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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">DSC</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">22 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>DSC</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/DSC">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_70268890" data-work_id="70268890" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/70268890/The_thermodynamic_stability_of_the_proteins_of_the_ccd_plasmid_addiction_system">The thermodynamic stability of the proteins of the ccd plasmid addiction system</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The two opponents, toxin (CcdB, LetB or LetD, protein G, LynB) and antidote (CcdA, LetA, protein H, LynA), in the plasmid addiction system ccd of the F plasmid were studied by different biophysical methods. The thermodynamic stability was... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_70268890" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The two opponents, toxin (CcdB, LetB or LetD, protein G, LynB) and antidote (CcdA, LetA, protein H, LynA), in the plasmid addiction system ccd of the F plasmid were studied by different biophysical methods. The thermodynamic stability was measured at different temperatures combining denaturant and thermally induced unfolding. It was found that both proteins denature in a two-state equilibrium (native dimer versus unfolded monomer) and that CcdA has a signi®cantly lower thermodynamic stability. Using a numerical model, which was developed earlier by us, and on the basis of the determined thermodynamic parameters the concentration dependence of the denaturation transition temperature was obtained for both proteins. This concentration dependence may be of physiological signi®cance, as the concentration of both ccd addiction proteins cannot exceed a certain limit because their expression is controlled by autoregulation. The in¯uence of DNA on the thermal stability of the two proteins was probed. It was found that cognate DNA increases the melting temperature of CcdA. In the presence of non-speci®c DNA the thermal stability was not changed. The melting temperature of CcdB was not in¯uenced by the applied double-stranded oligonucleotides, neither cognate nor unspeci®c.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/70268890" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3731d3cf2e955229ce404e68fdc23190" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":80090215,"asset_id":70268890,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80090215/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32382429" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LWyns">L. Wyns</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32382429" type="text/json">{"id":32382429,"first_name":"L.","last_name":"Wyns","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LWyns","display_name":"L. Wyns","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LWyns?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_70268890 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="70268890"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 70268890, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_70268890", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_70268890 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70268890; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_70268890"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_70268890 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70268890"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70268890; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70268890]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_70268890").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_70268890").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="70268890"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="523" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="523" type="text/json">{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2513" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology">Molecular Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2513" type="text/json">{"id":2513,"name":"Molecular Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3971" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Folding">Protein Folding</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3971" type="text/json">{"id":3971,"name":"Protein Folding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Folding?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7698" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluorescence">Fluorescence</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7698" type="text/json">{"id":7698,"name":"Fluorescence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluorescence?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=70268890]'), work: {"id":70268890,"title":"The thermodynamic stability of the proteins of the ccd plasmid addiction system","created_at":"2022-02-02T05:50:04.837-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/70268890/The_thermodynamic_stability_of_the_proteins_of_the_ccd_plasmid_addiction_system?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_70268890","summary":"The two opponents, toxin (CcdB, LetB or LetD, protein G, LynB) and antidote (CcdA, LetA, protein H, LynA), in the plasmid addiction system ccd of the F plasmid were studied by different biophysical methods. The thermodynamic stability was measured at different temperatures combining denaturant and thermally induced unfolding. It was found that both proteins denature in a two-state equilibrium (native dimer versus unfolded monomer) and that CcdA has a signi®cantly lower thermodynamic stability. Using a numerical model, which was developed earlier by us, and on the basis of the determined thermodynamic parameters the concentration dependence of the denaturation transition temperature was obtained for both proteins. This concentration dependence may be of physiological signi®cance, as the concentration of both ccd addiction proteins cannot exceed a certain limit because their expression is controlled by autoregulation. The in¯uence of DNA on the thermal stability of the two proteins was probed. It was found that cognate DNA increases the melting temperature of CcdA. In the presence of non-speci®c DNA the thermal stability was not changed. The melting temperature of CcdB was not in¯uenced by the applied double-stranded oligonucleotides, neither cognate nor unspeci®c.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80090215,"asset_id":70268890,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32382429,"first_name":"L.","last_name":"Wyns","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LWyns","display_name":"L. Wyns","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LWyns?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":2513,"name":"Molecular Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":3971,"name":"Protein Folding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Folding?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":7698,"name":"Fluorescence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluorescence?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=139262"},{"id":48057,"name":"DNA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA?f_ri=139262"},{"id":76407,"name":"Circular Dichroism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Circular_Dichroism?f_ri=139262"},{"id":81067,"name":"Bacterial Toxins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bacterial_Toxins?f_ri=139262"},{"id":82563,"name":"Tea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tea?f_ri=139262"},{"id":83128,"name":"Escherichia coli","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Escherichia_coli?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":190363,"name":"Plasmids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plasmids?f_ri=139262"},{"id":216526,"name":"Free Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Free_Energy?f_ri=139262"},{"id":432129,"name":"Substrate Specificity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Substrate_Specificity?f_ri=139262"},{"id":501806,"name":"Protein Expression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Expression?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1186480,"name":"M","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/M?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1186541,"name":"Protein Denaturation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Denaturation?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1186610,"name":"DNA binding proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_binding_proteins?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1809037,"name":"Dimerization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dimerization?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_69672996" data-work_id="69672996" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/69672996/Development_of_biodegradable_films_based_on_blue_corn_flour_with_potential_applications_in_food_packaging_Effects_of_plasticizers_on_mechanical_thermal_and_microstructural_properties_of_flour_films">Development of biodegradable films based on blue corn flour with potential applications in food packaging. Effects of plasticizers on mechanical, thermal, and microstructural properties of flour films</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In the present study, blue corn flour films were developed. The cereal grain's total composition (excluding the pericarp) is used to obtain the films. The plasticizing effects of two different polyols such as glycerol and sorbitol on the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_69672996" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In the present study, blue corn flour films were developed. The cereal grain's total composition (excluding the pericarp) is used to obtain the films. The plasticizing effects of two different polyols such as glycerol and sorbitol on the mechanical, thermal, and microstructural properties of flour films were researched. The results showed that films plasticized with sorbitol had better mechanical properties and less affinity for water than those plasticized with glycerol. The sorbitol-plasticized films were more rigid and did not lose their integrity when immersed in water. The ATR-FTIR spectra of blue corn flour plasticizer with sorbitol showed the presence of the additional band at 1745 cm À1 characteristic of the vibrational carbonyl peak, which confirms the chemical linkages between sorbitol and a polymeric matrix. The effect of the plasticizer on the glass transition temperature (T g) was characterized using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). T g decreased as the plasticizer content increased. Plasticized glycerol films showed lower T g values than those with sorbitol. SEM observations showed that it was necessary to add plasticizer to maintain film integrity. The sorbitol-plasticized flour films revealed better adhesion between phases, and these films showed a compact structure.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/69672996" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0e5cab3080b27613133750558352babc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":79677739,"asset_id":69672996,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79677739/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="101286533" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AndreaValderrama22">Andrea Valderrama</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="101286533" type="text/json">{"id":101286533,"first_name":"Andrea","last_name":"Valderrama","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AndreaValderrama22","display_name":"Andrea Valderrama","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AndreaValderrama22?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/101286533/41965114/33829434/s65_andrea.valderrama.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_69672996 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="69672996"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 69672996, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_69672996", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_69672996 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 69672996; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_69672996"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_69672996 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="69672996"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 69672996; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=69672996]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_69672996").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_69672996").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="69672996"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="511" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science">Materials Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="511" type="text/json">{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2161" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructure">Microstructure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2161" type="text/json">{"id":2161,"name":"Microstructure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructure?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=69672996]'), work: {"id":69672996,"title":"Development of biodegradable films based on blue corn flour with potential applications in food packaging. Effects of plasticizers on mechanical, thermal, and microstructural properties of flour films","created_at":"2022-01-27T12:08:56.900-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/69672996/Development_of_biodegradable_films_based_on_blue_corn_flour_with_potential_applications_in_food_packaging_Effects_of_plasticizers_on_mechanical_thermal_and_microstructural_properties_of_flour_films?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_69672996","summary":"In the present study, blue corn flour films were developed. The cereal grain's total composition (excluding the pericarp) is used to obtain the films. The plasticizing effects of two different polyols such as glycerol and sorbitol on the mechanical, thermal, and microstructural properties of flour films were researched. The results showed that films plasticized with sorbitol had better mechanical properties and less affinity for water than those plasticized with glycerol. The sorbitol-plasticized films were more rigid and did not lose their integrity when immersed in water. The ATR-FTIR spectra of blue corn flour plasticizer with sorbitol showed the presence of the additional band at 1745 cm À1 characteristic of the vibrational carbonyl peak, which confirms the chemical linkages between sorbitol and a polymeric matrix. The effect of the plasticizer on the glass transition temperature (T g) was characterized using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). T g decreased as the plasticizer content increased. Plasticized glycerol films showed lower T g values than those with sorbitol. SEM observations showed that it was necessary to add plasticizer to maintain film integrity. The sorbitol-plasticized flour films revealed better adhesion between phases, and these films showed a compact structure.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":79677739,"asset_id":69672996,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":101286533,"first_name":"Andrea","last_name":"Valderrama","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AndreaValderrama22","display_name":"Andrea Valderrama","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AndreaValderrama22?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/101286533/41965114/33829434/s65_andrea.valderrama.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":2161,"name":"Microstructure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructure?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":53201,"name":"SEM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SEM?f_ri=139262"},{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262"},{"id":95368,"name":"RH","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/RH?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1160031,"name":"ATR-FTIR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ATR-FTIR?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1324013,"name":"Cereal Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cereal_Science?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7727446" data-work_id="7727446" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7727446/Thermal_and_electrical_characterization_of_R_phase_dependence_on_heat_treat_temperature_in_Nitinol">Thermal and electrical characterization of R-phase dependence on heat-treat temperature in Nitinol</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The variation of transformation temperatures with heat treatment has been studied for the near equiatomic, 40% prior cold worked Nitinol by the DSC measurements. The austenitic and martensitic start and finish temperatures are found to be... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7727446" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The variation of transformation temperatures with heat treatment has been studied for the near equiatomic, 40% prior cold worked Nitinol by the DSC measurements. The austenitic and martensitic start and finish temperatures are found to be almost independent of heat-treat temperature in the range 525-680°C. Intermediate R phase is found to be stable only in the range 340-410°C. The Electrical resistivity probe is found to be better than the DSC probe in the study of hysteresis associated with R-phase transformation. Large and sharp changes in electrical resistivity in R A transformation is expected to be useful in applications.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7727446" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4aaf6078c02f42a43eca7b45bdad5651" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48359373,"asset_id":7727446,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48359373/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="14153559" href="https://mangaloreuniversity.academia.edu/KarimbiKMahesh">Karimbi K. Mahesh</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="14153559" type="text/json">{"id":14153559,"first_name":"Karimbi K.","last_name":"Mahesh","domain_name":"mangaloreuniversity","page_name":"KarimbiKMahesh","display_name":"Karimbi K. Mahesh","profile_url":"https://mangaloreuniversity.academia.edu/KarimbiKMahesh?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7727446 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7727446"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7727446, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7727446", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_7727446 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7727446; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_7727446"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_7727446 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7727446"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7727446; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7727446]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7727446").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7727446").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7727446"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="505" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Condensed_Matter_Physics">Condensed Matter Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="505" type="text/json">{"id":505,"name":"Condensed Matter Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Condensed_Matter_Physics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="518" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Physics">Quantum Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="518" type="text/json">{"id":518,"name":"Quantum Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Physics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14925" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Treatment">Heat Treatment</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14925" type="text/json">{"id":14925,"name":"Heat Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Treatment?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="43005" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hysteresis">Hysteresis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="43005" type="text/json">{"id":43005,"name":"Hysteresis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hysteresis?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7727446]'), work: {"id":7727446,"title":"Thermal and electrical characterization of R-phase dependence on heat-treat temperature in Nitinol","created_at":"2014-07-20T19:05:56.112-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7727446/Thermal_and_electrical_characterization_of_R_phase_dependence_on_heat_treat_temperature_in_Nitinol?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_7727446","summary":"The variation of transformation temperatures with heat treatment has been studied for the near equiatomic, 40% prior cold worked Nitinol by the DSC measurements. The austenitic and martensitic start and finish temperatures are found to be almost independent of heat-treat temperature in the range 525-680°C. Intermediate R phase is found to be stable only in the range 340-410°C. The Electrical resistivity probe is found to be better than the DSC probe in the study of hysteresis associated with R-phase transformation. Large and sharp changes in electrical resistivity in R A transformation is expected to be useful in applications.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48359373,"asset_id":7727446,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":14153559,"first_name":"Karimbi K.","last_name":"Mahesh","domain_name":"mangaloreuniversity","page_name":"KarimbiKMahesh","display_name":"Karimbi K. Mahesh","profile_url":"https://mangaloreuniversity.academia.edu/KarimbiKMahesh?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":505,"name":"Condensed Matter Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Condensed_Matter_Physics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":518,"name":"Quantum Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Physics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":14925,"name":"Heat Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Treatment?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":43005,"name":"Hysteresis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hysteresis?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":149116,"name":"Electrical Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_Resistance?f_ri=139262"},{"id":193501,"name":"Shape Memory Alloy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shape_Memory_Alloy?f_ri=139262"},{"id":308420,"name":"Phase Transformation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phase_Transformation?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12897752 coauthored" data-work_id="12897752" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12897752/On_the_anionic_homo_and_copolymerization_of_ethyl_and_butyl_2_cyanoacrylates">On the anionic homo‐ and copolymerization of ethyl‐ and butyl‐2‐cyanoacrylates</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Ethyl-(ECA) and butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (BCA) monomers of high purity and acidic stabilization were synthesized and anionically polymerized to homo-and copolymers in two different ways: by piperidine-catalyzed bulk polymerization leading to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12897752" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Ethyl-(ECA) and butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (BCA) monomers of high purity and acidic stabilization were synthesized and anionically polymerized to homo-and copolymers in two different ways: by piperidine-catalyzed bulk polymerization leading to transparent, brittle films (method A) and by polymerization in aqueous medium in the presence of sodium bicarbonate to obtain white powders (Method B). The molecular structure of the synthesized monomers, homopolymers and copolymers were corroborated by spectral methods. The polymers were studied further by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR). Controlling the composition of the monomer feed and the way the polymerization was performed, it was possible to obtain phase separated or homogeneous cyanoacrylate copolymers with glass transitions varying between the T g of polyECA and that of polyBCA. V V C 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 5142-5156, 2008</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12897752" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8cf47863d918839e0c56412871d2f552" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45860330,"asset_id":12897752,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45860330/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32054060" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AlbenaLederer">Albena Lederer</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32054060" type="text/json">{"id":32054060,"first_name":"Albena","last_name":"Lederer","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AlbenaLederer","display_name":"Albena Lederer","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AlbenaLederer?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-12897752">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-12897752"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://uminho.academia.edu/ZlatanDenchev">Zlatan Denchev</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-12897752'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-12897752').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12897752 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12897752"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12897752, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12897752", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_12897752 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12897752; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_12897752"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_12897752 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="12897752"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12897752; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12897752]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12897752").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12897752").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12897752"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139262" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC">DSC</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139262" type="text/json">{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="335946" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sec">Sec</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="335946" type="text/json">{"id":335946,"name":"Sec","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sec?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1246569" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anionic_Polymerization">Anionic Polymerization</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1246569" type="text/json">{"id":1246569,"name":"Anionic Polymerization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anionic_Polymerization?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12897752]'), work: {"id":12897752,"title":"On the anionic homo‐ and copolymerization of ethyl‐ and butyl‐2‐cyanoacrylates","created_at":"2015-06-10T01:40:50.199-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12897752/On_the_anionic_homo_and_copolymerization_of_ethyl_and_butyl_2_cyanoacrylates?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_12897752","summary":"Ethyl-(ECA) and butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (BCA) monomers of high purity and acidic stabilization were synthesized and anionically polymerized to homo-and copolymers in two different ways: by piperidine-catalyzed bulk polymerization leading to transparent, brittle films (method A) and by polymerization in aqueous medium in the presence of sodium bicarbonate to obtain white powders (Method B). The molecular structure of the synthesized monomers, homopolymers and copolymers were corroborated by spectral methods. The polymers were studied further by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR). Controlling the composition of the monomer feed and the way the polymerization was performed, it was possible to obtain phase separated or homogeneous cyanoacrylate copolymers with glass transitions varying between the T g of polyECA and that of polyBCA. V V C 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 5142-5156, 2008","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45860330,"asset_id":12897752,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32054060,"first_name":"Albena","last_name":"Lederer","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AlbenaLederer","display_name":"Albena Lederer","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AlbenaLederer?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":49088890,"first_name":"Zlatan","last_name":"Denchev","domain_name":"uminho","page_name":"ZlatanDenchev","display_name":"Zlatan Denchev","profile_url":"https://uminho.academia.edu/ZlatanDenchev?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":335946,"name":"Sec","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sec?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":1246569,"name":"Anionic Polymerization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anionic_Polymerization?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":1295918,"name":"Copolymerization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Copolymerization?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1529770,"name":"Proton Nmr","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proton_Nmr?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_72055024" data-work_id="72055024" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/72055024/Thermal_denaturation_and_gelation_of_rubisco_effects_of_pH_and_ions">Thermal denaturation and gelation of rubisco: effects of pH and ions</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In order to understand the mechanism of thermal gelation of rubisco, its native and heat denatured states were characterized by absorbance, fluorescence and circular dichro'/sm spectroscopies as well as by differential scanning... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_72055024" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In order to understand the mechanism of thermal gelation of rubisco, its native and heat denatured states were characterized by absorbance, fluorescence and circular dichro'/sm spectroscopies as well as by differential scanning calorimetry in the presence of various salts. It appears that during the denaturation process, divalent anions are released while divalent cations are fixed by the protein, while it is disorganized and while the environment of its aromatic chromophores becomes more hydrophilic. The pH transition of gelation is shifted 1-2 pH units higher than the transition of denaturation temperature which occurs near the isoelectric point of the native molecule. This shift probably corresponds to the breaking of saline bridges within the protein molecule. Finally, a large effect of divalent cations on the phase diagram indicates that a particular denatured state is attained when these cations are in the denaturation medium.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/72055024" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bef2b89d18a983989610c02209f4370c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81140156,"asset_id":72055024,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81140156/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="35668542" href="https://independent.academia.edu/VAgui%C3%A9b%C3%A9ghin">V. Aguié-béghin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="35668542" type="text/json">{"id":35668542,"first_name":"V.","last_name":"Aguié-béghin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"VAguiébéghin","display_name":"V. Aguié-béghin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/VAgui%C3%A9b%C3%A9ghin?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_72055024 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="72055024"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 72055024, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_72055024", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_72055024 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 72055024; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_72055024"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_72055024 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="72055024"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 72055024; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=72055024]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_72055024").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_72055024").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="72055024"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="78753" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry">Differential scanning calorimetry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="78753" type="text/json">{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="83843" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/RuBisCO">RuBisCO</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="83843" type="text/json">{"id":83843,"name":"RuBisCO","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/RuBisCO?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139262" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC">DSC</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139262" type="text/json">{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="995573" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Macromolecules">Biological Macromolecules</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="995573" type="text/json">{"id":995573,"name":"Biological Macromolecules","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Macromolecules?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=72055024]'), work: {"id":72055024,"title":"Thermal denaturation and gelation of rubisco: effects of pH and ions","created_at":"2022-02-20T23:43:24.160-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/72055024/Thermal_denaturation_and_gelation_of_rubisco_effects_of_pH_and_ions?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_72055024","summary":"In order to understand the mechanism of thermal gelation of rubisco, its native and heat denatured states were characterized by absorbance, fluorescence and circular dichro'/sm spectroscopies as well as by differential scanning calorimetry in the presence of various salts. It appears that during the denaturation process, divalent anions are released while divalent cations are fixed by the protein, while it is disorganized and while the environment of its aromatic chromophores becomes more hydrophilic. The pH transition of gelation is shifted 1-2 pH units higher than the transition of denaturation temperature which occurs near the isoelectric point of the native molecule. This shift probably corresponds to the breaking of saline bridges within the protein molecule. Finally, a large effect of divalent cations on the phase diagram indicates that a particular denatured state is attained when these cations are in the denaturation medium.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81140156,"asset_id":72055024,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":35668542,"first_name":"V.","last_name":"Aguié-béghin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"VAguiébéghin","display_name":"V. Aguié-béghin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/VAgui%C3%A9b%C3%A9ghin?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":83843,"name":"RuBisCO","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/RuBisCO?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":995573,"name":"Biological Macromolecules","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Macromolecules?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_47531948" data-work_id="47531948" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/47531948/Rate_equations_in_the_study_of_the_DSC_kinetics_of_epoxy_amine_reactions_in_an_excess_of_epoxy">Rate equations in the study of the DSC kinetics of epoxy-amine reactions in an excess of epoxy</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">We show in this work that the heat flow signal as acquired applying DSC to systems in an excess of epoxy must be proportional to the rate of consumption of the excess component but not to the rate of reaction.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" 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InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="128929562" href="https://bas.academia.edu/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B2">Rumen Krastev</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="128929562" type="text/json">{"id":128929562,"first_name":"Rumen","last_name":"Krastev","domain_name":"bas","page_name":"РуменКръстев","display_name":"Rumen Krastev","profile_url":"https://bas.academia.edu/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B2?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/128929562/33401396/29779528/s65__._.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_47531948 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="47531948"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong 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data-work-id="47531948"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 47531948; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=47531948]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_47531948").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_47531948").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="47531948"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="524" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry">Analytical Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="524" type="text/json">{"id":524,"name":"Analytical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4987" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics">Kinetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4987" type="text/json">{"id":4987,"name":"Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="65140" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Models">Models</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="65140" type="text/json">{"id":65140,"name":"Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Models?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="78753" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry">Differential scanning calorimetry</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="78753" type="text/json">{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=47531948]'), work: {"id":47531948,"title":"Rate equations in the study of the DSC kinetics of epoxy-amine reactions in an excess of epoxy","created_at":"2021-04-22T22:03:19.386-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/47531948/Rate_equations_in_the_study_of_the_DSC_kinetics_of_epoxy_amine_reactions_in_an_excess_of_epoxy?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_47531948","summary":"We show in this work that the heat flow signal as acquired applying DSC to systems in an excess of epoxy must be proportional to the rate of consumption of the excess component but not to the rate of reaction.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66576194,"asset_id":47531948,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":128929562,"first_name":"Rumen","last_name":"Krastev","domain_name":"bas","page_name":"РуменКръстев","display_name":"Rumen Krastev","profile_url":"https://bas.academia.edu/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B2?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/128929562/33401396/29779528/s65__._.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":524,"name":"Analytical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":4987,"name":"Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":65140,"name":"Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Models?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":317239,"name":"Thermal Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Analysis?f_ri=139262"},{"id":386998,"name":"Heat Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Flow?f_ri=139262"},{"id":632908,"name":"Epoxy Resin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epoxy_Resin?f_ri=139262"},{"id":778709,"name":"Reaction Rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reaction_Rate?f_ri=139262"},{"id":892890,"name":"Point of View","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Point_of_View?f_ri=139262"},{"id":976404,"name":"Reaction Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reaction_Kinetics?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1120502,"name":"Experimental Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Data?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1707373,"name":"Mass Balance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mass_Balance?f_ri=139262"},{"id":2277205,"name":"Linear Transformation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linear_Transformation?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31024081" data-work_id="31024081" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31024081/Metal_sorption_and_swelling_characters_of_acrylic_acid_and_sodium_alginate_based_hydrogels_synthesized_by_gamma_irradiation">Metal sorption and swelling characters of acrylic acid and sodium alginate based hydrogels synthesized by gamma irradiation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Hydrophilic hydrogels based on poly(acrylic acid) as synthetic polymer and sodium alginates as natural polymer (AG) were prepared by gamma irradiation. The AAc/AG hydrogels were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_31024081" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Hydrophilic hydrogels based on poly(acrylic acid) as synthetic polymer and sodium alginates as natural polymer (AG) were prepared by gamma irradiation. The AAc/AG hydrogels were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The effect of temperature and pH on the degree of swelling in water was studied. In addition, the metal sorption affinity of the prepared hydrogels for Cu +2 , Co +2 and Ni +2 was investigated. The XRD spectroscopic analysis indicates the formation of interpenetrating polymer networks. The TGA study showed that the hydrogels based on AAc/AG hydrogels at different ratios displayed lower thermal stability than PAAc hydrogel. The kinetic study of swelling in water showed that PAAc and AAc/AG hydrogels reached the equilibrium swelling state after five hours. However, AAc/AG hydrogels showed degree of swelling in water greater than PAAc hydrogel. The degree of swelling of AAc/AG hydrogels was affected by temperature, it increases within the temperature range 25-40°C and displayed pH sensitivity within the range 5.5-9 depending on composition. The metal sorption study showed that PAAc hydrogel possessed higher affinity for Cu +2 ions than AAc/AG hydrogels, whereas AAc/AG hydrogels showed higher affinity for Co +2 and Ni +2 ions than PAAc hydrogel.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31024081" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="835175f3a8d957b74b27d97c93c1bccc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51458272,"asset_id":31024081,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51458272/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8953812" href="https://independent.academia.edu/manaltaleb">Prof. manal F Abou Taleb</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8953812" type="text/json">{"id":8953812,"first_name":"Prof. manal","last_name":"Abou Taleb","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"manaltaleb","display_name":"Prof. manal F Abou Taleb","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/manaltaleb?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_31024081 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="31024081"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31024081, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_31024081", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31024081]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_31024081").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_31024081").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="31024081"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="407" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geochemistry">Geochemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="407" type="text/json">{"id":407,"name":"Geochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geochemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4987" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics">Kinetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4987" type="text/json">{"id":4987,"name":"Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139262" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC">DSC</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139262" type="text/json">{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="186080" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD">XRD</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="186080" type="text/json">{"id":186080,"name":"XRD","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=31024081]'), work: {"id":31024081,"title":"Metal sorption and swelling characters of acrylic acid and sodium alginate based hydrogels synthesized by gamma irradiation","created_at":"2017-01-21T08:51:34.994-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/31024081/Metal_sorption_and_swelling_characters_of_acrylic_acid_and_sodium_alginate_based_hydrogels_synthesized_by_gamma_irradiation?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_31024081","summary":"Hydrophilic hydrogels based on poly(acrylic acid) as synthetic polymer and sodium alginates as natural polymer (AG) were prepared by gamma irradiation. The AAc/AG hydrogels were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The effect of temperature and pH on the degree of swelling in water was studied. In addition, the metal sorption affinity of the prepared hydrogels for Cu +2 , Co +2 and Ni +2 was investigated. The XRD spectroscopic analysis indicates the formation of interpenetrating polymer networks. The TGA study showed that the hydrogels based on AAc/AG hydrogels at different ratios displayed lower thermal stability than PAAc hydrogel. The kinetic study of swelling in water showed that PAAc and AAc/AG hydrogels reached the equilibrium swelling state after five hours. However, AAc/AG hydrogels showed degree of swelling in water greater than PAAc hydrogel. The degree of swelling of AAc/AG hydrogels was affected by temperature, it increases within the temperature range 25-40°C and displayed pH sensitivity within the range 5.5-9 depending on composition. The metal sorption study showed that PAAc hydrogel possessed higher affinity for Cu +2 ions than AAc/AG hydrogels, whereas AAc/AG hydrogels showed higher affinity for Co +2 and Ni +2 ions than PAAc hydrogel.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51458272,"asset_id":31024081,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8953812,"first_name":"Prof. manal","last_name":"Abou Taleb","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"manaltaleb","display_name":"Prof. manal F Abou Taleb","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/manaltaleb?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":407,"name":"Geochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geochemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":4987,"name":"Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":186080,"name":"XRD","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":195204,"name":"TGA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/TGA?f_ri=139262"},{"id":386527,"name":"X ray diffraction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X_ray_diffraction?f_ri=139262"},{"id":389180,"name":"Thermal Stability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Stability?f_ri=139262"},{"id":398652,"name":"Thermogravimetric Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermogravimetric_Analysis?f_ri=139262"},{"id":554780,"name":"Interdisciplinary Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interdisciplinary_Engineering?f_ri=139262"},{"id":910218,"name":"Acrylic Acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acrylic_Acid?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1221610,"name":"Gamma Irradiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gamma_Irradiation?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1303345,"name":"Poly Acrylic Acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poly_Acrylic_Acid?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1561127,"name":"Interpenetrating Polymer Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interpenetrating_Polymer_Network?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1574260,"name":"Sodium Alginate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sodium_Alginate?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10917838" data-work_id="10917838" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10917838/Structural_relaxation_in_glasses_numerical_exploration_of_variables_of_Narayanaswamy_and_Moynihans_model">Structural relaxation in glasses: numerical exploration of variables of Narayanaswamy and Moynihan's model</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The accurate description of the relaxation phenomenon near the glass transition temperature allows a better interpretation of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves, since it can be separated from other thermal effects such as... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10917838" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The accurate description of the relaxation phenomenon near the glass transition temperature allows a better interpretation of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves, since it can be separated from other thermal effects such as crystallization, melting, and recrystallization. The structural relaxation model of Narayanaswamy and Moynihan for thermorheological simple glasses was numerically explored for obtaining a grasp of the functional influence of the different parameters: i.e. relaxation enthalpy Δh, non-linear parameter x, amplitude exponential distribution parameter b, and pre-exponential parameter A.It is known that when the relationship between the velocity of heat transfer in the cooling run (qc) and the velocity of heating in the heating run (qh) is equal to unity, the curves obtained in a DSC suffer only an horizontal translation for different absolute values of cooling and heating rates. It was found in this work that this criterion can be generalized, and curves also overlap by means of a horizontal translation when qc/qh is a constant different from one, whichever the particular values of qc or qh will be.Finally, changes in the shape of the curves when using different values of qh and qc with a fixed qc/qh relationship can be used as an indicator of the occurrence of other phenomena (i.e. recrystallization, melting, etc.) in addition to structural relaxation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10917838" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e1f24363aed3a2ac4582d3150bd362c4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47026978,"asset_id":10917838,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47026978/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26484113" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AndreaNieto3">Andrea Nieto</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26484113" type="text/json">{"id":26484113,"first_name":"Andrea","last_name":"Nieto","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AndreaNieto3","display_name":"Andrea Nieto","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AndreaNieto3?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10917838 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10917838"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10917838, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10917838", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10917838]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10917838").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10917838").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10917838"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4468" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Engineering">Food Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4468" type="text/json">{"id":4468,"name":"Food Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8067" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer">Heat Transfer</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8067" type="text/json">{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14925" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Treatment">Heat Treatment</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14925" type="text/json">{"id":14925,"name":"Heat Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Treatment?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="78753" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry">Differential scanning calorimetry</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="78753" type="text/json">{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10917838]'), work: {"id":10917838,"title":"Structural relaxation in glasses: numerical exploration of variables of Narayanaswamy and Moynihan's model","created_at":"2015-02-18T21:26:30.111-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10917838/Structural_relaxation_in_glasses_numerical_exploration_of_variables_of_Narayanaswamy_and_Moynihans_model?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_10917838","summary":"The accurate description of the relaxation phenomenon near the glass transition temperature allows a better interpretation of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves, since it can be separated from other thermal effects such as crystallization, melting, and recrystallization. The structural relaxation model of Narayanaswamy and Moynihan for thermorheological simple glasses was numerically explored for obtaining a grasp of the functional influence of the different parameters: i.e. relaxation enthalpy Δh, non-linear parameter x, amplitude exponential distribution parameter b, and pre-exponential parameter A.It is known that when the relationship between the velocity of heat transfer in the cooling run (qc) and the velocity of heating in the heating run (qh) is equal to unity, the curves obtained in a DSC suffer only an horizontal translation for different absolute values of cooling and heating rates. It was found in this work that this criterion can be generalized, and curves also overlap by means of a horizontal translation when qc/qh is a constant different from one, whichever the particular values of qc or qh will be.Finally, changes in the shape of the curves when using different values of qh and qc with a fixed qc/qh relationship can be used as an indicator of the occurrence of other phenomena (i.e. recrystallization, melting, etc.) in addition to structural relaxation.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47026978,"asset_id":10917838,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26484113,"first_name":"Andrea","last_name":"Nieto","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AndreaNieto3","display_name":"Andrea Nieto","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AndreaNieto3?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4468,"name":"Food Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":14925,"name":"Heat Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Treatment?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":116059,"name":"Relaxation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Relaxation?f_ri=139262"},{"id":133177,"name":"Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":282351,"name":"Glass Transition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glass_Transition?f_ri=139262"},{"id":335228,"name":"Glass Transition Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glass_Transition_Temperature?f_ri=139262"},{"id":543432,"name":"Exponential distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exponential_distribution?f_ri=139262"},{"id":573653,"name":"Food Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Sciences?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1263744,"name":"Thermal Effects","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Effects?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_78416292" data-work_id="78416292" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/78416292/Thermodynamic_study_of_binary_system_Propafenone_Hydrocloride_with_Metoprolol_Tartrate_Solid_liquid_equilibrium_and_compatibility_with_%CE%B1_lactose_monohydrate_and_corn_starch">Thermodynamic study of binary system Propafenone Hydrocloride with Metoprolol Tartrate: Solid–liquid equilibrium and compatibility with α-lactose monohydrate and corn starch</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Solid-liquid equilibrium (SLE) for binary mixture of Propafenone Hydrocloride (PP) with Metoprolol Tartrate (MT) was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and corresponding activity coefficients were calculated.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_78416292" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Solid-liquid equilibrium (SLE) for binary mixture of Propafenone Hydrocloride (PP) with Metoprolol Tartrate (MT) was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and corresponding activity coefficients were calculated. Simple eutectic behavior for this system was observed. The excess thermodynamic functions: G(E) and S(E) for the pre-, post-, and eutectic composition have been obtained using the computed activity coefficients data of the eutectic phase with their excess chemical potentials μi(E) (i=1, 2). The experimental solid-liquid phase temperatures were compared with predictions obtained from available eutectic equilibrium models. The results indicate non-ideality in this mixture. Also, the compatibility of each component and their eutectic mixture with usual excipients was investigated, and the DSC experiments indicate possible weak interactions with α-lactose monohydrate and compatibility with corn starch. The results obtained were confirmed by FT-IR measurements.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/78416292" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="59086056" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ElenaPincu">Elena Pincu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="59086056" type="text/json">{"id":59086056,"first_name":"Elena","last_name":"Pincu","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ElenaPincu","display_name":"Elena Pincu","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ElenaPincu?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_78416292 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="78416292"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 78416292, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_78416292", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_78416292 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 78416292; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_78416292"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_78416292 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="78416292"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 78416292; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=78416292]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_78416292").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_78416292").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="78416292"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="522" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermodynamics">Thermodynamics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="522" type="text/json">{"id":522,"name":"Thermodynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermodynamics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="523" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="523" type="text/json">{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16062" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Starch">Starch</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16062" type="text/json">{"id":16062,"name":"Starch","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Starch?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23628" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermochemistry">Thermochemistry</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="23628" type="text/json">{"id":23628,"name":"Thermochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermochemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=78416292]'), work: {"id":78416292,"title":"Thermodynamic study of binary system Propafenone Hydrocloride with Metoprolol Tartrate: Solid–liquid equilibrium and compatibility with α-lactose monohydrate and corn starch","created_at":"2022-05-04T04:34:59.679-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/78416292/Thermodynamic_study_of_binary_system_Propafenone_Hydrocloride_with_Metoprolol_Tartrate_Solid_liquid_equilibrium_and_compatibility_with_%CE%B1_lactose_monohydrate_and_corn_starch?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_78416292","summary":"Solid-liquid equilibrium (SLE) for binary mixture of Propafenone Hydrocloride (PP) with Metoprolol Tartrate (MT) was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and corresponding activity coefficients were calculated. Simple eutectic behavior for this system was observed. The excess thermodynamic functions: G(E) and S(E) for the pre-, post-, and eutectic composition have been obtained using the computed activity coefficients data of the eutectic phase with their excess chemical potentials μi(E) (i=1, 2). The experimental solid-liquid phase temperatures were compared with predictions obtained from available eutectic equilibrium models. The results indicate non-ideality in this mixture. Also, the compatibility of each component and their eutectic mixture with usual excipients was investigated, and the DSC experiments indicate possible weak interactions with α-lactose monohydrate and compatibility with corn starch. The results obtained were confirmed by FT-IR measurements.","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":59086056,"first_name":"Elena","last_name":"Pincu","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ElenaPincu","display_name":"Elena Pincu","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ElenaPincu?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":522,"name":"Thermodynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermodynamics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":16062,"name":"Starch","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Starch?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":23628,"name":"Thermochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermochemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=139262"},{"id":41745,"name":"Pharmaceutics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmaceutics?f_ri=139262"},{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262"},{"id":133177,"name":"Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":173963,"name":"Phase transition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phase_transition?f_ri=139262"},{"id":370863,"name":"Zea mays","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zea_mays?f_ri=139262"},{"id":398650,"name":"Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fourier_transform_infrared_spectroscopy?f_ri=139262"},{"id":781097,"name":"Lactose","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lactose?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1135766,"name":"Excipients","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Excipients?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1135812,"name":"Drug Compounding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Compounding?f_ri=139262"},{"id":2037336,"name":"Phase Equilibrium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phase_Equilibrium?f_ri=139262"},{"id":2556456,"name":"Metoprolol","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metoprolol?f_ri=139262"},{"id":3789884,"name":"Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacology_and_pharmaceutical_sciences?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_74944640" data-work_id="74944640" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74944640/Lipospheres_and_pro_nano_lipospheres_for_delivery_of_poorly_water_soluble_compounds">Lipospheres and pro-nano lipospheres for delivery of poorly water soluble compounds</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Lipospheres are a drug encapsulation system composed of water dispersible solid microparticles of particle size between 0.01 and 100 m in diameter with a solid hydrophobic lipid core stabilized by a layer of phospholipid molecules... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_74944640" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Lipospheres are a drug encapsulation system composed of water dispersible solid microparticles of particle size between 0.01 and 100 m in diameter with a solid hydrophobic lipid core stabilized by a layer of phospholipid molecules embedded in their surface. The bioactive compound is dissolved or dispersed in the solid lipid matrix of the internal core. Since lipospheres were introduced in the beginning of the 1990s, they have been used for the delivery of multiple types of drugs by various routes of administration. Later, a self-assembling pro-nano lipospheres (PNL) encapsulation system was developed for oral drug delivery. Lipospheres have several advantages over other delivery systems, such as better physical stability, low cost of ingredients, ease of preparation and scale-up, high dispersibility in an aqueous medium, high entrapment of hydrophobic drugs, controlled particle size, and extended release of entrapped drug after administration, from a few hours to several days. This review article focuses on updated information on several aspects of lipospheres and PNL, including preparation techniques, physicochemical properties and in vitro evaluation methods. Additionally, it covers lipospheres and PNL utilization for oral, ocular, and parenteral delivery, with special attention to unique considerations and aspects for each route of administration.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/74944640" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5a7796b0c082dc774681e2726d4da498" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":82914062,"asset_id":74944640,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82914062/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32888721" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AmnonHizi">Amnon Hoffman</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32888721" type="text/json">{"id":32888721,"first_name":"Amnon","last_name":"Hoffman","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AmnonHizi","display_name":"Amnon Hoffman","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AmnonHizi?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_74944640 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="74944640"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74944640, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_74944640", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_74944640 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74944640; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_74944640"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_74944640 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74944640"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74944640; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74944640]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_74944640").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_74944640").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="74944640"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="523" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="523" type="text/json">{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26327" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine">Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26327" type="text/json">{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="53201" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SEM">SEM</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="53201" type="text/json">{"id":53201,"name":"SEM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SEM?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="75498" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/AFM">AFM</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="75498" type="text/json">{"id":75498,"name":"AFM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/AFM?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=74944640]'), work: {"id":74944640,"title":"Lipospheres and pro-nano lipospheres for delivery of poorly water soluble compounds","created_at":"2022-03-30T00:21:33.344-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/74944640/Lipospheres_and_pro_nano_lipospheres_for_delivery_of_poorly_water_soluble_compounds?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_74944640","summary":"Lipospheres are a drug encapsulation system composed of water dispersible solid microparticles of particle size between 0.01 and 100 m in diameter with a solid hydrophobic lipid core stabilized by a layer of phospholipid molecules embedded in their surface. The bioactive compound is dissolved or dispersed in the solid lipid matrix of the internal core. Since lipospheres were introduced in the beginning of the 1990s, they have been used for the delivery of multiple types of drugs by various routes of administration. Later, a self-assembling pro-nano lipospheres (PNL) encapsulation system was developed for oral drug delivery. Lipospheres have several advantages over other delivery systems, such as better physical stability, low cost of ingredients, ease of preparation and scale-up, high dispersibility in an aqueous medium, high entrapment of hydrophobic drugs, controlled particle size, and extended release of entrapped drug after administration, from a few hours to several days. This review article focuses on updated information on several aspects of lipospheres and PNL, including preparation techniques, physicochemical properties and in vitro evaluation methods. Additionally, it covers lipospheres and PNL utilization for oral, ocular, and parenteral delivery, with special attention to unique considerations and aspects for each route of administration.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82914062,"asset_id":74944640,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32888721,"first_name":"Amnon","last_name":"Hoffman","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AmnonHizi","display_name":"Amnon Hoffman","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AmnonHizi?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":53201,"name":"SEM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SEM?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":75498,"name":"AFM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/AFM?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":114941,"name":"Nmr","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nmr?f_ri=139262"},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":147066,"name":"Liposomes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liposomes?f_ri=139262"},{"id":159187,"name":"Drug Delivery Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Delivery_Systems?f_ri=139262"},{"id":205584,"name":"Solubility","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Solubility?f_ri=139262"},{"id":207388,"name":"Gi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gi?f_ri=139262"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=139262"},{"id":373705,"name":"Nanospheres","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanospheres?f_ri=139262"},{"id":393369,"name":"CSA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CSA?f_ri=139262"},{"id":920169,"name":"PCS","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PCS?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1135812,"name":"Drug Compounding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Compounding?f_ri=139262"},{"id":2380004,"name":"Pharmaceutical preparations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmaceutical_preparations?f_ri=139262"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_69821870" data-work_id="69821870" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/69821870/Implementation_of_a_Speech_Recognition_System_in_a_DSC">Implementation of a Speech Recognition System in a DSC</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper describes the development and validation of an Embedded Isolated Word Recognition System (IWR) for the Argentinian Spanish language, implemented on the STM32F4-Discovery platform. Its front-end extracts Mel Frequency Cepstral... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_69821870" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper describes the development and validation of an Embedded Isolated Word Recognition System (IWR) for the Argentinian Spanish language, implemented on the STM32F4-Discovery platform. Its front-end extracts Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC), while its classification step is based on the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithm. Since the system was conceived as a base platform for the research and development of speech-based command and control applications, it was designed to be modular and to meet real-time performance. The system includes a Real Time Operating System (RTOS) to manage various processing and control tasks, which can be easily reconfigured with different acquisition, processing and recognition parameters using a single file. The validation was done using a scenario of robotic control, achieving performance rates which demonstrates the practical usefulness of the system.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/69821870" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="687741" href="https://uner.academia.edu/DiegoEvin">Diego Evin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="687741" type="text/json">{"id":687741,"first_name":"Diego","last_name":"Evin","domain_name":"uner","page_name":"DiegoEvin","display_name":"Diego Evin","profile_url":"https://uner.academia.edu/DiegoEvin?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_69821870 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="69821870"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 69821870, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_69821870", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_69821870 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 69821870; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_69821870"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_69821870 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="69821870"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 69821870; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=69821870]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_69821870").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_69821870").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="69821870"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5473" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Embedded_Systems">Embedded Systems</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5473" type="text/json">{"id":5473,"name":"Embedded Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Embedded_Systems?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11320" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Automatic_Speech_Recognition">Automatic Speech Recognition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11320" type="text/json">{"id":11320,"name":"Automatic Speech Recognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Automatic_Speech_Recognition?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11984" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Recognition">Speech Recognition</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11984" type="text/json">{"id":11984,"name":"Speech Recognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Recognition?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=69821870]'), work: {"id":69821870,"title":"Implementation of a Speech Recognition System in a DSC","created_at":"2022-01-28T12:51:21.812-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/69821870/Implementation_of_a_Speech_Recognition_System_in_a_DSC?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_69821870","summary":"This paper describes the development and validation of an Embedded Isolated Word Recognition System (IWR) for the Argentinian Spanish language, implemented on the STM32F4-Discovery platform. Its front-end extracts Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC), while its classification step is based on the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithm. Since the system was conceived as a base platform for the research and development of speech-based command and control applications, it was designed to be modular and to meet real-time performance. The system includes a Real Time Operating System (RTOS) to manage various processing and control tasks, which can be easily reconfigured with different acquisition, processing and recognition parameters using a single file. The validation was done using a scenario of robotic control, achieving performance rates which demonstrates the practical usefulness of the system.","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":687741,"first_name":"Diego","last_name":"Evin","domain_name":"uner","page_name":"DiegoEvin","display_name":"Diego Evin","profile_url":"https://uner.academia.edu/DiegoEvin?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":5473,"name":"Embedded Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Embedded_Systems?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":11320,"name":"Automatic Speech Recognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Automatic_Speech_Recognition?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":11984,"name":"Speech Recognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Recognition?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":99330,"name":"Speech recognition System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_recognition_System?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":319818,"name":"Voice Activity Detection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Voice_Activity_Detection?f_ri=139262"},{"id":432494,"name":"Dynamic Time Warping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dynamic_Time_Warping?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1374329,"name":"Mel-frequency Cepstral Coefficients","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mel-frequency_Cepstral_Coefficients?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1671934,"name":"Isolated Words Recognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Isolated_Words_Recognition?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_62689470" data-work_id="62689470" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/62689470/Cogrinding_as_an_approach_to_enhance_dissolution_rate_of_a_poorly_water_soluble_drug_gliclazide_">Cogrinding as an approach to enhance dissolution rate of a poorly water-soluble drug (gliclazide)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Gliclazide is practically insoluble in water. In order to improve the drug dissolution rate, cogrinding method was used as an approach to prepare gliclazide coground/solid dispersions (SDs) in the carriers such as povidone (PVP-K30),... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_62689470" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Gliclazide is practically insoluble in water. In order to improve the drug dissolution rate, cogrinding method was used as an approach to prepare gliclazide coground/solid dispersions (SDs) in the carriers such as povidone (PVP-K30), crospovidone and microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel PH 101) with different drug to carrier ratios. The dissolution rate of gliclazide from the SDs was measured at two physiological pH values of 1.2 and 7.2 simulating gastric and intestinal fluids using USP dissolution apparatus II. The concentration of the dissolved drug in the medium was determined by direct or first-derivative UV spectroscopy. The dissolution rates of the formulations were dependent on the nature and ratio of drug to carriers in SDs and the corresponding physical mixtures as well as the pH of the medium. At a higher pH the drug has a faster dissolution than at a lower pH. The fastest dissolution rates were observed from coground formulations with the drug to carrier ratio of 1:5. The amount of drug dissolved in 15 min from these SDs was varied from 96% in the case of Avicel SD to 100% for SD of PVP. Whereas the amount of drug released in the same time from unground drug powder (UD), ground drug powder (GD) and all physical mixtures was between 60 and 80%. These results indicate that the dissolution rate is highly enhanced from the SDs. DSC as well as X-ray diffraction showed reduced drug crystallinity in SDs. Scanning electron microscopy and particle size analysis revealed significant decreased particle size of the drug in SDs. FT-IR spectroscopy demonstrated no detectable interactions between the drug and carriers. In addition to latter evidence, increased wettability and hydrophilicity of drug particles and deaggregation brought about by the carriers are the reasons for enhanced drug dissolution from the SDs. One of the possible advantages of formulating an insoluble drug such as gliclazide is that if it is used in preparation of capsules or tablets of the drug, its dose might be reduced which is economically beneficial.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/62689470" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="15b336f006f4d97654b3cac6e7fbb446" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":75369849,"asset_id":62689470,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75369849/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34581790" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SMohammadreza">S. Mohammadreza</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34581790" type="text/json">{"id":34581790,"first_name":"S.","last_name":"Mohammadreza","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SMohammadreza","display_name":"S. Mohammadreza","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SMohammadreza?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34581790/99047943/88174796/s65_s..mohammadreza.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_62689470 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="62689470"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 62689470, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_62689470", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_62689470 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 62689470; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_62689470"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_62689470 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="62689470"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 62689470; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=62689470]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_62689470").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_62689470").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="62689470"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10655" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy">Scanning Electron Microscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10655" type="text/json">{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23020" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Powder_technology">Powder technology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="23020" type="text/json">{"id":23020,"name":"Powder technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Powder_technology?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=62689470]'), work: {"id":62689470,"title":"Cogrinding as an approach to enhance dissolution rate of a poorly water-soluble drug (gliclazide)","created_at":"2021-11-29T02:35:15.650-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/62689470/Cogrinding_as_an_approach_to_enhance_dissolution_rate_of_a_poorly_water_soluble_drug_gliclazide_?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_62689470","summary":"Gliclazide is practically insoluble in water. In order to improve the drug dissolution rate, cogrinding method was used as an approach to prepare gliclazide coground/solid dispersions (SDs) in the carriers such as povidone (PVP-K30), crospovidone and microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel PH 101) with different drug to carrier ratios. The dissolution rate of gliclazide from the SDs was measured at two physiological pH values of 1.2 and 7.2 simulating gastric and intestinal fluids using USP dissolution apparatus II. The concentration of the dissolved drug in the medium was determined by direct or first-derivative UV spectroscopy. The dissolution rates of the formulations were dependent on the nature and ratio of drug to carriers in SDs and the corresponding physical mixtures as well as the pH of the medium. At a higher pH the drug has a faster dissolution than at a lower pH. The fastest dissolution rates were observed from coground formulations with the drug to carrier ratio of 1:5. The amount of drug dissolved in 15 min from these SDs was varied from 96% in the case of Avicel SD to 100% for SD of PVP. Whereas the amount of drug released in the same time from unground drug powder (UD), ground drug powder (GD) and all physical mixtures was between 60 and 80%. These results indicate that the dissolution rate is highly enhanced from the SDs. DSC as well as X-ray diffraction showed reduced drug crystallinity in SDs. Scanning electron microscopy and particle size analysis revealed significant decreased particle size of the drug in SDs. FT-IR spectroscopy demonstrated no detectable interactions between the drug and carriers. In addition to latter evidence, increased wettability and hydrophilicity of drug particles and deaggregation brought about by the carriers are the reasons for enhanced drug dissolution from the SDs. One of the possible advantages of formulating an insoluble drug such as gliclazide is that if it is used in preparation of capsules or tablets of the drug, its dose might be reduced which is economically beneficial.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":75369849,"asset_id":62689470,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34581790,"first_name":"S.","last_name":"Mohammadreza","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SMohammadreza","display_name":"S. Mohammadreza","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SMohammadreza?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34581790/99047943/88174796/s65_s..mohammadreza.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":23020,"name":"Powder technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Powder_technology?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":57608,"name":"Dispersion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dispersion?f_ri=139262"},{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262"},{"id":84278,"name":"Ph","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ph?f_ri=139262"},{"id":102724,"name":"Wettability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wettability?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":178355,"name":"Dissolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dissolution?f_ri=139262"},{"id":192323,"name":"Crystallinity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crystallinity?f_ri=139262"},{"id":386527,"name":"X ray diffraction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X_ray_diffraction?f_ri=139262"},{"id":390240,"name":"Powder","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Powder?f_ri=139262"},{"id":390245,"name":"Particle Size","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Size?f_ri=139262"},{"id":423409,"name":"Particle Size Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Size_Analysis?f_ri=139262"},{"id":645316,"name":"Solid Dispersion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Solid_Dispersion?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1007124,"name":"FT IR Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FT_IR_Spectroscopy?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1032494,"name":"Carrier","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carrier?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1139957,"name":"Drug Release","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Release?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1532220,"name":"Microcrystalline Cellulose","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microcrystalline_Cellulose?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_50199668" data-work_id="50199668" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50199668/Non_isothermal_short_range_ordering_by_excess_vacancies_in_%CE%B1Cu_Zn_alloys">Non-isothermal short-range-ordering by excess vacancies in αCu−Zn alloys</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The kinetics short-range-order (SRO) in quenched Cu-30 at. %Zn, Cu-25 at. %Zn and Cu-20 at. %Zn was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It was evidenced a growing atomic mobility with increasing Zn content. From the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_50199668" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The kinetics short-range-order (SRO) in quenched Cu-30 at. %Zn, Cu-25 at. %Zn and Cu-20 at. %Zn was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It was evidenced a growing atomic mobility with increasing Zn content. From the DSC traces it is inferred that ordering is established in one stage, assisted by excess vacancies. As the quenching temperature increases considerable reordering occurs during cooling from the quenching temperature. The variation in the SRO non-isothermal behaviour with quenching temperature and composition is interpreted in terms of the atomic mobility and the degree of disorder together with the concentration of vacancies retained by quenching. Activation energies which control the mean life of vacancies and those which control the ordering rate were very similar, indicating that the mobility of vacancies is highly effective in generating SRO. Such activation energies are somewhat lower than the effective energies which control the kinetics of the process obtained from the DSC traces, suggesting that the presence of solute-vacancy complexes may be important as the Zn concentration increases. This feature was confirmed by an estimation of the solute-vacancy binding energy. It was also inferred that divaeaney formation is unlikely in the alloys under study.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50199668" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a67d0423cb3eb77ad379568b6979e69b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68274573,"asset_id":50199668,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68274573/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="187285486" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EduardoDonoso21">Eduardo Donoso</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="187285486" type="text/json">{"id":187285486,"first_name":"Eduardo","last_name":"Donoso","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EduardoDonoso21","display_name":"Eduardo Donoso","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EduardoDonoso21?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/187285486/51871356/39961763/s65_eduardo.donoso.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_50199668 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50199668"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50199668, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_50199668", }); 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It was evidenced a growing atomic mobility with increasing Zn content. From the DSC traces it is inferred that ordering is established in one stage, assisted by excess vacancies. As the quenching temperature increases considerable reordering occurs during cooling from the quenching temperature. The variation in the SRO non-isothermal behaviour with quenching temperature and composition is interpreted in terms of the atomic mobility and the degree of disorder together with the concentration of vacancies retained by quenching. Activation energies which control the mean life of vacancies and those which control the ordering rate were very similar, indicating that the mobility of vacancies is highly effective in generating SRO. Such activation energies are somewhat lower than the effective energies which control the kinetics of the process obtained from the DSC traces, suggesting that the presence of solute-vacancy complexes may be important as the Zn concentration increases. This feature was confirmed by an estimation of the solute-vacancy binding energy. It was also inferred that divaeaney formation is unlikely in the alloys under study.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68274573,"asset_id":50199668,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":187285486,"first_name":"Eduardo","last_name":"Donoso","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EduardoDonoso21","display_name":"Eduardo Donoso","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EduardoDonoso21?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/187285486/51871356/39961763/s65_eduardo.donoso.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4987,"name":"Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":120814,"name":"Quenching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quenching?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":147640,"name":"Activation Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Activation_Energy?f_ri=139262"},{"id":317239,"name":"Thermal Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Analysis?f_ri=139262"},{"id":482288,"name":"Binding Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Binding_Energy?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1312014,"name":"Heat Treatments","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Treatments?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31123407" data-work_id="31123407" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31123407/Novel_non_acidic_formulations_of_haloperidol_complexed_with_%CE%B2_cyclodextrin_derivatives">Novel non-acidic formulations of haloperidol complexed with β-cyclodextrin derivatives</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Haloperidol (Hal), a highly hydrophobic drug, was complexed with two i-cyclodextrin (i-CD) derivatives. Hal solubility was increased 20-fold in the presence of a 10-fold excess of methyl i-CD (Mei-CD) and 12-fold in the presence of a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_31123407" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Haloperidol (Hal), a highly hydrophobic drug, was complexed with two i-cyclodextrin (i-CD) derivatives. Hal solubility was increased 20-fold in the presence of a 10-fold excess of methyl i-CD (Mei-CD) and 12-fold in the presence of a 10-fold excess of 2-hydroxypropyl i-CD (HPi-CD). The stoichiometries and stability constants of Hal-Mei-CD (1:1 and 2345 M − 1 at 27°C) and Hal -HPi-CD (1:1 and 2112 M − 1 at 27°C) complexes were calculated by the continuous variation and phase solubility methods respectively. Differential scanning calorimetry and 1 H-NMR were used to confirm the formation of inclusion complexes. Moreover, the enthalpy and entropy of the complexation process were calculated for both complexes in order to obtain such information as the main 'driving force' and whether or not complex formation is thermodynamically favoured. This was achieved by monitoring the isothermic solubility lines at various temperatures. © 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31123407" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f9b1f37b928f5becf159676315dca9ba" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51558888,"asset_id":31123407,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51558888/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="53321484" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GregoryGregoriadis">Gregory Gregoriadis</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="53321484" type="text/json">{"id":53321484,"first_name":"Gregory","last_name":"Gregoriadis","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GregoryGregoriadis","display_name":"Gregory Gregoriadis","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GregoryGregoriadis?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/53321484/15686607/19194520/s65_gregory.gregoriadis.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_31123407 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="31123407"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31123407, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_31123407", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31123407]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_31123407").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_31123407").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="31123407"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="522" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermodynamics">Thermodynamics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="522" type="text/json">{"id":522,"name":"Thermodynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermodynamics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="524" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry">Analytical Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="524" type="text/json">{"id":524,"name":"Analytical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21732" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_Resonance_Spectroscopy">Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21732" type="text/json">{"id":21732,"name":"Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_Resonance_Spectroscopy?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23390" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmaceutical_Chemistry">Pharmaceutical Chemistry</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="23390" type="text/json">{"id":23390,"name":"Pharmaceutical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmaceutical_Chemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=31123407]'), work: {"id":31123407,"title":"Novel non-acidic formulations of haloperidol complexed with β-cyclodextrin derivatives","created_at":"2017-01-30T12:05:37.276-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/31123407/Novel_non_acidic_formulations_of_haloperidol_complexed_with_%CE%B2_cyclodextrin_derivatives?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_31123407","summary":"Haloperidol (Hal), a highly hydrophobic drug, was complexed with two i-cyclodextrin (i-CD) derivatives. Hal solubility was increased 20-fold in the presence of a 10-fold excess of methyl i-CD (Mei-CD) and 12-fold in the presence of a 10-fold excess of 2-hydroxypropyl i-CD (HPi-CD). The stoichiometries and stability constants of Hal-Mei-CD (1:1 and 2345 M − 1 at 27°C) and Hal -HPi-CD (1:1 and 2112 M − 1 at 27°C) complexes were calculated by the continuous variation and phase solubility methods respectively. Differential scanning calorimetry and 1 H-NMR were used to confirm the formation of inclusion complexes. Moreover, the enthalpy and entropy of the complexation process were calculated for both complexes in order to obtain such information as the main 'driving force' and whether or not complex formation is thermodynamically favoured. This was achieved by monitoring the isothermic solubility lines at various temperatures. © 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51558888,"asset_id":31123407,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":53321484,"first_name":"Gregory","last_name":"Gregoriadis","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GregoryGregoriadis","display_name":"Gregory Gregoriadis","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GregoryGregoriadis?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/53321484/15686607/19194520/s65_gregory.gregoriadis.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":522,"name":"Thermodynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermodynamics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":524,"name":"Analytical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":21732,"name":"Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_Resonance_Spectroscopy?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":23390,"name":"Pharmaceutical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmaceutical_Chemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":25600,"name":"Stability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stability?f_ri=139262"},{"id":36265,"name":"Entropy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entropy?f_ri=139262"},{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262"},{"id":95655,"name":"Pharmaceutical","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmaceutical?f_ri=139262"},{"id":114712,"name":"Enthalpy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enthalpy?f_ri=139262"},{"id":114941,"name":"Nmr","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nmr?f_ri=139262"},{"id":133177,"name":"Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":205584,"name":"Solubility","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Solubility?f_ri=139262"},{"id":251019,"name":"Haloperidol","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Haloperidol?f_ri=139262"},{"id":347430,"name":"Food Additives","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Additives?f_ri=139262"},{"id":594574,"name":"Cyclodextrins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyclodextrins?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1135814,"name":"Drug Stability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drug_Stability?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1885584,"name":"Entropie","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entropie?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6375037" data-work_id="6375037" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6375037/Extractability_and_thermal_stability_of_frozen_hake_Merluccius_merluccius_fillets_stored_at_10_and_30_C">Extractability and thermal stability of frozen hake (Merluccius merluccius) fillets stored at ?10 and ?30 �C</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The relationship between thermal stability changes and functionality loss was monitored in hake muscle fillets stored for 40 weeks at −10 and −30 °C. The evolution of changes in apparent viscosity, dimethylamine formation and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6375037" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The relationship between thermal stability changes and functionality loss was monitored in hake muscle fillets stored for 40 weeks at −10 and −30 °C. The evolution of changes in apparent viscosity, dimethylamine formation and extractability of muscle proteins in NaCl, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) or SDS plus mercaptoethanol showed drastic differences as a function of temperature. At the higher storage temperature, both myosin heavy chain and collagen were the most severely unextracted in salt and SDS solutions, with actin becoming unextractable at the end of storage. Differential scanning calorimetry showed differences with storage time and temperature in both onset temperature and thermal denaturation enthalpy, mostly affecting the myosin transitions. Some protein denaturation occurred with little or no functionality loss. A considerably high fraction of hake muscle proteins remained in the native-like condition even at the higher frozen storage temperature. In these conditions both apparent viscosity and myosin and actin extractability in NaCl were very low.© 2002 Society of Chemical Industry</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6375037" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ce755457871f9d796cace1fc21551880" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48897079,"asset_id":6375037,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48897079/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9977128" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MariaMazo">Maria Mazo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9977128" type="text/json">{"id":9977128,"first_name":"Maria","last_name":"Mazo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MariaMazo","display_name":"Maria Mazo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MariaMazo?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6375037 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6375037"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6375037, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6375037", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6375037 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6375037; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6375037"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6375037 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6375037"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6375037; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6375037]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6375037").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6375037").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6375037"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139262" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC">DSC</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139262" type="text/json">{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="389180" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Stability">Thermal Stability</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="389180" type="text/json">{"id":389180,"name":"Thermal Stability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Stability?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="919353" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hake">Hake</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="919353" type="text/json">{"id":919353,"name":"Hake","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hake?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6375037]'), work: {"id":6375037,"title":"Extractability and thermal stability of frozen hake (Merluccius merluccius) fillets stored at ?10 and ?30 �C","created_at":"2014-03-11T08:05:03.512-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6375037/Extractability_and_thermal_stability_of_frozen_hake_Merluccius_merluccius_fillets_stored_at_10_and_30_C?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_6375037","summary":"The relationship between thermal stability changes and functionality loss was monitored in hake muscle fillets stored for 40 weeks at −10 and −30 °C. The evolution of changes in apparent viscosity, dimethylamine formation and extractability of muscle proteins in NaCl, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) or SDS plus mercaptoethanol showed drastic differences as a function of temperature. At the higher storage temperature, both myosin heavy chain and collagen were the most severely unextracted in salt and SDS solutions, with actin becoming unextractable at the end of storage. Differential scanning calorimetry showed differences with storage time and temperature in both onset temperature and thermal denaturation enthalpy, mostly affecting the myosin transitions. Some protein denaturation occurred with little or no functionality loss. A considerably high fraction of hake muscle proteins remained in the native-like condition even at the higher frozen storage temperature. In these conditions both apparent viscosity and myosin and actin extractability in NaCl were very low.© 2002 Society of Chemical Industry","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48897079,"asset_id":6375037,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9977128,"first_name":"Maria","last_name":"Mazo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MariaMazo","display_name":"Maria Mazo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MariaMazo?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":389180,"name":"Thermal Stability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Stability?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":919353,"name":"Hake","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hake?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":1186541,"name":"Protein Denaturation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Denaturation?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_58255016" data-work_id="58255016" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/58255016/Thermodynamic_features_of_the_thermal_unfolding_of_human_serum_albumin">Thermodynamic features of the thermal unfolding of human serum albumin</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The unfolding process of human serum albumin (HSA) was studied by thermal effect on the native fluorescence of the protein, thermal inactivation of the hydrolase activity of albumin and differential scanning calorimetry using the high... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_58255016" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The unfolding process of human serum albumin (HSA) was studied by thermal effect on the native fluorescence of the protein, thermal inactivation of the hydrolase activity of albumin and differential scanning calorimetry using the high sensitive calorimeter developed by Privalov. The denaturation process can be described by an approximation of the model of Eyring and Lumry: native ~-unfolded reversible ~ unfolded irreversible. It was found that the rate of irreversible step was very slow (at temperatures below 74°C), allowing the resolution of the denaturation process as a reversible one on the basis of two states approximation. However, the presence of intramolecular cooperation in the thermal denaturation process at temperatures above 74°C cannot be discarded, which might be favoring the aggregation of albumin molecules. The midpoint temperature of unfolding obtained by differential scanning calorimetry was of 63.1°C + 0.4 at pH 7.4. This value was independent of the rate of scanning and it is in agreement with those obtained by techniques such as thermal effect on the protein fluorescence and on the hydrolase activity of albumin. The enthalpy of unfolding at pH 7.4 was 88.9 + 4 Kcal/mol. This value was low compared with those obtained for other proteins, suggesting the presence of a molten globule in the unfolding pathway of albumin. The neutral-basic conformational change (pH 7.4) of albumin did not modify the thermal stability and the enthalpy of denaturation of the protein. A pH below 4.3 (transition acid-neutral) the presence of a second peak in the thermogram of albumin with a TM of 46.2°C + 0.9 would be suggesting a lost of cooperativity between the various domains of albumin in the unfolding.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/58255016" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="51d14988b53f285cfda417cca13aeb2e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":72755983,"asset_id":58255016,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/72755983/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="168869558" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GuillermoPico3">Guillermo Pico</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="168869558" type="text/json">{"id":168869558,"first_name":"Guillermo","last_name":"Pico","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GuillermoPico3","display_name":"Guillermo Pico","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GuillermoPico3?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_58255016 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="58255016"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 58255016, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_58255016", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=58255016]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_58255016").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_58255016").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="58255016"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="522" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermodynamics">Thermodynamics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="522" type="text/json">{"id":522,"name":"Thermodynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermodynamics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3971" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Folding">Protein Folding</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3971" type="text/json">{"id":3971,"name":"Protein Folding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Folding?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7698" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluorescence">Fluorescence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7698" type="text/json">{"id":7698,"name":"Fluorescence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluorescence?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="76408" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Albumin">Albumin</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="76408" type="text/json">{"id":76408,"name":"Albumin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Albumin?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=58255016]'), work: {"id":58255016,"title":"Thermodynamic features of the thermal unfolding of human serum albumin","created_at":"2021-10-15T18:56:12.037-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/58255016/Thermodynamic_features_of_the_thermal_unfolding_of_human_serum_albumin?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_58255016","summary":"The unfolding process of human serum albumin (HSA) was studied by thermal effect on the native fluorescence of the protein, thermal inactivation of the hydrolase activity of albumin and differential scanning calorimetry using the high sensitive calorimeter developed by Privalov. The denaturation process can be described by an approximation of the model of Eyring and Lumry: native ~-unfolded reversible ~ unfolded irreversible. It was found that the rate of irreversible step was very slow (at temperatures below 74°C), allowing the resolution of the denaturation process as a reversible one on the basis of two states approximation. However, the presence of intramolecular cooperation in the thermal denaturation process at temperatures above 74°C cannot be discarded, which might be favoring the aggregation of albumin molecules. The midpoint temperature of unfolding obtained by differential scanning calorimetry was of 63.1°C + 0.4 at pH 7.4. This value was independent of the rate of scanning and it is in agreement with those obtained by techniques such as thermal effect on the protein fluorescence and on the hydrolase activity of albumin. The enthalpy of unfolding at pH 7.4 was 88.9 + 4 Kcal/mol. This value was low compared with those obtained for other proteins, suggesting the presence of a molten globule in the unfolding pathway of albumin. The neutral-basic conformational change (pH 7.4) of albumin did not modify the thermal stability and the enthalpy of denaturation of the protein. A pH below 4.3 (transition acid-neutral) the presence of a second peak in the thermogram of albumin with a TM of 46.2°C + 0.9 would be suggesting a lost of cooperativity between the various domains of albumin in the unfolding.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":72755983,"asset_id":58255016,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":168869558,"first_name":"Guillermo","last_name":"Pico","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GuillermoPico3","display_name":"Guillermo Pico","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GuillermoPico3?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":522,"name":"Thermodynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermodynamics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":3971,"name":"Protein Folding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Folding?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":7698,"name":"Fluorescence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluorescence?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":76408,"name":"Albumin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Albumin?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262"},{"id":133177,"name":"Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":230901,"name":"Molten Globule","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molten_Globule?f_ri=139262"},{"id":389180,"name":"Thermal Stability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Stability?f_ri=139262"},{"id":677739,"name":"Calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Calorimetry?f_ri=139262"},{"id":801416,"name":"Guanidines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Guanidines?f_ri=139262"},{"id":962638,"name":"High Sensitivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Sensitivity?f_ri=139262"},{"id":995573,"name":"Biological Macromolecules","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Macromolecules?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1186541,"name":"Protein Denaturation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Denaturation?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1263744,"name":"Thermal Effects","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Effects?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1274450,"name":"Conformational Change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conformational_Change?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=139262"},{"id":2349258,"name":"Serum albumin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Serum_albumin?f_ri=139262"},{"id":3686577,"name":"Human serum albumin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_serum_albumin?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_50045846" data-work_id="50045846" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50045846/A_myristoyl_phosphoserine_switch_controls_cAMP_dependent_protein_kinase_association_to_membranes">A myristoyl/phosphoserine switch controls cAMP-dependent protein kinase association to membranes</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The cAMP-dependent protein kinase [protein kinase A (PKA)] mediates a myriad of cellular signaling events, and its activity is tightly regulated in both space and time. Among these regulatory mechanisms is N-myristoylation, whose... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_50045846" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The cAMP-dependent protein kinase [protein kinase A (PKA)] mediates a myriad of cellular signaling events, and its activity is tightly regulated in both space and time. Among these regulatory mechanisms is N-myristoylation, whose biological role has been elusive. Using a combination of thermodynamics, kinetics, and spectroscopic methods, we analyzed the effects of N-myristoylation and phosphorylation at Ser10 on the interactions of PKA with model membranes. We found that, in the absence of lipids, the myristoyl group is tucked into the hydrophobic binding pocket of the enzyme (myr-in state). Upon association with lipid bilayers, the myristoyl group is extruded and inserts into the hydrocarbon region of the lipid bilayer (myr-out state). NMR data indicate that the enzyme undergoes conformational equilibrium between myr-in and myr-out states, which can be shifted byeither interaction with membranes and/or phosphorylation at Ser10. Our results provide evidence that the membrane binding motif of the myristoylated C-subunit of PKA (PKA-C) steers the enzyme toward lipids independent of its regulatory subunit or an A-kinase anchoring protein, providing an additional mechanism to localize the enzyme near membrane-bound substrates.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50045846" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6a7d873013b65816da457f76e7bf94c6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68176192,"asset_id":50045846,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68176192/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="132625128" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IBRAHIMMUSAM">MUSA IBRAHIM MUSA</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="132625128" type="text/json">{"id":132625128,"first_name":"MUSA","last_name":"IBRAHIM MUSA","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IBRAHIMMUSAM","display_name":"MUSA IBRAHIM MUSA","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IBRAHIMMUSAM?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_50045846 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50045846"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50045846, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_50045846", }); 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Among these regulatory mechanisms is N-myristoylation, whose biological role has been elusive. Using a combination of thermodynamics, kinetics, and spectroscopic methods, we analyzed the effects of N-myristoylation and phosphorylation at Ser10 on the interactions of PKA with model membranes. We found that, in the absence of lipids, the myristoyl group is tucked into the hydrophobic binding pocket of the enzyme (myr-in state). Upon association with lipid bilayers, the myristoyl group is extruded and inserts into the hydrocarbon region of the lipid bilayer (myr-out state). NMR data indicate that the enzyme undergoes conformational equilibrium between myr-in and myr-out states, which can be shifted byeither interaction with membranes and/or phosphorylation at Ser10. Our results provide evidence that the membrane binding motif of the myristoylated C-subunit of PKA (PKA-C) steers the enzyme toward lipids independent of its regulatory subunit or an A-kinase anchoring protein, providing an additional mechanism to localize the enzyme near membrane-bound substrates.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68176192,"asset_id":50045846,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":132625128,"first_name":"MUSA","last_name":"IBRAHIM MUSA","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IBRAHIMMUSAM","display_name":"MUSA IBRAHIM MUSA","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IBRAHIMMUSAM?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2513,"name":"Molecular Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":4987,"name":"Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":12134,"name":"NMR Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/NMR_Spectroscopy?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":21732,"name":"Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_Resonance_Spectroscopy?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":50157,"name":"Molecular","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular?f_ri=139262"},{"id":76407,"name":"Circular Dichroism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Circular_Dichroism?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":172083,"name":"Phosphorylation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phosphorylation?f_ri=139262"},{"id":231661,"name":"Enzyme","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enzyme?f_ri=139262"},{"id":251023,"name":"PKA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PKA?f_ri=139262"},{"id":649537,"name":"Molecular Conformation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Conformation?f_ri=139262"},{"id":727016,"name":"HSQC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/HSQC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":758900,"name":"Lipid bilayers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lipid_bilayers?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1010725,"name":"Protein Binding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Binding?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1145644,"name":"Lipid Bilayer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lipid_Bilayer?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1531529,"name":"PDB","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PDB?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=139262"},{"id":2431936,"name":"Myristic acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Myristic_acid?f_ri=139262"},{"id":2468093,"name":"Cell Membrane","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Membrane?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40050980 coauthored" data-work_id="40050980" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40050980/Evaluation_of_the_Physicochemical_and_Thermal_Properties_of_Chromium_Trioxide_CrO3_Impact_of_Consciousness_Energy_Healing_Treatment">Evaluation of the Physicochemical and Thermal Properties of Chromium Trioxide (CrO3): Impact of Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Chromium trioxide (CrO3) has many industrial applications for the manufacturing of aerospace parts, synthetic rubies, stripping agent, etc. but it is very hygroscopic, toxic and powerful oxidizing material. The objective of this study was... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40050980" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Chromium trioxide (CrO3) has many industrial applications for the manufacturing of aerospace parts, synthetic rubies, stripping agent, etc. but it is very hygroscopic, toxic and powerful oxidizing material. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the Trivedi Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment on the physicochemical and thermal properties of CrO3 using modern analytical techniques. The sample was divided into two parts, one part of the test sample was considered as the control sample (no Biofield Treatment was provided), while another portion received the Biofield Treatment remotely by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Gopal Nayak and termed as the treated sample. The particle size values of the treated CrO3 were increased by 2.39%, 4.52%, 4.42%, and 4.15% at d10, d50, d90, and D(4,3), respectively compared to the control sample. Thus, the specific surface area of the treated CrO3 was decreased by 4.27% compared with the control sample. The PXRD peak intensities of the treated CrO3 were significantly altered ranging from -73.48% to 212.5% compared with the control sample. Similarly, the crystallite sizes of the treated sample were significantly altered ranging from -38.7% to 167.39% compared to the control sample. However, the average crystallite size of the treated sample was increased by 4.25% compared with the control sample. The latent heat of fusion of the treated sample was significantly increased by 556.45% compared with the control sample. The Trivedi Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment might produce a new polymorphic form of CrO3 which would be better powder flowability and lower solubility; hence it will show the lower absorption and toxicity on inhalation, ingestion, contact to skin and eye, chronic exposure, and aggravation of pre-existing conditions. The Biofield Energy Treated CrO3 sample would be very useful for the ceramic industry manufacturing the synthetic rubies, stripping agent of anodic coatings, aerospace parts, etc.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40050980" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4d1f199e1711d66cced240d93fee78c4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60250590,"asset_id":40050980,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60250590/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6771312" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MahendraKumarTrivedi">Mahendra Kumar Trivedi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6771312" type="text/json">{"id":6771312,"first_name":"Mahendra Kumar","last_name":"Trivedi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MahendraKumarTrivedi","display_name":"Mahendra Kumar Trivedi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MahendraKumarTrivedi?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6771312/9887017/117966475/s65_mahendra_kumar.trivedi.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-40050980">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-40050980"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/AliceBranton">Alice Branton</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/DahrynTrivedi">Dahryn Trivedi</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-40050980'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-40050980').html(); 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The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the Trivedi Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment on the physicochemical and thermal properties of CrO3 using modern analytical techniques. The sample was divided into two parts, one part of the test sample was considered as the control sample (no Biofield Treatment was provided), while another portion received the Biofield Treatment remotely by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Gopal Nayak and termed as the treated sample. The particle size values of the treated CrO3 were increased by 2.39%, 4.52%, 4.42%, and 4.15% at d10, d50, d90, and D(4,3), respectively compared to the control sample. Thus, the specific surface area of the treated CrO3 was decreased by 4.27% compared with the control sample. The PXRD peak intensities of the treated CrO3 were significantly altered ranging from -73.48% to 212.5% compared with the control sample. Similarly, the crystallite sizes of the treated sample were significantly altered ranging from -38.7% to 167.39% compared to the control sample. However, the average crystallite size of the treated sample was increased by 4.25% compared with the control sample. The latent heat of fusion of the treated sample was significantly increased by 556.45% compared with the control sample. The Trivedi Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment might produce a new polymorphic form of CrO3 which would be better powder flowability and lower solubility; hence it will show the lower absorption and toxicity on inhalation, ingestion, contact to skin and eye, chronic exposure, and aggravation of pre-existing conditions. The Biofield Energy Treated CrO3 sample would be very useful for the ceramic industry manufacturing the synthetic rubies, stripping agent of anodic coatings, aerospace parts, etc.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60250590,"asset_id":40050980,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6771312,"first_name":"Mahendra Kumar","last_name":"Trivedi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MahendraKumarTrivedi","display_name":"Mahendra Kumar Trivedi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MahendraKumarTrivedi?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6771312/9887017/117966475/s65_mahendra_kumar.trivedi.jpg"},{"id":33978679,"first_name":"Alice","last_name":"Branton","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AliceBranton","display_name":"Alice Branton","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AliceBranton?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33978679/9985099/117975410/s65_alice.branton.jpg"},{"id":33978913,"first_name":"Dahryn","last_name":"Trivedi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DahrynTrivedi","display_name":"Dahryn Trivedi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DahrynTrivedi?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33978913/9985138/117973617/s65_dahryn.trivedi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4083,"name":"Complementary and Alternative Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complementary_and_Alternative_Medicine?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":368560,"name":"Crystallite Size","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crystallite_Size?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":386356,"name":"Surface Area","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surface_Area?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":390245,"name":"Particle Size","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Size?f_ri=139262"},{"id":2585945,"name":"The Trivedi Effect®","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Trivedi_Effect_?f_ri=139262"},{"id":2732658,"name":"Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consciousness_Energy_Healing_Treatment?f_ri=139262"},{"id":3334245,"name":"Chromium trioxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chromium_trioxide?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23309290 coauthored" data-work_id="23309290" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23309290/Thermal_degradation_of_plasticized_poly_3_hydroxybutyrate_investigated_by_DSC">Thermal degradation of plasticized poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) investigated by DSC</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The thermal degradation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) in the presence of two plasticizers (glycerol, glycerol triacetate) was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The thermal degradation was studied as a function of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23309290" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The thermal degradation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) in the presence of two plasticizers (glycerol, glycerol triacetate) was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The thermal degradation was studied as a function of the annealing time, temperature and cooling rate after the thermal treatment. PHB thermal degradation proceeds by the random scission of the polymer chain. The presence of glycerol leads to a significant prodegradative effect on PHB presumably due to the alcoholysis reaction, while glycerol triacetate (triacetine) behaved as an almost inert additive from this point of view. Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) confirmed the results obtained by the DSC method. The data lead to the conclusion that DSC is a suitable method for estimation of PHB thermal degradation. #</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23309290" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7a407ff238cb9143fd591d441de6287f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43771430,"asset_id":23309290,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43771430/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="45211711" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IvanChod%C3%A1k">Ivan Chodák</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="45211711" type="text/json">{"id":45211711,"first_name":"Ivan","last_name":"Chodák","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IvanChodák","display_name":"Ivan Chodák","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IvanChod%C3%A1k?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-23309290">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-23309290"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/IvicaJanigov%C3%A1">Ivica Janigová</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-23309290'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-23309290').html(); 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The thermal degradation was studied as a function of the annealing time, temperature and cooling rate after the thermal treatment. PHB thermal degradation proceeds by the random scission of the polymer chain. The presence of glycerol leads to a significant prodegradative effect on PHB presumably due to the alcoholysis reaction, while glycerol triacetate (triacetine) behaved as an almost inert additive from this point of view. Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) confirmed the results obtained by the DSC method. The data lead to the conclusion that DSC is a suitable method for estimation of PHB thermal degradation. #","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43771430,"asset_id":23309290,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":45211711,"first_name":"Ivan","last_name":"Chodák","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IvanChodák","display_name":"Ivan Chodák","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IvanChod%C3%A1k?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":32952412,"first_name":"Ivica","last_name":"Janigová","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IvicaJanigová","display_name":"Ivica Janigová","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IvicaJanigov%C3%A1?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":35816,"name":"POlymer degradation and stability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/POlymer_degradation_and_stability?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":99667,"name":"Annealing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Annealing?f_ri=139262"},{"id":119665,"name":"Reaction Time","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reaction_Time?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":147636,"name":"Cooling Rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cooling_Rate?f_ri=139262"},{"id":335946,"name":"Sec","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sec?f_ri=139262"},{"id":394503,"name":"Thermal Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Treatment?f_ri=139262"},{"id":892890,"name":"Point of View","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Point_of_View?f_ri=139262"},{"id":903768,"name":"Plasticizer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plasticizer?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1311550,"name":"Size Exclusion Chromatography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Size_Exclusion_Chromatography?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_58958346" data-work_id="58958346" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/58958346/Effects_of_selected_phenol_derivatives_on_the_autoxidation_of_linolenic_acid_investigated_by_DSC_non_isothermal_methods">Effects of selected phenol derivatives on the autoxidation of linolenic acid investigated by DSC non-isothermal methods</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The kinetic features of the thermoxidation of linolenic acid (LNA) was investigated under non-isothermal conditions (50-300°C) in the presence of the phenolic compounds: o-cresol, p-cresol, 2,4-dimethylphenol, 2,5-dimethylphenol,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_58958346" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The kinetic features of the thermoxidation of linolenic acid (LNA) was investigated under non-isothermal conditions (50-300°C) in the presence of the phenolic compounds: o-cresol, p-cresol, 2,4-dimethylphenol, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 3,5dimethylphenol, 2,4,6-trimethylphenol and 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol at concentrations 0.26-20 mmol of compound per mol of LNA. Temperatures of reaction onset at different heating rates were used to evaluate kinetic parameters of linolenic acid thermoxidation by the Ozawa-Flynn-Wall method. Activation energy (Ea) of the pure linolenic acid thermoxidation was 70.4±0.5 kJ/mol and at the tested concentrations range of the phenolic compound, Ea increased maximally to 95.8±5.1 kJ/ mol for 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol, 101.1±3.0kJ/mol for o-cresol, 90.9±l.5kJ/mol for 2,4,6-trimethylphenol, 89.9+4.4 kJ/mol (p-cresol), 80.7±4.5 kJ/mol (2,5-dimethylphenol) 86.1 ±3.6 kJ/mol (3,5-dimethylphenol) and 75.1-t-3.0 kJ/ mol for 2,4-dimethylphenol. At concentrations of the phenolic compound greater than 10 mmol per mol of LNA, a decrease of inhibitory effect was observed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/58958346" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="19ac76ba536953036e56c7c0a02de5e7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":73116827,"asset_id":58958346,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73116827/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="50383373" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GrzegorzLitwinienko">Grzegorz Litwinienko</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="50383373" type="text/json">{"id":50383373,"first_name":"Grzegorz","last_name":"Litwinienko","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GrzegorzLitwinienko","display_name":"Grzegorz Litwinienko","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GrzegorzLitwinienko?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_58958346 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="58958346"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 58958346, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_58958346", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=58958346]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_58958346").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_58958346").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="58958346"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="524" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry">Analytical Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="524" type="text/json">{"id":524,"name":"Analytical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4987" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics">Kinetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4987" type="text/json">{"id":4987,"name":"Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="78753" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry">Differential scanning calorimetry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="78753" type="text/json">{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139262" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC">DSC</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="139262" type="text/json">{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=58958346]'), work: {"id":58958346,"title":"Effects of selected phenol derivatives on the autoxidation of linolenic acid investigated by DSC non-isothermal methods","created_at":"2021-10-18T23:03:59.232-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/58958346/Effects_of_selected_phenol_derivatives_on_the_autoxidation_of_linolenic_acid_investigated_by_DSC_non_isothermal_methods?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_58958346","summary":"The kinetic features of the thermoxidation of linolenic acid (LNA) was investigated under non-isothermal conditions (50-300°C) in the presence of the phenolic compounds: o-cresol, p-cresol, 2,4-dimethylphenol, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 3,5dimethylphenol, 2,4,6-trimethylphenol and 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol at concentrations 0.26-20 mmol of compound per mol of LNA. Temperatures of reaction onset at different heating rates were used to evaluate kinetic parameters of linolenic acid thermoxidation by the Ozawa-Flynn-Wall method. Activation energy (Ea) of the pure linolenic acid thermoxidation was 70.4±0.5 kJ/mol and at the tested concentrations range of the phenolic compound, Ea increased maximally to 95.8±5.1 kJ/ mol for 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol, 101.1±3.0kJ/mol for o-cresol, 90.9±l.5kJ/mol for 2,4,6-trimethylphenol, 89.9+4.4 kJ/mol (p-cresol), 80.7±4.5 kJ/mol (2,5-dimethylphenol) 86.1 ±3.6 kJ/mol (3,5-dimethylphenol) and 75.1-t-3.0 kJ/ mol for 2,4-dimethylphenol. At concentrations of the phenolic compound greater than 10 mmol per mol of LNA, a decrease of inhibitory effect was observed.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73116827,"asset_id":58958346,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":50383373,"first_name":"Grzegorz","last_name":"Litwinienko","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GrzegorzLitwinienko","display_name":"Grzegorz Litwinienko","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GrzegorzLitwinienko?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":524,"name":"Analytical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":4987,"name":"Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":147640,"name":"Activation Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Activation_Energy?f_ri=139262"},{"id":563382,"name":"Oxidation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidation?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27490904" data-work_id="27490904" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27490904/The_effects_of_heat_treatment_and_ageing_on_the_mechanical_properties_of_rigid_PVC">The effects of heat treatment and ageing on the mechanical properties of rigid PVC</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Indoor profiles made of unplasticized PVC, both new and more than 20 years old, were annealed at temperatures in the range 50-190 C for periods varying from 1 h to 143 days. The effects were examined mainly by elongation at break... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_27490904" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Indoor profiles made of unplasticized PVC, both new and more than 20 years old, were annealed at temperatures in the range 50-190 C for periods varying from 1 h to 143 days. The effects were examined mainly by elongation at break measurements and differential thermal analysis (DSC). A dramatic decrease in elongation at break was observed upon heat treatment at various temperatures both below and above glass transition temperature (T g ). However, when the new and old materials were re-extruded, the original values of elongation at break were obtained again. A decrease of elongation at break in samples annealed at temperatures below T g was explained by the effect of physical ageing, while a decrease of elongation at break in samples annealed at temperatures above T g was explained by the annihilation of the orientation in the materials. This hypothesis also explains why the original elongation at break was not attained by any heat treatment but by re-extrusion only. The DSC thermograms of the untreated, extruded materials were composed of an exothermal peak immediately above T g , which continuously passed over into a broad melting endotherm. This exothermal peak remained after heat treatment at temperatures below T g but disappeared in the DSC thermograms when the materials were heat treated above T g . The exothermal peak was resurrected by re-extrusion only. Our interpretation of the DSC results was that extrusion causes orientation in the material, producing mesomorphic structures with chains aligned but not packed. Those structures can easily crystallize when heating above T g , resulting in the crystallization peak in DSC. #</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27490904" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3edd34de4ffdd1aad4ea9fa6764486de" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47747853,"asset_id":27490904,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47747853/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="51641542" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NazdanehYarahmadi">Nazdaneh Yarahmadi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="51641542" type="text/json">{"id":51641542,"first_name":"Nazdaneh","last_name":"Yarahmadi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NazdanehYarahmadi","display_name":"Nazdaneh Yarahmadi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NazdanehYarahmadi?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27490904 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27490904"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27490904, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27490904", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27490904]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_27490904").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_27490904").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="27490904"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5645" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Recycling">Recycling</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5645" type="text/json">{"id":5645,"name":"Recycling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Recycling?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14925" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Treatment">Heat Treatment</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="14925" type="text/json">{"id":14925,"name":"Heat Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Treatment?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=27490904]'), work: {"id":27490904,"title":"The effects of heat treatment and ageing on the mechanical properties of rigid PVC","created_at":"2016-08-03T00:21:07.715-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/27490904/The_effects_of_heat_treatment_and_ageing_on_the_mechanical_properties_of_rigid_PVC?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_27490904","summary":"Indoor profiles made of unplasticized PVC, both new and more than 20 years old, were annealed at temperatures in the range 50-190 C for periods varying from 1 h to 143 days. The effects were examined mainly by elongation at break measurements and differential thermal analysis (DSC). A dramatic decrease in elongation at break was observed upon heat treatment at various temperatures both below and above glass transition temperature (T g ). However, when the new and old materials were re-extruded, the original values of elongation at break were obtained again. A decrease of elongation at break in samples annealed at temperatures below T g was explained by the effect of physical ageing, while a decrease of elongation at break in samples annealed at temperatures above T g was explained by the annihilation of the orientation in the materials. This hypothesis also explains why the original elongation at break was not attained by any heat treatment but by re-extrusion only. The DSC thermograms of the untreated, extruded materials were composed of an exothermal peak immediately above T g , which continuously passed over into a broad melting endotherm. This exothermal peak remained after heat treatment at temperatures below T g but disappeared in the DSC thermograms when the materials were heat treated above T g . The exothermal peak was resurrected by re-extrusion only. Our interpretation of the DSC results was that extrusion causes orientation in the material, producing mesomorphic structures with chains aligned but not packed. Those structures can easily crystallize when heating above T g , resulting in the crystallization peak in DSC. #","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47747853,"asset_id":27490904,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":51641542,"first_name":"Nazdaneh","last_name":"Yarahmadi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NazdanehYarahmadi","display_name":"Nazdaneh Yarahmadi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NazdanehYarahmadi?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":5645,"name":"Recycling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Recycling?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":14925,"name":"Heat Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Treatment?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":35816,"name":"POlymer degradation and stability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/POlymer_degradation_and_stability?f_ri=139262"},{"id":99667,"name":"Annealing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Annealing?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":192323,"name":"Crystallinity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crystallinity?f_ri=139262"},{"id":335228,"name":"Glass Transition Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glass_Transition_Temperature?f_ri=139262"},{"id":396853,"name":"Differential Thermal Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_Thermal_Analysis?f_ri=139262"},{"id":449067,"name":"Extrusion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Extrusion?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10201083" data-work_id="10201083" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10201083/Radiation_Physics_and_Chemistry_98_2014_124_131_RAghu">Radiation Physics and Chemistry 98 (2014) 124–131 RAghu</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">8 MeV EB irradiation effect on dielectric constant and AC conductivity of polymer electrolyte films was observed. Occurrence of chain scission due to breaking of bonds was confirmed by FT-IR analysis. AC conductivity increases with dose... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10201083" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">8 MeV EB irradiation effect on dielectric constant and AC conductivity of polymer electrolyte films was observed. Occurrence of chain scission due to breaking of bonds was confirmed by FT-IR analysis. AC conductivity increases with dose due to more number of free charges involved in conduction.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10201083" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fb3ec8a14c085dcc120d55e4636d217e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36298957,"asset_id":10201083,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36298957/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24936377" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DrRaghuS">Dr Raghu S</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24936377" type="text/json">{"id":24936377,"first_name":"Dr","last_name":"Raghu S","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DrRaghuS","display_name":"Dr Raghu S","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DrRaghuS?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24936377/6752627/11830009/s65_raghu_s.krishnapura.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10201083 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10201083"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10201083, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10201083", }); 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Occurrence of chain scission due to breaking of bonds was confirmed by FT-IR analysis. AC conductivity increases with dose due to more number of free charges involved in conduction.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36298957,"asset_id":10201083,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24936377,"first_name":"Dr","last_name":"Raghu S","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DrRaghuS","display_name":"Dr Raghu S","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DrRaghuS?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24936377/6752627/11830009/s65_raghu_s.krishnapura.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":171569,"name":"Polymer Electrolyte","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_Electrolyte?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":186260,"name":"Dielectric Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dielectric_Properties?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":358526,"name":"FT-IR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FT-IR?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_65434006" data-work_id="65434006" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/65434006/Gelatinization_kinetics_of_rice_starch_studied_by_non_isothermal_calorimetric_technique_influence_of_extraction_method_water_concentration_and_heating_rate">Gelatinization kinetics of rice starch studied by non-isothermal calorimetric technique: influence of extraction method, water concentration and heating rate</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Different rice starch samples were obtained varying extraction solution, soaking temperature and length. Gelatinization properties were determined at different water concentrations by differential scanning calorimetry at constant heating... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_65434006" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Different rice starch samples were obtained varying extraction solution, soaking temperature and length. Gelatinization properties were determined at different water concentrations by differential scanning calorimetry at constant heating rate, revealing no influence by the extraction parameters. Gelatinization kinetics were studied on starch extracted for 6 h with 0.2% NaOH, at 30°C with the aim of comparing some mathematical methods, in order to find whether this technique could be used to estimate the kinetic parameters. Activation energy and order of reaction were calculated at different water:starch ratios and heating rates, to partly simulate the wide variety of conditions for processes where starch gelatinization is involved. Water content influenced both gelatinization enthalpy and E a , while heating rate influenced the temperature. Non-isothermal DSC was able to characterize the gelatinization process only if the kinetics of the process were already known, since all the tested models well fitted experimental data but gave quite different values of E a .</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/65434006" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5727467deceb5ee1c5d61af5f0f70c2a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":77033262,"asset_id":65434006,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/77033262/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="19180874" href="https://unicatt.academia.edu/giorgiaspigno">giorgia spigno</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="19180874" type="text/json">{"id":19180874,"first_name":"giorgia","last_name":"spigno","domain_name":"unicatt","page_name":"giorgiaspigno","display_name":"giorgia spigno","profile_url":"https://unicatt.academia.edu/giorgiaspigno?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_65434006 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="65434006"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 65434006, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_65434006", }); 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Gelatinization properties were determined at different water concentrations by differential scanning calorimetry at constant heating rate, revealing no influence by the extraction parameters. Gelatinization kinetics were studied on starch extracted for 6 h with 0.2% NaOH, at 30°C with the aim of comparing some mathematical methods, in order to find whether this technique could be used to estimate the kinetic parameters. Activation energy and order of reaction were calculated at different water:starch ratios and heating rates, to partly simulate the wide variety of conditions for processes where starch gelatinization is involved. Water content influenced both gelatinization enthalpy and E a , while heating rate influenced the temperature. Non-isothermal DSC was able to characterize the gelatinization process only if the kinetics of the process were already known, since all the tested models well fitted experimental data but gave quite different values of E a .","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":77033262,"asset_id":65434006,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":19180874,"first_name":"giorgia","last_name":"spigno","domain_name":"unicatt","page_name":"giorgiaspigno","display_name":"giorgia spigno","profile_url":"https://unicatt.academia.edu/giorgiaspigno?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":4468,"name":"Food Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":4987,"name":"Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":14925,"name":"Heat Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Treatment?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":48127,"name":"Concentration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Concentration?f_ri=139262"},{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262"},{"id":87401,"name":"Rice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rice?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":147640,"name":"Activation Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Activation_Energy?f_ri=139262"},{"id":237339,"name":"EXTRACTION","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EXTRACTION?f_ri=139262"},{"id":291387,"name":"Mathematical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Model?f_ri=139262"},{"id":573653,"name":"Food Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Sciences?f_ri=139262"},{"id":683707,"name":"Extraction Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Extraction_Method?f_ri=139262"},{"id":845678,"name":"Water Content","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Content?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1120502,"name":"Experimental Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Data?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1167882,"name":"Kinetic Parameter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetic_Parameter?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1939646" data-work_id="1939646" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1939646/Antimony_oxide_based_glasses">Antimony oxide based glasses</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Glass formation has been investigated in binary systems based on antimony oxide as the main glass former: 100 À xSb 2 O 3 ±xWO 3 , 5 < x < 65, 100 À xSb 2 O 3 ±xSbPO 4 , 5 < x < 80 and 100 À xSb 2 O 3 ±xSbPO 3 3 n , 10 < x < 40. Ternary... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1939646" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Glass formation has been investigated in binary systems based on antimony oxide as the main glass former: 100 À xSb 2 O 3 ±xWO 3 , 5 < x < 65, 100 À xSb 2 O 3 ±xSbPO 4 , 5 < x < 80 and 100 À xSb 2 O 3 ±xSbPO 3 3 n , 10 < x < 40. Ternary systems derived from the Sb 2 O 3 ±WO 3 binary glass have also been studied: Sb 2 O 3 ±WO 3 ±BaF 2 , Sb 2 O 3 ±WO 3 ±NaF and Sb 2 O 3 ±WO 3 ±SbPO 3 3 n . Glass transition temperature ranges from 280°C to 380°C. It increases as the concentration in tungsten oxide or antimony phosphate increases. Refractive index is larger than 2. Tungsten-containing glasses are yellow in transmission and turn green at the largest WO 3 content. Optical transmission and temperatures of glass transition, T g , onset of the crystallization, T x , and maximum of crystallization, T p , have been measured using dierential scanning calorimetry (DSC). These glasses have potential photonic applications. Ó (M. Poulain). 0022-3093/01/$ -see front matter Ó 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PII: S 0 0 2 2 -3 0 9 3 ( 0 1 ) 0 0 3 8 8 -X</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1939646" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="46cc018bde3a7c912fcd28853eb546f2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":27951932,"asset_id":1939646,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/27951932/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2510309" href="https://unesp.academia.edu/SidneyRibeiro">Sidney Ribeiro</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2510309" type="text/json">{"id":2510309,"first_name":"Sidney","last_name":"Ribeiro","domain_name":"unesp","page_name":"SidneyRibeiro","display_name":"Sidney Ribeiro","profile_url":"https://unesp.academia.edu/SidneyRibeiro?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1939646 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1939646"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1939646, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1939646", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1939646]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1939646").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1939646").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1939646"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="78753" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry">Differential scanning calorimetry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="78753" type="text/json">{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139262" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC">DSC</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139262" type="text/json">{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="150216" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Non_crystalline_solids">Non crystalline solids</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="150216" type="text/json">{"id":150216,"name":"Non crystalline solids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Non_crystalline_solids?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1939646]'), work: {"id":1939646,"title":"Antimony oxide based glasses","created_at":"2012-09-16T00:28:32.446-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1939646/Antimony_oxide_based_glasses?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_1939646","summary":"Glass formation has been investigated in binary systems based on antimony oxide as the main glass former: 100 À xSb 2 O 3 ±xWO 3 , 5 \u003c x \u003c 65, 100 À xSb 2 O 3 ±xSbPO 4 , 5 \u003c x \u003c 80 and 100 À xSb 2 O 3 ±xSbPO 3 3 n , 10 \u003c x \u003c 40. Ternary systems derived from the Sb 2 O 3 ±WO 3 binary glass have also been studied: Sb 2 O 3 ±WO 3 ±BaF 2 , Sb 2 O 3 ±WO 3 ±NaF and Sb 2 O 3 ±WO 3 ±SbPO 3 3 n . Glass transition temperature ranges from 280°C to 380°C. It increases as the concentration in tungsten oxide or antimony phosphate increases. Refractive index is larger than 2. Tungsten-containing glasses are yellow in transmission and turn green at the largest WO 3 content. Optical transmission and temperatures of glass transition, T g , onset of the crystallization, T x , and maximum of crystallization, T p , have been measured using dierential scanning calorimetry (DSC). These glasses have potential photonic applications. Ó (M. Poulain). 0022-3093/01/$ -see front matter Ó 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PII: S 0 0 2 2 -3 0 9 3 ( 0 1 ) 0 0 3 8 8 -X","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":27951932,"asset_id":1939646,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2510309,"first_name":"Sidney","last_name":"Ribeiro","domain_name":"unesp","page_name":"SidneyRibeiro","display_name":"Sidney Ribeiro","profile_url":"https://unesp.academia.edu/SidneyRibeiro?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":150216,"name":"Non crystalline solids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Non_crystalline_solids?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":151141,"name":"Refractive Index","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Refractive_Index?f_ri=139262"},{"id":255665,"name":"Non","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Non?f_ri=139262"},{"id":282351,"name":"Glass Transition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glass_Transition?f_ri=139262"},{"id":335228,"name":"Glass Transition Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glass_Transition_Temperature?f_ri=139262"},{"id":389180,"name":"Thermal Stability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Stability?f_ri=139262"},{"id":624252,"name":"Tungsten Oxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tungsten_Oxide?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1188179" data-work_id="1188179" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1188179/Production_and_characterization_of_poly_vinyl_alcohol_poly_vinylpyrrolidone_iodine_poly_ethylene_glycol_electrospun_fibers_with_hydroxypropyl_methyl_cellulose_and_aloe_vera_as_promising_material_for_wound_dressing">Production and characterization of poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(vinylpyrrolidone) iodine/poly(ethylene glycol) electrospun fibers with (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose and aloe vera as promising material for wound dressing</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Biocompatible poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly (vinylpyrrolidone) iodine/poly(ethylene glycol) fibers containing (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose (HPMC) and aloe vera were successfully prepared by electrospinning their aqueous solution. Aloe vera... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1188179" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Biocompatible poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly (vinylpyrrolidone) iodine/poly(ethylene glycol) fibers containing (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose (HPMC) and aloe vera were successfully prepared by electrospinning their aqueous solution. Aloe vera which is known to be effective in the treatment of various wounds was added to the polymer solution. HPMC was added to the system as the water retention agent. The hybrid fiber mats were subjected to detailed analysis using a differential scanning calorimeter, a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. Images obtained from the SEM showed that the polymer fibers were linear, homogenous, and contained no beading. The fiber diameters ranged between 100 and 900 nm. It was seen that the electrospun mats obtained could potentially be used as a material for dressing wounds. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1188179" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d7ff15e6285551c2752c8df39c7768e0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":9056674,"asset_id":1188179,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/9056674/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="820891" href="https://gazi.academia.edu/ibrahimUSLU">Prof.Dr. İbrahim USLU</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="820891" type="text/json">{"id":820891,"first_name":"Prof.Dr. İbrahim","last_name":"USLU","domain_name":"gazi","page_name":"ibrahimUSLU","display_name":"Prof.Dr. İbrahim USLU","profile_url":"https://gazi.academia.edu/ibrahimUSLU?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/820891/285303/337453/s65__brahim.uslu.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1188179 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1188179"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1188179, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1188179", }); 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Aloe vera which is known to be effective in the treatment of various wounds was added to the polymer solution. HPMC was added to the system as the water retention agent. The hybrid fiber mats were subjected to detailed analysis using a differential scanning calorimeter, a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. Images obtained from the SEM showed that the polymer fibers were linear, homogenous, and contained no beading. The fiber diameters ranged between 100 and 900 nm. It was seen that the electrospun mats obtained could potentially be used as a material for dressing wounds. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":9056674,"asset_id":1188179,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":820891,"first_name":"Prof.Dr. İbrahim","last_name":"USLU","domain_name":"gazi","page_name":"ibrahimUSLU","display_name":"Prof.Dr. İbrahim USLU","profile_url":"https://gazi.academia.edu/ibrahimUSLU?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/820891/285303/337453/s65__brahim.uslu.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":59,"name":"Polymer Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":2526,"name":"Polymer Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_Chemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":2620,"name":"Composite Materials and Structures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Composite_Materials_and_Structures?f_ri=139262"},{"id":2720,"name":"Polymer science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_science?f_ri=139262"},{"id":3848,"name":"Nanomaterials Characterization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanomaterials_Characterization?f_ri=139262"},{"id":5304,"name":"Nanofibers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanofibers?f_ri=139262"},{"id":7835,"name":"Nanobiotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanobiotechnology?f_ri=139262"},{"id":10650,"name":"Materials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials?f_ri=139262"},{"id":10651,"name":"Materials 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Nanocomposites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_Nanocomposites?f_ri=139262"},{"id":53201,"name":"SEM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SEM?f_ri=139262"},{"id":54670,"name":"FTIR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR?f_ri=139262"},{"id":103213,"name":"Nanoscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanoscience?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":178380,"name":"HPMC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/HPMC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":349105,"name":"Polyethylene Glycol","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polyethylene_Glycol?f_ri=139262"},{"id":377581,"name":"Aloe Vera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aloe_Vera?f_ri=139262"},{"id":381123,"name":"Novel wound dressings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Novel_wound_dressings?f_ri=139262"},{"id":386314,"name":"İbrahim","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ibrahim?f_ri=139262"},{"id":386315,"name":"Uslu","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Uslu?f_ri=139262"},{"id":386355,"name":"Electrospun","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrospun?f_ri=139262"},{"id":389153,"name":"Polyvinyl alcohol","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polyvinyl_alcohol?f_ri=139262"},{"id":390995,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscope","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscope?f_ri=139262"},{"id":394520,"name":"Homogenous","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Homogenous?f_ri=139262"},{"id":396364,"name":"Biocompatible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biocompatible?f_ri=139262"},{"id":396367,"name":"Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydroxypropyl_Methyl_Cellulose?f_ri=139262"},{"id":396368,"name":"Wounds","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wounds?f_ri=139262"},{"id":396369,"name":"Polymer Fibers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_Fibers?f_ri=139262"},{"id":396370,"name":"Electrospun Mats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrospun_Mats?f_ri=139262"},{"id":396371,"name":"Wound Dressing Material","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wound_Dressing_Material?f_ri=139262"},{"id":396373,"name":"Differential Scanning Calorimeter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_Scanning_Calorimeter?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36616787" data-work_id="36616787" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36616787/Measurements_of_PVC_composite_with_Corn_Cob_flour_additive">Measurements of PVC composite with Corn Cob flour additive</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">— Mechanical and thermo-analytical analysis carried out on the composites. In order to determine the relationships between structure and properties of composite, it is necessary to carry out different measurements. The tests were: tensile... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36616787" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">— Mechanical and thermo-analytical analysis carried out on the composites. In order to determine the relationships between structure and properties of composite, it is necessary to carry out different measurements. The tests were: tensile test, hardness test, thermal conductivity SEM, DSC and DMA. The results showed that the mixtures were inhomogeneous. The tensile and hardness test resulted that the composite has stronger structure and an increase in the strength values. From the thermo-analytical analysis the corn cob additive effect in the composite structure can be observed. The result of the DMA shows that the additive works as inactive filler, and does not change the glass transition temperature of the rigid PVC foam.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36616787" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a5d465be75d70fa8385122c708a415fa" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56546660,"asset_id":36616787,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56546660/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31785042" href="https://ijoer.academia.edu/IJOERResearchJournal">Engineering Journal Publication of Research work</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31785042" type="text/json">{"id":31785042,"first_name":"Engineering Journal","last_name":"Publication of Research work","domain_name":"ijoer","page_name":"IJOERResearchJournal","display_name":"Engineering Journal Publication of Research work","profile_url":"https://ijoer.academia.edu/IJOERResearchJournal?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31785042/9436714/10515385/s65_ijoer.research_journal.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36616787 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36616787"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36616787, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36616787", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36616787]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36616787").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36616787").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36616787"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="511" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science">Materials Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="511" type="text/json">{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4496" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Composites">Composites</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4496" type="text/json">{"id":4496,"name":"Composites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Composites?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19870" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research">Research</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="19870" type="text/json">{"id":19870,"name":"Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36616787]'), work: {"id":36616787,"title":"Measurements of PVC composite with Corn Cob flour additive","created_at":"2018-05-12T07:16:45.482-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36616787/Measurements_of_PVC_composite_with_Corn_Cob_flour_additive?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_36616787","summary":"— Mechanical and thermo-analytical analysis carried out on the composites. In order to determine the relationships between structure and properties of composite, it is necessary to carry out different measurements. The tests were: tensile test, hardness test, thermal conductivity SEM, DSC and DMA. The results showed that the mixtures were inhomogeneous. The tensile and hardness test resulted that the composite has stronger structure and an increase in the strength values. From the thermo-analytical analysis the corn cob additive effect in the composite structure can be observed. The result of the DMA shows that the additive works as inactive filler, and does not change the glass transition temperature of the rigid PVC foam.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56546660,"asset_id":36616787,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31785042,"first_name":"Engineering Journal","last_name":"Publication of Research work","domain_name":"ijoer","page_name":"IJOERResearchJournal","display_name":"Engineering Journal Publication of Research work","profile_url":"https://ijoer.academia.edu/IJOERResearchJournal?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31785042/9436714/10515385/s65_ijoer.research_journal.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":4496,"name":"Composites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Composites?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":19870,"name":"Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":325874,"name":"PVC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PVC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":432622,"name":"DMA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DMA?f_ri=139262"},{"id":955244,"name":"Foaming","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Foaming?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33943098" data-work_id="33943098" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33943098/Tyrosinase_catalyzed_modification_of_Bombyx_mori_silk_fibroin_grafting_of_chitosan_under_heterogeneous_reaction_conditions">Tyrosinase-catalyzed modification of Bombyx mori silk fibroin: grafting of chitosan under heterogeneous reaction conditions</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The capability of mushroom tyrosinase to catalyze the oxidation of tyrosine residues of Bombyx mori silk fibroin was studied under heterogeneous reaction conditions, by using a series of silk substrates differing in surface and bulk... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33943098" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The capability of mushroom tyrosinase to catalyze the oxidation of tyrosine residues of Bombyx mori silk fibroin was studied under heterogeneous reaction conditions, by using a series of silk substrates differing in surface and bulk morphology and structure, i.e. hydrated and insoluble gels, mechanically generated powder and fibre. Tyrosinase was able to oxidize 10-11% of the tyrosine residues of silk gels. The yield of the reaction was very low for the powder and undetectable for fibres. FT-Raman spectroscopy gave evidence of the oxidation reaction. New bands attributable to vibrations of oxidized tyrosine species (o-quinone) appeared, and the value of the I853/I829 intensity ratio of the tyrosine doublet changed following oxidation of tyrosine. The thermal behaviour of SF substrates was not affected by enzymatic oxidation. o-Quinones formed by tyrosinase onto gels and powder were able to undergo non-enzymatic coupling with chitosan. FT-IR and FT-Raman spectroscopy provided clear e...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33943098" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ec465b24cef57076dd7de01817e19717" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53906950,"asset_id":33943098,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53906950/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="66563507" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PaolaTaddei">Paola Taddei</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="66563507" type="text/json">{"id":66563507,"first_name":"Paola","last_name":"Taddei","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PaolaTaddei","display_name":"Paola Taddei","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PaolaTaddei?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33943098 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33943098"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33943098, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33943098", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33943098]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_33943098").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_33943098").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33943098"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">25</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="923" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology">Technology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="923" type="text/json">{"id":923,"name":"Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4987" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics">Kinetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4987" type="text/json">{"id":4987,"name":"Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5398" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biotechnology">Biotechnology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5398" type="text/json">{"id":5398,"name":"Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biotechnology?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33943098]'), work: {"id":33943098,"title":"Tyrosinase-catalyzed modification of Bombyx mori silk fibroin: grafting of chitosan under heterogeneous reaction conditions","created_at":"2017-07-19T08:38:13.266-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/33943098/Tyrosinase_catalyzed_modification_of_Bombyx_mori_silk_fibroin_grafting_of_chitosan_under_heterogeneous_reaction_conditions?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_33943098","summary":"The capability of mushroom tyrosinase to catalyze the oxidation of tyrosine residues of Bombyx mori silk fibroin was studied under heterogeneous reaction conditions, by using a series of silk substrates differing in surface and bulk morphology and structure, i.e. hydrated and insoluble gels, mechanically generated powder and fibre. Tyrosinase was able to oxidize 10-11% of the tyrosine residues of silk gels. The yield of the reaction was very low for the powder and undetectable for fibres. FT-Raman spectroscopy gave evidence of the oxidation reaction. New bands attributable to vibrations of oxidized tyrosine species (o-quinone) appeared, and the value of the I853/I829 intensity ratio of the tyrosine doublet changed following oxidation of tyrosine. The thermal behaviour of SF substrates was not affected by enzymatic oxidation. o-Quinones formed by tyrosinase onto gels and powder were able to undergo non-enzymatic coupling with chitosan. FT-IR and FT-Raman spectroscopy provided clear e...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53906950,"asset_id":33943098,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":66563507,"first_name":"Paola","last_name":"Taddei","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PaolaTaddei","display_name":"Paola Taddei","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PaolaTaddei?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":923,"name":"Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":4987,"name":"Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":5398,"name":"Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biotechnology?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":9130,"name":"Chitosan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chitosan?f_ri=139262"},{"id":9339,"name":"Raman Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Raman_Spectroscopy?f_ri=139262"},{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=139262"},{"id":31356,"name":"Lepidoptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lepidoptera?f_ri=139262"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=139262"},{"id":70476,"name":"Grafting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Grafting?f_ri=139262"},{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262"},{"id":80669,"name":"Silk","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Silk?f_ri=139262"},{"id":133177,"name":"Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":398650,"name":"Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fourier_transform_infrared_spectroscopy?f_ri=139262"},{"id":406753,"name":"Thermal behaviour of buildings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_behaviour_of_buildings?f_ri=139262"},{"id":868903,"name":"Silk fibroin protein","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Silk_fibroin_protein?f_ri=139262"},{"id":899568,"name":"Tyrosinase","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tyrosinase?f_ri=139262"},{"id":907359,"name":"Infrared Spectrometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infrared_Spectrometry?f_ri=139262"},{"id":963367,"name":"FT IR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FT_IR?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1031067,"name":"Biocompatible Materials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biocompatible_Materials?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1256747,"name":"Oxidation-Reduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidation-Reduction?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1288273,"name":"Fourier Transformation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fourier_Transformation?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1828675,"name":"Bombyx mori","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bombyx_mori?f_ri=139262"},{"id":2512175,"name":"thermal behaviour","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/thermal_behaviour?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_63442344" data-work_id="63442344" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/63442344/Thermo_physical_assessment_of_bread_during_staling">Thermo-physical assessment of bread during staling</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Staling of bread is a highly complex phenomenon that is not yet fully understood. This study examined the effect of staling on thermal (DSC) and thermo-physical (DMA) properties of bread. The staling process increased water migration from... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_63442344" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Staling of bread is a highly complex phenomenon that is not yet fully understood. This study examined the effect of staling on thermal (DSC) and thermo-physical (DMA) properties of bread. The staling process increased water migration from the crumb to the crust and increased unfreezable water (UFW) fraction. Amylopectin retrogradation incremented during bread staling, and it was showed that the loss in freezable water (FW) was caused from water incorporation into the starch crystalline structure and water migration from the crumb to the crust. DMA was able to follow the shrinking behavior of bread crumb during freezing. Crumb shrank through the entire cooling and freezing process. The matrix shifts through their freezing process incremented the rate of their contraction, probably due to the matrix dehydration as consequence of ice formation. The ageing process changes the thermo-mechanical profile of the crumb, and it was showed that a greater amount of retrogradated starch, affected significantly the contraction capacity of bread crumb.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/63442344" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e4edee4364b7ed70323c74b749e88f50" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":75871432,"asset_id":63442344,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75871432/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="35810016" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PabloRibotta">Pablo Ribotta</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="35810016" type="text/json">{"id":35810016,"first_name":"Pablo","last_name":"Ribotta","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PabloRibotta","display_name":"Pablo Ribotta","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PabloRibotta?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_63442344 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="63442344"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 63442344, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_63442344", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_63442344 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 63442344; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_63442344"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_63442344 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="63442344"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 63442344; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=63442344]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_63442344").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_63442344").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="63442344"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29980" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Production">Animal Production</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="29980" type="text/json">{"id":29980,"name":"Animal Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Production?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="78753" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry">Differential scanning calorimetry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="78753" type="text/json">{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139262" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC">DSC</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139262" type="text/json">{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="432622" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DMA">DMA</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="432622" type="text/json">{"id":432622,"name":"DMA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DMA?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=63442344]'), work: {"id":63442344,"title":"Thermo-physical assessment of bread during staling","created_at":"2021-12-07T05:04:12.205-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/63442344/Thermo_physical_assessment_of_bread_during_staling?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_63442344","summary":"Staling of bread is a highly complex phenomenon that is not yet fully understood. This study examined the effect of staling on thermal (DSC) and thermo-physical (DMA) properties of bread. The staling process increased water migration from the crumb to the crust and increased unfreezable water (UFW) fraction. Amylopectin retrogradation incremented during bread staling, and it was showed that the loss in freezable water (FW) was caused from water incorporation into the starch crystalline structure and water migration from the crumb to the crust. DMA was able to follow the shrinking behavior of bread crumb during freezing. Crumb shrank through the entire cooling and freezing process. The matrix shifts through their freezing process incremented the rate of their contraction, probably due to the matrix dehydration as consequence of ice formation. The ageing process changes the thermo-mechanical profile of the crumb, and it was showed that a greater amount of retrogradated starch, affected significantly the contraction capacity of bread crumb.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":75871432,"asset_id":63442344,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":35810016,"first_name":"Pablo","last_name":"Ribotta","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PabloRibotta","display_name":"Pablo Ribotta","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PabloRibotta?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":29980,"name":"Animal Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Production?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":432622,"name":"DMA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DMA?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":573653,"name":"Food Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Sciences?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48600758" data-work_id="48600758" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48600758/Process_for_production_of_high_density_high_performance_binderless_boards_from_whole_coconut_huskPart_1_Lignin_as_intrinsic_thermosetting_binder_resin">Process for production of high density/high performance binderless boards from whole coconut huskPart 1: Lignin as intrinsic thermosetting binder resin</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Coconuts are abundantly growing in coastal areas of tropical countries. The coconut husk is available in large quantities as residue from coconut production in many areas, which is yielding the coarse coir fibre. The husk comprises ca. 30... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_48600758" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Coconuts are abundantly growing in coastal areas of tropical countries. The coconut husk is available in large quantities as residue from coconut production in many areas, which is yielding the coarse coir fibre. The husk comprises ca. 30 wt.% coir fibres and 70 wt.% pith. Both fibre and pith are extremely high in lignin and phenolic content. The lignin is typically for monocotyledonous plants rich in syringyl with appreciable amounts of p-hydroxyphenyl units. The coir fibre is composed for at least one third of Klason lignin while lower molecular weight phenolics can be found as extractives in considerable amounts, especially in younger nuts. The thermal behaviour of the original (chemically unmodified) lignin in the plant tissues at temperatures above 140 • C, where it melts and shows thermosetting properties, has been investigated. This property of the coconut husk lignin was explored for application as intrinsic resin in board production, utilising whole fresh husks. Based on this concept, a simple and efficient technology has been developed to produce high strength-high density panels, without addition of chemical binders. Technical details will be reported in following papers.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48600758" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="23f6f06710cb4a54ec9f6452297cc09a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67128341,"asset_id":48600758,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67128341/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="110273042" href="https://independent.academia.edu/WouterTeunissen">Wouter Teunissen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="110273042" type="text/json">{"id":110273042,"first_name":"Wouter","last_name":"Teunissen","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WouterTeunissen","display_name":"Wouter Teunissen","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WouterTeunissen?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48600758 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48600758"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48600758, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48600758", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_48600758 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48600758; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_48600758"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_48600758 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="48600758"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48600758; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48600758]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_48600758").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_48600758").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="48600758"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="55117" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Industrial_Crops">Industrial Crops</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="55117" type="text/json">{"id":55117,"name":"Industrial Crops","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Industrial_Crops?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139262" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC">DSC</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139262" type="text/json">{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="195204" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/TGA">TGA</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="195204" type="text/json">{"id":195204,"name":"TGA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/TGA?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="242028" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Absorption">Water Absorption</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="242028" type="text/json">{"id":242028,"name":"Water Absorption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Absorption?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48600758]'), work: {"id":48600758,"title":"Process for production of high density/high performance binderless boards from whole coconut huskPart 1: Lignin as intrinsic thermosetting binder resin","created_at":"2021-05-05T00:16:20.732-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48600758/Process_for_production_of_high_density_high_performance_binderless_boards_from_whole_coconut_huskPart_1_Lignin_as_intrinsic_thermosetting_binder_resin?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_48600758","summary":"Coconuts are abundantly growing in coastal areas of tropical countries. The coconut husk is available in large quantities as residue from coconut production in many areas, which is yielding the coarse coir fibre. The husk comprises ca. 30 wt.% coir fibres and 70 wt.% pith. Both fibre and pith are extremely high in lignin and phenolic content. The lignin is typically for monocotyledonous plants rich in syringyl with appreciable amounts of p-hydroxyphenyl units. The coir fibre is composed for at least one third of Klason lignin while lower molecular weight phenolics can be found as extractives in considerable amounts, especially in younger nuts. The thermal behaviour of the original (chemically unmodified) lignin in the plant tissues at temperatures above 140 • C, where it melts and shows thermosetting properties, has been investigated. This property of the coconut husk lignin was explored for application as intrinsic resin in board production, utilising whole fresh husks. Based on this concept, a simple and efficient technology has been developed to produce high strength-high density panels, without addition of chemical binders. Technical details will be reported in following papers.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67128341,"asset_id":48600758,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":110273042,"first_name":"Wouter","last_name":"Teunissen","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WouterTeunissen","display_name":"Wouter Teunissen","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WouterTeunissen?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":55117,"name":"Industrial Crops","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Industrial_Crops?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":195204,"name":"TGA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/TGA?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":242028,"name":"Water Absorption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Absorption?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":297691,"name":"High performance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_performance?f_ri=139262"},{"id":695018,"name":"Molecular weight","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_weight?f_ri=139262"},{"id":772972,"name":"Chemical Composition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Composition?f_ri=139262"},{"id":837135,"name":"Cell Wall","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Wall?f_ri=139262"},{"id":854553,"name":"Thermal Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Properties?f_ri=139262"},{"id":973999,"name":"Tensile Strength","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tensile_Strength?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1205383,"name":"Thermosetting Polymers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermosetting_Polymers?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1228946,"name":"Physical Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_Properties?f_ri=139262"},{"id":2313637,"name":"Coastal Area","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coastal_Area?f_ri=139262"},{"id":2512175,"name":"thermal behaviour","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/thermal_behaviour?f_ri=139262"},{"id":2724508,"name":"Mechanical Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Property?f_ri=139262"},{"id":3340500,"name":"cross sectional area","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/cross_sectional_area?f_ri=139262"},{"id":3443535,"name":"High density","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_density?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_47384001" data-work_id="47384001" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/47384001/The_effect_of_variations_in_phospholipid_and_sterol_structure_on_the_nature_of_lipid_sterol_interactions_in_lipid_bilayer_model_membranes">The effect of variations in phospholipid and sterol structure on the nature of lipid–sterol interactions in lipid bilayer model membranes</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This review deals with the effect of variations in phospholipid and sterol structure on the nature and magnitude of lipid-sterol interactions in lipid bilayer model membranes. The first portion of the review covers the effect of Chol... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_47384001" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This review deals with the effect of variations in phospholipid and sterol structure on the nature and magnitude of lipid-sterol interactions in lipid bilayer model membranes. The first portion of the review covers the effect of Chol itself on the thermotropic phase behavior and organization of a variety of different glycero-and sphingolipid membrane lipid classes, varying in the structure and charge of their polar headgroups and in the length and structure of their fatty acyl chains. The second part of this review deals with the effect of variations in sterol structure on the thermotropic phase behavior and organization primarily of the well studied DPPC model membrane system. In the third section, we focus on some of the contributions of sterol functional group chemistry, molecular conformation and dynamics, to sterollipid interactions. Using those studies, we re-examine the results of recently published experimental and computer-modeling studies to provide a new more dynamic molecular interpretation of sterol-lipid interactions. We suggest that the established view of the rigid sterol ring system and extended alkyl side-chain obtained from physical studies of cholesterol-phospholipid mixtures may not apply in lipid mixtures differing in their sterol chemical structure. L is lauroyl, M is myristoyl, P is palmitoyl, S is stearoyl, A is arachidoyl, E is elaidoyl and O is oleoyl (DMPC is dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine, etc.); LC , lamellar crystalline phase with tilted hydrocarbon chains; L ␤ or L ␤ , planar lamellar gel state with tilted or untilted hydrocarbon chains, respectively; P ␤ , rippled gel state with titled hydrocarbon chains; L␣, lamellar liquid-crystalline state; Lo or L d , lamellar liquid-ordered or liquid-disordered state, respectively; Tp and Tm, the pretransition and main phase transition temperature, respectively; Hp and Hm, enthalpy of the pretransition and main phase transition, respectively; T 1/2 , width of the DSC endotherm at half height ( • C), which is inversely related to the cooperativity of the phase transition; Tm shp , phase transition temperature of the sharp component of the DSC endotherm corresponding to the sterol-poor bilayer regions; Tm brd , phase transition temperature of the broad component of the DSC endotherm corresponding to the sterol-rich bilayer regions; Hm shp , phase transition enthalpy of the sharp component of the DSC endotherm corresponding to the sterol-poor bilayer regions; Hm brd , phase transition enthalpy of the broad component of the DSC endotherm corresponding to the sterol-rich bilayer regions; DSC, differential scanning calorimetry; FTIR, Fourier transform infrared; NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/47384001" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2769463fb1b60f48118b0438182b8bba" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66503354,"asset_id":47384001,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66503354/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6511810" href="https://ualberta.academia.edu/DavidMannock">David A Mannock</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6511810" type="text/json">{"id":6511810,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Mannock","domain_name":"ualberta","page_name":"DavidMannock","display_name":"David A Mannock","profile_url":"https://ualberta.academia.edu/DavidMannock?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6511810/2882823/3367857/s65_david.mannock.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_47384001 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="47384001"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 47384001, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_47384001", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=47384001]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_47384001").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_47384001").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="47384001"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8501" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phospholipids">Phospholipids</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8501" type="text/json">{"id":8501,"name":"Phospholipids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phospholipids?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="54670" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR">FTIR</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="54670" type="text/json">{"id":54670,"name":"FTIR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="83558" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Erg">Erg</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="83558" type="text/json">{"id":83558,"name":"Erg","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Erg?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="85294" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Model">Computer Model</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="85294" type="text/json">{"id":85294,"name":"Computer Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Model?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=47384001]'), work: {"id":47384001,"title":"The effect of variations in phospholipid and sterol structure on the nature of lipid–sterol interactions in lipid bilayer model membranes","created_at":"2021-04-21T19:41:30.432-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/47384001/The_effect_of_variations_in_phospholipid_and_sterol_structure_on_the_nature_of_lipid_sterol_interactions_in_lipid_bilayer_model_membranes?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_47384001","summary":"This review deals with the effect of variations in phospholipid and sterol structure on the nature and magnitude of lipid-sterol interactions in lipid bilayer model membranes. The first portion of the review covers the effect of Chol itself on the thermotropic phase behavior and organization of a variety of different glycero-and sphingolipid membrane lipid classes, varying in the structure and charge of their polar headgroups and in the length and structure of their fatty acyl chains. The second part of this review deals with the effect of variations in sterol structure on the thermotropic phase behavior and organization primarily of the well studied DPPC model membrane system. In the third section, we focus on some of the contributions of sterol functional group chemistry, molecular conformation and dynamics, to sterollipid interactions. Using those studies, we re-examine the results of recently published experimental and computer-modeling studies to provide a new more dynamic molecular interpretation of sterol-lipid interactions. We suggest that the established view of the rigid sterol ring system and extended alkyl side-chain obtained from physical studies of cholesterol-phospholipid mixtures may not apply in lipid mixtures differing in their sterol chemical structure. L is lauroyl, M is myristoyl, P is palmitoyl, S is stearoyl, A is arachidoyl, E is elaidoyl and O is oleoyl (DMPC is dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine, etc.); LC , lamellar crystalline phase with tilted hydrocarbon chains; L ␤ or L ␤ , planar lamellar gel state with tilted or untilted hydrocarbon chains, respectively; P ␤ , rippled gel state with titled hydrocarbon chains; L␣, lamellar liquid-crystalline state; Lo or L d , lamellar liquid-ordered or liquid-disordered state, respectively; Tp and Tm, the pretransition and main phase transition temperature, respectively; Hp and Hm, enthalpy of the pretransition and main phase transition, respectively; T 1/2 , width of the DSC endotherm at half height ( • C), which is inversely related to the cooperativity of the phase transition; Tm shp , phase transition temperature of the sharp component of the DSC endotherm corresponding to the sterol-poor bilayer regions; Tm brd , phase transition temperature of the broad component of the DSC endotherm corresponding to the sterol-rich bilayer regions; Hm shp , phase transition enthalpy of the sharp component of the DSC endotherm corresponding to the sterol-poor bilayer regions; Hm brd , phase transition enthalpy of the broad component of the DSC endotherm corresponding to the sterol-rich bilayer regions; DSC, differential scanning calorimetry; FTIR, Fourier transform infrared; NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66503354,"asset_id":47384001,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6511810,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Mannock","domain_name":"ualberta","page_name":"DavidMannock","display_name":"David A Mannock","profile_url":"https://ualberta.academia.edu/DavidMannock?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6511810/2882823/3367857/s65_david.mannock.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8501,"name":"Phospholipids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phospholipids?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":54670,"name":"FTIR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":83558,"name":"Erg","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Erg?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":85294,"name":"Computer Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Model?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":114941,"name":"Nmr","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nmr?f_ri=139262"},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=139262"},{"id":130847,"name":"Sphingomyelin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sphingomyelin?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":186890,"name":"Spm","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spm?f_ri=139262"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=139262"},{"id":479207,"name":"Glycolipids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glycolipids?f_ri=139262"},{"id":519926,"name":"Functional Group","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Functional_Group?f_ri=139262"},{"id":758900,"name":"Lipid bilayers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lipid_bilayers?f_ri=139262"},{"id":809758,"name":"Sterols","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sterols?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1118241,"name":"Phase Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phase_Behavior?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1145644,"name":"Lipid Bilayer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lipid_Bilayer?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1431633,"name":"Chemical Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Structure?f_ri=139262"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4922689" data-work_id="4922689" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4922689/Ice_crystallization_and_freeze_tolerance_in_embryonic_stages_of_the_tardigrade_Milnesium_tardigradum">Ice crystallization and freeze tolerance in embryonic stages of the tardigrade Milnesium tardigradum</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In tardigrades, tolerance to low temperature is well known and allows them to cope with subzero temperatures in their environment. Although the ability to tolerate freezing body water has been demonstrated in some tardigrades, freeze... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4922689" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In tardigrades, tolerance to low temperature is well known and allows them to cope with subzero temperatures in their environment. Although the ability to tolerate freezing body water has been demonstrated in some tardigrades, freeze tolerance of embryonic stages has been little studied, although this has ecological significance. In this study, we evaluated the subzero temperature survival of five different developmental stages of the eutardigrade species Milnesium tardigradum after freezing to −30°C. Embryos were exposed to five different cooling rates between room temperature and −30°C at 1°C/h, 3°C/h, 5°C/h, 7°C/h, and 9°C/h followed by a warming period at 10°C/h. The results showed that the developmental stage and the cooling rate have a significant effect on the hatching rate. Less developed embryonic stages were more sensitive to freezing at higher freezing rates than more developed stages. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was used to determine the temperature of crystallization (Tc) in single embryos of the different developmental stages and revealed no differences between the stages. Based on the calorimetric data, we also conclude that the ice nucleation is homogeneous in embryonic stages in tardigrades, as also recently shown for fully developed tardigrades, and not triggered by nucleating agents.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4922689" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8cb59e704c13c4328fa6ffe7a753fe65" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49555924,"asset_id":4922689,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49555924/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6452744" href="https://uni-stuttgart.academia.edu/FBr%C3%BCmmer">Franz Brümmer</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6452744" type="text/json">{"id":6452744,"first_name":"Franz","last_name":"Brümmer","domain_name":"uni-stuttgart","page_name":"FBrümmer","display_name":"Franz Brümmer","profile_url":"https://uni-stuttgart.academia.edu/FBr%C3%BCmmer?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4922689 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4922689"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4922689, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4922689", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4922689]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4922689").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4922689").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4922689"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">21</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="167" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physiology">Physiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="167" type="text/json">{"id":167,"name":"Physiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physiology?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology">Zoology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="173" type="text/json">{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7051" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Invertebrates">Invertebrates</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7051" type="text/json">{"id":7051,"name":"Invertebrates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Invertebrates?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12597" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crystallization">Crystallization</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="12597" type="text/json">{"id":12597,"name":"Crystallization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crystallization?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4922689]'), work: {"id":4922689,"title":"Ice crystallization and freeze tolerance in embryonic stages of the tardigrade Milnesium tardigradum","created_at":"2013-10-29T01:56:12.489-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4922689/Ice_crystallization_and_freeze_tolerance_in_embryonic_stages_of_the_tardigrade_Milnesium_tardigradum?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_4922689","summary":"In tardigrades, tolerance to low temperature is well known and allows them to cope with subzero temperatures in their environment. Although the ability to tolerate freezing body water has been demonstrated in some tardigrades, freeze tolerance of embryonic stages has been little studied, although this has ecological significance. In this study, we evaluated the subzero temperature survival of five different developmental stages of the eutardigrade species Milnesium tardigradum after freezing to −30°C. Embryos were exposed to five different cooling rates between room temperature and −30°C at 1°C/h, 3°C/h, 5°C/h, 7°C/h, and 9°C/h followed by a warming period at 10°C/h. The results showed that the developmental stage and the cooling rate have a significant effect on the hatching rate. Less developed embryonic stages were more sensitive to freezing at higher freezing rates than more developed stages. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was used to determine the temperature of crystallization (Tc) in single embryos of the different developmental stages and revealed no differences between the stages. Based on the calorimetric data, we also conclude that the ice nucleation is homogeneous in embryonic stages in tardigrades, as also recently shown for fully developed tardigrades, and not triggered by nucleating agents.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49555924,"asset_id":4922689,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6452744,"first_name":"Franz","last_name":"Brümmer","domain_name":"uni-stuttgart","page_name":"FBrümmer","display_name":"Franz Brümmer","profile_url":"https://uni-stuttgart.academia.edu/FBr%C3%BCmmer?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":167,"name":"Physiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physiology?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":7051,"name":"Invertebrates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Invertebrates?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":12597,"name":"Crystallization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crystallization?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262"},{"id":95368,"name":"RH","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/RH?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":147636,"name":"Cooling Rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cooling_Rate?f_ri=139262"},{"id":197077,"name":"SCP","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SCP?f_ri=139262"},{"id":206750,"name":"Ice Nucleation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ice_Nucleation?f_ri=139262"},{"id":208859,"name":"Freezing Tolerance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Freezing_Tolerance?f_ri=139262"},{"id":211272,"name":"Ice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ice?f_ri=139262"},{"id":350983,"name":"Cold Tolerance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cold_Tolerance?f_ri=139262"},{"id":373754,"name":"Ecosystem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecosystem?f_ri=139262"},{"id":391252,"name":"Room Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Room_Temperature?f_ri=139262"},{"id":453528,"name":"Acclimatization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acclimatization?f_ri=139262"},{"id":616972,"name":"Low Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Low_Temperature?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1027717,"name":"Embryos","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Embryos?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1029221,"name":"Freezing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Freezing?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=139262"},{"id":2028336,"name":"Cold climate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cold_climate?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6832059" data-work_id="6832059" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6832059/Synthesis_of_polypyrrole_zinc_oxide_composites_and_study_of_their_structural_thermal_and_electrical_properties">Synthesis of polypyrrole/zinc oxide composites and study of their structural, thermal and electrical properties</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Intrinsically conducting PPy/ZnO composites were synthesized with varying amounts of zinc oxide (0-20 wt.%) via a facile chemical oxidation polymerization approach. These composites were characterized for their structure, thermal... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6832059" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Intrinsically conducting PPy/ZnO composites were synthesized with varying amounts of zinc oxide (0-20 wt.%) via a facile chemical oxidation polymerization approach. These composites were characterized for their structure, thermal stability, surface morphology and DC electrical conductivity by XRD, FT-IR, TGA, DSC, SEM and four-probe method respectively. FT-IR results show broadening and shifts of peaks towards lower wave numbers in all composites suggesting better conjugation and some chemical interactions between PPy and ZnO particles. Powder X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrated the amorphous nature of PPy and its composites as well with no indication of crystalline peaks. The percolation threshold for conductivity of PPy/ZnO composites was 15 wt.% of the volume fraction of PPy. SEM and TGA data suggest that PPy/ZnO composites have high thermal stability due to better conformation, compactness and reduction of grain boundary volume with zinc oxide particle loading that in parallel enhanced their DC conductivity.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6832059" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b9783ab526f0ebe2e7c1005cd5d2c7b8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48707678,"asset_id":6832059,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48707678/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11381975" href="https://jpiet.academia.edu/BabarAnwar">Babar Anwar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11381975" type="text/json">{"id":11381975,"first_name":"Babar","last_name":"Anwar","domain_name":"jpiet","page_name":"BabarAnwar","display_name":"Babar Anwar","profile_url":"https://jpiet.academia.edu/BabarAnwar?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6832059 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6832059"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6832059, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6832059", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6832059 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6832059; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6832059"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6832059 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6832059"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6832059; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6832059]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6832059").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6832059").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6832059"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="505" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Condensed_Matter_Physics">Condensed Matter Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="505" type="text/json">{"id":505,"name":"Condensed Matter Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Condensed_Matter_Physics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="53201" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SEM">SEM</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="53201" type="text/json">{"id":53201,"name":"SEM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SEM?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="58032" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zinc_Oxide">Zinc Oxide</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="58032" type="text/json">{"id":58032,"name":"Zinc Oxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zinc_Oxide?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6832059]'), work: {"id":6832059,"title":"Synthesis of polypyrrole/zinc oxide composites and study of their structural, thermal and electrical properties","created_at":"2014-04-22T02:45:53.134-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6832059/Synthesis_of_polypyrrole_zinc_oxide_composites_and_study_of_their_structural_thermal_and_electrical_properties?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_6832059","summary":"Intrinsically conducting PPy/ZnO composites were synthesized with varying amounts of zinc oxide (0-20 wt.%) via a facile chemical oxidation polymerization approach. These composites were characterized for their structure, thermal stability, surface morphology and DC electrical conductivity by XRD, FT-IR, TGA, DSC, SEM and four-probe method respectively. FT-IR results show broadening and shifts of peaks towards lower wave numbers in all composites suggesting better conjugation and some chemical interactions between PPy and ZnO particles. Powder X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrated the amorphous nature of PPy and its composites as well with no indication of crystalline peaks. The percolation threshold for conductivity of PPy/ZnO composites was 15 wt.% of the volume fraction of PPy. SEM and TGA data suggest that PPy/ZnO composites have high thermal stability due to better conformation, compactness and reduction of grain boundary volume with zinc oxide particle loading that in parallel enhanced their DC conductivity.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48707678,"asset_id":6832059,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11381975,"first_name":"Babar","last_name":"Anwar","domain_name":"jpiet","page_name":"BabarAnwar","display_name":"Babar Anwar","profile_url":"https://jpiet.academia.edu/BabarAnwar?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":505,"name":"Condensed Matter Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Condensed_Matter_Physics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":53201,"name":"SEM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SEM?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":58032,"name":"Zinc Oxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zinc_Oxide?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":122386,"name":"Composite","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Composite?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":186080,"name":"XRD","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD?f_ri=139262"},{"id":186264,"name":"Surface Morphology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surface_Morphology?f_ri=139262"},{"id":195204,"name":"TGA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/TGA?f_ri=139262"},{"id":198733,"name":"Powder X-Ray Diffraction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Powder_X-Ray_Diffraction?f_ri=139262"},{"id":243629,"name":"Lancet","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lancet?f_ri=139262"},{"id":379399,"name":"Grain Boundary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Grain_Boundary?f_ri=139262"},{"id":385916,"name":"Percolation threshold","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Percolation_threshold?f_ri=139262"},{"id":389180,"name":"Thermal Stability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Stability?f_ri=139262"},{"id":398654,"name":"Electrical Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_Properties?f_ri=139262"},{"id":963367,"name":"FT IR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FT_IR?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1202042,"name":"Electric Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electric_Conductivity?f_ri=139262"},{"id":2295024,"name":"Volume Fraction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Volume_Fraction?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_25770429" data-work_id="25770429" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25770429/Heat_capacities_of_urea_N_methylurea_N_ethylurea_N_n_propylurea_and_N_n_butylurea_in_the_range_200_to_360_K">Heat capacities of urea, N-methylurea, N-ethylurea, N-(n)propylurea, and N-(n)butylurea in the range 200 to 360 K</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The heat capacities at constant pressure of urea, N-methylurea, IV-ethylurea, N-(n)propylurea and N-(n)butylurea were measured by differential scanning calorimetry over the range 20& 360 K, in gas-flow conditions. A He + Ne mixture and N,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_25770429" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The heat capacities at constant pressure of urea, N-methylurea, IV-ethylurea, N-(n)propylurea and N-(n)butylurea were measured by differential scanning calorimetry over the range 20& 360 K, in gas-flow conditions. A He + Ne mixture and N, only were selected as the purge gases below and above room temperature, respectively. Benzoic acid was used as the reference material and the accuracy of the measurements was estimated to be within 2% across the temperature range. The heat capacities at 298.15 K were obtained by interpolating the smoothed fitting equations. No anomalies were detected for urea or N-methylurea.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/25770429" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f43777ea1e96adad624e86b587d1c214" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46127117,"asset_id":25770429,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46127117/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="49417536" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PaoloFerloni">Paolo L Ferloni</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="49417536" type="text/json">{"id":49417536,"first_name":"Paolo","last_name":"Ferloni","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PaoloFerloni","display_name":"Paolo L Ferloni","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PaoloFerloni?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_25770429 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="25770429"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 25770429, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_25770429", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_25770429 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 25770429; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_25770429"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_25770429 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="25770429"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 25770429; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=25770429]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_25770429").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_25770429").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="25770429"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="524" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry">Analytical Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="524" type="text/json">{"id":524,"name":"Analytical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38050" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phase_Transitions">Phase Transitions</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="38050" type="text/json">{"id":38050,"name":"Phase Transitions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phase_Transitions?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="78753" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry">Differential scanning calorimetry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="78753" type="text/json">{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139262" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC">DSC</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="139262" type="text/json">{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=25770429]'), work: {"id":25770429,"title":"Heat capacities of urea, N-methylurea, N-ethylurea, N-(n)propylurea, and N-(n)butylurea in the range 200 to 360 K","created_at":"2016-06-01T03:35:41.468-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/25770429/Heat_capacities_of_urea_N_methylurea_N_ethylurea_N_n_propylurea_and_N_n_butylurea_in_the_range_200_to_360_K?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_25770429","summary":"The heat capacities at constant pressure of urea, N-methylurea, IV-ethylurea, N-(n)propylurea and N-(n)butylurea were measured by differential scanning calorimetry over the range 20\u0026 360 K, in gas-flow conditions. A He + Ne mixture and N, only were selected as the purge gases below and above room temperature, respectively. Benzoic acid was used as the reference material and the accuracy of the measurements was estimated to be within 2% across the temperature range. The heat capacities at 298.15 K were obtained by interpolating the smoothed fitting equations. No anomalies were detected for urea or N-methylurea.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46127117,"asset_id":25770429,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":49417536,"first_name":"Paolo","last_name":"Ferloni","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PaoloFerloni","display_name":"Paolo L Ferloni","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PaoloFerloni?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":524,"name":"Analytical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":38050,"name":"Phase Transitions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phase_Transitions?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":173963,"name":"Phase transition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phase_transition?f_ri=139262"},{"id":308594,"name":"Heat Capacity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Capacity?f_ri=139262"},{"id":391252,"name":"Room Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Room_Temperature?f_ri=139262"},{"id":469092,"name":"Benzoic Acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Benzoic_Acid?f_ri=139262"},{"id":897122,"name":"Gas Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gas_Flow?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48832704" data-work_id="48832704" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48832704/Chemical_recycling_of_poly_methyl_methacrylate_by_pyrolysis_Potential_use_of_the_liquid_fraction_as_a_raw_material_for_the_reproduction_of_the_polymer">Chemical recycling of poly(methyl methacrylate) by pyrolysis. Potential use of the liquid fraction as a raw material for the reproduction of the polymer</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Pyrolysis of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was studied as an effective way to recycle this polymer and recover its monomer methyl methacrylate (MMA). Experiments were carried out in a laboratory fixed bed reactor using either a model... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_48832704" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Pyrolysis of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was studied as an effective way to recycle this polymer and recover its monomer methyl methacrylate (MMA). Experiments were carried out in a laboratory fixed bed reactor using either a model polymer or a commercial product based on PMMA as feedstock. Gaseous and liquid products obtained from polymer degradation were analysed and it was found that the oil fraction constituted mainly of the MMA monomer. Thus, the possibility of directly using the liquid product for the reproduction of the polymer was further investigated. Polymerizations accomplished in a differential scanning calorimeter using azo-bis-isobutyronitrile as initiator and different reaction temperatures. Results obtained were compared to corresponding data from polymerization of neat monomer. It was found that the pyrolysis liquid fraction can be polymerized and produce a polymer similar to the original PMMA. However, even small amounts of other organic compounds (mainly methyl esters) included in this fraction act as non-ideal reaction retarders, altering the reaction rate curve and lowering the glass transition temperature and the average molecular weight of the polymer produced.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48832704" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="161ba9e6369ff1cb1c6a9b65f4347720" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67252964,"asset_id":48832704,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67252964/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8692027" href="https://auth.academia.edu/DimitrisAchilias">Dimitris Achilias</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8692027" type="text/json">{"id":8692027,"first_name":"Dimitris","last_name":"Achilias","domain_name":"auth","page_name":"DimitrisAchilias","display_name":"Dimitris Achilias","profile_url":"https://auth.academia.edu/DimitrisAchilias?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8692027/2887276/3372582/s65_dimitris.achilias.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48832704 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48832704"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48832704, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48832704", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_48832704 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48832704; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_48832704"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_48832704 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="48832704"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48832704; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48832704]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_48832704").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_48832704").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="48832704"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4987" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics">Kinetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4987" type="text/json">{"id":4987,"name":"Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5645" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Recycling">Recycling</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5645" type="text/json">{"id":5645,"name":"Recycling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Recycling?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48832704]'), work: {"id":48832704,"title":"Chemical recycling of poly(methyl methacrylate) by pyrolysis. Potential use of the liquid fraction as a raw material for the reproduction of the polymer","created_at":"2021-05-07T10:50:09.866-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48832704/Chemical_recycling_of_poly_methyl_methacrylate_by_pyrolysis_Potential_use_of_the_liquid_fraction_as_a_raw_material_for_the_reproduction_of_the_polymer?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_48832704","summary":"Pyrolysis of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was studied as an effective way to recycle this polymer and recover its monomer methyl methacrylate (MMA). Experiments were carried out in a laboratory fixed bed reactor using either a model polymer or a commercial product based on PMMA as feedstock. Gaseous and liquid products obtained from polymer degradation were analysed and it was found that the oil fraction constituted mainly of the MMA monomer. Thus, the possibility of directly using the liquid product for the reproduction of the polymer was further investigated. Polymerizations accomplished in a differential scanning calorimeter using azo-bis-isobutyronitrile as initiator and different reaction temperatures. Results obtained were compared to corresponding data from polymerization of neat monomer. It was found that the pyrolysis liquid fraction can be polymerized and produce a polymer similar to the original PMMA. However, even small amounts of other organic compounds (mainly methyl esters) included in this fraction act as non-ideal reaction retarders, altering the reaction rate curve and lowering the glass transition temperature and the average molecular weight of the polymer produced.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67252964,"asset_id":48832704,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8692027,"first_name":"Dimitris","last_name":"Achilias","domain_name":"auth","page_name":"DimitrisAchilias","display_name":"Dimitris Achilias","profile_url":"https://auth.academia.edu/DimitrisAchilias?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8692027/2887276/3372582/s65_dimitris.achilias.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":4987,"name":"Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":5645,"name":"Recycling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Recycling?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":14136,"name":"Pyrolysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pyrolysis?f_ri=139262"},{"id":14925,"name":"Heat Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Treatment?f_ri=139262"},{"id":80691,"name":"Raw materials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Raw_materials?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":335228,"name":"Glass Transition Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glass_Transition_Temperature?f_ri=139262"},{"id":396373,"name":"Differential Scanning Calorimeter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_Scanning_Calorimeter?f_ri=139262"},{"id":410194,"name":"Waste Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Waste_Treatment?f_ri=139262"},{"id":695018,"name":"Molecular weight","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_weight?f_ri=139262"},{"id":778709,"name":"Reaction Rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reaction_Rate?f_ri=139262"},{"id":999279,"name":"Induction Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Induction_Period?f_ri=139262"},{"id":3842248,"name":"Free radical polymerization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Free_radical_polymerization?f_ri=139262"},{"id":3958166,"name":"Depolymerization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Depolymerization?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10367920" data-work_id="10367920" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10367920/PERENCANAAN_SISTEM_BTS_HOTEL_DCS_TSEL_1800_MHZ_DI_AREA_SENTUL_CITY">PERENCANAAN SISTEM BTS HOTEL DCS TSEL 1800 MHZ DI AREA SENTUL CITY</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">ABSTRAK BTS Hotel adalah sebuah konsep unik yang membantu dalam menyediakan konektivitas di lokasi di mana mendirikan menara tidak diizinkan karena berbagai peraturan atau persyaratan keamanan. BTS Hotel merupakan gabungan atau... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10367920" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">ABSTRAK<br />BTS Hotel adalah sebuah konsep unik yang membantu dalam menyediakan konektivitas di lokasi di mana mendirikan menara tidak diizinkan karena berbagai peraturan atau persyaratan keamanan. BTS Hotel merupakan gabungan atau pengembangan dari microcell, repeater, teknologi pole atau mikro tower, camouflage antenna, camouflage pole ,power sharing. Menentukan penempatan pole, diperlukan terlebih dulu drive-test untuk mengetahui kualitas signal di area yang dilakukan pengetesan. Dengan demikian maka akan bisa diperkirakan penempatan pole dimana saja.<br />Kata Kunci : BTS HOTEL, Link Budget<br /><br />ABSTRACT<br />BTS Hotel is a unique concept that helps in providing connectivity in locations where towers are not permitted to set up for various regulatory or security requirements. BTS Hotel is a combination or the development of microcells, repeaters, micro-technology pole or tower, antenna camouflage, camouflage pole, power sharing. Determine the placement of the pole, it is necessary first drive-test to determine the signal quality in the area who do the testing. Thus, the pole placement will be expected anywhere.<br />Keywords: BTS HOTEL, Link Budget.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10367920" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f366f2fba42ecf7802b65e616576b71a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36434899,"asset_id":10367920,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36434899/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25483360" href="https://akademitelkom.academia.edu/AkademiTelkomJakartaPublikasi">Akademi Telkom Jakarta Publikasi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25483360" type="text/json">{"id":25483360,"first_name":"Akademi Telkom Jakarta","last_name":"Publikasi","domain_name":"akademitelkom","page_name":"AkademiTelkomJakartaPublikasi","display_name":"Akademi Telkom Jakarta Publikasi","profile_url":"https://akademitelkom.academia.edu/AkademiTelkomJakartaPublikasi?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/25483360/6959409/7848473/s65_akademi_telkom_jakarta.publikasi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10367920 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10367920"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10367920, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10367920", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10367920]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10367920").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10367920").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10367920"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="87" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Telecommunications_Engineering">Telecommunications Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="87" type="text/json">{"id":87,"name":"Telecommunications Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Telecommunications_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3974" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Telecommunications">Telecommunications</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3974" type="text/json">{"id":3974,"name":"Telecommunications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Telecommunications?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139262" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC">DSC</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139262" type="text/json">{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="472015" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Link_Budget">Link Budget</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="472015" type="text/json">{"id":472015,"name":"Link Budget","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Link_Budget?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10367920]'), work: {"id":10367920,"title":"PERENCANAAN SISTEM BTS HOTEL DCS TSEL 1800 MHZ DI AREA SENTUL CITY","created_at":"2015-01-28T22:38:40.631-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10367920/PERENCANAAN_SISTEM_BTS_HOTEL_DCS_TSEL_1800_MHZ_DI_AREA_SENTUL_CITY?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_10367920","summary":"ABSTRAK\nBTS Hotel adalah sebuah konsep unik yang membantu dalam menyediakan konektivitas di lokasi di mana mendirikan menara tidak diizinkan karena berbagai peraturan atau persyaratan keamanan. BTS Hotel merupakan gabungan atau pengembangan dari microcell, repeater, teknologi pole atau mikro tower, camouflage antenna, camouflage pole ,power sharing. Menentukan penempatan pole, diperlukan terlebih dulu drive-test untuk mengetahui kualitas signal di area yang dilakukan pengetesan. Dengan demikian maka akan bisa diperkirakan penempatan pole dimana saja.\nKata Kunci : BTS HOTEL, Link Budget\n\nABSTRACT\nBTS Hotel is a unique concept that helps in providing connectivity in locations where towers are not permitted to set up for various regulatory or security requirements. BTS Hotel is a combination or the development of microcells, repeaters, micro-technology pole or tower, antenna camouflage, camouflage pole, power sharing. Determine the placement of the pole, it is necessary first drive-test to determine the signal quality in the area who do the testing. Thus, the pole placement will be expected anywhere.\nKeywords: BTS HOTEL, Link Budget.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36434899,"asset_id":10367920,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":25483360,"first_name":"Akademi Telkom Jakarta","last_name":"Publikasi","domain_name":"akademitelkom","page_name":"AkademiTelkomJakartaPublikasi","display_name":"Akademi Telkom Jakarta Publikasi","profile_url":"https://akademitelkom.academia.edu/AkademiTelkomJakartaPublikasi?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/25483360/6959409/7848473/s65_akademi_telkom_jakarta.publikasi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":87,"name":"Telecommunications Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Telecommunications_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":3974,"name":"Telecommunications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Telecommunications?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":472015,"name":"Link Budget","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Link_Budget?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_22809551" data-work_id="22809551" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22809551/Photo_Induced_Linkage_Isomerism_of_Transition_Metal_Nitrosyl_and_Dinitrogen_Complexes_Studied_by_Photocrystallographic_Techniques">Photo-Induced Linkage Isomerism of Transition Metal Nitrosyl and Dinitrogen Complexes Studied by Photocrystallographic Techniques</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">AbstractÐNew metastable species are formed by low-temperature irradiation of crystals of transition metal nitrosyl complexes. In the work described, photocrystallographic techniques, in which crystals are exposed in situ, are combined... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_22809551" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">AbstractÐNew metastable species are formed by low-temperature irradiation of crystals of transition metal nitrosyl complexes. In the work described, photocrystallographic techniques, in which crystals are exposed in situ, are combined with differential scanning calorimetry measurements, IR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. The new species are identi®ed as isonitrosyl and h 2 -NO linkage isomers, which revert to the ground state on subsequent warming. The stability of the linkage isomers increases with increasing p-withdrawing ability of the ligand trans to NO, indicating the crucial role of electronic factors in determining relative stability of the isomers of different complexes. Isomers with decay temperatures up to ,08C have been prepared. Solid state effects are evident from comparison of the behavior of different salts of the same ion, of sodiumnitroprusside in the neat crystal and in a co-crystal with 18-crown-6 ether, and from the observation of different photochemical behavior when [Ru(NO)(NH 3 ) 5 ](NO 3 ) 3 is absorbed in a sol±gel glass. The two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit of [Ni(NO)(h 5 -Cp p )] show different orientations of the h 2 -NO ligand after irradiation, the difference being related to the shape of the reaction cavities at the two sites. A previously unknown side-on binding mode, similar to that occurring for NO, has been discovered for the dinitrogen ligand in [Os(NH 3 ) 5 (N 2 )][PF 6 ] 2 , indicating the potential of the techniques used in the search for new species and novel binding modes of transition metal atoms. q</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/22809551" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="93bc6247c1c839136d6cb036b61b7684" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43358732,"asset_id":22809551,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43358732/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="44458796" href="https://buffalo.academia.edu/PhilipCoppens">Philip Coppens</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="44458796" type="text/json">{"id":44458796,"first_name":"Philip","last_name":"Coppens","domain_name":"buffalo","page_name":"PhilipCoppens","display_name":"Philip Coppens","profile_url":"https://buffalo.academia.edu/PhilipCoppens?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_22809551 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="22809551"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22809551, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_22809551", }); 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In the work described, photocrystallographic techniques, in which crystals are exposed in situ, are combined with differential scanning calorimetry measurements, IR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. The new species are identi®ed as isonitrosyl and h 2 -NO linkage isomers, which revert to the ground state on subsequent warming. The stability of the linkage isomers increases with increasing p-withdrawing ability of the ligand trans to NO, indicating the crucial role of electronic factors in determining relative stability of the isomers of different complexes. Isomers with decay temperatures up to ,08C have been prepared. Solid state effects are evident from comparison of the behavior of different salts of the same ion, of sodiumnitroprusside in the neat crystal and in a co-crystal with 18-crown-6 ether, and from the observation of different photochemical behavior when [Ru(NO)(NH 3 ) 5 ](NO 3 ) 3 is absorbed in a sol±gel glass. The two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit of [Ni(NO)(h 5 -Cp p )] show different orientations of the h 2 -NO ligand after irradiation, the difference being related to the shape of the reaction cavities at the two sites. A previously unknown side-on binding mode, similar to that occurring for NO, has been discovered for the dinitrogen ligand in [Os(NH 3 ) 5 (N 2 )][PF 6 ] 2 , indicating the potential of the techniques used in the search for new species and novel binding modes of transition metal atoms. q","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43358732,"asset_id":22809551,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":44458796,"first_name":"Philip","last_name":"Coppens","domain_name":"buffalo","page_name":"PhilipCoppens","display_name":"Philip Coppens","profile_url":"https://buffalo.academia.edu/PhilipCoppens?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":531,"name":"Organic Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Organic_Chemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":78842,"name":"Infrared spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infrared_spectroscopy?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":435190,"name":"Tetrahedron","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tetrahedron?f_ri=139262"},{"id":448421,"name":"IR Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/IR_Spectroscopy?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10378769" data-work_id="10378769" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10378769/The_effect_of_high_pressure_treatment_on_rheological_characteristics_and_colour_of_mango_pulp">The effect of high pressure treatment on rheological characteristics and colour of mango pulp</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The effect of high-pressure (HP) treatment (100–400 MPa for 15 or 30 min at 20 °C) on the rheological characteristics and colour of fresh and canned mango pulps was evaluated. Differences were observed in the rheological behaviour of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10378769" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The effect of high-pressure (HP) treatment (100–400 MPa for 15 or 30 min at 20 °C) on the rheological characteristics and colour of fresh and canned mango pulps was evaluated. Differences were observed in the rheological behaviour of fresh and canned mango pulps treated with HP. Shear stress–shear rate data of pulps were well described by the Herschel–Bulkley model. The consistency index (K) of fresh pulp increased with pressure level from 100 to 200 MPa while a steady decrease was noticed for canned pulp. For fresh pulp the flow behaviour index decreased with pressure treatment whereas an increasing trend was observed with canned pulp. Storage and loss moduli of treated fresh pulp with HP increased linearly with angular frequency up to 200 MPa for a treatment time of 30 min while a steady decreasing trend was found for processed pulp. No significant variation in colour was observed during pressure treatment.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10378769" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="441ee6e1ef0652108a60f98454e29838" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47422232,"asset_id":10378769,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47422232/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25527492" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HosahalliRamaswamy">Hosahalli Ramaswamy</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25527492" type="text/json">{"id":25527492,"first_name":"Hosahalli","last_name":"Ramaswamy","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HosahalliRamaswamy","display_name":"Hosahalli Ramaswamy","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HosahalliRamaswamy?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10378769 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10378769"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10378769, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10378769", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_10378769 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10378769; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_10378769"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_10378769 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="10378769"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10378769; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10378769]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10378769").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10378769").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10378769"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">34</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4107" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Pressure">High Pressure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4107" type="text/json">{"id":4107,"name":"High Pressure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Pressure?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7598" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rheology">Rheology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7598" type="text/json">{"id":7598,"name":"Rheology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rheology?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7871" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR_spectroscopy">FTIR spectroscopy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7871" type="text/json">{"id":7871,"name":"FTIR spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR_spectroscopy?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10378769]'), work: {"id":10378769,"title":"The effect of high pressure treatment on rheological characteristics and colour of mango pulp","created_at":"2015-01-29T18:36:49.263-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10378769/The_effect_of_high_pressure_treatment_on_rheological_characteristics_and_colour_of_mango_pulp?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_10378769","summary":"The effect of high-pressure (HP) treatment (100–400 MPa for 15 or 30 min at 20 °C) on the rheological characteristics and colour of fresh and canned mango pulps was evaluated. Differences were observed in the rheological behaviour of fresh and canned mango pulps treated with HP. Shear stress–shear rate data of pulps were well described by the Herschel–Bulkley model. The consistency index (K) of fresh pulp increased with pressure level from 100 to 200 MPa while a steady decrease was noticed for canned pulp. For fresh pulp the flow behaviour index decreased with pressure treatment whereas an increasing trend was observed with canned pulp. Storage and loss moduli of treated fresh pulp with HP increased linearly with angular frequency up to 200 MPa for a treatment time of 30 min while a steady decreasing trend was found for processed pulp. No significant variation in colour was observed during pressure treatment.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47422232,"asset_id":10378769,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":25527492,"first_name":"Hosahalli","last_name":"Ramaswamy","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HosahalliRamaswamy","display_name":"Hosahalli Ramaswamy","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HosahalliRamaswamy?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":4107,"name":"High Pressure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Pressure?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":7598,"name":"Rheology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rheology?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":7871,"name":"FTIR spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR_spectroscopy?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":9729,"name":"Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress?f_ri=139262"},{"id":18783,"name":"Pulp","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pulp?f_ri=139262"},{"id":34478,"name":"Food Science and Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Science_and_Technology?f_ri=139262"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=139262"},{"id":54670,"name":"FTIR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR?f_ri=139262"},{"id":87401,"name":"Rice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rice?f_ri=139262"},{"id":113890,"name":"Power Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_Law?f_ri=139262"},{"id":114712,"name":"Enthalpy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enthalpy?f_ri=139262"},{"id":129121,"name":"Yield","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Yield?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":160676,"name":"Consistency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consistency?f_ri=139262"},{"id":213801,"name":"Structural Change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Structural_Change?f_ri=139262"},{"id":214830,"name":"Cereal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cereal?f_ri=139262"},{"id":335228,"name":"Glass Transition Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glass_Transition_Temperature?f_ri=139262"},{"id":337175,"name":"Secondary Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Secondary_Structure?f_ri=139262"},{"id":371425,"name":"Electrophoresis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrophoresis?f_ri=139262"},{"id":389180,"name":"Thermal Stability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Stability?f_ri=139262"},{"id":396373,"name":"Differential Scanning Calorimeter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_Scanning_Calorimeter?f_ri=139262"},{"id":573653,"name":"Food Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Sciences?f_ri=139262"},{"id":586110,"name":"Elastic Modulus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elastic_Modulus?f_ri=139262"},{"id":602093,"name":"High pressure processing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_pressure_processing?f_ri=139262"},{"id":789709,"name":"Yield stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Yield_stress?f_ri=139262"},{"id":967765,"name":"Complex Viscosity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complex_Viscosity?f_ri=139262"},{"id":975992,"name":"Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polyacrylamide_Gel_Electrophoresis?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1186541,"name":"Protein Denaturation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Denaturation?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1308376,"name":"Coefficient","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coefficient?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1324013,"name":"Cereal Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cereal_Science?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1779195,"name":"Food Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Properties?f_ri=139262"},{"id":2069261,"name":"Gelatinization Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gelatinization_Temperature?f_ri=139262"},{"id":2243423,"name":"Fourier transform infrared","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fourier_transform_infrared?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_26871307 coauthored" data-work_id="26871307" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26871307/Understanding_vitrification_during_cure_of_epoxy_resins_using_dynamic_scanning_calorimetry_and_rheological_techniques">Understanding vitrification during cure of epoxy resins using dynamic scanning calorimetry and rheological techniques</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The gelation and vitrification transitions during cure of an epoxy-amine system are examined using rheological, modulated differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and FTIR techniques. The results from dynamic mechanical analysis show that... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_26871307" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The gelation and vitrification transitions during cure of an epoxy-amine system are examined using rheological, modulated differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and FTIR techniques. The results from dynamic mechanical analysis show that gelation is observed before vitrification at all temperatures where it can be rheologically defined. By comparing different rheological criteria for vitrification, it is seen that the vitrification transition is a gradual process that extends over a large part of cure at all temperatures where it occurs. Results from modulated DSC measurements show that the calorimetric vitrification times are longer than the vitrification times obtained from rheological measurements at cure temperatures above 100ЊC, but that at lower temperatures calorimetric vitrification occurs before, or at the same time as, rheological vitrification. Theoretical gelation times, estimated from FTIR conversion data, were found to be consistently shorter than the observed gelation times. Theoretical vitrification times agreed well with the observed times. The magnitude of the vitrification transition, expressed either as amount of change in heat capacity or as maximum value of loss tangent, was found to decrease approximately linearly with increasing cure temperature. ᭧</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/26871307" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e5490707018071df11ab39b1ed0d383c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47137533,"asset_id":26871307,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47137533/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="27444704" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NaraAltmann">Nara Altmann</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="27444704" type="text/json">{"id":27444704,"first_name":"Nara","last_name":"Altmann","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NaraAltmann","display_name":"Nara Altmann","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NaraAltmann?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27444704/7812318/8754850/s65_nara.altmann.jpg_oh_0672810a46011df6758509dd761b5b51_oe_5585d4a1___gda___1434937440_0de310446deff7eebd9eab08cd6158de"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-26871307">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-26871307"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/KellyCamilla">Camilla Kelly</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-26871307'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-26871307').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_26871307 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="26871307"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26871307, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_26871307", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_26871307 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26871307; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_26871307"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_26871307 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26871307"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26871307; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26871307]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_26871307").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_26871307").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="26871307"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2720" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_science">Polymer science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2720" type="text/json">{"id":2720,"name":"Polymer science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_science?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48936" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/TIME">TIME</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48936" type="text/json">{"id":48936,"name":"TIME","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/TIME?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="58527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer">Polymer</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="58527" type="text/json">{"id":58527,"name":"Polymer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=26871307]'), work: {"id":26871307,"title":"Understanding vitrification during cure of epoxy resins using dynamic scanning calorimetry and rheological techniques","created_at":"2016-07-10T06:35:15.664-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/26871307/Understanding_vitrification_during_cure_of_epoxy_resins_using_dynamic_scanning_calorimetry_and_rheological_techniques?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_26871307","summary":"The gelation and vitrification transitions during cure of an epoxy-amine system are examined using rheological, modulated differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and FTIR techniques. The results from dynamic mechanical analysis show that gelation is observed before vitrification at all temperatures where it can be rheologically defined. By comparing different rheological criteria for vitrification, it is seen that the vitrification transition is a gradual process that extends over a large part of cure at all temperatures where it occurs. Results from modulated DSC measurements show that the calorimetric vitrification times are longer than the vitrification times obtained from rheological measurements at cure temperatures above 100ЊC, but that at lower temperatures calorimetric vitrification occurs before, or at the same time as, rheological vitrification. Theoretical gelation times, estimated from FTIR conversion data, were found to be consistently shorter than the observed gelation times. Theoretical vitrification times agreed well with the observed times. The magnitude of the vitrification transition, expressed either as amount of change in heat capacity or as maximum value of loss tangent, was found to decrease approximately linearly with increasing cure temperature. ᭧","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47137533,"asset_id":26871307,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":27444704,"first_name":"Nara","last_name":"Altmann","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NaraAltmann","display_name":"Nara Altmann","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NaraAltmann?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27444704/7812318/8754850/s65_nara.altmann.jpg_oh_0672810a46011df6758509dd761b5b51_oe_5585d4a1___gda___1434937440_0de310446deff7eebd9eab08cd6158de"},{"id":50892355,"first_name":"Camilla","last_name":"Kelly","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KellyCamilla","display_name":"Camilla Kelly","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KellyCamilla?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":2720,"name":"Polymer science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_science?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":48936,"name":"TIME","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/TIME?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":58527,"name":"Polymer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":160102,"name":"Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Systems?f_ri=139262"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=139262"},{"id":308594,"name":"Heat Capacity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Capacity?f_ri=139262"},{"id":335228,"name":"Glass Transition Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glass_Transition_Temperature?f_ri=139262"},{"id":621517,"name":"Time","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time-2?f_ri=139262"},{"id":632908,"name":"Epoxy Resin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epoxy_Resin?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1431635,"name":"Dynamic Mechanical Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dynamic_Mechanical_Analysis?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14973650 coauthored" data-work_id="14973650" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14973650/Degradation_of_post_consumer_polypropylene_materials_exposed_to_simulated_recycling_mechanical_properties">Degradation of post-consumer polypropylene materials exposed to simulated recycling—mechanical properties</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Two post-consumer polypropylene (PP) materials have been examined and compared using a simulated recycling test procedure consisting of repeated cycles of alternating extrusion and accelerated thermo-oxidative ageing. The materials were... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14973650" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Two post-consumer polypropylene (PP) materials have been examined and compared using a simulated recycling test procedure consisting of repeated cycles of alternating extrusion and accelerated thermo-oxidative ageing. The materials were also subjected to repeated extrusion and thermo-oxidative ageing separately. The materials were characterized by mechanical and chemical properties, such as elongation-at-break, oxidative induction temperature, carbonyl index and changes in molecular weight distributions. The different batches of recycled PP differed substantially in terms of durability and recycling potential. This illustrates one of the problems involved in handling recycled materials i.e. different batches and material streams may differ quite a lot. Interestingly, the elongation-at-break was significantly different for samples taken after ageing and extrusion, respectively. The elongation decreased upon each ageing step, and increased as a result of the subsequent extrusion. Furthermore, the combination of extrusion and ageing tended to degrade the materials faster compared to ageing or repeated extrusion performed separately. #</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14973650" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4429289b0877aaa09fada016726c94bf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43685193,"asset_id":14973650,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43685193/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34065750" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AnnaJansson1">Anna Jansson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34065750" type="text/json">{"id":34065750,"first_name":"Anna","last_name":"Jansson","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AnnaJansson1","display_name":"Anna Jansson","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnnaJansson1?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-14973650">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-14973650"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/KennethM%C3%B6ller">Kenneth Möller</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-14973650'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-14973650').html(); 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The materials were also subjected to repeated extrusion and thermo-oxidative ageing separately. The materials were characterized by mechanical and chemical properties, such as elongation-at-break, oxidative induction temperature, carbonyl index and changes in molecular weight distributions. The different batches of recycled PP differed substantially in terms of durability and recycling potential. This illustrates one of the problems involved in handling recycled materials i.e. different batches and material streams may differ quite a lot. Interestingly, the elongation-at-break was significantly different for samples taken after ageing and extrusion, respectively. The elongation decreased upon each ageing step, and increased as a result of the subsequent extrusion. Furthermore, the combination of extrusion and ageing tended to degrade the materials faster compared to ageing or repeated extrusion performed separately. #","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43685193,"asset_id":14973650,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34065750,"first_name":"Anna","last_name":"Jansson","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AnnaJansson1","display_name":"Anna Jansson","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnnaJansson1?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":33968905,"first_name":"Kenneth","last_name":"Möller","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KennethMöller","display_name":"Kenneth Möller","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KennethM%C3%B6ller?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":5645,"name":"Recycling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Recycling?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":35816,"name":"POlymer degradation and stability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/POlymer_degradation_and_stability?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":54670,"name":"FTIR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":163878,"name":"Degradation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Degradation?f_ri=139262"},{"id":168695,"name":"Polypropylene","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polypropylene?f_ri=139262"},{"id":335946,"name":"Sec","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sec?f_ri=139262"},{"id":574614,"name":"Tensile testing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tensile_testing?f_ri=139262"},{"id":704293,"name":"Chemical Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Properties?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1330652,"name":"Tensile Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tensile_Test?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1431843,"name":"Molecular Weight Distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Weight_Distribution?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13013882" data-work_id="13013882" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13013882/Denaturation_and_aggregation_processes_in_thermal_gelation_of_whey_proteins_resolved_by_differential_scanning_calorimetry">Denaturation and aggregation processes in thermal gelation of whey proteins resolved by differential scanning calorimetry</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Gelation of globular proteins on heating involves two separate stages. The first is partial unfolding (denaturation) of the native globular structure; the second is intermolecular aggregation. Denaturation involves dissociation of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13013882" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Gelation of globular proteins on heating involves two separate stages. The first is partial unfolding (denaturation) of the native globular structure; the second is intermolecular aggregation. Denaturation involves dissociation of intramolecular bonds (non-covalent and, in some cases, disulfide) and is therefore an endothermic process. The aggregation step involves formation of new bonds between protein molecules, and would therefore be expected to give a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) exotherm on heating, but numerous previous studies of the thermal gelation of whey proteins, carried out on conventional (fast scanning) DSC calorimeters (typical sample mass $15-50 mg), have shown only endothermic transitions. In the present work, however, we have observed the endothermic (denaturation) and exothermic (aggregation) processes in thermogelation of whey protein isolate (WPI) as separate transitions in DSC heating traces recorded on a Setaram microcalorimeter (sample mass $850 mg). Under conditions where aggregation occurs much more slowly than denaturation (low protein concentration; low ionic strength) the two transitions are well resolved, with the exotherm from aggregation following the endotherm from denaturation. The position of the exotherm, however, appears to be time-dependent rather than temperature-dependent. On reduction in heating rate, the apparent peak-maximum temperature of the aggregation exotherm decreases towards the (essentially constant) position of the denaturation endotherm, and, at sufficiently low scan rates, the exotherm becomes obscured by the more intense endotherm. Progressive displacement of the exotherm into the temperature range of the denaturation endotherm also occurs in response to changes that accelerate intermolecular aggregation and accompanying gelation (addition of salt; increasing protein concentration). The absence of a detectable exotherm in previous studies using conventional calorimeters is attributed to the much smaller sample mass than in the Setaram instrument, giving much faster heat transfer, which may cause the exothermic heat flow from the slow aggregation process to be swamped by the endothermic heat flow from the more rapid denaturation process. r</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13013882" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ec9bb12e0573503f0f8dd8386b99deab" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45775225,"asset_id":13013882,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45775225/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32238975" href="https://ucc-ie.academia.edu/DanielMulvihill">Daniel Mulvihill</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32238975" type="text/json">{"id":32238975,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Mulvihill","domain_name":"ucc-ie","page_name":"DanielMulvihill","display_name":"Daniel Mulvihill","profile_url":"https://ucc-ie.academia.edu/DanielMulvihill?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13013882 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13013882"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13013882, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13013882", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=13013882]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_13013882").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_13013882").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="13013882"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8067" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer">Heat Transfer</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8067" type="text/json">{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="78753" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry">Differential scanning calorimetry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="78753" type="text/json">{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139262" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC">DSC</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139262" type="text/json">{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="247487" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature_Dependence">Temperature Dependence</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="247487" type="text/json">{"id":247487,"name":"Temperature Dependence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature_Dependence?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13013882]'), work: {"id":13013882,"title":"Denaturation and aggregation processes in thermal gelation of whey proteins resolved by differential scanning calorimetry","created_at":"2015-06-16T00:55:29.642-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13013882/Denaturation_and_aggregation_processes_in_thermal_gelation_of_whey_proteins_resolved_by_differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_13013882","summary":"Gelation of globular proteins on heating involves two separate stages. The first is partial unfolding (denaturation) of the native globular structure; the second is intermolecular aggregation. Denaturation involves dissociation of intramolecular bonds (non-covalent and, in some cases, disulfide) and is therefore an endothermic process. The aggregation step involves formation of new bonds between protein molecules, and would therefore be expected to give a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) exotherm on heating, but numerous previous studies of the thermal gelation of whey proteins, carried out on conventional (fast scanning) DSC calorimeters (typical sample mass $15-50 mg), have shown only endothermic transitions. In the present work, however, we have observed the endothermic (denaturation) and exothermic (aggregation) processes in thermogelation of whey protein isolate (WPI) as separate transitions in DSC heating traces recorded on a Setaram microcalorimeter (sample mass $850 mg). Under conditions where aggregation occurs much more slowly than denaturation (low protein concentration; low ionic strength) the two transitions are well resolved, with the exotherm from aggregation following the endotherm from denaturation. The position of the exotherm, however, appears to be time-dependent rather than temperature-dependent. On reduction in heating rate, the apparent peak-maximum temperature of the aggregation exotherm decreases towards the (essentially constant) position of the denaturation endotherm, and, at sufficiently low scan rates, the exotherm becomes obscured by the more intense endotherm. Progressive displacement of the exotherm into the temperature range of the denaturation endotherm also occurs in response to changes that accelerate intermolecular aggregation and accompanying gelation (addition of salt; increasing protein concentration). The absence of a detectable exotherm in previous studies using conventional calorimeters is attributed to the much smaller sample mass than in the Setaram instrument, giving much faster heat transfer, which may cause the exothermic heat flow from the slow aggregation process to be swamped by the endothermic heat flow from the more rapid denaturation process. r","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45775225,"asset_id":13013882,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32238975,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Mulvihill","domain_name":"ucc-ie","page_name":"DanielMulvihill","display_name":"Daniel Mulvihill","profile_url":"https://ucc-ie.academia.edu/DanielMulvihill?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":247487,"name":"Temperature Dependence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature_Dependence?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":386998,"name":"Heat Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Flow?f_ri=139262"},{"id":394477,"name":"Time Dependent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_Dependent?f_ri=139262"},{"id":573653,"name":"Food Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Sciences?f_ri=139262"},{"id":677739,"name":"Calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Calorimetry?f_ri=139262"},{"id":746346,"name":"Whey Protein","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Whey_Protein?f_ri=139262"},{"id":910336,"name":"Food Hydrocolloids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Hydrocolloids?f_ri=139262"},{"id":970774,"name":"Ionic Strength","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ionic_Strength?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29063472 coauthored" data-work_id="29063472" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29063472/Thermal_decomposition_kinetics_of_4_10_Dinitro_2_6_8_12_tetraoxa_4_10_diazatetracyclo_5_5_0_05_903_11_dodecane_TEX_An_energetic_nitramine_oxidizer">Thermal decomposition kinetics of 4,10-Dinitro-2,6,8,12-tetraoxa-4,10-diazatetracyclo[5.5.0.05,903,11]dodecane (TEX) : An energetic nitramine oxidizer</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Since the early 2000 millennium there is an increased quest for the development of more energetic and environmental friendly high energy density molecules. This has resulted in the synthesis of thousands of new energetic molecules. Caged... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_29063472" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Since the early 2000 millennium there is an increased quest for the development of more energetic and environmental friendly high energy density molecules. This has resulted in the synthesis of thousands of new energetic molecules. Caged or strained molecules and polynitrogen compounds constitute a major part of these interesting energetic molecules. However, excepting a few, all these molecules irrespective of their performance suffer from one drawback of sensitivity towards various stimuli. The molecule 4,10-Dinitro-2,6,8,12-tetraoxa-4,10-diazatetracyclo[5.5.0.05,903,11]dodecane (TEX) exhibits highest density among known N-nitramines, and a very high detonation velocity, while it is insensitive towards shock, impact and friction. TEX being an insensitive high density material, understanding the thermal decomposition kinetics of TEX is of practical interest. Isoconversional kinetic analysis, a method of studying thermally stimulated processes, involves evaluating the dependence of the effective activation energy on the extent of conversion. This information used for exploring the mechanisms of the processes has been emerged as a handy tool for kinetic analyses. The present study employs a non-linear integral isoconversional method to understand the decomposition kinetics of TEX. The data obtained from TGA, DTA and DSC are compared with the computed activation energy values and possible decomposition pathway is proposed and the results are discussed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29063472" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5f1688ff4d8120d437023fc55939651f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49524045,"asset_id":29063472,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49524045/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="177788" href="https://uohyd.academia.edu/AnujVargeese">Anuj Vargeese</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="177788" type="text/json">{"id":177788,"first_name":"Anuj","last_name":"Vargeese","domain_name":"uohyd","page_name":"AnujVargeese","display_name":"Anuj Vargeese","profile_url":"https://uohyd.academia.edu/AnujVargeese?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/177788/44104/10371321/s65_anuj.vargeese.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-29063472">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-29063472"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/SanthoshReddyMandha">Santhosh Reddy Mandha</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-29063472'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-29063472').html(); 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This has resulted in the synthesis of thousands of new energetic molecules. Caged or strained molecules and polynitrogen compounds constitute a major part of these interesting energetic molecules. However, excepting a few, all these molecules irrespective of their performance suffer from one drawback of sensitivity towards various stimuli. The molecule 4,10-Dinitro-2,6,8,12-tetraoxa-4,10-diazatetracyclo[5.5.0.05,903,11]dodecane (TEX) exhibits highest density among known N-nitramines, and a very high detonation velocity, while it is insensitive towards shock, impact and friction. TEX being an insensitive high density material, understanding the thermal decomposition kinetics of TEX is of practical interest. Isoconversional kinetic analysis, a method of studying thermally stimulated processes, involves evaluating the dependence of the effective activation energy on the extent of conversion. This information used for exploring the mechanisms of the processes has been emerged as a handy tool for kinetic analyses. The present study employs a non-linear integral isoconversional method to understand the decomposition kinetics of TEX. The data obtained from TGA, DTA and DSC are compared with the computed activation energy values and possible decomposition pathway is proposed and the results are discussed.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49524045,"asset_id":29063472,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":177788,"first_name":"Anuj","last_name":"Vargeese","domain_name":"uohyd","page_name":"AnujVargeese","display_name":"Anuj Vargeese","profile_url":"https://uohyd.academia.edu/AnujVargeese?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/177788/44104/10371321/s65_anuj.vargeese.jpg"},{"id":58467769,"first_name":"Santhosh Reddy","last_name":"Mandha","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SanthoshReddyMandha","display_name":"Santhosh Reddy Mandha","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SanthoshReddyMandha?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4987,"name":"Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":195204,"name":"TGA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/TGA?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":1256802,"name":"High Energy Materials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Energy_Materials?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10368156" data-work_id="10368156" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10368156/THREE_PHASE_INDUCTION_MOTOR_DRIVE_USING_IGBTs_AND_CONSTANT_V_F_METHOD">THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVE USING IGBTs AND CONSTANT V/F METHOD</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper presents design and analysis of a three phase induction motor drive using IGBT"s at the inverter power stage with volts hertz control (V/F) in closed loop using dsPIC30F2010 as a controller. It is a 16 bit high-performance... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10368156" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper presents design and analysis of a three phase induction motor drive using IGBT"s at the inverter power stage with volts hertz control (V/F) in closed loop using dsPIC30F2010 as a controller. It is a 16 bit high-performance digital signal controller (DSC). DSC is a single chip embedded controller that integrates the controller attributes of a microcontroller with the computation and throughput capabilities of a DSP in a single core. A 1HP, 3-phase, 415V, 50Hz induction motor is used as load for the inverter. Digital Storage Oscilloscope Textronix TDS2024B is used to record and analyze the various waveforms. The experimental results for V/F control of 3-Phase induction motor using dsPIC30F2010 chip clearly shows constant volts per hertz and stable inverter line to line output voltage. Keywords---DSC, constant volts per hertz, PWM inverter, ACIM.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10368156" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f68b4a03f9a2d025fbe6f88e8c4a6690" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36435167,"asset_id":10368156,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36435167/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25487708" href="https://independent.academia.edu/YosiEsu">Yosi Esu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25487708" type="text/json">{"id":25487708,"first_name":"Yosi","last_name":"Esu","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"YosiEsu","display_name":"Yosi Esu","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/YosiEsu?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10368156 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10368156"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10368156, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10368156", }); 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It is a 16 bit high-performance digital signal controller (DSC). DSC is a single chip embedded controller that integrates the controller attributes of a microcontroller with the computation and throughput capabilities of a DSP in a single core. A 1HP, 3-phase, 415V, 50Hz induction motor is used as load for the inverter. Digital Storage Oscilloscope Textronix TDS2024B is used to record and analyze the various waveforms. The experimental results for V/F control of 3-Phase induction motor using dsPIC30F2010 chip clearly shows constant volts per hertz and stable inverter line to line output voltage. Keywords---DSC, constant volts per hertz, PWM inverter, ACIM.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36435167,"asset_id":10368156,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":25487708,"first_name":"Yosi","last_name":"Esu","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"YosiEsu","display_name":"Yosi Esu","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/YosiEsu?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":49,"name":"Electrical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":78,"name":"Control Systems Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Control_Systems_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":2738,"name":"Renewable Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renewable_Energy?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":6203,"name":"Electronics \u0026 Telecommunication Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electronics_and_Telecommunication_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":30596,"name":"Control Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Control_Systems?f_ri=139262"},{"id":94330,"name":"PWM inverter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PWM_inverter?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":680024,"name":"ACIM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ACIM?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1224548,"name":"Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_and_Computer_Engineering_ECE_?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15107206" data-work_id="15107206" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15107206/The_dehydration_of_phosphates_monitored_by_DSC_TGA_and_in_situ_Raman_spectroscopy">The dehydration of phosphates monitored by DSC/TGA and in situ Raman spectroscopy</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Phosphates can be thermally dehydrated to polyphosphates or metaphosphates. This is an important reaction in the preparation of glasses, catalysts and¯ame retardants. In this study, we have monitored the dehydration process of potassium... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15107206" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Phosphates can be thermally dehydrated to polyphosphates or metaphosphates. This is an important reaction in the preparation of glasses, catalysts and¯ame retardants. In this study, we have monitored the dehydration process of potassium and sodium dihydrogen phosphates, using in situ Raman spectroscopy, thermal analysis, X-ray powder diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. We obtained a good correlation between the thermal data and the structural phase transitions observed during the reactions, using Raman and infrared spectroscopy. Deuteration of the samples assisted us in assigning some of the vibrational bands. #</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15107206" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="555199f1d1a317792706eb7224e87d96" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43578168,"asset_id":15107206,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43578168/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34137194" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PrinslooLinda">Linda Prinsloo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34137194" type="text/json">{"id":34137194,"first_name":"Linda","last_name":"Prinsloo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PrinslooLinda","display_name":"Linda Prinsloo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PrinslooLinda?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15107206 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15107206"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15107206, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15107206", }); 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This is an important reaction in the preparation of glasses, catalysts and¯ame retardants. In this study, we have monitored the dehydration process of potassium and sodium dihydrogen phosphates, using in situ Raman spectroscopy, thermal analysis, X-ray powder diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. We obtained a good correlation between the thermal data and the structural phase transitions observed during the reactions, using Raman and infrared spectroscopy. Deuteration of the samples assisted us in assigning some of the vibrational bands. #","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43578168,"asset_id":15107206,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34137194,"first_name":"Linda","last_name":"Prinsloo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PrinslooLinda","display_name":"Linda Prinsloo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PrinslooLinda?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":524,"name":"Analytical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":9339,"name":"Raman Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Raman_Spectroscopy?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":78753,"name":"Differential scanning calorimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_scanning_calorimetry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":78842,"name":"Infrared spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infrared_spectroscopy?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":79047,"name":"Raman","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Raman?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":160656,"name":"Potassium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Potassium?f_ri=139262"},{"id":195204,"name":"TGA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/TGA?f_ri=139262"},{"id":246949,"name":"Thermogravimetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermogravimetry?f_ri=139262"},{"id":317239,"name":"Thermal Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Analysis?f_ri=139262"},{"id":396851,"name":"Flame Retardant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flame_Retardant?f_ri=139262"},{"id":2240987,"name":"X ray powder diffraction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X_ray_powder_diffraction?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10012465" data-work_id="10012465" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10012465/Corporate_Governance_Practices_on_Pharmaceutical_Companies_in_Bangladesh_Listed_In_DSE">Corporate Governance Practices on Pharmaceutical Companies in Bangladesh Listed In DSE</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this report we have discussed about the 5 years capital structure of 10 companies and compare the ratios of these companies to industry average. For this reason at first we have found out the degree of leverage because it helped to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10012465" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this report we have discussed about the 5 years capital structure of 10 companies and compare the ratios of these companies to industry average. For this reason at first we have found out the degree of leverage because it helped to show the effect of financing the firm with debt versus common stock and the joint effect of operating and financial leverage on EPS.<br />To find out the leverage we analyzed the sales, EBIT, number of shares outstanding of these companies. Then we have found out the 5 years TIE and Debt ratios of these companies. These ratios are used to compare the industry average. Ratio Analysis is a form of Financial Statement Analysis that is used to obtain a quick indication of a firm's financial performance in several key areas. <br />At last we have analyzed the signaling of these companies to know the favorable or unfavorable situations of these companies. This report is very essential for investors to know which company is profitable or not for investment because this report evaluates financial position of a company.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10012465" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a819441161144abc06abb443a45a0b5f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36148609,"asset_id":10012465,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36148609/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15828881" href="https://pstu.academia.edu/AshifNawaz">Ashif Nawaz</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15828881" type="text/json">{"id":15828881,"first_name":"Ashif","last_name":"Nawaz","domain_name":"pstu","page_name":"AshifNawaz","display_name":"Ashif Nawaz","profile_url":"https://pstu.academia.edu/AshifNawaz?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15828881/6572859/7431406/s65_ashif.nawaz.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10012465 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10012465"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10012465, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10012465", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10012465]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10012465").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10012465").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10012465"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business">Business</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26" type="text/json">{"id":26,"name":"Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management">Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="38" type="text/json">{"id":38,"name":"Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="45" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_Administration">Business Administration</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="45" type="text/json">{"id":45,"name":"Business Administration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_Administration?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finance">Finance</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="47" type="text/json">{"id":47,"name":"Finance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finance?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10012465]'), work: {"id":10012465,"title":"Corporate Governance Practices on Pharmaceutical Companies in Bangladesh Listed In DSE","created_at":"2015-01-05T04:02:02.252-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10012465/Corporate_Governance_Practices_on_Pharmaceutical_Companies_in_Bangladesh_Listed_In_DSE?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_10012465","summary":"In this report we have discussed about the 5 years capital structure of 10 companies and compare the ratios of these companies to industry average. For this reason at first we have found out the degree of leverage because it helped to show the effect of financing the firm with debt versus common stock and the joint effect of operating and financial leverage on EPS.\nTo find out the leverage we analyzed the sales, EBIT, number of shares outstanding of these companies. Then we have found out the 5 years TIE and Debt ratios of these companies. These ratios are used to compare the industry average. Ratio Analysis is a form of Financial Statement Analysis that is used to obtain a quick indication of a firm's financial performance in several key areas. \nAt last we have analyzed the signaling of these companies to know the favorable or unfavorable situations of these companies. This report is very essential for investors to know which company is profitable or not for investment because this report evaluates financial position of a company.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36148609,"asset_id":10012465,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15828881,"first_name":"Ashif","last_name":"Nawaz","domain_name":"pstu","page_name":"AshifNawaz","display_name":"Ashif Nawaz","profile_url":"https://pstu.academia.edu/AshifNawaz?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15828881/6572859/7431406/s65_ashif.nawaz.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26,"name":"Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":38,"name":"Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":45,"name":"Business Administration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_Administration?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":47,"name":"Finance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finance?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":748,"name":"Financial Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Financial_Economics?f_ri=139262"},{"id":4167,"name":"Corporate Governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corporate_Governance?f_ri=139262"},{"id":7702,"name":"Financial management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Financial_management?f_ri=139262"},{"id":63586,"name":"Managerial Finance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Managerial_Finance?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35844925" data-work_id="35844925" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35844925/PhD_Thesis_On_the_crystallization_of_pharmaceutical_semicrystalline_dispersions">PhD Thesis - On the crystallization of pharmaceutical semicrystalline dispersions</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A general introduction of the research topic is presented in Chapter 1, starting with the identification of low aqueous solubility of drug compounds as currently one of the most frequent and greatest challenges the pharmaceutical industry... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35844925" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A general introduction of the research topic is presented in Chapter 1, starting with the identification of low aqueous solubility of drug compounds as currently one of the most frequent and greatest challenges the pharmaceutical industry is facing, followed by introducing solid dispersions as a powerful strategy to formulate poorly water soluble drugs. Subsequently, semicrystalline dispersions are discussed. Various aspects of these specific systems are discussed, including the structure of carrier and drug-carrier dispersions, the importance of both drug and carrier in dictating the behavior of the systems, the influence of drug-carrier composition and interactions, the crystallization and dissolution of carrier, the impact of polymer molecular weight and other factors. A background in solid state crystallization and polymorphism is also provided.<br /><br />Chapter 2 points out the overall and specific objectives of the project in order to expand our mechanistic understanding about the crystallization behavior of both drug and carrier in their binary semicrystalline dispersions.<br /><br />Investigation of the crystallization kinetics of solid dispersions made up of IMC and PEG containing high drug loadings is the focus of Chapter 3. In this chapter, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray powder diffraction was used to describe the influence of drug loading on the crystallization behavior of dispersions made up of IMC and PEG. It has been found that increasing the IMC content resulted in stronger crystallization inhibition of the polymer. At 52% drug loading, the crystallization of PEG was completely inhibited. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first detailed investigation of the crystallization inhibition effect of a low molecular weight drug on a semicrystalline polymer in their dispersions. In mixtures containing up to 55% indomethacin, the dispersions exhibited distinct glass transition events resulting from amorphous-amorphous phase separation which generates polymer-rich and drug-rich domains upon the solidification of supercooled PEG whereas samples containing at least 60% drug showed a single amorphous phase during the period in which crystallization normally occurs.<br /><br />In Chapter 4, we study the possibility of drug-carrier interactions to explain the inhibition effect of IMC on PEG crystallization. We also aim to discover other potential PEG crystallization inhibitors. Drug-carrier interactions in both liquid and solid state were characterized by variable temperature Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and cross-polarization magic angle spinning 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (CP/MAS NMR). In the liquid state, FTIR data showed evidence of the breaking of hydrogen bonds between IMC molecules to form interactions of the IMC monomer with PEG. The drug-carrier interactions were disrupted upon storage and polymer crystallization, resulting in segregation of IMC from PEG crystals. This process was further confirmed by 13C NMR since in the liquid state, when the IMC:PEG monomer units ratio was below 2:1, IMC signals were undetectable because of the loss of cross-polarization efficiency in the mobile IMC molecules upon attachment to PEG chains via hydrogen bonding. This suggested that each ether oxygen of the PEG unit could form hydrogen bonds with two IMC molecules. The NMR spectrum of IMC showed no change in solid dispersions with PEG upon storage, indicating the absence of interactions in the solid state, hence confirming previous studies. The drug-carrier interactions in the liquid state elucidated the crystallization inhibition effect of IMC on PEG as well as other semi-crystalline polymers such as poloxamer and Gelucire. However, hydrogen bonding was a necessary but apparently not a sufficient condition for the polymer crystallization inhibition. Screening of crystallization inhibitors of semi-crystalline polymers discovered numerous candidates that exhibit the same behavior as IMC, demonstrating a general pattern of polymer crystallization inhibition rather than a particular case. Furthermore, the crystallization inhibition effect of drugs on PEG was independent of the carrier molecular weight.<br /><br />Due to the fact that the appearance of metastable crystal polymorphs in pharmaceutical semicrystalline dispersions has been extensively reported in literature, yet no clarification of the mechanism of the polymorph formation was proposed, Chapter 5 aims to elucidate the polymorphism behavior of IMC as well as the mechanism of polymorph selection of drugs in these systems. IMC crystallized as either the α or τ form - a new metastable form, or a mixture of the two polymorphs in dispersions containing different drug loadings in PEG, poloxamer or Gelucire as the result of the variation in the mobility of drug molecules. As a general rule, low molecular mobility of the amorphous drug favors the crystallization into thermodynamically stable forms whereas metastable crystalline polymorphs are preferred when mobility of drug molecules is sufficiently high. This rule provides insight into the polymorph selection of numerous active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in semicrystalline dispersions and can be used as a guide for polymorphic screening from melt crystallization by tuning the mobility of drug molecules. In addition, the drug crystallized faster while the polymer crystallized slower as the drug loading increased with the maxima of both drug and polymer crystallization rates in 70% indomethacin dispersions. Increasing the drug content in solid dispersions reduced the τ to α polymorphic transition rate, except when the more stable form being initially dominant. The segregation of τ and α polymorphs as well as the polymorphic transformation during storage led to the inherent inhomogeneity of the semicrystalline dispersions.<br /><br />The microstructure of semicrystalline dispersions needs to be explored as it strongly affects macroscopic properties. Numerous factors have been reported that dictate the microstructure of these systems; nevertheless, the importance of the conformation of the polymer has never been elucidated. In Chapter 6, we investigate the microstructure of dispersions of PEG and APIs by small angle X-ray scattering and high performance differential scanning calorimetry. Polyethylene glycol with molecular weight of 2000 g/mol (PEG2000) and 6000 g/mol (PEG6000) exhibited remarkable discrepancy in the lamellar periodicity in dispersions with APIs which was attributed to the differences in their folding behavior. The long period of PEG2000 always decreased upon aging-induced exclusion of APIs from interlamellar region of extended chain crystals whereas the periodicity of PEG6000 may decrease or increase during storage as a consequence of the competition between the drug segregation and the lamellar thickening from non-integral folded into integral-folded chain crystals. The two processes were in turn significantly influenced by the crystallization tendency of the pharmaceutical compounds, drug-polymer interactions as well as the dispersion composition and crystallization temperature.<br /><br />These mechanistic findings expand our knowledge and understanding about the complex nature of pharmaceutical semicrystalline dispersions and are of significant importance for the preparation of systems with reproducible and consistent physicochemical properties and pharmaceutical performance. The key accomplishments of the current project are highlighted and discussed, and future research directions are suggested in Chapter 7.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35844925" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="49f175be9a0e64a2d580a4ca0902ad4c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55723245,"asset_id":35844925,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55723245/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="20813365" href="https://purdue.academia.edu/DuongTu">Duong Tu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="20813365" type="text/json">{"id":20813365,"first_name":"Duong","last_name":"Tu","domain_name":"purdue","page_name":"DuongTu","display_name":"Duong Tu","profile_url":"https://purdue.academia.edu/DuongTu?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20813365/5761703/20232421/s65_duong.tu.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35844925 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35844925"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35844925, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35844925", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35844925]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35844925").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35844925").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35844925"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">23</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2161" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructure">Microstructure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2161" type="text/json">{"id":2161,"name":"Microstructure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructure?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2526" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_Chemistry">Polymer Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2526" type="text/json">{"id":2526,"name":"Polymer Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_Chemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2720" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_science">Polymer science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2720" type="text/json">{"id":2720,"name":"Polymer science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_science?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymorphism">Polymorphism</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3855" type="text/json">{"id":3855,"name":"Polymorphism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymorphism?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35844925]'), work: {"id":35844925,"title":"PhD Thesis - On the crystallization of pharmaceutical semicrystalline dispersions","created_at":"2018-02-05T12:34:25.965-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35844925/PhD_Thesis_On_the_crystallization_of_pharmaceutical_semicrystalline_dispersions?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_35844925","summary":"A general introduction of the research topic is presented in Chapter 1, starting with the identification of low aqueous solubility of drug compounds as currently one of the most frequent and greatest challenges the pharmaceutical industry is facing, followed by introducing solid dispersions as a powerful strategy to formulate poorly water soluble drugs. Subsequently, semicrystalline dispersions are discussed. Various aspects of these specific systems are discussed, including the structure of carrier and drug-carrier dispersions, the importance of both drug and carrier in dictating the behavior of the systems, the influence of drug-carrier composition and interactions, the crystallization and dissolution of carrier, the impact of polymer molecular weight and other factors. A background in solid state crystallization and polymorphism is also provided.\n\nChapter 2 points out the overall and specific objectives of the project in order to expand our mechanistic understanding about the crystallization behavior of both drug and carrier in their binary semicrystalline dispersions.\n\nInvestigation of the crystallization kinetics of solid dispersions made up of IMC and PEG containing high drug loadings is the focus of Chapter 3. In this chapter, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray powder diffraction was used to describe the influence of drug loading on the crystallization behavior of dispersions made up of IMC and PEG. It has been found that increasing the IMC content resulted in stronger crystallization inhibition of the polymer. At 52% drug loading, the crystallization of PEG was completely inhibited. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first detailed investigation of the crystallization inhibition effect of a low molecular weight drug on a semicrystalline polymer in their dispersions. In mixtures containing up to 55% indomethacin, the dispersions exhibited distinct glass transition events resulting from amorphous-amorphous phase separation which generates polymer-rich and drug-rich domains upon the solidification of supercooled PEG whereas samples containing at least 60% drug showed a single amorphous phase during the period in which crystallization normally occurs.\n\nIn Chapter 4, we study the possibility of drug-carrier interactions to explain the inhibition effect of IMC on PEG crystallization. We also aim to discover other potential PEG crystallization inhibitors. Drug-carrier interactions in both liquid and solid state were characterized by variable temperature Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and cross-polarization magic angle spinning 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (CP/MAS NMR). In the liquid state, FTIR data showed evidence of the breaking of hydrogen bonds between IMC molecules to form interactions of the IMC monomer with PEG. The drug-carrier interactions were disrupted upon storage and polymer crystallization, resulting in segregation of IMC from PEG crystals. This process was further confirmed by 13C NMR since in the liquid state, when the IMC:PEG monomer units ratio was below 2:1, IMC signals were undetectable because of the loss of cross-polarization efficiency in the mobile IMC molecules upon attachment to PEG chains via hydrogen bonding. This suggested that each ether oxygen of the PEG unit could form hydrogen bonds with two IMC molecules. The NMR spectrum of IMC showed no change in solid dispersions with PEG upon storage, indicating the absence of interactions in the solid state, hence confirming previous studies. The drug-carrier interactions in the liquid state elucidated the crystallization inhibition effect of IMC on PEG as well as other semi-crystalline polymers such as poloxamer and Gelucire. However, hydrogen bonding was a necessary but apparently not a sufficient condition for the polymer crystallization inhibition. Screening of crystallization inhibitors of semi-crystalline polymers discovered numerous candidates that exhibit the same behavior as IMC, demonstrating a general pattern of polymer crystallization inhibition rather than a particular case. Furthermore, the crystallization inhibition effect of drugs on PEG was independent of the carrier molecular weight.\n\nDue to the fact that the appearance of metastable crystal polymorphs in pharmaceutical semicrystalline dispersions has been extensively reported in literature, yet no clarification of the mechanism of the polymorph formation was proposed, Chapter 5 aims to elucidate the polymorphism behavior of IMC as well as the mechanism of polymorph selection of drugs in these systems. IMC crystallized as either the α or τ form - a new metastable form, or a mixture of the two polymorphs in dispersions containing different drug loadings in PEG, poloxamer or Gelucire as the result of the variation in the mobility of drug molecules. As a general rule, low molecular mobility of the amorphous drug favors the crystallization into thermodynamically stable forms whereas metastable crystalline polymorphs are preferred when mobility of drug molecules is sufficiently high. This rule provides insight into the polymorph selection of numerous active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in semicrystalline dispersions and can be used as a guide for polymorphic screening from melt crystallization by tuning the mobility of drug molecules. In addition, the drug crystallized faster while the polymer crystallized slower as the drug loading increased with the maxima of both drug and polymer crystallization rates in 70% indomethacin dispersions. Increasing the drug content in solid dispersions reduced the τ to α polymorphic transition rate, except when the more stable form being initially dominant. The segregation of τ and α polymorphs as well as the polymorphic transformation during storage led to the inherent inhomogeneity of the semicrystalline dispersions.\n\nThe microstructure of semicrystalline dispersions needs to be explored as it strongly affects macroscopic properties. Numerous factors have been reported that dictate the microstructure of these systems; nevertheless, the importance of the conformation of the polymer has never been elucidated. In Chapter 6, we investigate the microstructure of dispersions of PEG and APIs by small angle X-ray scattering and high performance differential scanning calorimetry. Polyethylene glycol with molecular weight of 2000 g/mol (PEG2000) and 6000 g/mol (PEG6000) exhibited remarkable discrepancy in the lamellar periodicity in dispersions with APIs which was attributed to the differences in their folding behavior. The long period of PEG2000 always decreased upon aging-induced exclusion of APIs from interlamellar region of extended chain crystals whereas the periodicity of PEG6000 may decrease or increase during storage as a consequence of the competition between the drug segregation and the lamellar thickening from non-integral folded into integral-folded chain crystals. The two processes were in turn significantly influenced by the crystallization tendency of the pharmaceutical compounds, drug-polymer interactions as well as the dispersion composition and crystallization temperature.\n\nThese mechanistic findings expand our knowledge and understanding about the complex nature of pharmaceutical semicrystalline dispersions and are of significant importance for the preparation of systems with reproducible and consistent physicochemical properties and pharmaceutical performance. The key accomplishments of the current project are highlighted and discussed, and future research directions are suggested in Chapter 7.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55723245,"asset_id":35844925,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":20813365,"first_name":"Duong","last_name":"Tu","domain_name":"purdue","page_name":"DuongTu","display_name":"Duong Tu","profile_url":"https://purdue.academia.edu/DuongTu?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20813365/5761703/20232421/s65_duong.tu.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2161,"name":"Microstructure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructure?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":2526,"name":"Polymer Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_Chemistry?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":2720,"name":"Polymer 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Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmaceutical_Formulation_Technology?f_ri=139262"},{"id":922739,"name":"Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacy_and_Pharmaceutical_Sciences?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1177442,"name":"Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_Scanning_Calorimetry_DSC_?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1866509,"name":"Indomethacin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indomethacin?f_ri=139262"},{"id":2885371,"name":"Semicrystalline","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semicrystalline?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3231108" data-work_id="3231108" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3231108/Etude_des_corr%C3%A9lations_structure_propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9s_tinctoriales_des_fibres_dacide_polylactique_PLA_">Etude des corrélations structure-propriétés tinctoriales des fibres d'acide polylactique (PLA)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">ii Je dédie ce mémoire à Mays, ma femme, mon âme soeur qui m'a inspiré et accompagné tout au long de ce périple à Samir et Nadimah, mes parents qui m'ont toujours donné la chance de réaliser les rêves iv i REMERCIEMENTS Le travail exposé... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3231108" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">ii Je dédie ce mémoire à Mays, ma femme, mon âme soeur qui m'a inspiré et accompagné tout au long de ce périple à Samir et Nadimah, mes parents qui m'ont toujours donné la chance de réaliser les rêves iv i REMERCIEMENTS Le travail exposé dans ce manuscrit a été réalisé au</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3231108" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7b554849527564ed6ca68cd24f5ebfcd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31095550,"asset_id":3231108,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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Mays, ma femme, mon âme soeur qui m'a inspiré et accompagné tout au long de ce périple à Samir et Nadimah, mes parents qui m'ont toujours donné la chance de réaliser les rêves iv i REMERCIEMENTS Le travail exposé dans ce manuscrit a été réalisé au","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31095550,"asset_id":3231108,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3697897,"first_name":"MBILAL","last_name":"UMAR","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MBILALUMAR","display_name":"MBILAL UMAR","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MBILALUMAR?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":77190,"name":"SAXS","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SAXS?f_ri=139262","nofollow":false},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":213801,"name":"Structural 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class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Abstract This paper describes the design and development of hexapod robot with three degrees of freedom (3 DOF) at each leg. The system developed is composed of the mechanical assembly, the circuits used to control the servomotors... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_77106251" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Abstract This paper describes the design and development of hexapod robot with three degrees of freedom (3 DOF) at each leg. The system developed is composed of the mechanical assembly, the circuits used to control the servomotors (Digital Signal Controller - DSC) ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/77106251" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="102424258" href="https://independent.academia.edu/WagnerCorreiaMoraes">Wagner Correia Moraes</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="102424258" type="text/json">{"id":102424258,"first_name":"Wagner","last_name":"Correia Moraes","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WagnerCorreiaMoraes","display_name":"Wagner Correia Moraes","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WagnerCorreiaMoraes?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_77106251 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="77106251"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77106251, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_77106251", }); 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The system developed is composed of the mechanical assembly, the circuits used to control the servomotors (Digital Signal Controller - DSC) ...","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":102424258,"first_name":"Wagner","last_name":"Correia Moraes","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WagnerCorreiaMoraes","display_name":"Wagner Correia Moraes","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WagnerCorreiaMoraes?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":5473,"name":"Embedded Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Embedded_Systems?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":90162,"name":"Kinematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinematics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":93882,"name":"Robot kinematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Robot_kinematics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":124202,"name":"Hexapod Robot","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hexapod_Robot?f_ri=139262"},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":158043,"name":"Firmware","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Firmware?f_ri=139262"},{"id":188140,"name":"Forward Kinematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forward_Kinematics?f_ri=139262"},{"id":188142,"name":"Inverse Kinematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inverse_Kinematics?f_ri=139262"},{"id":229390,"name":"Real Time","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Real_Time?f_ri=139262"},{"id":291021,"name":"Code Optimization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Code_Optimization?f_ri=139262"},{"id":413487,"name":"Design and Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_and_Development?f_ri=139262"},{"id":462777,"name":"Leg","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leg?f_ri=139262"},{"id":896204,"name":"Numerical Solution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Numerical_Solution?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1131833,"name":"Joystick","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Joystick?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1148030,"name":"Embedded System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Embedded_System?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1242198,"name":"Degree of Freedom","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Degree_of_Freedom?f_ri=139262"},{"id":1968842,"name":"Nonlinear Equations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nonlinear_Equations?f_ri=139262"},{"id":3608861,"name":"Newton Raphson Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Newton_Raphson_Method-1?f_ri=139262"},{"id":3615220,"name":"Newton Raphson","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Newton_Raphson?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11681121" data-work_id="11681121" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11681121/Hydrogenated_vegetable_oils_as_candle_wax">Hydrogenated vegetable oils as candle wax</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Partially hydrogenated soybean oil, referred to as soywax, is gaining attention as a renewable and biodegradable alternative to paraffin wax for use in candles. However, current soywax candles suffer from several problems, especially poor... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11681121" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Partially hydrogenated soybean oil, referred to as soywax, is gaining attention as a renewable and biodegradable alternative to paraffin wax for use in candles. However, current soywax candles suffer from several problems, especially poor melting and solidification properties. Fully hydrogenated soybean oil exhibits improved melting properties but owing to its fragile texture, it is not yet acceptable in most candle applications. In the present work, KLX™ (a wax composed of fractionated hydrogenated soy and cottonseed oils) was used as a base material for candles, and the effects of additives such as hydrogenated palm oil (HPO), FFA, and paraffin on the textural and combustion properties were evaluated. Melting and solidification profiles of KLX were better than those of fully hydrogenated soy oil. Adding FFA improved the solidification properties of KLX candles. Adding paraffin improved the compressibility of the wax, while HPO addition decreased hardness and compressibility. Changing the candle diameter and/or wick size along with changing the wax composition resulted in candles with desirable quality attributes.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11681121" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="caac278ef89fc3afe1552fcd2195357a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46577453,"asset_id":11681121,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46577453/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="28587715" href="https://tehran.academia.edu/KaramatollahRezaei">Karamatollah Rezaei</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="28587715" type="text/json">{"id":28587715,"first_name":"Karamatollah","last_name":"Rezaei","domain_name":"tehran","page_name":"KaramatollahRezaei","display_name":"Karamatollah Rezaei","profile_url":"https://tehran.academia.edu/KaramatollahRezaei?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11681121 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11681121"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11681121, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11681121", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_11681121 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11681121; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_11681121"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_11681121 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11681121"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11681121; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11681121]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11681121").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11681121").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11681121"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139262" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC">DSC</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139262" type="text/json">{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="621643" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wax">Wax</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="621643" type="text/json">{"id":621643,"name":"Wax","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wax?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11681121]'), work: {"id":11681121,"title":"Hydrogenated vegetable oils as candle wax","created_at":"2015-03-27T02:13:35.705-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11681121/Hydrogenated_vegetable_oils_as_candle_wax?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_11681121","summary":"Partially hydrogenated soybean oil, referred to as soywax, is gaining attention as a renewable and biodegradable alternative to paraffin wax for use in candles. However, current soywax candles suffer from several problems, especially poor melting and solidification properties. Fully hydrogenated soybean oil exhibits improved melting properties but owing to its fragile texture, it is not yet acceptable in most candle applications. In the present work, KLX™ (a wax composed of fractionated hydrogenated soy and cottonseed oils) was used as a base material for candles, and the effects of additives such as hydrogenated palm oil (HPO), FFA, and paraffin on the textural and combustion properties were evaluated. Melting and solidification profiles of KLX were better than those of fully hydrogenated soy oil. Adding FFA improved the solidification properties of KLX candles. Adding paraffin improved the compressibility of the wax, while HPO addition decreased hardness and compressibility. Changing the candle diameter and/or wick size along with changing the wax composition resulted in candles with desirable quality attributes.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46577453,"asset_id":11681121,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":28587715,"first_name":"Karamatollah","last_name":"Rezaei","domain_name":"tehran","page_name":"KaramatollahRezaei","display_name":"Karamatollah Rezaei","profile_url":"https://tehran.academia.edu/KaramatollahRezaei?f_ri=139262","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":621643,"name":"Wax","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wax?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4031170" data-work_id="4031170" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4031170/CIRCUITO_DE_CONTROLE_COM_DSC_PARA_UPS_DE_3_kW_TIPO_PASSIVE_STANDBY_COM_INTEGRA%C3%87%C3%83O_DE_PAINEL_FOTOVOLTAICO">CIRCUITO DE CONTROLE COM DSC PARA UPS DE 3 kW, TIPO PASSIVE STANDBY COM INTEGRAÇÃO DE PAINEL FOTOVOLTAICO</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um circuito de controle para um sistema de UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supplies), do tipo Standby, conforme IEC 62040-3. A implementação do projeto utiliza como elemento de controle o... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4031170" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um circuito de controle para um sistema de UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supplies), do tipo Standby, conforme IEC 62040-3.  A implementação do projeto utiliza como elemento de controle o controlador de sinais digitais (DSC) 56F8006, o qual é responsável em monitorar as condições do sinal da rede elétrica da concessionária; sincronizar e habilitar dos circuitos; controlar o estado do comutador; efetuar o controle de carregamento do banco de baterias por histerese, por meio de painel fotovoltaico ou pela rede concessionária de energia elétrica; e ainda implementar uma interface homem-máquina (IHM) por meio de um display LCD, uma interface de comunicação serial RS-232 e recursos áudio visuais. Os resultados do sistema com o DSC denotam um tempo de comutação pequeno e satisfatório, podendo assim obter um sistema que comute em menos de 10 milissegundos melhorando de forma considerável seu desempenho em relação a outras topologias existentes no mercado.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4031170" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2c9d425345ba16af6f459e84f6dab640" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31571562,"asset_id":4031170,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31571562/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4845361" href="https://utfpr-br.academia.edu/WillianBispo">Willian Bispo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4845361" type="text/json">{"id":4845361,"first_name":"Willian","last_name":"Bispo","domain_name":"utfpr-br","page_name":"WillianBispo","display_name":"Willian Bispo","profile_url":"https://utfpr-br.academia.edu/WillianBispo?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4845361/2074093/2440903/s65_willian.bispo.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4031170 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4031170"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4031170, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4031170", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4031170 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4031170; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4031170"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4031170 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4031170"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4031170; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4031170]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4031170").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4031170").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4031170"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1457" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photovoltaics">Photovoltaics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1457" type="text/json">{"id":1457,"name":"Photovoltaics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photovoltaics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23018" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Control">Digital Control</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23018" type="text/json">{"id":23018,"name":"Digital Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Control?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="50094" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photovoltaic_Solar_Cells">Photovoltaic Solar Cells</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="50094" type="text/json">{"id":50094,"name":"Photovoltaic Solar Cells","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photovoltaic_Solar_Cells?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="62834" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dc-Dc_Converters_Power_Electronics">Dc-Dc Converters, Power Electronics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="62834" type="text/json">{"id":62834,"name":"Dc-Dc Converters, Power Electronics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dc-Dc_Converters_Power_Electronics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4031170]'), work: {"id":4031170,"title":"CIRCUITO DE CONTROLE COM DSC PARA UPS DE 3 kW, TIPO PASSIVE STANDBY COM INTEGRAÇÃO DE PAINEL FOTOVOLTAICO","created_at":"2013-07-15T00:40:17.585-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4031170/CIRCUITO_DE_CONTROLE_COM_DSC_PARA_UPS_DE_3_kW_TIPO_PASSIVE_STANDBY_COM_INTEGRA%C3%87%C3%83O_DE_PAINEL_FOTOVOLTAICO?f_ri=139262","dom_id":"work_4031170","summary":"Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um circuito de controle para um sistema de UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supplies), do tipo Standby, conforme IEC 62040-3. A implementação do projeto utiliza como elemento de controle o controlador de sinais digitais (DSC) 56F8006, o qual é responsável em monitorar as condições do sinal da rede elétrica da concessionária; sincronizar e habilitar dos circuitos; controlar o estado do comutador; efetuar o controle de carregamento do banco de baterias por histerese, por meio de painel fotovoltaico ou pela rede concessionária de energia elétrica; e ainda implementar uma interface homem-máquina (IHM) por meio de um display LCD, uma interface de comunicação serial RS-232 e recursos áudio visuais. Os resultados do sistema com o DSC denotam um tempo de comutação pequeno e satisfatório, podendo assim obter um sistema que comute em menos de 10 milissegundos melhorando de forma considerável seu desempenho em relação a outras topologias existentes no mercado.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31571562,"asset_id":4031170,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4845361,"first_name":"Willian","last_name":"Bispo","domain_name":"utfpr-br","page_name":"WillianBispo","display_name":"Willian Bispo","profile_url":"https://utfpr-br.academia.edu/WillianBispo?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4845361/2074093/2440903/s65_willian.bispo.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1457,"name":"Photovoltaics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photovoltaics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":23018,"name":"Digital Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Control?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":50094,"name":"Photovoltaic Solar Cells","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photovoltaic_Solar_Cells?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":62834,"name":"Dc-Dc Converters, Power Electronics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dc-Dc_Converters_Power_Electronics?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262"},{"id":899411,"name":"UPS","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/UPS?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10773893" data-work_id="10773893" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10773893/Study_physico_chemical_properties_of_blended_cements_containing_fixed_amount_of_silica_fume_blast_furnace_slag_basalt_and_limestone_a_comparative_study">Study physico-chemical properties of blended cements containing fixed amount of silica fume, blast furnace slag, basalt and limestone, a comparative study</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Basalt can be added to cement without negative effect on the compressive strength. The pozzolanic activity of basalt lower than silica fume and blast furnace slag. Basalt can be used as a good filled-pozzolanic material. Basalt pastes... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10773893" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Basalt can be added to cement without negative effect on the compressive strength. The pozzolanic activity of basalt lower than silica fume and blast furnace slag. Basalt can be used as a good filled-pozzolanic material. Basalt pastes have better physico-mechanical properties than limestone as filler. We found that basalt has obvious pozzolanic activities at later ages.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10773893" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="35f13426933059f66961266eedaa6cf7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47140419,"asset_id":10773893,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47140419/download_file?st=MTczOTgzNTM2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26229355" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MSaraya">Mohamed Saraya</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26229355" type="text/json">{"id":26229355,"first_name":"Mohamed","last_name":"Saraya","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MSaraya","display_name":"Mohamed Saraya","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MSaraya?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26229355/7219033/8126844/s65_mohamed.saraya.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10773893 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10773893"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10773893, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10773893", }); 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The pozzolanic activity of basalt lower than silica fume and blast furnace slag. Basalt can be used as a good filled-pozzolanic material. Basalt pastes have better physico-mechanical properties than limestone as filler. We found that basalt has obvious pozzolanic activities at later ages.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47140419,"asset_id":10773893,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26229355,"first_name":"Mohamed","last_name":"Saraya","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MSaraya","display_name":"Mohamed Saraya","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MSaraya?f_ri=139262","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26229355/7219033/8126844/s65_mohamed.saraya.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139262,"name":"DSC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DSC?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":205576,"name":"Basalt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Basalt?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":225789,"name":"Building and Construction Materials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Building_and_Construction_Materials?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":954817,"name":"Silica Fume","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Silica_Fume?f_ri=139262","nofollow":true},{"id":963367,"name":"FT IR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FT_IR?f_ri=139262"},{"id":2292122,"name":"Slag","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slag?f_ri=139262"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="u-taCenter Pagination"><ul class="pagination"><li class="next_page"><a href="/Documents/in/DSC?after=50%2C10773893" rel="next">Next</a></li><li class="last next"><a href="/Documents/in/DSC?page=last">Last »</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm"><div class="u-pl6x"><div style="width: 300px;"><div class="panel panel-flat u-mt7x"><div class="panel-heading u-p5x"><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-taCenter u-fw700 u-textUppercase">Related Topics</div></div><ul class="list-group"><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" 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