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href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Religion-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Religion</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Marla" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marla"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Marla</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marla-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliographie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliographie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Bibliographie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliographie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Filmographie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filmographie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Filmographie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filmographie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Articles_connexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Articles connexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_et_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_internes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_internes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Liens internes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_internes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Maris (peuple)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 67 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-67" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">67 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheremises" title="Cheremises – aragonais" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Cheremises" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86" title="مارييون – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مارييون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86" title="مارييين – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مارييين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maril%C9%99r" title="Marilər – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Marilər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%84%D8%B1" title="ماری‌‌لر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ماری‌‌لر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D2%99%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Мариҙар – bachkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Мариҙар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bachkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B9%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Марыйцы – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Марыйцы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B9%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Марыйцы – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Марыйцы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_Mari" title="Orang Mari – betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Orang Mari" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Марийци – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Марийци" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Марийнууд – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Марийнууд" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_(poble)" title="Mari (poble) – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mari (poble)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%88" title="Марийш – tchétchène" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Марийш" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="tchétchène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87ermi%C5%9Fler" title="Çermişler – tatar de Crimée" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Çermişler" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="tatar de Crimée" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijci" title="Marijci – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Marijci" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%C4%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Çармăссем – tchouvache" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Çармăссем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tchouvache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariere" title="Mariere – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mariere" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_(Volk)" title="Mari (Volk) – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mari (Volk)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B9" title="Μάρι – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μάρι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_people" title="Mari people – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Mari people" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marioj" title="Marioj – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Marioj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_(pueblo)" title="Mari (pueblo) – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mari (pueblo)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marid" title="Marid – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Marid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_(herria)" title="Mari (herria) – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mari (herria)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%85_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="مردم ماری – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مردم ماری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marit" title="Marit – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Marit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%99_(%D7%A2%D7%9D)" title="מארי (עם) – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מארי (עם)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijci" title="Marijci – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Marijci" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marik" title="Marik – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Marik" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80_(%D5%AA%D5%B8%D5%B2%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%A4)" title="Մարիներ (ժողովուրդ) – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մարիներ (ժողովուրդ)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suku_Mari" title="Suku Mari – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Suku Mari" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_(popolo)" title="Mari (popolo) – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mari (popolo)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="マリ人 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マリ人" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="მარიელები – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მარიელები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jolma_Mari" title="Jolma Mari – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Jolma Mari" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Марилер – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Марилер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EB%A6%AC%EC%9D%B8" title="마리인 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마리인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Мари отир – komi-permiak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Мари отир" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="komi-permiak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Мари – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Мари" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Марийлер – kirghize" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Марийлер" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghize" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariai" title="Mariai – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mariai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie%C5%A1i" title="Marieši – letton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Marieši" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_(vahoaka)" title="Mary (vahoaka) – malgache" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Mary (vahoaka)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Марий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Марий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Маријци – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Маријци" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_Mari" title="Orang Mari – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Orang Mari" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Марить – erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Марить" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_(volk)" title="Mari (volk) – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mari (volk)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariar" title="Mariar – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mariar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariere" title="Mariere – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mariere" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%B0%D0%B4%C3%A6%D0%BC" title="Марийаг адæм – ossète" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Марийаг адæм" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossète" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryjczycy" title="Maryjczycy – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Maryjczycy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maris" title="Maris – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Maris" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Марийцы – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Марийцы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Марийдар – iakoute" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Марийдар" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iakoute" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijci" title="Marijci – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Marijci" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijci" title="Marijci – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Marijci" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Маријци – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Маријци" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="article recommandé"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marier" title="Marier – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Marier" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87irmi%C5%9Fler" title="Çirmişler – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Çirmişler" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Марилар – tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Марилар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%91%D1%81" title="Поръёс – oudmourte" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Поръёс" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="oudmourte" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%86%D1%96" title="Марійці – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Марійці" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariylar" title="Mariylar – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mariylar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Mari" title="Người Mari – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Người Mari" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%BA" title="马里人 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="马里人" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%BA" title="马里人 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="马里人" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q214361#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maris_(peuple)" title="Voir le contenu de la page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussion:Maris_(peuple)" rel="discussion" title="Discussion au sujet de cette page de contenu [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Modifier la variante de langue" > <label 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maris_(peuple)"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maris_(peuple)&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a 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liées</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Importer_un_fichier" title="Téléverser des fichiers [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Téléverser un fichier</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_sp%C3%A9ciales" title="Liste de toutes les pages spéciales [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pages spéciales</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maris_(peuple)&oldid=215639702" title="Adresse permanente de cette version de cette page"><span>Lien permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maris_(peuple)&action=info" title="Davantage d’informations sur cette page"><span>Informations sur la page</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Citer&page=Maris_%28peuple%29&id=215639702&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informations sur la manière de citer cette page"><span>Citer cette 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données connecté [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Élément Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Homonymie" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/20px-Logo_disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/30px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/40px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour les articles homonymes, voir <a href="/wiki/Maris" class="mw-disambig" title="Maris">Maris</a>. </p> </div></div> <div class="bandeau-container metadata bandeau-article bandeau-niveau-ebauche"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span style="white-space:nowrap;word-spacing:5px"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag-map_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag-map_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag-map_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag-map_of_Russia.svg/68px-Flag-map_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag-map_of_Russia.svg/90px-Flag-map_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1039" data-file-height="604" /></a></span> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Girl,_Mursi_Tribe,_Ethiopia_(21000151414).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Girl%2C_Mursi_Tribe%2C_Ethiopia_%2821000151414%29.jpg/33px-Girl%2C_Mursi_Tribe%2C_Ethiopia_%2821000151414%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="33" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Girl%2C_Mursi_Tribe%2C_Ethiopia_%2821000151414%29.jpg/50px-Girl%2C_Mursi_Tribe%2C_Ethiopia_%2821000151414%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Girl%2C_Mursi_Tribe%2C_Ethiopia_%2821000151414%29.jpg/66px-Girl%2C_Mursi_Tribe%2C_Ethiopia_%2821000151414%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2742" data-file-height="2928" /></a></span></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p><strong class="bandeau-titre">Cet article est une <a href="/wiki/Aide:%C3%89bauche" title="Aide:Ébauche">ébauche</a> concernant la <a href="/wiki/Russie" title="Russie">Russie</a> et un <a href="/wiki/Ethnie" title="Ethnie">groupe ethnique</a>.</strong> </p><p>Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (<b><a href="/wiki/Aide:Comment_modifier_une_page" title="Aide:Comment modifier une page">comment ?</a></b>) selon les recommandations des <a href="/wiki/Projet:Accueil" title="Projet:Accueil">projets correspondants</a>. </p> </div></div> <div class="infobox_v3 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive" style="width:22em"> <div class="entete" style="background-color: #b08261; color: #fff;"> <div>Maris</div> </div> <div class="images"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Hill_mari_folk_ensemble.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Description de l'image Hill mari folk ensemble.jpg." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Hill_mari_folk_ensemble.jpg/220px-Hill_mari_folk_ensemble.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Hill_mari_folk_ensemble.jpg/330px-Hill_mari_folk_ensemble.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Hill_mari_folk_ensemble.jpg/440px-Hill_mari_folk_ensemble.jpg 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="452" /></a></span> </div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table><caption style="background-color:#dec8ab;">Populations importantes par région</caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"> <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Russie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Russie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Russie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russie" title="Russie">Russie</a></span> </th> <td> 547 605<small> (2010)</small><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"> • <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Mari_El.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Mari_El.svg/20px-Flag_of_Mari_El.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Mari_El.svg/30px-Flag_of_Mari_El.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Mari_El.svg/40px-Flag_of_Mari_El.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_des_Maris" title="République des Maris">Mari El</a> </th> <td> 290 863</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"> <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Kazakhstan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Kazakhstan"><img alt="Drapeau du Kazakhstan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></span> </th> <td> 4 416<small> (2009)</small><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"> <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Bielorussie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Belarus.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Biélorussie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Biélorussie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/20px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/30px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bi%C3%A9lorussie" title="Biélorussie">Biélorussie</a></span> </th> <td> 416<small> (2009)</small><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"> <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Lettonie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Latvia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Lettonie"><img alt="Drapeau de la Lettonie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Lettonie" title="Lettonie">Lettonie</a></span> </th> <td> 277<small> (2009)</small><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"> <span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Estonie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Estonia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Estonie"><img alt="Drapeau de l'Estonie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Estonie" title="Estonie">Estonie</a></span> </th> <td> 241<small> (2011)</small><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:8em;"> Population totale </th> <td> environ 600 000</td> </tr> </tbody></table> <table><caption style="background-color:#dec8ab;">Autres</caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="row" style="width:5em;"> Langues </th> <td> <a href="/wiki/Mari_(langue)" title="Mari (langue)">mari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russe" title="Russe">russe</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:5em;"> Religions </th> <td> <a href="/wiki/Marla_(religion)" title="Marla (religion)">marla</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christianisme_orthodoxe" title="Christianisme orthodoxe">christianisme orthodoxe</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width:5em;"> Ethnies liées </th> <td> <a href="/wiki/Finno-ougriens" class="mw-redirect" title="Finno-ougriens">Finno-ougriens</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <div class="images"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Muromian-map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Muromian-map.png/220px-Muromian-map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Muromian-map.png/330px-Muromian-map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Muromian-map.png/440px-Muromian-map.png 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="622" /></a></span> </div> <div class="legend">Carte de répartition</div> <p class="navbar bordered noprint" style="border-color:#b08261;"><span class="plainlinks navigation-not-searchable"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maris_(peuple)&action=edit">modifier</a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Infobox_Groupe_ethnique" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></p></div> <p>Les <b>Maris</b> (en <a href="/wiki/Mari_(langue)" title="Mari (langue)">mari</a> : мари, en <a href="/wiki/Russe" title="Russe">russe</a> : <span class="lang-ru" lang="ru">марийцы</span>) également connus sous le nom de <b>Tchérémisses</b> (en <a href="/wiki/Russe" title="Russe">russe</a> : <span class="lang-ru" lang="ru">черемисы</span>), sont un peuple de langue et de tradition <a href="/wiki/Langues_finno-ougriennes" title="Langues finno-ougriennes">finno-ougrienne</a> qui se partage en deux groupes distincts : </p> <ul><li>à l'ouest le long de la haute vallée de la <a href="/wiki/Volga" title="Volga">Volga</a> une minorité, les Maris des montagnes (ou des collines), convertis depuis longtemps au christianisme et parlant traditionnellement le <a href="/wiki/Mari_(langue)" title="Mari (langue)">mari</a> (langue devenue très minoritaire face à la langue russe),</li> <li>et une majorité à l'est, les Maris des plaines (ou des prairies), qui continuent de pratiquer leur religion d'origine, le <a href="/wiki/Marla_(religion)" title="Marla (religion)">marla</a> (autrefois qualifié de <a href="/wiki/Paganisme" title="Paganisme">paganisme</a>) et parlant eux aussi traditionnellement le <a href="/wiki/Mari_(langue)" title="Mari (langue)">mari</a>.</li></ul> <p>Ils furent soumis par la <a href="/wiki/Russie" title="Russie">Russie</a> au temps du tsar <a href="/wiki/Ivan_IV_de_Russie" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivan IV de Russie">Ivan le terrible</a><sup id="cite_ref-n°17_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-n°17-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Bearing_Away_the_Bride.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Bearing_Away_the_Bride.jpg/260px-Bearing_Away_the_Bride.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Bearing_Away_the_Bride.jpg/390px-Bearing_Away_the_Bride.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Bearing_Away_the_Bride.jpg/520px-Bearing_Away_the_Bride.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2619" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Nikola%C3%AF_Fechine" title="Nikolaï Fechine">Nikolaï Fechine</a>, <i>Mariage chez les Tchérémisses</i></figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Histoire">Histoire</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maris_(peuple)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Histoire" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maris_(peuple)&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Histoire"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone"><span class="mw-valign-text-top noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Fairytale_warning.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/17px-Fairytale_warning.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/26px-Fairytale_warning.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/34px-Fairytale_warning.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell">Cette section est vide, insuffisamment détaillée ou incomplète. <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:EditPage/Maris_(peuple)" title="Spécial:EditPage/Maris (peuple)">Votre aide</a> est la bienvenue ! <a href="/wiki/Aide:Comment_modifier_une_page" title="Aide:Comment modifier une page">Comment faire ?</a></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religion">Religion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maris_(peuple)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Religion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maris_(peuple)&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Religion"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le <a href="/wiki/Marla_(religion)" title="Marla (religion)">marla</a> est resté très vivace chez les Maris. Ils ont d'abord été islamisés. </p><p>Au <a href="/wiki/XVIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XVIIe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="17ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle</a>, ils subirent la politique de christianisation de l'État russe, et furent un des rares peuples musulmans où celle-ci fut fructueuse<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>On estime qu'aujourd'hui 5 à 7 % des Maris sont marlas par tradition familiale, tandis que 60 % pratiquent un <a href="/wiki/Syncr%C3%A9tisme" title="Syncrétisme">syncrétisme</a> pagano-orthodoxe. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marla">Marla</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maris_(peuple)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Marla" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maris_(peuple)&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Marla"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe">Article détaillé : <a href="/wiki/Marla_(religion)" title="Marla (religion)">Marla (religion)</a>.</div></div> <p>Chaque village mari a son « karte »<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>9<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, prêtre marla. Jusqu'en <a href="/wiki/1887" title="1887">1887</a> on pouvait assister à des prières collectives, avec la participation de tous les kartes et de dizaines de milliers de pèlerins. Les autorités tsaristes interdirent par la suite ces rassemblements religieux. Depuis <a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a>, on assiste à une renaissance du Marla, les statuts d'une « union religieuse » dénommée <i>Ochmari Tchimari</i> (Mari blanc/Mari pur) ont été déposés. Il s'agit de la plus grande association religieuse non <a href="/wiki/Abrahamique" class="mw-redirect" title="Abrahamique">abrahamique</a> de la fédération de Russie. Son grand prêtre est l'écrivain mari <a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Yuzykain" title="Alexandre Yuzykain">Louzykaïne</a>. Les intellectuels maris considèrent le Marla comme un instrument de lutte contre la russification<sup id="cite_ref-n°17_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-n°17-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Le dieu-créateur suprême des Maris, chef des autres dieux, se nomme « Blank ». Il est anthropomorphe. Le panthéon marla en compte des dizaines d'autres : le dieu de la vie organique, la Terre-mère, la Mère-Soleil et les esprits de la nature qui habitent les bois et les arbres sacrés<sup id="cite_ref-n°17_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-n°17-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. À la différence des autres religions non abrahamiques russes, les Maris ne vénéraient pas d'idole, mais les forêts sacrées<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>10<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1995-09-22" data-sort-value="1995-09-22">22 septembre 1995</time> s'est déroulé un grand rassemblement de prière marla près du village de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Koupriyanovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koupriyanovo (page inexistante)">Koupriyanovo</a>. Cette cérémonie n'a lieu que rarement, les précédentes dataient de <a href="/wiki/1953" title="1953">1953</a> et de <a href="/wiki/1882" title="1882">1882</a>. Les kartes y sacrifiaient autrefois des chevaux, des taureaux et des oies<sup id="cite_ref-n°17_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-n°17-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Le Président de la république est béni, à son entrée en fonction, par l'évêque orthodoxe et par le grand prêtre marla. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliographie">Bibliographie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maris_(peuple)&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Bibliographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maris_(peuple)&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Bibliographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Eva Toulouze, Vincent Lorenzini (dir.), <i>Les Maris, un peuple finno-ougrien de Russie centrale,</i> Paris, L'Harmattan, 2013.</li> <li>Nouvelles de Synergies européennes, N°17, <time class="nowrap" datetime="1996-01" data-sort-value="1996-01">janvier 1996</time>, p. 14-15, <i>La république des Maris, dernière nation païenne d'Europe</i>, par Anatoli Mikhaïlovitch Ivanov.</li> <li><i>L'ethnogénèse des peuples de la Moyenne-Volga (Tatars, Tchouvaches, Mordves, Maris, Oudmourtes) dans les recherches soviétiques</i> <a href="/wiki/Andreas_Kappeler" title="Andreas Kappeler">Andreas Kappeler</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Cahiers_du_monde_russe" title="Cahiers du monde russe">Cahiers du monde russe et soviétique</a></i>, 1976, vol. 17, n° 2, pp. 311-334. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.persee.fr/doc/cmr_0008-0160_1976_num_17_2_1267">lire en ligne sur persee.fr</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Filmographie">Filmographie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maris_(peuple)&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Filmographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maris_(peuple)&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Filmographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : russe">(ru)</abbr> <i><a href="/wiki/Le_Dernier_Voyage_de_Tanya" title="Le Dernier Voyage de Tanya">Le Dernier Voyage de Tanya</a></i> film russe du réalisateur <a href="/wiki/Alekse%C3%AF_Fedortchenko" title="Alekseï Fedortchenko">Alekseï Fedortchenko</a>, 2010</li> <li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : russe">(ru)</abbr> <i>Les épouses célestes du peuple mari</i>, réalisateur Alekseï Fedortchenko, 2012. Présenté à Paris en novembre 2013 dans le cadre du festival <i>Regards de Russie</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maris_(peuple)&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maris_(peuple)&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles connexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mariage_chez_les_Tch%C3%A9r%C3%A9misses" title="Mariage chez les Tchérémisses">Mariage chez les Tchérémisses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapoustnitsa" title="Kapoustnitsa">Kapoustnitsa</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maris_(peuple)&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maris_(peuple)&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/perepis_itogi1612.htm">Official site of the Russian Census of 2010. Information materials about the final results of the Russian Census of 2010</a>. <abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : russe">(ru)</abbr></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stat.kz/p_perepis/Documents/Нац%20состав.rar">Kazakh Census of 2009. Ethnic composition of the population</a> <span class="ouvrage" id="2011"><span class="noarchive">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110723084232/http://www.stat.kz/p_perepis/Documents/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%20%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2.rar"><cite style="font-style:normal; color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">https://web.archive.org/web/20110723084232/http://www.stat.kz/p_perepis/Documents/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%20%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2.rar</cite></a> »<sup class="plainlinks">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://web.archive.org/web/20110723084232/http://www.stat.kz/p_perepis/Documents/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%20%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2.rar">Archive.org</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/?url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723084232/http://www.stat.kz/p_perepis/Documents/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%20%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2.rar">Wikiwix</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.is/https://web.archive.org/web/20110723084232/http://www.stat.kz/p_perepis/Documents/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%20%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2.rar">Archive.is</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?hl=fr&q=cache:https://web.archive.org/web/20110723084232/http://www.stat.kz/p_perepis/Documents/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%20%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2.rar">Google</a> • <a href="/wiki/Projet:Correction_des_liens_externes#J'ai_trouvé_un_lien_mort,_que_faire_?" title="Projet:Correction des liens externes">Que faire ?</a>)</sup></span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2011-07-23" data-sort-value="2011-07-23">23 juillet 2011</time></span>. <abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : russe">(ru)</abbr></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pop-stat.mashke.org/belarus-ethnic2009.htm">Ethnic composition of Belarus. Census of 2009</a>. <abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : russe">(ru)</abbr></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pmlp.gov.lv/lv/statistika/dokuments/ISVN_Latvija_pec_TTB_VPD.pdf">Population distribution of Latvia by ethnic composition and citizenship as of 01.07.2009</a>. <abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : letton">(lv)</abbr></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pub.stat.ee/px-web.2001/Dialog/varval.asp?ma=RL0428&ti=RAHVASTIK+RAHVUSE%2C+SOO+JA+ELUKOHA+J%C4RGI%2C+31%2E+DETSEMBER+2011&path=../Database/Rahvaloendus/REL2011/07Rahvastiku_demograafilised_ja_etno_kultuurilised_naitajad/08Rahvus_Emakeel_ja_keelteoskus_Murded/&lang=2">RL0428: Rahvastik rahvuse, soo ja elukoha järgi, 31. detsember 2011</a> <abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : estonien">(et)</abbr></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-n°17-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-n°17_6-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-n°17_6-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-n°17_6-2">c</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-n°17_6-3">d</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text">Nouvelles de Synergies européennes, N°17, janvier 1996, p. 14-15, <i>La république des Maris, dernière nation païenne d'Europe</i>, par Anatoli Mikhaïlovitch Ivanov</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/mari-ethnie/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">MARI, ethnie</cite></a> », Encyclopedia universalis <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2014-12-27" data-sort-value="2014-12-27">27 décembre 2014</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Hans-Heinrich_Nolte" title="Hans-Heinrich Nolte">Hans-Heinrich Nolte</a>, <i>Religiöse Toleranz in Russland 1600-1725</i> (La tolérance religieuse en Russie 1600-1725), Göttingen; Zürich; Francfort, Musterschmidt-Verlag, 1969, p89</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/europe/article/2009/11/30/chez-les-derniers-animistes-d-europe_1273978_3214.html">« Chez les derniers animistes d'Europe »</a>, <i>Le Monde</i>, 30 novembre 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Komsomolska%C3%AFa_Pravda" title="Komsomolskaïa Pravda">Komsomolskaïa Pravda</a>, 3 novembre 1995, par V. Peskov</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liens_internes">Liens internes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maris_(peuple)&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifier la section : Liens internes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maris_(peuple)&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens internes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Finnois_de_la_Volga" title="Finnois de la Volga">Finnois de la Volga</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-container" style="clear:both;"> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint collapsed" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=""><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Peuples_d%27Europe" title="Modèle:Palette Peuples d'Europe"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Peuples_d%27Europe&action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%">Peuples d’Europe, selon « National Minorities In Europe »</div></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:70px;">> 50 millions</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russes" title="Russes">Russes</a> (Europe et Asie, 122 millions)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allemands" title="Allemands">Allemands</a> (de <a href="/wiki/Allemand" title="Allemand">langue allemande</a>, <span style="white-space:normal;">notamment les <a href="/wiki/Allemagne" title="Allemagne">Allemands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Autrichiens" title="Autrichiens">Autrichiens</a>, mais aussi les <a href="/wiki/Alsaciens" title="Alsaciens">Alsaciens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lorrains" title="Lorrains">Lorrains</a>, <a href="/wiki/Province_autonome_de_Bolzano" title="Province autonome de Bolzano">Tyroliens du Sud</a>, la <a href="/wiki/Communaut%C3%A9_germanophone_de_Belgique" title="Communauté germanophone de Belgique">Communauté germanophone de Belgique</a> et les <a href="/wiki/Jutland_du_Sud" title="Jutland du Sud">Schleswig du Nord</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="et cetera">etc.</abbr> ; 89,3 millions)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turcs_(peuple)" title="Turcs (peuple)">Turcs</a> (Asie et Europe, 56,5 millions)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italiens" title="Italiens">Italiens</a> (56,4 millions)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ais_(peuple)" title="Français (peuple)">Français</a> (<span style="white-space:normal;">de <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ais" title="Français">langue française</a>, les <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gion_de_langue_fran%C3%A7aise_de_Belgique" title="Région de langue française de Belgique">francophones de Belgique</a> ; 55,0 millions</span>)</li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:70px;">> 20 millions</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglais_(peuple)" title="Anglais (peuple)">Anglais</a> (46,0 millions)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainiens" title="Ukrainiens">Ukrainiens</a> (43,2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polonais_(peuple)" title="Polonais (peuple)">Polonais</a> (38,4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Espagnols" title="Espagnols">Espagnols</a> (<span style="white-space:normal;">en incluant les <a href="/wiki/Mirandais" title="Mirandais">Mirandais</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barranquenho&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barranquenho (page inexistante)">Barranquenhos</a>, 31,1</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roumains" title="Roumains">Roumains</a> (<span style="white-space:normal;">en incluant les <a href="/wiki/Moldaves" title="Moldaves">Moldaves</a>, 23,5</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9erlandais_(peuple)" title="Néerlandais (peuple)">Néerlandais</a> (<span style="white-space:normal;">en incluant les <a href="/wiki/Flamands" title="Flamands">Flamands</a>, 20,7</span>)</li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:70px;">> 5 millions</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Magyars" title="Magyars">Magyars</a> (11,7)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugais_(peuple)" title="Portugais (peuple)">Portugais</a> (en incluant les <a href="/wiki/Galice" title="Galice">Galiciens</a>, 11,6)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grecs" title="Grecs">Grecs</a> (11,6)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bi%C3%A9lorusses" title="Biélorusses">Biélorusses</a> (10,2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roms" title="Roms">Roms</a> (10,0)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tch%C3%A8ques" title="Tchèques">Tchèques</a> (y compris les <a href="/wiki/Moraves" title="Moraves">Moraves</a>, 9,80)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su%C3%A9dois_(peuple)" title="Suédois (peuple)">Suédois</a> (8,00)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbes" title="Serbes">Serbes</a> (7,70)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suisses" title="Suisses">Suisses</a> (7,00)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgares" title="Bulgares">Bulgares</a> (en incluant les <a href="/wiki/Pomaks" title="Pomaks">Pomaks</a>, 6,70)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalans" title="Catalans">Catalans</a> (en incluant les <a href="/w/index.php?title=Valenciens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valenciens (page inexistante)">Valenciens</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valencians" class="extiw" title="en:Valencians"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais : « Valencians »">(en)</span></a>, 6,40)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irlandais_(peuple)" title="Irlandais (peuple)">Irlandais</a> (6,10)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occitans" title="Occitans">Occitans</a> (en incluant les <a href="/wiki/Aranais" title="Aranais">Aranais</a>, 5,95)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatars" title="Tatars">Tatars</a> (en incluant les <a href="/wiki/Tatars_de_Crim%C3%A9e" title="Tatars de Crimée">Tatars de Crimée</a>, 5,70)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cossais_(peuple)" title="Écossais (peuple)">Écossais</a> (5,50)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnois_(peuple)" title="Finnois (peuple)">Finnois</a> (5,34)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanais_(peuple)" title="Albanais (peuple)">Albanais</a> (5,30)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danois_(nation)" title="Danois (nation)">Danois</a> (5,10)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovaques" title="Slovaques">Slovaques</a> (5,00)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siciliens" title="Siciliens">Siciliens</a> (5,05)</li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="width:70px;">< 5 millions</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croates" title="Croates">Croates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norv%C3%A9giens" title="Norvégiens">Norvégiens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lituaniens" title="Lituaniens">Lituaniens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slov%C3%A8nes" title="Slovènes">Slovènes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tchouvaches" title="Tchouvaches">Tchouvaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac%C3%A9doniens_(peuple)" title="Macédoniens (peuple)">Macédoniens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosniaques" title="Bosniaques">Bosniaques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lettons" title="Lettons">Lettons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bachkirs" title="Bachkirs">Bachkirs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juifs" title="Juifs">Juifs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardes_(peuple)" title="Sardes (peuple)">Sardes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mordves" title="Mordves">Mordves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estoniens" title="Estoniens">Estoniens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tch%C3%A9tch%C3%A8nes" title="Tchétchènes">Tchétchènes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oudmourtes" title="Oudmourtes">Oudmourtes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Car%C3%A9liens" title="Caréliens">Caréliens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basques" title="Basques">Basques</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Maris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langues_rh%C3%A9to-romanes" title="Langues rhéto-romanes">Rhéto-Romans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frioulans" title="Frioulans">Frioulans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladins" title="Ladins">Ladins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanches" title="Romanches">Romanches</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mont%C3%A9n%C3%A9grins" title="Monténégrins">Monténégrins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avars_(Caucase)" title="Avars (Caucase)">Avars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallois_(peuple)" title="Gallois (peuple)">Gallois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cachoubes" title="Cachoubes">Cachoubes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sil%C3%A9siens" title="Silésiens">Silésiens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frisons" title="Frisons">Frisons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bretons" title="Bretons">Bretons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oss%C3%A8tes" title="Ossètes">Ossètes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabardes" title="Kabardes">Kabardes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltais_(peuple)" title="Maltais (peuple)">Maltais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darguines" title="Darguines">Darguines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aroumains" title="Aroumains">Aroumains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komis" title="Komis">Komi Zyriènes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourgeois_(peuple)" title="Luxembourgeois (peuple)">Luxembourgeois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koumyks" title="Koumyks">Koumyks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lezghiens" title="Lezghiens">Lezghiens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islandais_(peuple)" title="Islandais (peuple)">Islandais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingouches" title="Ingouches">Ingouches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gagaouzes" title="Gagaouzes">Gagaouzes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circassie" title="Circassie">Circassiens</a> (Adyguéens)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalmouks" title="Kalmouks">Kalmouks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karatcha%C3%AFs" title="Karatchaïs">Karatchaïs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komis" title="Komis">Komi Permiak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laks" title="Laks">Laks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabassarans" title="Tabassarans">Tabassarans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samis" title="Samis">Samis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkars" title="Balkars">Balkars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noga%C3%AFs" title="Nogaïs">Nogais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorabes" title="Sorabes">Sorabes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusyns" title="Rusyns">Rusyns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunjevci" title="Bunjevci">Bunjevci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorans" title="Gorans">Gorans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inuits" title="Inuits">Inuits</a> du <a href="/wiki/Groenland" title="Groenland">Groenland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9ro%C3%AFens" title="Féroïens">Féroïens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Routouls" title="Routouls">Routouls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tats" title="Tats">Tats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vepses" title="Vepses">Vepses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsakhours" title="Tsakhours">Tsakhours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kara%C3%AFmes_(peuple)" title="Karaïmes (peuple)">Karaïmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingriens" title="Ingriens">Ijoriens</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ingriens" title="Ingriens">Ingriens</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corniques" title="Corniques">Corniques</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mannois_(peuple)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mannois (peuple) (page inexistante)">Mannois</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manx_people" class="extiw" title="en:Manx people"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais : « Manx people »">(en)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lives_(peuple)" title="Lives (peuple)">Lives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corses" title="Corses">Corses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vald%C3%B4tains" title="Valdôtains">Valdôtains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istro-Roumains" title="Istro-Roumains">Istro-Roumains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayaches" title="Bayaches">Bayaches</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-banner" style="" colspan="2">Christoph Pan, Beate Sibylle Pfeil, Michael Geistlinger, <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">National Minorities In Europe</span></i>, Purdue University Press, 2004 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-3700314431" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-3700314431"><span class="nowrap">978-3700314431</span></a>)</small> : « <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">The Peoples of Europe by Demographic Size</span></i> », table 1, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 11f.</td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint collapsed" style="line-height:1.5;"> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="line-height:1.5;"><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Peuples_finno-ougriens" title="Modèle:Palette Peuples finno-ougriens"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Peuples_finno-ougriens&action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/Peuples_finno-ougriens" title="Peuples finno-ougriens">Peuples finno-ougriens</a></div></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/Finnois_de_la_Baltique" title="Finnois de la Baltique">Finnois de la Baltique</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style="text-align:left;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ingriens" title="Ingriens">Ingriens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Car%C3%A9liens" title="Caréliens">Caréliens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lives_(peuple)" title="Lives (peuple)">Lives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnois_(peuple)" title="Finnois (peuple)">Finnois</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Finnois_d%27Ingrie" title="Finnois d'Ingrie">Finnois d'Ingrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kv%C3%A8nes" title="Kvènes">Kvènes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torn%C3%A9daliens" title="Tornédaliens">Tornédaliens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skogfinns" title="Skogfinns">Skogfinns</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Votes" title="Votes">Votes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vepses" title="Vepses">Vepses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estoniens" title="Estoniens">Estoniens</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B5ros" title="Võros">Võros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setos" title="Setos">Setos</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/Finnois_de_la_Volga" title="Finnois de la Volga">Finnois de la Volga</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Maris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mordves" title="Mordves">Mordves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9riens" title="Mériens">Mériens</a> †</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechtch%C3%A9riens" title="Mechtchériens">Mechtchériens</a> †</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mouromiens" title="Mouromiens">Mouromiens</a> †</li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/Samis" title="Samis">Samis</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style="text-align:left;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A1mis_d%27Aakkala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sámis d'Aakkala (page inexistante)">Sámis d'Aakkala</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A1mis_d%27Inari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sámis d'Inari (page inexistante)">Sámis d'Inari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Same_de_Kildin" title="Same de Kildin">Same de Kildin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Same_d%27Ume" title="Same d'Ume">Same d'Ume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skolts" title="Skolts">Skolts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Same_de_Ter" title="Same de Ter">Same de Ter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Same_du_Sud" title="Same du Sud">Same du Sud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Same_de_Pite" title="Same de Pite">Same de Pite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Same_du_Nord" title="Same du Nord">Same du Nord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Same_de_Lule" title="Same de Lule">Same de Lule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samis_de_Kemi" title="Samis de Kemi">Samis de Kemi</a> <i>(groupe éteint)</i></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/Permie" title="Permie">Permiens</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Komis" title="Komis">Komis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oudmourtes" title="Oudmourtes">Oudmourtes</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/Langues_ougriennes" title="Langues ougriennes"> Ougriens</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style="text-align:left;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Magyars" title="Magyars">Magyars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cs%C3%A1ng%C3%B3s" title="Csángós">Csángós</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicules_(Transylvanie)" title="Sicules (Transylvanie)">Sicules</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khantys" title="Khantys">Khantys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansis" title="Mansis">Mansis</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/Samoy%C3%A8des" title="Samoyèdes">Samoyèdes</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89n%C3%A8tses" title="Énètses">Énètses</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ko%C3%AFbals&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koïbals (page inexistante)">Koïbals</a> †</li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9n%C3%A8tses" title="Nénètses">Nénètses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nganassanes" title="Nganassanes">Nganassanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamasses" title="Kamasses">Kamasses</a> †</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mators" title="Mators">Mators</a> †</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selkoupes" title="Selkoupes">Selkoupes</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Minorit%C3%A9s" title="Portail des minorités"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/French-speaking_Wikimedia_community_logo.svg/24px-French-speaking_Wikimedia_community_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/French-speaking_Wikimedia_community_logo.svg/36px-French-speaking_Wikimedia_community_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/French-speaking_Wikimedia_community_logo.svg/48px-French-speaking_Wikimedia_community_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="897" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a 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