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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Sufism</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">90,626 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Sufism</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Sufism">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37074623" data-work_id="37074623" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37074623/Franklin_Lewis_Tale_of_the_Righteous_Woman_Whose_Husband_had_Gone_on_a_Journey_A_Poetic_Translation_from_the_Elahi_Nameh_of_Farid_al_Din_Attar">Franklin Lewis, "Tale of the Righteous Woman (Whose Husband had Gone on a Journey)" A Poetic Translation from the Elahi-Nameh of Farid al-Din Attar</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">This is a blank verse translation in English of the first tale of the Elahi-nameh of Attar, exploring gender, sexual predation, chastity, holiness, forgiveness, righteous rule.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37074623" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5f3f489c16f70f97291763b3843b6df4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57026022,"asset_id":37074623,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57026022/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="95698" href="https://chicago.academia.edu/FranklinLewis">Franklin Lewis</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="95698" type="text/json">{"id":95698,"first_name":"Franklin","last_name":"Lewis","domain_name":"chicago","page_name":"FranklinLewis","display_name":"Franklin Lewis","profile_url":"https://chicago.academia.edu/FranklinLewis?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/95698/26468/24406/s65_franklin.lewis.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37074623 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37074623"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37074623, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37074623", }); 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Visually, its characters have attracted poets who find the likeness of the beloved in their shapes. Spiritually, it enjoys a special status as the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44450318" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Persian poets since Rūdakī have drawn on the letter symbolism of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. Visually, its characters have attracted poets who find the likeness of the beloved in their shapes. Spiritually, it enjoys a special status as the language of the Koran and therefore, in the eyes of some, God. Classical Persian lyric poetry combined these aesthetic and religious connotations, and as one of the foremost voices in that tradition, Ḥāfiẓ was no exception. But a review of the extant literature shows that, as a trope, letter symbolism has been largely overlooked when compared with wine, the moth, or the candle. Through a comprehensive study of the let-ters' use in Ḥāfiẓ's dīvān, this article argues that, by playing with particular letters' connotations, or punning on their physical shapes and homographs, Ḥāfiẓ invokes disparate meanings, only to then reveal their underlying unity, in the process affirming the affinity between love and language, the beloved and the divine.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44450318" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ac143335e181be58c7174cef974f7d53" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64872371,"asset_id":44450318,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64872371/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24752248" href="https://cambridge.academia.edu/PSykes">Patrick Sykes</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24752248" type="text/json">{"id":24752248,"first_name":"Patrick","last_name":"Sykes","domain_name":"cambridge","page_name":"PSykes","display_name":"Patrick Sykes","profile_url":"https://cambridge.academia.edu/PSykes?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24752248/10186376/22389357/s65_patrick.sykes.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44450318 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44450318"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44450318, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44450318", }); 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Through a comprehensive study of the let-ters' use in Ḥāfiẓ's dīvān, this article argues that, by playing with particular letters' connotations, or punning on their physical shapes and homographs, Ḥāfiẓ invokes disparate meanings, only to then reveal their underlying unity, in the process affirming the affinity between love and language, the beloved and the divine.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64872371,"asset_id":44450318,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24752248,"first_name":"Patrick","last_name":"Sykes","domain_name":"cambridge","page_name":"PSykes","display_name":"Patrick Sykes","profile_url":"https://cambridge.academia.edu/PSykes?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24752248/10186376/22389357/s65_patrick.sykes.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1269,"name":"Persian 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Structures.","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judeo-Arabic_Culture_in_the_Middle_Ages_Theological_Relationships_between_Islam_in_particular_Shi?f_ri=11152"},{"id":166758,"name":"Mahayana","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mahayana?f_ri=11152"},{"id":759153,"name":"medieval islam and Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/medieval_islam_and_Judaism?f_ri=11152"},{"id":1023336,"name":"Universal Spirituality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Universal_Spirituality?f_ri=11152"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38802288" data-work_id="38802288" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38802288/Remains_of_Ottoman_buildings_in_the_city_of_al_Ludd">Remains of Ottoman buildings in the city of al-Ludd</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The location of the city of al-Ludd, between the lowlands and the coastal plain, made it an attractive settlement site through the ages. This location brought with it, on the one hand, a fertile catchment area and on the other, caravans... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38802288" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The location of the city of al-Ludd, between the lowlands and the coastal plain, made it an attractive settlement site through the ages. This location brought with it, on the one hand, a fertile catchment area and on the other, caravans looking for a safe inland route. The last settlement phase that resulted in the medieval town was extant until the mid-twentieth century, whence it was demolished leaving only a dozen buildings standing. Those remains are the starting point for this study in which we discuss topics such as shrines, sheikhs' tombs, the soap industry and public bath, presented here as part of a preliminary survey that lays the ground for further discussion of the town's urban dynamics.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38802288" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c93bf9d370a3758a54155a7c6360cf4f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58893550,"asset_id":38802288,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58893550/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2633127" href="https://huji.academia.edu/tawfiqdaadli">Tawfiq Da'adli توفيق دعادله</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2633127" type="text/json">{"id":2633127,"first_name":"Tawfiq","last_name":"Da'adli توفيق دعادله","domain_name":"huji","page_name":"tawfiqdaadli","display_name":"Tawfiq Da'adli توفيق دعادله","profile_url":"https://huji.academia.edu/tawfiqdaadli?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2633127/11197271/150699986/s65_tawfiq.da_adli_.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38802288 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38802288"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38802288, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38802288", }); 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This location brought with it, on the one hand, a fertile catchment area and on the other, caravans looking for a safe inland route. The last settlement phase that resulted in the medieval town was extant until the mid-twentieth century, whence it was demolished leaving only a dozen buildings standing. Those remains are the starting point for this study in which we discuss topics such as shrines, sheikhs' tombs, the soap industry and public bath, presented here as part of a preliminary survey that lays the ground for further discussion of the town's urban dynamics.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58893550,"asset_id":38802288,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2633127,"first_name":"Tawfiq","last_name":"Da'adli توفيق دعادله","domain_name":"huji","page_name":"tawfiqdaadli","display_name":"Tawfiq Da'adli توفيق دعادله","profile_url":"https://huji.academia.edu/tawfiqdaadli?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2633127/11197271/150699986/s65_tawfiq.da_adli_.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1187,"name":"Ottoman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_History?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":6693,"name":"Palestine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Palestine?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":142723,"name":"Islamic art and architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_art_and_architecture?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38983645" data-work_id="38983645" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38983645/Kuehn_S_The_Dragon_as_Symbol_of_Transformation_The_Dragon_in_Medieval_East_Christian_and_Islamic_Art_Leiden_Brill_2011_195_204">Kuehn, S., “The Dragon as Symbol of Transformation,” The Dragon in Medieval East Christian and Islamic Art (Leiden: Brill 2011), 195–204</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Preeminent metaphor of change and transformation on the mystic path, the dragon serves also as allegory of guardianship of heavenly treasure and hidden mysteries.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38983645" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d5da509af63376c1b42cc9f3c25372a1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59089688,"asset_id":38983645,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59089688/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4319196" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/SaraKuehn">Sara Kuehn</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4319196" type="text/json">{"id":4319196,"first_name":"Sara","last_name":"Kuehn","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"SaraKuehn","display_name":"Sara Kuehn","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/SaraKuehn?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4319196/17875221/17894966/s65_sara.kuehn.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38983645 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38983645"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38983645, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38983645", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38983645]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38983645").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38983645").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38983645"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8916" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Art">Islamic Art</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8916" type="text/json">{"id":8916,"name":"Islamic Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Art?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11152" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism">Sufism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11152" type="text/json">{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19335" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_myth_and_religion">Ancient myth and religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19335" type="text/json">{"id":19335,"name":"Ancient myth and religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_myth_and_religion?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="30571" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Mysticism">Islamic Mysticism</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="30571" type="text/json">{"id":30571,"name":"Islamic Mysticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Mysticism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38983645]'), work: {"id":38983645,"title":"Kuehn, S., “The Dragon as Symbol of Transformation,” The Dragon in Medieval East Christian and Islamic Art (Leiden: Brill 2011), 195–204","created_at":"2019-04-30T08:55:57.173-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38983645/Kuehn_S_The_Dragon_as_Symbol_of_Transformation_The_Dragon_in_Medieval_East_Christian_and_Islamic_Art_Leiden_Brill_2011_195_204?f_ri=11152","dom_id":"work_38983645","summary":"Preeminent metaphor of change and transformation on the mystic path, the dragon serves also as allegory of guardianship of heavenly treasure and hidden mysteries.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59089688,"asset_id":38983645,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4319196,"first_name":"Sara","last_name":"Kuehn","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"SaraKuehn","display_name":"Sara Kuehn","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/SaraKuehn?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4319196/17875221/17894966/s65_sara.kuehn.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8916,"name":"Islamic Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Art?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":19335,"name":"Ancient myth and religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_myth_and_religion?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":30571,"name":"Islamic Mysticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Mysticism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36147267" data-work_id="36147267" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36147267/Le_Grand_Magal_est_un_Carnaval_Ludisme_au_Sein_du_Mysticisme_Mouride">Le Grand Magal est un Carnaval : Ludisme au Sein du Mysticisme Mouride</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Bakhtine a décrit le carnaval comme un espace utopique, populiste et festif. Mon propos est que le Grand Magal, un événement religieux mouride au Sénégal ainsi qu'une fête nationale populaire, partage de nombreux parallèles notables avec... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36147267" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Bakhtine a décrit le carnaval comme un espace utopique, populiste et festif. Mon propos est que le Grand Magal, un événement religieux mouride au Sénégal ainsi qu'une fête nationale populaire, partage de nombreux parallèles notables avec le carnaval, un argument qui permet de mieux comprendre son importance de même que sa nature. Tout comme le carnaval, le Grand Magal est un espace contradictoire où les oppositions binaires s'estompent : les participants y célèbrent non seulement leur foi mais aussi leur existence humaine en embrassant les plaisirs mondains. Temporairement libérée des règles et des rôles habituels dictés par la vie quotidienne, la communauté mouride peut envisager le futur et le renouvellement, et ainsi échapper aux difficultés de la réalité. Fondée en 1887 par le Cheikh Ahmadou Bamba – fondateur du mouvement soufi musulman – à la suite d'une vision sacrée, la ville de Touba, au Sénégal, est le centre spirituel des Mourides. Chaque 18 Safar, au mois de novembre, environ 4 à 5 millions de Soufis font leur pèlerinage – leur zyara – à Touba. Celui-ci se nomme le Grand Magal : le Magal Gu Ma en wolof. Mag signifie « être important » ou « être vieux ». Magal peut donc être traduit par « célébration » ou « anniversaire » (Coulon 1999 : 196). Pendant le Magal, les disciples mourides – les talibés – font une circumambulation autour des monuments associés au Fondateur, tels que sa tombe, qui se trouve dans la grande mosquée construite en son honneur. Ils présentent des offrandes à leurs marabouts et surtout font des oblations au Khalife Général, qui est</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36147267" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ae0191adb26c3ea06d8759c556b11dbb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56101151,"asset_id":36147267,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56101151/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="712314" href="https://ubc.academia.edu/KateKingsbury">Kate Kingsbury</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="712314" type="text/json">{"id":712314,"first_name":"Kate","last_name":"Kingsbury","domain_name":"ubc","page_name":"KateKingsbury","display_name":"Kate Kingsbury","profile_url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/KateKingsbury?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/712314/241517/118078689/s65_kate.kingsbury.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36147267 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36147267"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36147267, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36147267", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36147267]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36147267").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36147267").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36147267"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="106" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion">Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="106" type="text/json">{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2808" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poverty">Poverty</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2808" type="text/json">{"id":2808,"name":"Poverty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poverty?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5671" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/West_Africa">West Africa</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5671" type="text/json">{"id":5671,"name":"West Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/West_Africa?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11152" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism">Sufism</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11152" type="text/json">{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36147267]'), work: {"id":36147267,"title":"Le Grand Magal est un Carnaval : Ludisme au Sein du Mysticisme Mouride","created_at":"2018-03-12T20:27:05.763-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36147267/Le_Grand_Magal_est_un_Carnaval_Ludisme_au_Sein_du_Mysticisme_Mouride?f_ri=11152","dom_id":"work_36147267","summary":"Bakhtine a décrit le carnaval comme un espace utopique, populiste et festif. Mon propos est que le Grand Magal, un événement religieux mouride au Sénégal ainsi qu'une fête nationale populaire, partage de nombreux parallèles notables avec le carnaval, un argument qui permet de mieux comprendre son importance de même que sa nature. Tout comme le carnaval, le Grand Magal est un espace contradictoire où les oppositions binaires s'estompent : les participants y célèbrent non seulement leur foi mais aussi leur existence humaine en embrassant les plaisirs mondains. Temporairement libérée des règles et des rôles habituels dictés par la vie quotidienne, la communauté mouride peut envisager le futur et le renouvellement, et ainsi échapper aux difficultés de la réalité. Fondée en 1887 par le Cheikh Ahmadou Bamba – fondateur du mouvement soufi musulman – à la suite d'une vision sacrée, la ville de Touba, au Sénégal, est le centre spirituel des Mourides. Chaque 18 Safar, au mois de novembre, environ 4 à 5 millions de Soufis font leur pèlerinage – leur zyara – à Touba. Celui-ci se nomme le Grand Magal : le Magal Gu Ma en wolof. Mag signifie « être important » ou « être vieux ». Magal peut donc être traduit par « célébration » ou « anniversaire » (Coulon 1999 : 196). Pendant le Magal, les disciples mourides – les talibés – font une circumambulation autour des monuments associés au Fondateur, tels que sa tombe, qui se trouve dans la grande mosquée construite en son honneur. Ils présentent des offrandes à leurs marabouts et surtout font des oblations au Khalife Général, qui est","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56101151,"asset_id":36147267,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":712314,"first_name":"Kate","last_name":"Kingsbury","domain_name":"ubc","page_name":"KateKingsbury","display_name":"Kate Kingsbury","profile_url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/KateKingsbury?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/712314/241517/118078689/s65_kate.kingsbury.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":2808,"name":"Poverty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poverty?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":5671,"name":"West Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/West_Africa?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":14157,"name":"The Carnivalesque","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Carnivalesque?f_ri=11152"},{"id":35618,"name":"Senegal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Senegal?f_ri=11152"},{"id":50019,"name":"Mikhail Bakhtin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mikhail_Bakhtin?f_ri=11152"},{"id":52095,"name":"Bakhtin carnival and the grotesque body","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bakhtin_carnival_and_the_grotesque_body?f_ri=11152"},{"id":91070,"name":"Inequality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inequality?f_ri=11152"},{"id":307587,"name":"Sufisme","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufisme?f_ri=11152"},{"id":308674,"name":"Bakthin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bakthin?f_ri=11152"},{"id":693503,"name":"Cheikh Amadou Bamba","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cheikh_Amadou_Bamba?f_ri=11152"},{"id":738692,"name":"Touba","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Touba?f_ri=11152"},{"id":1223669,"name":"Hunger and development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunger_and_development?f_ri=11152"},{"id":1576927,"name":"Les Mourides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Les_Mourides?f_ri=11152"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4789076" data-work_id="4789076" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4789076/The_Comfort_of_the_Mystics_%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%88%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%86">The Comfort of the Mystics سلوة العارفين وأنس المشتاقين</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This critical Arabic text edition of Salwat al-ʿārifīn wa-uns al-mushtāqīn, a manual of early Sufism by Abū Khalaf al-Ṭabarī (d. ca. 470/1077), is based on a very old manuscript preserved in Dār al-Kutub al-Miṣrīya of Cairo, Egypt and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4789076" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This critical Arabic text edition of Salwat al-ʿārifīn wa-uns al-mushtāqīn, a manual of early Sufism by Abū Khalaf al-Ṭabarī (d. ca. 470/1077), is based on a very old manuscript preserved in Dār al-Kutub al-Miṣrīya of Cairo, Egypt and copied in 459/1067. It is introduced by a detailed analytical study of the author and his work. Salwat al-ʿārifīn forms an integral part of Sufi literature and reflects Islamic developments in Nishapur in northeastern Iran. This crucial Arabic text, published for the first time, is especially valuable because of its great philological accuracy and sound textual tradition. It represents an essential source for the intellectual history of Islam during the middle of the 4th/10th to the middle of the 5th/11th century.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4789076" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a5b622c4041d8a63da585fc7f1fe8c0a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32091738,"asset_id":4789076,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32091738/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4244" href="https://aub-lb.academia.edu/BilalOrfali">Bilal Orfali</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4244" type="text/json">{"id":4244,"first_name":"Bilal","last_name":"Orfali","domain_name":"aub-lb","page_name":"BilalOrfali","display_name":"Bilal Orfali","profile_url":"https://aub-lb.academia.edu/BilalOrfali?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4244/1686/36291851/s65_bilal.orfali.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4789076 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4789076"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4789076, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4789076", }); 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It represents an essential source for the intellectual history of Islam during the middle of the 4th/10th to the middle of the 5th/11th century.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32091738,"asset_id":4789076,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4244,"first_name":"Bilal","last_name":"Orfali","domain_name":"aub-lb","page_name":"BilalOrfali","display_name":"Bilal Orfali","profile_url":"https://aub-lb.academia.edu/BilalOrfali?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4244/1686/36291851/s65_bilal.orfali.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1270,"name":"Arabic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Literature?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":1528,"name":"Arabic Poetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Poetry?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":1529,"name":"Arabic Prose Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Prose_Literature?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":7322,"name":"Mysticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mysticism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=11152"},{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152"},{"id":13989,"name":"Classical Arabic Poetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Arabic_Poetry?f_ri=11152"},{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=11152"},{"id":30571,"name":"Islamic Mysticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Mysticism?f_ri=11152"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8731498" data-work_id="8731498" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8731498/A_Sufi_s_Paradise_and_Hell_%CA%BFAz%C4%ABz_i_Nasaf%C4%AB_s_fl_mid_7th_13th_c_Epistle_on_the_Otherworld">A Sufi’s Paradise and Hell: ʿAzīz-i Nasafī’s (fl. mid-7th/13th c.) Epistle on the Otherworld</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8731498" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c387f693d08030e45a196d2bac8f0336" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35081703,"asset_id":8731498,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35081703/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="488097" href="https://uu.academia.edu/ChristianLange">Christian Lange</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="488097" type="text/json">{"id":488097,"first_name":"Christian","last_name":"Lange","domain_name":"uu","page_name":"ChristianLange","display_name":"Christian Lange","profile_url":"https://uu.academia.edu/ChristianLange?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/488097/166234/2478885/s65_christian.lange.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8731498 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8731498"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8731498, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8731498", }); 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Epistle on the Otherworld","created_at":"2014-10-10T19:13:45.781-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8731498/A_Sufi_s_Paradise_and_Hell_%CA%BFAz%C4%ABz_i_Nasaf%C4%AB_s_fl_mid_7th_13th_c_Epistle_on_the_Otherworld?f_ri=11152","dom_id":"work_8731498","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35081703,"asset_id":8731498,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":488097,"first_name":"Christian","last_name":"Lange","domain_name":"uu","page_name":"ChristianLange","display_name":"Christian Lange","profile_url":"https://uu.academia.edu/ChristianLange?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/488097/166234/2478885/s65_christian.lange.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7992,"name":"Eschatology and Apocalypticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eschatology_and_Apocalypticism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_28277591" data-work_id="28277591" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/28277591/Yogic_Pranayama_from_Patanjali_via_Al_Biruni_to_Abraham_Abulafia_A_Case_of_Medieval_Cross_Cultural_Transmission">Yogic Pranayama from Patanjali via Al-Biruni to Abraham Abulafia: A Case of Medieval Cross-Cultural Transmission?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Abraham Abulafia (1240–1290) is considered to be one of the most significant Jewish mystics and is one of the few who taught a comprehensive system of meditative practices designed to induce ecstatic religious experiences. At the heart of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_28277591" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Abraham Abulafia (1240–1290) is considered to be one of the most significant Jewish mystics and is one of the few who taught a comprehensive system of meditative practices designed to induce ecstatic religious experiences. At the heart of Abulafia’s meditation techniques lies the coordination of breath and body while pronouncing the Hebrew letters of the Name of God. Specifically, Abulafia instructs the practitioner to empty and stop the breath, paralleling a technical breathing practice in Yogic Pranayama called “Kumbhaka”. The Islamic polymath Al-Biruni’s (973–1048) Arabic translation of Patanjali’s Yoga Sutras is proposed as one possible transmission vector for this Yoga technique across radically different cultures and geographies into Abulafia’s method, which then profoundly influenced major Jewish personalities down to our day.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/28277591" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="435162" rel="nofollow" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AviSolomon">Avi Solomon</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="435162" type="text/json">{"id":435162,"first_name":"Avi","last_name":"Solomon","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AviSolomon","display_name":"Avi Solomon","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AviSolomon?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/435162/132319/35000159/s65_avi.solomon.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_28277591 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="28277591"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 28277591, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_28277591", }); 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The Islamic polymath Al-Biruni’s (973–1048) Arabic translation of Patanjali’s Yoga Sutras is proposed as one possible transmission vector for this Yoga technique across radically different cultures and geographies into Abulafia’s method, which then profoundly influenced major Jewish personalities down to our day.","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":435162,"first_name":"Avi","last_name":"Solomon","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AviSolomon","display_name":"Avi Solomon","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AviSolomon?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/435162/132319/35000159/s65_avi.solomon.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":114,"name":"Hinduism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hinduism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":1053,"name":"History of Ideas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Ideas?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":3815,"name":"Spirituality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spirituality?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":4104,"name":"Yoga","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Yoga?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":4264,"name":"Jewish Mysticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Mysticism?f_ri=11152"},{"id":7322,"name":"Mysticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mysticism?f_ri=11152"},{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152"},{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=11152"},{"id":24149,"name":"Occultism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Occultism?f_ri=11152"},{"id":26418,"name":"Kabbalah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kabbalah?f_ri=11152"},{"id":26445,"name":"Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judaism?f_ri=11152"},{"id":57275,"name":"Meditation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Meditation?f_ri=11152"},{"id":58930,"name":"Esotericism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Esotericism?f_ri=11152"},{"id":122795,"name":"Abraham abulafia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abraham_abulafia?f_ri=11152"},{"id":373432,"name":"Al-Biruni","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Al-Biruni?f_ri=11152"},{"id":861605,"name":"Patanjali","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patanjali?f_ri=11152"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30145020" data-work_id="30145020" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30145020/The_Problem_withWhat_is_Questions_the_Literalism_of_Islamic_Law_and_the_Importance_of_Being_Islamic_Review_of_Shahab_Ahmeds_What_is_Islam">The Problem with`What is . . .?' 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Necdet Tosun), Ankara 2015","created_at":"2015-09-19T09:12:10.858-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/15905361/Ahmed_Yesevi_ed_Necdet_Tosun_Ankara_2015?f_ri=11152","dom_id":"work_15905361","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38822601,"asset_id":15905361,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":193058,"first_name":"Necdet","last_name":"Tosun","domain_name":"marmara","page_name":"NecdetTosun","display_name":"Necdet Tosun","profile_url":"https://marmara.academia.edu/NecdetTosun?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/193058/2810654/29108854/s65_necdet.tosun.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6032,"name":"Central Asian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Central_Asian_Studies?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":51464,"name":"Tasavvuf","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tasavvuf?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7207025" data-work_id="7207025" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7207025/Theological_Metaphysics_of_Avicenna">Theological Metaphysics of Avicenna</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The famous argument for the existence of God is analyzed with a survey of the Greek and Arabic influences of Avicenna's system. Turning to the text, The Salvation, ‘’Metaphysics,’’ II. 12, it is stated that ‘’at any one and the same... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7207025" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The famous argument for the existence of God is analyzed with a survey of the Greek and Arabic influences of Avicenna's system. <br /> <br />Turning to the text, The Salvation, ‘’Metaphysics,’’ II. 12, it is stated that ‘’at any one and the same time there cannot be for anything that is possible in itself a cause that is possible ad infinitum’’ (II.12.2). Here he’s saying that a possible being cannot have an infinite amount of causes at the same time. Because if that infinite totality of causes would itself have either an internal cause or an external necessary cause. It can’t be internal, because it would either be (a) necessary, which is not an option because everything internal to that totality is possible; then (b) an internal possible cause – which is not an option because that would make it a part of the totality and a part can’t be a cause of the whole. So if that cause is not internal, then it has to be external. It can’t be possible, because all of the possible causes have been established in that inner totality. Therefore it has to be necessary. He concludes the argument by stating that: <br />Thus, things existing possibly terminate in a cause existing necessarily, in which case not every effect that exists as something possible will have simultaneously with it a cause that exists as something possible, and so an infinite number of causes existing at a single time is impossible. (II.12.2) <br />This argument can be considered as a subsidiary conclusion to Avicenna’s main argument for the proof of God’s existence (McGinnis 166-67). There are considered to be four main categories of arguments: (1) the metaphysical proof from necessity; (2) the proof from movement; (3) the proof from causality; (4) the proof from ontology (Netton 172-73). The themes are similar to the discussions on the problem of infinite causal regress as discussed for example in book two of Alexander of Aphrodisias’ On Aristotle’s Metaphysics. I think that he is essentially concerned with establishing a logical argument that integrates a hierarchy of ontological causality rather than simply natural causality. In that sense, it could be considered similar to the ‘’a posteriori cosmological arguments’’ of the quinque via  of ThomasAquinas (Netton 173).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7207025" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="001460726d2fd11c788007459c7c7050" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60355132,"asset_id":7207025,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60355132/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="707278" href="https://mcgill.academia.edu/MarkLamarre">Mark Lamarre</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="707278" type="text/json">{"id":707278,"first_name":"Mark","last_name":"Lamarre","domain_name":"mcgill","page_name":"MarkLamarre","display_name":"Mark Lamarre","profile_url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/MarkLamarre?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/707278/291629/27561331/s65_mark.lamarre.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7207025 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7207025"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7207025, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7207025", }); 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Here he’s saying that a possible being cannot have an infinite amount of causes at the same time. Because if that infinite totality of causes would itself have either an internal cause or an external necessary cause. It can’t be internal, because it would either be (a) necessary, which is not an option because everything internal to that totality is possible; then (b) an internal possible cause – which is not an option because that would make it a part of the totality and a part can’t be a cause of the whole. So if that cause is not internal, then it has to be external. It can’t be possible, because all of the possible causes have been established in that inner totality. Therefore it has to be necessary. He concludes the argument by stating that:\r\nThus, things existing possibly terminate in a cause existing necessarily, in which case not every effect that exists as something possible will have simultaneously with it a cause that exists as something possible, and so an infinite number of causes existing at a single time is impossible. (II.12.2)\r\nThis argument can be considered as a subsidiary conclusion to Avicenna’s main argument for the proof of God’s existence (McGinnis 166-67). There are considered to be four main categories of arguments: (1) the metaphysical proof from necessity; (2) the proof from movement; (3) the proof from causality; (4) the proof from ontology (Netton 172-73). The themes are similar to the discussions on the problem of infinite causal regress as discussed for example in book two of Alexander of Aphrodisias’ On Aristotle’s Metaphysics. I think that he is essentially concerned with establishing a logical argument that integrates a hierarchy of ontological causality rather than simply natural causality. In that sense, it could be considered similar to the ‘’a posteriori cosmological arguments’’ of the quinque via of ThomasAquinas (Netton 173).\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60355132,"asset_id":7207025,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":707278,"first_name":"Mark","last_name":"Lamarre","domain_name":"mcgill","page_name":"MarkLamarre","display_name":"Mark Lamarre","profile_url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/MarkLamarre?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/707278/291629/27561331/s65_mark.lamarre.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":825,"name":"Medieval Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Philosophy?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":5674,"name":"Islamic Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":5675,"name":"Kalam (Islamic 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I argue that Sayyid Ahmed used a Sufi devotional premise to understand and explain principles of orthodoxy. He also applied a concept of innate spiritual knowledge to reformed practice, suggesting that ordinary people, without scholarly... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3460486" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">. I argue that Sayyid Ahmed used a Sufi devotional premise to understand and explain principles of orthodoxy. He also applied a concept of innate spiritual knowledge to reformed practice, suggesting that ordinary people, without scholarly training, could determine and apply the principles of orthodox practice of Islam for themselves and for others. His movement modified traditional seminary-centred teaching and leadership through the creation of a popular and easily transferrable system of practice rooted in the community and imprinted with the obligation to spread reformist teachings.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3460486" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fa4389316d4f9333231478ebd0f9c058" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33980215,"asset_id":3460486,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33980215/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1499127" href="https://um-boston.academia.edu/sanaharoon">Sana Haroon</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1499127" type="text/json">{"id":1499127,"first_name":"Sana","last_name":"Haroon","domain_name":"um-boston","page_name":"sanaharoon","display_name":"Sana Haroon","profile_url":"https://um-boston.academia.edu/sanaharoon?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1499127/24237296/42799451/s65_sana.haroon.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3460486 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3460486"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3460486, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3460486", }); 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I argue that Sayyid Ahmed used a Sufi devotional premise to understand and explain principles of orthodoxy. He also applied a concept of innate spiritual knowledge to reformed practice, suggesting that ordinary people, without scholarly training, could determine and apply the principles of orthodox practice of Islam for themselves and for others. His movement modified traditional seminary-centred teaching and leadership through the creation of a popular and easily transferrable system of practice rooted in the community and imprinted with the obligation to spread reformist teachings.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33980215,"asset_id":3460486,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1499127,"first_name":"Sana","last_name":"Haroon","domain_name":"um-boston","page_name":"sanaharoon","display_name":"Sana Haroon","profile_url":"https://um-boston.academia.edu/sanaharoon?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1499127/24237296/42799451/s65_sana.haroon.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3024,"name":"History of India","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_India?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":7322,"name":"Mysticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mysticism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":109619,"name":"Orthodoxy/Heterodoxy dynamics in Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orthodoxy_Heterodoxy_dynamics_in_Islam?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30262748" data-work_id="30262748" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30262748/Review_What_is_Islam_by_Shahab_Ahmed_Islam_and_Christian_Muslim_Relations">Review: What is Islam by Shahab Ahmed ~ Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">‘[A] valid concept of “Islam” must denote and connote all possible “Islams,” whether abstract or “real,” mental or social’ (104)... Ahmed seeks to avoid two major pitfalls: (1) making Islam into a static essence or a category within an... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30262748" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">‘[A] valid concept of “Islam” must denote and connote all possible “Islams,” whether abstract or “real,” mental or social’ (104)... Ahmed seeks to avoid two major pitfalls: (1) making Islam into a static essence or a category within an essentialist framework – such as proscription/prescription, ‘religion’,‘civilization’, ‘culture’, ‘orthodoxy’, etc., and (2) rendering Islam into a totally incoherent concept by conceding that there are as many islams as there are communities or individuals. Ahmed’s thesis (presented in Chapter 5) is that Islam is best conceptualized as a process of meaning-making or hermeneutical engagement in which the human agent engages with the Divine Revelation granted to Muhammad in one or more of this Revelation’s hierarchical dimensions – Pre-Text, Text, and Con-Text – in order to constitute meaning for himself."</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30262748" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0ba5687e7c3fca367e52e5b4ccd4a6d1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50730133,"asset_id":30262748,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50730133/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1650421" href="https://augustana.academia.edu/KhalilAndani">Khalil Andani</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1650421" type="text/json">{"id":1650421,"first_name":"Khalil","last_name":"Andani","domain_name":"augustana","page_name":"KhalilAndani","display_name":"Khalil Andani","profile_url":"https://augustana.academia.edu/KhalilAndani?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1650421/573459/35118166/s65_khalil.andani.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30262748 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30262748"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30262748, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30262748", }); 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Ahmed’s thesis (presented in Chapter 5) is that Islam is best conceptualized as a process of meaning-making or hermeneutical engagement in which the human agent engages with the Divine Revelation granted to Muhammad in one or more of this Revelation’s hierarchical dimensions – Pre-Text, Text, and Con-Text – in order to constitute meaning for himself.\"","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50730133,"asset_id":30262748,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1650421,"first_name":"Khalil","last_name":"Andani","domain_name":"augustana","page_name":"KhalilAndani","display_name":"Khalil Andani","profile_url":"https://augustana.academia.edu/KhalilAndani?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1650421/573459/35118166/s65_khalil.andani.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":217,"name":"Sociology of 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href="https://www.academia.edu/40767663/Neo_traditionalism_in_the_West_Navigating_Modernity_Tradition_and_Politics">Neo-traditionalism in the West: Navigating Modernity, Tradition, and Politics</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Table of Content</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40767663" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="323e83e1f147117bc0590682838a55d1" rel="nofollow" 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href="https://www.academia.edu/42682999/THE_FORTRESS_OF_ENCHANTING_IMAGES_THE_LAST_UNFINISHED_STORY_OF_RUMI">THE FORTRESS OF ENCHANTING IMAGES: THE LAST UNFINISHED STORY OF RUMI</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The intention of this study is to examine the last tale of Sufi master Jalal-e-din Rumi in his masterpiece Masnavi or Mathnavi (trans. 2003). Sufism is one of the world's established mystical traditions and the Sufi Order is a school that... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42682999" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The intention of this study is to examine the last tale of Sufi master Jalal-e-din Rumi in his masterpiece Masnavi or Mathnavi (trans. 2003). Sufism is one of the world's established mystical traditions and the Sufi Order is a school that offers training for initiates. Storytelling is an integral and important tradition within Sufism, fomenting the soul’s growth through knowledge. The medium of storytelling speaks directly to the heart and soul of the listener, penetrating where mere informational and intellectual lectures do not.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42682999" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6868b9bbef00297893ebc63a5f2461c8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62892643,"asset_id":42682999,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62892643/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7235950" href="https://pacifica.academia.edu/NassBeyra">Nasrin Beyraghdar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7235950" type="text/json">{"id":7235950,"first_name":"Nasrin","last_name":"Beyraghdar","domain_name":"pacifica","page_name":"NassBeyra","display_name":"Nasrin Beyraghdar","profile_url":"https://pacifica.academia.edu/NassBeyra?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7235950/11016999/34175396/s65_nasrin.beyraghdar.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42682999 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42682999"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42682999, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42682999", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_42682999 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42682999; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_42682999"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_42682999 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42682999"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42682999; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42682999]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42682999").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42682999").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42682999"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11152" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism">Sufism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11152" type="text/json">{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18867" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carl_G_Jung">Carl G. 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Magia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_Social_De_La_Magia?f_ri=11152"},{"id":1028885,"name":"Magie","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magie?f_ri=11152"},{"id":1171748,"name":"Magia Y Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magia_Y_Religion?f_ri=11152"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38376975" data-work_id="38376975" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38376975/Pregnant_Males_Barren_Mothers_and_Religious_Transvestism_Transcending_Gender_in_the_Songs_and_Practices_of_Heterodox_Bengali_Lineages">Pregnant Males, Barren Mothers, and Religious Transvestism Transcending Gender in the Songs and Practices of “Heterodox” Bengali Lineages</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Realizing the constructed nature of gender is often described as a twentieth-century Western phenomenon. Nevertheless, in several South Asian religious traditions, practitioners are instructed through songs and oral teachings to exchange... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38376975" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Realizing the constructed nature of gender is often described as a twentieth-century<br />Western phenomenon. Nevertheless, in several South Asian<br />religious traditions, practitioners are instructed through songs and oral teachings<br />to exchange and ultimately transcend gender identities. In this article<br />I discuss the practices aimed at transcending gender identity among some<br />contemporary Bengali lineages that have been defined as “heterodox” by<br />nineteenth-century reformers. Several lineages in West Bengal and Bangladesh<br />perform cross-dressing and meditative identification with the opposite<br />sex. I discuss such practices using songs, riddles, and oral sources collected<br />during fieldwork conducted between 2011 and 2015. I then briefly trace the<br />history of religious transvestism in South Asian literature, while contextualizing<br />this practice within Vaishnava and Sufi traditions. Finally, I discuss how<br />similar phenomena have been interpreted by modern and postmodern scholarship<br />to conclude with a conceptual framework for interpreting “pregnant<br />males” and “barren mothers” in light of contemporary gender theories, with<br />reference to performativity and ritual liminality.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38376975" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="490dfb9f499adddb058ad598e1847f3c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58431715,"asset_id":38376975,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58431715/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1310549" href="https://uni-tuebingen1.academia.edu/CAROLAERIKALOREA">CAROLA ERIKA LOREA</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1310549" type="text/json">{"id":1310549,"first_name":"CAROLA ERIKA","last_name":"LOREA","domain_name":"uni-tuebingen1","page_name":"CAROLAERIKALOREA","display_name":"CAROLA ERIKA LOREA","profile_url":"https://uni-tuebingen1.academia.edu/CAROLAERIKALOREA?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1310549/688021/120596659/s65_carola_erika.lorea.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38376975 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38376975"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38376975, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38376975", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38376975]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38376975").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38376975").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38376975"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3499" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_and_Cultural_Anthropology">Social and Cultural Anthropology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3499" type="text/json">{"id":3499,"name":"Social and Cultural Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_and_Cultural_Anthropology?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3558" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Asian_Studies">South Asian Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3558" type="text/json">{"id":3558,"name":"South Asian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Asian_Studies?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7024" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender">Gender</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7024" type="text/json">{"id":7024,"name":"Gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10934" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vaishnavism">Vaishnavism</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="10934" type="text/json">{"id":10934,"name":"Vaishnavism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vaishnavism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38376975]'), work: {"id":38376975,"title":"Pregnant Males, Barren Mothers, and Religious Transvestism Transcending Gender in the Songs and Practices of “Heterodox” Bengali Lineages","created_at":"2019-02-18T02:50:49.378-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38376975/Pregnant_Males_Barren_Mothers_and_Religious_Transvestism_Transcending_Gender_in_the_Songs_and_Practices_of_Heterodox_Bengali_Lineages?f_ri=11152","dom_id":"work_38376975","summary":"Realizing the constructed nature of gender is often described as a twentieth-century\nWestern phenomenon. Nevertheless, in several South Asian\nreligious traditions, practitioners are instructed through songs and oral teachings\nto exchange and ultimately transcend gender identities. In this article\nI discuss the practices aimed at transcending gender identity among some\ncontemporary Bengali lineages that have been defined as “heterodox” by\nnineteenth-century reformers. Several lineages in West Bengal and Bangladesh\nperform cross-dressing and meditative identification with the opposite\nsex. I discuss such practices using songs, riddles, and oral sources collected\nduring fieldwork conducted between 2011 and 2015. I then briefly trace the\nhistory of religious transvestism in South Asian literature, while contextualizing\nthis practice within Vaishnava and Sufi traditions. Finally, I discuss how\nsimilar phenomena have been interpreted by modern and postmodern scholarship\nto conclude with a conceptual framework for interpreting “pregnant\nmales” and “barren mothers” in light of contemporary gender theories, with\nreference to performativity and ritual liminality.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58431715,"asset_id":38376975,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1310549,"first_name":"CAROLA ERIKA","last_name":"LOREA","domain_name":"uni-tuebingen1","page_name":"CAROLAERIKALOREA","display_name":"CAROLA ERIKA LOREA","profile_url":"https://uni-tuebingen1.academia.edu/CAROLAERIKALOREA?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1310549/688021/120596659/s65_carola_erika.lorea.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3499,"name":"Social and Cultural Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_and_Cultural_Anthropology?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":3558,"name":"South Asian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Asian_Studies?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":7024,"name":"Gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":10934,"name":"Vaishnavism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vaishnavism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152"},{"id":18895,"name":"Bangladesh","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bangladesh?f_ri=11152"},{"id":19130,"name":"Constructions of femininity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constructions_of_femininity?f_ri=11152"},{"id":168785,"name":"West Bengal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/West_Bengal?f_ri=11152"},{"id":178719,"name":"Songs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Songs?f_ri=11152"},{"id":507321,"name":"Bauls of Bengal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bauls_of_Bengal?f_ri=11152"},{"id":619396,"name":"Anthropology of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology_of_Religion?f_ri=11152"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41503272" data-work_id="41503272" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41503272/Kahve_Bahane">Kahve Bahane</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Sohbet tarzında, her yaştan insanın rahatça okuyabileceği bazı tasavvufî yazılarımızı derlediğimiz bu esere, sohbetin ve dostluğun önemine işâret etmek için “Kahve Bahâne” adını verdik. Çünkü günümüzün hızla büyüyen şehirlerinde... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41503272" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Sohbet tarzında, her yaştan insanın rahatça okuyabileceği bazı tasavvufî yazılarımızı derlediğimiz bu esere, sohbetin ve dostluğun önemine işâret etmek için “Kahve Bahâne” adını verdik. Çünkü günümüzün hızla büyüyen şehirlerinde yalnızlaşan insanımız sohbete ve muhabbete her zamankinden daha fazla muhtaçtır. <br />Bu kitap, daha önce neşredilen “Derviş Keşkülü” ve “İrfan Bahçesi” isimli eserlerimizin bir devamı ve bu serinin üçüncü kitabı olarak da kabul edilebilir. Tasavvufî sohbet tadındaki bu eser, farklı zamanlarda kaleme alınan yazıların toplanmasıyla oluştuğu için bir konuya odaklanmış değildir. Farklı konulardaki yazıların bir araya getirilmesiyle oluşan bu eserin de keyifle okunacağını umuyoruz.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41503272" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="202156d59be7a4166cdeb265b919eb1f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61673408,"asset_id":41503272,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61673408/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="193058" href="https://marmara.academia.edu/NecdetTosun">Necdet Tosun</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="193058" type="text/json">{"id":193058,"first_name":"Necdet","last_name":"Tosun","domain_name":"marmara","page_name":"NecdetTosun","display_name":"Necdet Tosun","profile_url":"https://marmara.academia.edu/NecdetTosun?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/193058/2810654/29108854/s65_necdet.tosun.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41503272 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41503272"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41503272, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41503272", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_41503272 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41503272; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_41503272"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_41503272 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="41503272"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41503272; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41503272]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41503272").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41503272").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41503272"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11152" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism">Sufism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11152" type="text/json">{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="51464" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tasavvuf">Tasavvuf</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="51464" type="text/json">{"id":51464,"name":"Tasavvuf","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tasavvuf?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41503272]'), work: {"id":41503272,"title":"Kahve Bahane","created_at":"2020-01-03T13:11:20.567-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41503272/Kahve_Bahane?f_ri=11152","dom_id":"work_41503272","summary":"Sohbet tarzında, her yaştan insanın rahatça okuyabileceği bazı tasavvufî yazılarımızı derlediğimiz bu esere, sohbetin ve dostluğun önemine işâret etmek için “Kahve Bahâne” adını verdik. Çünkü günümüzün hızla büyüyen şehirlerinde yalnızlaşan insanımız sohbete ve muhabbete her zamankinden daha fazla muhtaçtır. \nBu kitap, daha önce neşredilen “Derviş Keşkülü” ve “İrfan Bahçesi” isimli eserlerimizin bir devamı ve bu serinin üçüncü kitabı olarak da kabul edilebilir. Tasavvufî sohbet tadındaki bu eser, farklı zamanlarda kaleme alınan yazıların toplanmasıyla oluştuğu için bir konuya odaklanmış değildir. Farklı konulardaki yazıların bir araya getirilmesiyle oluşan bu eserin de keyifle okunacağını umuyoruz.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61673408,"asset_id":41503272,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":193058,"first_name":"Necdet","last_name":"Tosun","domain_name":"marmara","page_name":"NecdetTosun","display_name":"Necdet Tosun","profile_url":"https://marmara.academia.edu/NecdetTosun?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/193058/2810654/29108854/s65_necdet.tosun.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":51464,"name":"Tasavvuf","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tasavvuf?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_63804262" data-work_id="63804262" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/63804262/_Entangled_Sanctity_Sar%C4%B1_Saltuk_and_St_George_in_the_Ottoman_Balkans_Entangled_Sufism_in_Post_Ottoman_Europe_Cross_Disciplinary_Approaches_University_of_Vienna_21_23_October_2021">“Entangled Sanctity: Sarı Saltuk and St. George in the Ottoman Balkans,” Entangled Sufism in (Post-)Ottoman Europe: Cross-Disciplinary Approaches, University of Vienna, 21–23 October 2021</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In the Balkan borderlands, a region characterized by hybridity and religious ambiguity, the Muslim allocation of an equivalent saint in the “pantheon” of Christianity was facilitated by a certain “rapprochement” between the two religions... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_63804262" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In the Balkan borderlands, a region characterized by hybridity and religious ambiguity, the Muslim allocation of an equivalent saint in the “pantheon” of Christianity was facilitated by a certain “rapprochement” between the two religions through what Mikhail Bakhtin calls an “organic” hybridization: an ongoing fusion of disparate elements into a new language which had culturally productive effects. The polymorphic figures of two “saints”, Sarı Saltuk and St. George, are emblematic of this process of cultural translation. Their joint hagiolatry is a refraction of conquest and appropriation, tempered by pilgrimage and cross-cultural accommodation. Their joint hagiolatry will be examined from the perspective of shared cultural spaces and the entanglements taking place within these spaces.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/63804262" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bc23fcab5e9902164ef386d95b4174aa" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":82209412,"asset_id":63804262,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82209412/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4319196" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/SaraKuehn">Sara Kuehn</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4319196" type="text/json">{"id":4319196,"first_name":"Sara","last_name":"Kuehn","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"SaraKuehn","display_name":"Sara Kuehn","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/SaraKuehn?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4319196/17875221/17894966/s65_sara.kuehn.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_63804262 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="63804262"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 63804262, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_63804262", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_63804262 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 63804262; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_63804262"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_63804262 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="63804262"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 63804262; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=63804262]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_63804262").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_63804262").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="63804262"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11152" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism">Sufism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11152" type="text/json">{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="45426" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Central_and_Eastern_Europe">Central and Eastern Europe</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="45426" type="text/json">{"id":45426,"name":"Central and Eastern Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Central_and_Eastern_Europe?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="234854" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entanglement">Entanglement</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="234854" type="text/json">{"id":234854,"name":"Entanglement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entanglement?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2818537" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shared_Sacred_Spaces">Shared Sacred Spaces</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2818537" type="text/json">{"id":2818537,"name":"Shared Sacred Spaces","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shared_Sacred_Spaces?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=63804262]'), work: {"id":63804262,"title":"“Entangled Sanctity: Sarı Saltuk and St. George in the Ottoman Balkans,” Entangled Sufism in (Post-)Ottoman Europe: Cross-Disciplinary Approaches, University of Vienna, 21–23 October 2021","created_at":"2021-12-10T13:27:42.433-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/63804262/_Entangled_Sanctity_Sar%C4%B1_Saltuk_and_St_George_in_the_Ottoman_Balkans_Entangled_Sufism_in_Post_Ottoman_Europe_Cross_Disciplinary_Approaches_University_of_Vienna_21_23_October_2021?f_ri=11152","dom_id":"work_63804262","summary":"In the Balkan borderlands, a region characterized by hybridity and religious ambiguity, the Muslim allocation of an equivalent saint in the “pantheon” of Christianity was facilitated by a certain “rapprochement” between the two religions through what Mikhail Bakhtin calls an “organic” hybridization: an ongoing fusion of disparate elements into a new language which had culturally productive effects. The polymorphic figures of two “saints”, Sarı Saltuk and St. George, are emblematic of this process of cultural translation. Their joint hagiolatry is a refraction of conquest and appropriation, tempered by pilgrimage and cross-cultural accommodation. Their joint hagiolatry will be examined from the perspective of shared cultural spaces and the entanglements taking place within these spaces.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82209412,"asset_id":63804262,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4319196,"first_name":"Sara","last_name":"Kuehn","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"SaraKuehn","display_name":"Sara Kuehn","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/SaraKuehn?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4319196/17875221/17894966/s65_sara.kuehn.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":45426,"name":"Central and Eastern Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Central_and_Eastern_Europe?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":234854,"name":"Entanglement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entanglement?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":2818537,"name":"Shared Sacred Spaces","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shared_Sacred_Spaces?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36785141" data-work_id="36785141" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36785141/Al_Ghazali_The_Condemnation_of_Pride_and_Self_Admiration_Al_Ghazali_Series_Islamic_Texts_Society_2018_2nd_edition_2024_">Al-Ghazali, The Condemnation of Pride and Self-Admiration (Al-Ghazali Series; Islamic Texts Society, 2018; 2nd edition, 2024)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36785141" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="207bff5709e5a0b2439f4fc884b7f0d9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59300595,"asset_id":36785141,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59300595/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="61763884" href="https://carleton-ca.academia.edu/MohammedRustom">Mohammed Rustom</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="61763884" type="text/json">{"id":61763884,"first_name":"Mohammed","last_name":"Rustom","domain_name":"carleton-ca","page_name":"MohammedRustom","display_name":"Mohammed Rustom","profile_url":"https://carleton-ca.academia.edu/MohammedRustom?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/61763884/16042817/153451769/s65_mohammed.rustom.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36785141 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36785141"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36785141, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36785141", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36785141]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36785141").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36785141").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36785141"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="803" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy">Philosophy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="803" type="text/json">{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="814" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics">Ethics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="814" type="text/json">{"id":814,"name":"Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="825" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Philosophy">Medieval Philosophy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="825" type="text/json">{"id":825,"name":"Medieval Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Philosophy?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1302" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology">Theology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1302" type="text/json">{"id":1302,"name":"Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36785141]'), work: {"id":36785141,"title":"Al-Ghazali, The Condemnation of Pride and Self-Admiration (Al-Ghazali Series; 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Draft of Proposed Revised, Corrected 2nd Edition.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">This is a 2016 draft version of a proposed completely revised, corrected 2nd edition of my 2010 book The Gospel of Thomas In the Light of Early Jewish, Christian and Islamic Esoteric Trajectories.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29245560" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8a991acde16fcd6dc66d586908b66ca6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49694541,"asset_id":29245560,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49694541/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1006864" href="https://un-lincoln.academia.edu/samuelzinner">samuel zinner</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1006864" type="text/json">{"id":1006864,"first_name":"samuel","last_name":"zinner","domain_name":"un-lincoln","page_name":"samuelzinner","display_name":"samuel zinner","profile_url":"https://un-lincoln.academia.edu/samuelzinner?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1006864/788449/36364293/s65_samuel.zinner.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_29245560 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="29245560"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 29245560, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_29245560", }); 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Mysticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Mysticism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":26418,"name":"Kabbalah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kabbalah?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":54584,"name":"Gospel of Thomas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gospel_of_Thomas?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1160752" data-work_id="1160752" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1160752/Religion_and_Secularisation_in_the_Byzantine_Ottoman_Continuum_The_Case_of_Turkish_Secularism">Religion and Secularisation in the ‘Byzantine-Ottoman’ Continuum: The Case of Turkish Secularism</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1160752" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2c5d8da6b8fcecdf20ef667ca4e84e28" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":7131643,"asset_id":1160752,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8122" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_Studies">Ottoman Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8122" type="text/json">{"id":8122,"name":"Ottoman Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_Studies?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11152" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism">Sufism</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11152" type="text/json">{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1160752]'), work: {"id":1160752,"title":"Religion and Secularisation in the ‘Byzantine-Ottoman’ Continuum: The Case of Turkish 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Secularisation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion_Laicity_and_Secularisation?f_ri=11152"},{"id":70603,"name":"Secularism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Secularism?f_ri=11152"},{"id":72581,"name":"Islam and Secularism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam_and_Secularism?f_ri=11152"},{"id":118997,"name":"Greco-Roman World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greco-Roman_World?f_ri=11152"},{"id":193481,"name":"philosophical Sufism (school of Ibn 'Arabi)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/philosophical_Sufism_school_of_Ibn_Arabi_?f_ri=11152"},{"id":282138,"name":"Sufism, Bektashism, Islam in the Balkans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism_Bektashism_Islam_in_the_Balkans?f_ri=11152"},{"id":515485,"name":"Ottoman Anatolia (1200-1500) Comparative empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_Anatolia_1200-1500_Comparative_empire?f_ri=11152"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27100224" data-work_id="27100224" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27100224/Fernando_Pessoa_and_Islam_an_introductory_overview_with_a_critical_edition_of_twelve_documents">Fernando Pessoa and Islam: an introductory overview with a critical edition of twelve documents</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper introduces the presence of Islam and Islamic culture in the work of Fernando Pessoa. It consists of a chronological and textual overview of these themes in the author's writing and intellectual course. Focusing primarily on... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_27100224" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper introduces the presence of Islam and Islamic culture in the work of Fernando Pessoa. It consists of a chronological and textual overview of these themes in the author's writing and intellectual course. Focusing primarily on Pessoa's literary estate and private library, this paper points out and presents Pessoa's interests in Islam, Islamic Philosophy, Arabic literature, Omar Khayyām and al-Andalus. A hermeneutical, cultural and bio-bibliographical framework is proposed and further research possibilities are suggested. The paper is followed by a publication of twelve texts from the author's literary estate concerning these themes.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27100224" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="86dd3a2b5d0139dee85fccaaa9ef4354" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47351576,"asset_id":27100224,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47351576/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2834757" href="https://ulusofona.academia.edu/FabrizioBoscaglia">Fabrizio Boscaglia</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2834757" type="text/json">{"id":2834757,"first_name":"Fabrizio","last_name":"Boscaglia","domain_name":"ulusofona","page_name":"FabrizioBoscaglia","display_name":"Fabrizio Boscaglia","profile_url":"https://ulusofona.academia.edu/FabrizioBoscaglia?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2834757/931472/50391003/s65_fabrizio.boscaglia.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27100224 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27100224"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27100224, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27100224", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27100224]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_27100224").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_27100224").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="27100224"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1270" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Literature">Arabic Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1270" type="text/json">{"id":1270,"name":"Arabic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Literature?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5674" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy">Islamic Philosophy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5674" type="text/json">{"id":5674,"name":"Islamic Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11152" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism">Sufism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11152" type="text/json">{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12684" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fernando_Pessoa">Fernando Pessoa</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="12684" type="text/json">{"id":12684,"name":"Fernando Pessoa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fernando_Pessoa?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=27100224]'), work: {"id":27100224,"title":"Fernando Pessoa and Islam: an introductory overview with a critical edition of twelve documents","created_at":"2016-07-19T06:51:18.265-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/27100224/Fernando_Pessoa_and_Islam_an_introductory_overview_with_a_critical_edition_of_twelve_documents?f_ri=11152","dom_id":"work_27100224","summary":"This paper introduces the presence of Islam and Islamic culture in the work of Fernando Pessoa. 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","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47351576,"asset_id":27100224,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2834757,"first_name":"Fabrizio","last_name":"Boscaglia","domain_name":"ulusofona","page_name":"FabrizioBoscaglia","display_name":"Fabrizio Boscaglia","profile_url":"https://ulusofona.academia.edu/FabrizioBoscaglia?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2834757/931472/50391003/s65_fabrizio.boscaglia.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1270,"name":"Arabic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Literature?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":5674,"name":"Islamic Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":12684,"name":"Fernando Pessoa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fernando_Pessoa?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":12836,"name":"Al-Andalus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Al-Andalus?f_ri=11152"},{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=11152"},{"id":19457,"name":"Portuguese Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Portuguese_Literature?f_ri=11152"},{"id":51334,"name":"Orientalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orientalism?f_ri=11152"},{"id":92927,"name":"Omar Khayyam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Omar_Khayyam?f_ri=11152"},{"id":130936,"name":"Portuguese Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Portuguese_Philosophy?f_ri=11152"},{"id":589967,"name":"Rubaiyat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rubaiyat?f_ri=11152"},{"id":641572,"name":"Biblioteca Particular De Fernando Pessoa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblioteca_Particular_De_Fernando_Pessoa?f_ri=11152"},{"id":1656210,"name":"Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rubaiyat_of_Omar_Khayyam?f_ri=11152"},{"id":2558631,"name":"Portuguese Thought","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Portuguese_Thought?f_ri=11152"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_32460324" data-work_id="32460324" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32460324/%C3%96zbekler_Tekkesi_The_Lodge_of_Uzbeks">Özbekler Tekkesi/ The Lodge of Uzbeks</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In 18th century, The Ozbek Tekkes of Istanbul was established for the Uzbeks who come to Istanbul before going to the pilgrimage. The tekke is connected with the Naqshbandi religious order, tarikat. The tekke which has strong ties with... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_32460324" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In 18th century, The Ozbek Tekkes of Istanbul  was established for the Uzbeks who come to Istanbul before going to the pilgrimage. The tekke is connected with the Naqshbandi religious order, tarikat. The tekke which has strong ties with the state had become a school in nineteenth century.  The tekke has contributed  to the war of independence but it was closed after the proclamation of the Republic. In this period, it has transformed into a center for artists, especially for classic turkish musicians.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32460324" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a94f1a39fcdf10095e22614eea50c204" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52649146,"asset_id":32460324,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52649146/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="50667808" href="https://msu-tr.academia.edu/Bu%C4%9FraSerdarSar%C4%B1ayd%C4%B1n">Buğra Serdar Sarıaydın</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="50667808" type="text/json">{"id":50667808,"first_name":"Buğra Serdar","last_name":"Sarıaydın","domain_name":"msu-tr","page_name":"BuğraSerdarSarıaydın","display_name":"Buğra Serdar Sarıaydın","profile_url":"https://msu-tr.academia.edu/Bu%C4%9FraSerdarSar%C4%B1ayd%C4%B1n?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/50667808/13374475/140315807/s65_bu_ra_serdar.sar_ayd_n.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_32460324 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="32460324"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 32460324, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_32460324", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=32460324]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_32460324").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_32460324").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32460324"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="133" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_History">Military History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="133" type="text/json">{"id":133,"name":"Military History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_History?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="915" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History">Art History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="915" type="text/json">{"id":915,"name":"Art History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8122" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_Studies">Ottoman Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="8122" type="text/json">{"id":8122,"name":"Ottoman Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_Studies?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=32460324]'), work: {"id":32460324,"title":"Özbekler Tekkesi/ The Lodge of Uzbeks","created_at":"2017-04-17T11:01:50.289-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/32460324/%C3%96zbekler_Tekkesi_The_Lodge_of_Uzbeks?f_ri=11152","dom_id":"work_32460324","summary":"In 18th century, The Ozbek Tekkes of Istanbul was established for the Uzbeks who come to Istanbul before going to the pilgrimage. The tekke is connected with the Naqshbandi religious order, tarikat. The tekke which has strong ties with the state had become a school in nineteenth century. The tekke has contributed to the war of independence but it was closed after the proclamation of the Republic. 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On the Fuzziness of Religious Boundaries</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This contribution to the Common Knowledge symposium “Fuzzy Studies” explores the boundaries between religions by exploring the ambiguous place of yoga in various religious traditions, both modern and premodern. Recently, certain Hindus... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4273589" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This contribution to the Common Knowledge symposium “Fuzzy Studies” explores the boundaries between religions by exploring the ambiguous place of yoga in various religious traditions, both modern and premodern. Recently, certain Hindus and Christians have tried to argue that yoga is an essentially Hindu practice, making their case by appealing to the Yoga Sutras, a text by the Sanskrit author Patanjali. However, on closer examination, the Yoga Sutras seem to exist in a fuzzy, indeterminate space that is not quite “Hindu” in the way the word is understood today. For instance, other Sanskrit authors of the first millennium CE criticized Patanjali's yoga teachings for not being properly theistic and for having strong affinities to Buddhism and Jainism. Yoga was also integrated into at least one of the “religions of the book” in the medieval period: in India in the second millennium, yoga was practiced widely among Sufis, who adapted it in surprising and idiosyncratic ways to make it compatible with their own Islamic philosophies. Nicholson concludes with an appeal for a more nuanced understanding of religious contact that goes beyond the pejorative term syncretism to acknowledge that religious mixing has been a central force in the development not only of Hinduism and Islam, but also of Christianity.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4273589" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5b86140bef30edddec28fe14d6e18af6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31806087,"asset_id":4273589,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31806087/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="43702" href="https://sbsuny.academia.edu/AndrewNicholson">Andrew Nicholson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="43702" type="text/json">{"id":43702,"first_name":"Andrew","last_name":"Nicholson","domain_name":"sbsuny","page_name":"AndrewNicholson","display_name":"Andrew Nicholson","profile_url":"https://sbsuny.academia.edu/AndrewNicholson?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/43702/14056/7456031/s65_andrew.nicholson.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4273589 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4273589"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4273589, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4273589", }); 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On the Fuzziness of Religious Boundaries","created_at":"2013-08-19T10:07:17.230-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4273589/Is_Yoga_Hindu_On_the_Fuzziness_of_Religious_Boundaries?f_ri=11152","dom_id":"work_4273589","summary":"This contribution to the Common Knowledge symposium “Fuzzy Studies” explores the boundaries between religions by exploring the ambiguous place of yoga in various religious traditions, both modern and premodern. Recently, certain Hindus and Christians have tried to argue that yoga is an essentially Hindu practice, making their case by appealing to the Yoga Sutras, a text by the Sanskrit author Patanjali. However, on closer examination, the Yoga Sutras seem to exist in a fuzzy, indeterminate space that is not quite “Hindu” in the way the word is understood today. For instance, other Sanskrit authors of the first millennium CE criticized Patanjali's yoga teachings for not being properly theistic and for having strong affinities to Buddhism and Jainism. Yoga was also integrated into at least one of the “religions of the book” in the medieval period: in India in the second millennium, yoga was practiced widely among Sufis, who adapted it in surprising and idiosyncratic ways to make it compatible with their own Islamic philosophies. Nicholson concludes with an appeal for a more nuanced understanding of religious contact that goes beyond the pejorative term syncretism to acknowledge that religious mixing has been a central force in the development not only of Hinduism and Islam, but also of Christianity. 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});</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9758504").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9758504"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1187" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_History">Ottoman History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1187" type="text/json">{"id":1187,"name":"Ottoman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_History?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8265" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biography">Biography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8265" type="text/json">{"id":8265,"name":"Biography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biography?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11152" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism">Sufism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11152" type="text/json">{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15129" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_modern_Ottoman_History">Early modern Ottoman History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15129" type="text/json">{"id":15129,"name":"Early modern Ottoman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_modern_Ottoman_History?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9758504]'), work: {"id":9758504,"title":"الورد الأنسي والوارد القدسي في ترجمة العارف عبد الغني النابلسي","created_at":"2014-12-13T12:36:12.079-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9758504/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%81_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A?f_ri=11152","dom_id":"work_9758504","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37900284,"asset_id":9758504,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":21592375,"first_name":"Samer","last_name":"Akkach","domain_name":"adelaide1","page_name":"SamerAkkach","display_name":"Samer Akkach","profile_url":"https://adelaide1.academia.edu/SamerAkkach?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21592375/6124347/7153163/s65_samer.akkach.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1187,"name":"Ottoman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_History?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":8265,"name":"Biography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biography?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":15129,"name":"Early modern Ottoman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_modern_Ottoman_History?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":30571,"name":"Islamic Mysticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Mysticism?f_ri=11152"},{"id":35081,"name":"Islamic Intellectual History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Intellectual_History?f_ri=11152"},{"id":36523,"name":"Ibn Arabi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ibn_Arabi?f_ri=11152"},{"id":59686,"name":"Damascus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Damascus?f_ri=11152"},{"id":193481,"name":"philosophical Sufism (school of Ibn 'Arabi)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/philosophical_Sufism_school_of_Ibn_Arabi_?f_ri=11152"},{"id":1179893,"name":"Abd Al-Ghani An-Nabulusi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abd_Al-Ghani_An-Nabulusi?f_ri=11152"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_50502954" data-work_id="50502954" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50502954/Philosophical_Sufism_An_Introduction_to_the_School_of_Ibn_al_%CA%BFArab%C4%AB">Philosophical Sufism: An Introduction to the School of Ibn al-ʿArabī</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Analyzing the intersection between Sufism and philosophy, this volume is a sweeping examination of the mystical philosophy of Muḥyī-l-Dīn Ibn al-ʿArabī (d. 637/1240), one of the most influential and original thinkers of the Islamic world.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_50502954" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Analyzing the intersection between Sufism and philosophy, this volume is a sweeping examination of the mystical philosophy of Muḥyī-l-Dīn Ibn al-ʿArabī (d. 637/1240), one of the most influential and original thinkers of the Islamic world. This book systematically covers Ibn al-ʿArabī’s ontology, theology, epistemology, teleology, spiritual anthropology and eschatology.<br /><br />While philosophy uses deductive reasoning to discover the fundamental nature of existence and Sufism relies on spiritual experience, it was not until the school of Ibn al-ʿArabī that philosophy and Sufism converged into a single framework by elaborating spiritual doctrines in precise philosophical language. Contextualizing the historical development of Ibn al-ʿArabī’s school, the work draws from the earliest commentators of Ibn al-ʿArabī’s oeuvre, Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Qūnawī (d. 673/1274), ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Kāshānī (d. ca. 730/1330) and Dawūd al-Qayṣarī (d. 751/1350), but also draws from the medieval heirs of his doctrines Sayyid Ḥaydar Āmulī (d. 787/1385), the pivotal intellectual and mystical figure of Persia who recast philosophical Sufism within the framework of Twelver Shīʿism and ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Jāmī (d. 898/1492), the key figure in the dissemination of Ibn al-ʿArabī’s ideas in the Persianate world as well as the Ottoman Empire, India, China and East Asia via Central Asia.<br /><br />Lucidly written and comprehensive in scope, with careful treatments of the key authors, Philosophical Sufism is a highly accessible introductory text for students and researchers interested in Islam, philosophy, religion and the Middle East.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50502954" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="697a64bb7fac48bd36d301fdbd68c4f7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68463407,"asset_id":50502954,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68463407/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3373955" href="https://illinois.academia.edu/MukhtarAli">Mukhtar H Ali</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3373955" type="text/json">{"id":3373955,"first_name":"Mukhtar","last_name":"Ali","domain_name":"illinois","page_name":"MukhtarAli","display_name":"Mukhtar H Ali","profile_url":"https://illinois.academia.edu/MukhtarAli?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3373955/1135809/121535349/s65_mukhtar.ali.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_50502954 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50502954"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50502954, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_50502954", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_50502954 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50502954; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_50502954"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_50502954 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50502954"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50502954; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50502954]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_50502954").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_50502954").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="50502954"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5674" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy">Islamic Philosophy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5674" type="text/json">{"id":5674,"name":"Islamic Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7322" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mysticism">Mysticism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7322" type="text/json">{"id":7322,"name":"Mysticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mysticism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11152" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism">Sufism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11152" type="text/json">{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1338338" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ibn_al-arabi-1">Ibn al-arabi</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1338338" type="text/json">{"id":1338338,"name":"Ibn al-arabi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ibn_al-arabi-1?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=50502954]'), work: {"id":50502954,"title":"Philosophical Sufism: An Introduction to the School of Ibn al-ʿArabī","created_at":"2021-08-01T05:46:57.137-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/50502954/Philosophical_Sufism_An_Introduction_to_the_School_of_Ibn_al_%CA%BFArab%C4%AB?f_ri=11152","dom_id":"work_50502954","summary":"Analyzing the intersection between Sufism and philosophy, this volume is a sweeping examination of the mystical philosophy of Muḥyī-l-Dīn Ibn al-ʿArabī (d. 637/1240), one of the most influential and original thinkers of the Islamic world. This book systematically covers Ibn al-ʿArabī’s ontology, theology, epistemology, teleology, spiritual anthropology and eschatology.\n\nWhile philosophy uses deductive reasoning to discover the fundamental nature of existence and Sufism relies on spiritual experience, it was not until the school of Ibn al-ʿArabī that philosophy and Sufism converged into a single framework by elaborating spiritual doctrines in precise philosophical language. Contextualizing the historical development of Ibn al-ʿArabī’s school, the work draws from the earliest commentators of Ibn al-ʿArabī’s oeuvre, Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Qūnawī (d. 673/1274), ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Kāshānī (d. ca. 730/1330) and Dawūd al-Qayṣarī (d. 751/1350), but also draws from the medieval heirs of his doctrines Sayyid Ḥaydar Āmulī (d. 787/1385), the pivotal intellectual and mystical figure of Persia who recast philosophical Sufism within the framework of Twelver Shīʿism and ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Jāmī (d. 898/1492), the key figure in the dissemination of Ibn al-ʿArabī’s ideas in the Persianate world as well as the Ottoman Empire, India, China and East Asia via Central Asia.\n\nLucidly written and comprehensive in scope, with careful treatments of the key authors, Philosophical Sufism is a highly accessible introductory text for students and researchers interested in Islam, philosophy, religion and the Middle East.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68463407,"asset_id":50502954,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3373955,"first_name":"Mukhtar","last_name":"Ali","domain_name":"illinois","page_name":"MukhtarAli","display_name":"Mukhtar H Ali","profile_url":"https://illinois.academia.edu/MukhtarAli?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3373955/1135809/121535349/s65_mukhtar.ali.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5674,"name":"Islamic Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":7322,"name":"Mysticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mysticism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":1338338,"name":"Ibn al-arabi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ibn_al-arabi-1?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1509428" data-work_id="1509428" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1509428/The_Seven_Seals_of_Judeo_Islamic_Magic_Possible_Origins_of_the_Symbols">The Seven Seals of Judeo-Islamic Magic: Possible Origins of the Symbols</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Seven Seals of medieval Islamic magic, which are believed to constitute the Greatest Name of God, also feature in Jewish Kabbalah from the same period. While many Seal symbols make sporadic appearances in early Islamic amulets bearing... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1509428" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Seven Seals of medieval Islamic magic, which are believed to constitute the Greatest Name of God, also feature in Jewish Kabbalah from the same period. While many Seal symbols make sporadic appearances in early Islamic amulets bearing Kufic script, the source of the symbols and their eventual ordering remains a matter of legend. As this topic was first – and last – examined systematically by Dr. Hans Winkler in 1930, a wider-ranging and more modern review is long overdue. The present survey focuses on potential sources for the symbols rather than on their exegesis. It first examines the possibility that a precedent for the Seal series exists in an undecipherable “seven signs repeated seven times” inscribed on a Late Babylonian amulet. It then considers the possibility that the Seals’ origins lie in other cuneiform symbols from ancient Mesopotamia; in Egyptian hieroglyphs or scripts; in paleo-Hebrew characters or the letters of ancient South Arabian scripts; in Libyco-Berber or Tifinagh letters from North Africa; or in the symbol repertoire of Late Antique magic, including the highly potent seven Greek vowels. The review also explores the possibility that at least some of the symbols originated in numerological ciphers or religious emblems, canvassing sources as diverse as Indian Hinduism and Byzantine Christendom. The article concludes by considering the recent suggestion that the Seal series may have acquired its privileged status because its symbols reflect “shape archetypes” that are hard-wired into the human nervous system.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1509428" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5956e90f2f5176ab41764e72b27f0730" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50528460,"asset_id":1509428,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50528460/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="330410" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LloydGraham">Lloyd Graham</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="330410" type="text/json">{"id":330410,"first_name":"Lloyd","last_name":"Graham","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LloydGraham","display_name":"Lloyd Graham","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LloydGraham?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/330410/92264/26325815/s65_lloyd.graham.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1509428 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1509428"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1509428, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1509428", }); 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While many Seal symbols make sporadic appearances in early Islamic amulets bearing Kufic script, the source of the symbols and their eventual ordering remains a matter of legend. As this topic was first – and last – examined systematically by Dr. Hans Winkler in 1930, a wider-ranging and more modern review is long overdue. The present survey focuses on potential sources for the symbols rather than on their exegesis. It first examines the possibility that a precedent for the Seal series exists in an undecipherable “seven signs repeated seven times” inscribed on a Late Babylonian amulet. It then considers the possibility that the Seals’ origins lie in other cuneiform symbols from ancient Mesopotamia; in Egyptian hieroglyphs or scripts; in paleo-Hebrew characters or the letters of ancient South Arabian scripts; in Libyco-Berber or Tifinagh letters from North Africa; or in the symbol repertoire of Late Antique magic, including the highly potent seven Greek vowels. The review also explores the possibility that at least some of the symbols originated in numerological ciphers or religious emblems, canvassing sources as diverse as Indian Hinduism and Byzantine Christendom. The article concludes by considering the recent suggestion that the Seal series may have acquired its privileged status because its symbols reflect “shape archetypes” that are hard-wired into the human nervous system.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50528460,"asset_id":1509428,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":330410,"first_name":"Lloyd","last_name":"Graham","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LloydGraham","display_name":"Lloyd Graham","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LloydGraham?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/330410/92264/26325815/s65_lloyd.graham.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":241,"name":"Parapsychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parapsychology?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":787,"name":"Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy?f_ri=11152"},{"id":4430,"name":"Altered States of Consciousness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Altered_States_of_Consciousness?f_ri=11152"},{"id":5182,"name":"Psychedelics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychedelics?f_ri=11152"},{"id":5408,"name":"Magic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magic?f_ri=11152"},{"id":6555,"name":"Shamanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shamanism?f_ri=11152"},{"id":7322,"name":"Mysticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mysticism?f_ri=11152"},{"id":10022,"name":"Paranormal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paranormal?f_ri=11152"},{"id":10975,"name":"Theurgy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theurgy?f_ri=11152"},{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152"},{"id":19109,"name":"Spiritualism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spiritualism?f_ri=11152"},{"id":19399,"name":"Apotropaic Objects","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apotropaic_Objects?f_ri=11152"},{"id":19990,"name":"Magic and the Occult (Anthropology Of Religion)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magic_and_the_Occult_Anthropology_Of_Religion_?f_ri=11152"},{"id":21692,"name":"Anthropology of Consciousness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology_of_Consciousness?f_ri=11152"},{"id":23447,"name":"Popular/Folk Magic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Popular_Folk_Magic?f_ri=11152"},{"id":26967,"name":"Talismanic Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Talismanic_Art?f_ri=11152"},{"id":30571,"name":"Islamic Mysticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Mysticism?f_ri=11152"},{"id":38545,"name":"Magic (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magic_History_?f_ri=11152"},{"id":39461,"name":"Medieval Charms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Charms?f_ri=11152"},{"id":39462,"name":"Medieval Magic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Magic?f_ri=11152"},{"id":44918,"name":"Islam and Magic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam_and_Magic?f_ri=11152"},{"id":61004,"name":"Amulets","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amulets?f_ri=11152"},{"id":61005,"name":"Magic books","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magic_books?f_ri=11152"},{"id":61006,"name":"Magic bowls","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magic_bowls?f_ri=11152"},{"id":74050,"name":"Talismans and Amulets in Iranian Tradition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Talismans_and_Amulets_in_Iranian_Tradition?f_ri=11152"},{"id":80360,"name":"Arabic magic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_magic?f_ri=11152"},{"id":182305,"name":"Mediumship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mediumship?f_ri=11152"},{"id":223993,"name":"Occult Sciences in Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Occult_Sciences_in_Islam?f_ri=11152"},{"id":260502,"name":"The \"Seven Seals\" of Islamic and Jewish Magic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Seven_Seals_of_Islamic_and_Jewish_Magic?f_ri=11152"},{"id":282104,"name":"Maraboutism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maraboutism?f_ri=11152"},{"id":298104,"name":"Trance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trance?f_ri=11152"},{"id":368073,"name":"Paranthropology:","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paranthropology_?f_ri=11152"},{"id":412519,"name":"Amulets in Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amulets_in_Islam?f_ri=11152"},{"id":447077,"name":"Islam Magic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam_Magic?f_ri=11152"},{"id":684158,"name":"Islamic Amulets and Talismans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Amulets_and_Talismans?f_ri=11152"},{"id":759153,"name":"medieval islam and Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/medieval_islam_and_Judaism?f_ri=11152"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_69196412" data-work_id="69196412" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/69196412/_T%C3%A2rih_Gizli_Materyalizm_e_Odakl%C4%B1_Bir_Bilim_midir_Pozitivist_Yakla%C5%9F%C4%B1mlar%C4%B1n_T%C3%A2rih_%C3%9Czerindeki_Olumsuz_Etkisi_">“Târih ‘Gizli Materyalizm’e Odaklı Bir Bilim midir? -Pozitivist Yaklaşımların Târih Üzerindeki Olumsuz Etkisi-”</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm 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Etkisi-”","created_at":"2022-01-22T13:25:36.291-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/69196412/_T%C3%A2rih_Gizli_Materyalizm_e_Odakl%C4%B1_Bir_Bilim_midir_Pozitivist_Yakla%C5%9F%C4%B1mlar%C4%B1n_T%C3%A2rih_%C3%9Czerindeki_Olumsuz_Etkisi_?f_ri=11152","dom_id":"work_69196412","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":79383708,"asset_id":69196412,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16013978,"first_name":"Hakan","last_name":"YILMAZ","domain_name":"marmara","page_name":"HakanYilmaz","display_name":"Hakan YILMAZ","profile_url":"https://marmara.academia.edu/HakanYilmaz?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16013978/4345082/36614231/s65_hakan.y_lmaz.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1187,"name":"Ottoman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_History?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":36523,"name":"Ibn Arabi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ibn_Arabi?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":150671,"name":"Tarihsel Materyalizm","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tarihsel_Materyalizm?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":208644,"name":"Metafizika","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metafizika?f_ri=11152"},{"id":298348,"name":"Osmanlı Tarihi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Osmanl%C4%B1_Tarihi?f_ri=11152"},{"id":575699,"name":"Rumeli'de Yörükler, Türkmenler","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rumelide_Yorukler_Turkmenler?f_ri=11152"},{"id":607932,"name":"Metafizik","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metafizik?f_ri=11152"},{"id":748669,"name":"Pozitivizm","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pozitivizm?f_ri=11152"},{"id":844788,"name":"Osman Gazi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Osman_Gazi?f_ri=11152"},{"id":914154,"name":"Yavuz Sultan Selim","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Yavuz_Sultan_Selim?f_ri=11152"},{"id":925208,"name":"Materyalizm","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materyalizm?f_ri=11152"},{"id":968376,"name":"Türk'ün Soy Ağacı \u0026 Türk Şeceresi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkun_Soy_Agaci_and_Turk_Seceresi?f_ri=11152"},{"id":991640,"name":"Rumelia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rumelia?f_ri=11152"},{"id":1853628,"name":"Ottoman Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_Sufism?f_ri=11152"},{"id":2827052,"name":"Seyyid Kasım Bağdadî","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seyyid_Kas%C4%B1m_Ba%C4%9Fdad%C3%AE?f_ri=11152"},{"id":3616428,"name":"Ertuğrul Gazi ve Osmanlı","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ertu%C4%9Frul_Gazi_ve_Osmanl%C4%B1?f_ri=11152"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9832082" data-work_id="9832082" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9832082/sawqs_siddiqeen_the_Mobilization_of_the_Champions_of_Truth_by_Shehu_Uthman_ibn_Fuduye">sawq's-siddiqeen (the Mobilization of the Champions of Truth) by Shehu Uthman ibn Fuduye`</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">From the style of the language of the opening of this text it is clear that it was composed between 1790 and 1804 during the middle period of the reform movement established by the Shehu, which began in 1774 until his death in 1817. The... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9832082" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">From the style of the language of the opening of this text it is clear that it was composed between 1790 and 1804 during the middle period of the reform movement established by the Shehu, which began in 1774 until his death in 1817. The specific target of this text was his son, Shaykh Muhammad Sanbu who requested the Shehu to put in writing some principles on the methodology of disciplining the soul through hunger and fasting. Shaykh Abd’l-Qaadir ibn Mustafa informs us in his Bayaan at-Ta`abudaat that as a result of applying the discipline of the text at the hands of his father, Shaykh Muhammad Sanbu ibn Shehu Uthman ibn Fuduye` had attained the station of champion of truth (siddiqiyya) at an early age. The general target audience of this text were the many spiritual disciples of the Shehu who were apart of his close assembly in Degel just before the hijra in 1804. Among them were Shaykh Umar Kamuni, Shaykh Muhammad Yero, Shaykh Abdullahi Mujjin Mahwi, Shaykh Muhammad Kari`angha, Shaykh Muhammad Tukur, Shaykh Ali Dhimbu, Shaykh  Shaykh Muhammad ibn al-Bukhari, Shaykh as-Sayyid Ibrahim, Shaykh Umar Ghurba, the wife of the Shehu A`isha Iyya Gharka bint Shaykh Muhammad Sanbu; and others. Shaykh Umar Ahmad Zaruq said that another important beneficiary of this text was the Shehu’s eldest son, Muhammad Sad, who died in the year 1791, which means the text was probably composed between 1789 and 1790. At the time of the composition, Shaykh Muhammad Sanbu was about 17 years old and Shaykh Muhammad Sa`d was about 20 years old.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9832082" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="82e7546338105819055441d76a241e7d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35999084,"asset_id":9832082,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35999084/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5261043" href="https://siiasi.academia.edu/heixuanfeng">hei xuanfeng</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5261043" type="text/json">{"id":5261043,"first_name":"hei","last_name":"xuanfeng","domain_name":"siiasi","page_name":"heixuanfeng","display_name":"hei xuanfeng","profile_url":"https://siiasi.academia.edu/heixuanfeng?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5261043/4188025/22267177/s65_hei.xuanfeng.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9832082 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9832082"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9832082, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9832082", }); 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The specific target of this text was his son, Shaykh Muhammad Sanbu who requested the Shehu to put in writing some principles on the methodology of disciplining the soul through hunger and fasting. Shaykh Abd’l-Qaadir ibn Mustafa informs us in his Bayaan at-Ta`abudaat that as a result of applying the discipline of the text at the hands of his father, Shaykh Muhammad Sanbu ibn Shehu Uthman ibn Fuduye` had attained the station of champion of truth (siddiqiyya) at an early age. The general target audience of this text were the many spiritual disciples of the Shehu who were apart of his close assembly in Degel just before the hijra in 1804. Among them were Shaykh Umar Kamuni, Shaykh Muhammad Yero, Shaykh Abdullahi Mujjin Mahwi, Shaykh Muhammad Kari`angha, Shaykh Muhammad Tukur, Shaykh Ali Dhimbu, Shaykh Shaykh Muhammad ibn al-Bukhari, Shaykh as-Sayyid Ibrahim, Shaykh Umar Ghurba, the wife of the Shehu A`isha Iyya Gharka bint Shaykh Muhammad Sanbu; and others. Shaykh Umar Ahmad Zaruq said that another important beneficiary of this text was the Shehu’s eldest son, Muhammad Sad, who died in the year 1791, which means the text was probably composed between 1789 and 1790. At the time of the composition, Shaykh Muhammad Sanbu was about 17 years old and Shaykh Muhammad Sa`d was about 20 years old.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35999084,"asset_id":9832082,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5261043,"first_name":"hei","last_name":"xuanfeng","domain_name":"siiasi","page_name":"heixuanfeng","display_name":"hei xuanfeng","profile_url":"https://siiasi.academia.edu/heixuanfeng?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5261043/4188025/22267177/s65_hei.xuanfeng.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":379,"name":"African Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Studies?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":2330,"name":"Africana","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Africana?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic 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class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="32fb30ff6cb9021b34604eeab580ca9e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36973648,"asset_id":11425558,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36973648/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="21871585" href="https://medeniyet.academia.edu/AHMETMURAT%C3%96ZEL">AHMET MURAT ÖZEL</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="21871585" type="text/json">{"id":21871585,"first_name":"AHMET MURAT","last_name":"ÖZEL","domain_name":"medeniyet","page_name":"AHMETMURATÖZEL","display_name":"AHMET MURAT ÖZEL","profile_url":"https://medeniyet.academia.edu/AHMETMURAT%C3%96ZEL?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21871585/6000247/12021652/s65_ahmet_murat._zel.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11425558 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11425558"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11425558, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11425558", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_11425558 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maghreb_studies">Maghreb studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23398" type="text/json">{"id":23398,"name":"Maghreb studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maghreb_studies?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="51464" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tasavvuf">Tasavvuf</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="51464" type="text/json">{"id":51464,"name":"Tasavvuf","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tasavvuf?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11425558]'), work: {"id":11425558,"title":"Yoldaş Bir Kitap: Sufilerin El Kitabı, Raşit Kutbay, Yeni Şafak Kitap Eki ","created_at":"2015-03-14T10:32:47.260-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11425558/Yolda%C5%9F_Bir_Kitap_Sufilerin_El_Kitab%C4%B1_Ra%C5%9Fit_Kutbay_Yeni_%C5%9Eafak_Kitap_Eki?f_ri=11152","dom_id":"work_11425558","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36973648,"asset_id":11425558,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":21871585,"first_name":"AHMET MURAT","last_name":"ÖZEL","domain_name":"medeniyet","page_name":"AHMETMURATÖZEL","display_name":"AHMET MURAT ÖZEL","profile_url":"https://medeniyet.academia.edu/AHMETMURAT%C3%96ZEL?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21871585/6000247/12021652/s65_ahmet_murat._zel.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":23398,"name":"Maghreb studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maghreb_studies?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":51464,"name":"Tasavvuf","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tasavvuf?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5335844" data-work_id="5335844" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5335844/Water_The_Image_of_Water_in_Islam_">Water (The Image of Water in Islam)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Water stands as one of the most symbolically significant images in most of the world’s religious communities. Yet Islam’s intellectual, contemplative, and popular traditions accord distinctive and variegated meaning to this image,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5335844" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Water stands as one of the most symbolically significant images in most of the world’s religious communities. Yet Islam’s intellectual, contemplative, and popular traditions accord distinctive and variegated meaning to this image, uniquely influenced by pre-Islamic Arabic literary convention, the text of the Qur’ān, Muslim rituals, Islamic literature, and the cultural context within which Islam blossomed. It is difficult to say that there is an image of water in Islam at all, but one can discern an accumulation of images and connotations that contribute to a concept of water as indefinite as it is rich. While, broadly speaking, that “image” relays life, knowledge, and purity, this work assumes that studying particular, illustrative instances of the meaning of water will yield a picture more indicative of Islam’s unique symbolic heritage.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5335844" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3699cb8b5393ce7784d4e861f3272697" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":119083200,"asset_id":5335844,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119083200/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="922634" href="https://ucf.academia.edu/CyrusZargar">Cyrus A Zargar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="922634" type="text/json">{"id":922634,"first_name":"Cyrus","last_name":"Zargar","domain_name":"ucf","page_name":"CyrusZargar","display_name":"Cyrus A Zargar","profile_url":"https://ucf.academia.edu/CyrusZargar?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/922634/345814/39083071/s65_cyrus.zargar.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5335844 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5335844"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5335844, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5335844", }); 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Yet Islam’s intellectual, contemplative, and popular traditions accord distinctive and variegated meaning to this image, uniquely influenced by pre-Islamic Arabic literary convention, the text of the Qur’ān, Muslim rituals, Islamic literature, and the cultural context within which Islam blossomed. It is difficult to say that there is an image of water in Islam at all, but one can discern an accumulation of images and connotations that contribute to a concept of water as indefinite as it is rich. 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class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7025305/Islam_as_an_Ethical_Tradition_of_International_Relations">Islam as an Ethical Tradition of International Relations</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">The paper discusses the role that Islamic values can play in articulating Islam as an ethical tradition that can shape the international relations.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7025305" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3f6c50198d61635f60d4a0ae8d1566b5" 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class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2494527/Tarot_Knowing_the_Self_Others_and_Nature">Tarot: Knowing the Self, Others, and Nature</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2494527" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a7f6b34c1499d3af99d6664ba1606bb0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31365761,"asset_id":2494527,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" 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Esotericism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_Esotericism?f_ri=11152"},{"id":86641,"name":"Hermeticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hermeticism?f_ri=11152"},{"id":938985,"name":"Hermetic Corpus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hermetic_Corpus?f_ri=11152"},{"id":938986,"name":"Henotheism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Henotheism?f_ri=11152"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6247448" data-work_id="6247448" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6247448/The_Arabic_Freud_The_Unconscious_and_the_Modern_Subject">The Arabic Freud: The Unconscious and the Modern Subject</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This essay considers how Freud traveled in postwar Egypt through an exploration of the work of Yusuf Murad, the founder of a school of thought within the psychological and human sciences, and provides a close study of the journal he... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6247448" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This essay considers how Freud traveled in postwar Egypt through an exploration of the work of Yusuf Murad, the founder of a school of thought within the psychological and human sciences, and provides a close study of the journal he co-edited, Majallat ʿIlm al-Nafs. Translating and blending key concepts from psychoanalysis and psychology with classical Islamic concepts, Murad put forth a dynamic and dialectical approach to selfhood that emphasized the unity of the self, while often insisting on an epistemological and ethical heterogeneity from European psychoanalytic thought, embodied in a rejection of the dissolution of the self and of the death drive. In stark contrast to the so-called "tale of mutual ignorance" between Islam and psychoanalysis, the essay traces a tale of historical interactions, hybridizations, and interconnected webs of knowledge production between the Arab world and Europe. Moving away from binary models of selfhood as either modern or traditional, Western or non-Western, it examines the points of condensation and divergence, and the epistemological resonances that psychoanalytic writings had in postwar Egypt. The coproduction of psychoanalytic knowledge across Arab and European knowledge formations definitively demonstrates the outmoded nature of historical models that presuppose originals and bad copies of the global modern subject-herself so constitutively defined by the presence of the unconscious. *</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6247448" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1cf95ce7f1a580b9cbfe2490edc4645d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33157524,"asset_id":6247448,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33157524/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9598891" href="https://yale.academia.edu/OmniaElShakry">Omnia El Shakry</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9598891" type="text/json">{"id":9598891,"first_name":"Omnia","last_name":"El Shakry","domain_name":"yale","page_name":"OmniaElShakry","display_name":"Omnia El Shakry","profile_url":"https://yale.academia.edu/OmniaElShakry?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9598891/3028363/3558255/s65_omnia.el_shakry.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6247448 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6247448"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6247448, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6247448", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6247448]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6247448").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6247448").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6247448"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="135" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_History">Intellectual History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="135" type="text/json">{"id":135,"name":"Intellectual History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_History?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="136" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History">Cultural History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="136" type="text/json">{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6247448]'), work: {"id":6247448,"title":"The Arabic Freud: The Unconscious and the Modern Subject","created_at":"2014-03-01T01:14:37.821-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6247448/The_Arabic_Freud_The_Unconscious_and_the_Modern_Subject?f_ri=11152","dom_id":"work_6247448","summary":"This essay considers how Freud traveled in postwar Egypt through an exploration of the work of Yusuf Murad, the founder of a school of thought within the psychological and human sciences, and provides a close study of the journal he co-edited, Majallat ʿIlm al-Nafs. Translating and blending key concepts from psychoanalysis and psychology with classical Islamic concepts, Murad put forth a dynamic and dialectical approach to selfhood that emphasized the unity of the self, while often insisting on an epistemological and ethical heterogeneity from European psychoanalytic thought, embodied in a rejection of the dissolution of the self and of the death drive. In stark contrast to the so-called \"tale of mutual ignorance\" between Islam and psychoanalysis, the essay traces a tale of historical interactions, hybridizations, and interconnected webs of knowledge production between the Arab world and Europe. Moving away from binary models of selfhood as either modern or traditional, Western or non-Western, it examines the points of condensation and divergence, and the epistemological resonances that psychoanalytic writings had in postwar Egypt. The coproduction of psychoanalytic knowledge across Arab and European knowledge formations definitively demonstrates the outmoded nature of historical models that presuppose originals and bad copies of the global modern subject-herself so constitutively defined by the presence of the unconscious. *","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33157524,"asset_id":6247448,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9598891,"first_name":"Omnia","last_name":"El Shakry","domain_name":"yale","page_name":"OmniaElShakry","display_name":"Omnia El Shakry","profile_url":"https://yale.academia.edu/OmniaElShakry?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9598891/3028363/3558255/s65_omnia.el_shakry.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":135,"name":"Intellectual History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_History?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":244,"name":"Psychoanalysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychoanalysis?f_ri=11152"},{"id":1237,"name":"Social Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sciences?f_ri=11152"},{"id":2015,"name":"Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=11152"},{"id":2603,"name":"Middle East History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_History?f_ri=11152"},{"id":3426,"name":"History Of Psychoanalysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_Of_Psychoanalysis?f_ri=11152"},{"id":4995,"name":"History of Social Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Social_Sciences?f_ri=11152"},{"id":8487,"name":"Sigmund Freud","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sigmund_Freud?f_ri=11152"},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=11152"},{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152"},{"id":12537,"name":"Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt?f_ri=11152"},{"id":15677,"name":"History Of Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_Of_Psychology?f_ri=11152"},{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=11152"},{"id":17918,"name":"Intellectual and cultural history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_and_cultural_history?f_ri=11152"},{"id":36523,"name":"Ibn Arabi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ibn_Arabi?f_ri=11152"},{"id":619396,"name":"Anthropology of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology_of_Religion?f_ri=11152"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_72437156" data-work_id="72437156" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/72437156/%C3%82rife_%C4%B0%C5%9F%C3%A2ret_Yeter_mi_Osmanl%C4%B1_Tasavvuf%C3%AE_%C5%9Eerh_Gelene%C4%9Fi_%C3%9Czerine">Ârife İşâret Yeter mi-Osmanlı Tasavvufî Şerh Geleneği Üzerine</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Elinizdeki bu çalışma, İslam Tarihi’nin belirli bir bölümünde, belirli bir bölgede ortaya çıkan ve İslam Medeniyeti’nin doğal bir parçası olan bir devletin içerisinde var olan sûfî zümrelerin hangi tasavvufî metinler üzerine... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_72437156" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Elinizdeki bu çalışma, İslam Tarihi’nin belirli bir bölümünde, belirli bir<br />bölgede ortaya çıkan ve İslam Medeniyeti’nin doğal bir parçası olan bir<br />devletin içerisinde var olan sûfî zümrelerin hangi tasavvufî metinler üzerine yoğunlaştığını ele almaya çalışmıştır. <br />Öncelikle konuya giriş olarak tasavvuf tarihindeki ilk teliflere sonra tasavvufî metin şerhi meselesine değinilmiştir. Ardından şerhe konu olmuş temel metinlerden bir kısmı ele alınarak incelenmiştir. Sonrasında Osmanlı’da şârih kimliği öne çıkan bazı sûfî müellifler ile şerhlerin dönemsel değerlendirilmesi ile çalışma tamamlanmıştır. Ek kısmında ise asır asır yazılan şerhlerin dökümüne yer verilmiştir. Bununla aynı asırda hangi eserler rağbet görerek şerhlere konu olmuştur bir resminin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca diğer İslami ilimlerde ortaya konulan şerh literatürü ile mukâyese de bu şekilde mümkün olabilecektir.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/72437156" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d740fefb09dffb1b75cf020e56394662" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81361475,"asset_id":72437156,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81361475/download_file?st=MTc0MTAyOTIwNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2015531" href="https://erbakan.academia.edu/Ali%C3%87oban">Ali Çoban</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2015531" type="text/json">{"id":2015531,"first_name":"Ali","last_name":"Çoban","domain_name":"erbakan","page_name":"AliÇoban","display_name":"Ali Çoban","profile_url":"https://erbakan.academia.edu/Ali%C3%87oban?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2015531/665461/33944450/s65_ali._oban.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_72437156 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="72437156"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 72437156, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_72437156", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=72437156]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_72437156").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_72437156").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="72437156"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8122" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_Studies">Ottoman Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8122" type="text/json">{"id":8122,"name":"Ottoman Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_Studies?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11152" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism">Sufism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11152" type="text/json">{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48945" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commentary_Traditions">Commentary Traditions</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48945" type="text/json">{"id":48945,"name":"Commentary Traditions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commentary_Traditions?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="114106" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tasawwuf">Tasawwuf</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="114106" type="text/json">{"id":114106,"name":"Tasawwuf","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tasawwuf?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=72437156]'), work: {"id":72437156,"title":"Ârife İşâret Yeter mi-Osmanlı Tasavvufî Şerh Geleneği Üzerine","created_at":"2022-02-24T13:15:38.055-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/72437156/%C3%82rife_%C4%B0%C5%9F%C3%A2ret_Yeter_mi_Osmanl%C4%B1_Tasavvuf%C3%AE_%C5%9Eerh_Gelene%C4%9Fi_%C3%9Czerine?f_ri=11152","dom_id":"work_72437156","summary":"Elinizdeki bu çalışma, İslam Tarihi’nin belirli bir bölümünde, belirli bir\nbölgede ortaya çıkan ve İslam Medeniyeti’nin doğal bir parçası olan bir\ndevletin içerisinde var olan sûfî zümrelerin hangi tasavvufî metinler üzerine yoğunlaştığını ele almaya çalışmıştır. \nÖncelikle konuya giriş olarak tasavvuf tarihindeki ilk teliflere sonra tasavvufî metin şerhi meselesine değinilmiştir. Ardından şerhe konu olmuş temel metinlerden bir kısmı ele alınarak incelenmiştir. Sonrasında Osmanlı’da şârih kimliği öne çıkan bazı sûfî müellifler ile şerhlerin dönemsel değerlendirilmesi ile çalışma tamamlanmıştır. Ek kısmında ise asır asır yazılan şerhlerin dökümüne yer verilmiştir. Bununla aynı asırda hangi eserler rağbet görerek şerhlere konu olmuştur bir resminin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca diğer İslami ilimlerde ortaya konulan şerh literatürü ile mukâyese de bu şekilde mümkün olabilecektir.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81361475,"asset_id":72437156,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2015531,"first_name":"Ali","last_name":"Çoban","domain_name":"erbakan","page_name":"AliÇoban","display_name":"Ali Çoban","profile_url":"https://erbakan.academia.edu/Ali%C3%87oban?f_ri=11152","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2015531/665461/33944450/s65_ali._oban.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8122,"name":"Ottoman Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_Studies?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=11152","nofollow":true},{"id":48945,"name":"Commentary 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