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id="toc-Use_in_cloud-based_infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Use_in_cloud-based_infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Use in cloud-based infrastructure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Use_in_cloud-based_infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-CPU_architecture_support" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#CPU_architecture_support"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>CPU architecture support</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-CPU_architecture_support-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Metadata_and_extensions_to_the_NDI_specification" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" 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</div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div 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height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>contains <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_a_soapbox_or_means_of_promotion" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">promotional content</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Network_Device_Interface&action=edit">improve it</a> by removing <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Spam" title="Wikipedia:Spam">promotional language</a> and inappropriate <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links#Advertising_and_conflicts_of_interest" title="Wikipedia:External links">external links</a>, and by adding encyclopedic text written from a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">neutral point of view</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2018</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-COI plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-COI" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/45px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/68px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/90px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="354" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b> A major contributor to this article appears to have a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Conflict_of_interest" title="Wikipedia:Conflict of interest">close connection</a> with its subject.</b><span class="hide-when-compact"> It may require cleanup to comply with Wikipedia's content policies, particularly <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">neutral point of view</a>. Please discuss further on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Network_Device_Interface" title="Talk:Network Device Interface">talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><p><b>Network Device Interface (NDI)</b> is a software specification developed by the <a href="/wiki/Technology_company" title="Technology company">technology company</a> <a href="/wiki/NewTek" title="NewTek">NewTek</a>. It enables <a href="/wiki/High-definition_video" title="High-definition video">high-definition video</a> to be transmitted, received, and communicated over a <a href="/wiki/Computer_network" title="Computer network">computer network</a> with low latency and high quality. This royalty-free specification supports <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frame-accurate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frame-accurate (page does not exist)">frame-accurate</a> switching, making it suitable for <a href="/wiki/Production_control_room" title="Production control room">live video production environments</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technology">Technology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Network_Device_Interface&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Technology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>NDI is designed to run over <a href="/wiki/Gigabit_Ethernet" title="Gigabit Ethernet">gigabit Ethernet</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with the NDI codec.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It delivers <a href="/wiki/1080i" title="1080i">1080i</a> <a href="/wiki/High-definition_video" title="High-definition video">high-definition video</a> at <a href="/wiki/Variable_bitrate" title="Variable bitrate">variable data rates</a> typically around 100 Mbit/s.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By default, NDI uses <a href="/wiki/Multicast_DNS" title="Multicast DNS">multicast DNS</a> to advertise sources on a <a href="/wiki/Local_area_network" title="Local area network">local area network</a>, such that NDI receivers can automatically discover and offer those sources. It also supports two other discovery modes (NDI Access, NDI Discovery Server) that allow for operations across <a href="/wiki/Subnet" title="Subnet">subnets</a> and without multicast DNS. Sources are created using an arbitrarily selected <a href="/wiki/TCP_port" class="mw-redirect" title="TCP port">TCP port</a> from a range of ports on the NDI senders. When a source is requested, a TCP connection is established on the appropriate port with the NDI receiver connecting to the NDI sender. NDI 3.x has options to use <a href="/wiki/User_Datagram_Protocol" title="User Datagram Protocol">UDP</a> <a href="/wiki/Multicast" title="Multicast">multicast</a> or <a href="/wiki/Unicast" title="Unicast">unicast</a> with <a href="/wiki/Forward_error_correction" class="mw-redirect" title="Forward error correction">forward error correction</a> (FEC) instead of TCP, and can <a href="/wiki/Load_balancing_(computing)" title="Load balancing (computing)">load balance</a> streams across multiple <a href="/wiki/Network_interface_controller" title="Network interface controller">network interface controllers</a> (NICs) without using <a href="/wiki/Link_aggregation" title="Link aggregation">link aggregation</a>. NDI version 4.0 introduces the <i>Multi-TCP</i> transport. </p><p>NDI carries video, multichannel <a href="/wiki/Uncompressed_audio" class="mw-redirect" title="Uncompressed audio">uncompressed audio</a>,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Please link to an official source verifying this claim (September 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and <a href="/wiki/Metadata" title="Metadata">metadata</a>. Metadata messages can be sent in both directions allowing the sender and receiver to message one another over the connection with arbitrary metadata in <a href="/wiki/XML" title="XML">XML</a> form.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This directional metadata system allows for functionality such as active <a href="/wiki/Tally_light" title="Tally light">tally information</a> fed back to sources to understand that they are on-air. NDI also allows senders to determine the number of connected receivers, so they can skip unnecessary processing and network bandwidth utilisation when there are no NDI receiver clients connected. NDI Receivers can opt to connect to various combinations of streams, to support, for instance, audio-only or metadata-only connections where video is not required. </p><p>The NDI <a href="/wiki/Software_development_kit" title="Software development kit">software development kit</a> (SDK) is available for <a href="/wiki/Windows" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows">Windows</a>, <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, and <a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">MacOS</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has also been ported to <a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a>, <a href="/wiki/TvOS" title="TvOS">tvOS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raspberry_Pi" title="Raspberry Pi">Raspberry Pi</a>, and <a href="/wiki/FPGA" class="mw-redirect" title="FPGA">FPGA</a>. The Standard NDI SDK is available via a royalty-free <a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">proprietary</a> license.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The NDI Advanced SDK offers OEMs direct access to and from compressed data and other features, with a commercial license. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Comparison_of_common_IP_video_protocols">Comparison of common IP video protocols</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Network_Device_Interface&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Comparison of common IP video protocols"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Other IP video protocols for use in professional video production (rather than IP video used for distribution to <a href="/wiki/End_user" title="End user">end users</a>) include <a href="/wiki/SMPTE_2022" title="SMPTE 2022">SMPTE 2022</a>, <a href="/wiki/SMPTE_2110" title="SMPTE 2110">SMPTE 2110</a>, ASPEN (largely superseded by SMPTE 2110) and <a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a> NMI. There are clear differences in the technology used by these protocols. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#EAECF0;background:linear-gradient(to top right,#EAECF0 49%,#AAA 49.5%,#AAA 50.5%,#EAECF0 51%);line-height:1.2;padding:0.1em 0.4em;"><div style="margin-left:2em;text-align:right">Protocol</div><div style="margin-right:2em;text-align:left">Parameter</div> </th> <th>NDI </th> <th>NDI HX </th> <th>NDI HX2 </th> <th><a href="/wiki/SMPTE_2022" title="SMPTE 2022">SMPTE <span class="nowrap">2022-6</span></a><sup id="cite_ref-smpte.org_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smpte.org-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/SMPTE_2110" title="SMPTE 2110">SMPTE 2110</a> </th> <th>ASPEN<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>NMI<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>CDI<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Developed by </th> <td><a href="/wiki/NewTek" title="NewTek">NewTek</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/NewTek" title="NewTek">NewTek</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/NewTek" title="NewTek">NewTek</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/SMPTE" class="mw-redirect" title="SMPTE">SMPTE</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/SMPTE" class="mw-redirect" title="SMPTE">SMPTE</a> </td> <td>ASPEN Community </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/AWS" class="mw-redirect" title="AWS">AWS</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Transport </th> <td>TCP/UDP/Multi-TCP/Reliable UDP<sup id="cite_ref-TCP_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TCP-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>A<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>UDP (TCP) </td> <td>TCP/UDP/Multi-TCP/Reliable UDP<sup id="cite_ref-TCP_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TCP-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>A<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>UDP (RTP) </td> <td>UDP (RTP) </td> <td>UDP </td> <td>UDP </td> <td>UDP / SRD </td></tr> <tr> <th>Image format </th> <td>Size / Aspect Independent </td> <td>Size / Aspect Independent </td> <td>Size / Aspect Independent </td> <td>SDI Formats only </td> <td>Size / Aspect Independent </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Size / Aspect Independent </td></tr> <tr> <th>Tally </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No<sup id="cite_ref-Tally_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tally-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>B<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr> <th>Bidirectional device control </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr> <th>Integrated Proxy </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr> <th>Integrated <a href="/wiki/Alpha_channel" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpha channel">alpha channel</a> </th> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th>Compression </th> <td>NDI Codec (SHQ 0/2/7)<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>NDI|HX (H.264) </td> <td>H.264/H.265 </td> <td>NONE<sup id="cite_ref-TICO_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TICO-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>C<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>SMPTE 2110-22 spec.(<a href="/wiki/JPEG_XS" title="JPEG XS">JPEG XS</a>, but not limited to) </td> <td>NONE </td> <td>NONE / LLVC Codec </td> <td>NONE </td></tr> <tr> <th>Connection </th> <td>Socket, Unicast / Multicast and FEC </td> <td>Unicast / Multicast </td> <td>Socket, Unicast / Multicast and FEC </td> <td>Multicast </td> <td>Multicast </td> <td>Multicast </td> <td>Multicast / ? </td> <td>SRD </td></tr> <tr> <th>HD (1080i) data rate </th> <td>~100 Mbit/s </td> <td>8–20 Mbit/s </td> <td>~1–50 Mbit/s </td> <td>>1.5 Gbit/s </td> <td>>1.1 Gbit/s </td> <td>>1.5 Gbit/s </td> <td>>1.5 Gbit/s / up to 14:1<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>>1.5 Gbit/s </td></tr> <tr> <th>Essence packing </th> <td>Discrete audio, metadata and video frame packets, single connection </td> <td>Modified RTSP/RTP type connections </td> <td>Discrete audio, metadata and video frame packets, single connection </td> <td>Packetized raw SDI bitstream </td> <td>Discrete audio, video and Metadata on separate connections with different protocols </td> <td>Multiple <a href="/wiki/MPEG_transport_stream" title="MPEG transport stream">MPEG transport streams</a> </td> <td>Frame aligned 2022-6 / LLVC </td> <td>Discrete audio, video and Metadata in SMPTE2110 Formats </td></tr> <tr> <th>Infrastructure </th> <td>Gigabit / wireless / load balanced multi NIC / 10 GBit </td> <td>Gigabit / wireless </td> <td>Gigabit / wireless </td> <td>10 GBit minimum </td> <td>10 GBit minimum </td> <td>10 GBit minimum </td> <td>Gigabit / 10 GBit </td> <td>100GBit EFA / libFabric </td></tr> <tr> <th>Service Discovery </th> <td>Bonjour (mDNS), NDI Access (manual), Discovery Server (NDI4) </td> <td>automatic via HX driver </td> <td>Bonjour (mDNS), NDI Access (manual), Discovery Server (NDI4) </td> <td>NMOS<sup id="cite_ref-nmos.tv_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nmos.tv-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>AMWA IS-04 NMOS </td> <td>JSON-RPC </td> <td>Plug & play (NDCP) </td> <td>NONE </td></tr> <tr> <th>API </th> <td>Royalty-free license, SDK libraries for Win (x86), Mac, Linux (x86 & ARM), iOS,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> FPGA reference </td> <td>Hardware encode, decode with NDI libraries </td> <td>Send with NDI Advanced SDK, receive with NDI libraries </td> <td>SMPTE standard </td> <td>SMPTE standard </td> <td> </td> <td>SMPTE RDD </td> <td>OPEN SOURCE </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-upper-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-TCP-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TCP_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TCP_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">NDI v1.0 was pure TCP. Later versions included options for UDP Unicast and Multicast as appropriate and FEC. NDI 4.0 adds 'Multi-TCP' transport, NDI 5.0 adds 'Reliable-UDP' transport . NDI</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tally-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tally_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tally for SMPTE 2110 relies on external data sources, using proposed AMWA IS 07.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TICO-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TICO_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The TICO RDD35 codec can be used to compress UHD by 4:1 so an encoded stream can be carried along a <a href="/wiki/SMPTE_2022" title="SMPTE 2022">SMPTE 2022</a>-6 channel at the same uncompressed bandwidth as HD.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SMPTE 2110 with TR-03 also offers the potential to use TICO RDD35 and JPEG XS.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This requires a proprietary encoder and decoder which are generally implemented as silicon on each end.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Network_Device_Interface&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>NDI was publicly revealed by NewTek on 8 September 2015 and was demonstrated at the IBC broadcast exhibition in Amsterdam that week.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first device shown using NDI was the NewTek <a href="/wiki/TriCaster" class="mw-redirect" title="TriCaster">TriCaster</a> which delivered an NDI feed from each of its SDI inputs as well as four output feeds from its vision mixer. The TriCaster could also receive up to two NDI sources from other devices (increased to 12 in later releases and up to 44 in NewTek's IP Series).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>NewTek had previously created a predecessor of NDI called AirSend to get video from external devices into their TriCaster products. AirSend had been implemented by a number of <a href="/wiki/Character_generator" title="Character generator">character generator</a> (CG) vendors including <a href="/wiki/Vizrt" title="Vizrt">Vizrt</a> and <a href="/wiki/ChyronHego" class="mw-redirect" title="ChyronHego">Chyron</a>. In order to quickly bring these products into the NDI space, NewTek created a new driver to replace the existing AirSend driver, which could be installed on these existing AirSend-compatible devices, instantly converting them to NDI-compatible devices with no change required by the original CG vendors.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>BirdDog was an early adopter and in 2018 release Studio NDI, an <a href="/wiki/ASIC" class="mw-redirect" title="ASIC">ASIC</a> implementation of NDI. BirdDog went on to deliver NDI PTZ cameras, along with a host of software applications.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Another early adopter of NDI was <a href="/wiki/VMix" title="VMix">VMix</a>, a Windows-based vision mixer which offers NDI inputs and outputs.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A significant increase in the NDI installed base came when live-streaming application <a href="/wiki/XSplit" title="XSplit">XSplit</a> added support for NDI.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Later in 2016, NewTek delivered NDI 2.0 which added features including support for service discovery across subnets. In April, Magewell announced seamless integration of their <a href="/wiki/PCIe" class="mw-redirect" title="PCIe">PCIe</a> and <a href="/wiki/USB" title="USB">USB</a> capture devices, allowing access to any video source on the network. This solution created one of the most efficient broadcast video production scenarios possible with unlimited source choice and ubiquitous operating system compatibility.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>On 12 July 2017 NewTek announced NDI 3.0 which added multicast, NDI|HX and other new features, introducing support for specific PTZ Cameras with <a href="/wiki/H.264" class="mw-redirect" title="H.264">H.264</a> <a href="/wiki/Chipset" title="Chipset">chipsets</a> and updated <a href="/wiki/Firmware" title="Firmware">firmware</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-newtek.com_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newtek.com-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2018 at the NAB Show, Microsoft announced they had added NDI support to <a href="/wiki/Skype" title="Skype">Skype for Content Creators</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-blogs.skype.com_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-blogs.skype.com-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other announcements at NAB2018 included NDI 3.5, and new NDI support from vendors including EVS<sup id="cite_ref-sportsvideo.org_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sportsvideo.org-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Avid.<sup id="cite_ref-https://www.newtek.com/blog/avid_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-https://www.newtek.com/blog/avid-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Version 3.4 of <a href="/wiki/FFmpeg" title="FFmpeg">FFmpeg</a> added input and output support for NDI when optionally compiled by the end-user to a non-open-source NewTek library.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, NewTek was later found to be redistributing pre-compiled binaries of FFmpeg that incorporated their non-opensource library in violation of the <a href="/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License" title="GNU General Public License">GNU General Public License</a>, causing the FFmpeg project to remove NDI support from their codebase in March 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2019, ahead of NAB, NewTek announced the addition of Multi-TCP mode to NDI 4.0 which is reported to leverage hardware TCP acceleration present in silicon, assisting lower-spec processors with NDI transport.<sup id="cite_ref-nab2019plans_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nab2019plans-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NDI 4.0 shipped in September 2019 to coincide with the IBC exhibition. </p><p>In July 2021, NDI 5 was released adding the following main features: Reliable UDP transmission, Redundant discovery server support, NDI 5 Tools (NDI Bridge, NDI Remote, NDI Audio Direct, FCP-X output)<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Version</th> <th>Released</th> <th>Features/Enhancements </th></tr> <tr> <td>1.0</td> <td>April 2016</td> <td>Initial Release </td></tr> <tr> <td>2.0</td> <td>Sept 2016</td> <td>Cross subnet support via Access Manager, ARM encoding support, iOS SDK </td></tr> <tr> <td>3.0</td> <td>July 2017</td> <td>NDI-HX support, Option for multicast transport with FEC, PTZ support. </td></tr> <tr> <td>3.5</td> <td>June 2018</td> <td>Defaults to Unicast UDP transport method with FEC. </td></tr> <tr> <td>3.6</td> <td>July 2018</td> <td>Packet level bonding improvements. </td></tr> <tr> <td>3.7</td> <td>Sept 2018</td> <td>Discovery improvements. </td></tr> <tr> <td>3.8</td> <td>Nov 2018</td> <td>Performance Enhancements, NDI Embedded SDK for FPGA development. </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.0</td> <td>Sept 2019</td> <td>Multi-TCP Transport mode, HDR 16-bit support, Native synchronized recording, Discovery Server, NDI HX2<sup id="cite_ref-nab2019plans_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nab2019plans-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.1</td> <td>Nov 2019</td> <td>Performance improvements. </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.5</td> <td>March 2020</td> <td>New Multi-TCP implementation, Lower latency with NDI-HX, Predictable port numbers for firewall rules, Improvements to codec quality. </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.6</td> <td>Nov 2020</td> <td>Can support NDI-HX2 encoding on PC's using NVENC. <sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5.0</td> <td>July 2021</td> <td>Reliable UDP transmission, Redundant discovery server support, NDI 5 Tools (Bridge, Remote, Audio Direct, FCP-X output) <sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5.1</td> <td>Feb 2022</td> <td>NDI Bridge enhancements, DNS name support for Discovery Server, SDK improvements. </td></tr> <tr> <td>5.5</td> <td>Aug 2022</td> <td>NDI Router, Quad Inputs on NDI Webcam Input with 4K video support, NDI Remote adds Talkback and desktop sharing features, Auto start applications on system boot, NDI FreeAudio command line tool (found with SDK). </td></tr> <tr> <td>6.0</td> <td>Apr 2024</td> <td>Added specification for NDI HDR metadata, Improved support for 16-bit colour formats, NDI Bridge Utility for Linux, NDI-KVM support for Video Monitor on macOS, NDI Router for macOS, NDI Studio Monitor on Windows enhanced with HDR support for display and recording. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Use_in_Wi-Fi_and_wide_area_networks">Use in Wi-Fi and wide area networks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Network_Device_Interface&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Use in Wi-Fi and wide area networks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>NDI was designed to work on good quality <a href="/wiki/Gigabit_Ethernet" title="Gigabit Ethernet">gigabit local area networks</a> using TCP and Bonjour (<a href="/wiki/MDNS" class="mw-redirect" title="MDNS">mDNS</a>) technologies. In order to work across subnets that don't pass mDNS, NDI supports a mechanism known as NDI Access which allows manual entry of the <a href="/wiki/IP_address" title="IP address">IP address</a> of machines on other subnets which may be running NDI sources. </p><p>Some NDI adopters have run the protocol across <a href="/wiki/Fiber-optic_communication" title="Fiber-optic communication">fibre</a> connections up to 15 km, although NDI's use of the TCP protocol makes it less suitable for long-distance, <a href="/wiki/Network_latency" class="mw-redirect" title="Network latency">high-latency</a> connections due to factors such as <a href="/wiki/Bandwidth-delay_product" title="Bandwidth-delay product">bandwidth-delay product</a> and <a href="/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol">TCP packet loss recovery</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later versions of NDI introduced different transport protocols including UDP, MultiTCP and reliable UDP (<a href="/wiki/QUIC" title="QUIC">QUIC</a>) which offer different network characteristics. NDI|HX uses a lower data rate making it easier to use in bandwidth-limited connections. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Use_in_cloud-based_infrastructure">Use in cloud-based infrastructure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Network_Device_Interface&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Use in cloud-based infrastructure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>NDI is also used within <a href="/wiki/Cloud-based" class="mw-redirect" title="Cloud-based">cloud-based</a> production systems, with its compressed video and unicast transmissions making it suitable for cloud-based services like <a href="/wiki/AWS" class="mw-redirect" title="AWS">AWS</a> and <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Azure" title="Microsoft Azure">Azure</a>. When operating in cloud environments, the NDI Discovery service provides a solution to multicast restrictions common to cloud platforms. Starting with NDI 5, the Bridge tool allows you to connect remote locations together be it over open Internet or via a VPN. NDI Bridge allows you use NDI-HX2 at selectable bitrates and codec types (H.264 or <a href="/wiki/HEVC" class="mw-redirect" title="HEVC">HEVC</a>) as the transmission format between locations (High Bandwidth NDI transmission is also possible), all other aspects of the NDI signal are preserved (metadata, alpha, tally, etc). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="CPU_architecture_support">CPU architecture support</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Network_Device_Interface&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: CPU architecture support"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>NDI, when running on <a href="/wiki/X86" title="X86">x86</a> or <a href="/wiki/X86-64" title="X86-64">x86-64</a> <a href="/wiki/CPU_Architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="CPU Architecture">architectures</a>, requires CPUs that include the <a href="/wiki/SSSE3" title="SSSE3">SSSE3</a> instruction set. Most <a href="/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a> CPU designs starting in 2006 have this instruction set, AMD added support starting in 2011. While not a requirement, NDI will take advantage of <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Vector_Extensions" title="Advanced Vector Extensions">Advanced Vector Extensions</a> (AVX) and <a href="/wiki/AVX2" class="mw-redirect" title="AVX2">AVX2</a> instruction sets for additional performance. </p><p>NDI can run on <a href="/wiki/32-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="32-bit">32-bit</a> or <a href="/wiki/64-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="64-bit">64-bit</a> CPU architectures, although performance is increased when using 64-bit. </p><p>NDI 4.x and earlier had limited support for <a href="/wiki/ARM_architecture_family" title="ARM architecture family">ARM</a>, generally offering encode-only support. The release of NDI 5 brings full support for encode and decode on ARM-based processors that include <a href="/wiki/Neon_(instruction_set)" class="mw-redirect" title="Neon (instruction set)">Neon instructions</a>. This includes <a href="/wiki/Apple_silicon" title="Apple silicon">Apple silicon</a> processors. </p><p>NDI|HX devices are typically transmit-only and based on proprietary platforms with hardware H.264 encoder chips. Examples of NDI|HX devices are <a href="/wiki/Pan%E2%80%93tilt%E2%80%93zoom_camera" title="Pan–tilt–zoom camera">PTZ cameras</a>, and the NDI Connect Spark SDI to NDI|HX converter box. The NDI stream itself is formed at the stream consumption end via the platform-specific NDI|HX driver, presenting the same uncompressed data to the application software consuming the NDI source regardless of original HX source hardware and compression. NDI|HX2 is a purer implementation, supporting either H.264 or HEVC compression, and allows for additional NDI features. </p><p>With NDI 4.0 NewTek announced the addition of a <i>Multi-TCP</i> transport mode. This takes advantage of the hardware <a href="/wiki/TCP_acceleration" class="mw-redirect" title="TCP acceleration">TCP acceleration</a> in silicon which helps lower-spec processors handle heavy network load, in contrast to UDP which does not benefit from the hardware acceleration.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Metadata_and_extensions_to_the_NDI_specification">Metadata and extensions to the NDI specification</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Network_Device_Interface&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Metadata and extensions to the NDI specification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>NDI supports arbitrary metadata as XML blocks, embedded in video and audio frames, as well as stand-alone metadata frames. The content of these metadata blocks form 3 families. </p> <ol><li>Internal metadata used by NDI invisibly. These messages are used for connectivity and some other fundamental tasks like Tally. They are typically invisible to NDI clients.</li> <li>Defined public metadata. These messages include things like the NDI PTZ Protocol. They are defined by NewTek as part of the NDI SDK.</li> <li>Third-party metadata schemas. These messages are implemented in the same way as defined NDI metadata but the content is based on third-party designs.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Network_Device_Interface&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output 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December 3, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NewTek+distributing+non-free+FFmpeg+build&rft.pub=FFmpeg+bug+trac&rft.date=2018-12-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftrac.ffmpeg.org%2Fticket%2F7589&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetwork+Device+Interface" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/commit/4b32f8b3ebfa011fcc5991bcaa97c3f5b61b49ad">"Remove libndi_newtek"</a>. FFmpeg github repo. March 9, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Remove+libndi_newtek&rft.pub=FFmpeg+github+repo&rft.date=2019-03-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2FFFmpeg%2FFFmpeg%2Fcommit%2F4b32f8b3ebfa011fcc5991bcaa97c3f5b61b49ad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetwork+Device+Interface" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nab2019plans-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nab2019plans_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nab2019plans_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKurz2019" class="citation web cs1">Kurz, Phil (April 3, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tvtechnology.com/news/newteks-andrew-cross-talks-about-the-acquisition-discusses-nab-show-plans">"NewTek's Andrew Cross Discusses Acquisition, NAB Show Plans"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NewTek%27s+Andrew+Cross+Discusses+Acquisition%2C+NAB+Show+Plans&rft.date=2019-04-03&rft.aulast=Kurz&rft.aufirst=Phil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tvtechnology.com%2Fnews%2Fnewteks-andrew-cross-talks-about-the-acquisition-discusses-nab-show-plans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetwork+Device+Interface" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ndi.tv/tools/">"NDI Tools | NDI.tv"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NDI+Tools+%26%23124%3B+NDI.tv&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndi.tv%2Ftools%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetwork+Device+Interface" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/news/nvidia-broadcast-engine-integrations/">"NVIDIA Broadcast Features Now Integrated Directly in Top Streaming Applications"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NVIDIA+Broadcast+Features+Now+Integrated+Directly+in+Top+Streaming+Applications&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nvidia.com%2Fen-us%2Fgeforce%2Fnews%2Fnvidia-broadcast-engine-integrations%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetwork+Device+Interface" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ndi.tv/tools/">"NDI Tools | NDI.tv"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NDI+Tools+%26%23124%3B+NDI.tv&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndi.tv%2Ftools%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetwork+Device+Interface" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGatarski2016" class="citation web cs1">Gatarski, Richard (9 May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://westreamu.se/2016/05/09/documentary-stockholm-kista-cross-production-using-ndi-over-fiber/">"Documentary: Stockholm Kista cross production using NDI over fiber"</a>. <i>Weststreamu.se</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Weststreamu.se&rft.atitle=Documentary%3A+Stockholm+Kista+cross+production+using+NDI+over+fiber&rft.date=2016-05-09&rft.aulast=Gatarski&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwestreamu.se%2F2016%2F05%2F09%2Fdocumentary-stockholm-kista-cross-production-using-ndi-over-fiber%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetwork+Device+Interface" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tvtechnology.com/news/newteks-andrew-cross-talks-about-the-acquisition-discusses-nab-show-plans">"NewTek's Andrew Cross Discusses Acquisition, NAB Show Plans"</a>. 3 April 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NewTek%27s+Andrew+Cross+Discusses+Acquisition%2C+NAB+Show+Plans&rft.date=2019-04-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tvtechnology.com%2Fnews%2Fnewteks-andrew-cross-talks-about-the-acquisition-discusses-nab-show-plans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetwork+Device+Interface" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sienna-tv.com/ndi/ndimetadatastandards.html">"NDI Metadata Standards"</a>. Sienna<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-09-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NDI+Metadata+Standards&rft.pub=Sienna&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sienna-tv.com%2Fndi%2Fndimetadatastandards.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANetwork+Device+Interface" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ndis.software/">NDIS Software</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Network_Device_Interface&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ndi.video/">Official website</a></span></span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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