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Chemistry Journals, Publications, & Other Resources | Gale
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" 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" 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A key component of the study of chemistry is the study of atoms, which are the building blocks of all chemical substances. The periodic table is a visual display of the chemical elements, which are arranged by atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties.</p> <p>There are five main branches of chemistry: analytical chemistry (which identifies and measures the physical and chemical properties of substances), physical chemistry (which studies how matter and energy interact, with thermodynamics and quantum mechanics being two important branches), organic chemistry (which specifically studies compounds that contain the carbon element), inorganic chemistry (the study of materials such as metals and gases that don’t contain the carbon element), and biochemistry (the study of chemical processes that occur within living organisms). </p> <p>There are many fields of study within these five categories, including food chemistry, environmental chemistry, agricultural chemistry, chemical engineering, geochemistry, and forensic chemistry.</p> </div> <!--</div>--> </div> </section> <section class="main-section gale-section color-cell-white main-section--no-padding-top"> <div class="container"> <!--<div class="row">--> <div class="col-sm-12 text-center"><a href="/contact-your-rep" class="btn green-btn"> <i class="icon icon-comments "> </i> Contact my rep </a> <a href="https://link.gale.com/apps/" class="btn green-btn"> <i class="icon icon-binoculars "> </i> Find resources at my library</span></a> </div> <!--</div>--> </div> </section> <section class="main-section gale-section main-section--no-padding-bottom"> <div class="container"> <!--<div class="row">--> <div class="simple-content-block" > <h1 style="color:#003865;"><strong>Chemistry Resources</strong></h1> <p>Gale provides scholarly chemistry resources to advance the study of chemistry, including <a href="https://www.gale.com/chemistry-resources#databases">databases</a>, <a href="https://www.gale.com/chemistry-resources#primary-source-archives">primary source archives</a>, and <a href="https://www.gale.com/chemistry-resources#ebooks">eBooks</a>.</p> </div> <!--</div>--> </div> </section> <section class="main-section gale-section main-section--no-padding-top main-section--no-padding-bottom"> <div class="container"> <!--<div class="row">--> <div class="simple-content-block" id="databases"> <h2>Databases</h2> <p><a href="https://www.gale.com/databases">Gale databases</a> offer researchers access to credible, up-to-date resources from chemistry publications, including full-text articles from chemistry journals, peer-reviewed journals, and other publications. </p> </div> <!--</div>--> </div> </section> <section class="main-section gale-section main-section--no-padding-top main-section--no-padding-bottom"> <div class="container"> <!--<div class="row">--> <div class="col-xs-offset-1 col-sm-offset-0" > <div class="col-xs-offset-1 col-xs-10 col-sm-offset-0 col-sm-6 col-md-7"> <div class="prime-box"> <a href="https://www.gale.com/c/interactive-chemistry" data-wa-event-category="PromoLink" data-wa-event-name="Navigate" data-wa-event-label="Gale Interactive: Chemistry" > <picture> <!--[if IE 9]> <video style="display: none;"><![endif]--> <source media="(min-width: 900px)" srcset="/binaries/content/gallery/gale-us-en/banners/databases/gale-interactive/databases_gale_interactive_chemistry_academic_banner.png/databases_gale_interactive_chemistry_academic_banner.png/galewww%3Atile"/> <source media="(max-width: 480px)" srcset="/binaries/content/gallery/gale-us-en/banners/databases/gale-interactive/databases_gale_interactive_chemistry_academic_banner.png/databases_gale_interactive_chemistry_academic_banner.png/galewww%3Asmall"/> <source srcset="/binaries/content/gallery/gale-us-en/banners/databases/gale-interactive/databases_gale_interactive_chemistry_academic_banner.png/databases_gale_interactive_chemistry_academic_banner.png/galewww%3Atile"/> <!--[if IE 9]></video><![endif]--> <img alt="" class="img-responsive" width="100%" height="100%"> </picture> <h3 >Gale Interactive: Chemistry</h3> <p>Explores core concepts in-depth and with interactive models aligned to the scope and sequence of introductory college chemistry classes. This resource includes journal articles as well as reference material suitable for teaching in the classroom.</p> <button class="btn btn-link">Learn more »</button> </a> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-offset-1 col-xs-10 col-sm-offset-0 col-sm-6 col-md-5"> <div class="has-edit-button"></div> <div> <a href="https://www.gale.com/c/interactive-science" data-wa-event-category="PromoLink" data-wa-event-name="Navigate" data-wa-event-label="Gale Interactive: Science" class="second-box clearfix" > <h4 style="color:#ffffff;"> Gale Interactive: Science</h4> <p>Brings science to life with interactive 3D models that empower students to better visualize and understand concepts in biology, chemistry, earth and space science, and more. Examples of interactive models include activities explaining ionization energy and the periodic table as well as several activities related to chemical reactions.</p> </a> </div> <div class="has-edit-button"></div> <div> <a href="https://www.gale.com/c/onefile-science" data-wa-event-category="PromoLink" data-wa-event-name="Navigate" data-wa-event-label="Gale OneFile: Science" class="second-box clearfix" > <h4 style="color:#ffffff;"> Gale OneFile: Science</h4> <p>With <em>Gale OneFile: Science</em>, researchers can remain current with the latest scientific developments in particle physics, advanced mathematics, nanotechnology, geology, and hundreds of other areas. Those interested in learning more on the topic of chemistry in particular can access full-text articles in the <em>Journal of Analytical Chemistry</em>, the <em>Journal of Chemistry</em>, and the <em>Journal of Organic Chemistry</em>, among other publications.</p> </a> </div> </div> </div> <!--</div>--> </div> </section> <section class="main-section gale-section main-section--no-padding-bottom"> <div class="container"> <!--<div class="row">--> <div class="simple-content-block" id="primary-source-archives"> <h2>Primary Source Archives</h2> <p><em><a href="https://www.gale.com/primary-sources">Gale Primary Sources</a></em> offers chemistry archives and collections that provide researchers with firsthand resources.</p> </div> <!--</div>--> </div> </section> <section class="main-section gale-section main-section--no-padding-top main-section--no-padding-bottom"> <div class="container"> <!--<div class="row">--> <div class="col-xs-offset-1 col-sm-offset-0" > <div class="col-xs-offset-1 col-xs-10 col-sm-offset-0 col-sm-6 col-md-7"> <div class="prime-box"> <a href="https://www.gale.com/c/early-arabic-printed-books-sciences-history-and-geography" data-wa-event-category="PromoLink" data-wa-event-name="Navigate" data-wa-event-label="Early Arabic Printed Books from the British Library: Sciences, History, and Geography" > <picture> <!--[if IE 9]> <video style="display: none;"><![endif]--> <source media="(min-width: 900px)" srcset="/binaries/content/gallery/gale-us-en/banners/primary-sources/early-arabic-printed-books-from-the-british-library/gps_eapb_sciences_academic_banner.jpg/gps_eapb_sciences_academic_banner.jpg/galewww%3Atile"/> <source media="(max-width: 480px)" srcset="/binaries/content/gallery/gale-us-en/banners/primary-sources/early-arabic-printed-books-from-the-british-library/gps_eapb_sciences_academic_banner.jpg/gps_eapb_sciences_academic_banner.jpg/galewww%3Asmall"/> <source srcset="/binaries/content/gallery/gale-us-en/banners/primary-sources/early-arabic-printed-books-from-the-british-library/gps_eapb_sciences_academic_banner.jpg/gps_eapb_sciences_academic_banner.jpg/galewww%3Atile"/> <!--[if IE 9]></video><![endif]--> <img alt="" class="img-responsive" width="100%" height="100%"> </picture> <h3 >Early Arabic Printed Books from the British Library: Sciences, History, and Geography</h3> <p><em>Early Arabic Printed Books from the British Library: Sciences, History, and Geography</em> is a full-text searchable archive of early Arabic printed books on medicine and physiology, classical sciences, mathematics, astrology, chemistry, natural history, philosophy, logic and ethics, politics, history and genealogy, biography, travel, geography, and much more. This collection presents the range of Arab learning that influenced the scholarship and scientific development in Europe through the Middle Ages and Early Modern period.</p> <button class="btn btn-link">Learn more »</button> </a> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-offset-1 col-xs-10 col-sm-offset-0 col-sm-6 col-md-5"> <div class="has-edit-button"></div> <div> <a href="https://www.gale.com/c/ncco-science-technology-and-medicine-part-i" data-wa-event-category="PromoLink" data-wa-event-name="Navigate" data-wa-event-label="Nineteenth Century Collections Online: Science, Technology, and Medicine, Part I" class="second-box clearfix" > <h4 style="color:#ffffff;"> Nineteenth Century Collections Online: Science, Technology, and Medicine, Part I</h4> <p>The “long” 19<sup>th</sup> century is an era characterized by industrial, technical, and social revolution. With a changing society came new approaches to the study of natural history, physics, mathematics, medicine, and public health. Boasting a wealth of curated primary sources, this collection helps researchers place essential subjects in the larger picture of historical study.</p> </a> </div> <div class="has-edit-button"></div> <div> <a href="https://www.gale.com/c/ncco-science-technology-and-medicine-part-ii" data-wa-event-category="PromoLink" data-wa-event-name="Navigate" data-wa-event-label="Nineteenth Century Collections Online: Science, Technology, and Medicine, Part II" class="second-box clearfix" > <h4 style="color:#ffffff;"> Nineteenth Century Collections Online: Science, Technology, and Medicine, Part II</h4> <p><em>Science, Technology and Medicine, Part II</em> expands subject coverage in <em>Part I,</em> gathering together periodicals and monographs from renowned sources and providing a global view of science and technology from a critical era of scientific development. This resource is a great place to start research into primary sources.</p> </a> </div> </div> </div> <!--</div>--> </div> </section> <section class="main-section gale-section main-section--no-padding-bottom"> <div class="container"> <!--<div class="row">--> <div class="simple-content-block" id="ebooks"> <h2>Gale eBooks</h2> <p>Gale offers a variety of eBook resources covering a wide range of chemistry topics, including molecular interactions, catalysts, biology, and more. Users can add <a href="https://www.gale.com/ebooks"><em>Gale eBooks</em></a> to a customized collection and cross-search to pinpoint relevant content. <a href="https://www.gale.com/empower-access">Workflow tools</a> help users easily share, save, and download content.</p> </div> <!--</div>--> </div> </section> <section class="main-section gale-section main-section--no-padding-top main-section--no-padding-bottom"> <div class="container"> <!--<div class="row">--> <section class="accordion" accordion-init > <ul class="accordion__list"> <li class="accordion__item"> <a href="javascript:;" class="accordion__button" data-wa-event-category="Accordion" data-wa-event-name="Navigate" data-wa-event-label="Catalysis by Ceria and Related Materials, 2nd Edition"> <span class="accordion__title">Catalysis by Ceria and Related Materials, 2nd Edition</span> <span class="accordion__titleArrow"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path d="M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z"/></svg> </span> </a> <div class="accordion__panel"> <span class="accordion__simple-content"> <p><strong>Catalysis by Ceria and Related Materials, 2<sup>nd</sup> Edition</strong></p> <p>Imperial College Press | 2013 | ISBN-13: 9781848169647</p> <p>This book follows the 2002 edition of <em>Catalysis by Ceria and Related Materials,</em> which was the first book entirely devoted to ceria and its catalytic properties. In the 10 years since the first edition, a massive amount of work has been carried out in the field, and ceria has gained a prominent position in catalysis as one of the most valuable materials for several applications. This second edition covers fundamental and applied aspects of the latest advances in ceria-based materials with a special focus on structural, redox, and catalytic features. Special emphasis is given to nanoengineered and nanoshaped systems, which are a key factor in the predictive and rational design of ceria with novel properties. In addition, the book presents recent advances in emerging and traditional large-scale applications of ceria in catalysis, such as the treatment of emissions from mobile sources, including diesel and gasoline engines. The primary readership includes catalysis and material science researchers from academy and industry and postdoctorate and graduate students in chemistry, chemical engineering, and physics.</p> <p><a href="https://www.gale.com/contact-your-rep?utm_source=taxonomy_utm_medium=web&utm_campaign=got201279335&utm_content=9781316413128">Contact my sales rep >></a></p> </span> </div> </li> <li class="accordion__item"> <a href="javascript:;" class="accordion__button" data-wa-event-category="Accordion" data-wa-event-name="Navigate" data-wa-event-label="Electron Dynamics in Molecular Interactions: Principles and Applications, 1st Edition"> <span class="accordion__title">Electron Dynamics in Molecular Interactions: Principles and Applications, 1st Edition</span> <span class="accordion__titleArrow"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path d="M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z"/></svg> </span> </a> <div class="accordion__panel"> <span class="accordion__simple-content"> <p><strong>Electron Dynamics in Molecular Interactions: Principles and Applications, 1<sup>st</sup> Edition</strong></p> <p>Imperial College Press | 2013 | ISBN-13: 9781848164888</p> <p>This volume provides a comprehensive introduction to the theory of electronic motion in molecular processes—an increasingly relevant and rapidly expanding segment of molecular quantum dynamics. Emphasis is placed on describing and interpreting transitions between electronic states in molecules as they occur typically in cases of reactive scattering between molecules, photoexcitation or nonadiabatic coupling between electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom. <em>Electron Dynamics in Molecular Interactions</em> aims at a synoptic presentation of some very recent theoretical efforts to solve the electronic problem in quantum molecular dynamics, contrasting them with more traditional schemes. The presented models are derived from their roots in basic quantum theory; their interrelations are discussed; and their characteristic applications to concrete chemical systems are outlined. This volume also includes an assessment of the present status of electron dynamics and a report on novel developments to meet the current challenges in the field. Further, this monograph responds to a need for a systematic comparative treatise on nonadiabatic theories of quantum molecular dynamics, which are of considerably higher complexity than the more traditional adiabatic approaches and are steadily gaining in importance. 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