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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Komnenos" title="Alexander Komnenos – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Alexander Komnenos" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BB%CE%AD%CE%BE%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%9C%CE%AD%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%BD%CE%B7%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Αλέξανδρος Μέγας Κομνηνός – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αλέξανδρος Μέγας Κομνηνός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro_de_Trebisonda" title="Alejandro de Trebisonda – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Alejandro de Trebisonda" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alessandro_di_Trebisonda" title="Alessandro di Trebisonda – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Alessandro di Trebisonda" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AC%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B5%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B9_(%E3%83%88%E3%83%AC%E3%83%93%E3%82%BE%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E7%9A%87%E5%B8%9D)" title="アレクサンドロス (トレビゾンド皇帝) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アレクサンドロス (トレビゾンド皇帝)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-good-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_articles*" title="This is a good article. 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color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Alexander Megas Komnenos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><i>Emperor and Autocrat of all the East and Perateia</i></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Trapezuntine_emperors" title="List of Trapezuntine emperors">Trapezuntine emperor</a> <div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal" class="noprint"><br />(<i>with <a href="/wiki/John_IV_of_Trebizond" title="John IV of Trebizond">John IV</a></i>) </div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1451–1459</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1405<br /><a href="/wiki/Trabzon" title="Trabzon">Trebizond</a><br />(modern-day <a href="/wiki/Trabzon" title="Trabzon">Trabzon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1459 (aged <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 54)<br />Trebizond<br />(modern-day <a href="/wiki/Trabzon" title="Trabzon">Trabzon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maria_Gattilusio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maria Gattilusio (page does not exist)">Maria Gattilusio</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Issue_(genealogy)" title="Issue (genealogy)">Issue</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alexios_V_of_Trebizond" title="Alexios V of Trebizond">Alexios V Megas Komnenos</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">Dynasty</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Komnenos" title="Komnenos">Komnenos</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alexios_IV_of_Trebizond" title="Alexios IV of Trebizond">Alexios IV Megas Komnenos</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Theodora_Kantakouzene_(wife_of_Alexios_IV_of_Trebizond)" title="Theodora Kantakouzene (wife of Alexios IV of Trebizond)">Theodora Kantakouzene</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Alexander Megas Komnenos</b> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Ἀλέξανδρος Μέγας Κομνηνός</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Greek" title="Romanization of Greek">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Greek-language romanization"><i lang="el-Latn">Alexandros Megas Komnēnos</i></span>; <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1405–1459), also recorded as <b>Skantarios</b> (Greek: Σκαντάριος), was co-emperor of the <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Trebizond" title="Empire of Trebizond">Empire of Trebizond</a> alongside his elder brother <a href="/wiki/John_IV_Megas_Komnenos" class="mw-redirect" title="John IV Megas Komnenos">John IV Megas Komnenos</a> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1451–1459. Alexander was the second son of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Trapezuntine_emperors" title="List of Trapezuntine emperors">Trapezuntine emperor</a> <a href="/wiki/Alexios_IV_of_Trebizond" title="Alexios IV of Trebizond">Alexios IV Megas Komnenos</a>. John was exiled after a failed rebellion against their father in <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1426, and Alexios made Alexander the designated heir. John returned to Trebizond in early 1429 and seized the throne, killing Alexios and forcing Alexander into exile. </p><p>While in exile, Alexander lived in <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, as his sister <a href="/wiki/Maria_of_Trebizond" class="mw-redirect" title="Maria of Trebizond">Maria</a> had married the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_emperors" title="List of Byzantine emperors">Byzantine emperor</a> <a href="/wiki/John_VIII_Palaiologos" title="John VIII Palaiologos">John VIII Palaiologos</a>. Alexander attempted to gain Byzantine and <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Genoa" title="Republic of Genoa">Genoese</a> support in organizing an expedition to depose John and take the Trapezuntine throne for himself, but had little success. In late 1437, Alexander married <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maria_Gattilusio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maria Gattilusio (page does not exist)">Maria Gattilusio</a>, daughter of <a href="/wiki/Dorino_I_Gattilusio" title="Dorino I Gattilusio">Dorino I Gattilusio</a>, the lord of <a href="/wiki/Lesbos" title="Lesbos">Lesbos</a>, also in an attempt to gain allies for the fight against his brother. At some point, John and Alexander reconciled as Alexander once more lived in Trebizond in the 1450s. Perhaps John was motivated by the fact that he lacked sons of his own and distrusted their only other brother, <a href="/wiki/David_of_Trebizond" title="David of Trebizond">David</a>, to invite Alexander back and designate him as heir and co-emperor <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1451. Alexander predeceased John, dying <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1459, though his son and only known child, <a href="/wiki/Alexios_V_of_Trebizond" title="Alexios V of Trebizond">Alexios V Megas Komnenos</a>, briefly succeeded John as emperor in 1460. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexander_of_Trebizond&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alexander was born in 1405 <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007183,_185_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007183,_185-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as the second son of <a href="/wiki/Alexios_IV_of_Trebizond" title="Alexios IV of Trebizond">Alexios IV Megas Komnenos</a>, who ruled the <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Trebizond" title="Empire of Trebizond">Empire of Trebizond</a> from 1417 to 1429. He had two brothers; the elder <a href="/wiki/John_IV_of_Trebizond" title="John IV of Trebizond">John</a> and the younger <a href="/wiki/David_of_Trebizond" title="David of Trebizond">David</a>, and at least three sisters, one of whom was <a href="/wiki/Maria_of_Trebizond" class="mw-redirect" title="Maria of Trebizond">Maria</a>, who married the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_emperors" title="List of Byzantine emperors">Byzantine emperor</a> <a href="/wiki/John_VIII_Palaiologos" title="John VIII Palaiologos">John VIII Palaiologos</a> (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> </span>1425–1448).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007182_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007182-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the writings of contemporary historian <a href="/wiki/Laonikos_Chalkokondyles" title="Laonikos Chalkokondyles">Laonikos Chalkokondyles</a>, Alexander is called Skantarios, a name seemingly of Turkish origin,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979239_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979239-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> perhaps related to İskender, the Turkish form of Alexander. <a href="/wiki/George_Finlay" title="George Finlay">George Finlay</a> suggested in 1851 that Alexander was called Skantarios by his contemporaries and that this indicated Turkish influence in the Greek dialect of Trebizond.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFinlay1851460–461_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinlay1851460–461-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Certain modern scholars, such as Michel Kuršanskis,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979239_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979239-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as the <i><a href="/wiki/Prosopographisches_Lexikon_der_Palaiologenzeit" title="Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit">Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit</a></i>, favor using the name Skantarios rather than Alexander.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPLP12122._Κομνηνός_Σκαντάριος_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPLP12122._Κομνηνός_Σκαντάριος-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As the eldest son, Alexios had initially made Alexander's brother John the designated heir, and possibly associated him with imperial power as co-emperor. Relations between Alexios IV and John deteriorated throughout Alexios's reign, owing to John's ambition and to Alexios being seen as a weak ruler. The familial issues reached a breaking point <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1426, when John discovered that his mother (Alexios's wife) <a href="/wiki/Theodora_Kantakouzene_(wife_of_Alexios_IV_of_Trebizond)" title="Theodora Kantakouzene (wife of Alexios IV of Trebizond)">Theodora Kantakouzene</a> was having an affair with the <a href="/wiki/Treasurer" title="Treasurer">treasurer</a>. John murdered the man with his own hands and then launched a <a href="/wiki/Palace_coup" class="mw-redirect" title="Palace coup">palace coup</a>, imprisoning his parents in their respective apartments in the imperial palace. Worried that John was planning to kill both of them, the Trapezuntine nobility persuaded the populace that John would make a worse ruler than Alexios, and forced him to flee the city, before releasing Alexios and Theodora. John fled to <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Georgia" title="Kingdom of Georgia">Georgia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFinlay1851460–461_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinlay1851460–461-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where he married a daughter of King <a href="/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Georgia" title="Alexander I of Georgia">Alexander I</a> (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> </span>1412–1442).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007183_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007183-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After John's rebellion, Alexios appears to have designated his next eldest son, Alexander, as heir instead, and perhaps made him co-emperor.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979239_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979239-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFinlay1851460–461_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinlay1851460–461-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>John made plans to conquer Trebizond while in exile. From Georgia, he travelled to <a href="/wiki/Crimea" title="Crimea">Crimea</a>, and tried to organize an expedition against Alexios with the help of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Genoa" title="Republic of Genoa">Genoese</a>. In the meantime, Alexios IV worked to seal alliances to ensure the safety of his empire. He appears to have negotiated with Prince <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexios_of_Theodoro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexios of Theodoro (page does not exist)">Alexios of Theodoro</a> to marry either Alexander or David to Alexios's daughter, <a href="/wiki/Maria_of_Gothia" title="Maria of Gothia">Maria of Gothia</a>. Any negotiations fell through when John and the Genoese landed at the port of <a href="/wiki/Cordyle" title="Cordyle">Cordyle</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979240_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979240-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in early 1429.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007181_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007181-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alexios left Trebizond to march against John, but some among the Trapezuntine nobility changed their allegiance to John<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979240_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979240-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and on 26 April 1429,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007181_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007181-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alexios was assassinated in his tent during the night, after which John became emperor as John IV.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979240_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979240-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the assassination of Alexios and the accession of John, Alexander was exiled,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007184_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007184-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> fleeing to <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, where he lived with his sister Maria.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979240_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979240-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life_in_exile">Life in exile</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexander_of_Trebizond&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Life in exile"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After being forced into exile, Alexander is next attested at Constantinople eight years later, in November 1437. At this time, the Spanish ambassador and traveller <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Tafur" title="Pedro Tafur">Pedro Tafur</a> met Alexander and recorded that he had recently married <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maria_Gattilusio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maria Gattilusio (page does not exist)">Maria Gattilusio</a>, daughter of <a href="/wiki/Dorino_I_Gattilusio" title="Dorino I Gattilusio">Dorino I Gattilusio</a>, the lord of <a href="/wiki/Lesbos" title="Lesbos">Lesbos</a>, for aid against John.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007184_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007184-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979241_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979241-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly thereafter, Tafur travelled to Trebizond, where he met with John. John asked Tafur about his exiled brother, inquiring whether it was true that he had married a daughter of Gattilusio were true and if rumors that Alexander had persuaded John VIII Palaiologos and the Genoese to supply him with a fleet to attack Trebizond were true. Tafur, perhaps untruthfully, said to John that both rumors were true. Though impressed, John replied that he would "know how to defend himself", after which Tafur concluded that John had sealed and alliance with the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979241_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979241-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tafur met with Alexander again in March 1438, when Alexander was on the island of <a href="/wiki/Mytilene" title="Mytilene">Mytilene</a>, one of Dorino's fiefs. Alexander was on the island together with his wife, and aimed to organize an expedition to depose John and claim the throne for himself. Tafur informed Alexander of John's alliance with the Ottomans, and that it would thus be detrimental to go to war, and at the same time, Dorino was called upon by Genoa to try to help restore peace between Alexander and John, given Genoa's business interests in trade with Trebizond. Alexander's expedition thus fell through and he disappears from the sources again for a lengthy period of time. His sister Maria died in December 1439, which would have ended Alexander's influence in Constantinople.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979241_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979241-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rule">Rule</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexander_of_Trebizond&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alexander is next attested in 1451, a turbulent year in Trebizond as relations had deteriorated between John and the Genoese, with David even having been sent on naval expeditions against them. Surprisingly, Alexander is recorded to have lived in Trebizond at this time, together with his wife <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maria_Gattilusio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maria Gattilusio (page does not exist)">Maria</a> and their young son, <a href="/wiki/Alexios_V_of_Trebizond" title="Alexios V of Trebizond">Alexios</a>. Per Michel Kuršanskis, the most likely explanation for Alexander's return home was that the childless John, wary of David, had reconciled with Alexander and had invited him back. According to Chalkondyles, Alexander was emperor; Kuršanskis states it is probable that Alexander was thus made co-emperor and designated heir.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979241_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979241-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alexander died in Trebizond.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979241_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979241-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The date of his death is not known, but he was deceased by the time of <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Trebizond_(1461)" title="Siege of Trebizond (1461)">Trebizond's fall</a> to the Ottoman Empire in 1461.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007184_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007184-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As Alexander did not succeed John, and is unmentioned after John's death, it is probable that he predeceased John, dying around 1459, with his young son Alexios being designated heir in his place.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979242,_244_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979242,_244-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The young Alexios, as Alexios V, did briefly succeed as emperor upon John's death but was nearly immediately deposed by David.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979242_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979242-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchmuck200331_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchmuck200331-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alexander's family did not fare well after the fall of the empire; his wife Maria was captured and placed in the harem of Sultan <a href="/wiki/Mehmed_the_Conqueror" class="mw-redirect" title="Mehmed the Conqueror">Mehmed II</a> and their son, Alexios, at first lived with David in exile before being executed alongside David's family on 1 November 1463.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007184_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007184-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexander_of_Trebizond&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007183,_185-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007183,_185_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJackson_Williams2007">Jackson Williams 2007</a>, pp. 183, 185.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007182-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007182_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJackson_Williams2007">Jackson Williams 2007</a>, p. 182.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979239-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979239_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979239_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979239_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKuršanskis1979">Kuršanskis 1979</a>, p. 239.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinlay1851460–461-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFinlay1851460–461_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFinlay1851460–461_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFinlay1851460–461_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFinlay1851">Finlay 1851</a>, pp. 460–461.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPLP12122._Κομνηνός_Σκαντάριος-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPLP12122._Κομνηνός_Σκαντάριος_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPLP">PLP</a>, 12122. Κομνηνός Σκαντάριος.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007183-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007183_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJackson_Williams2007">Jackson Williams 2007</a>, p. 183.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979240-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979240_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979240_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979240_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979240_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKuršanskis1979">Kuršanskis 1979</a>, p. 240.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007181-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007181_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007181_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJackson_Williams2007">Jackson Williams 2007</a>, p. 181.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007184-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007184_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007184_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007184_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJackson_Williams2007184_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJackson_Williams2007">Jackson Williams 2007</a>, p. 184.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979241-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979241_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979241_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979241_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979241_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979241_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKuršanskis1979">Kuršanskis 1979</a>, p. 241.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979242,_244-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979242,_244_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKuršanskis1979">Kuršanskis 1979</a>, pp. 242, 244.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979242-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKuršanskis1979242_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKuršanskis1979">Kuršanskis 1979</a>, p. 242.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchmuck200331-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchmuck200331_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchmuck2003">Schmuck 2003</a>, p. 31.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexander_of_Trebizond&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFinlay1851" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/George_Finlay" title="George Finlay">Finlay, George</a> (1851). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historygreecefr02finlgoog/page/n5/mode/2up"><i>The History of Greece, from its Conquest by the Crusaders to its Conquest by the Turks, and of the Empire of Trebizond 1204–1461</i></a>. Edinburgh and London: William Blackwood and Sons. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/757680">757680</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+Greece%2C+from+its+Conquest+by+the+Crusaders+to+its+Conquest+by+the+Turks%2C+and+of+the+Empire+of+Trebizond+1204%E2%80%931461&rft.place=Edinburgh+and+London&rft.pub=William+Blackwood+and+Sons&rft.date=1851&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F757680&rft.aulast=Finlay&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistorygreecefr02finlgoog%2Fpage%2Fn5%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlexander+of+Trebizond" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJackson_Williams2007" class="citation journal cs1">Jackson Williams, Kelsey (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/handle/10023/8570">"A Genealogy of the Grand Komnenoi of Trebizond"</a>. <i>Foundations: The Journal of the Foundation for Mediaeval Genealogy</i>. <b>2</b> (3): 171–189. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10023%2F8570">10023/8570</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1479-5078">1479-5078</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Foundations%3A+The+Journal+of+the+Foundation+for+Mediaeval+Genealogy&rft.atitle=A+Genealogy+of+the+Grand+Komnenoi+of+Trebizond&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=171-189&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10023%2F8570&rft.issn=1479-5078&rft.aulast=Jackson+Williams&rft.aufirst=Kelsey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk%2Fhandle%2F10023%2F8570&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlexander+of+Trebizond" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKuršanskis1979" class="citation journal cs1">Kuršanskis, Michel (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/rebyz_0766-5598_1979_num_37_1_2098">"La descendance d'Alexis IV, empereur de Trébizonde. Contribution à la prosopographie des Grands Comnènes"</a>. <i>Revue des études byzantines</i>. <b>37</b>: 239–247. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3406%2Frebyz.1979.2098">10.3406/rebyz.1979.2098</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revue+des+%C3%A9tudes+byzantines&rft.atitle=La+descendance+d%27Alexis+IV%2C+empereur+de+Tr%C3%A9bizonde.+Contribution+%C3%A0+la+prosopographie+des+Grands+Comn%C3%A8nes&rft.volume=37&rft.pages=239-247&rft.date=1979&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3406%2Frebyz.1979.2098&rft.aulast=Kur%C5%A1anskis&rft.aufirst=Michel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.persee.fr%2Fweb%2Frevues%2Fhome%2Fprescript%2Farticle%2Frebyz_0766-5598_1979_num_37_1_2098&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlexander+of+Trebizond" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchmuck2003" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Schmuck, Hilmar (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wkRWn11xsiQC"><i>Griechischer Biographischer Index</i></a> [<i>Greek Biographical Index</i>] (in German). Munich: <a href="/wiki/K._G._Saur_Verlag" title="K. G. Saur Verlag">K. G. Saur Verlag</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-598-34206-3" title="Special:BookSources/3-598-34206-3"><bdi>3-598-34206-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Griechischer+Biographischer+Index&rft.place=Munich&rft.pub=K.+G.+Saur+Verlag&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=3-598-34206-3&rft.aulast=Schmuck&rft.aufirst=Hilmar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwkRWn11xsiQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlexander+of+Trebizond" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPLP" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Trapp, Erich; Beyer, Hans-Veit; Walther, Rainer; Sturm-Schnabl, Katja; Kislinger, Ewald; Leontiadis, Ioannis; Kaplaneres, Sokrates (1976–1996). <i><a href="/wiki/Prosopographisches_Lexikon_der_Palaiologenzeit" title="Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit">Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit</a></i> (in German). Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-7001-3003-1" title="Special:BookSources/3-7001-3003-1"><bdi>3-7001-3003-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Prosopographisches+Lexikon+der+Palaiologenzeit&rft.place=Vienna&rft.pub=Verlag+der+%C3%96sterreichischen+Akademie+der+Wissenschaften&rft.date=1976%2F1996&rft.isbn=3-7001-3003-1&rft.aulast=Trapp&rft.aufirst=Erich&rft.au=Beyer%2C+Hans-Veit&rft.au=Walther%2C+Rainer&rft.au=Sturm-Schnabl%2C+Katja&rft.au=Kislinger%2C+Ewald&rft.au=Leontiadis%2C+Ioannis&rft.au=Kaplaneres%2C+Sokrates&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlexander+of+Trebizond" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFD700; text-align:center;"><div>Alexander of Trebizond </div><div><b><a href="/wiki/Komnenos" title="Komnenos">Komnenos</a> dynasty</b></div><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"><b>Born:</b> c. 1405</span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"> <b>Died:</b> c. 1459</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">Regnal titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_IV_of_Trebizond" title="John IV of Trebizond">John IV</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Trapezuntine_emperors" title="List of Trapezuntine emperors">Trapezuntine emperor</a> </b><br />c. 1451–1459<br /><i>with <a href="/wiki/John_IV_of_Trebizond" title="John IV of Trebizond">John IV</a></i> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_IV_of_Trebizond" title="John IV of Trebizond">John IV</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": 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navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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id="Emperors_of_Trebizond" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Trapezuntine_emperors" title="List of Trapezuntine emperors">Emperors of Trebizond</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexios_I_of_Trebizond" title="Alexios I of Trebizond">Alexios I</a> (w. <i><a href="/wiki/David_Komnenos" title="David Komnenos">David</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_I_of_Trebizond" title="Andronikos I of Trebizond">Andronikos I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_I_of_Trebizond" title="John I of Trebizond">John I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_I_of_Trebizond" title="Manuel I of Trebizond">Manuel I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_II_of_Trebizond" title="Andronikos II of Trebizond">Andronikos II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George,_Emperor_of_Trebizond" title="George, Emperor of Trebizond">George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_II_of_Trebizond" title="John II of Trebizond">John II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodora_of_Trebizond" title="Theodora of Trebizond">Theodora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexios_II_of_Trebizond" title="Alexios II of Trebizond">Alexios II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_III_of_Trebizond" title="Andronikos III of Trebizond">Andronikos III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_II_of_Trebizond" title="Manuel II of Trebizond">Manuel II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basil_of_Trebizond" title="Basil of Trebizond">Basil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irene_Palaiologina_of_Trebizond" title="Irene Palaiologina of Trebizond">Irene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Anachoutlou" title="Anna Anachoutlou">Anna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_III_of_Trebizond" title="John III of Trebizond">John III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_of_Trebizond" title="Michael of Trebizond">Michael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexios_III_of_Trebizond" title="Alexios III of Trebizond">Alexios III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_III_of_Trebizond" title="Manuel III of Trebizond">Manuel III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexios_IV_of_Trebizond" title="Alexios IV of Trebizond">Alexios IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_IV_of_Trebizond" title="John IV of Trebizond">John IV</a> <span class="nowrap">(w. <i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alexander</a></i>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexios_V_of_Trebizond" title="Alexios V of Trebizond">Alexios V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_of_Trebizond" title="David of Trebizond">David</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Komnenoi_of_the_Byzantine_Empire_and_the_Empire_of_Trebizond" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Komnenoi" title="Template:Komnenoi"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Komnenoi" title="Template talk:Komnenoi"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Komnenoi" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Komnenoi"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Komnenoi_of_the_Byzantine_Empire_and_the_Empire_of_Trebizond" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">The <a href="/wiki/Komnenos" title="Komnenos">Komnenoi</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Komnenos_dynasty" title="Byzantine Empire under the Komnenos dynasty">Byzantine Empire</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Trebizond" title="Empire of Trebizond">Empire of Trebizond</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">1st generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nikephoros_Komnenos" title="Nikephoros Komnenos">Nikephoros Komnenos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Erotikos_Komnenos" title="Manuel Erotikos Komnenos">Manuel Erotikos Komnenos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">2nd generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Isaac_I_Komnenos" title="Isaac I Komnenos">Isaac I Komnenos</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Komnenos_(Domestic_of_the_Schools)" title="John Komnenos (Domestic of the Schools)">John Komnenos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">3rd generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Komnenos_(kouropalates)" title="Manuel Komnenos (kouropalates)">Manuel Komnenos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Komnenos_(brother_of_Alexios_I)" title="Isaac Komnenos (brother of Alexios I)">Isaac Komnenos</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Alexios_I_Komnenos" title="Alexios I Komnenos">Alexios I Komnenos</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrianos_Komnenos" title="Adrianos Komnenos">Adrianos Komnenos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikephoros_Komnenos_(brother_of_Alexios_I)" title="Nikephoros Komnenos (brother of Alexios I)">Nikephoros Komnenos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">4th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Komnenos_(governor_of_Dyrrhachium)" title="John Komnenos (governor of Dyrrhachium)">John Komnenos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexios_Komnenos_(governor_of_Dyrrhachium)" title="Alexios Komnenos (governor of Dyrrhachium)">Alexios Komnenos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_Komnenos" title="Constantine Komnenos">Constantine Komnenos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_IV_of_Ohrid" title="John IV of Ohrid">Adrianos/John IV, Archbishop of Ohrid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Komnene" title="Anna Komnene">Anna Komnene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Komnene_(daughter_of_Alexios_I)" title="Maria Komnene (daughter of Alexios I)">Maria Komnene</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/John_II_Komnenos" title="John II Komnenos">John II Komnenos</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_Komnenos_(son_of_Alexios_I)" title="Andronikos Komnenos (son of Alexios I)">Andronikos Komnenos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Komnenos_(son_of_Alexios_I)" title="Isaac Komnenos (son of Alexios I)">Isaac Komnenos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudokia_Komnene_(daughter_of_Alexios_I)" title="Eudokia Komnene (daughter of Alexios I)">Eudokia Komnene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodora_Komnene_(daughter_of_Alexios_I)" title="Theodora Komnene (daughter of Alexios I)">Theodora Komnene</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">5th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Alexios_Komnenos_(co-emperor)" title="Alexios Komnenos (co-emperor)">Alexios Komnenos</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_Komnenos_(son_of_John_II)" title="Andronikos Komnenos (son of John II)">Andronikos Komnenos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Komnenos_(son_of_John_II)" title="Isaac Komnenos (son of John II)">Isaac Komnenos</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Manuel_I_Komnenos" title="Manuel I Komnenos">Manuel I Komnenos</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tzelepes_Komnenos" title="John Tzelepes Komnenos">John Tzelepes Komnenos</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_I_Komnenos" title="Andronikos I Komnenos">Andronikos I Komnenos</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">6th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Doukas_Komnenos" title="John Doukas Komnenos">John Doukas Komnenos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodora_Komnene,_Duchess_of_Austria" title="Theodora Komnene, Duchess of Austria">Theodora Komnene, Duchess of Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexios_Komnenos_(protosebastos)" title="Alexios Komnenos (protosebastos)">Alexios Komnenos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Komnene,_Queen_of_Hungary" title="Maria Komnene, Queen of Hungary">Maria Komnene, Queen of Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodora_Komnene,_Queen_of_Jerusalem" title="Theodora Komnene, Queen of Jerusalem">Theodora Komnene, Queen of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Komnene_(daughter_of_Manuel_I)" title="Maria Komnene (daughter of Manuel I)">Maria Komnene</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Alexios_II_Komnenos" title="Alexios II Komnenos">Alexios II Komnenos</a></b></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexios_Komnenos_(illegitimate_son_of_Manuel_I)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexios Komnenos (illegitimate son of Manuel I) (page does not exist)">Alexios Komnenos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Komnenos_(son_of_Andronikos_I)" title="Manuel Komnenos (son of Andronikos I)">Manuel Komnenos</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/John_Komnenos_(son_of_Andronikos_I)" title="John Komnenos (son of Andronikos I)">John Komnenos</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexios_Komnenos_(son_of_Andronikos_I)" title="Alexios Komnenos (son of Andronikos I)">Alexios Komnenos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">7th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Komnene,_Queen_of_Jerusalem" title="Maria Komnene, Queen of Jerusalem">Maria Komnene, Queen of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodora_Komnene,_Princess_of_Antioch" title="Theodora Komnene, Princess of Antioch">Theodora Komnene, Princess of Antioch</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/David_Komnenos" title="David Komnenos">David Komnenos</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Alexios_I_of_Trebizond" title="Alexios I of Trebizond">Alexios I Megas Komnenos</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">8th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/John_I_of_Trebizond" title="John I of Trebizond">John I Axouchos</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Manuel_I_of_Trebizond" title="Manuel I of Trebizond">Manuel I Megas Komnenos</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">9th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_II_of_Trebizond" title="Andronikos II of Trebizond">Andronikos II Megas Komnenos</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Theodora_of_Trebizond" title="Theodora of Trebizond">Theodora Megale Komnene</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/George,_Emperor_of_Trebizond" title="George, Emperor of Trebizond">George Megas Komnenos</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/John_II_of_Trebizond" title="John II of Trebizond">John II Megas Komnenos</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">10th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Alexios_II_of_Trebizond" title="Alexios II of Trebizond">Alexios II Megas Komnenos</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Michael_of_Trebizond" title="Michael of Trebizond">Michael Megas Komnenos</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">11th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_III_of_Trebizond" title="Andronikos III of Trebizond">Andronikos III Megas Komnenos</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Basil_of_Trebizond" title="Basil of Trebizond">Basil Megas Komnenos</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Anna_Anachoutlou" title="Anna Anachoutlou">Anna Anachoutlou</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/John_III_of_Trebizond" title="John III of Trebizond">John III Megas Komnenos</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">12th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Manuel_II_of_Trebizond" title="Manuel II of Trebizond">Manuel II Megas Komnenos</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Alexios_III_of_Trebizond" title="Alexios III of Trebizond">Alexios III Megas Komnenos</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">13th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anna_of_Trebizond,_Queen_of_Georgia" title="Anna of Trebizond, Queen of Georgia">Anna Megale Komnene, Queen of Georgia</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Manuel_III_of_Trebizond" title="Manuel III of Trebizond">Manuel III Megas Komnenos</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudokia_of_Trebizond" title="Eudokia of Trebizond">Eudokia Megale Komnene, Lady of Sinop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">14th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Alexios_IV_of_Trebizond" title="Alexios IV of Trebizond">Alexios IV Megas Komnenos</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">15th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/John_IV_of_Trebizond" title="John IV of Trebizond">John IV Megas Komnenos</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_of_Trebizond" class="mw-redirect" title="Maria of Trebizond">Maria Megale Komnene, Byzantine Empress</a></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alexander Megas Komnenos</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/David_of_Trebizond" title="David of Trebizond">David Megas Komnenos</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">16th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Despina_Khatun" title="Despina Khatun">Theodora Megale Komnene ("Despina Khatun")</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Alexios_V_of_Trebizond" title="Alexios V of Trebizond">Alexios V Megas Komnenos</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Uncertain generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eudokia_Komnene,_Lady_of_Montpellier" title="Eudokia Komnene, Lady of Montpellier">Eudokia Komnene, Lady of Montpellier</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Related subjects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AIMA_prophecy" title="AIMA prophecy">AIMA prophecy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Only <a href="/wiki/Patrilineality" title="Patrilineality">male-line descendants</a> who are independently notable are shown. Rulers and co-rulers are denoted in <b>bold</b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alexander_of_Trebizond&oldid=1253197920">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alexander_of_Trebizond&oldid=1253197920</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:15th-century_emperors_of_Trebizond" title="Category:15th-century emperors of Trebizond">15th-century emperors of Trebizond</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_the_Empire_of_Trebizond" title="Category:People from the Empire of Trebizond">People from the Empire of Trebizond</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Grand_Komnenos_dynasty" title="Category:Grand Komnenos dynasty">Grand Komnenos dynasty</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1450s_deaths" title="Category:1450s deaths">1450s deaths</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Good_articles" title="Category:Good articles">Good articles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Greek-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Greek-language text">Articles containing Greek-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)" title="Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)">CS1 German-language sources (de)</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 24 October 2024, at 20:17<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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