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(PDF) Sweepers and Scavengers in Third World Cities A STUDY ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PROBLEMS OF SWEEPERS AND SCAVENGERS OF KATHMANDU, NEPAL
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It highlights the severe health risks these workers endure due to exposure to hazardous waste, poor sanitation, and the absence of protective measures. The study aims to explore the health outcomes associated with their work conditions and calls attention to the neglect of their significant role in solid waste management."},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Sweepers and Scavengers in Third World Cities A STUDY ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PROBLEMS OF SWEEPERS AND SCAVENGERS OF KATHMANDU, NEPAL","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [768139]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":61056710,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Sweepers and Scavengers in Third World Cities A STUDY ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PROBLEMS OF SWEEPERS AND SCAVENGERS OF KATHMANDU, NEPAL”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/61056710/mini_magick20191029-6600-1p6duq5.png?1572354275" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Sweepers and Scavengers in Third World Cities A STUDY ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PROBLEMS OF SWEEPERS AND SCAVENGERS OF KATHMANDU, NEPAL</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="768139" href="https://pokhara.academia.edu/KshiteezKHimalaya"><img alt="Profile image of Kshiteez K Himalaya" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s65_no_pic.png" />Kshiteez K Himalaya</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">121 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 40776892; 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It highlights the severe health risks these workers endure due to exposure to hazardous waste, poor sanitation, and the absence of protective measures. The study aims to explore the health outcomes associated with their work conditions and calls attention to the neglect of their significant role in solid waste management.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":61056710,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/40776892/Sweepers_and_Scavengers_in_Third_World_Cities_A_STUDY_ON_OCCUPATIONAL_HEALTH_PROBLEMS_OF_SWEEPERS_AND_SCAVENGERS_OF_KATHMANDU_NEPAL"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":61056710,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/40776892/Sweepers_and_Scavengers_in_Third_World_Cities_A_STUDY_ON_OCCUPATIONAL_HEALTH_PROBLEMS_OF_SWEEPERS_AND_SCAVENGERS_OF_KATHMANDU_NEPAL"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas" data-impression-entity-id="40776892" data-impression-entity-type="2" data-impression-source="signup-banner"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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The report presents an overview of the available health literature for causes of diseases, injuries, and accidents from solid waste management collection, treatment, and disposal technologies. Illnesses discussed include infectious diseases, allergies, respiratory damage, and cancers. Some diseases are derived from direct ingestion of infectious micro-organisms, others involve infection through contamination of the food chain, whereby animals or other vectors have ingested infectious micro-organisms. Injuries include joint and spinal damage, fractures, puncture wounds, damage to eyes and ears. Accidents include slides from unstable disposal piles, cave-ins of disposal site surfaces, fires, explosions, being caught in processing equipment, and being run over by mobile equipment. As the next steps toward improving occupational and environmental health and safety in s...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Occupational and environmental health issues of solid waste management : special emphasis on middle and lower-income countries","attachmentId":79832262,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/69919135/Occupational_and_environmental_health_issues_of_solid_waste_management_special_emphasis_on_middle_and_lower_income_countries","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/69919135/Occupational_and_environmental_health_issues_of_solid_waste_management_special_emphasis_on_middle_and_lower_income_countries"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="84359095" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/84359095/Occupational_Health_Hazard_Exposure_among_municipal_solid_waste_workers_in_Himachal_Pradesh_India">Occupational Health Hazard Exposure among municipal solid waste workers in Himachal Pradesh, India</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="77451961" href="https://independent.academia.edu/prannoythakur">prannoy thakur</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Waste Management, 2018</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The net volume of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generated in Himachal Pradesh is 350 tons per day (TPD) with an annual growth rate varying between 1 and 1.33%. This leads to serious considerations regarding potential occupational health hazards of workers associated with MSW. The study generated from non-engineered landfill sites was carried out at three locations-Shimla, Solan, and Mandi in Himachal Pradesh, India.. The main aim of this study was to determine existing occupational hazards in relation to MSW management at these locations, to coordinate with the different municipalities and suggest suitable remedial measures for our study locations. In particular, the exposure assessment to the work force comprising of street sweeping, waste collection, waste processing, and rag picking were assessed using an interview scheduling technique. A questionnaire survey was carried out on these workers with the questions asked related to their work culture, socioeconomic conditions, general awareness of occupational health risks and related occupational health hazards associated with the work being performed by them. The results showed that the workforce mainly comprised of males with a low percentage of literacy rates. The age distribution showed that majority of waste collectors and street sweepers were above 30 years of age (67%) and that the rag pickers in Mandi town were below 20 years of age. Income variation between casual and regular workers was highly significant with regular workers (INR 600-1200; USD 9-18) getting almost six times the payment of the casual workers (INR 100-200; USD 3-7.5). From the studies conducted the study deduced that about 64% of waste collectors, 80% of street sweepers and 10% of rag pickers in Solan and about 6.67% street sweepers, 57.47% waste collectors and 100% of rag pickers in Mandi were not provided with any protective equipment. Interestingly, in the capital city of Shimla a small fraction of the street sweepers (28%) and waste collector (6%) confirmed that they were given protective equipment twice in a year. The lack of provisions of protective equipment along with the ignorance of the workers results in occupational health hazards due to different types of external injuries. The major occupational health issues reported by various categories of waste workers were muscle and ligament sprain, cuts and lacerations and different allergies varying between 1.97 and 66.67% [ for e.g. in Solan it varies from 32.47-66.67%; Shimla 1.97-10.16% and in Mandi 9.52-16.67%], 6.36-67.95% and 5.77-42.86%, respectively. From this study, it was observed that such workers are illprotected against such occupational health hazards new laws and policies are needed to be introduced for their protection.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Occupational Health Hazard Exposure among municipal solid waste workers in Himachal Pradesh, India","attachmentId":89410040,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/84359095/Occupational_Health_Hazard_Exposure_among_municipal_solid_waste_workers_in_Himachal_Pradesh_India","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/84359095/Occupational_Health_Hazard_Exposure_among_municipal_solid_waste_workers_in_Himachal_Pradesh_India"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="110791776" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/110791776/Study_on_Occupational_Health_Hazards_of_Municipal_Solid_Waste_Workers_A_Review">Study on Occupational Health Hazards of Municipal Solid Waste Workers - A Review</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="286475018" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BharatGowda5">Bharat Gowda</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">World Journal of Environmental Biosciences</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Occupational health hazards refer to possible adverse health impacts one undergoes in their working environment. Annually 2.1 billion tons of waste is produced around the world which is usually managed by municipal solid waste workers (MSW) or municipal workers. Managing the waste produced is not an easy task as they work tirelessly. The municipal workers undergo many occupational hazards due to their poor working conditions, poor health and hygiene facilities, lack of proper protective equipment, and less or zero knowledge of proper waste management techniques. The occupational risks include biological risks from pathogens and pathogen-carrying agents such as viruses, bacteria, flies, and rodents; chemical risks from wastes such as biomedical wastes, soaps and detergents, and other poisonous substances and physiological risks due to their working conditions and heavy physiological activity. The health problems of municipal solid waste workers can be classified into musculoskeletal, respiratory, headaches, and dermatological and gastrointestinal problems. Prolonged exposure may lead to problems such as allergies, stomach pain, asthma, and other diseases. Poor working conditions, education, and socioeconomic conditions also act as factors that increase the risk of occupational hazards. This article emphasizes on the types of various health impacts through which municipal workers undergo throughout their work.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Study on Occupational Health Hazards of Municipal Solid Waste Workers - A Review","attachmentId":108500199,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/110791776/Study_on_Occupational_Health_Hazards_of_Municipal_Solid_Waste_Workers_A_Review","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/110791776/Study_on_Occupational_Health_Hazards_of_Municipal_Solid_Waste_Workers_A_Review"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="20403670" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20403670/Collection_of_domestic_waste_Review_of_occupational_health_problems_and_their_possible_causes">Collection of domestic waste. Review of occupational health problems and their possible causes</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="40590691" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BirgitteNielsen1">Birgitte Nielsen</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Science of The Total Environment, 1995</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">During the last decade, a growing interest in recycling of domestic waste has emerged, and action plans to increase the recycling of domestic waste have been agreed by many governments. A common feature of these plans is the implementation of new systems and equipment for the collection of domestic waste which has been separated at source. However, only limited information exists on possible occupational health problems related to such new systems. Occupational accidents are very frequent among waste collectors. Based on current knowledge, it appears that the risk factors should be considered as an integrated entity, i.e. technical factors (poor accessibility to the waste, design of equipment) may act in concert with high working rate, visual fatigue due to poor illumination and perhaps muscle fatigue due to high work load. Musculoskeletal problems are also common among waste collectors. A good deal of knowledge has accumulated on mechanical load on the spine and energetic load on the cardio-pulmonary system in relation to the handling of waste bags, bins, domestic containers and large containers. However, epidemiologic studies with exposure classification based on field measurement are needed, both to further identify high risk work conditions and to provide a detailed basis for the establishment of occupational exposure limits for mechanical and energetic load particularly in relation to pulling, pushing and tilting of containers. In 1975, an excess risk for chronic bronchitis was reported for waste collectors in Geneva and data from the Danish Registry of Occupational Accidents and Diseases also indicate an excess risk for pulmonary problems among waste collectors compared with the total work force. Surprisingly few measurements of potentially hazardous airborne exposures have been performed, and the causality of work-related pulmonary problems among waste collectors is unknown. Recent studies have indicated that implementation of some new waste collection systems may result in an increased risk of occupational health problems. High incidence rates of gastrointestinal problems, * Corresponding author.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Collection of domestic waste. Review of occupational health problems and their possible causes","attachmentId":41345246,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/20403670/Collection_of_domestic_waste_Review_of_occupational_health_problems_and_their_possible_causes","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/20403670/Collection_of_domestic_waste_Review_of_occupational_health_problems_and_their_possible_causes"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="84207959" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/84207959/Occupational_Health_Hazard_Among_Waste_Collectors_of_Bhopal_City">Occupational Health Hazard Among Waste Collectors of Bhopal City</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="52010513" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DrDileepDandotiya">Dr Dileep Dandotiya</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Journal of Preventive, Curative & Community Medicine, 2018</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Background: The manpower which collects waste from urban localities to dumping or disposal site is exposed to a number of health hazards which are of physical chemical and biological nature. The waste collectors have the seventh most dangerous job in the world. The working conditions of waste collectors are very poor and are violation of human rights. Objectives: 1. To Identify health problems in solid waste collectors of Zone-2 (old city) of Bhopal 2. To Educate them about their occupational hazards and measures to prevent them 3. To sensitize the municipal authorities about their problems and the need for provision of safety devices and measures 4. To assess the increase in the use of safety devices and measures Material and Methods: All workers of zone-2 Bhopal were called for health checkup and health education at</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Occupational Health Hazard Among Waste Collectors of Bhopal City","attachmentId":89311418,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/84207959/Occupational_Health_Hazard_Among_Waste_Collectors_of_Bhopal_City","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/84207959/Occupational_Health_Hazard_Among_Waste_Collectors_of_Bhopal_City"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="56682600" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/56682600/Occupational_and_social_hazards_among_domestic_solid_waste_collectors_a_cross_sectional_study">Occupational and social hazards among domestic solid waste collectors: a cross sectional study</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4471091" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SwatiRaje">Swati Raje</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Background: Domestic solid waste collectors play important role in maintain hygiene of a community, especially in developing countries. Yet not many efforts are done to identify their health needs. The main objective of this study is to identify the morbidity pattern and social problems of solid waste collectors in urban Maharashtra.Methods: It was a cross sectional study. Study population consisted of domestic solid waste collectors who are registered under municipal corporation. Sampling was purposive. All the domestic solid waste collectors who came for specially arranged health check-up were included in the sample. Social and demographic information along with clinical history was collected using a structured questionnaire. General physical exam, eye checkup, skin examination and lab investigations were done in a specially organized camp, after obtaining prior consent of the participants. Data was analyzed using SPSS 19 software.Results: More than 90% of 98 solid waste collecto...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Occupational and social hazards among domestic solid waste collectors: a cross sectional study","attachmentId":71947903,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/56682600/Occupational_and_social_hazards_among_domestic_solid_waste_collectors_a_cross_sectional_study","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/56682600/Occupational_and_social_hazards_among_domestic_solid_waste_collectors_a_cross_sectional_study"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="26555005" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26555005/Report_on_the_Occupational_Health_and_Safety_of_Door_to_Door_Waste_Collectors_A_Case_Study_of_SWaCH_Pune">Report on the Occupational Health and Safety of Door to Door Waste Collectors: A Case Study of SWaCH Pune</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="41661537" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AnjorBhaskar">Anjor Bhaskar</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">SWaCH is a cooperative of waste pickers engaged in Door to Door Collection (DTDC) of waste from citizens of Pune and Pimpri Chinchwad. Nearly 2000 members of the cooperative work in the city of Pune within the administration of the Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC). They go every morning on their push carts/cycle rickshaws/tempos with their buckets to collect waste from the households, shops, offices, factories and other establishments. They cover nearly 3,00,000 establishments comprising nearly 40% of the city’s population. SWaCH was established in the year 2008 for a number of purposes but the overarching objective was the welfare of waste pickers. However, the engagement of waste pickers in door to door collection in Pune was initiated nearly 20 years ago around 1990. The objective was clear – to improve working conditions by giving waste pickers direct access to clean waste at its point of generation. This engagement has steadily increased with time. With the formation of SWaCH, an MoU was signed between the PMC and SWaCH which clearly fixes the responsibility of both parties towards each other and the citizens in a way to facilitate not only better waste management, but also better resource allocation to improve the conditions of work of waste pickers. Clearly, one of the important purposes of shifting waste pickers from their traditional mode of waste collection, or rag picking, to DTDC is to reduce the hazards which waste pickers are traditionally exposed to as a part of their occupation. Nearly one third of the waste pickers in Pune are now engaged in DTDC as members of SWaCH. Whether or not, their occupation as SWaCH members is any less hazardous as compared to their waste picking counterparts is difficult to answer. However, it is safe to say that their occupational health and safety concerns are different from those faced by waste pickers. In spite of the changed nature of their interaction of their interaction with waste, SWaCH members still do interact with waste and are exposed to a large number of hazards. It is these hazards which are analysed in this paper. It attempts to draw a rough picture of the types of health problems afflicting waste pickers in engaged in door to door waste collection in Pune.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Report on the Occupational Health and Safety of Door to Door Waste Collectors: A Case Study of SWaCH Pune","attachmentId":46848506,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/26555005/Report_on_the_Occupational_Health_and_Safety_of_Door_to_Door_Waste_Collectors_A_Case_Study_of_SWaCH_Pune","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/26555005/Report_on_the_Occupational_Health_and_Safety_of_Door_to_Door_Waste_Collectors_A_Case_Study_of_SWaCH_Pune"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="84969115" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/84969115/The_Occupational_Health_Aspects_of_Waste_Collection_and_Recycling">The Occupational Health Aspects of Waste Collection and Recycling</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="8167318" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MaartjevanEerd">Maartje van Eerd</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">1996</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">An inventory study in India UWEP Working Documents UWEP Working Document 4, Part II Maartje van Eerd</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Occupational Health Aspects of Waste Collection and Recycling","attachmentId":89814633,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/84969115/The_Occupational_Health_Aspects_of_Waste_Collection_and_Recycling","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/84969115/The_Occupational_Health_Aspects_of_Waste_Collection_and_Recycling"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="50654695" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50654695/Waste_Workers_and_Occupational_Health_Risks">Waste Workers and Occupational Health Risks</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="114266465" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BaralY">Yuba Raj Baral</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">of waste everywhere (such as on the road side, riverbanks and drains) threatens the environment. Polluted environment means deterioration of the quality of water, soil and air which has direct consequences on human health.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Waste Workers and Occupational Health Risks","attachmentId":68554186,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/50654695/Waste_Workers_and_Occupational_Health_Risks","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/50654695/Waste_Workers_and_Occupational_Health_Risks"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="22223612" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22223612/Review_of_Health_Risks_for_workers_in_the_Waste_and_Recycling_Industry">Review of Health Risks for workers in the Waste and Recycling Industry</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="16252728" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KetanDonda">Ketan Donda</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Review of Health Risks for workers in the Waste and Recycling Industry","attachmentId":42874999,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22223612/Review_of_Health_Risks_for_workers_in_the_Waste_and_Recycling_Industry","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/22223612/Review_of_Health_Risks_for_workers_in_the_Waste_and_Recycling_Industry"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":61056710,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":61056710,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_61056710" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="49521497" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49521497/Occupational_Risks_among_the_Municipal_Solid_Waste_Collectors_in_Khartoum_Locality">Occupational Risks among the Municipal Solid Waste Collectors in Khartoum Locality</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="60713522" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MohammedaliAlzain">Mohammedali Alzain</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" 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