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subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Historical_background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Average_tenure_in_office" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Average_tenure_in_office"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Average tenure in office</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Average_tenure_in_office-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Role" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Role"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Role</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Role-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_White_House_chiefs_of_staff" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_White_House_chiefs_of_staff"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>List of White House chiefs of staff</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_White_House_chiefs_of_staff-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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Available in 32 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-32" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">32 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B8%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B6" title="رئيس موظفي البيت الأبيض – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رئيس موظفي البيت الأبيض" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Шеф на кабинета на Белия дом – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Шеф на кабинета на Белия дом" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennaeth_Staff_y_T%C5%B7_Gwyn" title="Pennaeth Staff y Tŷ Gwyn – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Pennaeth Staff y Tŷ Gwyn" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_Hvide_Hus%27_stabschef" title="Det Hvide Hus' stabschef – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Det Hvide Hus' stabschef" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stabschef_des_Wei%C3%9Fen_Hauses" title="Stabschef des Weißen Hauses – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Stabschef des Weißen Hauses" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valge_Maja_personali%C3%BClem" title="Valge Maja personaliülem – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Valge Maja personaliülem" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9B%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D_%CE%9F%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Επικεφαλής του Επιτελείου του Λευκού Οίκου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Επικεφαλής του Επιτελείου του Λευκού Οίκου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jefe_de_Gabinete_de_la_Casa_Blanca" title="Jefe de Gabinete de la Casa Blanca – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Jefe de Gabinete de la Casa Blanca" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stabestro_de_la_Blanka_Domo" title="Stabestro de la Blanka Domo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Stabestro de la Blanka Domo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D8%AF%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="رئیس دفتر رئیس‌جمهور ایالات متحده آمریکا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رئیس دفتر رئیس‌جمهور ایالات متحده آمریکا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chef_de_cabinet_de_la_Maison-Blanche" title="Chef de cabinet de la Maison-Blanche – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chef de cabinet de la Maison-Blanche" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EB%8C%80%ED%86%B5%EB%A0%B9_%EB%B9%84%EC%84%9C%EC%8B%A4%EC%9E%A5" title="미국의 대통령 비서실장 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미국의 대통령 비서실장" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepala_Staf_Gedung_Putih" title="Kepala Staf Gedung Putih – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kepala Staf Gedung Putih" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starfsmannastj%C3%B3ri_Hv%C3%ADta_h%C3%BAssins" title="Starfsmannastjóri Hvíta hússins – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Starfsmannastjóri Hvíta hússins" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capo_di_gabinetto_della_Casa_Bianca" title="Capo di gabinetto della Casa Bianca – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Capo di gabinetto della Casa Bianca" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9_%D7%A1%D7%92%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%91%D7%9F" title="ראש סגל הבית הלבן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ראש סגל הבית הלבן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Feh%C3%A9r_H%C3%A1z_kabinetf%C5%91n%C3%B6keinek_list%C3%A1ja" title="A Fehér Ház kabinetfőnökeinek listája – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="A Fehér Ház kabinetfőnökeinek listája" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketua_Staf_Rumah_Putih" title="Ketua Staf Rumah Putih – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ketua Staf Rumah Putih" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stafchef_van_het_Witte_Huis" title="Stafchef van het Witte Huis – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Stafchef van het Witte Huis" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E5%90%88%E8%A1%86%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E7%B5%B1%E9%A0%98%E9%A6%96%E5%B8%AD%E8%A3%9C%E4%BD%90%E5%AE%98" title="アメリカ合衆国大統領首席補佐官 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アメリカ合衆国大統領首席補佐官" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stabssjef_i_Det_hvite_hus" title="Stabssjef i Det hvite hus – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Stabssjef i Det hvite hus" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szef_personelu_Bia%C5%82ego_Domu" title="Szef personelu Białego Domu – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Szef personelu Białego Domu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chefe_de_Gabinete_da_Casa_Branca" title="Chefe de Gabinete da Casa Branca – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Chefe de Gabinete da Casa Branca" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Глава аппарата Белого дома – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Глава аппарата Белого дома" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_House_Chief_of_Staff" title="White House Chief of Staff – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="White House Chief of Staff" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valkoisen_talon_kansliap%C3%A4%C3%A4llikk%C3%B6" title="Valkoisen talon kansliapäällikkö – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Valkoisen talon kansliapäällikkö" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vita_husets_stabschef" title="Vita husets stabschef – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vita husets stabschef" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7" title="หัวหน้าเจ้าหน้าที่ทำเนียบขาว – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="หัวหน้าเจ้าหน้าที่ทำเนียบขาว" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyaz_Saray_Genel_Sekreteri" title="Beyaz Saray Genel Sekreteri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Beyaz Saray Genel Sekreteri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%97_%D0%91%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83" title="Голова адміністрації Білого дому – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Голова адміністрації Білого дому" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A1nh_v%C4%83n_ph%C3%B2ng_Nh%C3%A0_Tr%E1%BA%AFng" title="Chánh văn phòng Nhà Trắng – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chánh văn phòng Nhà Trắng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E5%AE%AE%E5%B9%95%E5%83%9A%E9%95%B7" title="白宮幕僚長 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="白宮幕僚長" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q786242#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/White_House_Chief_of_Staff" 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.infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;">White House Chief of Staff</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg/175px-US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg/263px-US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg/350px-US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="83" data-file-height="58" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Jeff_Zients,_WHCOS.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Jeff_Zients%2C_WHCOS.jpg/220px-Jeff_Zients%2C_WHCOS.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Jeff_Zients%2C_WHCOS.jpg/330px-Jeff_Zients%2C_WHCOS.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/Jeff_Zients%2C_WHCOS.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline;font-weight:bold;">Incumbent<br /><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Zients" title="Jeff Zients">Jeff Zients</a><br /></div>since February 8, 2023</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Executive_Office_of_the_President" class="mw-redirect" title="Executive Office of the President">Executive Office of the President</a><br /><a href="/wiki/White_House_Office" title="White House Office">White House Office</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reports to</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Appointer</th><td class="infobox-data">President of the United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data">1946 (Assistant to the President)<br />1961 (White House Chief of Staff)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First holder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_R._Steelman" title="John R. Steelman">John R. Steelman</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whitehouse.gov">www<wbr />.whitehouse<wbr />.gov</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:P20210824AS-0004_(51644632161).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/P20210824AS-0004_%2851644632161%29.jpg/220px-P20210824AS-0004_%2851644632161%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/P20210824AS-0004_%2851644632161%29.jpg/330px-P20210824AS-0004_%2851644632161%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/P20210824AS-0004_%2851644632161%29.jpg/440px-P20210824AS-0004_%2851644632161%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>President Joe Biden walks with Chief of Staff <a href="/wiki/Ron_Klain" title="Ron Klain">Ron Klain</a> along the Colonnade of the White House.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jimmy_Carter_meets_with_Jack_Watson,_cabinet_secretary,_in_the_Oval_Office_-_NARA_-_176952.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Jimmy_Carter_meets_with_Jack_Watson%2C_cabinet_secretary%2C_in_the_Oval_Office_-_NARA_-_176952.jpg/220px-Jimmy_Carter_meets_with_Jack_Watson%2C_cabinet_secretary%2C_in_the_Oval_Office_-_NARA_-_176952.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Jimmy_Carter_meets_with_Jack_Watson%2C_cabinet_secretary%2C_in_the_Oval_Office_-_NARA_-_176952.jpg/330px-Jimmy_Carter_meets_with_Jack_Watson%2C_cabinet_secretary%2C_in_the_Oval_Office_-_NARA_-_176952.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Jimmy_Carter_meets_with_Jack_Watson%2C_cabinet_secretary%2C_in_the_Oval_Office_-_NARA_-_176952.jpg/440px-Jimmy_Carter_meets_with_Jack_Watson%2C_cabinet_secretary%2C_in_the_Oval_Office_-_NARA_-_176952.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2947" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Chief of Staff <a href="/wiki/Jack_Watson_(presidential_adviser)" title="Jack Watson (presidential adviser)">Jack Watson</a> (1980–1981) meets with President <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Oval_Office" title="Oval Office">Oval Office</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:George_H._W._Bush_on_telephone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/George_H._W._Bush_on_telephone.jpg/220px-George_H._W._Bush_on_telephone.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/George_H._W._Bush_on_telephone.jpg/330px-George_H._W._Bush_on_telephone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/George_H._W._Bush_on_telephone.jpg/440px-George_H._W._Bush_on_telephone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="396" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> sits at his desk in the <a href="/wiki/Oval_Office_Study" title="Oval Office Study">Oval Office Study</a> as Chief of Staff <a href="/wiki/John_H._Sununu" title="John H. Sununu">John Sununu</a> stands nearby.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chief_of_Staff_Reince_Priebus_looks_into_the_Oval_Office_as_President_Donald_Trump_reads_over_his_notes,_March_2017.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Chief_of_Staff_Reince_Priebus_looks_into_the_Oval_Office_as_President_Donald_Trump_reads_over_his_notes%2C_March_2017.jpg/220px-Chief_of_Staff_Reince_Priebus_looks_into_the_Oval_Office_as_President_Donald_Trump_reads_over_his_notes%2C_March_2017.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Chief_of_Staff_Reince_Priebus_looks_into_the_Oval_Office_as_President_Donald_Trump_reads_over_his_notes%2C_March_2017.jpg/330px-Chief_of_Staff_Reince_Priebus_looks_into_the_Oval_Office_as_President_Donald_Trump_reads_over_his_notes%2C_March_2017.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Chief_of_Staff_Reince_Priebus_looks_into_the_Oval_Office_as_President_Donald_Trump_reads_over_his_notes%2C_March_2017.jpg/440px-Chief_of_Staff_Reince_Priebus_looks_into_the_Oval_Office_as_President_Donald_Trump_reads_over_his_notes%2C_March_2017.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Chief of Staff <a href="/wiki/Reince_Priebus" title="Reince Priebus">Reince Priebus</a> looks into the Oval Office as President <a href="/wiki/Donald_J._Trump" class="mw-redirect" title="Donald J. Trump">Donald J. Trump</a> reads over his notes.</figcaption></figure> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Barack_Obama_and_Rahm_Emanuel_in_the_Oval_Office_10-2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Barack_Obama_and_Rahm_Emanuel_in_the_Oval_Office_10-2009.jpg/220px-Barack_Obama_and_Rahm_Emanuel_in_the_Oval_Office_10-2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Barack_Obama_and_Rahm_Emanuel_in_the_Oval_Office_10-2009.jpg/330px-Barack_Obama_and_Rahm_Emanuel_in_the_Oval_Office_10-2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Barack_Obama_and_Rahm_Emanuel_in_the_Oval_Office_10-2009.jpg/440px-Barack_Obama_and_Rahm_Emanuel_in_the_Oval_Office_10-2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3500" data-file-height="2333" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> meets with White House Chief of Staff <a href="/wiki/Rahm_Emanuel" title="Rahm Emanuel">Rahm Emanuel</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Oval_Office" title="Oval Office">Oval Office</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>White House Chief of Staff</b> is the head of the <a href="/wiki/Executive_Office_of_the_President_of_the_United_States" title="Executive Office of the President of the United States">Executive Office of the President of the United States</a>, a cabinet position in the federal government of the United States. </p><p>The chief of staff is a <a href="/wiki/Political_appointments_in_the_United_States" title="Political appointments in the United States">political appointee</a> of the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">president of the United States</a> who does not require <a href="/wiki/Advice_and_consent" title="Advice and consent">Senate confirmation</a>, and who serves at the pleasure of the President. While not a legally required role, all presidents since <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> have appointed a chief of staff. </p><p>In the administration of <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a>, the current chief of staff is <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Zients" title="Jeff Zients">Jeff Zients</a>, who succeeded <a href="/wiki/Ron_Klain" title="Ron Klain">Ron Klain</a> on February 8, 2023. The chief of staff is the most senior political appointee in the White House. The position is widely recognized as one of great power and influence, owing to daily contact with the president of the United States and control of the <a href="/wiki/Executive_Office_of_the_President_of_the_United_States" title="Executive Office of the President of the United States">Executive Office of the President of the United States</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historical_background">Historical background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_House_Chief_of_Staff&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Historical background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Originally, the duties now performed by the chief of staff belonged to the president's <a href="/wiki/Secretary_to_the_President_of_the_United_States" title="Secretary to the President of the United States">private secretary</a> and were fulfilled by crucial confidantes and policy advisers such as <a href="/wiki/George_B._Cortelyou" title="George B. Cortelyou">George B. Cortelyou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Patrick_Tumulty" title="Joseph Patrick Tumulty">Joseph Tumulty</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Louis_McHenry_Howe" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis McHenry Howe">Louis McHenry Howe</a> to presidents <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Roosevelt" class="mw-redirect" title="Franklin Roosevelt">Franklin Roosevelt</a>, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-Secretary_to_the_President_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Secretary_to_the_President-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The private secretary served as the president's <i>de facto</i> chief aide, in a role that combined personal and professional assignments of highly delicate and demanding natures, requiring great skill and utmost discretion.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The job of gatekeeper and overseeing the president's schedule was separately delegated to the appointments secretary, as with aide <a href="/wiki/Edwin_%22Pa%22_Watson" title="Edwin "Pa" Watson">Edwin "Pa" Watson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FDR_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDR-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1933 to 1939, as he greatly expanded the scope of the federal government's policies and powers in response to the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a>, President <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> relied on his famous '<a href="/wiki/Brain_Trust#Roosevelt's_"Brain_Trust"" class="mw-redirect" title="Brain Trust">Brain Trust</a>' of top advisers. Although working directly for the president, they were often appointed to vacant positions in federal agencies and departments, whence they drew their salaries since the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> lacked statutory or budgetary authority to create staff positions. It was not until 1939, during Roosevelt's second term in office, that the foundations of the modern <a href="/wiki/White_House_staff" class="mw-redirect" title="White House staff">White House staff</a> were created using a formal structure. Roosevelt was able to persuade Congress to approve the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Executive_Office_of_the_President" class="mw-redirect" title="Executive Office of the President">Executive Office of the President</a>, which would report directly to the president. During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, Roosevelt created the position of "Chief of Staff to the Commander-in-Chief" for his principal military adviser, Fleet Admiral <a href="/wiki/William_D._Leahy" title="William D. Leahy">William D. Leahy</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1946, in response to the rapid growth of the U.S. government's <a href="/wiki/Executive_branch" class="mw-redirect" title="Executive branch">executive branch</a>, the position of "Assistant to the President of the United States" was established. Charged with the affairs of the White House, it was the immediate predecessor to the modern chief of staff. It was in 1953, under <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> President <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a>, that the president's preeminent assistant was designated the "White House Chief of Staff".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Assistant to the president became a rank generally shared by the chief of staff along with the other most senior presidential aides such as the <a href="/wiki/White_House_counsel" class="mw-redirect" title="White House counsel">White House counsel</a>, the <a href="/wiki/White_House_press_secretary" class="mw-redirect" title="White House press secretary">White House press secretary</a>, and others. This new system did not catch on immediately however. Presidents Kennedy and Johnson still relied on their appointments secretaries instead, and it was not until the <a href="/wiki/Nixon_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Nixon administration">Nixon administration</a> that the chief of staff took over maintenance of the President's schedule. This concentration of power in the <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Ford</a> White House (whose last chief of staff was <a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Dick Cheney</a>) led presidential candidate <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> to campaign in 1976 with the promise that he would not appoint a chief of staff. And indeed, for the first two and a half years of his presidency, he appointed no one to the post.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Average_tenure_in_office">Average tenure in office</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_House_Chief_of_Staff&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Average tenure in office"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The average tenure for a White House chief of staff is a little more than 18 months.<sup id="cite_ref-Whipple_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whipple-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The inaugural chief of staff, <a href="/wiki/John_R._Steelman" title="John R. Steelman">John R. Steelman</a>, under <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a>, was the president's only chief of staff; <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_O%27Donnell" title="Kenneth O'Donnell">Kenneth O'Donnell</a> alone served in the position during <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a>'s unfinished term of 34 months in office. <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Card" title="Andrew Card">Andrew Card</a> and <a href="/wiki/Denis_McDonough" title="Denis McDonough">Denis McDonough</a> each served at least one entire presidential <i>term of office</i> under presidents <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>, respectively.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Role">Role</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_House_Chief_of_Staff&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Role"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> Chris Whipple, author of <i>The Gatekeepers: How the White House Chiefs of Staff Define Every Presidency</i>, loosely describes the role of a White House chief of staff through his interview with former president <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>During the last days of his presidency, Barack Obama observed: 'One of the things I've learned is that the big breakthroughs are typically the result of a lot of grunt work—just a whole lot of blocking and tackling.' Grunt work is what chiefs of staff do.<sup id="cite_ref-Whipple_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whipple-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Chris Whipple</cite></div></blockquote> <p>The responsibilities of the chief of staff are both managerial and advisory and may include the following: </p> <ul><li>Selecting senior White House staffers and supervising their offices' activities;</li> <li>Managing and designing the overall structure of the White House staff system;</li> <li>Control the flow of people into the <a href="/wiki/Oval_Office" title="Oval Office">Oval Office</a>;</li> <li>Manage the flow of information to and decisions from the <a href="/wiki/Resolute_desk" title="Resolute desk">Resolute Desk</a> (with the <a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_the_Staff_Secretary" title="White House Office of the Staff Secretary">White House staff secretary</a>);</li> <li>Directing, managing and overseeing all policy development;</li> <li>Protecting the political interests of the president;</li> <li>Negotiating legislation and appropriating funds with <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a> leaders, <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Cabinet secretaries</a>, and extra-governmental political groups to implement the president's agenda; and</li> <li>Advise on any and usually various issues set by the president.<sup id="cite_ref-Whipple_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whipple-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>These responsibilities have recently extended to firing of senior staff members. In the case of <a href="/wiki/Omarosa_Manigault_Newman" title="Omarosa Manigault Newman">Omarosa Manigault Newman</a>, who published a tape she alleged was made in the <a href="/wiki/Situation_Room" title="Situation Room">Situation Room</a> of her firing by Chief of Staff John Kelly, the chief of staff said that his decision for her departure was non-negotiable and that "the staff and everyone on the staff works for me and not the president."<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a>'s first chief of staff, <a href="/wiki/H._R._Haldeman" title="H. R. Haldeman">H. R. Haldeman</a>, garnered a reputation in Washington for the iron hand he wielded in the position. Famously referring to himself as "the president's son-of-a-bitch", he was a rigid gatekeeper who would frequently meet with administration officials in place of the president, and then report himself to Nixon on the officials' talking points. Journalist <a href="/wiki/Bob_Woodward" title="Bob Woodward">Bob Woodward</a>, in his books <i><a href="/wiki/All_the_President%27s_Men" title="All the President's Men">All the President's Men</a></i> (1974) and <i>The Secret Man</i> (2005), wrote that many of his sources, including <a href="/wiki/Mark_Felt" title="Mark Felt">Mark Felt</a>, later revealed as "<a href="/wiki/Deep_Throat_(Watergate)" title="Deep Throat (Watergate)">Deep Throat</a>", displayed a genuine fear of Haldeman.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_White_House_chiefs_of_staff">List of White House chiefs of staff</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_House_Chief_of_Staff&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: List of White House chiefs of staff"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th data-sort-type="number"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> </th> <th class="unsortable">Portrait </th> <th>Name</th> <th data-sort-type="date">Took office</th> <th data-sort-type="date">Left office</th> <th>Time in office</th> <th colspan="1">Party</th> <th><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> </th></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#3333FF; color:white;">1</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Steelman-Conciliation-Service_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="John Steelman"><img alt="John Steelman" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Steelman-Conciliation-Service_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Steelman-Conciliation-Service_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Steelman-Conciliation-Service_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Steelman-Conciliation-Service_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Steelman-Conciliation-Service_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Steelman-Conciliation-Service_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="479" data-file-height="625" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Steelman, John</span><b><a href="/wiki/John_R._Steelman" title="John R. Steelman">John Steelman</a></b><br /><small>(1900–1999)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">December 12, 1946</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 1953</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7003223100000000000♠"></span>6 years, 39 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#E81B23; color:black;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">2</span></td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GLSAAdams_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sherman Adams"><img alt="Sherman Adams" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/GLSAAdams_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-GLSAAdams_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/GLSAAdams_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="138" data-file-height="180" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Adams, Sherman</span><b><a href="/wiki/Sherman_Adams" title="Sherman Adams">Sherman Adams</a></b><br /><small>(1899–1986)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 1953</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">October 7, 1958</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7003208600000000000♠"></span>5 years, 260 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#E81B23; color:black;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">3</span></td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wilton_Persons_taking_the_oath_of_office_(cropped).png" class="mw-file-description" title="Wilton Persons"><img alt="Wilton Persons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Wilton_Persons_taking_the_oath_of_office_%28cropped%29.png/100px-Wilton_Persons_taking_the_oath_of_office_%28cropped%29.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Wilton_Persons_taking_the_oath_of_office_%28cropped%29.png/150px-Wilton_Persons_taking_the_oath_of_office_%28cropped%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Wilton_Persons_taking_the_oath_of_office_%28cropped%29.png/200px-Wilton_Persons_taking_the_oath_of_office_%28cropped%29.png 2x" data-file-width="578" data-file-height="754" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Persons, Wilton</span><b><a href="/wiki/Wilton_Persons" title="Wilton Persons">Wilton Persons</a></b><br /><small>(1896–1977)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">October 7, 1958</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 1961</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002836000000000000♠"></span>2 years, 105 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#3333FF; color:white;">–</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kenny_O%27Donnell_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kenneth O'Donnell"><img alt="Kenneth O'Donnell" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Kenny_O%27Donnell_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Kenny_O%27Donnell_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Kenny_O%27Donnell_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Kenny_O%27Donnell_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Kenny_O%27Donnell_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Kenny_O%27Donnell_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="367" data-file-height="479" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">O'Donnell, Kenneth</span><b><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_O%27Donnell" title="Kenneth O'Donnell">Kenneth O'Donnell</a></b><br /><small>(1924–1977)</small><br /><sup id="cite_ref-note_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 1961</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">November 22, 1963</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7003103600000000000♠"></span>2 years, 306 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#3333FF; color:white;">–</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Walter_Jenkins_1963_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Walter Jenkins"><img alt="Walter Jenkins" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Walter_Jenkins_1963_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Walter_Jenkins_1963_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Walter_Jenkins_1963_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Walter_Jenkins_1963_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Walter_Jenkins_1963_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Walter_Jenkins_1963_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="217" data-file-height="283" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Jenkins, Walter</span><b><a href="/wiki/Walter_Jenkins" title="Walter Jenkins">Walter Jenkins</a></b><br /><small>(1918–1985)</small><br /><sup id="cite_ref-note_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">November 22, 1963</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">October 14, 1964</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002327000000000000♠"></span>327 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#3333FF; color:white;">–</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bill_Moyers_clock_21_July_1965_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bill Moyers"><img alt="Bill Moyers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Bill_Moyers_clock_21_July_1965_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Bill_Moyers_clock_21_July_1965_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Bill_Moyers_clock_21_July_1965_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Bill_Moyers_clock_21_July_1965_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Bill_Moyers_clock_21_July_1965_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="235" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Moyers, Bill</span><b><a href="/wiki/Bill_Moyers" title="Bill Moyers">Bill Moyers</a></b><br /><small>(born 1934)</small><br /><sup id="cite_ref-note_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">October 14, 1964</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">July 8, 1965</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002267000000000000♠"></span>267 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#3333FF; color:white;">–</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jack_Valenti_Portrait_(cropped).jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jack Valenti"><img alt="Jack Valenti" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Jack_Valenti_Portrait_%28cropped%29.jpeg/100px-Jack_Valenti_Portrait_%28cropped%29.jpeg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Jack_Valenti_Portrait_%28cropped%29.jpeg/150px-Jack_Valenti_Portrait_%28cropped%29.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/Jack_Valenti_Portrait_%28cropped%29.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="235" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Valenti, Jack</span><b><a href="/wiki/Jack_Valenti" title="Jack Valenti">Jack Valenti</a></b><br /><small>(1921–2007)</small><br /><sup id="cite_ref-note_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">July 8, 1965</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">June 1, 1966</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002328000000000000♠"></span>328 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#3333FF; color:white;">–</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_officiel_de_W._Marvin_Watson_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Marvin Watson"><img alt="Marvin Watson" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Portrait_officiel_de_W._Marvin_Watson_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Portrait_officiel_de_W._Marvin_Watson_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Portrait_officiel_de_W._Marvin_Watson_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Portrait_officiel_de_W._Marvin_Watson_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Portrait_officiel_de_W._Marvin_Watson_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Portrait_officiel_de_W._Marvin_Watson_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="288" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Watson, Marvin</span><b><a href="/wiki/W._Marvin_Watson" title="W. Marvin Watson">Marvin Watson</a></b><br /><small>(1924–2017)</small><br /><sup id="cite_ref-note_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">June 1, 1966</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">April 26, 1968</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002695000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 330 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#3333FF; color:white;">–</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Robert_Jones_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="James R. Jones"><img alt="James R. Jones" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/James_Robert_Jones_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-James_Robert_Jones_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/James_Robert_Jones_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-James_Robert_Jones_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/James_Robert_Jones_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-James_Robert_Jones_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="291" data-file-height="372" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Jones, James</span><b><a href="/wiki/James_R._Jones" title="James R. Jones">James R. Jones</a></b><br /><small>(born 1939)</small><br /><sup id="cite_ref-note_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">April 26, 1968</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 1969</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002269000000000000♠"></span>269 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#E81B23; color:black;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">4</span></td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:H_R_Haldeman,_1971_portrait_(cropped)_2.png" class="mw-file-description" title="H. R. Haldeman"><img alt="H. R. Haldeman" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/H_R_Haldeman%2C_1971_portrait_%28cropped%29_2.png/100px-H_R_Haldeman%2C_1971_portrait_%28cropped%29_2.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/H_R_Haldeman%2C_1971_portrait_%28cropped%29_2.png/150px-H_R_Haldeman%2C_1971_portrait_%28cropped%29_2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/H_R_Haldeman%2C_1971_portrait_%28cropped%29_2.png/200px-H_R_Haldeman%2C_1971_portrait_%28cropped%29_2.png 2x" data-file-width="580" data-file-height="757" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Haldeman, Harry</span><b><a href="/wiki/H._R._Haldeman" title="H. R. Haldeman">H. R. Haldeman</a></b><br /><small>(1926–1993)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 1969</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">April 30, 1973</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7003156100000000000♠"></span>4 years, 100 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a></td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="8"><b>Vacant</b><br />April 30, 1973 – May 4, 1973 (<span data-sort-value="7000400000000000000♠"></span>4 days) </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#E81B23; color:black;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">5</span></td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alexander_Haig_photo_portrait_as_White_House_Chief_of_Staff_black_and_white_(slightly_cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Alexander Haig"><img alt="Alexander Haig" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Alexander_Haig_photo_portrait_as_White_House_Chief_of_Staff_black_and_white_%28slightly_cropped%29.jpg/100px-Alexander_Haig_photo_portrait_as_White_House_Chief_of_Staff_black_and_white_%28slightly_cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Alexander_Haig_photo_portrait_as_White_House_Chief_of_Staff_black_and_white_%28slightly_cropped%29.jpg/150px-Alexander_Haig_photo_portrait_as_White_House_Chief_of_Staff_black_and_white_%28slightly_cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Alexander_Haig_photo_portrait_as_White_House_Chief_of_Staff_black_and_white_%28slightly_cropped%29.jpg/200px-Alexander_Haig_photo_portrait_as_White_House_Chief_of_Staff_black_and_white_%28slightly_cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="624" data-file-height="814" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Haig, Alexander</span><b><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Haig" title="Alexander Haig">Alexander Haig</a></b><br /><small>(1924–2010)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">May 4, 1973</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">September 21, 1974</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002505000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 140 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#E81B23; color:black;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">6</span></td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Secretary_of_Defense_Donald_Rumsfeld_and_Chairman_of_the_Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff_General_George_S._Brown_at_a_press_conference_in_the_Pentagon_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Donald Rumsfeld"><img alt="Donald Rumsfeld" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Secretary_of_Defense_Donald_Rumsfeld_and_Chairman_of_the_Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff_General_George_S._Brown_at_a_press_conference_in_the_Pentagon_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Secretary_of_Defense_Donald_Rumsfeld_and_Chairman_of_the_Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff_General_George_S._Brown_at_a_press_conference_in_the_Pentagon_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Secretary_of_Defense_Donald_Rumsfeld_and_Chairman_of_the_Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff_General_George_S._Brown_at_a_press_conference_in_the_Pentagon_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Secretary_of_Defense_Donald_Rumsfeld_and_Chairman_of_the_Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff_General_George_S._Brown_at_a_press_conference_in_the_Pentagon_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Secretary_of_Defense_Donald_Rumsfeld_and_Chairman_of_the_Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff_General_George_S._Brown_at_a_press_conference_in_the_Pentagon_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Secretary_of_Defense_Donald_Rumsfeld_and_Chairman_of_the_Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff_General_George_S._Brown_at_a_press_conference_in_the_Pentagon_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="715" data-file-height="934" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Rumsfeld, Donald</span><b><a href="/wiki/Donald_Rumsfeld" title="Donald Rumsfeld">Donald Rumsfeld</a></b><br /><small>(1932–2021)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">September 21, 1974</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">November 20, 1975</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002425000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 60 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#E81B23; color:black;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">7</span></td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Richard_Cheney_with_another_member_of_the_Ford_administration_staff_at_the_White_House_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dick Cheney"><img alt="Dick Cheney" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Richard_Cheney_with_another_member_of_the_Ford_administration_staff_at_the_White_House_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Richard_Cheney_with_another_member_of_the_Ford_administration_staff_at_the_White_House_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Richard_Cheney_with_another_member_of_the_Ford_administration_staff_at_the_White_House_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Richard_Cheney_with_another_member_of_the_Ford_administration_staff_at_the_White_House_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Richard_Cheney_with_another_member_of_the_Ford_administration_staff_at_the_White_House_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Richard_Cheney_with_another_member_of_the_Ford_administration_staff_at_the_White_House_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="732" data-file-height="956" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Cheney, Dick</span><b><a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Dick Cheney</a></b><br /><small>(born 1941)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">November 20, 1975</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 1977</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002427000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 61 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a></td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="8"><b>Vacant</b><br />January 20, 1977 – July 18, 1979 (<span data-sort-value="7002909000000000000♠"></span>2 years, 179 days) </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#3333FF; color:white;">8</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hamilton_Jordan_-_NARA_-_173802_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hamilton Jordan"><img alt="Hamilton Jordan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Hamilton_Jordan_-_NARA_-_173802_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Hamilton_Jordan_-_NARA_-_173802_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Hamilton_Jordan_-_NARA_-_173802_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Hamilton_Jordan_-_NARA_-_173802_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Hamilton_Jordan_-_NARA_-_173802_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Hamilton_Jordan_-_NARA_-_173802_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1891" data-file-height="2468" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Jordan, Hamilton</span><b><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Jordan" title="Hamilton Jordan">Hamilton Jordan</a></b><br /><small>(1944–2008)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">July 18, 1979</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">June 11, 1980</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002329000000000000♠"></span>329 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#3333FF; color:white;">9</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Watson_1977_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jack Watson"><img alt="Jack Watson" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Watson_1977_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Watson_1977_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Watson_1977_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Watson_1977_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Watson_1977_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Watson_1977_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1969" data-file-height="2570" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Watson, Jack</span><b><a href="/wiki/Jack_Watson_(presidential_adviser)" title="Jack Watson (presidential adviser)">Jack Watson</a></b><br /><small>(born 1938)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">June 11, 1980</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 1981</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002223000000000000♠"></span>223 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#E81B23; color:black;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">10</span></td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Baker,_Assistant_to_the_President_and_Chief_of_Staff_ME671-1_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="James Baker"><img alt="James Baker" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/James_Baker%2C_Assistant_to_the_President_and_Chief_of_Staff_ME671-1_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-James_Baker%2C_Assistant_to_the_President_and_Chief_of_Staff_ME671-1_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/James_Baker%2C_Assistant_to_the_President_and_Chief_of_Staff_ME671-1_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-James_Baker%2C_Assistant_to_the_President_and_Chief_of_Staff_ME671-1_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/James_Baker%2C_Assistant_to_the_President_and_Chief_of_Staff_ME671-1_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-James_Baker%2C_Assistant_to_the_President_and_Chief_of_Staff_ME671-1_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="301" data-file-height="393" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Baker, James</span><b><a href="/wiki/James_Baker" title="James Baker">James Baker</a></b><br /><small>(born 1930)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 1981</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">February 4, 1985</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7003147600000000000♠"></span>4 years, 15 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#E81B23; color:black;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">11</span></td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Donald_Thomas_Regan,_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_ME352-10_(cropped)_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Donald Regan"><img alt="Donald Regan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Donald_Thomas_Regan%2C_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_ME352-10_%28cropped%29_3.jpg/100px-Donald_Thomas_Regan%2C_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_ME352-10_%28cropped%29_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Donald_Thomas_Regan%2C_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_ME352-10_%28cropped%29_3.jpg/150px-Donald_Thomas_Regan%2C_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_ME352-10_%28cropped%29_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Donald_Thomas_Regan%2C_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_ME352-10_%28cropped%29_3.jpg/200px-Donald_Thomas_Regan%2C_Secretary_of_the_Treasury_ME352-10_%28cropped%29_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="309" data-file-height="403" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Regan, Donald</span><b><a href="/wiki/Donald_Regan" title="Donald Regan">Donald Regan</a></b><br /><small>(1918–2003)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">February 4, 1985</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">February 27, 1987</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002753000000000000♠"></span>2 years, 23 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#E81B23; color:black;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">12</span></td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Howard_Baker_1989_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Howard Baker"><img alt="Howard Baker" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Howard_Baker_1989_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Howard_Baker_1989_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Howard_Baker_1989_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Howard_Baker_1989_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Howard_Baker_1989_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Howard_Baker_1989_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="385" data-file-height="503" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Baker, Howard</span><b><a href="/wiki/Howard_Baker" title="Howard Baker">Howard Baker</a></b><br /><small>(1925–2014)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">February 27, 1987</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">July 1, 1988</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002490000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 125 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#E81B23; color:black;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">13</span></td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kenneth_Duberstein_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kenneth Duberstein"><img alt="Kenneth Duberstein" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Kenneth_Duberstein_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Kenneth_Duberstein_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Kenneth_Duberstein_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Kenneth_Duberstein_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Kenneth_Duberstein_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Kenneth_Duberstein_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="488" data-file-height="637" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Duberstein, Kenneth</span><b><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Duberstein" title="Kenneth Duberstein">Kenneth Duberstein</a></b><br /><small>(1944–2022)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">July 1, 1988</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 1989</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002203000000000000♠"></span>203 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#E81B23; color:black;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">14</span></td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GovJohnSununu1_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="John Sununu"><img alt="John Sununu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/GovJohnSununu1_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-GovJohnSununu1_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/GovJohnSununu1_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-GovJohnSununu1_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/GovJohnSununu1_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="235" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Sununu, John</span><b><a href="/wiki/John_H._Sununu" title="John H. Sununu">John Sununu</a></b><br /><small>(born 1939)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 1989</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">December 16, 1991</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7003106000000000000♠"></span>2 years, 330 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#E81B23; color:black;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">15</span></td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Samuel_K._Skinner_(2009-09-10)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Samuel Skinner"><img alt="Samuel Skinner" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Samuel_K._Skinner_%282009-09-10%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Samuel_K._Skinner_%282009-09-10%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Samuel_K._Skinner_%282009-09-10%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Samuel_K._Skinner_%282009-09-10%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Samuel_K._Skinner_%282009-09-10%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Samuel_K._Skinner_%282009-09-10%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="343" data-file-height="447" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Skinner, Samuel</span><b><a href="/wiki/Samuel_K._Skinner" title="Samuel K. Skinner">Samuel Skinner</a></b><br /><small>(born 1938)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">December 16, 1991</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">August 23, 1992</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002251000000000000♠"></span>251 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#E81B23; color:black;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">16</span></td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:James_A._Baker_III,_U.S._Secretary_of_State_(2380044355)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="James Baker"><img alt="James Baker" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/James_A._Baker_III%2C_U.S._Secretary_of_State_%282380044355%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-James_A._Baker_III%2C_U.S._Secretary_of_State_%282380044355%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/James_A._Baker_III%2C_U.S._Secretary_of_State_%282380044355%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-James_A._Baker_III%2C_U.S._Secretary_of_State_%282380044355%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/James_A._Baker_III%2C_U.S._Secretary_of_State_%282380044355%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-James_A._Baker_III%2C_U.S._Secretary_of_State_%282380044355%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1545" data-file-height="2008" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Baker, James</span><b><a href="/wiki/James_Baker" title="James Baker">James Baker</a></b><br /><small>(born 1930)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">August 23, 1992</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 1993</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002150000000000000♠"></span>150 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#3333FF; color:white;">17</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Menem_con_Thomas_McLarty_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mack McLarty"><img alt="Mack McLarty" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Menem_con_Thomas_McLarty_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Menem_con_Thomas_McLarty_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Menem_con_Thomas_McLarty_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="138" data-file-height="180" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">McLarty, Mack</span><b><a href="/wiki/Mack_McLarty" title="Mack McLarty">Mack McLarty</a></b><br /><small>(born 1946)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 1993</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">July 17, 1994</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002543000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 178 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#3333FF; color:white;">18</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Leon_Panetta,_informal_photo_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Leon Panetta"><img alt="Leon Panetta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Leon_Panetta%2C_informal_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Leon_Panetta%2C_informal_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Leon_Panetta%2C_informal_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Leon_Panetta%2C_informal_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Leon_Panetta%2C_informal_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Leon_Panetta%2C_informal_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="352" data-file-height="459" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Panetta, Leon</span><b><a href="/wiki/Leon_Panetta" title="Leon Panetta">Leon Panetta</a></b><br /><small>(born 1938)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">July 17, 1994</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 1997</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002918000000000000♠"></span>2 years, 187 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#3333FF; color:white;">19</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Obama_meets_with_Fiscal_Commission_co-chairs_Erskine_Bowles_and_Alan_Simpson_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Erskine Bowles"><img alt="Erskine Bowles" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/President_Obama_meets_with_Fiscal_Commission_co-chairs_Erskine_Bowles_and_Alan_Simpson_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-President_Obama_meets_with_Fiscal_Commission_co-chairs_Erskine_Bowles_and_Alan_Simpson_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/President_Obama_meets_with_Fiscal_Commission_co-chairs_Erskine_Bowles_and_Alan_Simpson_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-President_Obama_meets_with_Fiscal_Commission_co-chairs_Erskine_Bowles_and_Alan_Simpson_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/President_Obama_meets_with_Fiscal_Commission_co-chairs_Erskine_Bowles_and_Alan_Simpson_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-President_Obama_meets_with_Fiscal_Commission_co-chairs_Erskine_Bowles_and_Alan_Simpson_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="598" data-file-height="781" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Bowles, Erskine</span><b><a href="/wiki/Erskine_Bowles" title="Erskine Bowles">Erskine Bowles</a></b><br /><small>(born 1945)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 1997</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">October 20, 1998</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002638000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 273 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#3333FF; color:white;">20</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Podesta_official_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="John Podesta"><img alt="John Podesta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/John_Podesta_official_portrait.jpg/100px-John_Podesta_official_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/John_Podesta_official_portrait.jpg/150px-John_Podesta_official_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/John_Podesta_official_portrait.jpg/200px-John_Podesta_official_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="367" data-file-height="479" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Podesta, John</span><b><a href="/wiki/John_Podesta" title="John Podesta">John Podesta</a></b><br /><small>(born 1949)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">October 20, 1998</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 2001</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002823000000000000♠"></span>2 years, 92 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#E81B23; color:black;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">21</span></td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Andrew_Card_Visits_HUD_-_DPLA_-_7bc5bd60c24e35fa59744b7f7736cb26_(cropped)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Andrew Card"><img alt="Andrew Card" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Andrew_Card_Visits_HUD_-_DPLA_-_7bc5bd60c24e35fa59744b7f7736cb26_%28cropped%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Andrew_Card_Visits_HUD_-_DPLA_-_7bc5bd60c24e35fa59744b7f7736cb26_%28cropped%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Andrew_Card_Visits_HUD_-_DPLA_-_7bc5bd60c24e35fa59744b7f7736cb26_%28cropped%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Andrew_Card_Visits_HUD_-_DPLA_-_7bc5bd60c24e35fa59744b7f7736cb26_%28cropped%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Andrew_Card_Visits_HUD_-_DPLA_-_7bc5bd60c24e35fa59744b7f7736cb26_%28cropped%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Andrew_Card_Visits_HUD_-_DPLA_-_7bc5bd60c24e35fa59744b7f7736cb26_%28cropped%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="832" data-file-height="1087" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Card, Andrew</span><b><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Card" title="Andrew Card">Andrew Card</a></b><br /><small>(born 1947)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 2001</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">April 14, 2006</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7003191000000000000♠"></span>5 years, 84 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#E81B23; color:black;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">22</span></td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Assignment-_48-DPA-N_OPM_Pres_Awards)_President%27s_Quality_Awards_2005_ceremony,_(honoring_progress_made_by_federal_agencies_in_improving_management_systems_and_work_processes,_at_Wa_-_DPLA_-_1a5f294a5afe6060b5f7ec481aa3d2e5_(cropped).JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Joshua Bolten"><img alt="Joshua Bolten" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Assignment-_48-DPA-N_OPM_Pres_Awards%29_President%27s_Quality_Awards_2005_ceremony%2C_%28honoring_progress_made_by_federal_agencies_in_improving_management_systems_and_work_processes%2C_at_Wa_-_DPLA_-_1a5f294a5afe6060b5f7ec481aa3d2e5_%28cropped%29.JPG/100px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Assignment-_48-DPA-N_OPM_Pres_Awards%29_President%27s_Quality_Awards_2005_ceremony%2C_%28honoring_progress_made_by_federal_agencies_in_improving_management_systems_and_work_processes%2C_at_Wa_-_DPLA_-_1a5f294a5afe6060b5f7ec481aa3d2e5_%28cropped%29.JPG/150px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Assignment-_48-DPA-N_OPM_Pres_Awards%29_President%27s_Quality_Awards_2005_ceremony%2C_%28honoring_progress_made_by_federal_agencies_in_improving_management_systems_and_work_processes%2C_at_Wa_-_DPLA_-_1a5f294a5afe6060b5f7ec481aa3d2e5_%28cropped%29.JPG/200px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="945" data-file-height="1233" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Bolten, Joshua</span><b><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Bolten" title="Joshua Bolten">Joshua Bolten</a></b><br /><small>(born 1954)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">April 14, 2006</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 2009</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7003101200000000000♠"></span>2 years, 281 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#3333FF; color:white;">23</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rahm_Emanuel,_official_photo_portrait_color_(cropped)_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rahm Emanuel"><img alt="Rahm Emanuel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Rahm_Emanuel%2C_official_photo_portrait_color_%28cropped%29_2.jpg/100px-Rahm_Emanuel%2C_official_photo_portrait_color_%28cropped%29_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Rahm_Emanuel%2C_official_photo_portrait_color_%28cropped%29_2.jpg/150px-Rahm_Emanuel%2C_official_photo_portrait_color_%28cropped%29_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Rahm_Emanuel%2C_official_photo_portrait_color_%28cropped%29_2.jpg/200px-Rahm_Emanuel%2C_official_photo_portrait_color_%28cropped%29_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2610" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Emanuel, Rahm</span><b><a href="/wiki/Rahm_Emanuel" title="Rahm Emanuel">Rahm Emanuel</a></b><br /><small>(born 1959)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 2009</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">October 1, 2010</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002619000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 254 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#3333FF; color:white;">–</td><td style="; background: #E6E6AA"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pete_Rouse_in_the_Oval_Office_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pete Rouse"><img alt="Pete Rouse" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Pete_Rouse_in_the_Oval_Office_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Pete_Rouse_in_the_Oval_Office_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Pete_Rouse_in_the_Oval_Office_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Pete_Rouse_in_the_Oval_Office_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Pete_Rouse_in_the_Oval_Office_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Pete_Rouse_in_the_Oval_Office_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="470" data-file-height="613" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background: #E6E6AA"><span style="display:none">Rouse, Pete</span><b><a href="/wiki/Pete_Rouse" title="Pete Rouse">Pete Rouse</a></b><br /><small>(born 1946)</small><br /><small><i>Acting</i></small><br /><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:center; background: #E6E6AA">October 1, 2010</td><td style="text-align:center; background: #E6E6AA">January 13, 2011</td><td style="text-align:center; background: #E6E6AA"><span data-sort-value="7002104000000000000♠"></span>104 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background: #E6E6AA"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background: #E6E6AA"><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#3333FF; color:white;">24</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_M._Daley_official_portrait_(cropped)_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bill Daley"><img alt="Bill Daley" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/William_M._Daley_official_portrait_%28cropped%29_2.jpg/100px-William_M._Daley_official_portrait_%28cropped%29_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/William_M._Daley_official_portrait_%28cropped%29_2.jpg/150px-William_M._Daley_official_portrait_%28cropped%29_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/William_M._Daley_official_portrait_%28cropped%29_2.jpg/200px-William_M._Daley_official_portrait_%28cropped%29_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1333" data-file-height="1740" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Daley, Bill</span><b><a href="/wiki/William_M._Daley" title="William M. Daley">Bill Daley</a></b><br /><small>(born 1948)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 13, 2011</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 27, 2012</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002379000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 14 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#3333FF; color:white;">25</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jacob_Lew_official_portrait_(cropped)_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jack Lew"><img alt="Jack Lew" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Jacob_Lew_official_portrait_%28cropped%29_2.jpg/100px-Jacob_Lew_official_portrait_%28cropped%29_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Jacob_Lew_official_portrait_%28cropped%29_2.jpg/150px-Jacob_Lew_official_portrait_%28cropped%29_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Jacob_Lew_official_portrait_%28cropped%29_2.jpg/200px-Jacob_Lew_official_portrait_%28cropped%29_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1494" data-file-height="1950" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Lew, Jack</span><b><a href="/wiki/Jack_Lew" title="Jack Lew">Jack Lew</a></b><br /><small>(born 1955)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 27, 2012</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 2013</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002359000000000000♠"></span>359 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#3333FF; color:white;">26</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Secretary_McDonough,_official_photo_(cropped)_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Denis McDonough"><img alt="Denis McDonough" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Secretary_McDonough%2C_official_photo_%28cropped%29_2.jpg/100px-Secretary_McDonough%2C_official_photo_%28cropped%29_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Secretary_McDonough%2C_official_photo_%28cropped%29_2.jpg/150px-Secretary_McDonough%2C_official_photo_%28cropped%29_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Secretary_McDonough%2C_official_photo_%28cropped%29_2.jpg/200px-Secretary_McDonough%2C_official_photo_%28cropped%29_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2101" data-file-height="2740" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">McDonough, Denis</span><b><a href="/wiki/Denis_McDonough" title="Denis McDonough">Denis McDonough</a></b><br /><small>(born 1969)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 2013</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 2017</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7003146100000000000♠"></span>4 years, 0 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#E81B23; color:black;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">27</span></td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Reince_Priebus_(32319663313)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Reince Priebus"><img alt="Reince Priebus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Reince_Priebus_%2832319663313%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Reince_Priebus_%2832319663313%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Reince_Priebus_%2832319663313%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Reince_Priebus_%2832319663313%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Reince_Priebus_%2832319663313%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Reince_Priebus_%2832319663313%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2947" data-file-height="3840" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Priebus, Reince</span><b><a href="/wiki/Reince_Priebus" title="Reince Priebus">Reince Priebus</a></b><br /><small>(born 1972)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 2017</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">July 31, 2017</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002192000000000000♠"></span>192 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#DDDDBB; color:black;">28</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Kelly_official_Transition_portrait_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="John F. Kelly"><img alt="John F. Kelly" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/John_Kelly_official_Transition_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-John_Kelly_official_Transition_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/John_Kelly_official_Transition_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-John_Kelly_official_Transition_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/John_Kelly_official_Transition_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-John_Kelly_official_Transition_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1915" data-file-height="2500" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Kelly, John</span><b><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kelly" title="John F. Kelly">John F. Kelly</a></b><br /><small>(born 1950)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">July 31, 2017</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 2, 2019</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002519000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 154 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (United States)">Independent</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#E81B23; color:black;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">–</span></td><td style="; background: #E6E6AA"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mick_Mulvaney_official_photo_(cropped)_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mick Mulvaney"><img alt="Mick Mulvaney" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Mick_Mulvaney_official_photo_%28cropped%29_3.jpg/100px-Mick_Mulvaney_official_photo_%28cropped%29_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Mick_Mulvaney_official_photo_%28cropped%29_3.jpg/150px-Mick_Mulvaney_official_photo_%28cropped%29_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Mick_Mulvaney_official_photo_%28cropped%29_3.jpg/200px-Mick_Mulvaney_official_photo_%28cropped%29_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1785" data-file-height="2327" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background: #E6E6AA"><span style="display:none">Mulvaney, Mick</span><b><a href="/wiki/Mick_Mulvaney" title="Mick Mulvaney">Mick Mulvaney</a></b><br /><small>(born 1967)</small><br /><small><i>Acting</i></small></td><td style="text-align:center; background: #E6E6AA">January 2, 2019</td><td style="text-align:center; background: #E6E6AA">March 31, 2020</td><td style="text-align:center; background: #E6E6AA"><span data-sort-value="7002454000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 89 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background: #E6E6AA"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background: #E6E6AA"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#E81B23; color:black;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">29</span></td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mark_Meadows,_Official_Portrait,_113th_Congress_(cropped)_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mark Meadows"><img alt="Mark Meadows" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Mark_Meadows%2C_Official_Portrait%2C_113th_Congress_%28cropped%29_3.jpg/100px-Mark_Meadows%2C_Official_Portrait%2C_113th_Congress_%28cropped%29_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Mark_Meadows%2C_Official_Portrait%2C_113th_Congress_%28cropped%29_3.jpg/150px-Mark_Meadows%2C_Official_Portrait%2C_113th_Congress_%28cropped%29_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Mark_Meadows%2C_Official_Portrait%2C_113th_Congress_%28cropped%29_3.jpg/200px-Mark_Meadows%2C_Official_Portrait%2C_113th_Congress_%28cropped%29_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2395" data-file-height="3126" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Meadows, Mark</span><b><a href="/wiki/Mark_Meadows" title="Mark Meadows">Mark Meadows</a></b><br /><small>(born 1959)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">March 31, 2020</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 2021</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002295000000000000♠"></span>295 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#3333FF; color:white;">30</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ron_Klain,_White_House_Chief_of_Staff_(slightly_cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ron Klain"><img alt="Ron Klain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Ron_Klain%2C_White_House_Chief_of_Staff_%28slightly_cropped%29.jpg/100px-Ron_Klain%2C_White_House_Chief_of_Staff_%28slightly_cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Ron_Klain%2C_White_House_Chief_of_Staff_%28slightly_cropped%29.jpg/150px-Ron_Klain%2C_White_House_Chief_of_Staff_%28slightly_cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Ron_Klain%2C_White_House_Chief_of_Staff_%28slightly_cropped%29.jpg/200px-Ron_Klain%2C_White_House_Chief_of_Staff_%28slightly_cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1152" data-file-height="1500" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Klain, Ron</span><b><a href="/wiki/Ron_Klain" title="Ron Klain">Ron Klain</a></b><br /><small>(born 1961)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 2021</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">February 7, 2023</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002748000000000000♠"></span>2 years, 18 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#3333FF; color:white;">31</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jeff_Zients,_WHCOS_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jeff Zients[10]"><img alt="Jeff Zients[10]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Jeff_Zients%2C_WHCOS_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Jeff_Zients%2C_WHCOS_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Jeff_Zients%2C_WHCOS_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Jeff_Zients%2C_WHCOS_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Jeff_Zients%2C_WHCOS_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Jeff_Zients%2C_WHCOS_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="308" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Zients, Jeff</span><b><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Zients" title="Jeff Zients">Jeff Zients</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></b><br /><small>(born 1966)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">February 8, 2023</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Incumbent</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002654000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 289 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; background:#E81B23; color:black;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">32</span></td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Susie_Wiles_2020.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Susie Wiles Incoming"><img alt="Susie Wiles Incoming" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Susie_Wiles_2020.png/100px-Susie_Wiles_2020.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Susie_Wiles_2020.png/150px-Susie_Wiles_2020.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Susie_Wiles_2020.png/200px-Susie_Wiles_2020.png 2x" data-file-width="1008" data-file-height="1354" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Wiles,Susie</span><b><a href="/wiki/Susie_Wiles" title="Susie Wiles">Susie Wiles</a><br /><small>Incoming</small></b><br /><small>(born 1957)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">January 20, 2025<br /><small>Incoming</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Incoming</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="2998420000000000000♠"></span>−58 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>The background color of the No. column indicates each chief's political party, with blue for Democrats, red for Republicans, and tan for independents. Acting chiefs have their rows highlighted in a dull gold color. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_House_Chief_of_Staff&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_staff" title="Chief of staff">Chief of staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Deputy_Chief_of_Staff" title="White House Deputy Chief of Staff">White House Deputy Chief of Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Staff_to_the_Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Chief of Staff to the Vice President of the United States">Chief of Staff to the Vice President of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Officer_of_the_United_States" title="Officer of the United States">Officer of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staff_and_line" title="Staff and line">Staff and line</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_House_Chief_of_Staff&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-note_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-note_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-note_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-note_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-note_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-note_10-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>De facto</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Pete_Rouse" title="Pete Rouse">Pete Rouse</a> served as <i>ad interim</i> White House Chief of Staff following the resignation of <a href="/wiki/Rahm_Emanuel" title="Rahm Emanuel">Rahm Emanuel</a> and until the appointment of <a href="/wiki/William_M._Daley" title="William M. Daley">Bill Daley</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_House_Chief_of_Staff&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Secretary_to_the_President-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Secretary_to_the_President_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090120082907/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,748188-2,00.html">"New Quarters"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>. December 17, 1934. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,748188-2,00.html">the original</a> on January 20, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 8,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=New+Quarters&rft.date=1934-12-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C748188-2%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhite+House+Chief+of+Staff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081222152117/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,716345,00.html">"An Appointment"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>. August 20, 1923. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,716345,00.html">the original</a> on December 22, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 9,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=An+Appointment&rft.date=1923-08-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C716345%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhite+House+Chief+of+Staff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FDR-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FDR_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHassett1958" class="citation book cs1">Hassett, William D. (1958). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/offtherecordwith002090mbp"><i>Off The Record With FDR 1942–1945</i></a>. Chicago, Illinois: <a href="/wiki/Rutgers_University_Press" title="Rutgers University Press">Rutgers University Press</a>. p. 36<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 9,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Off+The+Record+With+FDR+1942%E2%80%931945&rft.place=Chicago%2C+Illinois&rft.pages=36&rft.pub=Rutgers+University+Press&rft.date=1958&rft.aulast=Hassett&rft.aufirst=William+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fofftherecordwith002090mbp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhite+House+Chief+of+Staff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/21/us/21jordan.html">"Hamilton Jordan, Carter's Right Hand, Dies at 63"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. May 21, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 7,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Hamilton+Jordan%2C+Carter%27s+Right+Hand%2C+Dies+at+63&rft.date=2008-05-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F05%2F21%2Fus%2F21jordan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhite+House+Chief+of+Staff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_Nelson2013" class="citation book cs1">Michael Nelson (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cS-MAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA351"><i>The Presidency and the Political System</i></a>. 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(2017). <i>The Gatekeepers: How the White House Chiefs of Staff Define Every Presidency.</i> New York: <a href="/wiki/Crown_Publishing_Group" title="Crown Publishing Group">Crown Publishing Group</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/1808/13/cnr.20.html">"Transcript"</a>. CNN. 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href="/wiki/Office_of_National_Drug_Control_Policy" title="Office of National Drug Control Policy">Office of National Drug Control Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Science_and_Technology_Policy" title="Office of Science and Technology Policy">Office of Science and Technology Policy</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chief_Technology_Officer_of_the_United_States" title="Chief Technology Officer of the United States">Office of the Chief Technology Officer</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Science_and_Technology_Council" title="National Science and Technology Council">National Science and Technology Council</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_United_States_Trade_Representative" title="Office of the United States Trade Representative">Office of the Trade Representative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Office of the Vice President of the United States">Office of the Vice President</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Staff_to_the_Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Chief of Staff to the Vice President of the United States">Office of the Chief of Staff</a>)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Seal_of_the_Executive_Office_of_the_President_of_the_United_States_2014.svg/70px-Seal_of_the_Executive_Office_of_the_President_of_the_United_States_2014.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Seal_of_the_Executive_Office_of_the_President_of_the_United_States_2014.svg/105px-Seal_of_the_Executive_Office_of_the_President_of_the_United_States_2014.svg.png 1.5x, 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House Communications Director">Office of Communications</a> (Office of Media Affairs, Office of Research, <a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_the_Press_Secretary" title="White House Office of the Press Secretary">Office of the Press Secretary</a>, <a href="/wiki/White_House_Director_of_Speechwriting" title="White House Director of Speechwriting">Office of Speechwriting</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Counsel" title="White House Counsel">Counsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counselor_to_the_President" title="Counselor to the President">Counselor to the President</a></li> <li>Office of Digital Strategy</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Domestic_Policy_Council" title="United States Domestic Policy Council">Domestic Policy Council</a> (<a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_Faith-Based_and_Neighborhood_Partnerships" title="White House Office of Faith-Based and Neighborhood Partnerships">Office of Faith-Based and Neighborhood Partnerships</a>, <a href="/wiki/Office_of_National_AIDS_Policy" title="Office of National AIDS Policy">Office of National AIDS Policy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Social_Innovation_and_Civic_Participation" title="Office of Social Innovation and Civic Participation">Office of Social Innovation and Civic Participation</a>, <a href="/wiki/White_House_Rural_Council" title="White House Rural Council">Rural Council</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Fellows" title="White House Fellows">Fellows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_First_Lady_of_the_United_States" title="Office of the First Lady of the United States">First Lady</a> (<a href="/wiki/White_House_Social_Secretary" title="White House Social Secretary">Office of the Social Secretary</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Advisor_(United_States)" title="National Security Advisor (United States)">Office of the National Security Advisor</a> (<a href="/wiki/Homeland_Security_Advisor" title="Homeland Security Advisor">Homeland Security Advisor</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_Gun_Violence_Prevention" title="White House Office of Gun Violence Prevention">Gun Violence Prevention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_Intergovernmental_Affairs" title="White House Office of Intergovernmental Affairs">Intergovernmental Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Director_of_Legislative_Affairs" title="White House Director of Legislative Affairs">Legislative Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_Management_and_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="White House Office of Management and Administration">Management and Administration</a> (White House Operations, White House Personnel, <a href="/wiki/White_House_Visitors_Office" title="White House Visitors Office">Visitors Office</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Economic_Council_(United_States)" title="National Economic Council (United States)">National Economic Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_National_Trade_Council" title="White House National Trade Council">National Trade Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oval_Office_Operations" title="Oval Office Operations">Oval Office Operations</a> (<a href="/wiki/Secretary_to_the_President_of_the_United_States" title="Secretary to the President of the United States">Personal Secretary</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Political_Director" title="White House Political Director">Office of Political Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Innovation_Fellows" title="Presidential Innovation Fellows">Presidential Innovation Fellows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_Presidential_Personnel" class="mw-redirect" title="White House Office of Presidential Personnel">Presidential Personnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Public_Engagement_(White_House)" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of Public Engagement (White House)">Public Engagement</a> (<a href="/wiki/White_House_Council_on_Women_and_Girls" title="White House Council on Women and Girls">Council on Women and Girls</a>, <a href="/wiki/White_House_Jewish_Liaison" title="White House Jewish Liaison">Jewish Liaison</a>, <a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_Urban_Affairs" title="White House Office of Urban Affairs">Urban Affairs</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_Scheduling_and_Advance" class="mw-redirect" title="White House Office of Scheduling and Advance">Scheduling and Advance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_the_Staff_Secretary" title="White House Office of the Staff Secretary">Staff Secretary</a> (<a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_the_Executive_Clerk" title="White House Office of the Executive Clerk">Executive Clerk</a>, <a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_Presidential_Correspondence" title="White House Office of Presidential Correspondence">Presidential Correspondence</a>, Office of Records Management)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Military_Office" title="White House Military Office">Military Office</a> (<a href="/wiki/White_House_Communications_Agency" title="White House Communications Agency">Communications Agency</a>, <a href="/wiki/White_House_Medical_Unit" title="White House Medical Unit">Medical Unit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Food_Service" title="Presidential Food Service">Presidential Food Service</a>, <a href="/wiki/White_House_Transportation_Agency" title="White House Transportation Agency">Transportation Agency</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="White_House_Office" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:White_House_Office" title="Template:White House Office"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:White_House_Office" title="Template talk:White House Office"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:White_House_Office" title="Special:EditPage/Template:White House Office"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="White_House_Office" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/White_House_Office" title="White House Office">White House Office</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_Cabinet_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="White House Office of Cabinet Affairs">Cabinet Affairs</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chief of Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Communications_Director" title="White House Communications Director">Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Counsel" title="White House Counsel">Counsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counselor_to_the_President" title="Counselor to the President">Counselor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Fellows" title="White House Fellows">Fellows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_First_Lady_of_the_United_States" title="Office of the First Lady of the United States">First Lady</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Executive_Chef" title="White House Executive Chef">Executive Chef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Chief_Floral_Designer" title="White House Chief Floral Designer">Floral Designer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Social_Secretary" title="White House Social Secretary">Social Secretary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_Gun_Violence_Prevention" title="White House Office of Gun Violence Prevention">Gun Violence Prevention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_Intergovernmental_Affairs" title="White House Office of Intergovernmental Affairs">Intergovernmental Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_Legislative_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="White House Office of Legislative Affairs">Legislative Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_Management_and_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="White House Office of Management and Administration">Management and Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oval_Office_Operations" title="Oval Office Operations">Oval Office Operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_Political_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="White House Office of Political Affairs">Political Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_Presidential_Personnel" class="mw-redirect" title="White House Office of Presidential Personnel">Presidential Personnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Press_Secretary" title="White House Press Secretary">Press Secretary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Public_Liaison" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of Public Liaison">Public Liaison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_Scheduling_and_Advance" class="mw-redirect" title="White House Office of Scheduling and Advance">Scheduling and Advance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senior_Advisor_to_the_President_of_the_United_States" title="Senior Advisor to the President of the United States">Senior Advisor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_the_Staff_Secretary" title="White House Office of the Staff Secretary">Staff Secretary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Trade_and_Manufacturing_Policy" title="Office of Trade and Manufacturing Policy">Trade and Manufacturing Policy</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg/75px-US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg/113px-US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg/150px-US-WhiteHouse-Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="83" data-file-height="58" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> 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