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href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D1%83_%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%9A%D1%83_%D1%87%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0/%D0%A3_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%83_%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5_%D0%B8_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B5\" title=\"Википедија:Такмичење у писању чланака/У свету Флоре и Фауне\"\u003EФлоре и фауне\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E.\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\"noticebanner\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"plainlinks\" style=\"background-color: #FBEBEA; border-radius:5px; margin-top:10px; position:relative; border: 1px solid #aaa; font-family: \u0026#39;Helvetica\u0026#39;, \u0026#39;Arial\u0026#39;, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.15 ); overflow:hidden;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"display:block; top:4px; width:100%; text-align:center;;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"color:#000085; font-size:25px; line-height:25px\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-left:50px;\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-top:2px; color:#444; font-size:1.15em; line-height:1.5;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-left:8px; padding-right:8px;\"\u003EПридружите се \u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%92%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%83_%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%B8_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B6%D1%98%D0%B0_2024.\" title=\"Википедија:Уређивачки маратон Вики воли јавну уметност и гробна обележја 2024.\"\u003EУређивачком маратону Вики воли јавну уметност и гробна обележја 2024\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E.\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv 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значајних жена\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E на Викицитату.\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\"noticebanner\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"plainlinks\" style=\"background-color: #FBEBEA; border-radius:5px; margin-top:10px; position:relative; border: 1px solid #aaa; font-family: \u0026#39;Helvetica\u0026#39;, \u0026#39;Arial\u0026#39;, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.15 ); overflow:hidden;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"display:block; top:4px; width:100%; text-align:center;;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"color:#000085; font-size:25px; line-height:25px\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-left:50px;\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-top:2px; color:#444; font-size:1.15em; line-height:1.5;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-left:8px; padding-right:8px;\"\u003EПридружите се \u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0\" title=\"Википедија:Акција проширивања клица\"\u003Eакцији проширивања клица\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E.\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сајт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Садржај" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Садржај</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">помери на страну</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">сакриј</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Почетак</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Етимологија_и_порекло" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Етимологија_и_порекло"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Етимологија и порекло</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Етимологија_и_порекло-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Историја" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Историја"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Историја</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Историја-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Савремена_употреба_у_немачким_презименима" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Савремена_употреба_у_немачким_презименима"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Савремена употреба у немачким презименима</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Савремена_употреба_у_немачким_презименима-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Види_још" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Види_још"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Види још</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Види_још-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Референце" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Референце"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Референце</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Референце-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Литература" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Литература"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Литература</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Литература-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Спољашње_везе" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Спољашње_везе"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Спољашње везе</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Спољашње_везе-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Садржај" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Прикажи/сакриј садржај" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Прикажи/сакриј садржај</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Гроф</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Чланак на другим језицима. Доступан на: 56" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-56" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">56 језика</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graaf" title="Graaf — африканс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Graaf" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африканс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf" title="Graf — немачки (Швајцарска)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Graf" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="немачки (Швајцарска)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81_(%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A8_%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A)" title="غراف (لقب ملكي) — арапски" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غراف (لقب ملكي)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арапски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qraf_(titul)" title="Qraf (titul) — азербејџански" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qraf (titul)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербејџански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84" title="Граф — бугарски" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Граф" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="бугарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84_(%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB)" title="Граф (титул) — башкирски" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Граф (титул)" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкирски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84" title="Граф — белоруски" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Граф" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белоруски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84" title="Граф — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Граф" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf_(t%C3%ADtol)" title="Graf (títol) — каталонски" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Graf (títol)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrab%C4%9B" title="Hrabě — чешки" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hrabě" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greve_(rang)" title="Greve (rang) — дански" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Greve (rang)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf" title="Graf — немачки" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Graf" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немачки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krahv" title="Krahv — естонски" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Krahv" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="естонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf" title="Graf — енглески" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Graf" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="енглески" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf_(t%C3%ADtulo_nobiliario)" title="Graf (título nobiliario) — шпански" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Graf (título nobiliario)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="шпански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafo" title="Grafo — есперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Grafo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="есперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf" title="Graf — баскијски" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Graf" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81_(%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C)" title="گراف (لقب اشرافی) — персијски" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گراف (لقب اشرافی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grave_(titre)" title="Grave (titre) — француски" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Grave (titre)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="француски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greve" title="Greve — западни фризијски" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Greve" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="западни фризијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf" title="Graf — галицијски" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Graf" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галицијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grof" title="Grof — хрватски" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Grof" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хрватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%BD" title="Կոմս — јерменски" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կոմս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="јерменски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greifi" title="Greifi — исландски" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Greifi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf_(titolo_nobiliare)" title="Graf (titolo nobiliare) — италијански" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Graf (titolo nobiliare)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италијански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%95_(%E7%A7%B0%E5%8F%B7)" title="グラーフ (称号) — јапански" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="グラーフ (称号)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="јапански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="გრაფი — грузијски" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გრაფი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84_(%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BC)" title="Граф (лауазым) — казашки" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Граф (лауазым)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%85%EC%9D%BC_%EB%B0%B1%EC%9E%91" title="독일 백작 — корејски" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="독일 백작" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корејски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafio" title="Grafio — латински" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Grafio" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C4%81fs" title="Grāfs — летонски" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Grāfs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="летонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafas_(titulas)" title="Grafas (titulas) — литвански" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Grafas (titulas)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литвански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%B3f" title="Gróf — мађарски" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gróf" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="мађарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Гроф — македонски" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Гроф" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graaf_(titel)" title="Graaf (titel) — холандски" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Graaf (titel)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="холандски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greve" title="Greve — норвешки букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Greve" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвешки букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greve" title="Greve — норвешки нинорск" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Greve" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="норвешки нинорск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf" title="Graf — окситански" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Graf" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graaf" title="Graaf — нисконемачки" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Graaf" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="нисконемачки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf_(tytu%C5%82_szlachecki)" title="Graf (tytuł szlachecki) — пољски" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Graf (tytuł szlachecki)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="пољски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf" title="Graf — португалски" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Graf" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grof" title="Grof — румунски" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Grof" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румунски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84_(%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB)" title="Граф (титул) — руски" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Граф (титул)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf" title="Graf — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Graf" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%B3f" title="Gróf — словачки" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Gróf" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словачки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grof" title="Grof — словеначки" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Grof" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словеначки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grof" title="Grof — српскохрватски" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Grof" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="српскохрватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kreivi" title="Kreivi — фински" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kreivi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greve" title="Greve — шведски" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Greve" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84_(%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB)" title="Граф (титул) — татарски" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Граф (титул)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9F_(%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%8C)" title="กราฟ (บรรดาศักดิ์) — тајски" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กราฟ (บรรดาศักดิ์)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тајски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf" title="Graf — вијетнамски" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Graf" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вијетнамски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84" title="Граф — таџички" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Граф" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таџички" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84_(%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB)" title="Граф (титул) — украјински" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Граф (титул)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украјински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E7%88%B5_(%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD)" title="伯爵 (德国) — кинески" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伯爵 (德国)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кинески" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E7%88%B5_(%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B)" title="伯爵 (德國) — кантонски" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="伯爵 (德國)" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q28989#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Уреди међујезичке везе" class="wbc-editpage">Уреди везе</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Именски простори"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Прочитајте овај чланак [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Чланак</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80:%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84" rel="discussion" title="Разговарајте о страници [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Разговор</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " 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vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Алатке</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">помери на страну</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">сакриј</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Више опција" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Радње </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Списак свих вики страница које воде овамо [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Шта води овамо</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84" rel="nofollow" title="Скорашње измене страница које су повезане с овом [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Повезане измене</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Википедија:Водич_за_отпремање" title="Поставите слике и снимке [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Отпреми датотеку</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5" title="Списак свих посебних страница [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Посебне странице</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&oldid=28826507" title="Трајна веза до ове измене на овој страници"><span>Трајна веза</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&action=info" title="Више информација о овој страници"><span>Подаци о страници</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%98&page=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&id=28826507&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Информације о томе како цитирати ову страницу"><span>Цитирај страницу</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A1%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9B%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87_%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%2593%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D1%2584"><span>Кратки URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%2593%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D1%2584"><span>Преузми QR код</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Штампање/извоз </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&action=show-download-screen"><span>Преузми у PDF-у</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="Одштампајте ову страницу [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Одштампај</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> На другим пројектима </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Counts" hreflang="en"><span>Викиостава</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q28989" title="Веза ка ставци на спремишту података [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Ставка на Википодацима</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Алатке странице"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Изглед"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Изглед</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">помери на страну</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">сакриј</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">С Википедије, слободне енциклопедије</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sr" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r28440203">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width: auto"><caption class="infobox-title"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%9B%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Краљевске и племићке титуле">Краљевске и племићке титуле</a></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Цар">Цар</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Цар">царица</a><hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%99" title="Краљ">Краљ</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%99%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Краљица">краљица</a><hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Поткраљ (страница не постоји)">Поткраљ</a> и <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Поткраљ (страница не постоји)">поткраљица</a><hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Надвојвода">Надвојвода</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Надвојвода">надвојвткиња</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Инфант">Инфант</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Инфант">инфанта</a><hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Велики војвода">Велики војвода</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Велики војвода">велика војвоткиња</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Велики принц (страница не постоји)">велики принц</a> и <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Велика принцеза (страница не постоји)">велика принцеза</a><hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Војвода">Војвода</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Војвода">војвоткиња</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86" class="mw-redirect" title="Принц">Принц</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86" class="mw-redirect" title="Принц">принцеза</a> <hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Маркиз">Маркиз</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Маркиз">Маркиза</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Маркиз">маркиз</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Маркиза">маркиза</a></small></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Маркгроф">Маркгроф</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Маркгроф">маркгрофица</a><hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Гроф</a> и <a class="mw-selflink selflink">грофица</a><br /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Виконт">Виконт</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Виконт">виконтица</a><hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Барон">Барон</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Барон">баронеca</a><br /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Баронет">Баронет</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Баронет">баронета</a><br /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Витез">Витез</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_(%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0)" title="Дама (титула)">дама</a><br /><hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25469611">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24365379">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist"><span>Ова кутија: </span><ul><li class="nv-прикажи"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Royal_and_noble_ranks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Шаблон:Royal and noble ranks (страница не постоји)"><span title="Погледајте шаблон">прикажи</span></a></li><li class="nv-разговор"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%BE_%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%83:Royal_and_noble_ranks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Разговор о шаблону:Royal and noble ranks (страница не постоји)"><span title="Разговарајте о шаблону">разговор</span></a></li><li class="nv-уреди"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%83/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:Royal_and_noble_ranks" title="Посебно:Уреди страницу/Шаблон:Royal and noble ranks"><span title="Уредите шаблон">уреди</span></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Princely_Hat.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Princely_Hat.svg/120px-Princely_Hat.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Princely_Hat.svg/180px-Princely_Hat.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Princely_Hat.svg/240px-Princely_Hat.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="489" data-file-height="383" /></a><figcaption>Оглавље које се користи у <a href="/wiki/Heraldry" class="mw-redirect" title="Heraldry">хералдици</a> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mediatised_houses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mediatised houses (страница не постоји)">медијатизованог</a></i> <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">Graf</span></i>.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Rangkronen-Fig._18.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Rangkronen-Fig._18.svg/120px-Rangkronen-Fig._18.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Rangkronen-Fig._18.svg/180px-Rangkronen-Fig._18.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Rangkronen-Fig._18.svg/240px-Rangkronen-Fig._18.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="997" data-file-height="503" /></a><figcaption>Слика <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">Grafenkrone</span></i>; хералдичка <a href="/wiki/Coronet" class="mw-redirect" title="Coronet">коронета</a> <i>титуларног</i> <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">Graf</span></i></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Гроф</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Немачки језик">нем.</a> <span lang="de"><i><i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">Graf</span></i></i></span>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Латински језик">лат.</a> <span lang="la"><i><i><span lang="la" title="латински текст">comes</span></i></i></span>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Италијански језик">итал.</a> <span lang="it"><i><i><span lang="it" title="италијански текст">conte</span></i></i></span>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Француски језик">фр.</a> <span lang="fr"><i><i><span lang="fr" title="француски текст">comte</span></i></i></span>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Енглески језик">енгл.</a> <span lang="en"><i><i><span lang="en" title="енглески текст">count</span></i></i></span>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Мађарски језик">мађ.</a> <span lang="hu"><i><i><span lang="hu" title="мађарски текст">Gróf</span></i></i></span>; жен. <b>грофица</b>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Немачки језик">нем.</a> <span lang="de"><i><i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">Gräfin</span></i></i></span>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Енглески језик">енгл.</a> <span lang="en"><i><i><span lang="en" title="енглески текст">countess</span></i></i></span>) је <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Племство">племићка</a> титула. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Етимологија_и_порекло"><span id=".D0.95.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.B3.D0.B8.D1.98.D0.B0_.D0.B8_.D0.BF.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.BA.D0.BB.D0.BE"></span>Етимологија и порекло</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Уредите одељак „Етимологија и порекло”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&action=edit&section=1" title="Уреди извор одељка: Етимологија и порекло"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Реч <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">Graf</span></i> потиче од <a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_High_German&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middle High German (страница не постоји)">средњегорњонемачког</a> <i>grave</i>, што је обично изведено од <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Латински језик">лат.</a> <span lang="la"><i><i><span lang="la" title="латински текст">graphio</span></i></i></span>. Заузврат сматра се да <i><span lang="la" title="латински текст">Graphio</span></i> потиче од <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine Empire">византијске</a> титуле <i><span lang="grc-Latn" title="старогрчки текст">grapheus</span></i>, која ултиматно потиче од грчког глагола <span lang="grc" title="старогрчки текст">γρᾰ́φειν</span> (<i lang="grc-Latn" title="старогрчки-language [транслитерација]">graphein</i>) „писати“.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Међутим, изнета су и друга објашњења; <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Grimm" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacob Grimm">Јакоб</a> и <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Grimm" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilhelm Grimm">Вилхелм Грим</a>, док су још увек уважавали потенцијал грчке деривације, сугерисали су везу са <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Готски језик">готским</a> <i>gagrêfts</i>, што значи 'одлука, декрет'. Међутим, Гримови су преферирали решење које омогућава везу са <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Староенглески језик">староенглеским</a> <i>gerēfa</i> '<a href="/w/index.php?title=Reeve_(England)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reeve (England) (страница не постоји)">reeve</a>', у коме је <i>ge-</i> префикс, а које Гримови изводе из <a href="/w/index.php?title=Proto-Germanic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proto-Germanic (страница не постоји)">протогерманског</a> <i><span title="Праиндоевропски језик" class="Unicode" lang="ine" style="white-space: nowrap">*rōva</span></i> 'број'.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Историја"><span id=".D0.98.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.98.D0.B0"></span>Историја</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Уредите одељак „Историја”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&action=edit&section=2" title="Уреди извор одељка: Историја"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>У <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%9A%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Средњи век">средњем</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Нови вијек">новом веку</a>, титула грофа је означавала част нижу од <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Војвода">војводе</a>. Понегде је то била служба коју је додељивао <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%99" title="Краљ">краљ</a>, а у другим случајевима била је реч о наследном праву. Где је грофовски наслов био повезан и са одређеним подручјем, то се подручје називало <b><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Грофовија">грофовија</a></b>. Грофови се јављају прво у <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Франачка">Франачком царству</a> као краљеви намесници над једном подручју. Назив води своје порекло вероватно од <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Латински језик">латинског</a> <i>graffio</i>, а ово опет од <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Грчки језик">грчког</a> <i>γραφεύς</i> (графеус), што значи писар. Грофови брзо су изједначени са <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Римско царство">римском</a> службом <i>comes</i>, који је позном <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Римско царство">Римском царству</a> био високи царски службеник финансија. Са временом гроф/<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Комес (страница не постоји)">комес</a> развило се у нижу племићку титулу и прихваћена је широм <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Хришћанство">хришћанске</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Европа">Европе</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Count" class="mw-redirect" title="Count">Грофовска</a> титула <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">Graf</span></i> је заједничка за различите европске територије на којима је немачки био или је званични или народни језик, укључујући Аустрију, Немачку, Швајцарску, Луксембург, Лихтенштајн, Алзас, <a href="/wiki/Baltic_states" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltic states">балтичке државе</a> и друге бивше земље <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_monarchy" class="mw-redirect" title="Habsburg monarchy">Хабзбуршке круне</a>. У Немачкој су све законске привилегије племства званично укинуте од августа 1919. године, а <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">Graf</span></i> се, као и свака друга наследна титула, третира као део законског презимена.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> У Аустрији је његово коришћење законом забрањено, као и код свих наследних титула и <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobiliary_particle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobiliary particle (страница не постоји)">племићких предиката</a>. У <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" class="mw-redirect" title="Switzerland">Швајцарској</a> титула није призната у закону. У монархијама Белгије, Лихтенштајна и Луксембурга, где је немачки један од <a href="/wiki/Official_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Official language">званичних језика</a>, титула наставља да се признаје, користи, и повремено их додељује национални <i><span lang="la" title="латински текст"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fount_of_honour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fount of honour (страница не постоји)">fons honorum</a></span></i>, владајући монарх. </p><p>У средњевековном Светом римском царству, неки грофови су узимали или добијали јединствене варијације <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">gräfliche</span></i> титуле, често у вези са одређеним доменом или јурисдикцијом одговорности, нпр. <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Landgrave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Landgrave (страница не постоји)">Landgraf</a></span></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст"><a href="/wiki/Margrave" class="mw-redirect" title="Margrave">Markgraf</a></span></i>, <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">Pfalzgraf</span></i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Count_Palatine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Count Palatine (страница не постоји)">гроф палатин</a>), <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Burgrave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Burgrave (страница не постоји)">Burggraf</a></span></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-NCDGE_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NCDGE-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TCUDASL_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TCUDASL-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">Wildgraf</span></i>, <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">Waldgraf</span></i>, <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">Altgraf</span></i>, <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">Raugraf</span></i>, итд. Иако је као титула <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">Graf</span></i> рангирана, званично, испод <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herzog&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Herzog (страница не постоји)">Herzog</a></span></i> (војводе) и <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст"><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%BCrst&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fürst (страница не постоји)">Fürst</a></span></i> (принца), <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Roman Emperor">цар Светог римског царства</a> је могао и јесте признавао јединствене уступке власти или ранга неким од ових племића, уздигавши их до статуса <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">gefürsteter Graf</span></i> или „кнежевског грофа“. Али <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">grafliche</span></i> титула са таквим префиксом није увек означавала виши од комиталног чина или чланство у <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">Hochadel</span></i>. Само су важније од ових титула, које су историјски повезане са степеном суверенитета, остале у употреби до 19. века, конкретно <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">Markgraf</span></i> и <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">Landgraf</span></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Савремена_употреба_у_немачким_презименима"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.B0.D0.B2.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.BC.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D1.83.D0.BF.D0.BE.D1.82.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.B1.D0.B0_.D1.83_.D0.BD.D0.B5.D0.BC.D0.B0.D1.87.D0.BA.D0.B8.D0.BC_.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.B7.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.B0"></span>Савремена употреба у немачким презименима</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Уредите одељак „Савремена употреба у немачким презименима”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&action=edit&section=3" title="Уреди извор одељка: Савремена употреба у немачким презименима"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=German_nobility&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="German nobility (страница не постоји)">Немачко племство</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> иако није укинуто (за разлику од <a href="/w/index.php?title=Austrian_nobility&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Austrian nobility (страница не постоји)">аустријског племства</a> новом <a href="/wiki/First_Austrian_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="First Austrian Republic">Првом аустријском Републиком</a> 1919. године),<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> изгубило је признање као правни сталеж у Немачкој под <a href="/wiki/Weimar_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Weimar Republic">Вајмарском републиком</a> 1919. према <a href="/wiki/Weimar_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Weimar Constitution">Вајманском уставу</a>, члан 109. Бивше наследне племићке титуле правно су једноставно трансформисане у зависне делове <a href="/w/index.php?title=Legal_name&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Legal name (страница не постоји)">законског презимена</a> (с тим да бивша титула сада прати дато име, нпр. <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Otto_Graf_Lambsdorff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otto Graf Lambsdorff (страница не постоји)">Otto Graf Lambsdorff</a></span></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-Art._109_WC_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Art._109_WC-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Као зависни делови презимена (<i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">nichtselbständige Namensbestandteile</span></i>), они се занемарују у абецедном сортирању имена, као и сваки племићки предикат, као што су <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BD" class="mw-disambig" title="Вон">von</a></span></i> или <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">zu</span></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> и могу или не морају да их користе они који их носе. Препознатљиво главно презиме је име које следи иза <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">Graf</span></i>, или <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">Gräfin</span></i>, и племићког предиката, ако постоји. У данашње време, пошто су изгубили свој правни статус, ови термини се често не преводе, за разлику од пре 1919. Титуле, међутим, задржавају престиж у неким круговима друштва. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Види_још"><span id=".D0.92.D0.B8.D0.B4.D0.B8_.D1.98.D0.BE.D1.88"></span>Види још</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Уредите одељак „Види још”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&action=edit&section=4" title="Уреди извор одељка: Види још"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Барон">Барон</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Виконт">Виконт</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Кнез">Кнез</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Војвода">Војвода</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Референце"><span id=".D0.A0.D0.B5.D1.84.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.86.D0.B5"></span>Референце</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Уредите одељак „Референце”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&action=edit&section=5" title="Уреди извор одељка: Референце"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r28440201">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.duden.de/rechtschreibung/Graf_Titel_Beamter_Adliger">„Duden”</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.btitle=Duden&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.duden.de%2Frechtschreibung%2FGraf_Titel_Beamter_Adliger&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://woerterbuchnetz.de/cgi-bin/WBNetz/wbgui_py?sigle=DWB&mode=Vernetzung&lemid=GG25006#XGG25006">„Deutsches Wörterbuch”</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.au=Grimm%2C+Wilhelm&rft.aufirst=Jacob&rft.aulast=Grimm&rft.btitle=Deutsches+W%C3%B6rterbuch&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwoerterbuchnetz.de%2Fcgi-bin%2FWBNetz%2Fwbgui_py%3Fsigle%3DDWB%26mode%3DVernetzung%26lemid%3DGG25006%23XGG25006&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Weimar Constitution Article 109, sentence 2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mayer, Theodor, "Über Entstehung und Bedeutung der älteren deutschen Landgrafschaften", in <i>Mitteralterliche Studien – Gesammelte Aufsätze</i>, ed. F. Knapp (Sigmaringen 1958) 187–201. Also published in <i>Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte</i>, Germanische Abteilung 58 (1938) 210–288.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">'<i><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a><b></b></i></span><i><b> <span class="reference-text">Mayer, Theodor, </span></b>Herzogtum und Landeshoheit', Fürsten und Staat. Studien zur Verfassungsgeschichte des deutschen Mittelalters</i> (Weimar 1950) 276–301. </li> <li id="cite_note-NCDGE-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NCDGE_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Ebers, Johann (1796). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wW5BAAAAYAAJ"><i>The New and Complete Dictionary of the German and English Languages</i></a> (на језику: немачки и енглески). <b>1</b>. Leipzig: Breitkopf and Haertel. стр. 502—503.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.aufirst=Johann&rft.aulast=Ebers&rft.btitle=The+New+and+Complete+Dictionary+of+the+German+and+English+Languages&rft.date=1796&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=502-503&rft.place=Leipzig&rft.pub=Breitkopf+and+Haertel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwW5BAAAAYAAJ&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TCUDASL-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TCUDASL_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Ebers, Abraham Rees (1819). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TEM840mSEHcC"><i>The Cyclopædia: Or, Universal Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and Literature</i></a>. <b>V</b>. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown etc. Burggrave.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.aufirst=Abraham+Rees&rft.aulast=Ebers&rft.btitle=The+Cyclop%C3%A6dia%3A+Or%2C+Universal+Dictionary+of+Arts%2C+Sciences%2C+and+Literature&rft.date=1819&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=Burggrave&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Longman%2C+Hurst%2C+Rees%2C+Orme+%26+Brown+etc.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTEM840mSEHcC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Lamar Cecil, (1970). „The creation of nobles in Prussia, 1871-1918.”. <i>American Historical Review</i>. <b>75</b> (3): 757—795.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.atitle=The+creation+of+nobles+in+Prussia%2C+1871-1918.&rft.au=Lamar+Cecil%2C&rft.date=1970&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=3&rft.jtitle=American+Historical+Review&rft.pages=757-795&rft.volume=75&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.verwaltung.steiermark.at/cms/beitrag/11681327/74838500/">„Adelsaufhebungsgesetz (excerpt)”</a>. <i>Das Land Steiermark</i> (на језику: немачки). Office of the Styrian State Government.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.atitle=Adelsaufhebungsgesetz+%28excerpt%29&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Das+Land+Steiermark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.verwaltung.steiermark.at%2Fcms%2Fbeitrag%2F11681327%2F74838500%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Art._109_WC-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Art._109_WC_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Article 109 of the Weimar Constitution constitutes: <i><span lang="de" title="немачки текст">Adelsbezeichnungen gelten nur als Teil des Namens und dürfen nicht mehr verliehen werden</span></i> ("Noble names are only recognised as part of the surname and may no longer be granted").</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Compare <a href="/wiki/Deutsches_Institut_f%C3%BCr_Normung" class="mw-redirect" title="Deutsches Institut für Normung">DIN</a> standard # 5007, part 2.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Литература"><span id=".D0.9B.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Литература</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Уредите одељак „Литература”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&action=edit&section=6" title="Уреди извор одељка: Литература"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r28440192">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=L._G._Pine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="L. G. Pine (страница не постоји)">Pine, L. G.</a> (1992). <i>Titles: How the King Became His Majesty</i>. New York: Barnes & Noble. стр. 73. <a href="/wiki/OCLC" title="OCLC">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/27827106">27827106</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.au=Pine%2C+L.+G.&rft.btitle=Titles%3A+How+the+King+Became+His+Majesty&rft.date=1992&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=73&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Barnes+%26+Noble&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F27827106&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.roman-emperors.org/anthemiu.htm">„An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors”</a>. University of South Carolina<span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">2008-04-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.btitle=An+Online+Encyclopedia+of+Roman+Emperors&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=University+of+South+Carolina&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.roman-emperors.org%2Fanthemiu.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFInstitut_für_Wissenschaftliche_Zusammenarbeit_mit_Hochschulen_der_Entwicklungsländer_(Tübingen,_Germany)1976" class="citation book">Institut für Wissenschaftliche Zusammenarbeit mit Hochschulen der Entwicklungsländer (Tübingen, Germany) (1976). <i>Philosophy and History</i>. Philosophy and History. стр. 105.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.au=Institut+f%C3%BCr+Wissenschaftliche+Zusammenarbeit+mit+Hochschulen+der+Entwicklungsl%C3%A4nder+%28T%C3%BCbingen%2C+Germany%29&rft.btitle=Philosophy+and+History&rft.date=1976&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=105&rft.pub=Philosophy+and+History&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFJeep2001" class="citation book">Jeep, John M. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/medievalgermanye0000unse"><i>Medieval Germany: An Encyclopedia</i></a>. Psychology Press. стр. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/medievalgermanye0000unse/page/140">140</a>. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/0824076443" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/0824076443">0824076443</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.aufirst=John+M.&rft.aulast=Jeep&rft.btitle=Medieval+Germany%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0824076443&rft.pages=140&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmedievalgermanye0000unse&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303194758/http://www.ppant.be/geschiedenis/geschiedenis.html">„Geschiedenis”</a>. <i>Ppant.be</i>. Архивирано из <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ppant.be/geschiedenis/geschiedenis.html">оригинала</a> 03. 03. 2016. г<span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">2016-08-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.atitle=Geschiedenis&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ppant.be&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ppant.be%2Fgeschiedenis%2Fgeschiedenis.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li>Dotzauer, Winfried: <cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xQoe5c5XTtwC&pg=PA307&lpg=PA307&dq=raugraf&source=web&ots=4cny5Nc8gj&sig=Cg8KhIaUx1Lq_ncj0bsFbRhdjYw"><i>Geschichte des Nahe-Hunsrück-Raumes von den Anfängen bis zur Französischen Revolution</i></a>. 2001. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/3-515-07878-9" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/3-515-07878-9">3-515-07878-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.btitle=Geschichte+des+Nahe-Hunsr%C3%BCck-Raumes+von+den+Anf%C3%A4ngen+bis+zur+Franz%C3%B6sischen+Revolution&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=3-515-07878-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxQoe5c5XTtwC%26pg%3DPA307%26lpg%3DPA307%26dq%3Draugraf%26source%3Dweb%26ots%3D4cny5Nc8gj%26sig%3DCg8KhIaUx1Lq_ncj0bsFbRhdjYw&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>; Stuttgart: Steiner. ()</li> <li>Fabricius, Wilhelm: <i>Die Herrschaften des unteren Nahegebietes. Der Nahegau und seine Umgebung</i>; Geschichtlicher Atlas der Rheinprovinz 6; Bonn: H. Behrend, 1914</li> <li>Köbler, Gerhard: <cite class="citation book"><i>Historisches Lexikon der deutschen Länder. Die deutschen Territorien und reichsunmittelbaren Geschlechter vom Mittelalter bis zur Gegenwart</i>. 1999. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/3-406-44333-8" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/3-406-44333-8">3-406-44333-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.btitle=Historisches+Lexikon+der+deutschen+L%C3%A4nder.+Die+deutschen+Territorien+und+reichsunmittelbaren+Geschlechter+vom+Mittelalter+bis+zur+Gegenwart&rft.date=1999&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=3-406-44333-8&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>. 6. Auflage. Beck, München.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHubertyGiraudMagdelaine,_F._and_B.1985" class="citation book">Huberty, Michel; Giraud, Alain; Magdelaine, F. and B. (1985). <i>L'Allemagne Dynastique, Tome IV</i>. France: Laballery. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/2-901138-04-7" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/2-901138-04-7">2-901138-04-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.au=Giraud%2C+Alain&rft.au=Magdelaine%2C+F.+and+B.&rft.aufirst=Michel&rft.aulast=Huberty&rft.btitle=L%27Allemagne+Dynastique%2C+Tome+IV&rft.date=1985&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=2-901138-04-7&rft.place=France&rft.pub=Laballery&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dced.pa.gov/download/citizens-guide-to-pennsylvania-local-government-pdf/">„County Government”</a>. <i>Citizen's Guide to Pennsylvania Local Government</i>: 8. 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">2016-08-09</span></span>. „<i>The eleven elected county officers are enumerated in the Pennsylvania Constitution, but their powers and duties are prescribed by statutes located throughout the county codes and general state laws. Consolidation of certain offices in smaller counties involves the offices of prothonotary, clerk of courts, register of wills and recorder of deeds.</i>”</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.atitle=County+Government&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Citizen%27s+Guide+to+Pennsylvania+Local+Government&rft.pages=8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdced.pa.gov%2Fdownload%2Fcitizens-guide-to-pennsylvania-local-government-pdf%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100104054929/http://www.byhistorie.dk/kommuner/artikel.aspx?artikel=amter.xml">„Amternes administration 1660–1970 (in Danish)”</a>. Dansk Center for Byhistorie. Архивирано из <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.byhistorie.dk/kommuner/artikel.aspx?artikel=amter.xml">оригинала</a> 4. 1. 2010. г<span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">1. 1. 2007</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.btitle=Amternes+administration+1660%E2%80%931970+%28in+Danish%29&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Dansk+Center+for+Byhistorie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.byhistorie.dk%2Fkommuner%2Fartikel.aspx%3Fartikel%3Damter.xml&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/styleguide_english_dgt_country_compendium_en.pdf">„Country Compendium, A companion to the English Style Guide”</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. European Commission Directorate-General for Translation (EC DGT). фебруар 2017. стр. 50—51. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/styleguide_english_dgt_country_compendium_en.pdf">Архивирано</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> из оригинала 2022-10-09. г.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.btitle=Country+Compendium%2C+A+companion+to+the+English+Style+Guide&rft.date=2017&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pages=50-51&rft.pub=European+Commission+Directorate-General+for+Translation+%28EC+DGT%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Finfo%2Fsites%2Finfo%2Ffiles%2Fstyleguide_english_dgt_country_compendium_en.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></li> <li>Mayer, Theodor, "Über Entstehung und Bedeutung der älteren deutschen Landgrafschaften", in <i>Mitteralterliche Studien – Gesammelte Aufsätze</i>, ed. F. Knapp (Sigmaringen 1958) 187–201. Also published in <i>Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte</i>, Germanische Abteilung 58 (1938) 210–288.</li> <li>Mayer, Theodor, '<i>Herzogtum und Landeshoheit', Fürsten und Staat. Studien zur Verfassungsgeschichte des deutschen Mittelalters</i> (Weimar 1950) 276–301.</li> <li>Eichenberger, T., Patria: <i>Studien zur Bedeutung des Wortes im Mittelalter</i> (6.-12. Jahrhundert), Nationes – Historische und philologische Untersuchungen zur Entstehung der europäischen Nationen im Mittelalter 9 (Sigmaringen 1991).</li> <li><cite class="citation journal">Van Droogenbroeck, Frans J., (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/4578469/">„'De betekenis van paltsgraaf Herman II (1064-1085) voor het graafschap Brabant<span style="padding-right:0.2em;">'</span>”</a>. <i>Eigen Schoon en De Brabander</i>. <b>87</b>: 1—166.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.atitle=%27De+betekenis+van+paltsgraaf+Herman+II+%281064-1085%29+voor+het+graafschap+Brabant%27&rft.au=Van+Droogenbroeck%2C+Frans+J.%2C&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eigen+Schoon+en+De+Brabander&rft.pages=1-166&rft.volume=87&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F4578469%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Вишеструка имена: списак аутора (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0:_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Вишеструка имена: списак аутора">веза</a>)</span>.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFVan_Droogenbroeck,_Frans_J2004" class="citation book">Van Droogenbroeck, Frans J (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/12366096/"><i>Het landgraafschap Brabant (1085-1183) en zijn paltsgrafelijke voorgeschiedenis. De territoriale en institutionele aanloop tot het ontstaan van het hertogdom Brabant</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.au=Van+Droogenbroeck%2C+Frans+J&rft.btitle=Het+landgraafschap+Brabant+%281085-1183%29+en+zijn+paltsgrafelijke+voorgeschiedenis.+De+territoriale+en+institutionele+aanloop+tot+het+ontstaan+van+het+hertogdom+Brabant&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F12366096%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.destatis.de/DE/ZahlenFakten/LaenderRegionen/Regionales/Gemeindeverzeichnis/Administrativ/Aktuell/04Kreise.xls?__blob=publicationFile">„Kreisfreie Städte und Landkreise nach Fläche und Bevölkerung auf Grundlage des ZENSUS 2011 und Bevölkerungsdichte – Gebietsstand: 31.12.2015”</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(XLS)</span> (на језику: немачки). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Statistisches_Bundesamt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Statistisches Bundesamt (страница не постоји)">Statistisches Bundesamt</a> Deutschland. јул 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">9. 8. 2017</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.btitle=Kreisfreie+St%C3%A4dte+und+Landkreise+nach+Fl%C3%A4che+und+Bev%C3%B6lkerung+auf+Grundlage+des+ZENSUS+2011+und+Bev%C3%B6lkerungsdichte+%E2%80%93+Gebietsstand%3A+31.12.2015&rft.date=2017&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Statistisches+Bundesamt+Deutschland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.destatis.de%2FDE%2FZahlenFakten%2FLaenderRegionen%2FRegionales%2FGemeindeverzeichnis%2FAdministrativ%2FAktuell%2F04Kreise.xls%3F__blob%3DpublicationFile&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation web">ideo.pl, ideo- (2019-04-27). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.prawo.pl/samorzad/gminy-wiejskie-chca-lepszej-ochrony-swych-granic,402541.html">„Gminy wiejskie chcą lepszej ochrony swych granic”</a>. <i>Prawo.pl</i> (на језику: пољски)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">2021-02-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.atitle=Gminy+wiejskie+chc%C4%85+lepszej+ochrony+swych+granic&rft.aufirst=ideo-&rft.aulast=ideo.pl&rft.date=2019-04-27&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Prawo.pl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.prawo.pl%2Fsamorzad%2Fgminy-wiejskie-chca-lepszej-ochrony-swych-granic%2C402541.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFUpshurTerryHolokaGoff2011" class="citation book">Upshur, Jiu-Hwa; Terry, Janice; Holoka, Jim; Goff, Richard; Cassar, George H. (2011). <i>Cengage Advantage Books: World History</i>. <b>I</b>. California: Wadsworth Publishing Co. Inc. стр. 329. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/9781111345167" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/9781111345167">9781111345167</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.au=Cassar%2C+George+H.&rft.au=Goff%2C+Richard&rft.au=Holoka%2C+Jim&rft.au=Terry%2C+Janice&rft.aufirst=Jiu-Hwa&rft.aulast=Upshur&rft.btitle=Cengage+Advantage+Books%3A+World+History&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9781111345167&rft.pages=329&rft.place=California&rft.pub=Wadsworth+Publishing+Co.+Inc.&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLarence1827" class="citation book">Larence, Sir James Henry (1827) [first published 1824]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=k04RAQAAIAAJ"><i>The nobility of the British Gentry or the political ranks and dignities of the British Empire compared with those on the continent</i></a> (2nd изд.). 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Princeton University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.au=Berdahl%2C+Robert+M&rft.btitle=The+politics+of+the+Prussian+nobility%3A+The+development+of+a+conservative+ideology%2C+1770-1848&rft.date=2014&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li>Buse, Dieter K. and Doerr, Juergen C., eds. <i>Modern Germany: An Encyclopedia of History, People, and Culture, 1871-1990</i> (2 vol. Garland, 1998) pp. 41–42.</li> <li><cite class="citation journal">Cecil, Lamar (1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1854529">„The creation of nobles in Prussia, 1871-1918.”</a>. <i>American Historical Review</i>. <b>75</b> (3): 757—795.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.atitle=The+creation+of+nobles+in+Prussia%2C+1871-1918.&rft.au=Cecil%2C+Lamar&rft.date=1970&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=3&rft.jtitle=American+Historical+Review&rft.pages=757-795&rft.volume=75&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1854529&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li>D'Almeida, Fabrice. <i>High Society in the Third Reich</i> (2008) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/Society-Third-Reich-Fabrice-DAlmeida/dp/0745643124/">excerpt</a></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFGodsey2004" class="citation book">Godsey, William D. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bh0Syp1dEewC"><i>Nobles and Nation in Central Europe: Free Imperial Knights in the Age of Revolution, 1750–1850</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/9781139456098" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/9781139456098">9781139456098</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.aufirst=William+D.&rft.aulast=Godsey&rft.btitle=Nobles+and+Nation+in+Central+Europe%3A+Free+Imperial+Knights+in+the+Age+of+Revolution%2C+1750%E2%80%931850&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9781139456098&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dbh0Syp1dEewC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBinder-Krieglstein2000" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhard_Binder-Krieglstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reinhard Binder-Krieglstein (страница не постоји)">Binder-Krieglstein, Reinhard</a> (2000). <i>Österreichisches Adelsrecht 1868 – 1918/19: von der Ausgestaltung des Adelsrechts der cisleithanischen Reichshälfte bis zum Adelsaufhebungsgesetz der Republik unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des adeligen Namensrechts</i> (на језику: немачки). Frankfurt am Main [u.a.]: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Lang (publishing company) (страница не постоји)">Peter Lang</a>. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-3-631-34833-8" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-3-631-34833-8">978-3-631-34833-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.aufirst=Reinhard&rft.aulast=Binder-Krieglstein&rft.btitle=%C3%96sterreichisches+Adelsrecht+1868+%E2%80%93+1918%2F19%3A+von+der+Ausgestaltung+des+Adelsrechts+der+cisleithanischen+Reichsh%C3%A4lfte+bis+zum+Adelsaufhebungsgesetz+der+Republik+unter+besonderer+Ber%C3%BCcksichtigung+des+adeligen+Namensrechts&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-3-631-34833-8&rft.place=Frankfurt+am+Main+%5Bu.a.%5D&rft.pub=Peter+Lang&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_von_Coudenhove-Kalergi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard von Coudenhove-Kalergi (страница не постоји)">von Coudenhove-Kalergi, Richard</a>. <i>Adel</i>. Vienna. 1923.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Frank-D%C3%B6fering&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Frank-Döfering (страница не постоји)">Frank-Döfering, Peter</a>. <cite class="citation book"><i>Adelslexikon des österreichischen Kaisertums 1804–1918</i>. 1989. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/3-210-24925-3" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/3-210-24925-3">3-210-24925-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.btitle=Adelslexikon+des+%C3%B6sterreichischen+Kaisertums+1804%E2%80%931918&rft.date=1989&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=3-210-24925-3&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> (in German). <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" class="mw-disambig" title="Хердер">Herder</a>, Vienna. .</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLieven1993" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dominic_Lieven&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dominic Lieven (страница не постоји)">Lieven, Dominic</a> (1993). <i>The aristocracy in Europe: 1815–1914</i> (1st изд.). New York: Columbia University Press. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/0-231-08112-X" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/0-231-08112-X">0-231-08112-X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.aufirst=Dominic&rft.aulast=Lieven&rft.btitle=The+aristocracy+in+Europe%3A+1815%E2%80%931914&rft.date=1993&rft.edition=1st&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-231-08112-X&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinz_Siegert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinz Siegert (страница не постоји)">Siegert, Heinz</a>. <i>Adel in Österreich</i>(in German). Vienna 1971.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hannes_Stekl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hannes Stekl (страница не постоји)">Stekl, Hannes</a>. <cite class="citation book"><i>Adel und Bürgertum in der Habsburgermonarchie 18. bis 20. Jahrhundert</i>. 2004. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/3-486-56846-9" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/3-486-56846-9">3-486-56846-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.btitle=Adel+und+B%C3%BCrgertum+in+der+Habsburgermonarchie+18.+bis+20.+Jahrhundert&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=3-486-56846-9&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>(in German). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oldenbourg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oldenbourg (страница не постоји)">Oldenbourg</a>, Vienna.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gudula_Walterskirchen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gudula Walterskirchen (страница не постоји)">Walterskirchen, Gudula</a>. <cite class="citation book"><i>Blaues Blut für Österreich</i>. 2000. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/3-85002-452-0" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/3-85002-452-0">3-85002-452-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.btitle=Blaues+Blut+f%C3%BCr+%C3%96sterreich&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=3-85002-452-0&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> (in German). Amalthea, Vienna.</li> <li>Walterskirchen, Gudula. <cite class="citation book"><i>Der verborgene Stand. Adel in Österreich heute</i>. 2007. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/3-85002-428-8" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/3-85002-428-8">3-85002-428-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.btitle=Der+verborgene+Stand.+Adel+in+%C3%96sterreich+heute&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=3-85002-428-8&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> (in German). Amalthea, Vienna.</li> <li>Der Gotha. Supplement. <cite class="citation book"><i>Der "Österreich-Gotha". Mit Ergänzungswerken zum deutschen Adel</i>. 1997. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/3-598-30359-9" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/3-598-30359-9">3-598-30359-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.btitle=Der+%22%C3%96sterreich-Gotha%22.+Mit+Erg%C3%A4nzungswerken+zum+deutschen+Adel&rft.date=1997&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=3-598-30359-9&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> (in German). <a href="/w/index.php?title=K._G._Saur_Verlag&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="K. G. Saur Verlag (страница не постоји)">Saur</a>, Munich.</li> <li><cite class="citation journal">Hurwich, Judith J (1998). „Marriage strategies among the German nobility, 1400-1699,”. <i>Journal of Interdisciplinary History</i>. <b>29</b> (2).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.atitle=Marriage+strategies+among+the+German+nobility%2C+1400-1699%2C&rft.au=Hurwich%2C+Judith+J&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Interdisciplinary+History&rft.volume=29&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>:169–195.</li> <li>Kaudelka-Hanisch, Karin. "The Titled Businessman: Prussian Commercial Councillors in the Rhineland and Westphalia during the Nineteenth Century", in David Blackbourn and Richard J. Eellung der Mediatisierten 1815–1918<i>, Stuttgart 1957 (Göttingen ²1964). (Deals with the social and political rank of the former sovereign nobles of the Holy Roman Empire who were <a href="/w/index.php?title=German_mediatisation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="German mediatisation (страница не постоји)">mediatized</a> from 1803 to 1815.)</i></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Johannes Rogalla von Bieberstein. <i>Adelsherrschaft und Adelskultur in Deutschland</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&rft.au=Johannes+Rogalla+von+Bieberstein&rft.btitle=Adelsherrschaft+und+Adelskultur+in+Deutschland&rft.genre=book&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>. Limburg a.d.Lahn.: C.A. Starcke 1998.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Спољашње_везе"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.BF.D0.BE.D1.99.D0.B0.D1.88.D1.9A.D0.B5_.D0.B2.D0.B5.D0.B7.D0.B5"></span>Спољашње везе</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Уредите одељак „Спољашње везе”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84&action=edit&section=7" title="Уреди извор одељка: Спољашње везе"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25554621">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25554968">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><span style="font-weight:bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Graf" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Graf">Гроф</a></span> на <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="commons:Главна страна">Викимедијиној остави</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Germany.html#Holy%20Roman%20Empire">WorldStatesmen: see every modern state; here Germany/Holy Roman Empire</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070603183856/http://www.wissen.de/wde/generator/wissen/ressorts/geschichte/index,page=1221956.html">Lexikon article "Raugraf"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041213144833/http://hereditarytitles.com/">Hereditary titles</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heraldica.org/topics/royalty/g_morganat.htm">Unequal and Morganatic Marriages in German Law</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heraldica.org/topics/odegard/titlefaq.htm">Noble, Princely, Royal, and Imperial Titles</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinet.com/~laura/html/titles01.html">British noble titles</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25469611"><style 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25743416">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25743416"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%9B:%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Помоћ:Нормативна контрола">Нормативна контрола</a>: Државне <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28989#identifiers" title="Уреди на Википодацима"><img alt="Уреди на Википодацима" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Graf"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4021778-4">Немачка</a></span></span> <ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Gräfin"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4770088-9">2</a></span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Преузето из „<a dir="ltr" href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Гроф&oldid=28826507">https://sr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Гроф&oldid=28826507</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5" title="Посебно:Категорије">Категорија</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Категорија:Титуле">Титуле</a></li></ul></div><div 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