho" title="Gho">Gho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kira_(Bhutan)" title="Kira (Bhutan)">Kira</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhoti" title="Dhoti">Dhoti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dupatta" title="Dupatta">Dupatta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clothing_in_India" title="Clothing in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lungi" title="Lungi">Lungi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newar_traditional_clothing" title="Newar traditional clothing">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_clothing" title="Pakistani clothing">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pathin" title="Pathin">Pathin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perak_(headdress)" title="Perak (headdress)">Perak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peshawari_turban" title="Peshawari turban">Peshawari pagri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sari" title="Sari">Sari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shalwar_kameez" title="Shalwar kameez">Shalwar kameez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherwani" title="Sherwani">Sherwani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southeast</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_clothing" title="Burmese clothing">Burma</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Longyi" title="Longyi">Longyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaung_baung" title="Gaung baung">Gaung baung</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmer_clothing" class="mw-redirect" title="Khmer clothing">Cambodia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sompot_Chong_Kben" title="Sompot Chong Kben">Chong Kben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krama" title="Krama">Krama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sompot" class="mw-redirect" title="Sompot">Sompot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sbai" title="Sbai">Sbai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_costume_of_Indonesia" title="National costume of Indonesia">Indonesia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bodo_blouse" title="Bodo blouse">Baju bodo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batik" title="Batik">Batik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blangkon" title="Blangkon">Blangkon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikat" title="Ikat">Ikat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kebaya" title="Kebaya">Kebaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemben" title="Kemben">Kemben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kupiah" title="Kupiah">Kupiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songket" title="Songket">Songket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songkok" title="Songkok">Songkok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tengkolok" title="Tengkolok">Tanjak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulos" title="Ulos">Ulos</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Laos#Traditional_clothing" title="Culture of Laos">Laos</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xout_lao" title="Xout lao">Xout lao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suea_pat" title="Suea pat">Suea pat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinh_(clothing)" title="Sinh (clothing)">Sinh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_cultural_outfits" title="Malaysian cultural outfits">Malaysia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baju_Kurung" title="Baju Kurung">Baju Kurung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baju_Melayu" title="Baju Melayu">Baju Melayu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songket" title="Songket">Songket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songkok" title="Songkok">Songkok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tengkolok" title="Tengkolok">Tengkolok</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_and_clothing_in_the_Philippines" title="Fashion and clothing in the Philippines">Philippines</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barong_tagalog" title="Barong tagalog">Barong tagalog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baro%27t_saya" title="Baro't saya">Baro't saya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buntal_hat" title="Buntal hat">Buntal hat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malong" title="Malong">Malong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Clara_gown" title="Maria Clara gown">Maria Clara gown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patadyong" title="Patadyong">Patadyong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salakot" title="Salakot">Salakot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Thai_clothing" title="Traditional Thai clothing">Thailand</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Thai_clothing#Banong" title="Traditional Thai clothing">Banong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chong_kraben" class="mw-redirect" title="Chong kraben">Chong kraben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Thai_clothing" title="Traditional Thai clothing">Chut Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formal_Thai_national_costume" title="Formal Thai national costume">Formal Chut Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Thai_clothing#Pha_khao_ma" title="Traditional Thai clothing">Pha khao ma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pha_nung" class="mw-redirect" title="Pha nung">Pha nung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raj_pattern" title="Raj pattern">Raj pattern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabai" class="mw-redirect" title="Sabai">Sabai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinh_(clothing)" title="Sinh (clothing)">Sinh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suea_pat" title="Suea pat">Suea pat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Thai_clothing#Tabengman" title="Traditional Thai clothing">Tabengman</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tudong" title="Tudong">Tudong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_clothing" title="Vietnamese clothing">Vietnam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81o_b%C3%A0_ba" title="Áo bà ba">Áo bà ba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81o_d%C3%A0i" title="Áo dài">Áo dài</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81o_giao_l%C4%A9nh" title="Áo giao lĩnh">Áo giao lĩnh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81o_t%E1%BB%A9_th%C3%A2n" title="Áo tứ thân">Áo tứ thân</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Middle East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abaya" title="Abaya">Abaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agal_(accessory)" title="Agal (accessory)">Agal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_clothing" class="mw-redirect" title="Assyrian clothing">Assyria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bisht_(clothing)" title="Bisht (clothing)">Bisht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boshiya" title="Boshiya">Boshiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burqa" title="Burqa">Burqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chador" title="Chador">Chador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izaar" title="Izaar">Izaar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_religious_clothing" title="Jewish religious clothing">Jewish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kippah" title="Kippah">Kippah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheitel" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheitel">Sheitel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tallit" title="Tallit">Tallit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tallit_katan" class="mw-redirect" title="Tallit katan">Tallit katan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tefillin" title="Tefillin">Tefillin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzitzit" title="Tzitzit">Tzitzit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jilb%C4%81b" title="Jilbāb">Jilbāb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keffiyeh" title="Keffiyeh">Keffiyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_clothing" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurdish clothing">Kurdish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niq%C4%81b" title="Niqāb">Niqāb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_costumes" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian costumes">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandama" title="Pandama">Pandama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thawb" title="Thawb">Thawb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turban" title="Turban">Turban</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hejazi_turban" title="Hejazi turban">Hejazi</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Balkan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Albanian_clothing" title="Traditional Albanian clothing">Traditional Albanian clothing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brez_(clothing)" title="Brez (clothing)">Brez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87orape" title="Çorape">Çorape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opinga" title="Opinga">Opinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qeleshe" title="Qeleshe">Qeleshe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xhamadan" title="Xhamadan">Xhamadan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xhubleta" title="Xhubleta">Xhubleta</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aromanian_traditional_clothing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aromanian traditional clothing (page does not exist)">Aromanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_national_costume" title="Croatian national costume">Croatia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fustanella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_dress" title="Greek dress">Greek</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chiton_(costume)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chiton (costume)">Chiton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlamys" title="Chlamys">Chlamys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himation" title="Himation">Himation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_national_costume" title="Macedonian national costume">Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_dress" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanian dress">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_traditional_clothing" title="Serbian traditional clothing">Serbia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_clothing_of_Kosovo" title="Traditional clothing of Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">British Isles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Britain <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_country_clothing" title="British country clothing">Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_uniform_and_dress_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Court uniform and dress in the United Kingdom">Court</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windsor_uniform" title="Windsor uniform">Windsor uniform</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_clothing" title="Irish clothing">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_dress" title="Highland dress">Scottish highlands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aboyne_dress" title="Aboyne dress">Aboyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feather_bonnet" title="Feather bonnet">Feather bonnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilt" title="Kilt">Kilt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sporran" title="Sporran">Sporran</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Welsh_costume" title="Traditional Welsh costume">Wales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dirndl" title="Dirndl">Dirndl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lederhosen" title="Lederhosen">Lederhosen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_costumes_of_Poland" title="National costumes of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracht" title="Tracht">Tracht</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eastern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_dress" title="Armenian dress">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_traditional_clothing" title="Azerbaijani traditional clothing">Azerbaijan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kelaghayi" title="Kelaghayi">Kelaghayi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_national_clothing" title="Ukrainian national clothing">Ukraine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kobeniak" title="Kobeniak">Kobeniak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kozhukh" title="Kozhukh">Kozhukh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kozhushanka" title="Kozhushanka">Kozhushanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ochipok" title="Ochipok">Ochipok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharovary" title="Sharovary">Sharovary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyshyvanka" title="Vyshyvanka">Vyshyvanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_wreath" title="Ukrainian wreath">Ukrainian wreath</a></li></ul></li> <li>Russia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kokoshnik" title="Kokoshnik">Kokoshnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovorotka" title="Kosovorotka">Kosovorotka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bast_shoe" title="Bast shoe">Lapti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orenburg_shawl" title="Orenburg shawl">Orenburg shawl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarafan" title="Sarafan">Sarafan</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Western</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Netherlands <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Poffer" title="Poffer">Poffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kraplap" title="Kraplap">Kraplap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oorijzer" title="Oorijzer">Oorijzer</a></li></ul></li> <li>France <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breton_costume" title="Breton costume">Breton costume</a></li></ul></li> <li>Spain <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Traje_de_flamenca" title="Traje de flamenca">Traje de flamenca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barretina" title="Barretina">Barretina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cachirulo" title="Cachirulo">Cachirulo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cordovan_hat" title="Cordovan hat">Cordovan hat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sombrero_de_catite" title="Sombrero de catite">Sombrero de catite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantilla" title="Mantilla">Mantilla</a></li></ul></li> <li>Italy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ciocia" title="Ciocia">Ciocia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coppola_cap" title="Coppola cap">Coppola cap</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scandinavian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bunad" title="Bunad">Bunad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A1kti" title="Gákti">Gákti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_national_costume" title="Icelandic national costume">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Sweden#Folk_costuming" title="Culture of Sweden">Sweden</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nationella_dr%C3%A4kten" title="Nationella dräkten">Nationella dräkten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A4ckadr%C3%A4kten" title="Bäckadräkten">Bäckadräkten</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sverigedr%C3%A4kten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sverigedräkten (page does not exist)">Sverigedräkten</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aguayo_(cloth)" title="Aguayo (cloth)">Aguayo</a></li> <li>Chile <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chamanto" title="Chamanto">Chamanto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilote_cap" title="Chilote cap">Chilote cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilote_poncho" title="Chilote poncho">Chilote poncho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chupalla" title="Chupalla">Chupalla</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chullo" title="Chullo">Chullo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guayabera" title="Guayabera">Guayabera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liqui_liqui" title="Liqui liqui">Liqui liqui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lliklla" title="Lliklla">Lliklla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panama_hat" title="Panama hat">Panama hat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pollera" title="Pollera">Pollera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poncho" title="Poncho">Poncho</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ruana" title="Ruana">Ruana</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inuit_clothing" title="Inuit clothing">Inuit skin clothing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tignon" title="Tignon">Tignon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceinture_fl%C3%A9ch%C3%A9e" title="Ceinture fléchée">Ceinture fléchée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_wear" title="Western wear">Western wear</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bolo_tie" title="Bolo tie">Bolo tie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaps" title="Chaps">Chaps</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huipil" title="Huipil">Huipil</a></li> <li>Mexico <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Huarache_(shoe)" title="Huarache (shoe)">Huarache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_pointy_boots" title="Mexican pointy boots">Mexican pointy boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebozo" title="Rebozo">Rebozo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serape" title="Serape">Serape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sombrero" title="Sombrero">Sombrero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quechquemitl" title="Quechquemitl">Quechquemitl</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grass_skirt" title="Grass skirt">Grass skirt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feather_cloak" title="Feather cloak">Feather cloak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I-sala" title="I-sala">I-sala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lap-lap" title="Lap-lap">Lap-lap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavalava" title="Lavalava">Lavalava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiekie_(clothing)" title="Kiekie (clothing)">Kiekie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pareo" title="Pareo">Pareo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulu_(skirt)" title="Sulu (skirt)">Sulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ta%CA%BBovala" title="Taʻovala">Taʻovala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C4%93fui" title="Tēfui">Tēfui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupenu" title="Tupenu">Tupenu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&oldid=1259933766">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&oldid=1259933766</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Albanian_clothing" title="Category:Albanian clothing">Albanian clothing</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Aromanian_culture" title="Category:Aromanian culture">Aromanian culture</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Greek_clothing" title="Category:Greek clothing">Greek clothing</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bulgarian_clothing" title="Category:Bulgarian clothing">Bulgarian clothing</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Macedonian_clothing" title="Category:Macedonian clothing">Macedonian clothing</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:National_symbols_of_Albania" title="Category:National symbols of Albania">National symbols of Albania</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Skirts" title="Category:Skirts">Skirts</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Greek-language_sources_(el)" title="Category:CS1 Greek-language sources (el)">CS1 Greek-language sources (el)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Albanian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Albanian-language text">Articles containing Albanian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Turkish-language_sources_(tr)" title="Category:CS1 Turkish-language sources (tr)">CS1 Turkish-language sources (tr)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_April_2020" title="Category:Use dmy dates from April 2020">Use dmy dates from April 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_multiple_image_with_auto_scaled_images" title="Category:Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images">Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Italian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Italian-language text">Articles containing Italian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_uses_Greek-language_script_(el)" title="Category:CS1 uses Greek-language script (el)">CS1 uses Greek-language script (el)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)" title="Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)">CS1 German-language sources (de)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Albanian-language_sources_(sq)" title="Category:CS1 Albanian-language sources (sq)">CS1 Albanian-language sources (sq)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">CS1 maint: location missing publisher</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Italian-language_sources_(it)" title="Category:CS1 Italian-language sources (it)">CS1 Italian-language sources (it)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_December_2019" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from December 2019">Articles with dead external links from December 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 27 November 2024, at 22:03 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fustanella&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6d94db5ff4-4dd8k","wgBackendResponseTime":1879,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.397","walltime":"1.617","ppvisitednodes":{"value":10015,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":272263,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":6846,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":15,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":13,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":343169,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1371.494 1 -total"," 26.39% 362.004 58 Template:Cite_book"," 24.60% 337.430 1 Template:Reflist"," 16.38% 224.613 62 Template:Sfn"," 7.77% 106.531 2 Template:Transliteration"," 7.34% 100.702 3 Template:Navbox"," 7.28% 99.826 1 Template:Folk_costume"," 5.53% 75.877 1 Template:Commons_category"," 5.39% 73.942 1 Template:Sister_project"," 5.27% 72.308 1 Template:Side_box"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.877","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":18832829,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAndromaqi_Gjergji2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAngelomatis-Tsougarakis1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAthanassoglou-Kallmyer1983\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBabiniotis1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBada1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBaleva2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBaleva2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBaltaWittman2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBellerLeerssen2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBeresford\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBialor2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBlumi2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrnardic2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChartrandCourcelle2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDe_Rapper2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDoğer2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFElsie\"] = 3,\n [\"CITEREFEthniko_Historiko_Mouseio1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEvans2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFlaherty2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFlaherty2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFox1977\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGerolymatos2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGjergji2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGjergji2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHernandez2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHoti1989\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFInstitute_of_Modern_Greek_Studies1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKaphetzopoulosFlokasDima-Dimitriou2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKaradzic1852\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKaralis2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKazhdan1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKeramopoulos1953\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKonitza1957\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKoryllos1903\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKoço2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKoço2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKukudēs2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKyrou2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLada-Minōtou1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLangkjær2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMaxwell2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMehmed1986\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMesi2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMeço2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMorgan1942\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMurawska-Muthesius2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNasse1964\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNotopoulos1964\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPapaloizos2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPapantoniou2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFProkopiu2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPsaras2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRomagnoli2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFScarce2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSkafidas2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSmithsonian_InstitutionMouseio_Benakē1959\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSnodgrass2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSpeake2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSt._Clair1972\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSuparaku2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTodorova1984\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTomes2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTracey-MillerStrauss2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTrapuzzano2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTzanelli2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTzortzakakis2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVerinis2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVolait2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVroom2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWahba1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWeller1903\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWelters1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWenzel1962\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFde_la_Poer_Beresford1855\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFΕλευθερία_Νικολαΐδου_(Eleutheria_Nikolaidou)1997\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Circa\"] = 4,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 58,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 15,\n [\"Cite thesis\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 9,\n [\"Commons category\"] = 1,\n [\"Dead link\"] = 1,\n [\"Folk costume\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvid\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvnb\"] = 62,\n [\"Lang\"] = 2,\n [\"Langx\"] = 1,\n [\"Multiple image\"] = 5,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Refend\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 62,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Transliteration\"] = 2,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-6d94db5ff4-4dd8k","timestamp":"20241128204113","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Fustanella","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fustanella","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1435606","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1435606","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2005-01-07T00:43:55Z","dateModified":"2024-11-27T22:03:03Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/13\/Souliotis_in_Corfu.jpg","headline":"traditional pleated skirt-like garment worn by men of the Balkans"}</script> </body> </html>