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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">28,819 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_25608093" data-work_id="25608093" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25608093/Alman_Tarih_Ders_Kitab%C4%B1nda_Hz_Peygamber_D%C3%B6nemi_The_Period_of_Prophet_Muhammad_in_German_Textbook_of_History">Alman Tarih Ders Kitabında Hz. Peygamber Dönemi / The Period of Prophet Muhammad in German Textbook of History</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this article, the information about the period of Prophet Muhammed in the history textbook entitled Geschichte und Geschehen 3, taught in Gymnasium of Niedersachsen of Germany are dealt with. The period of Prophet... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_25608093" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this article, the information about the period of Prophet <br />Muhammed  in  the  history  textbook  entitled  Geschichte  und  Geschehen 3, taught in Gymnasium of Niedersachsen of Germany are dealt  with.  The  period  of  Prophet  Muhammed,  in  three  pages  of  that <br />book, was named as “Muhammed, the Prophet of Allah”. In this study, relevant data and its content will be analysed and evaluated. It is also established whether this data coincides  with the information in Islamic <br />resources or not, moreover interpretations and wording in that book will be evaluated from the points of objectivity and respecting the other’s  sacred  values.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/25608093" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="334958e10f048f3cc0f4d9f3ec44539b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45939578,"asset_id":25608093,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45939578/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3Nyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="48813843" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SaimYILMAZ">Saim YILMAZ</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="48813843" type="text/json">{"id":48813843,"first_name":"Saim","last_name":"YILMAZ","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SaimYILMAZ","display_name":"Saim YILMAZ","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SaimYILMAZ?f_ri=15967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_25608093 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="25608093"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 25608093, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_25608093", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_25608093 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 25608093; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_25608093"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_25608093 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="25608093"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 25608093; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=25608093]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_25608093").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_25608093").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="25608093"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15967" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_">Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15967" type="text/json">{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="176767" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sirah_Nabawiyah">Sirah Nabawiyah</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="176767" type="text/json">{"id":176767,"name":"Sirah Nabawiyah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sirah_Nabawiyah?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1134331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prophet_Muhammed">Prophet Muhammed</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1134331" type="text/json">{"id":1134331,"name":"Prophet Muhammed","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prophet_Muhammed?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=25608093]'), work: {"id":25608093,"title":"Alman Tarih Ders Kitabında Hz. Peygamber Dönemi / The Period of Prophet Muhammad in German Textbook of History","created_at":"2016-05-25T05:09:04.330-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/25608093/Alman_Tarih_Ders_Kitab%C4%B1nda_Hz_Peygamber_D%C3%B6nemi_The_Period_of_Prophet_Muhammad_in_German_Textbook_of_History?f_ri=15967","dom_id":"work_25608093","summary":" In this article, the information about the period of Prophet \nMuhammed in the history textbook entitled Geschichte und Geschehen 3, taught in Gymnasium of Niedersachsen of Germany are dealt with. The period of Prophet Muhammed, in three pages of that \nbook, was named as “Muhammed, the Prophet of Allah”. In this study, relevant data and its content will be analysed and evaluated. It is also established whether this data coincides with the information in Islamic \nresources or not, moreover interpretations and wording in that book will be evaluated from the points of objectivity and respecting the other’s sacred values. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45939578,"asset_id":25608093,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":48813843,"first_name":"Saim","last_name":"YILMAZ","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SaimYILMAZ","display_name":"Saim YILMAZ","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SaimYILMAZ?f_ri=15967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":176767,"name":"Sirah Nabawiyah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sirah_Nabawiyah?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":1134331,"name":"Prophet Muhammed","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prophet_Muhammed?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34914728" data-work_id="34914728" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34914728/The_Sira_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9_">The Sira (السيرة النبوية)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This essay presents the positivist perception of the prophetic biography (sīra) and early Islamic historiography as capable of yielding hard historical data against the background of skeptical approaches to the Islamic literary sources... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34914728" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This essay presents the positivist perception of the prophetic biography (sīra) and early Islamic historiography as capable of yielding hard historical data against the background of skeptical approaches to the Islamic literary sources and compares it with external literary, epigraphic, and numismatic evidence. The essay calls for a systematic use of modern-day classifying categories, such as ‘myth’, ‘legend’, and ‘saga,’ which can be epistemologically misleading, if applied on sīra traditions in an undisciplined manner. At the end of the essay, I have attached my translation into Arabic of its part “Sīra and Poetry”.<br /><br />Keywords: sira, prophetic biography, myth, legend, Geistesbeschäftigung, salvation history, isnad-cum-matn analysis, fictionalization, epigraphic evidence, numismatic evidence.<br />====================================================================================================================<br />أقارن في هذا المقال بين النظرة الإيجابية في السيرة النبوية والمصادر التاريخية المبكرة، وهي نظرة قائبة بأنّه من شأن هذه المؤلفات توفير المعلومات التاريخية الثابتة، من جهة، وبين النظرة الارتيابية في المصادر ذاتها، من جهة أخرى، مستنجدا بالقرائن الخارجية من الأدبية والنقشية والنُّمِّية. كما أني أدعو إلى الاستعمال المنضبط لمفاهيم التصنيف الأدبي كـ"الميث" و"الأسطورة" و"الساغا" التي قد تؤدي الى متاهة منهجية حالَ تطبيقها العشوائي بالنسبة للسيرة النبوية. وفي نهاية المقال يجد القارئ ترجمتي إلى اللغة العربية للفصل "السيرة والشعر".</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34914728" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d0b4b29c24992f26d3ba666f42beb9b3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54775989,"asset_id":34914728,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54775989/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="484385" href="https://uni-sofia.academia.edu/PavelPavlovitch">Pavel Pavlovitch</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="484385" type="text/json">{"id":484385,"first_name":"Pavel","last_name":"Pavlovitch","domain_name":"uni-sofia","page_name":"PavelPavlovitch","display_name":"Pavel Pavlovitch","profile_url":"https://uni-sofia.academia.edu/PavelPavlovitch?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/484385/374192/27183174/s65_pavel.pavlovitch.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34914728 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34914728"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34914728, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34914728", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_34914728 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34914728; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_34914728"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_34914728 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34914728"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34914728; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34914728]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34914728").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34914728").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34914728"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3773" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literary_Criticism">Literary Criticism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3773" type="text/json">{"id":3773,"name":"Literary Criticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literary_Criticism?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14544" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Numismatics">Islamic Numismatics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14544" type="text/json">{"id":14544,"name":"Islamic Numismatics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Numismatics?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15967" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_">Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15967" type="text/json">{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17003" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Islam">Early Islam</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17003" type="text/json">{"id":17003,"name":"Early Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Islam?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34914728]'), work: {"id":34914728,"title":"The Sira (السيرة النبوية)","created_at":"2017-10-21T02:57:58.477-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34914728/The_Sira_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9_?f_ri=15967","dom_id":"work_34914728","summary":"This essay presents the positivist perception of the prophetic biography (sīra) and early Islamic historiography as capable of yielding hard historical data against the background of skeptical approaches to the Islamic literary sources and compares it with external literary, epigraphic, and numismatic evidence. The essay calls for a systematic use of modern-day classifying categories, such as ‘myth’, ‘legend’, and ‘saga,’ which can be epistemologically misleading, if applied on sīra traditions in an undisciplined manner. At the end of the essay, I have attached my translation into Arabic of its part “Sīra and Poetry”.\n\nKeywords: sira, prophetic biography, myth, legend, Geistesbeschäftigung, salvation history, isnad-cum-matn analysis, fictionalization, epigraphic evidence, numismatic evidence.\n====================================================================================================================\nأقارن في هذا المقال بين النظرة الإيجابية في السيرة النبوية والمصادر التاريخية المبكرة، وهي نظرة قائبة بأنّه من شأن هذه المؤلفات توفير المعلومات التاريخية الثابتة، من جهة، وبين النظرة الارتيابية في المصادر ذاتها، من جهة أخرى، مستنجدا بالقرائن الخارجية من الأدبية والنقشية والنُّمِّية. كما أني أدعو إلى الاستعمال المنضبط لمفاهيم التصنيف الأدبي كـ\"الميث\" و\"الأسطورة\" و\"الساغا\" التي قد تؤدي الى متاهة منهجية حالَ تطبيقها العشوائي بالنسبة للسيرة النبوية. وفي نهاية المقال يجد القارئ ترجمتي إلى اللغة العربية للفصل \"السيرة والشعر\".","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54775989,"asset_id":34914728,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":484385,"first_name":"Pavel","last_name":"Pavlovitch","domain_name":"uni-sofia","page_name":"PavelPavlovitch","display_name":"Pavel Pavlovitch","profile_url":"https://uni-sofia.academia.edu/PavelPavlovitch?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/484385/374192/27183174/s65_pavel.pavlovitch.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3773,"name":"Literary Criticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literary_Criticism?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":14544,"name":"Islamic Numismatics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Numismatics?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":17003,"name":"Early Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Islam?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":34415,"name":"Medieval Islamic Numismatics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Islamic_Numismatics?f_ri=15967"},{"id":42055,"name":"Early Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Islamic_History?f_ri=15967"},{"id":176767,"name":"Sirah Nabawiyah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sirah_Nabawiyah?f_ri=15967"},{"id":251266,"name":"Islamic Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Epigraphy?f_ri=15967"},{"id":758381,"name":"André Jolles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Andre_Jolles?f_ri=15967"},{"id":1005280,"name":"Sirat un Nabi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sirat_un_Nabi?f_ri=15967"},{"id":1009755,"name":"Isnad","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Isnad?f_ri=15967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36951072" data-work_id="36951072" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36951072/Periodisation_and_the_fut%C5%AB%E1%B8%A5_Making_Sense_of_Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad_s_Leadership_of_the_Conquests_in_non_Muslim_Sources_Arabica_69_2022_pp_96_145_">Periodisation and the futūḥ: Making Sense of Muḥammad’s Leadership of the Conquests in non-Muslim Sources (Arabica 69, 2022, pp. 96-145)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The past few decades have witnessed a proliferation of theories on the origins of Islam which have called into question long-held scholarly axioms. One such axiom is the traditional date of 632 CE for the death of the prophet Muhammad,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36951072" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The past few decades have witnessed a proliferation of theories on the origins of Islam which have called into question long-held scholarly axioms. One such axiom is the traditional date of 632 CE for the death of the prophet Muhammad, which some scholars have now sought to redate to after the beginning of the Muslim conquests on the basis of the evidence of non-Muslim sources. The present contribution aims to demonstrate that the prima facie disharmony between these sources and Muslim accounts of Muhammad’s life and the conquests is a product of the reading imposed on both sets of data, which primarily has to do with the fact that, more often than not, modern scholarship unsuspectingly operates within the rigid framework of the classical periodisation of early Islamic history. Therefore, a revision of either the traditional date of Muhammad’s death or the starting date of the conquests based on this evidence is uncalled for.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36951072" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="09bde31866ff9be7066415b3b8a418ad" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":88205723,"asset_id":36951072,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88205723/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3373213" href="https://aku.academia.edu/mayshaddel">Mehdy Shaddel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3373213" type="text/json">{"id":3373213,"first_name":"Mehdy","last_name":"Shaddel","domain_name":"aku","page_name":"mayshaddel","display_name":"Mehdy Shaddel","profile_url":"https://aku.academia.edu/mayshaddel?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3373213/1310566/156569910/s65_mehdy_may_.shaddel.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36951072 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36951072"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36951072, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36951072", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_36951072 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36951072; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_36951072"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_36951072 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36951072"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36951072; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36951072]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36951072").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36951072").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36951072"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="990" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_History">Late Antique and Byzantine History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="990" type="text/json">{"id":990,"name":"Late Antique and Byzantine History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_History?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6869" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies">Qur'anic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6869" type="text/json">{"id":6869,"name":"Qur'anic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7983" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies-1">Quranic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7983" type="text/json">{"id":7983,"name":"Quranic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies-1?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11076" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity">Late Antiquity</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11076" type="text/json">{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36951072]'), work: {"id":36951072,"title":"Periodisation and the futūḥ: Making Sense of Muḥammad’s Leadership of the Conquests in non-Muslim Sources (Arabica 69, 2022, pp. 96-145)","created_at":"2018-06-30T23:28:12.289-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36951072/Periodisation_and_the_fut%C5%AB%E1%B8%A5_Making_Sense_of_Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad_s_Leadership_of_the_Conquests_in_non_Muslim_Sources_Arabica_69_2022_pp_96_145_?f_ri=15967","dom_id":"work_36951072","summary":"The past few decades have witnessed a proliferation of theories on the origins of Islam which have called into question long-held scholarly axioms. One such axiom is the traditional date of 632 CE for the death of the prophet Muhammad, which some scholars have now sought to redate to after the beginning of the Muslim conquests on the basis of the evidence of non-Muslim sources. The present contribution aims to demonstrate that the prima facie disharmony between these sources and Muslim accounts of Muhammad’s life and the conquests is a product of the reading imposed on both sets of data, which primarily has to do with the fact that, more often than not, modern scholarship unsuspectingly operates within the rigid framework of the classical periodisation of early Islamic history. Therefore, a revision of either the traditional date of Muhammad’s death or the starting date of the conquests based on this evidence is uncalled for.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":88205723,"asset_id":36951072,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3373213,"first_name":"Mehdy","last_name":"Shaddel","domain_name":"aku","page_name":"mayshaddel","display_name":"Mehdy Shaddel","profile_url":"https://aku.academia.edu/mayshaddel?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3373213/1310566/156569910/s65_mehdy_may_.shaddel.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":990,"name":"Late Antique and Byzantine History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_History?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":6869,"name":"Qur'anic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":7983,"name":"Quranic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies-1?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=15967"},{"id":15143,"name":"Syriac Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syriac_Studies?f_ri=15967"},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=15967"},{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=15967"},{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967"},{"id":165257,"name":"Islamic Historiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Historiography?f_ri=15967"},{"id":250021,"name":"Biography of the Prophet Muhammad","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biography_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad?f_ri=15967"},{"id":1223687,"name":"Quran and Tafsir Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quran_and_Tafsir_Studies?f_ri=15967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38941116" data-work_id="38941116" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38941116/_The_Satanic_Verses_in_Early_Shi%CA%BFite_Literature_A_Minority_Report_on_Shahab_Ahmed_s_Before_Orthodoxy_Shii_Studies_Review_3_2019_215_252">"The Satanic Verses in Early Shiʿite Literature: A Minority Report on Shahab Ahmed’s Before Orthodoxy," Shii Studies Review 3 (2019): 215-252.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">A review article of Shahab Ahmed’s posthumously published monograph, Before Orthodoxy: The Satanic Verses in Early Islam (HUP, 2017)</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38941116" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dfdf7171e592313a8cac8063d5b52e2d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59113859,"asset_id":38941116,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59113859/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="55708" href="https://osu.academia.edu/SeanAnthony">Sean W . Anthony</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="55708" type="text/json">{"id":55708,"first_name":"Sean","last_name":"Anthony","domain_name":"osu","page_name":"SeanAnthony","display_name":"Sean W . Anthony","profile_url":"https://osu.academia.edu/SeanAnthony?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/55708/16526/4449214/s65_sean.anthony.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38941116 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38941116"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38941116, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38941116", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_38941116 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38941116; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_38941116"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_38941116 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38941116"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38941116; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38941116]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38941116").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38941116").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38941116"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7983" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies-1">Quranic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7983" type="text/json">{"id":7983,"name":"Quranic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies-1?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11150" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies">Islamic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11150" type="text/json">{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11154" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shiism">Shi'ism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11154" type="text/json">{"id":11154,"name":"Shi'ism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shiism?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15799" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hadith_Studies">Hadith Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15799" type="text/json">{"id":15799,"name":"Hadith Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hadith_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38941116]'), work: {"id":38941116,"title":"\"The Satanic Verses in Early Shiʿite Literature: A Minority Report on Shahab Ahmed’s Before Orthodoxy,\" Shii Studies Review 3 (2019): 215-252.","created_at":"2019-04-26T13:05:19.502-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38941116/_The_Satanic_Verses_in_Early_Shi%CA%BFite_Literature_A_Minority_Report_on_Shahab_Ahmed_s_Before_Orthodoxy_Shii_Studies_Review_3_2019_215_252?f_ri=15967","dom_id":"work_38941116","summary":"A review article of Shahab Ahmed’s posthumously published monograph, Before Orthodoxy: The Satanic Verses in Early Islam (HUP, 2017)","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59113859,"asset_id":38941116,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":55708,"first_name":"Sean","last_name":"Anthony","domain_name":"osu","page_name":"SeanAnthony","display_name":"Sean W . Anthony","profile_url":"https://osu.academia.edu/SeanAnthony?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/55708/16526/4449214/s65_sean.anthony.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7983,"name":"Quranic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies-1?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":11154,"name":"Shi'ism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shiism?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15799,"name":"Hadith Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hadith_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=15967"},{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35549725" data-work_id="35549725" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35549725/%C4%B0lk_D%C3%B6nem_%C4%B0slam_Tarihi_Ekonomik_Hayatta_K%C3%B6lelik_ve_Cariyelik_Slavery_and_Concubinage_within_Terms_of_Their_Economic_Lifestyles_in_Early_Islamic_Historical_Period">İlk Dönem İslam Tarihi Ekonomik Hayatta Kölelik ve Cariyelik = Slavery and Concubinage within Terms of Their Economic Lifestyles in Early Islamic Historical Period.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Slavery was still in effect mercilessly when Islam was born. Slaves were people living miserable lives who hoped to find salvation from the boundaries of others, and society treated them as commercial property for sale. Islam made... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35549725" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Slavery was still in effect mercilessly when Islam was born. Slaves were people living miserable lives who hoped to find salvation from the boundaries of others, and society treated them as commercial property for sale. Islam made significant reforms in slavery. This articles delves into the issues of the slave trade/markets, slaves' economic buitability and qualifications, jobs that focused primarily on slavery, as well as slave prices and the number of slaves in society in the early Islamic period. <br />Key Words: The Prophet Mohammad, The Rashidun Caliphs, Umayyads, economics, slaves, concubines.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35549725" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="25c6f3c79ff2dc635115626a958f2455" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55415115,"asset_id":35549725,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55415115/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="60584194" href="https://netbim.academia.edu/AliHatalm%C4%B1%C5%9F">Ali Hatalmış</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="60584194" type="text/json">{"id":60584194,"first_name":"Ali","last_name":"Hatalmış","domain_name":"netbim","page_name":"AliHatalmış","display_name":"Ali Hatalmış","profile_url":"https://netbim.academia.edu/AliHatalm%C4%B1%C5%9F?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/60584194/15773834/16304034/s65_ali.hatalm_.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35549725 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35549725"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35549725, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35549725", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35549725]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35549725").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35549725").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35549725"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6283" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery">History of Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6283" type="text/json">{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15802" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Umayyads_Islamic_History_">Umayyads (Islamic History)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15802" type="text/json">{"id":15802,"name":"Umayyads (Islamic History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Umayyads_Islamic_History_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15967" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_">Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15967" type="text/json">{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1184249" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rashidun_Caliphate">Rashidun Caliphate</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1184249" type="text/json">{"id":1184249,"name":"Rashidun Caliphate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rashidun_Caliphate?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35549725]'), work: {"id":35549725,"title":"İlk Dönem İslam Tarihi Ekonomik Hayatta Kölelik ve Cariyelik = Slavery and Concubinage within Terms of Their Economic Lifestyles in Early Islamic Historical Period.","created_at":"2018-01-01T00:06:14.131-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35549725/%C4%B0lk_D%C3%B6nem_%C4%B0slam_Tarihi_Ekonomik_Hayatta_K%C3%B6lelik_ve_Cariyelik_Slavery_and_Concubinage_within_Terms_of_Their_Economic_Lifestyles_in_Early_Islamic_Historical_Period?f_ri=15967","dom_id":"work_35549725","summary":"Slavery was still in effect mercilessly when Islam was born. Slaves were people living miserable lives who hoped to find salvation from the boundaries of others, and society treated them as commercial property for sale. Islam made significant reforms in slavery. This articles delves into the issues of the slave trade/markets, slaves' economic buitability and qualifications, jobs that focused primarily on slavery, as well as slave prices and the number of slaves in society in the early Islamic period.\r\nKey Words: The Prophet Mohammad, The Rashidun Caliphs, Umayyads, economics, slaves, concubines.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55415115,"asset_id":35549725,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":60584194,"first_name":"Ali","last_name":"Hatalmış","domain_name":"netbim","page_name":"AliHatalmış","display_name":"Ali Hatalmış","profile_url":"https://netbim.academia.edu/AliHatalm%C4%B1%C5%9F?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/60584194/15773834/16304034/s65_ali.hatalm_.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15802,"name":"Umayyads (Islamic History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Umayyads_Islamic_History_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":1184249,"name":"Rashidun Caliphate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rashidun_Caliphate?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35539821" data-work_id="35539821" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35539821/%E8%81%96%E3%83%A0%E3%83%8F%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9E%E3%83%89_%E3%81%9D%E3%81%AE%E6%99%AE%E9%81%8D%E7%9A%84%E6%95%99%E3%81%88_Vol_1_Muhammad_Japanese_vol1_Hz_Muhammed_ve_Evrensel_Mesaj%C4%B1_Japonca_">聖ムハンマドその普遍的教え Vol.1 Muhammad (Japanese) vol1 [Hz. Muhammed ve Evrensel Mesajı, Japonca]</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">聖ムハンマドその普遍的教え, Tokyo 2011, vol. 1 <br />Hz. Muhammed ve Evrensel Mesajı (Japonca Çevirisi, Cilt 1)</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35539821" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cb4e112542b79cc9d7b20f1cfe5b6b93" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55440587,"asset_id":35539821,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55440587/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="66606674" href="https://ankara.academia.edu/IbrahimSaricam">İbrahim Sarıçam</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="66606674" type="text/json">{"id":66606674,"first_name":"İbrahim","last_name":"Sarıçam","domain_name":"ankara","page_name":"IbrahimSaricam","display_name":"İbrahim Sarıçam","profile_url":"https://ankara.academia.edu/IbrahimSaricam?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/66606674/17342391/22952349/s65_i_brahim.sar_am.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35539821 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35539821"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35539821, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35539821", }); 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Muhammed ve Evrensel Mesajı, Japonca]","created_at":"2017-12-30T01:10:32.010-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35539821/%E8%81%96%E3%83%A0%E3%83%8F%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9E%E3%83%89_%E3%81%9D%E3%81%AE%E6%99%AE%E9%81%8D%E7%9A%84%E6%95%99%E3%81%88_Vol_1_Muhammad_Japanese_vol1_Hz_Muhammed_ve_Evrensel_Mesaj%C4%B1_Japonca_?f_ri=15967","dom_id":"work_35539821","summary":"聖ムハンマドその普遍的教え, Tokyo 2011, vol. 1\r\nHz. Muhammed ve Evrensel Mesajı (Japonca Çevirisi, Cilt 1)","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55440587,"asset_id":35539821,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":66606674,"first_name":"İbrahim","last_name":"Sarıçam","domain_name":"ankara","page_name":"IbrahimSaricam","display_name":"İbrahim Sarıçam","profile_url":"https://ankara.academia.edu/IbrahimSaricam?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/66606674/17342391/22952349/s65_i_brahim.sar_am.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":250021,"name":"Biography of the Prophet Muhammad","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biography_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37741495" data-work_id="37741495" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37741495/Hz_Peygamberin_Aile_Bireylerinin_Cenaze_Merasimleri">Hz Peygamberin Aile Bireylerinin Cenaze Merasimleri</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Vefat her ne kadar ferdî bir hâdise olarak görülse de aslında, sonrasında düzenlenen cenaze merâsimiyle içinde geleneği, toplumun kabullerini barındıran sosyal bir hâdisedir. Bu yönüyle cenazeler, kişinin öldüğü andan başlayarak defin... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37741495" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Vefat her ne kadar ferdî bir hâdise olarak görülse de aslında, sonrasında düzenlenen cenaze merâsimiyle içinde geleneği, toplumun kabullerini barındıran sosyal bir hâdisedir. Bu yönüyle cenazeler, kişinin öldüğü andan başlayarak defin sürecinin tamamlanmasına ve hatta taziyenin son bulmasına kadar çeşitli âdetlerin uygulandığı, insanların bir arada olduğu süreçlerdir. Ayrıca cenaze merasimlerinin her bir aşamasında dinin prensipleri, en belirleyici faktörlerden biridir. Dolayısıyla onlar, din ve geleneğin etkili oldukları ve her ikisi tarafından da şekillendirilen sosyal olaylardır. Hz. Peygamber'in ailesinin cenaze merâsimleri, Resulullah'ın cenaze sünnetlerinin en bâriz görüleceği hâdiselerdir. Gerek kendisi hayatta iken gerekse onun vefatından sonra ahirete intikal eden aile bireylerinin cenazeleri, bir taraftan bu sünnetlerin uygulanışını ortaya koyarken bir taraftan da ilk İslâm toplumunun âdet ve geleneklerini de göz önüne sermektedir.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37741495" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f04697b9a8a9cb8bd3ab16ba4c545488" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57736618,"asset_id":37741495,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57736618/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6903934" href="https://ksu-tr.academia.edu/FBK">Feyza Betül Köse</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6903934" type="text/json">{"id":6903934,"first_name":"Feyza Betül","last_name":"Köse","domain_name":"ksu-tr","page_name":"FBK","display_name":"Feyza Betül Köse","profile_url":"https://ksu-tr.academia.edu/FBK?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6903934/2762451/20478997/s65_feyza_bet_l.k_se.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37741495 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37741495"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37741495, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37741495", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37741495]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37741495").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37741495").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37741495"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11150" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies">Islamic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11150" type="text/json">{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15800" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History">Islamic History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15800" type="text/json">{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15967" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_">Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15967" type="text/json">{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37741495]'), work: {"id":37741495,"title":"Hz Peygamberin Aile Bireylerinin Cenaze Merasimleri","created_at":"2018-11-10T15:52:31.262-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37741495/Hz_Peygamberin_Aile_Bireylerinin_Cenaze_Merasimleri?f_ri=15967","dom_id":"work_37741495","summary":"Vefat her ne kadar ferdî bir hâdise olarak görülse de aslında, sonrasında düzenlenen cenaze merâsimiyle içinde geleneği, toplumun kabullerini barındıran sosyal bir hâdisedir. Bu yönüyle cenazeler, kişinin öldüğü andan başlayarak defin sürecinin tamamlanmasına ve hatta taziyenin son bulmasına kadar çeşitli âdetlerin uygulandığı, insanların bir arada olduğu süreçlerdir. Ayrıca cenaze merasimlerinin her bir aşamasında dinin prensipleri, en belirleyici faktörlerden biridir. Dolayısıyla onlar, din ve geleneğin etkili oldukları ve her ikisi tarafından da şekillendirilen sosyal olaylardır. Hz. Peygamber'in ailesinin cenaze merâsimleri, Resulullah'ın cenaze sünnetlerinin en bâriz görüleceği hâdiselerdir. Gerek kendisi hayatta iken gerekse onun vefatından sonra ahirete intikal eden aile bireylerinin cenazeleri, bir taraftan bu sünnetlerin uygulanışını ortaya koyarken bir taraftan da ilk İslâm toplumunun âdet ve geleneklerini de göz önüne sermektedir. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57736618,"asset_id":37741495,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6903934,"first_name":"Feyza Betül","last_name":"Köse","domain_name":"ksu-tr","page_name":"FBK","display_name":"Feyza Betül Köse","profile_url":"https://ksu-tr.academia.edu/FBK?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6903934/2762451/20478997/s65_feyza_bet_l.k_se.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37664568" data-work_id="37664568" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37664568/Bir_Aile_Babas%C4%B1_Modeli_Olarak_Hz_Peygamber">Bir Aile Babası Modeli Olarak Hz. Peygamber</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Resulullah'ın Kurʼân-ı Kerîm tarafından deklare edilen örnek oluşu kuşkusuz sadece dinî alana münhasır değildir. Hz. Peygamber'in, dine taalluk eden meselelerde olduğu gibi günlük hayatımızda da biz Müslümanlara örnek olacağı izahtan... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37664568" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Resulullah'ın Kurʼân-ı Kerîm tarafından deklare edilen örnek oluşu kuşkusuz sadece dinî alana münhasır değildir. Hz. Peygamber'in, dine taalluk eden meselelerde olduğu gibi günlük hayatımızda da biz Müslümanlara örnek olacağı izahtan vârestedir. Hz. Peygamber'in mescid dışındaki en fazla zaman geçirdiği yer de bittabî evidir. Burada hanımlarının yanı sıra hem kendi öz çocukları hem eşlerinin daha önceki evliliklerinden olan üvey çocukları hem de azatlıları ve hizmetinde bulunanlar ile bir arada olmuştur. O günün kısıtlı fizikî ve maddî imkânları içerisinde bu tür bir yaşamın zorluğu hakkında fikir yürütülebilir. Bizim için asıl önemli olan ise Hz. Peygamber'in bu kadar farklı üyeleri bulunan bir ailenin babası olarak onlara yönelik tutum ve davranışlarının bugünkü hayatımızda sahip olduğu modellik değeridir. Bir Müslüman, aile hayatında da Resulullah'ı örnek ve model alması durumunda " Sizin için Resulullah'ta güzel bir örnek vardır " şeklindeki Kur'ân ayetinin gereğini yerine getirmiş ve sünnete uygun bir hayat yaşamış olacaktır. Giriş Müslümanlar için örnek ve model oluşu Kur'ân-ı Kerîm tarafından " Sizin için Allah Resûlü'nde güzel örnek vardır " ayetiyle tescil edilen Hz. Peygamber'in bir aile babası olarak da ümmetine en güzel örneği sunduğu ve mutlu bir aile hayatı yaşamak noktasında onun modelliğinin önemli katkılar sağlayacağı muhakkaktır. Bu, durum Allah Resûlü'nün yakınları tarafından da kabul edilmiş mesela Hz. Ebû Bekr, " Ailesine iyi davranma konusunda Peygamber'i örnek alın " demişti.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37664568" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fc380a0b880490d7f231a27102785887" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57652666,"asset_id":37664568,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57652666/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6903934" href="https://ksu-tr.academia.edu/FBK">Feyza Betül Köse</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6903934" type="text/json">{"id":6903934,"first_name":"Feyza Betül","last_name":"Köse","domain_name":"ksu-tr","page_name":"FBK","display_name":"Feyza Betül Köse","profile_url":"https://ksu-tr.academia.edu/FBK?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6903934/2762451/20478997/s65_feyza_bet_l.k_se.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37664568 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37664568"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37664568, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37664568", }); 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Peygamber","created_at":"2018-10-28T15:34:41.434-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37664568/Bir_Aile_Babas%C4%B1_Modeli_Olarak_Hz_Peygamber?f_ri=15967","dom_id":"work_37664568","summary":"Resulullah'ın Kurʼân-ı Kerîm tarafından deklare edilen örnek oluşu kuşkusuz sadece dinî alana münhasır değildir. Hz. Peygamber'in, dine taalluk eden meselelerde olduğu gibi günlük hayatımızda da biz Müslümanlara örnek olacağı izahtan vârestedir. Hz. Peygamber'in mescid dışındaki en fazla zaman geçirdiği yer de bittabî evidir. Burada hanımlarının yanı sıra hem kendi öz çocukları hem eşlerinin daha önceki evliliklerinden olan üvey çocukları hem de azatlıları ve hizmetinde bulunanlar ile bir arada olmuştur. O günün kısıtlı fizikî ve maddî imkânları içerisinde bu tür bir yaşamın zorluğu hakkında fikir yürütülebilir. Bizim için asıl önemli olan ise Hz. Peygamber'in bu kadar farklı üyeleri bulunan bir ailenin babası olarak onlara yönelik tutum ve davranışlarının bugünkü hayatımızda sahip olduğu modellik değeridir. Bir Müslüman, aile hayatında da Resulullah'ı örnek ve model alması durumunda \" Sizin için Resulullah'ta güzel bir örnek vardır \" şeklindeki Kur'ân ayetinin gereğini yerine getirmiş ve sünnete uygun bir hayat yaşamış olacaktır. Giriş Müslümanlar için örnek ve model oluşu Kur'ân-ı Kerîm tarafından \" Sizin için Allah Resûlü'nde güzel örnek vardır \" ayetiyle tescil edilen Hz. Peygamber'in bir aile babası olarak da ümmetine en güzel örneği sunduğu ve mutlu bir aile hayatı yaşamak noktasında onun modelliğinin önemli katkılar sağlayacağı muhakkaktır. Bu, durum Allah Resûlü'nün yakınları tarafından da kabul edilmiş mesela Hz. Ebû Bekr, \" Ailesine iyi davranma konusunda Peygamber'i örnek alın \" demişti. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57652666,"asset_id":37664568,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6903934,"first_name":"Feyza Betül","last_name":"Köse","domain_name":"ksu-tr","page_name":"FBK","display_name":"Feyza Betül Köse","profile_url":"https://ksu-tr.academia.edu/FBK?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6903934/2762451/20478997/s65_feyza_bet_l.k_se.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40720376" data-work_id="40720376" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40720376/Hicr%C3%AE_Birinci_As%C4%B1r_Sosyal_Hayat%C4%B1nda_Nebev%C3%AE_Ahlak_Tezah%C3%BCrleri">Hicrî Birinci Asır Sosyal Hayatında Nebevî Ahlak Tezahürleri</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">İslâm sadece inanç, hukuk ve ibadetten ibaret olmayıp aynı zamanda sosyal hayatı da düzenleyen bir dindir. İnanç ve ibadet kadar sosyal hayat ve ahlak da bu dinin kapsamına girmektedir. Dolayısıyla Hz. Peygamber’in tebliğ ettiği din,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40720376" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">İslâm sadece inanç, hukuk ve ibadetten ibaret olmayıp aynı zamanda<br />sosyal hayatı da düzenleyen bir dindir. İnanç ve ibadet kadar sosyal hayat ve ahlak da bu dinin kapsamına girmektedir. Dolayısıyla Hz. Peygamber’in tebliğ ettiği din, şekilleri belirlenmiş formel bir yapı değil, toplumun her tarafını kuşatan küllî bir sistemdir. Hicretle birlikte Medine’de gerçekleşen en büyük dönüşümün sosyal hayatta olduğu kanaatindeyiz. Sosyal hayatın pek çok alanında yaşanan bu dönüşümün en önemli ayaklarından birini de kabileciliğin baskıladığı insanları, İslâm toplumu çerçevesinde bireyselleştirmek oluşturmaktadır. İslâm öncesi dönemde bireyselliğin yerini kabile almış olsa da Hz. Peygamber’in modelliğinde bireyin bir “birey” olarak toplumda hatta ümmette bir karşılık bulması hedeflenmiştir. İslâm öncesinde sadece aile ve kabilesini düşünen Evs ve Hazrecli bir çiftçi, Hz. Peygamber ile birlikte Ensâr olarak Muhâcir kardeşi ile her şeyini paylaşıyor, zekâtla o toplumun fakirini doyuruyor, yardımlaşma ve saygı ile artık ümmetin bir parçası oluyordu. Öte yandan Hz. Peygamber’in çocukları sevdiğine şaşıran bedevînin tavrı, aslında Hz. Peygamber’in gerçekleştirdiği bu değişimin bireysel alandaki tezâhürü gibidir.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40720376" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9118ef99f6ad8c0e7a9f3d838a4c237b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61006597,"asset_id":40720376,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61006597/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6903934" href="https://ksu-tr.academia.edu/FBK">Feyza Betül Köse</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6903934" type="text/json">{"id":6903934,"first_name":"Feyza Betül","last_name":"Köse","domain_name":"ksu-tr","page_name":"FBK","display_name":"Feyza Betül Köse","profile_url":"https://ksu-tr.academia.edu/FBK?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6903934/2762451/20478997/s65_feyza_bet_l.k_se.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40720376 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40720376"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40720376, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40720376", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40720376]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40720376").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40720376").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40720376"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="814" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics">Ethics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="814" type="text/json">{"id":814,"name":"Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12391" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Islam">History of Islam</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12391" type="text/json">{"id":12391,"name":"History of Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Islam?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15800" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History">Islamic History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15800" type="text/json">{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40720376]'), work: {"id":40720376,"title":"Hicrî Birinci Asır Sosyal Hayatında Nebevî Ahlak Tezahürleri","created_at":"2019-10-24T09:03:16.429-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40720376/Hicr%C3%AE_Birinci_As%C4%B1r_Sosyal_Hayat%C4%B1nda_Nebev%C3%AE_Ahlak_Tezah%C3%BCrleri?f_ri=15967","dom_id":"work_40720376","summary":"İslâm sadece inanç, hukuk ve ibadetten ibaret olmayıp aynı zamanda\nsosyal hayatı da düzenleyen bir dindir. İnanç ve ibadet kadar sosyal hayat ve ahlak da bu dinin kapsamına girmektedir. Dolayısıyla Hz. Peygamber’in tebliğ ettiği din, şekilleri belirlenmiş formel bir yapı değil, toplumun her tarafını kuşatan küllî bir sistemdir. Hicretle birlikte Medine’de gerçekleşen en büyük dönüşümün sosyal hayatta olduğu kanaatindeyiz. Sosyal hayatın pek çok alanında yaşanan bu dönüşümün en önemli ayaklarından birini de kabileciliğin baskıladığı insanları, İslâm toplumu çerçevesinde bireyselleştirmek oluşturmaktadır. İslâm öncesi dönemde bireyselliğin yerini kabile almış olsa da Hz. Peygamber’in modelliğinde bireyin bir “birey” olarak toplumda hatta ümmette bir karşılık bulması hedeflenmiştir. İslâm öncesinde sadece aile ve kabilesini düşünen Evs ve Hazrecli bir çiftçi, Hz. Peygamber ile birlikte Ensâr olarak Muhâcir kardeşi ile her şeyini paylaşıyor, zekâtla o toplumun fakirini doyuruyor, yardımlaşma ve saygı ile artık ümmetin bir parçası oluyordu. Öte yandan Hz. Peygamber’in çocukları sevdiğine şaşıran bedevînin tavrı, aslında Hz. Peygamber’in gerçekleştirdiği bu değişimin bireysel alandaki tezâhürü gibidir.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61006597,"asset_id":40720376,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6903934,"first_name":"Feyza Betül","last_name":"Köse","domain_name":"ksu-tr","page_name":"FBK","display_name":"Feyza Betül Köse","profile_url":"https://ksu-tr.academia.edu/FBK?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6903934/2762451/20478997/s65_feyza_bet_l.k_se.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":814,"name":"Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":12391,"name":"History of Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Islam?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37416919" data-work_id="37416919" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37416919/Peygamberimin_Hayat%C4%B1_pdf">Peygamberimin Hayatı.pdf</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">© Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Yasası gereğince bu eserin yayın hakkı anlaşmalı olarak Siyer Yayınları'na aittir. İzinsiz, kısmen ya da tamamen çoğaltılıp yayınlanamaz.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37416919" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fed086889774ce3e043172fe7ef34d74" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58322779,"asset_id":37416919,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58322779/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="82347966" href="https://marmara.academia.edu/MahmutKelpetin">Mahmut Kelpetin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="82347966" type="text/json">{"id":82347966,"first_name":"Mahmut","last_name":"Kelpetin","domain_name":"marmara","page_name":"MahmutKelpetin","display_name":"Mahmut Kelpetin","profile_url":"https://marmara.academia.edu/MahmutKelpetin?f_ri=15967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37416919 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37416919"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37416919, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37416919", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_37416919 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37416919; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_37416919"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_37416919 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37416919"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37416919; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37416919]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37416919").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37416919").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37416919"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15967" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_">Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15967" type="text/json">{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37416919]'), work: {"id":37416919,"title":"Peygamberimin Hayatı.pdf","created_at":"2018-09-14T14:59:19.557-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37416919/Peygamberimin_Hayat%C4%B1_pdf?f_ri=15967","dom_id":"work_37416919","summary":"© Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Yasası gereğince bu eserin yayın hakkı anlaşmalı olarak Siyer Yayınları'na aittir. 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(Eds.), Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture; An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God, Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, Spring 2014.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This in-depth examination of the life, history, and influence of Muhammad as discussed by leading scholars provides a wide-ranging look at the prophet's legacy unlike any other in the field of Islamic and culture studies. Within the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5727209" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This in-depth examination of the life, history, and influence of Muhammad as discussed by leading scholars provides a wide-ranging look at the prophet's legacy unlike any other in the field of Islamic and culture studies. <br /> <br />Within the Islamic world, the prophet Muhammad's influence is profound. But even outside of the religion of Islam, this visionary had a wide-ranging impact on history, society, literature, art, philosophy, and theology. Within this work's more than 200 A–Z entries, internationally recognized scholars summarize views of Muhammad from the earliest editors of the Qu'ran to contemporary Muslim theologians. This detailed resource explores the traditions, ceremonies, and beliefs of Islam as they have spread worldwide, and examines Muhammad's role in other religious traditions as well as the secular world. <br /> <br />Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God distills 14 centuries of thinking about Muhammad, fully capturing his enduring legacy. This encyclopedia will benefit any reader seeking a greater understanding of the founder of Islam, the fastest-growing religion in the world. No other publication discusses Muhammad at such a high level of detail while remaining easily accessible to non-specialist, Western audiences. <br /> <br />Features <br />• Documents Muhammad's broad impact on history, culture, and society <br />• Shares viewpoints from more than 100 scholars in the field of Islamic studies to provide different perspectives on how Muhammad's life and beliefs have changed the course of history <br />• Explores Muhammad's changing image—and controversies over his depiction and the communication of his ideas—in art, music, and literature <br />• Provides an in-depth overview of Muhammad's influences on secular life and culture <br /> <br />Sample Topics <br />Animals <br />Architecture <br />Biography of the Prophet (Sira Literature) <br />Byzantium <br />Cinema <br />Ecology <br />Food <br />Islamic Law (Fiqh) <br />Medicine <br />Miracles <br />Muhammad through Western Eyes <br />Philosophy <br />Prophethood <br />Qur'an <br />Sufism</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5727209" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8ac4495a7fc7be29b611520790d03722" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37051636,"asset_id":5727209,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37051636/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8309842" href="https://radboud.academia.edu/AdamWalker%D8%A2%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B1">Adam Walker آدم وا(ل)كر</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8309842" type="text/json">{"id":8309842,"first_name":"Adam","last_name":"Walker آدم وا(ل)كر","domain_name":"radboud","page_name":"AdamWalkerآدموالكر","display_name":"Adam Walker آدم وا(ل)كر","profile_url":"https://radboud.academia.edu/AdamWalker%D8%A2%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B1?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8309842/2836759/14705951/s65_adam.walker_.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-5727209">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-5727209"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/CoeliFitzpatrick">Coeli Fitzpatrick</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-5727209'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-5727209').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_5727209 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="5727209"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5727209; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5727209]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5727209").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5727209").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5727209"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="540" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Law">Islamic Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="540" type="text/json">{"id":540,"name":"Islamic Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Law?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5674" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy">Islamic Philosophy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5674" type="text/json">{"id":5674,"name":"Islamic Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6869" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies">Qur'anic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6869" type="text/json">{"id":6869,"name":"Qur'anic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11150" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies">Islamic Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11150" type="text/json">{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5727209]'), work: {"id":5727209,"title":"Fitzpatrick, C. \u0026 Walker, A. (Eds.), Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture; An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God, Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, Spring 2014.","created_at":"2014-01-15T09:14:55.543-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5727209/Fitzpatrick_C_and_Walker_A_Eds_Muhammad_in_History_Thought_and_Culture_An_Encyclopedia_of_the_Prophet_of_God_Santa_Barbara_ABC_CLIO_Spring_2014?f_ri=15967","dom_id":"work_5727209","summary":"This in-depth examination of the life, history, and influence of Muhammad as discussed by leading scholars provides a wide-ranging look at the prophet's legacy unlike any other in the field of Islamic and culture studies.\r\n\r\nWithin the Islamic world, the prophet Muhammad's influence is profound. But even outside of the religion of Islam, this visionary had a wide-ranging impact on history, society, literature, art, philosophy, and theology. Within this work's more than 200 A–Z entries, internationally recognized scholars summarize views of Muhammad from the earliest editors of the Qu'ran to contemporary Muslim theologians. This detailed resource explores the traditions, ceremonies, and beliefs of Islam as they have spread worldwide, and examines Muhammad's role in other religious traditions as well as the secular world.\r\n\r\nMuhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God distills 14 centuries of thinking about Muhammad, fully capturing his enduring legacy. This encyclopedia will benefit any reader seeking a greater understanding of the founder of Islam, the fastest-growing religion in the world. No other publication discusses Muhammad at such a high level of detail while remaining easily accessible to non-specialist, Western audiences.\r\n\r\nFeatures\r\n• Documents Muhammad's broad impact on history, culture, and society\r\n• Shares viewpoints from more than 100 scholars in the field of Islamic studies to provide different perspectives on how Muhammad's life and beliefs have changed the course of history\r\n• Explores Muhammad's changing image—and controversies over his depiction and the communication of his ideas—in art, music, and literature\r\n• Provides an in-depth overview of Muhammad's influences on secular life and culture\r\n\r\nSample Topics\r\nAnimals\r\nArchitecture\r\nBiography of the Prophet (Sira Literature)\r\nByzantium\r\nCinema\r\nEcology\r\nFood\r\nIslamic Law (Fiqh)\r\nMedicine\r\nMiracles\r\nMuhammad through Western Eyes\r\nPhilosophy\r\nProphethood\r\nQur'an\r\nSufism","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37051636,"asset_id":5727209,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8309842,"first_name":"Adam","last_name":"Walker آدم وا(ل)كر","domain_name":"radboud","page_name":"AdamWalkerآدموالكر","display_name":"Adam Walker آدم وا(ل)كر","profile_url":"https://radboud.academia.edu/AdamWalker%D8%A2%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B1?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8309842/2836759/14705951/s65_adam.walker_.jpg"},{"id":10002425,"first_name":"Coeli","last_name":"Fitzpatrick","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"CoeliFitzpatrick","display_name":"Coeli Fitzpatrick","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/CoeliFitzpatrick?f_ri=15967","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":540,"name":"Islamic Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Law?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":5674,"name":"Islamic Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":6869,"name":"Qur'anic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=15967"},{"id":11155,"name":"Women and Gender Issues in Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Women_and_Gender_Issues_in_Islam?f_ri=15967"},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=15967"},{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=15967"},{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967"},{"id":151110,"name":"History of Shia Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Shia_Islam?f_ri=15967"},{"id":250021,"name":"Biography of the Prophet Muhammad","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biography_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad?f_ri=15967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43619768" data-work_id="43619768" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43619768/Islam_Between_Divine_Message_and_History">Islam: Between Divine Message and History</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">A translation of Abdelmajid Sharfi's الإسلام بين الرسالة والتاريخ</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43619768" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c0b1ef10213d346d49ca9cbe0e370cba" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63921917,"asset_id":43619768,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63921917/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="30825589" href="https://upenn.academia.edu/HudaFakhreddine">Huda Fakhreddine</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="30825589" type="text/json">{"id":30825589,"first_name":"Huda","last_name":"Fakhreddine","domain_name":"upenn","page_name":"HudaFakhreddine","display_name":"Huda Fakhreddine","profile_url":"https://upenn.academia.edu/HudaFakhreddine?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/30825589/10005612/38536241/s65_huda.fakhreddine.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43619768 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43619768"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43619768, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43619768", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_43619768 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43619768; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_43619768"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_43619768 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="43619768"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43619768; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43619768]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43619768").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43619768").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43619768"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2722" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics">Arabic Language and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2722" type="text/json">{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7983" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies-1">Quranic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7983" type="text/json">{"id":7983,"name":"Quranic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies-1?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11150" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies">Islamic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11150" type="text/json">{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15800" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History">Islamic History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15800" type="text/json">{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43619768]'), work: {"id":43619768,"title":"Islam: Between Divine Message and History","created_at":"2020-07-14T12:49:03.686-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43619768/Islam_Between_Divine_Message_and_History?f_ri=15967","dom_id":"work_43619768","summary":"A translation of Abdelmajid Sharfi's الإسلام بين الرسالة والتاريخ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63921917,"asset_id":43619768,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":63921916,"asset_id":43619768,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":30825589,"first_name":"Huda","last_name":"Fakhreddine","domain_name":"upenn","page_name":"HudaFakhreddine","display_name":"Huda Fakhreddine","profile_url":"https://upenn.academia.edu/HudaFakhreddine?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/30825589/10005612/38536241/s65_huda.fakhreddine.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":7983,"name":"Quranic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies-1?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967"},{"id":176767,"name":"Sirah Nabawiyah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sirah_Nabawiyah?f_ri=15967"},{"id":330018,"name":"Arabic-English translation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic-English_translation?f_ri=15967"},{"id":1223709,"name":"Islamic law and jurisprudence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_law_and_jurisprudence-1?f_ri=15967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38941917" data-work_id="38941917" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38941917/Hikmah_behind_the_marriages_of_Mohammad_Rasulullah_S_">Hikmah behind the marriages of Mohammad Rasulullah (S)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Abstract: Rasulullah(S) could have easily gotten multiple gorgeous women as his wives or concubines had he so desired. However, except Ayesha, all his wives were divorced, widowed, or slaves. All of these marriages were divinely ordained... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38941917" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Abstract: Rasulullah(S) could have easily gotten multiple gorgeous women as his wives or concubines had he so desired. However, except Ayesha, all his wives were divorced, widowed, or slaves.  All of these marriages were divinely ordained and had Hikmah (divine wisdom) and valid reasons behind them. Some of them were helping a pious Muslim woman whose husband had been slain in the cause of Islam, freeing those captives of war belonging to an honourable lineage, and achieving political allies for the cause of Islam. Some marriages were entered into in the hope of establishing cordial relationships with some influential tribes in order to reduce their enmity towards Islam. Rasulullah(S) removed racial, cultural, tribal, and national distinctions and prejudices through his marriages. The prime reason for his marriages was to unite the Muslim community with love and affection. During the era of Jahiliyyah, a divorced woman was considered inferior in status and the rich man would usually prefer to have them as concubines rather than marry them. By marrying a divorced lady, Rasulullah(S) set a precedent that it is legal as well as noble to marry a divorcee and elevate her status in society.  Some of Rasulullah’s(S) marriages were in order to wipe out certain prevailing evil customs and practices. An adopted son was considered as one’s own back in the day which Islam disallowed and Rasulullah (S) married his cousin Zaynab who was earlier the wife of his adopted son Zaid. Thus, he removed the custom that Nikah was illegal with the former wife of an adopted son. Likewise, prisoners of wars were kept as slave girls but never married. To eradicate this evil practice Rasulullah(S) set an example and married two captive women.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38941917" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4691756fb0d032413f5cd6735d66b643" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67410860,"asset_id":38941917,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67410860/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15301311" href="https://durrenajaf.academia.edu/QaziBorhany">Qazi Dr. Shaikh Abbas Borhany al-Waleed</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15301311" type="text/json">{"id":15301311,"first_name":"Qazi Dr. Shaikh Abbas","last_name":"Borhany al-Waleed","domain_name":"durrenajaf","page_name":"QaziBorhany","display_name":"Qazi Dr. Shaikh Abbas Borhany al-Waleed","profile_url":"https://durrenajaf.academia.edu/QaziBorhany?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15301311/4125672/28904739/s65_qazi_dr._shaikh_abbas.borhany.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38941917 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38941917"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38941917, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38941917", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38941917]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38941917").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38941917").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38941917"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="540" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Law">Islamic Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="540" type="text/json">{"id":540,"name":"Islamic Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Law?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1909" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Family_studies">Family studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1909" type="text/json">{"id":1909,"name":"Family studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Family_studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3059" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion_and_Politics">Religion and Politics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3059" type="text/json">{"id":3059,"name":"Religion and Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion_and_Politics?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4941" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marriage_and_Family_Therapy">Marriage & Family Therapy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4941" type="text/json">{"id":4941,"name":"Marriage \u0026 Family Therapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marriage_and_Family_Therapy?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38941917]'), work: {"id":38941917,"title":"Hikmah behind the marriages of Mohammad Rasulullah (S)","created_at":"2019-04-26T16:23:06.802-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38941917/Hikmah_behind_the_marriages_of_Mohammad_Rasulullah_S_?f_ri=15967","dom_id":"work_38941917","summary":"Abstract: Rasulullah(S) could have easily gotten multiple gorgeous women as his wives or concubines had he so desired. However, except Ayesha, all his wives were divorced, widowed, or slaves. All of these marriages were divinely ordained and had Hikmah (divine wisdom) and valid reasons behind them. Some of them were helping a pious Muslim woman whose husband had been slain in the cause of Islam, freeing those captives of war belonging to an honourable lineage, and achieving political allies for the cause of Islam. Some marriages were entered into in the hope of establishing cordial relationships with some influential tribes in order to reduce their enmity towards Islam. Rasulullah(S) removed racial, cultural, tribal, and national distinctions and prejudices through his marriages. The prime reason for his marriages was to unite the Muslim community with love and affection. During the era of Jahiliyyah, a divorced woman was considered inferior in status and the rich man would usually prefer to have them as concubines rather than marry them. By marrying a divorced lady, Rasulullah(S) set a precedent that it is legal as well as noble to marry a divorcee and elevate her status in society. Some of Rasulullah’s(S) marriages were in order to wipe out certain prevailing evil customs and practices. An adopted son was considered as one’s own back in the day which Islam disallowed and Rasulullah (S) married his cousin Zaynab who was earlier the wife of his adopted son Zaid. Thus, he removed the custom that Nikah was illegal with the former wife of an adopted son. Likewise, prisoners of wars were kept as slave girls but never married. To eradicate this evil practice Rasulullah(S) set an example and married two captive women.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67410860,"asset_id":38941917,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15301311,"first_name":"Qazi Dr. Shaikh Abbas","last_name":"Borhany al-Waleed","domain_name":"durrenajaf","page_name":"QaziBorhany","display_name":"Qazi Dr. Shaikh Abbas Borhany al-Waleed","profile_url":"https://durrenajaf.academia.edu/QaziBorhany?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15301311/4125672/28904739/s65_qazi_dr._shaikh_abbas.borhany.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":540,"name":"Islamic Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Law?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":1909,"name":"Family studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Family_studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":3059,"name":"Religion and Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion_and_Politics?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":4941,"name":"Marriage \u0026 Family Therapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marriage_and_Family_Therapy?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":5196,"name":"Muslim Family Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Muslim_Family_Law?f_ri=15967"},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=15967"},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=15967"},{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967"},{"id":32809,"name":"Wisdom Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wisdom_Literature?f_ri=15967"},{"id":35081,"name":"Islamic Intellectual History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Intellectual_History?f_ri=15967"},{"id":45018,"name":"Islamic History and Muslim Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization?f_ri=15967"},{"id":55112,"name":"Oriental Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oriental_Studies?f_ri=15967"},{"id":66015,"name":"Shariah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shariah?f_ri=15967"},{"id":83516,"name":"Polygamy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polygamy?f_ri=15967"},{"id":95178,"name":"Islamic Classical Jurisprudence (fiqh)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Classical_Jurisprudence_fiqh_?f_ri=15967"},{"id":176767,"name":"Sirah Nabawiyah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sirah_Nabawiyah?f_ri=15967"},{"id":250021,"name":"Biography of the Prophet Muhammad","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biography_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad?f_ri=15967"},{"id":259691,"name":"Shariah and Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shariah_and_Law?f_ri=15967"},{"id":296926,"name":"Islamic Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Culture?f_ri=15967"},{"id":1118270,"name":"Islamic Culture and Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Culture_and_Civilization-1?f_ri=15967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10426620" data-work_id="10426620" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10426620/Islamic_Studies_in_Brief_4_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_4_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A2%D8%AB%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D9%87%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF">Islamic Studies in Brief(4)-پاره هاي اسلام شناسي (4) بررسي آثار رابرت هويلند</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10426620" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8b6e52afce944ef4e59d5ce29b7b37f2" rel="nofollow" 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هويلند","created_at":"2015-02-01T01:25:18.896-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10426620/Islamic_Studies_in_Brief_4_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_4_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A2%D8%AB%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D9%87%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF?f_ri=15967","dom_id":"work_10426620","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36471586,"asset_id":10426620,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":484436,"first_name":"Mohammad","last_name":"Rafiee","domain_name":"samt","page_name":"MohammadRafiee","display_name":"Mohammad H O S S E I N Rafiee","profile_url":"https://samt.academia.edu/MohammadRafiee?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/484436/546964/36348348/s65_mohammad.rafiee.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5326,"name":"Early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":17003,"name":"Early Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Islam?f_ri=15967"},{"id":250021,"name":"Biography of the Prophet Muhammad","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biography_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad?f_ri=15967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48202196" data-work_id="48202196" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48202196/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%A8_%E0%B4%A4_%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%A8_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A6_%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4_%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%86_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%AA_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9F_%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A0_%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%AC_%E0%B4%A6_%E0%B4%AA_%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%82_Pa%E1%B9%ADapp%C4%81%E1%B9%AD%E1%B9%ADus_in_the_Indian_Ocean_Part_1_">ഇന്ത്യന്‍ മഹാസമുദ്രത്തിലെ പടപ്പാട്ടുകളും പാഠ-ശബ്ദ പ്രചാരവും (Paṭappāṭṭus in the Indian Ocean, Part -1)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized"><a href="https://thelicham.com/essay/indian_ocean_circulation_of_text_sound_padappattu/" rel="nofollow">https://thelicham.com/essay/indian_ocean_circulation_of_text_sound_padappattu/</a> This study concerns the Paṭappāṭṭu (War Songs) genre of eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, surviving among the Muslims of Malabar, ashore of the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_48202196" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden"><a href="https://thelicham.com/essay/indian_ocean_circulation_of_text_sound_padappattu/" rel="nofollow">https://thelicham.com/essay/indian_ocean_circulation_of_text_sound_padappattu/</a> <br />This study concerns the Paṭappāṭṭu (War Songs) genre of eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, surviving among the Muslims of Malabar, ashore of the southwestern Indian coast of the Indian Ocean. It explores the genesis of the Paṭappāṭṭus in a colonial historical time connected through the Indian Ocean, and its textual and meta-textual claims to be part of Arabic, Persian and Sanskrit literary traditions.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48202196" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6471b098b560dd8a617432fb364c1833" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66919294,"asset_id":48202196,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66919294/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="43067200" href="https://chicago.academia.edu/Chappangan">Ihsan Ul-Ihthisam</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="43067200" type="text/json">{"id":43067200,"first_name":"Ihsan","last_name":"Ul-Ihthisam","domain_name":"chicago","page_name":"Chappangan","display_name":"Ihsan Ul-Ihthisam","profile_url":"https://chicago.academia.edu/Chappangan?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/43067200/16733677/41065726/s65_ihsan.ul_ihthisam.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48202196 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48202196"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48202196, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48202196", }); 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by iCAN Brisbance, Australia</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44488568" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a3ad155ea8bf589046f26e730a8676f6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64921166,"asset_id":44488568,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64921166/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa 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itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="54715574" href="https://hbku.academia.edu/MotazAlkhateeb">Mutaz Al-Khatib</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="54715574" type="text/json">{"id":54715574,"first_name":"Mutaz","last_name":"Al-Khatib","domain_name":"hbku","page_name":"MotazAlkhateeb","display_name":"Mutaz Al-Khatib","profile_url":"https://hbku.academia.edu/MotazAlkhateeb?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/54715574/14427949/39406660/s65_mutaz.al-khatib.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30459472 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30459472"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30459472, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30459472", }); });</script></li><li 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Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hadith_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15967" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_">Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15967" type="text/json">{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30459472]'), work: {"id":30459472,"title":"Methods of writing the prophetic biography/ حول مناهج كتابة السيرة 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class="summarized">Morosini's " Dante, il Profeta e il Libro" enquires on the relations between Christians and Muslims with a pan-Mediterranean approach, namely an approach that considers the sea as a space of transmission of knowledge from East to West.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41640107" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Morosini's  " Dante, il Profeta e il Libro" enquires on the relations between Christians and Muslims with a pan-Mediterranean approach, namely an approach that considers the sea as a space of transmission of knowledge from East to West.  Her book enquires in particular on the role of the Book in a byzantine legend against Muhammad the prophet of Islam. The study of this legend that features a celstial bull carrying the Koran to Muhammad, leads Morosini to discuss the representation of Islam and the mis-representation of Prophet in Dante's Comedy and in an enigmatic painting by Filippino Lippi wrongly called  "The Adoration of the Golden Calf" .<br /><br />Roberta Morosini is Full Professor  of Romance Languages and Literatures at Wake Forest University (NC). At the moment she has the Charles Speroni endowed chair at  UCLA.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41640107" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5a9e1f1585694c14f830e0f4a5f4251c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61794127,"asset_id":41640107,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61794127/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="152602" href="https://ucla.academia.edu/RobertaMorosini">Roberta Morosini</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="152602" type="text/json">{"id":152602,"first_name":"Roberta","last_name":"Morosini","domain_name":"ucla","page_name":"RobertaMorosini","display_name":"Roberta Morosini","profile_url":"https://ucla.academia.edu/RobertaMorosini?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/152602/91947/35334802/s65_roberta.morosini.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-41640107">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-41640107"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://iuo.academia.edu/MonicaRuocco">Monica Ruocco</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-41640107'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-41640107').html(); 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})();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7076607" data-work_id="7076607" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7076607/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B3_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D8%B5%D9%84%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87_%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%85">بيت المقدس في استراتيجية النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">يعدّ الفتح الإسلامي الأول لبيت المقدس في القرن السابع الميلاديّ نقطةَ تحول كبرى في تاريخ العالم في القرون الوسطى، ذلك لأن بيت المقدس كان يرزح تحت حكم واحدة من أقوى إمبراطوريات ذلك الزمان، ألا وهي الإمبراطورية البيزنطية. لذا كان لا بدّ... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7076607" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">يعدّ الفتح  الإسلامي الأول لبيت المقدس في القرن السابع الميلاديّ نقطةَ تحول كبرى في تاريخ العالم في القرون الوسطى، ذلك لأن بيت المقدس كان يرزح تحت حكم  واحدة من أقوى إمبراطوريات ذلك الزمان، ألا وهي الإمبراطورية البيزنطية. لذا كان لا بدّ أن يتطلب فتح بهذه العظمة والأهمية تحضيراتٍ كبيرةً وتخطيطًا على أعلى المستويات كي يتم الظفر به وبلوغ الغاية منه. وبينما يعزو معظم الناس، سواء كانوا من المختصين أو العامّة، الفضل في فتح بيت المقدس إلى الخليفة الراشد الثاني عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه، وينسبه آخرون إلى أبي بكرٍ الصديق، خليفة المسلمين الأول، رضي الله عنه. إلا أنّه قلّما يشارُ إلى دورِ النبي محمد ﷺ وخطتِه لفتح بيت المقدس، مع أنّ تأثيره لا يخفى في الأحداث والوقائع التي أدت إلى فتح تلك البلاد المقدسة. لذا جاء 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بهذه العظمة والأهمية تحضيراتٍ كبيرةً وتخطيطًا على أعلى المستويات كي يتم الظفر به وبلوغ الغاية منه. وبينما يعزو معظم الناس، سواء كانوا من المختصين أو العامّة، الفضل في فتح بيت المقدس إلى الخليفة الراشد الثاني عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه، وينسبه آخرون إلى أبي بكرٍ الصديق، خليفة المسلمين الأول، رضي الله عنه. إلا أنّه قلّما يشارُ إلى دورِ النبي محمد ﷺ وخطتِه لفتح بيت المقدس، مع أنّ تأثيره لا يخفى في الأحداث والوقائع التي أدت إلى فتح تلك البلاد المقدسة. لذا جاء هذا الكتاب ليسلط الضوء على دور النبي محمّد ﷺ في صياغة الفتح الإسلامي الأول لبيت المقدس. \r\nيتناول هذا الكتاب فرضية مفادها أنّ النبي محمدًا ﷺ هو من خططَ بداءةً وأصالةً للفتح الإسلامي لبيت المقدس. ووفق هذه الفرضيّة، فإن أبا بكر الصديق وعمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنهما إنّما قاما بتنفيذ خطة النبي ﷺ وتحقيق مراده. وبناءً على هذه الفرضية، فإن جميع الحملات العسكرية الإسلامية التي سبقت فتح تلك المدينة إنما كانت تطبيقًا لهذه الخطة. 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class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10977152" href="https://independent.academia.edu/WirlilikGundoyo">Wirlilik Gundoyo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10977152" type="text/json">{"id":10977152,"first_name":"Wirlilik","last_name":"Gundoyo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WirlilikGundoyo","display_name":"Wirlilik Gundoyo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WirlilikGundoyo?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10977152/45653515/35531470/s65_wirlilik.gundoyo.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44038428 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44038428"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44038428, 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Abdul-Hamid</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">And be good to the neighbour who is your relative and to the neighbour who is not a relative . . . (Qur'an, 4:36) Islam has great respect for the mutual rights and duties of neighbours. The Holy Prophet said: Jibra'1 always used to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36116668" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">And be good to the neighbour who is your relative and to the neighbour who is not a relative . . . (Qur'an, 4:36)<br /> <br />Islam has great respect for the mutual rights and duties of neighbours. The Holy Prophet said:<br /> <br />Jibra'1 always used to advise me to be generous with neighbours, till I thought that Allah was going to include the neighbours among the heirs of a Muslim.<br /> <br />The rights of neighbourhood are not meant for Muslim neighbours only. of course, a Muslim neighbour has one more claim upon us - that of Islamic brotherhood.<br /> <br /> <br />Explaining it, the Holy Prophet said:<br />Neighbours are of three kinds:<br /><br />(1) that one who has got one right upon you;<br /><br />(2) that one who has got two rights upon you;<br /><br />(3) that one who has got three rights upon you.<br /> <br />The neighbour having three rights upon you is the one who is also a Muslim and a relative. The neighbour having two rights is the one who is either a non-Muslim or a non-relative Muslim.<br /> <br />The neighbour having one right is the one who is neither a Muslim nor a relative. Still he has got all the claims of neighbourhood-rights upon you.<br /> <br />Here are some more traditions which show the Islamic love towards the neighbours:<br /> <br />The Holy Prophet said:<br />That man is not from me who sleeps contentedly while his neighbor sleeps hungry.<br /><br />The issue of neighbours is of interest and concern to all. Disputes and feuds regularly hit the headlines. A bad neighbour is something to be dreaded, while a good neighbour is, as the saying goes, worth his or her weight in gold. Islam has plenty to say about neighbours. The Prophet’s statements quoted in Neighbour’s Rights, although over fourteen hundred years old, are as topical and relevant today as they were then. Much may have changed in the physical surroundings in which we live, but human nature is the same as ever, and we still need guidance on how we should treat one another. Islam shows us how to deal with our fellow human beings—and our own neighbourhood is a good place to start. This book Neighbour's Rights According to the Sunnah and the Example of the Salaf by Ali Hasan A. Abdul-Hamid is a good book to start.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36116668" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4c392ef32d4cdf1f5abaf6e19803bf57" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56008409,"asset_id":36116668,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56008409/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24830359" href="https://cairo.academia.edu/ProfAsik">Abubakar Surajo Ibrahim Kirare</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24830359" type="text/json">{"id":24830359,"first_name":"Abubakar","last_name":"Surajo Ibrahim Kirare","domain_name":"cairo","page_name":"ProfAsik","display_name":"Abubakar Surajo Ibrahim Kirare","profile_url":"https://cairo.academia.edu/ProfAsik?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24830359/8984527/39255908/s65_abubakar.surajo_ibrahim_kirare.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36116668 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36116668"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36116668, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36116668", }); 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Abdul-Hamid","created_at":"2018-03-09T01:34:58.832-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36116668/Neighbours_Rights_According_to_the_Sunnah_and_the_Example_of_the_Salaf_by_Ali_Hasan_A_Abdul_Hamid?f_ri=15967","dom_id":"work_36116668","summary":" \nAnd be good to the neighbour who is your relative and to the neighbour who is not a relative . . . (Qur'an, 4:36)\n \nIslam has great respect for the mutual rights and duties of neighbours. The Holy Prophet said:\n \nJibra'1 always used to advise me to be generous with neighbours, till I thought that Allah was going to include the neighbours among the heirs of a Muslim.\n \nThe rights of neighbourhood are not meant for Muslim neighbours only. of course, a Muslim neighbour has one more claim upon us - that of Islamic brotherhood.\n \n \nExplaining it, the Holy Prophet said:\nNeighbours are of three kinds:\n\n(1) that one who has got one right upon you;\n\n(2) that one who has got two rights upon you;\n\n(3) that one who has got three rights upon you.\n \nThe neighbour having three rights upon you is the one who is also a Muslim and a relative. The neighbour having two rights is the one who is either a non-Muslim or a non-relative Muslim.\n \nThe neighbour having one right is the one who is neither a Muslim nor a relative. Still he has got all the claims of neighbourhood-rights upon you.\n \nHere are some more traditions which show the Islamic love towards the neighbours:\n \nThe Holy Prophet said:\nThat man is not from me who sleeps contentedly while his neighbor sleeps hungry.\n\nThe issue of neighbours is of interest and concern to all. Disputes and feuds regularly hit the headlines. A bad neighbour is something to be dreaded, while a good neighbour is, as the saying goes, worth his or her weight in gold. Islam has plenty to say about neighbours. The Prophet’s statements quoted in Neighbour’s Rights, although over fourteen hundred years old, are as topical and relevant today as they were then. Much may have changed in the physical surroundings in which we live, but human nature is the same as ever, and we still need guidance on how we should treat one another. Islam shows us how to deal with our fellow human beings—and our own neighbourhood is a good place to start. This book Neighbour's Rights According to the Sunnah and the Example of the Salaf by Ali Hasan A. Abdul-Hamid is a good book to start.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56008409,"asset_id":36116668,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24830359,"first_name":"Abubakar","last_name":"Surajo Ibrahim Kirare","domain_name":"cairo","page_name":"ProfAsik","display_name":"Abubakar Surajo Ibrahim Kirare","profile_url":"https://cairo.academia.edu/ProfAsik?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24830359/8984527/39255908/s65_abubakar.surajo_ibrahim_kirare.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":540,"name":"Islamic Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Law?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":736,"name":"Islamic Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Economics?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":951,"name":"Humanities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humanities?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":983,"name":"Jewish 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Domestic)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arbitration_International_and_Domestic_?f_ri=15967"},{"id":1223687,"name":"Quran and Tafsir Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quran_and_Tafsir_Studies?f_ri=15967"},{"id":1223708,"name":"Qur'anic and Hadith sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_and_Hadith_sciences?f_ri=15967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36974436" data-work_id="36974436" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36974436/%C4%B0lk_Medine_%C5%9Eehir_Tarih%C3%A7isi_%C4%B0bn_Zeb%C3%A2le_ve_%C4%B0sl%C3%A2m_%C5%9Eehir_Tarih%C3%A7ili%C4%9Findeki_Yeri">İlk Medine Şehir Tarihçisi İbn Zebâle ve İslâm Şehir Tarihçiliğindeki Yeri</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Hz. Peygamberʼin hayatının son on yılına ve vahyin pratiklerini hayata geçirme faaliyetlerine tanık olan Medineʼye dair telif edilen İbn Zebâleʼye ait Ahbâruʼl-Medîne, İslâm dünyasında yazılan ilk şehir tarihlerindendir. Hicri II. yüzyıl... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36974436" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Hz. Peygamberʼin hayatının son on yılına ve vahyin pratiklerini hayata geçirme faaliyetlerine tanık olan Medineʼye dair telif edilen İbn Zebâleʼye ait Ahbâruʼl-Medîne, İslâm dünyasında yazılan ilk şehir tarihlerindendir. Hicri II. yüzyıl gibi erken bir döneme ait olan eser, sonraki dönemde telif edilen başta Medine şehir tarihleri olmak üzere çeşitli alanlardaki eserlere kaynaklık etmesi nedeniyle büyük öneme sahiptir. Ayrıca Ahbâruʼl-Medîne, hem muhtevası hem de tarih yazıcılığı bakımından da sonraki dönem şehir tarihlerine etkide bulunmuştur. Eser bizatihi mevcut olmamasına rağmen kendisinden yapılan çok sayıda nakil sayesinde önemli kısmına ulaşmış bulunmaktayız. Bu çalışmamızda hem Ahbâruʼl-Medîne hem de şehir tarihçiliğine etkileri konusunu ele alacağız.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36974436" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0ab8e2f827f4367868d40315c2b4101e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56923822,"asset_id":36974436,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56923822/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6903934" href="https://ksu-tr.academia.edu/FBK">Feyza Betül Köse</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6903934" type="text/json">{"id":6903934,"first_name":"Feyza Betül","last_name":"Köse","domain_name":"ksu-tr","page_name":"FBK","display_name":"Feyza Betül Köse","profile_url":"https://ksu-tr.academia.edu/FBK?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6903934/2762451/20478997/s65_feyza_bet_l.k_se.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36974436 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36974436"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36974436, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36974436", }); 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Bu çalışmamızda hem Ahbâruʼl-Medîne hem de şehir tarihçiliğine etkileri konusunu ele alacağız.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56923822,"asset_id":36974436,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6903934,"first_name":"Feyza Betül","last_name":"Köse","domain_name":"ksu-tr","page_name":"FBK","display_name":"Feyza Betül Köse","profile_url":"https://ksu-tr.academia.edu/FBK?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6903934/2762451/20478997/s65_feyza_bet_l.k_se.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul 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Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44820257" data-work_id="44820257" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44820257/T%C3%BCrkiyede_%C3%87ocuklar_i%C3%A7in_Siyer_%C3%87al%C4%B1%C5%9Fmalar%C4%B1_Diyanet_%C3%87ocuk_Dergisi_%C3%96zelinde_2000_2019_Edit%C3%B6r_Feyza_Bet%C3%BCl_K%C3%B6se_">Türkiye'de Çocuklar için Siyer Çalışmaları -Diyanet Çocuk Dergisi Özelinde (2000-2019) (Editör: Feyza Betül Köse)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Ülkemizde on yılı aşkın bir süredir Siyer’e gösterilen yoğun ilgi, literatürde çeşitliliği de beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu çeşitlilik tür bakımından olduğu gibi muhatap kitle bakımından da artmaktadır. Ayrıca çok farklı kurum, kuruluş,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44820257" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Ülkemizde on yılı aşkın bir süredir Siyer’e gösterilen yoğun ilgi,<br />literatürde çeşitliliği de beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu çeşitlilik tür bakımından olduğu gibi muhatap kitle bakımından da artmaktadır. Ayrıca çok farklı kurum, kuruluş, dinî cemaat ve şahıslar, muhtelif sâiklerle Siyer eserleri yayımlamaktadır. Bu da Siyer sahasında telif edilmiş eserlerin, niteliklerinin ortaya konularak doğru çalışmaların ayırt edilebilmesini ve eserlere dair tespitlerin okurlara sunulmasını lüzumlu kılmaktadır. Zira peygamber tasavvurunun hayatın her alanına nüfuzu, ancak bu tür çalışmalarla mümkün olacaktır. Temel kaynaklardaki sahih bilgilerin muhatap kitlelerin özelliklerine göre ne şekilde verilmesi gerektiğine ilişkin olarak farklı disiplinlerin verilerinden yararlanan çalışmalar yürütülmüştür. Bu minvalde Siyer’le ilgili araştırmalar yapan kimi akademisyenler; ders kitapları, edebî eserler ve popüler yayınlarda karşılaşılan sorunlarla alakalı bilimsel çalışmalarda bulunmuşlardır. Araştırmalarının sonucunda yaptıkları değerlendirmeleriyle, her yaşta ve farklı eğitim seviyelerindeki okuyucu kitlelerine en uygun Siyer anlatım usulünün belirlenebilmesi için çeşitli öneriler sunmuşlardır. Çocuk dergilerinin de bu tür araştırmalara konu edinilmesi gerekliliği bulunmaktadır.<br />Çocuk Siyer edebiyatı; Siyer bilgisinin yanında pedagojik, edebi,<br />sanatsal ve sosyo-kültürel tarafları olan bir alandır. Çocuk edebiyatı<br />ürünlerinden biri olan çocuk dergileri belirli periyotlarla güncellenebilme özelliği, görsel ve metinsel zenginliğiyle dinî ve soyut konulara içeriklerinde yer verebilme imkânına sahiptir.<br />Ülkemizin din işlerinin yürütülmesinden resmî olarak sorumlu bulunan<br />Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı, görev ve sorumluluk alanına dinî neşriyatı da<br />dâhil etmiştir. Toplumun ihtiyaç ve beklentilerine yönelik dinî yayınlar<br />içerisinde farklı kesimlere hitap eden dergiler de bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan biri olan ve Türkiye’de süreli çocuk yayınları arasında satış rakamlarıyla ilk sırada yer alan Diyanet Çocuk Dergisi’dir. Derginin devletin resmî bir kurumu tarafından çıkarılıyor olması, yazar donanımı, içerik kalitesi, doğru görsel kullanımı gibi çok çeşitli açılardan üst düzey niteliklere sahip olmasını gerekli kılmaktadır. Bireylerin ileriki yaşlarında sahip olacakları ahlak, davranış ve algılarının temelinin atıldığı ve tüm hayatını etkileme özelliğine sahip olan çocukluk döneminde doğru örnek ve bilgilerle karşılaştırılması büyük bir sorumluluktur. Bu sorumluluk da en fazla resmî kurumlar tarafından hissedilmelidir. Diyanet Çocuk Dergisi’nin ulaştığı kesimlerin nicelik açısından büyüklüğü ve onun ülkemizin din işlerinin yürütülmesinden sorumlu olan bir kurum tarafından çıkarılıyor olması, akademik bakış açısıyla çok çeşitli açılardan, titizlikle incelenmesini lüzumlu hale getirmiştir.<br />Diyanet Çocuk Dergisi özelinde ulusal akademik literatüre bakıldığında<br />derginin, grafik tasarım, yapısal analiz, içerik analizlerinin din eğitimi gibi<br />çeşitli açılardan değerlendirildiği görülmektedir. Bununla birlikte<br />tespitlerimize göre önemine ve gerekliliğine rağmen derginin Siyer<br />açısından değerlendirildiği bir çalışma hâlihazırda mevcut değildir.<br />Araştırmamız Diyanet Çocuk Dergisi 2000-2019 yıllarına ait sayı ve eklerinin Siyer’e dair muhtevasının içerik ve sunumunun irdelenmesi gayesini taşımaktadır. Bu sayede dinî çocuk edebiyatı açısından önemli bir yeri olan derginin çocuk zihninde doğru bir Peygamber tasavvuru oluşturma durumunu incelemeyi gaye edinmektedir.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44820257" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2b042b890ff76d30a61068fde4894ca3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65321606,"asset_id":44820257,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65321606/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6903934" href="https://ksu-tr.academia.edu/FBK">Feyza Betül Köse</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6903934" type="text/json">{"id":6903934,"first_name":"Feyza Betül","last_name":"Köse","domain_name":"ksu-tr","page_name":"FBK","display_name":"Feyza Betül Köse","profile_url":"https://ksu-tr.academia.edu/FBK?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6903934/2762451/20478997/s65_feyza_bet_l.k_se.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44820257 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44820257"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44820257, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44820257", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44820257]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44820257").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44820257").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44820257"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="922" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education">Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="922" type="text/json">{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11150" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies">Islamic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11150" type="text/json">{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15967" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_">Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15967" type="text/json">{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44820257]'), work: {"id":44820257,"title":"Türkiye'de Çocuklar için Siyer Çalışmaları -Diyanet Çocuk Dergisi Özelinde (2000-2019) (Editör: Feyza Betül Köse)","created_at":"2021-01-02T09:38:18.320-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44820257/T%C3%BCrkiyede_%C3%87ocuklar_i%C3%A7in_Siyer_%C3%87al%C4%B1%C5%9Fmalar%C4%B1_Diyanet_%C3%87ocuk_Dergisi_%C3%96zelinde_2000_2019_Edit%C3%B6r_Feyza_Bet%C3%BCl_K%C3%B6se_?f_ri=15967","dom_id":"work_44820257","summary":"Ülkemizde on yılı aşkın bir süredir Siyer’e gösterilen yoğun ilgi,\nliteratürde çeşitliliği de beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu çeşitlilik tür bakımından olduğu gibi muhatap kitle bakımından da artmaktadır. Ayrıca çok farklı kurum, kuruluş, dinî cemaat ve şahıslar, muhtelif sâiklerle Siyer eserleri yayımlamaktadır. Bu da Siyer sahasında telif edilmiş eserlerin, niteliklerinin ortaya konularak doğru çalışmaların ayırt edilebilmesini ve eserlere dair tespitlerin okurlara sunulmasını lüzumlu kılmaktadır. Zira peygamber tasavvurunun hayatın her alanına nüfuzu, ancak bu tür çalışmalarla mümkün olacaktır. Temel kaynaklardaki sahih bilgilerin muhatap kitlelerin özelliklerine göre ne şekilde verilmesi gerektiğine ilişkin olarak farklı disiplinlerin verilerinden yararlanan çalışmalar yürütülmüştür. Bu minvalde Siyer’le ilgili araştırmalar yapan kimi akademisyenler; ders kitapları, edebî eserler ve popüler yayınlarda karşılaşılan sorunlarla alakalı bilimsel çalışmalarda bulunmuşlardır. Araştırmalarının sonucunda yaptıkları değerlendirmeleriyle, her yaşta ve farklı eğitim seviyelerindeki okuyucu kitlelerine en uygun Siyer anlatım usulünün belirlenebilmesi için çeşitli öneriler sunmuşlardır. Çocuk dergilerinin de bu tür araştırmalara konu edinilmesi gerekliliği bulunmaktadır.\nÇocuk Siyer edebiyatı; Siyer bilgisinin yanında pedagojik, edebi,\nsanatsal ve sosyo-kültürel tarafları olan bir alandır. Çocuk edebiyatı\nürünlerinden biri olan çocuk dergileri belirli periyotlarla güncellenebilme özelliği, görsel ve metinsel zenginliğiyle dinî ve soyut konulara içeriklerinde yer verebilme imkânına sahiptir.\nÜlkemizin din işlerinin yürütülmesinden resmî olarak sorumlu bulunan\nDiyanet İşleri Başkanlığı, görev ve sorumluluk alanına dinî neşriyatı da\ndâhil etmiştir. Toplumun ihtiyaç ve beklentilerine yönelik dinî yayınlar\niçerisinde farklı kesimlere hitap eden dergiler de bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan biri olan ve Türkiye’de süreli çocuk yayınları arasında satış rakamlarıyla ilk sırada yer alan Diyanet Çocuk Dergisi’dir. Derginin devletin resmî bir kurumu tarafından çıkarılıyor olması, yazar donanımı, içerik kalitesi, doğru görsel kullanımı gibi çok çeşitli açılardan üst düzey niteliklere sahip olmasını gerekli kılmaktadır. Bireylerin ileriki yaşlarında sahip olacakları ahlak, davranış ve algılarının temelinin atıldığı ve tüm hayatını etkileme özelliğine sahip olan çocukluk döneminde doğru örnek ve bilgilerle karşılaştırılması büyük bir sorumluluktur. Bu sorumluluk da en fazla resmî kurumlar tarafından hissedilmelidir. Diyanet Çocuk Dergisi’nin ulaştığı kesimlerin nicelik açısından büyüklüğü ve onun ülkemizin din işlerinin yürütülmesinden sorumlu olan bir kurum tarafından çıkarılıyor olması, akademik bakış açısıyla çok çeşitli açılardan, titizlikle incelenmesini lüzumlu hale getirmiştir.\nDiyanet Çocuk Dergisi özelinde ulusal akademik literatüre bakıldığında\nderginin, grafik tasarım, yapısal analiz, içerik analizlerinin din eğitimi gibi\nçeşitli açılardan değerlendirildiği görülmektedir. Bununla birlikte\ntespitlerimize göre önemine ve gerekliliğine rağmen derginin Siyer\naçısından değerlendirildiği bir çalışma hâlihazırda mevcut değildir.\nAraştırmamız Diyanet Çocuk Dergisi 2000-2019 yıllarına ait sayı ve eklerinin Siyer’e dair muhtevasının içerik ve sunumunun irdelenmesi gayesini taşımaktadır. Bu sayede dinî çocuk edebiyatı açısından önemli bir yeri olan derginin çocuk zihninde doğru bir Peygamber tasavvuru oluşturma durumunu incelemeyi gaye edinmektedir.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65321606,"asset_id":44820257,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6903934,"first_name":"Feyza Betül","last_name":"Köse","domain_name":"ksu-tr","page_name":"FBK","display_name":"Feyza Betül Köse","profile_url":"https://ksu-tr.academia.edu/FBK?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6903934/2762451/20478997/s65_feyza_bet_l.k_se.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43210813" data-work_id="43210813" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43210813/Hz_Ai%C5%9Fe_bint_Ebi_Bekir">Hz. Aişe bint Ebi Bekir</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">“Âişe’nin kadınlara üstünlüğü, tirit yemeğinin diğer yemeklere olan üstünlüğü gibidir.” [Hz. Muhammed (sas)] Hz. Âişe gerek babasının evinde gerekse Hz. Peygamber’in yanında yetişmiş, birçok ilimde temayüz etmiş, dinî bilgi ve... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43210813" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">“Âişe’nin kadınlara üstünlüğü,<br />tirit yemeğinin diğer yemeklere olan üstünlüğü gibidir.” <br />[Hz. Muhammed (sas)]<br /><br />Hz. Âişe gerek babasının evinde gerekse Hz. Peygamber’in yanında yetişmiş, birçok ilimde temayüz etmiş, dinî bilgi ve uygulamaları, hadis ve sünneti ümmete aktarmada büyük görevler üstlenmiş, örnek alınması gereken önemli bir hanımdır.<br />Hz. Âişe kadınların eğitim ve öğretimiyle yakından meşgul olmuştur. Ondan ders dinleyen ve hadis nakleden birçok bayan öğrencisi vardı. Böylece o hem bizzat hem de yetiştirdiği öğrencileri ile İslâm dünyasında kadınların ilimle meşgul olmaları gerektiğini göstermiştir.<br />Hz. Âişe, Hz. Peygamber’e destek oluşu; ilmi ümmete aktarışı, yetiştirdiği öğrenciler; hakkında ayetlerin inmesi, İfk Hadisesi, Cemel Savaşı, halife ve sahabilere karşı duruşu ile Hz. Peygamber’in hayatında ve İslâm tarihinde önemli bir konuma sahiptir.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43210813" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e8ae6ad61c25187915a98613f116506b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63479756,"asset_id":43210813,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63479756/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="51155006" href="https://harran.academia.edu/OmerSabuncu">Omer Sabuncu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="51155006" type="text/json">{"id":51155006,"first_name":"Omer","last_name":"Sabuncu","domain_name":"harran","page_name":"OmerSabuncu","display_name":"Omer Sabuncu","profile_url":"https://harran.academia.edu/OmerSabuncu?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/51155006/15267608/34726390/s65_omer.sabuncu.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43210813 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43210813"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43210813, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43210813", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43210813]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43210813").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43210813").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43210813"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11150" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies">Islamic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11150" type="text/json">{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15800" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History">Islamic History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15800" type="text/json">{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15866" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam">Islam</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15866" type="text/json">{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15967" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_">Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15967" type="text/json">{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43210813]'), work: {"id":43210813,"title":"Hz. Aişe bint Ebi Bekir","created_at":"2020-05-31T02:51:02.845-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43210813/Hz_Ai%C5%9Fe_bint_Ebi_Bekir?f_ri=15967","dom_id":"work_43210813","summary":"“Âişe’nin kadınlara üstünlüğü,\ntirit yemeğinin diğer yemeklere olan üstünlüğü gibidir.” \n[Hz. Muhammed (sas)]\n\nHz. Âişe gerek babasının evinde gerekse Hz. Peygamber’in yanında yetişmiş, birçok ilimde temayüz etmiş, dinî bilgi ve uygulamaları, hadis ve sünneti ümmete aktarmada büyük görevler üstlenmiş, örnek alınması gereken önemli bir hanımdır.\nHz. Âişe kadınların eğitim ve öğretimiyle yakından meşgul olmuştur. Ondan ders dinleyen ve hadis nakleden birçok bayan öğrencisi vardı. Böylece o hem bizzat hem de yetiştirdiği öğrencileri ile İslâm dünyasında kadınların ilimle meşgul olmaları gerektiğini göstermiştir.\nHz. Âişe, Hz. Peygamber’e destek oluşu; ilmi ümmete aktarışı, yetiştirdiği öğrenciler; hakkında ayetlerin inmesi, İfk Hadisesi, Cemel Savaşı, halife ve sahabilere karşı duruşu ile Hz. Peygamber’in hayatında ve İslâm tarihinde önemli bir konuma sahiptir.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63479756,"asset_id":43210813,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":51155006,"first_name":"Omer","last_name":"Sabuncu","domain_name":"harran","page_name":"OmerSabuncu","display_name":"Omer Sabuncu","profile_url":"https://harran.academia.edu/OmerSabuncu?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/51155006/15267608/34726390/s65_omer.sabuncu.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":31841,"name":"History of Islamic Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Islamic_Civilization?f_ri=15967"},{"id":354624,"name":"İslam Tarihi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam_Tarihi?f_ri=15967"},{"id":2146135,"name":"Hz. Peygamberin Hayatı","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hz._Peygamberin_Hayat%C4%B1?f_ri=15967"},{"id":3112437,"name":"hz. aişe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/hz._ai%C5%9Fe?f_ri=15967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_46819194" data-work_id="46819194" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/46819194/The_Leadership_of_Muhammad_A_Historical_Reconstruction">The Leadership of Muhammad: A Historical Reconstruction</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Given Prophet Muhammad’s a immense impact on history, there are surprisingly few books that specifically analyse his leadership. The few that exist maintain that Muhammad was a wonderful leader because he was a wonderful man; that is, he... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_46819194" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Given Prophet Muhammad’s a immense impact on history, there are surprisingly few books that specifically analyse his leadership. The few that exist maintain that Muhammad was a wonderful leader because he was a wonderful man; that is, he succeeded in his mission because of his superior morality and personal qualities.<br /><br />Although it is widely agreed that Muhammad was a moral and decent man, this explanation seems incomplete and almost inadequate. Joel Hayward approaches the Prophet’s leadership from a different vantage point by scrutinising ancient sources to ascertain whether Muhammad’s conscious actions, behaviour, and methods can provide any substantial and meaningful insights about the effectiveness of his strategic leadership.<br /><br />Through meticulous research and rigorous analysis, Hayward demonstrates that Muhammad was an uncommonly astute and self-reflective man with the ability to create and communicate a believable strategic vision of a necessary and desirable future. This engaging yet deeply scholarly book makes a major contribution to both leadership studies and the Prophet’s biography.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/46819194" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="456e8d50c96fc75c184aa18099b03925" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68641727,"asset_id":46819194,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68641727/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="21870637" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JoelHayward4">Joel S A Hayward</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="21870637" type="text/json">{"id":21870637,"first_name":"Joel","last_name":"Hayward","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JoelHayward4","display_name":"Joel S A Hayward","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JoelHayward4?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21870637/7115195/167915612/s65_joel.hayward.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_46819194 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="46819194"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 46819194, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_46819194", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=46819194]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_46819194").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_46819194").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="46819194"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2969" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leadership">Leadership</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2969" type="text/json">{"id":2969,"name":"Leadership","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leadership?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15800" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History">Islamic History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15800" type="text/json">{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15967" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_">Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15967" type="text/json">{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17003" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Islam">Early Islam</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17003" type="text/json">{"id":17003,"name":"Early Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Islam?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=46819194]'), work: {"id":46819194,"title":"The Leadership of Muhammad: A Historical Reconstruction","created_at":"2021-04-13T07:07:11.586-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/46819194/The_Leadership_of_Muhammad_A_Historical_Reconstruction?f_ri=15967","dom_id":"work_46819194","summary":"Given Prophet Muhammad’s a immense impact on history, there are surprisingly few books that specifically analyse his leadership. The few that exist maintain that Muhammad was a wonderful leader because he was a wonderful man; that is, he succeeded in his mission because of his superior morality and personal qualities.\n\nAlthough it is widely agreed that Muhammad was a moral and decent man, this explanation seems incomplete and almost inadequate. Joel Hayward approaches the Prophet’s leadership from a different vantage point by scrutinising ancient sources to ascertain whether Muhammad’s conscious actions, behaviour, and methods can provide any substantial and meaningful insights about the effectiveness of his strategic leadership.\n\nThrough meticulous research and rigorous analysis, Hayward demonstrates that Muhammad was an uncommonly astute and self-reflective man with the ability to create and communicate a believable strategic vision of a necessary and desirable future. This engaging yet deeply scholarly book makes a major contribution to both leadership studies and the Prophet’s biography.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68641727,"asset_id":46819194,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":21870637,"first_name":"Joel","last_name":"Hayward","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JoelHayward4","display_name":"Joel S A Hayward","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JoelHayward4?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21870637/7115195/167915612/s65_joel.hayward.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2969,"name":"Leadership","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leadership?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":17003,"name":"Early Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Islam?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":176767,"name":"Sirah Nabawiyah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sirah_Nabawiyah?f_ri=15967"},{"id":250021,"name":"Biography of the Prophet Muhammad","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biography_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad?f_ri=15967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2436267" data-work_id="2436267" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2436267/Modern_Sirah_Literature_An_Overview">Modern Sirah Literature: An Overview</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Abstract In the nineteenth century, Islamic world faced the Western understanding of science, as it gradually started to go under the influence of the latter in political, economical and military aspects. The studies done in this period... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2436267" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Abstract <br />In the nineteenth century, Islamic world faced the Western understanding of science, as it gradually started to go under the influence of the latter in political, economical and military aspects. The studies done in this period were now carried out in the face of the offerings of the Western worldview. Although there were some works, if scarce, done without concerning the Western methods of research, some others were written as criticisms of the orientalist studies and some were produced under the influence of the orientalist ideas. In any case, most of these works were carried out under the influence or the pressure of the modern scientific paradigm. This paper aims at giving a panorama of the modern sirah literature.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2436267" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1d88001f1f5c66e1fd4cc87af222e2f2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":30459525,"asset_id":2436267,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/30459525/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="162214" href="https://uludag.academia.edu/%C4%B0lhamiOru%C3%A7o%C4%9Flu">İlhami Oruçoğlu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="162214" type="text/json">{"id":162214,"first_name":"İlhami","last_name":"Oruçoğlu","domain_name":"uludag","page_name":"İlhamiOruçoğlu","display_name":"İlhami Oruçoğlu","profile_url":"https://uludag.academia.edu/%C4%B0lhamiOru%C3%A7o%C4%9Flu?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/162214/59885/62799/s65__lhami.oru_o_lu.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2436267 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2436267"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2436267, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2436267", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2436267]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_2436267").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_2436267").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2436267"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15967" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_">Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15967" type="text/json">{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=2436267]'), work: {"id":2436267,"title":"Modern Sirah Literature: An Overview","created_at":"2013-01-20T18:14:18.243-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2436267/Modern_Sirah_Literature_An_Overview?f_ri=15967","dom_id":"work_2436267","summary":"Abstract \nIn the nineteenth century, Islamic world faced the Western understanding of science, as it gradually started to go under the influence of the latter in political, economical and military aspects. The studies done in this period were now carried out in the face of the offerings of the Western worldview. Although there were some works, if scarce, done without concerning the Western methods of research, some others were written as criticisms of the orientalist studies and some were produced under the influence of the orientalist ideas. In any case, most of these works were carried out under the influence or the pressure of the modern scientific paradigm. This paper aims at giving a panorama of the modern sirah literature.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":30459525,"asset_id":2436267,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":162214,"first_name":"İlhami","last_name":"Oruçoğlu","domain_name":"uludag","page_name":"İlhamiOruçoğlu","display_name":"İlhami Oruçoğlu","profile_url":"https://uludag.academia.edu/%C4%B0lhamiOru%C3%A7o%C4%9Flu?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/162214/59885/62799/s65__lhami.oru_o_lu.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35539805" data-work_id="35539805" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35539805/%C4%B0lk_D%C3%B6nem_%C4%B0sl%C3%A2m_Tarihi_%C4%B0lahiyat_%C3%96nlisans_Program%C4%B1_">İlk Dönem İslâm Tarihi (İlahiyat Önlisans Programı)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">İlk Dönem İslâm Tarihi (İlahiyat Önlisans Programı), ed. Mustafa Fayda, Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi Açıköğretim Fakültesi, 1998.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35539805" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="361a51b8ab4ed4d2cc0dfb0eea95f95f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55405605,"asset_id":35539805,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55405605/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="66606674" href="https://ankara.academia.edu/IbrahimSaricam">İbrahim Sarıçam</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="66606674" type="text/json">{"id":66606674,"first_name":"İbrahim","last_name":"Sarıçam","domain_name":"ankara","page_name":"IbrahimSaricam","display_name":"İbrahim Sarıçam","profile_url":"https://ankara.academia.edu/IbrahimSaricam?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/66606674/17342391/22952349/s65_i_brahim.sar_am.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35539805 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35539805"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35539805, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35539805", }); 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Mustafa Fayda, Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi Açıköğretim Fakültesi, 1998.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55405605,"asset_id":35539805,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":66606674,"first_name":"İbrahim","last_name":"Sarıçam","domain_name":"ankara","page_name":"IbrahimSaricam","display_name":"İbrahim Sarıçam","profile_url":"https://ankara.academia.edu/IbrahimSaricam?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/66606674/17342391/22952349/s65_i_brahim.sar_am.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":13095,"name":"History of Caliphates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Caliphates?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":250021,"name":"Biography of the Prophet Muhammad","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biography_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":1184249,"name":"Rashidun Caliphate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rashidun_Caliphate?f_ri=15967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37869749" data-work_id="37869749" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37869749/Mahomet_leurop%C3%A9en">Mahomet l'européen</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Mahomet fascine l’Europe depuis le Moyen Âge. Les caricatures et portraits polémiques se sont répandus dans les pages des manuscrits, le représentant tour à tour comme un charlatan, un hérésiarque, un personnage lubrique ou l’incarnation... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37869749" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Mahomet fascine l’Europe depuis le Moyen Âge. Les caricatures et portraits polémiques se sont répandus dans les pages des manuscrits, le représentant tour à tour comme un charlatan, un hérésiarque, un personnage lubrique ou l’incarnation de l’Antéchrist. Un personnage était né : le prophète de l’islam vu par les Européens.<br />L’historien John Tolan en retrace ici le destin dans un récit passionnant.<br />Alors que ce sont, tout d’abord, les peurs de la Chrétienté qui se cristallisent dans les portraits de Mahomet, celui-ci deviendra pourtant au fil des siècles un objet de fascination, comme chez Goethe ou Lamartine. De même certains théologiens le tiendront pour un grand réformateur, et il sera admiré par Napoléon. Tantôt vilipendé, tantôt glorifié, Mahomet est un adversaire ou un allié toujours profitable, instrumentalisé par les Européens depuis des siècles dans leurs polémiques internes. Ainsi éclairé par une formidable érudition, il devient une figure incontournable pour comprendre comment l’Europe s’est construite. Un livre qui fera date.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37869749" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="019d136930d79e558b73821d6813729e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57902597,"asset_id":37869749,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57902597/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1142923" href="https://univ-nantes.academia.edu/JohnTolan">John Tolan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1142923" type="text/json">{"id":1142923,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Tolan","domain_name":"univ-nantes","page_name":"JohnTolan","display_name":"John Tolan","profile_url":"https://univ-nantes.academia.edu/JohnTolan?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1142923/402190/491250/s65_john.tolan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37869749 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37869749"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37869749, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37869749", }); 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Les caricatures et portraits polémiques se sont répandus dans les pages des manuscrits, le représentant tour à tour comme un charlatan, un hérésiarque, un personnage lubrique ou l’incarnation de l’Antéchrist. Un personnage était né : le prophète de l’islam vu par les Européens.\nL’historien John Tolan en retrace ici le destin dans un récit passionnant.\nAlors que ce sont, tout d’abord, les peurs de la Chrétienté qui se cristallisent dans les portraits de Mahomet, celui-ci deviendra pourtant au fil des siècles un objet de fascination, comme chez Goethe ou Lamartine. De même certains théologiens le tiendront pour un grand réformateur, et il sera admiré par Napoléon. Tantôt vilipendé, tantôt glorifié, Mahomet est un adversaire ou un allié toujours profitable, instrumentalisé par les Européens depuis des siècles dans leurs polémiques internes. Ainsi éclairé par une formidable érudition, il devient une figure incontournable pour comprendre comment l’Europe s’est construite. Un livre qui fera date.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57902597,"asset_id":37869749,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1142923,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Tolan","domain_name":"univ-nantes","page_name":"JohnTolan","display_name":"John Tolan","profile_url":"https://univ-nantes.academia.edu/JohnTolan?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1142923/402190/491250/s65_john.tolan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":131,"name":"European History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_History?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":135,"name":"Intellectual History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_History?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":383,"name":"European Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic 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href="https://www.academia.edu/31612067/Islam_the_misunderstood_Religion_By_Muhammad_Qutb">Islam the misunderstood Religion By Muhammad Qutb</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31612067" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9c083eb4733aa541e1a53b25e4471500" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56605837,"asset_id":31612067,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button 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href="https://www.academia.edu/36113041/prophet_Muhammad_a_Mercy_to_all_mankind_pdf">prophet Muhammad a Mercy to all mankind.pdf</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Allah, may He be exalted, says (interpretation of the meaning): “And We have sent you (O Muhammad ) not but as a mercy for the Aalameen (mankind, jinns and all that exists)” [al-Anbiya’ 21:107]. The scholars differed concerning the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36113041" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Allah, may He be exalted, says (interpretation of the meaning): “And We have sent you (O Muhammad ) not but as a mercy for the Aalameen (mankind, jinns and all that exists)” [al-Anbiya’ 21:107]. The scholars differed concerning the ‘Aalameen (translated here as “mankind, jinns and all that exists”; also often translated as “the worlds”) to whom the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) was sent as a mercy. <br /> <br />Prophet (peace be upon him) is indeed a blessing and mercy of Allah to the whole world. This is because he aroused the neglectful world from its heedlessness and gave it the knowledge of the criterion between truth and falsehood, and warned it very clearly of both the ways of salvation and ruin. This fact has been stated here to tell the disbelievers of Makkah that they were quite wrong in their estimate of the Prophet (peace be upon him) that he was an affliction and distress for them because they said: This man has sown seeds of discard among our clans and separated near relatives from each other. They have been told here: O people, you are wrong to presume that he is an affliction for you; but he is in reality a blessing and mercy of Allah for you. <br /> <br />Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is the best role model for all humankind. Among his outstanding virtues and characteristics, he was an extraordinary husband, a perfect father, and a unique grandfather. He was also a great statesman, judge, and spiritual leader. His most distinctive quality, however, was the fact that he was a blessing to all in both word and deed. He infused justice, love, and dignity in all those around him. He spread the power of brotherhood to the extent that it became exceptional in human history. Affirming that these grand virtues were bestowed on him by Allah the Almighty and that He prepared His loyal messenger to call for the true religion, is part of one's belief. <br /> <br />The Qur'an describes the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) as merciful and kind to the believers. Allah the Almighty says, {Now hath come unto you a Messenger from amongst yourselves: it grieves him that ye should perish: ardently anxious is he over you: to the Believers is he most kind and merciful.)  (At-Tawbah 9:128) <br /> <br />The Prophet's Love for Mankind <br /> <br />The Prophet Muhammad is introduced in the Qur’an in these words: <br />[And We have not sent you forth but as a mercy to mankind. ] (Al-Anbiyaa’: 107) <br /> <br />According to a tradition recorded in the Sahih of Imam Muslim, when the Prophet’s opponents greatly increased their persecution, his Companions asked him to curse them. At this the Prophet replied, “I have not been sent to lay a curse upon men but to be a blessing to them.” His opponents continued to treat him and his Companions unjustly and cruelly, but he always prayed for them. <br /> <br />Once he was so badly stoned by his enemies that the blood began to spurt from all over his body. This happened when he went to Ta’if, where the Hijaz aristocracy used to while away their summer days. When he attempted to call them to Islam, instead of listening to his words of wisdom, they set the street urchins upon him, who kept chasing him till nightfall. Even at that point, when he was utterly exhausted and bleeding from head to foot, all he said was, “O my Lord, guide my people along the true path, as they are ignorant of the truth.” <br /> <br />His heart was filled with intense love for all human kind irrespective of caste, creed, or color. Once he advised his Companions to regard all people as their brothers and sisters. He added, “You are all Adam’s offspring and Adam was born of clay.” <br /> <br />All this tells us what kind of awareness he wanted to bring about in man. His mission was to bring people abreast of the reality that all men and women, although inhabiting different regions of the world, and seemingly different from one another as regards their color, language, dress, culture, etc., were each other’s blood brothers. Hence a proper relationship will be established between all human beings only if they regard one another as sisters and brothers. Only then will proper feelings of love and respect prevail throughout the world. <br /> <br />According to a hadith, the Prophet once said, “A true believer is one with whom others feel secure. One who returns love for hatred.” The Prophet made it clear that one who would only return love for love was on a lower ethical plane. We should never think that we should treat people well only if they treat us well. We should, rather, be accustomed to being good to those who are not good to us and to not wronging those who harm us.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36113041" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b1b5f2e56a279f9b38dbe4d28d6957aa" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56004784,"asset_id":36113041,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56004784/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24830359" href="https://cairo.academia.edu/ProfAsik">Abubakar Surajo Ibrahim Kirare</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24830359" type="text/json">{"id":24830359,"first_name":"Abubakar","last_name":"Surajo Ibrahim Kirare","domain_name":"cairo","page_name":"ProfAsik","display_name":"Abubakar Surajo Ibrahim Kirare","profile_url":"https://cairo.academia.edu/ProfAsik?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24830359/8984527/39255908/s65_abubakar.surajo_ibrahim_kirare.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36113041 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36113041"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36113041, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36113041", }); 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The scholars differed concerning the ‘Aalameen (translated here as “mankind, jinns and all that exists”; also often translated as “the worlds”) to whom the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) was sent as a mercy. \r\n\r\nProphet (peace be upon him) is indeed a blessing and mercy of Allah to the whole world. This is because he aroused the neglectful world from its heedlessness and gave it the knowledge of the criterion between truth and falsehood, and warned it very clearly of both the ways of salvation and ruin. This fact has been stated here to tell the disbelievers of Makkah that they were quite wrong in their estimate of the Prophet (peace be upon him) that he was an affliction and distress for them because they said: This man has sown seeds of discard among our clans and separated near relatives from each other. They have been told here: O people, you are wrong to presume that he is an affliction for you; but he is in reality a blessing and mercy of Allah for you.\r\n\r\nProphet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is the best role model for all humankind. Among his outstanding virtues and characteristics, he was an extraordinary husband, a perfect father, and a unique grandfather. He was also a great statesman, judge, and spiritual leader. His most distinctive quality, however, was the fact that he was a blessing to all in both word and deed. He infused justice, love, and dignity in all those around him. He spread the power of brotherhood to the extent that it became exceptional in human history. Affirming that these grand virtues were bestowed on him by Allah the Almighty and that He prepared His loyal messenger to call for the true religion, is part of one's belief.\r\n\r\nThe Qur'an describes the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) as merciful and kind to the believers. Allah the Almighty says, {Now hath come unto you a Messenger from amongst yourselves: it grieves him that ye should perish: ardently anxious is he over you: to the Believers is he most kind and merciful.) (At-Tawbah 9:128)\r\n\r\nThe Prophet's Love for Mankind\r\n\r\nThe Prophet Muhammad is introduced in the Qur’an in these words:\r\n[And We have not sent you forth but as a mercy to mankind. ] (Al-Anbiyaa’: 107)\r\n\r\nAccording to a tradition recorded in the Sahih of Imam Muslim, when the Prophet’s opponents greatly increased their persecution, his Companions asked him to curse them. At this the Prophet replied, “I have not been sent to lay a curse upon men but to be a blessing to them.” His opponents continued to treat him and his Companions unjustly and cruelly, but he always prayed for them.\r\n\r\nOnce he was so badly stoned by his enemies that the blood began to spurt from all over his body. This happened when he went to Ta’if, where the Hijaz aristocracy used to while away their summer days. When he attempted to call them to Islam, instead of listening to his words of wisdom, they set the street urchins upon him, who kept chasing him till nightfall. Even at that point, when he was utterly exhausted and bleeding from head to foot, all he said was, “O my Lord, guide my people along the true path, as they are ignorant of the truth.”\r\n\r\nHis heart was filled with intense love for all human kind irrespective of caste, creed, or color. Once he advised his Companions to regard all people as their brothers and sisters. He added, “You are all Adam’s offspring and Adam was born of clay.”\r\n\r\nAll this tells us what kind of awareness he wanted to bring about in man. His mission was to bring people abreast of the reality that all men and women, although inhabiting different regions of the world, and seemingly different from one another as regards their color, language, dress, culture, etc., were each other’s blood brothers. Hence a proper relationship will be established between all human beings only if they regard one another as sisters and brothers. Only then will proper feelings of love and respect prevail throughout the world.\r\n\r\nAccording to a hadith, the Prophet once said, “A true believer is one with whom others feel secure. One who returns love for hatred.” The Prophet made it clear that one who would only return love for love was on a lower ethical plane. We should never think that we should treat people well only if they treat us well. We should, rather, be accustomed to being good to those who are not good to us and to not wronging those who harm us.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56004784,"asset_id":36113041,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24830359,"first_name":"Abubakar","last_name":"Surajo Ibrahim Kirare","domain_name":"cairo","page_name":"ProfAsik","display_name":"Abubakar Surajo Ibrahim Kirare","profile_url":"https://cairo.academia.edu/ProfAsik?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24830359/8984527/39255908/s65_abubakar.surajo_ibrahim_kirare.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":109,"name":"Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":540,"name":"Islamic Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Law?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":736,"name":"Islamic Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Economics?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":983,"name":"Jewish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=15967"},{"id":2471,"name":"History of Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Christianity?f_ri=15967"},{"id":4173,"name":"Hebrew Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible?f_ri=15967"},{"id":5326,"name":"Early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity?f_ri=15967"},{"id":5674,"name":"Islamic Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy?f_ri=15967"},{"id":6544,"name":"Islamic Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Education?f_ri=15967"},{"id":6627,"name":"Jewish 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Origins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament_and_Christian_Origins?f_ri=15967"},{"id":21923,"name":"Islamic Banking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Banking?f_ri=15967"},{"id":21928,"name":"Islamic Finance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Finance?f_ri=15967"},{"id":23692,"name":"Historical Jesus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Jesus?f_ri=15967"},{"id":25329,"name":"Islamic Economics and Finance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Economics_and_Finance?f_ri=15967"},{"id":91454,"name":"Jesus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jesus?f_ri=15967"},{"id":103552,"name":"Jews of Medieval Spain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jews_of_Medieval_Spain?f_ri=15967"},{"id":117575,"name":"Jesus 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Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quran_and_Tafsir_Studies?f_ri=15967"},{"id":1223708,"name":"Qur'anic and Hadith sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_and_Hadith_sciences?f_ri=15967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35572526" data-work_id="35572526" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35572526/perang_badar_2_docx">perang badar (2).docx</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Perang Badar adalah salah satu perang Islam yang terbesar dan paling mahsyur, Kata ahl al-Badr digunakan untuk para sahabat Nabi yang ikut serta dalam Perang Badar.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x 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data-has-card-for-ri="8265" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biography">Biography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8265" type="text/json">{"id":8265,"name":"Biography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biography?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11150" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies">Islamic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11150" type="text/json">{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15866" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam">Islam</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15866" type="text/json">{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15967" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_">Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15967" type="text/json">{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35572526]'), work: {"id":35572526,"title":"perang badar (2).docx","created_at":"2018-01-03T17:19:17.382-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35572526/perang_badar_2_docx?f_ri=15967","dom_id":"work_35572526","summary":"Perang Badar adalah salah satu perang Islam yang terbesar dan paling mahsyur, Kata ahl al-Badr digunakan untuk para sahabat Nabi yang ikut serta dalam Perang Badar.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55438610,"asset_id":35572526,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":62691177,"first_name":"pawestri","last_name":"handayani","domain_name":"siaws","page_name":"pawestrihandayani","display_name":"pawestri handayani","profile_url":"https://siaws.academia.edu/pawestrihandayani?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/62691177/16752055/17021178/s65_pawestri.handayani.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8265,"name":"Biography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biography?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul 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u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44932132" data-work_id="44932132" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44932132/Revisiting_%E1%B8%A4ad%C4%ABth_Problem_Implications_of_Forged_%E1%B8%A4ad%C4%ABth_in_a_Post_Shariah_World">Revisiting Ḥadīth Problem: Implications of Forged Ḥadīth in a Post-Shari'ah World</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Ḥadīth cannot take on the role of the second principal source of Islamic theology and law without a grounding in the belief that the speech of the Prophet is miraculously preserved against human corruption. Such a conviction provides for... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44932132" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Ḥadīth cannot take on the role of the second principal source of Islamic theology and law without a grounding in the belief that the speech of the Prophet is miraculously preserved against human corruption. Such a conviction provides for the sanctification of hadīth that begrudges critical inquiry of the brick and mortar of this grand edifice. It may sound like a simple question to an unsuspecting mind whether hadīth was reported or created at the outset. There is, however, no facile answer to this question, for such is difficult to definitively determine even for scholars despite their general consensus that the hadīth was both reported and created in early Islamic history. This article revisits the problem of the creation of hadīth versus its reporting and investigates some of the fundamental issues pertaining to the forgery of hadīth that may have far reaching implications and can be relevant even today.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44932132" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0e14a849b97407df695cd3098013190b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65458220,"asset_id":44932132,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65458220/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="94299869" href="https://ccuniversity.academia.edu/SyedWaqas">Syed M Waqas</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="94299869" type="text/json">{"id":94299869,"first_name":"Syed","last_name":"Waqas","domain_name":"ccuniversity","page_name":"SyedWaqas","display_name":"Syed M Waqas","profile_url":"https://ccuniversity.academia.edu/SyedWaqas?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/94299869/21234731/71651477/s65_syed.waqas.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44932132 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44932132"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44932132, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44932132", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44932132]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44932132").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44932132").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44932132"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15799" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hadith_Studies">Hadith Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15799" type="text/json">{"id":15799,"name":"Hadith Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hadith_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15967" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_">Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15967" type="text/json">{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47791" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/o_Hadith_and_Historical_Criticism">o Hadith and Historical Criticism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47791" type="text/json">{"id":47791,"name":"o\tHadith and Historical Criticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/o_Hadith_and_Historical_Criticism?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47792" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/o_Orientalism_and_Hadith">o Orientalism and Hadith</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="47792" type="text/json">{"id":47792,"name":"o\tOrientalism and Hadith","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/o_Orientalism_and_Hadith?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44932132]'), work: {"id":44932132,"title":"Revisiting Ḥadīth Problem: Implications of Forged Ḥadīth in a Post-Shari'ah World","created_at":"2021-01-18T22:18:25.375-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44932132/Revisiting_%E1%B8%A4ad%C4%ABth_Problem_Implications_of_Forged_%E1%B8%A4ad%C4%ABth_in_a_Post_Shariah_World?f_ri=15967","dom_id":"work_44932132","summary":"Ḥadīth cannot take on the role of the second principal source of Islamic theology and law without a grounding in the belief that the speech of the Prophet is miraculously preserved against human corruption. Such a conviction provides for the sanctification of hadīth that begrudges critical inquiry of the brick and mortar of this grand edifice. It may sound like a simple question to an unsuspecting mind whether hadīth was reported or created at the outset. There is, however, no facile answer to this question, for such is difficult to definitively determine even for scholars despite their general consensus that the hadīth was both reported and created in early Islamic history. This article revisits the problem of the creation of hadīth versus its reporting and investigates some of the fundamental issues pertaining to the forgery of hadīth that may have far reaching implications and can be relevant even today.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65458220,"asset_id":44932132,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":94299869,"first_name":"Syed","last_name":"Waqas","domain_name":"ccuniversity","page_name":"SyedWaqas","display_name":"Syed M Waqas","profile_url":"https://ccuniversity.academia.edu/SyedWaqas?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/94299869/21234731/71651477/s65_syed.waqas.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":15799,"name":"Hadith Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hadith_Studies?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":15967,"name":"Biographical Literature of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah Rasul Allah)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":47791,"name":"o\tHadith and Historical Criticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/o_Hadith_and_Historical_Criticism?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":47792,"name":"o\tOrientalism and Hadith","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/o_Orientalism_and_Hadith?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":72901,"name":"Hadis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hadis?f_ri=15967"},{"id":82097,"name":"The Hadith (Critical Concepts in Islamic Studies)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Hadith_Critical_Concepts_in_Islamic_Studies_?f_ri=15967"},{"id":119466,"name":"Al-Quran \u0026 Al-Hadith","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Al-Quran_and_Al-Hadith?f_ri=15967"},{"id":120722,"name":"Hadith","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hadith?f_ri=15967"},{"id":139592,"name":"Quran and Sunnah Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quran_and_Sunnah_Studies?f_ri=15967"},{"id":201516,"name":"Takhrij al-Hadith","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Takhrij_al-Hadith?f_ri=15967"},{"id":525867,"name":"Al-Quran \u0026 Hadist","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Al-Quran_and_Hadist?f_ri=15967"},{"id":583108,"name":"HADIST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/HADIST?f_ri=15967"},{"id":703704,"name":"Al-Hadits","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Al-Hadits?f_ri=15967"},{"id":862307,"name":"Litarature of Hadith","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Litarature_of_Hadith?f_ri=15967"},{"id":865687,"name":"science and the religion of Islam in the modern research review by the hadith the prophet Muhammad","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/science_and_the_religion_of_Islam_in_the_modern_research_review_by_the_hadith_the_prophet_Muhammad?f_ri=15967"},{"id":987612,"name":"Transmitting Hadith","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transmitting_Hadith?f_ri=15967"},{"id":1019143,"name":"The Hadith","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Hadith?f_ri=15967"},{"id":1167263,"name":"Ulumul Hadith","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ulumul_Hadith?f_ri=15967"},{"id":1223708,"name":"Qur'anic and Hadith sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_and_Hadith_sciences?f_ri=15967"},{"id":1754060,"name":"Hadith Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hadith_Sciences?f_ri=15967"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37658210" data-work_id="37658210" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37658210/Map_Medina_the_market_of_the_Prophet_and_the_other_markets_The_map_accompanies_Lecker_The_market_of_the_Prophet_Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad_Forthcoming">Map: Medina, the market of the Prophet and the other markets. The map accompanies Lecker, "The market of the Prophet Muḥammad". Forthcoming</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">The article  is based on M.J. Kister, “The market of the Prophet”, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 8 (1965): 272-76.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37658210" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="27196ffc74a9ab4b52df3bd0a882878a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57645741,"asset_id":37658210,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57645741/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16315099" href="https://huji.academia.edu/MichaelLecker">Michael Lecker</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16315099" type="text/json">{"id":16315099,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Lecker","domain_name":"huji","page_name":"MichaelLecker","display_name":"Michael Lecker","profile_url":"https://huji.academia.edu/MichaelLecker?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16315099/4427434/13656620/s65_michael.lecker.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37658210 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37658210"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37658210, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37658210", }); 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the Contemporary Issues of Human Rights</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">A summarized analysis of 9 relevant points of the Prophet (saw)'s Farewell Sermon to contemporary issues of human rights</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23455565" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="611267063dde30a58f6174f3290b7a29" rel="nofollow" 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(PBUH)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seerah_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_PBUH_?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_28545936" data-work_id="28545936" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28545936/Friendship_and_Mystical_Connections_between_the_Prophet_Muhammad_and_the_Christian_Monks_of_Mount_Sinai_Artwork_in_the_Prophets_Ashtiname">Friendship and Mystical Connections between the Prophet Muhammad and the Christian Monks of Mount Sinai:Artwork in the Prophet's Ashtiname</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This is an exciting new discovery. It discusses newfound connections between Islam and Christianity. These connections include a friendship between the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and St. John Climacus. The New Testament and the Qur'an, and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_28545936" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This is an exciting new discovery. It discusses newfound connections between Islam and Christianity. These connections include a friendship between the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and St. John Climacus. The New Testament and the Qur'an, and mystical treasures therein, support this.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/28545936" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c4318223f1f509f52e530e41953fc5db" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48898735,"asset_id":28545936,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48898735/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31448643" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RichardMurray6">Richard Murray</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31448643" type="text/json">{"id":31448643,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Murray","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RichardMurray6","display_name":"Richard Murray","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RichardMurray6?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31448643/9282622/10347685/s65_richard.murray.jpg_oh_40f3eea9335ace444c7b7296f413d495_oe_5605d45c___gda___1443044952_6dce13a5e64978151205ec7d55cfb41a"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_28545936 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="28545936"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 28545936, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_28545936", }); 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Merupakan materi yang dirilis untuk grup KASBI (kajian Syariah dan Budaya Islam).</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43338108" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7e9d2735a38b7c1743522d0d83b85272" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63623495,"asset_id":43338108,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63623495/download_file?st=MTc0MTAwNTM3OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13183149" href="https://ptiq.academia.edu/DidikDarmadi">Didik Darmadi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13183149" type="text/json">{"id":13183149,"first_name":"Didik","last_name":"Darmadi","domain_name":"ptiq","page_name":"DidikDarmadi","display_name":"Didik Darmadi","profile_url":"https://ptiq.academia.edu/DidikDarmadi?f_ri=15967","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13183149/3709292/72020670/s65_didik.darmadi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43338108 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43338108"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43338108, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43338108", }); 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Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sejarah_Peradaban_Islam?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true},{"id":2765415,"name":"Sirah and Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sirah_and_Islamic_History?f_ri=15967","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="u-taCenter Pagination"><ul class="pagination"><li class="next_page"><a href="/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?after=50%2C43338108" rel="next">Next</a></li><li class="last next"><a href="/Documents/in/Biographical_Literature_of_the_Prophet_Muhammad_Sirah_Rasul_Allah_?page=last">Last »</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm"><div class="u-pl6x"><div style="width: 300px;"><div class="panel panel-flat u-mt7x"><div class="panel-heading u-p5x"><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-taCenter u-fw700 u-textUppercase">Related Topics</div></div><ul class="list-group"><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div 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