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href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seziz_Savannah" title="Seziz Savannah – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Seziz Savannah" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belejringen_af_Savannah" title="Belejringen af Savannah – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Belejringen af Savannah" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sitio_de_Savannah" title="Sitio de Savannah – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sitio de Savannah" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C3%A8ge_de_Savannah" title="Siège de Savannah – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Siège de Savannah" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assedio_di_Savannah" title="Assedio di Savannah – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Assedio di Savannah" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%90%E3%83%B3%E3%83%8A%E5%8C%85%E5%9B%B2%E6%88%A6" title="サバンナ包囲戦 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サバンナ包囲戦" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beleiringen_av_Savannah" title="Beleiringen av Savannah – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Beleiringen av Savannah" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwa_pod_Savannah" title="Bitwa pod Savannah – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bitwa pod Savannah" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Осада Саванны – Russian" lang="ru" 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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Savannah_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Battle of Savannah (disambiguation)">Battle of Savannah (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_footnotes_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-More_footnotes_needed" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a list of <a 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.desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-clear-right"><div><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Siege of Savannah</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British-attack-on-american-forces-in-savannah-georgia-in-the-revolutionary.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/British-attack-on-american-forces-in-savannah-georgia-in-the-revolutionary.jpg/300px-British-attack-on-american-forces-in-savannah-georgia-in-the-revolutionary.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/British-attack-on-american-forces-in-savannah-georgia-in-the-revolutionary.jpg/450px-British-attack-on-american-forces-in-savannah-georgia-in-the-revolutionary.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/British-attack-on-american-forces-in-savannah-georgia-in-the-revolutionary.jpg/600px-British-attack-on-american-forces-in-savannah-georgia-in-the-revolutionary.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="487" /></a></span><br /><i>Attack on Savannah</i>, by A. I. Keller</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>16 September – 18 October 1779</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Savannah,_Georgia" title="Savannah, Georgia">Savannah, Georgia</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> British victory</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/United_Colonies" title="United Colonies">United States</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France"><img alt="Kingdom of France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg/23px-Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg/35px-Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg/45px-Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">Kingdom of France</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain"><img alt="Kingdom of Great Britain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">Great Britain</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Lincoln" title="Benjamin Lincoln">Benjamin Lincoln</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lachlan_McIntosh" title="Lachlan McIntosh">Lachlan McIntosh</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Casimir_Pulaski" title="Casimir Pulaski">Casimir Pulaski</a> <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France"><img alt="Kingdom of France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg/23px-Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg/35px-Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg/45px-Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Curt_von_Stedingk" title="Curt von Stedingk">Curt von Stedingk</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France"><img alt="Kingdom of France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg/23px-Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg/35px-Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg/45px-Royal_Standard_of_the_King_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Comte_d%27Estaing" class="mw-redirect" title="Comte d'Estaing">Comte d'Estaing</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain"><img alt="Kingdom of Great Britain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Augustine_Pr%C3%A9vost" title="Augustine Prévost">Augustine Prévost</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain"><img alt="Kingdom of Great Britain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/John_Maitland_(British_Army_officer)" title="John Maitland (British Army officer)">John Maitland</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <i>Ground units</i>:<br />7,722<sup id="cite_ref-Elliot71_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elliot71-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><i>Naval units</i>:<br /> 42 ships</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <i>Ground units</i>:<br />4,813<sup id="cite_ref-Elliot71_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elliot71-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><i>Naval units</i>:<br /> 8 vessels</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> 244 killed<br />584 wounded<br />120 captured<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> 40 killed<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />63 wounded<br />52 missing<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_American_Revolutionary_War:_Southern_1775%E2%80%931779" title="Template talk:Campaignbox American Revolutionary War: Southern 1775–1779"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_American_Revolutionary_War:_Southern_1775%E2%80%931779" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox American Revolutionary War: Southern 1775–1779"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Southern_theater_1775–1779" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Southern_theater_of_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="Southern theater of the American Revolutionary War"><span class="wrap">Southern theater</span></a> <br /> 1775–1779</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>1775</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gunpowder_Incident" title="Gunpowder Incident">Gunpowder Incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kemp%27s_Landing" title="Battle of Kemp's Landing">Kemp's Landing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_Campaign" title="Snow Campaign">Snow Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Savage%27s_Old_Fields" title="Siege of Savage's Old Fields">Savage's Old Fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Great_Cane_Brake" title="Battle of Great Cane Brake">Great Cane Brake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Great_Bridge" title="Battle of Great Bridge">Great Bridge</a></li></ul> <p><b>1776</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burning_of_Norfolk" title="Burning of Norfolk">Norfolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Moore%27s_Creek_Bridge" title="Battle of Moore's Creek Bridge">Moore's Creek Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Rice_Boats" title="Battle of the Rice Boats">Rice Boats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sullivan%27s_Island" title="Battle of Sullivan's Island">Sullivan's Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gwynn%27s_Island" title="Battle of Gwynn's Island">Gwynn's Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lindley%27s_Fort" title="Battle of Lindley's Fort">Lindley's Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Coweecho_River" title="Battle of Coweecho River">Coweecho River</a></li></ul> <p><b>1777</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Thomas_Creek" title="Battle of Thomas Creek">Thomas Creek</a></li></ul> <p><b>1778</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Alligator_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Alligator Bridge">Alligator Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Savannah" title="Capture of Savannah">1st Savannah</a></li></ul> <p><b>1779</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Beaufort" title="Battle of Beaufort">Beaufort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Van_Creek" title="Battle of Van Creek">Van Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kettle_Creek" title="Battle of Kettle Creek">Kettle Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Brier_Creek" title="Battle of Brier Creek">Brier Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_raid" title="Chesapeake raid">Chesapeake raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stono_Ferry" title="Battle of Stono Ferry">Stono Ferry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Fort_Bute" title="Capture of Fort Bute">Fort Bute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lake_Pontchartrain" title="Battle of Lake Pontchartrain">Lake Pontchartrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_of_11_September_1779" title="Action of 11 September 1779">Charles Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Baton_Rouge_(1779)" title="Battle of Baton Rouge (1779)">Baton Rouge</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2nd Savannah</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div> <p>The <b>siege of Savannah</b> or the <b>second battle of Savannah</b> was an encounter of the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a> (1775–1783) in 1779. The year before, the city of <a href="/wiki/Savannah,_Georgia" title="Savannah, Georgia">Savannah, Georgia</a>, had been <a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Savannah" title="Capture of Savannah">captured</a> by a <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">British</a> expeditionary corps under <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant-Colonel" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant-Colonel">Lieutenant-Colonel</a> <a href="/wiki/Archibald_Campbell_(British_Army_officer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Archibald Campbell (British Army officer)">Archibald Campbell</a>. The siege itself consisted of a joint <a href="/wiki/Franco-American_alliance" title="Franco-American alliance">Franco-American</a> attempt to retake Savannah, from September 16 to October 18, 1779. On October 9 a major assault against the British siege works failed. During the attack, Polish nobleman Count <a href="/wiki/Casimir_Pulaski" title="Casimir Pulaski">Casimir Pulaski</a>, leading the combined <a href="/wiki/Cavalry" title="Cavalry">cavalry</a> forces on the American side, was mortally wounded. With the failure of the joint attack, the <a href="/wiki/Siege" title="Siege">siege</a> was abandoned, and the British remained in control of Savannah until July 1782, near the end of the war. </p><p>In 1779, more than 500 <a href="/wiki/Chasseurs-Volontaires_de_Saint-Domingue" title="Chasseurs-Volontaires de Saint-Domingue">recruits from Saint-Domingue</a> (the French colony which later became <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a>), under the overall command of French nobleman <a href="/wiki/Charles_Hector,_Comte_d%27Estaing" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Hector, Comte d'Estaing">Charles Hector, Comte d'Estaing</a>, fought alongside American colonial troops against the <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a> during the siege of Savannah. This was one of the most significant foreign contributions to the American Revolutionary War.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This French-colonial force had been established six months earlier and was led by white officers. Recruits came from the black population and included <a href="/wiki/Free_people_of_color#Saint-Domingue" title="Free people of color">free men of color</a> as well as slaves seeking their freedom in exchange for their service.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Savannah&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the failures of military campaigns in the northern <a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies" title="Thirteen Colonies">United States</a> earlier in the American Revolutionary War, British military planners decided to embark on a southern strategy to conquer the rebellious colonies, with the support of <a href="/wiki/Loyalist_(American_Revolution)" title="Loyalist (American Revolution)">Loyalists</a> in the South. Their first step was to gain control of the southern ports of <a href="/wiki/Savannah,_Georgia" title="Savannah, Georgia">Savannah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Georgia" title="Province of Georgia">Georgia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charleston,_South_Carolina" title="Charleston, South Carolina">Charleston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Province_of_South_Carolina" title="Province of South Carolina">South Carolina</a>. An expedition in December 1778 took Savannah with modest resistance from ineffective <a href="/wiki/Militia_(United_States)" title="Militia (United States)">militia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Continental_Army" title="Continental Army">Continental Army</a> defenses. </p><p>There were many reasons why the British wanted to invade the Southern colonies. Although part of America, the Southern colonies tended to be more sympathetic to the British than to the Americans. The British were hoping that ordinary citizens of the Southern colonies would continue their support of the British army during the southern campaign, as they had in prior years.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moreover, the British were promising that any enslaved African Americans who fought for the British would be given freedom, which helped gain support for the British among southern slaves.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Finally, the British wanted to gain control over the South for economic reasons. The South grew many profitable crops, such as <a href="/wiki/Rice" title="Rice">rice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indigofera" title="Indigofera">indigo</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tobacco" title="Tobacco">tobacco</a>. The American revolutionaries were using the money made from those crops to buy military supplies from Europe. Taking over the south would not only isolate New England, but also give the British access to those resources.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When British generals were scouting the coast, they spotted the first French ships sailing to Charleston, South Carolina. However, <a href="/wiki/Augustine_Pr%C3%A9vost" title="Augustine Prévost">General Augustin Prevost</a> mistakenly reported that the French ships had disappeared. He did not realize that the ships he saw were the faster ships of a group sent by French general d'Estaing to tell the American army they had arrived in Georgia. Prevost had been previously informed that a French army had arrived in Georgia. However, this information was not backed up by other intelligence. As a result, the British were unprepared for a possible French attack. Most of the British troops were in Beaufort or Sunbury, and fewer men were defending Georgia.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Continental Army regrouped, and by June 1779 the combined army and militia forces guarding Charleston numbered between 5,000 and 7,000 men. General <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Lincoln" title="Benjamin Lincoln">Benjamin Lincoln</a>, commanding those forces, knew that he could not recapture Savannah without naval assistance; for this he turned to the French, who had entered the war <a href="/wiki/Franco-American_Alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="Franco-American Alliance">as an American ally</a> in 1778. French Admiral the <a href="/wiki/Comte_d%27Estaing" class="mw-redirect" title="Comte d'Estaing">Comte d'Estaing</a> spent the first part of 1779 in the Caribbean, where his fleet and a British fleet monitored each other's movements. He took advantage of conditions to <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Grenada" title="Battle of Grenada">capture</a> <a href="/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada">Grenada</a> in July before acceding to American requests for support in operations against Savannah. On September 3—an uncharacteristically early arrival as there was still substantial risk of seasonal <a href="/wiki/Hurricane" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane">hurricanes</a>—a few French ships arrived at Charleston with news that d'Estaing was sailing for Georgia with twenty-five <a href="/wiki/Ships_of_the_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Ships of the line">ships of the line</a> and 4,000 French troops. Lincoln and the French emissaries agreed on a plan of attack on Savannah, and Lincoln left Charleston with over 2,000 men on September 11. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Order_of_Battle">Order of Battle</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Savannah&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Order of Battle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Allies">Allies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Savannah&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Allies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Commanding General of Allied Forces, <a href="/wiki/Major_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Major General">Major General</a> <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Lincoln" title="Benjamin Lincoln">Benjamin Lincoln</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Continentals">Continentals</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Savannah&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Continentals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>Artillery & Engineers</b>, commanded by <a href="/wiki/Colonel" title="Colonel">Colonel</a> B. Beckman <ul><li><a href="/wiki/4th_South_Carolina_Regiment" title="4th South Carolina Regiment">4th South Carolina Regiment of Continental Artillery</a> (1 coy)</li></ul></li> <li><b>1st Brigade</b>, commanded by <a href="/wiki/Brigadier_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Brigadier General">Brigadier General</a> <a href="/wiki/Lachlan_McIntosh" title="Lachlan McIntosh">Lachlan McIntosh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3rd_South_Carolina_Regiment" title="3rd South Carolina Regiment">3rd South Carolina Regiment (Rangers)</a> – Cavalry (2 sqns)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1st_South_Carolina_Regiment" title="1st South Carolina Regiment">1st South Carolina Regiment</a> – Infantry (1 small company)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_South_Carolina_Regiment" title="6th South Carolina Regiment">6th South Carolina Regiment (Rifles)</a> – Riflemen (roughly one small coy)</li></ul></li> <li><b>2nd Brigade</b>, commanded by <a href="/wiki/Brigadier_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Brigadier General">Brigadier General</a> <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Huger" title="Isaac Huger">Isaac Huger</a> <ul><li>1st Virginia Detachment (4 coys) – Col. Richard Parker</li> <li>Huger's Continental Regiment (4 coys)</li> <li>Skirving's South Carolina Militia (2 coys)</li> <li>Harden's South Carolina Militia (1 coy)</li> <li>Garden's South Carolina Militia (1 coy)</li></ul></li> <li><b>Georgia Militia Brigade</b>, commanded by <a href="/wiki/Brigadier_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Brigadier General">Brigadier General</a> <a href="/wiki/Lachlan_McIntosh" title="Lachlan McIntosh">Lachlan McIntosh</a> <ul><li>Few's Georgia Militia (1 small coy)</li> <li>Dooley's Georgia Militia (1 coy)</li> <li>Twig's Georgia Militia (1 coy)</li> <li>Middleton's Georgia Militia (1 extremely reduced coy)</li></ul></li> <li><b>Charleston Militia</b> <ul><li>2nd Militia Brigade commanded by <a href="/wiki/Colonel" title="Colonel">Colonel</a> M. Simmons (2 coys)</li> <li>Light Troops commanded by <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_colonel" title="Lieutenant colonel">Lieutenant colonel</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Laurens" title="John Laurens">John Laurens</a> (1 strengthened coy)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="French">French</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Savannah&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: French"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Commanding General, Lieutenant-general <a href="/wiki/Charles_Henri_Hector,_Count_of_Estaing" title="Charles Henri Hector, Count of Estaing">Count Estaing</a> <small><b>WIA</b></small> <ul><li>Chief Engineer, Captain <a href="/wiki/Antoine_O%27Connor" title="Antoine O'Connor">Antoine O'Connor</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>Vanguard of the Army</b>, Col. Viscount Jules Béthisy <small><b>WIA</b></small> <ul><li>Volunteer Grenadier Company, Capt. Aubery</li> <li>Volunteer Grenadier Company, Capt. Herneville</li> <li>Volunteer Grenadier Company, Capt. De Veone</li> <li>Grenadier Company of <a href="/wiki/Armagnac_Regiment" title="Armagnac Regiment">Armagnac Regiment</a></li> <li>Chasseur Company of Armagnac Regiment</li> <li>Grenadier Company of <a href="/wiki/Ag%C3%A9nois_Regiment" title="Agénois Regiment">Agénois Regiment</a></li> <li>Chasseur Company of <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A2tinais_Regiment" title="Gâtinais Regiment">Gâtinais Regiment</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>Right Column</b>, Col. Count <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Dillon_(1750%E2%80%931794)" title="Arthur Dillon (1750–1794)">Arthur Dillon</a> <ul><li>Vanguard of the Right Column <ul><li>Volunteer Grenadier Company, Capt. Moëdermotte</li></ul></li> <li>Battalion of Grenadiers <ul><li>Grenadier Company of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Auxerrois_Regiment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Auxerrois Regiment (page does not exist)">Auxerrois Regiment</a></li> <li>Grenadier Company of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Foix_Regiment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Foix Regiment (page does not exist)">Foix Regiment</a></li> <li>Grenadier Company of <a href="/wiki/Dillon%27s_Regiment_(France)" title="Dillon's Regiment (France)">Dillon's Regiment</a></li> <li>Grenadier Company of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guadeloupe_Regiment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guadeloupe Regiment (page does not exist)">Guadeloupe Regiment</a></li> <li>Chasseur Company of Guadeloupe Regiment</li></ul></li> <li>Battalion of Grenadiers and Chasseurs <ul><li>Grenadier Company of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cambr%C3%A9sis_Regiment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cambrésis Regiment (page does not exist)">Cambrésis Regiment</a></li> <li>Grenadier Company of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hainault_Regiment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hainault Regiment (page does not exist)">Hainault Regiment</a></li> <li>Chasseur Company of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Champagne_Regiment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Champagne Regiment (page does not exist)">Champagne Regiment</a></li> <li>Chasseur Company of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Regiment_du_Cap&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regiment du Cap (page does not exist)">Regiment du Cap</a></li> <li>Chasseur Company of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Port-au-Prince_Regiment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Port-au-Prince Regiment (page does not exist)">Port-au-Prince Regiment</a></li> <li>Detachments of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dragoon_Regiment_Cond%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dragoon Regiment Condé (page does not exist)">Dragoon Regiment Condé</a> and of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dragoon_Regiment_Belsunce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dragoon Regiment Belsunce (page does not exist)">Dragoon Regiment Belsunce</a> [dismounted]</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><b>Left Column</b>, Col. Baron <a href="/wiki/Curt_von_Stedingk" title="Curt von Stedingk">Steding</a> <small><b>WIA</b></small> <ul><li>Regiment of Fusiliers <ul><li>Fusilier Company of Armagnac Regiment</li> <li>Fusilier Company of Auxerrois Regiment</li> <li>Fusilier Company Foix Regiment</li> <li>Fusilier Company of Dillon's Regiment</li> <li>Fusilier Company of <a href="/wiki/Royal_Irish_Regiment_of_Foot_Guards" title="Royal Irish Regiment of Foot Guards">Walsh Regiment</a></li></ul></li> <li>Regiment of Fusiliers <ul><li>Fusilier Company of Cambresis Regiment</li> <li>Fusilier Company of Hainault Regiment</li> <li>Fusilier Company of Regiment du Cap</li> <li>Fusilier Company of Guadeloupe Regiment</li> <li>Fusilier Company of Port-au-Prince Regiment</li></ul></li> <li>Detachments of Dragoon Regiment Condé and of Dragoon Regiment Belsunce [dismounted]</li></ul></li> <li><b>Reserve Column</b>, <a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%A9chal_de_camp" title="Maréchal de camp">Maréchal de camp</a> Viscount <a href="/wiki/Louis_Marie_de_Noailles" title="Louis Marie de Noailles">Louis Marie de Noailles</a> <ul><li>Reserve Corps <ul><li>Troops drawn from left and right columns</li> <li>Detachment from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metz_Artillery_Regiment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metz Artillery Regiment (page does not exist)">Metz Artillery Regiment</a></li></ul></li> <li>Troops Remaining Entrenched, Maj. Jean-Claude-Louis de Sablières <ul><li>Detachment of <a href="/wiki/Chasseurs-Volontaires_de_Saint-Domingue" title="Chasseurs-Volontaires de Saint-Domingue">Volunteer Chasseurs of San Domingo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenadiers-Volontaires_de_Saint-Domingue&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grenadiers-Volontaires de Saint-Domingue (page does not exist)">Volunteer Grenadiers of San Domingo</a>, Maj. Des Français</li> <li>Detachement of Royal Corps of Marines</li> <li>Chasseur Company of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Martinique_Regiment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martinique Regiment (page does not exist)">Martinique Regiment</a></li> <li>Fusilier Company of Martinique Regiment</li> <li>Detachments of Dragoon Regiment Condé and of Dragoon Regiment Belsunce [dismounted], M. Dejean</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><b>Troops Remaining in the Batteries</b> <ul><li>Right Battery <ul><li>Detachment of <a href="/wiki/Troupes_de_la_Marine" title="Troupes de la Marine">Royal Corps of Marine Infantry</a></li></ul></li> <li>Left Battery <ul><li>Detachment from Metz Artillery Regiment</li> <li>Detachment of Volunteer Chasseurs of San Domingo</li></ul></li> <li>Mortar Battary <ul><li>Detachment of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardiers_de_la_Marine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bombardiers de la Marine (page does not exist)">Bombardiers of the Navy</a></li> <li>Detachment of Volunteer Chasseurs of San Domingo</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <p>Source:<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="British">British</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Savannah&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: British"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Commanding Officer, <a href="/wiki/Major_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Major General">Major General</a> <a href="/wiki/Augustine_Pr%C3%A9vost" title="Augustine Prévost">Augustine Prévost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/16th_Regiment_of_Foot" class="mw-redirect" title="16th Regiment of Foot">16th Regiment of Foot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/71st_Regiment_of_Foot,_Fraser%27s_Highlanders" title="71st Regiment of Foot, Fraser's Highlanders">71st Regiment of Foot (Fraser's Highlanders)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Carolina_Dragoons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="South Carolina Dragoons (page does not exist)">South Carolina Dragoons</a> (Provincial)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Volunteers" title="New York Volunteers">New York Volunteers</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=North_Carolina_Royalist_Regiment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="North Carolina Royalist Regiment (page does not exist)">North Carolina Royalist Regiment</a> (Provincial)</li> <li>1 Battalion from <a href="/wiki/De_Lancey%27s_Brigade" title="De Lancey's Brigade">De Lancey's Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Rangers" title="King's Rangers">King's Rangers (South Carolinan, Provincial)</a></li> <li>2 German Regiments</li> <li>South Carolina Loyalist Militia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_Loyalists" title="Georgia Loyalists">Georgia Loyalist Militia</a></li> <li>Detachment of <a href="/wiki/Royal_Marines" title="Royal Marines">Royal Marines</a></li> <li>Detachment of Naval gunners serving in the naval battery</li> <li><b>Artillery</b> <ul><li>100 guns, howitzers, and mortars part of the Savannah Defences, including a naval battery</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Defence">Defence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Savannah&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Defence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="British_defenses">British defenses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Savannah&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: British defenses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>British troop strength in the area consisted of about 6,500 <a href="/wiki/Regular_army" title="Regular army">regulars</a> at <a href="/wiki/Brunswick,_Georgia" title="Brunswick, Georgia">Brunswick, Georgia</a>, another 900 at <a href="/wiki/Beaufort,_South_Carolina" title="Beaufort, South Carolina">Beaufort, South Carolina</a>, under <a href="/wiki/Colonel" title="Colonel">Colonel</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Maitland_(colonel)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Maitland (colonel)">John Maitland</a>, and about 100 Loyalists at <a href="/wiki/Sunbury,_Georgia" title="Sunbury, Georgia">Sunbury, Georgia</a>. General <a href="/wiki/Augustine_Prevost" class="mw-redirect" title="Augustine Prevost">Augustine Prevost</a>, in command of these troops from his base at Savannah, was caught unprepared when the French fleet began to arrive off <a href="/wiki/Tybee_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Tybee Island">Tybee Island</a> near Savannah and recalled the troops stationed at Beaufort and Sunbury to aid in the city's defense. </p><p>Captain Moncrief of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Engineers" title="Royal Engineers">Royal Engineers</a> was tasked with constructing fortifications to repulse the invaders. Using 500–800 <a href="/wiki/History_of_slavery_in_Georgia" title="History of slavery in Georgia">African-American slaves</a> working up to twelve hours per day, Moncrief constructed an entrenched defensive line, which included <a href="/wiki/Redoubt" title="Redoubt">redoubts</a>, nearly 1,200 feet (370 m) long, on the plains outside the city. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vessels">Vessels</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Savannah&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Vessels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The British <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> contributed two over-age <a href="/wiki/Frigates" class="mw-redirect" title="Frigates">frigates</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=HMS_Foley_(1749)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HMS Foley (1749) (page does not exist)">HMS <i>Foley</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/HMS_Rose_(1757)" title="HMS Rose (1757)">HMS <i>Rose</i></a>. They landed their guns and most of their men to reinforce the land forces. In addition, the British also deployed the armed <a href="/wiki/Brig" title="Brig">brig</a> <a href="/wiki/HMS_Keppel_(1778)" title="HMS Keppel (1778)">HMS <i>Keppel</i> (1778)</a> and the armed ship <a href="/w/index.php?title=HMS_Germaine_(1779)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HMS Germaine (1779) (page does not exist)"><i>Germaine</i></a>, the latter from the East Florida navy. There were two <a href="/wiki/Galleys" class="mw-redirect" title="Galleys">galleys</a>, <a href="/wiki/HM_galley_Comet_(1777)" title="HM galley Comet (1777)"><i>Comet</i></a> and <i>Thunder</i>, also from East Florida. Lastly, the British armed two merchant vessels, <i>Savannah</i> and <i>Venus</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESayen1986_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESayen1986-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Siege">Siege</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Savannah&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Siege"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Siege_ville_de_Savannah_1779.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Siege_ville_de_Savannah_1779.jpg/300px-Siege_ville_de_Savannah_1779.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Siege_ville_de_Savannah_1779.jpg/450px-Siege_ville_de_Savannah_1779.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Siege_ville_de_Savannah_1779.jpg/600px-Siege_ville_de_Savannah_1779.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2049" data-file-height="1415" /></a><figcaption>A map of the siege</figcaption></figure> <p>D'Estaing began landing troops below the city on September 12, and began moving in by September 16. Confident of victory, and believing that Maitland's reinforcements would be prevented from reaching Savannah by Lincoln, he offered Prevost the opportunity to surrender. Prevost delayed, asking for 24 hours of truce. Owing to miscommunication about who was responsible for preventing Maitland's movements, the waterways separating South Carolina's <a href="/wiki/Hilton_Head_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Hilton Head Island">Hilton Head Island</a> from the mainland were left unguarded, and Maitland was able to reach Savannah hours before the truce ended. Prevost's response to d'Estaing's offer was a polite refusal, despite the arrival of Lincoln's forces. </p><p>On 19 September, as <a href="/wiki/Charles-Marie_de_Trolong_du_Rumain" title="Charles-Marie de Trolong du Rumain">Charles-Marie de Trolong du Rumain</a> moved his squadron up the river, he exchanged fire with <i>Comet</i>, <i>Thunder</i>, <i>Savannah</i>, and <i>Venus</i>. The next day the British scuttled <i>Rose</i>, which was leaking badly, just below the town to impede the French vessels from progressing further. They also burnt <i>Savannah</i> and <i>Venus</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESayen1986_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESayen1986-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By <a href="/wiki/Scuttling" title="Scuttling">scuttling</a> <i>Rose</i> in a narrow part of the channel, the British effectively blocked it. Consequently, the French fleet was unable to assist the American assault. </p><p><i>Germaine</i> took up a position to protect the north side of Savannah's defenses. <i>Comet</i> and <i>Thunder</i> had the mission of opposing any attempt by the South Carolinian galleys to bombard the town. Over the next few days, British shore batteries assisted <i>Comet</i> and <i>Thunder</i> in engagements with the two South Carolinian galleys; during one of these, they severely damaged <i>Revenge</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESayen1986_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESayen1986-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The French commander, rejecting the idea of assaulting the British defenses, unloaded cannons from his ships and began a bombardment of the city. The city, rather than the entrenched defenses, bore the brunt of this bombardment, which lasted from October 3 to 8. "The appearance of the town afforded a melancholy prospect, for there was hardly a house that had not been shot through", wrote one British observer.<sup id="cite_ref-Morrill60_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morrill60-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When the bombardment failed to have the desired effect, d'Estaing changed his mind, and decided it was time to try an assault. He was motivated in part by the desire to finish the operation quickly, as <a href="/wiki/Scurvy" title="Scurvy">scurvy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dysentery" title="Dysentery">dysentery</a> were becoming problems on his ships, and some of his supplies were running low. While a traditional <a href="/wiki/Siege" title="Siege">siege</a> operation would likely have succeeded eventually, it would have taken longer than d'Estaing was prepared to stay. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Attack">Attack</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Savannah&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Attack"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Savannah_1779.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Savannah_1779.png/220px-Savannah_1779.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Savannah_1779.png/330px-Savannah_1779.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Savannah_1779.png/440px-Savannah_1779.png 2x" data-file-width="1057" data-file-height="595" /></a><figcaption>Casimir Pulaski death near Savannah, by <a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Kaczor-Batowski" title="Stanisław Kaczor-Batowski">Stanisław Kaczor-Batowski</a>, 1933</figcaption></figure> <p>Against the advice of many of his officers, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Hector,_comte_d%27Estaing" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Hector, comte d'Estaing">d'Estaing</a> launched the assault against the British position on the morning of October 9. The success depended in part on the secrecy of some its aspects, which were betrayed to Prevost well before the operations were supposed to begin around 4:00 am. Fog caused troops attacking the Spring Hill redoubt to get lost in the swamps, and it was nearly daylight when the attack finally got underway. The redoubt on the right side of the British works had been chosen by the French admiral in part because he believed it to be defended only by militia. In fact, it was defended by a combination of militia and Scotsmen from <a href="/wiki/John_Maitland_(colonel)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Maitland (colonel)">John Maitland</a>'s 71st Regiment of Foot, Fraser's Highlanders, who had distinguished themselves at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stono_Ferry" title="Battle of Stono Ferry">Stono Ferry</a>. The militia included riflemen, who easily picked-off the white-clad French troops when the assault was underway. Admiral d'Estaing was twice wounded, and Polish <a href="/wiki/Cavalry" title="Cavalry">cavalry</a> officer <a href="/wiki/Casimir_Pulaski" title="Casimir Pulaski">Casimir Pulaski</a>, fighting with the Americans, was mortally wounded. By the time the second wave arrived near the redoubt, the first wave was in complete disarray, and the trenches below the redoubt were filled with bodies. Attacks intended as <a href="/wiki/Feint" title="Feint">feints</a> against other redoubts of the British position were easily taken. </p><p>The second assault column was commanded by the Swedish Count <a href="/wiki/Curt_von_Stedingk" title="Curt von Stedingk">Curt von Stedingk</a>, who managed to reach the last trench. He later wrote in his journal, "I had the pleasure of planting the American flag on the last trench, but the enemy renewed its attack and our people were annihilated by cross-fire".<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was forced back by overwhelming numbers of British troops, left with some 20 men—all were wounded, including von Stedingk. He later wrote, "The moment of retreat with the cries of our dying comrades piercing my heart was the bitterest of my life".<sup id="cite_ref-historynet_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-historynet-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After an hour of carnage, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Hector,_comte_d%27Estaing" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Hector, comte d'Estaing">d'Estaing</a> ordered a retreat. On October 17, Lincoln and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Hector,_comte_d%27Estaing" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Hector, comte d'Estaing">d'Estaing</a> abandoned the siege. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath_and_legacy">Aftermath and legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Savannah&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Aftermath and legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The battle was one of the bloodiest of the war. While Prevost claimed Franco-American losses at 1,000 to 1,200, the actual tally of 244 killed, nearly 600 wounded and 120 taken prisoner, was severe enough. British casualties were comparatively light: 40 killed, 63 wounded, and 52 missing. Sir Henry Clinton wrote, "I think that this is the greatest event that has happened the whole war," and celebratory cannons were fired when the news reached London.<sup id="cite_ref-Morrill64_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morrill64-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was perhaps because of the siege's reputation as a famous British victory that <a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a> chose the siege of Savannah as the place for Joe Willet to be wounded (losing his arm) in the novel <i><a href="/wiki/Barnaby_Rudge" title="Barnaby Rudge">Barnaby Rudge</a></i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Three currently-existing Army National Guard units (118th FA,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 131st MP<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 263rd ADA<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) are derived from American units that participated in the siege of Savannah. There are only thirty <a href="/wiki/Army_National_Guard_and_Active_Regular_Army_Units_with_Colonial_Roots" class="mw-redirect" title="Army National Guard and Active Regular Army Units with Colonial Roots">current U.S. Army units with lineages that go back to the colonial era</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Battlefield_archaeology">Battlefield archaeology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Savannah&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Battlefield archaeology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2005, archaeologists with the Coastal Heritage Society (CHS) and the LAMAR Institute discovered portions of the British fortifications at Spring Hill, the site of the worst part of the Franco-American attack on October 9. The find represents the first tangible remains of the battlefield. In 2008, the CHS/LAMAR Institute archaeology team discovered another segment of the British fortifications in Madison Square. A detailed report of that project is available on line in pdf format from the CHS website. CHS archaeologists are currently finalizing a follow-up grant project in Savannah, which examined several outlying portions of the battlefield. These included the position of the Saint-Domingue reserve troops at the Jewish Burying Ground west of Savannah.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An archaeology presentation and public meeting took place in February 2011 to gather suggestions for managing Savannah's Revolutionary War battlefield resources. Archaeologist Rita Elliott from the Coastal Heritage Society revealed Revolutionary War discoveries in Savannah stemming from the two "Savannah Under Fire" projects conducted from 2007 to 2011. The projects uncovered startling discoveries, including trenches, fortifications, and battle debris. The research also showed that residents and tourists are interested in these sites. Archaeologists described the findings and explored ways to generate economic income which could be used for improving the quality-of-life of area residents. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:General_Pulaski_1931_Issue-2c.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/General_Pulaski_1931_Issue-2c.jpg/200px-General_Pulaski_1931_Issue-2c.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/General_Pulaski_1931_Issue-2c.jpg/300px-General_Pulaski_1931_Issue-2c.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/General_Pulaski_1931_Issue-2c.jpg/400px-General_Pulaski_1931_Issue-2c.jpg 2x" data-file-width="568" data-file-height="636" /></a><figcaption>General Casimir Pulaski postage stamp, 1931 Issue, 2c</figcaption></figure> <p>The battle is commemorated each year by <a href="/wiki/List_of_observances_in_the_United_States_by_presidential_proclamation" title="List of observances in the United States by presidential proclamation">Presidential proclamation</a>, on <a href="/wiki/General_Pulaski_Memorial_Day" title="General Pulaski Memorial Day">General Pulaski Memorial Day</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Influence_on_Haitian_revolutionaries">Influence on Haitian revolutionaries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Savannah&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Influence on Haitian revolutionaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The battle is much-remembered in <a href="/wiki/History_of_Haiti" title="History of Haiti">Haitian history</a>;<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> the <a href="/wiki/Chasseurs-Volontaires_de_Saint-Domingue" title="Chasseurs-Volontaires de Saint-Domingue">Chasseurs-Volontaires de Saint-Domingue</a>, consisting of some 545 <i><a href="/wiki/Gens_de_couleur" class="mw-redirect" title="Gens de couleur">gens de couleur</a></i>—<a href="/wiki/Free_people_of_color" title="Free people of color">free men of color</a> from <a href="/wiki/Saint-Domingue" title="Saint-Domingue">Saint-Domingue</a>—fought with the Americans. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Henri_Christophe" title="Henri Christophe">Henri Christophe</a>, who later declared himself to be the king of (northern) Haiti, while a republic was established in southern Haiti, was 12-years old at the time and may have been among these troops. </p><p>Many other less-famous individuals from Saint-Domingue served in this regiment and formed the officer class of the rebel armies in the <a href="/wiki/Haitian_Revolution" title="Haitian Revolution">Haitian Revolution</a>, especially in the northern province around today's <a href="/wiki/Cap-Ha%C3%AFtien" title="Cap-Haïtien">Cap-Haïtien</a>, where the unit was recruited.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Savannah&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War#War_in_the_South" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War § War in the South</a>. Places 'Siege of Savannah' in overall sequence and strategic context.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casimir_Pulaski_Monument_in_Savannah" class="mw-redirect" title="Casimir Pulaski Monument in Savannah">Casimir Pulaski Monument in Savannah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Jasper_Monument" title="William Jasper Monument">William Jasper Monument</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Savannah&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Elliot71-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Elliot71_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Elliot71_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Elliot, Rita Folse & Elliot Daniel T. (2009). <i>Savannah Under Fire, 1779: Identifying Savannah's Revolutionary War Battlefield.</i> Savannah, Ga.: Coastal Heritage Society, p. 71.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Franco-American casualties total 800 (of which 650 are French) plus 120 prisoners</i>. Marley p. 323</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Marley p. 323</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWhite1854" class="citation book cs1">White, George (1 January 1854). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historicalcolle00whitgoog"><i>Historical collections of Georgia</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 July</span> 2016</span> – via Internet Archive. <q>Steamer Pulaski.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+collections+of+Georgia&rft.date=1854-01-01&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoricalcolle00whitgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Savannah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeorge_P._Clark1980" class="citation journal cs1">George P. Clark (1980). "The Role of the Haitian Volunteers at Savannah in 1779: An Attempt at an Objective View". <i>Phylon</i>. <b>41</b> (4): 356–366. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F274860">10.2307/274860</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/274860">274860</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phylon&rft.atitle=The+Role+of+the+Haitian+Volunteers+at+Savannah+in+1779%3A+An+Attempt+at+an+Objective+View&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=356-366&rft.date=1980&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F274860&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F274860%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.au=George+P.+Clark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Savannah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavis2021" class="citation web cs1">Davis, Robert Scott (22 February 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://allthingsliberty.com/2021/02/black-haitian-soldiers-at-the-siege-of-savannah/">"Black Haitian Soldiers at the Siege of Savannah"</a>. <i>Journal of the American Revolution</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Revolution&rft.atitle=Black+Haitian+Soldiers+at+the+Siege+of+Savannah&rft.date=2021-02-22&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Robert+Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fallthingsliberty.com%2F2021%2F02%2Fblack-haitian-soldiers-at-the-siege-of-savannah%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Savannah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHough2009" class="citation book cs1">Hough, Franklin (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZK3ly2Nnm-cC&dq=the+siege+of+savannah&pg=PA3"><i>The Siege of Savannah</i></a>. Applewood Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4290-1947-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4290-1947-7"><bdi>978-1-4290-1947-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Siege+of+Savannah&rft.pub=Applewood+Books&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-4290-1947-7&rft.aulast=Hough&rft.aufirst=Franklin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZK3ly2Nnm-cC%26dq%3Dthe%2Bsiege%2Bof%2Bsavannah%26pg%3DPA3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Savannah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailyhistory.org/Why_did_African_Americans_join_the_British_Army_during_the_American_Revolution">"Why did African Americans join the British Army during the American Revolution"</a>. <i>www.dailyhistory.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-02-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.dailyhistory.org&rft.atitle=Why+did+African+Americans+join+the+British+Army+during+the+American+Revolution&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailyhistory.org%2FWhy_did_African_Americans_join_the_British_Army_during_the_American_Revolution&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Savannah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPearson2015" class="citation book cs1">Pearson, Major Jesse T. (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-bVvCwAAQBAJ&dq=JESSE+T.+PEARSON+THE+FAILURE+OF+BRITISH+STRATEGY+DURING+THE+SOUTHERN+CAMPAIGN++OF+THE+AMERICAN+REVOLUTIONARY+WAR%2C+1780-81&pg=PT4"><i>Failure Of British Strategy During The Southern Campaign Of The American Revolutionary War</i></a>. Pickle Partners Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78625-220-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78625-220-3"><bdi>978-1-78625-220-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Failure+Of+British+Strategy+During+The+Southern+Campaign+Of+The+American+Revolutionary+War&rft.pub=Pickle+Partners+Publishing&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-78625-220-3&rft.aulast=Pearson&rft.aufirst=Major+Jesse+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-bVvCwAAQBAJ%26dq%3DJESSE%2BT.%2BPEARSON%2BTHE%2BFAILURE%2BOF%2BBRITISH%2BSTRATEGY%2BDURING%2BTHE%2BSOUTHERN%2BCAMPAIGN%2B%2BOF%2BTHE%2BAMERICAN%2BREVOLUTIONARY%2BWAR%252C%2B1780-81%26pg%3DPT4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Savannah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLawrencePiecuch2021" class="citation book cs1">Lawrence, Alexander A.; Piecuch, Jim (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2SVJEAAAQBAJ&dq=A+storm+over+Savannah&pg=PP1"><i>Storm Over Savannah: The Story of Count D'Estaing and the Siege of the Town in 1779</i></a>. University of Georgia Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8203-5945-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8203-5945-8"><bdi>978-0-8203-5945-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Storm+Over+Savannah%3A+The+Story+of+Count+D%27Estaing+and+the+Siege+of+the+Town+in+1779&rft.pub=University+of+Georgia+Press&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-0-8203-5945-8&rft.aulast=Lawrence&rft.aufirst=Alexander+A.&rft.au=Piecuch%2C+Jim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2SVJEAAAQBAJ%26dq%3DA%2Bstorm%2Bover%2BSavannah%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Savannah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Elliot, Rita Folse & Elliot Daniel T. (2009). <i>Savannah Under Fire, 1779: Identifying Savannah's Revolutionary War Battlefield.</i> Savannah, Ga.: Coastal Heritage Society, pp. 67–70.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Martin, Scott & Harris, Bernhard F., Jr. (2017). <i>Savannah 1779. The British Turn South.</i> Bloomsbury Publishing.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESayen1986-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESayen1986_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESayen1986_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESayen1986_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSayen1986">Sayen (1986)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Buker (1979).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Morrill60-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Morrill60_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Morrill, p. 60</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RRYEzhkkVkcC&pg=PA34">American Swedish Historical Museum: Yearbook 1957</a></i>, p. 34, at <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-historynet-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-historynet_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150222140758/http://www.historynet.com/siege-of-savannah-during-the-american-revolutionary-war.htm/3">"Siege of Savannah During the American Revolutionary War"</a>. historynet.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historynet.com/siege-of-savannah-during-the-american-revolutionary-war.htm/3">the original</a> on 2015-02-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-05-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Siege+of+Savannah+During+the+American+Revolutionary+War&rft.pub=historynet.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historynet.com%2Fsiege-of-savannah-during-the-american-revolutionary-war.htm%2F3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Savannah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Morrill64-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Morrill64_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Morrill, p. 64</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Department of the Army, Lineage and Honors, 118th Field Artillery.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Department of the Army, Lineage and Honors, 131st Military Police Company.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Department of the Army, Lineage and Honors, 263rd Air Defense Artillery.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thelamarinstitute.org/images/PDFs/publication_175.pdf">"The Greatest Event That has Happened The Whole War"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Thelamarinstitute.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-07-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Thelamarinstitute.org&rft.atitle=The+Greatest+Event+That+has+Happened+The+Whole+War&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthelamarinstitute.org%2Fimages%2FPDFs%2Fpublication_175.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Savannah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thelamarinstitute.org/images/PDFs/publication_173.pdf">"Savannah Under Fire, 1779"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Thelamarinstitute.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-07-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Thelamarinstitute.org&rft.atitle=Savannah+Under+Fire%2C+1779&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthelamarinstitute.org%2Fimages%2FPDFs%2Fpublication_173.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Savannah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thelamarinstitute.org/images/PDFs/publication_174.pdf">"Sav Under Fire Boundaries 2011 Report.pdf"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Thelamarinstitute.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-07-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Thelamarinstitute.org&rft.atitle=Sav+Under+Fire+Boundaries+2011+Report.pdf&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthelamarinstitute.org%2Fimages%2FPDFs%2Fpublication_174.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Savannah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Savannah&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Buker, George E. and Richard Apley Martin (July 1979) "Governor Tonyn's Brown-Water Navy: East Florida during the American Revolution, 1775–1778". <i>Florida Historical Quarterly</i>, Vol. 58, No. 1, pp. 58–71.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Morrill" class="citation book cs1">Morrill, Dan (1993). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/southerncampaign00morr"><i>Southern campaigns of the American Revolution</i></a></span>. Nautical & Aviation Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-877853-21-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-877853-21-6"><bdi>1-877853-21-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Southern+campaigns+of+the+American+Revolution&rft.pub=Nautical+%26+Aviation+Publishing&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=1-877853-21-6&rft.aulast=Morrill&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsoutherncampaign00morr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Savannah" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Marley, David. <i>Wars of the Americas: A Chronology of Armed Conflict in the New World, 1492 to the Present</i>ABC-CLIO (1998). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87436-837-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-87436-837-5">0-87436-837-5</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Reynolds_Jr.2012" class="citation book cs1">Reynolds Jr., William R. (2012). <i>Andrew Pickens: South Carolina Patriot in the Revolutionary War</i>. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-6694-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-6694-8"><bdi>978-0-7864-6694-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Andrew+Pickens%3A+South+Carolina+Patriot+in+the+Revolutionary+War&rft.place=Jefferson%2C+NC&rft.pub=McFarland+%26+Company%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-6694-8&rft.aulast=Reynolds+Jr.&rft.aufirst=William+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Savannah" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSayen1986" class="citation magazine cs1">Sayen, John J. Jr. (October 1986). "Oared Fighting Ships of the South Carolina Navy, 1776–1780". <i>South Carolina Historical Magazine</i>. Vol. 87, no. 4. pp. 213–237.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+Carolina+Historical+Magazine&rft.atitle=Oared+Fighting+Ships+of+the+South+Carolina+Navy%2C+1776%E2%80%931780&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=213-237&rft.date=1986-10&rft.aulast=Sayen&rft.aufirst=John+J.+Jr.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Savannah" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Savannah&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www3.uta.edu/faculty/garrigus/Catalyst.pdf">French free colored participation in the Battle of Savannah</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080905075407/http://lamarinstitute.org/SavannahSiege1779.htm">Summary of Archaeological Finds at Springhill Redoubt</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/negfoto/sets/72157603286171037">Pictures of the "Chasseurs Volontaires" monument</a>, by <a href="/wiki/James_Mastin" title="James Mastin">James Mastin</a>, located in <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Square_(Savannah,_Georgia)" title="Franklin Square (Savannah, Georgia)">Franklin Square, Savannah, Georgia</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="0" class="citation book cs1">J. E. Kaufmann (2004). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780306812941"><i>Fortress America</i></a></span>. Tomasz Idzikowski (illus.). Da Capo Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780306812941/page/123">123</a>–124. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-306-81294-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-306-81294-1"><bdi>978-0-306-81294-1</bdi></a>. <q>de la radiere.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fortress+America&rft.pages=123-124&rft.pub=Da+Capo+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-306-81294-1&rft.au=J.+E.+Kaufmann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9780306812941&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+Savannah" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://georgiainfo.galileo.usg.edu/topics/historical_markers/county/chatham/attack-on-british-lines">Attack on British Lines</a> historical marker</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="American_Revolutionary_War" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:American_Revolutionary_War" title="Template:American Revolutionary War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Origins of the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Philosophy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Enlightenment" title="American Enlightenment">American Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Locke" title="John Locke">John Locke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_history_of_the_United_States" title="Colonial history of the United States">Colonial history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_the_United_States" title="Liberalism in the United States">Liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_the_United_States" title="Republicanism in the United States">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_the_United_States" title="Freedom of religion in the United States">Freedom of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rights_of_Englishmen" title="Rights of Englishmen">Rights of Englishmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_taxation_without_representation" title="No taxation without representation">No taxation without representation</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Common_Sense" title="Common Sense">Common Sense</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_of_%2776_(sentiment)" title="Spirit of '76 (sentiment)">Spirit of '76</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/All_men_are_created_equal" title="All men are created equal">All men are created equal</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Life,_Liberty_and_the_pursuit_of_Happiness" title="Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness">Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Consent_of_the_governed" title="Consent of the governed">Consent of the governed</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expansionism" title="Expansionism">Expansionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Settler_colonialism" title="Settler colonialism">Settler colonialism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Royalists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pitt%E2%80%93Newcastle_ministry" title="Pitt–Newcastle ministry">Pitt–Newcastle ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bute_ministry" title="Bute ministry">Bute ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenville_ministry" title="Grenville ministry">Grenville ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Rockingham_ministry" title="First Rockingham ministry">First Rockingham ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chatham_ministry" title="Chatham ministry">Chatham ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grafton_ministry" title="Grafton ministry">Grafton ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_ministry" title="North ministry">North ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Rockingham_ministry" title="Second Rockingham ministry">Second Rockingham ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelburne_ministry" title="Shelburne ministry">Shelburne ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox%E2%80%93North_coalition" title="Fox–North coalition">Fox–North coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loyalist_(American_Revolution)" title="Loyalist (American Revolution)">Loyalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Loyalist" title="Black Loyalist">Black Loyalist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Related British<br />Acts of Parliament</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Navigation_Acts" title="Navigation Acts">Navigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_Act" title="Iron Act">Iron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molasses_Act" title="Molasses Act">Molasses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Proclamation_of_1763" title="Royal Proclamation of 1763">Royal Proclamation of 1763</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugar_Act" title="Sugar Act">Sugar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Currency_Act" title="Currency Act">Currency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quartering_Acts" title="Quartering Acts">Quartering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stamp_Act_1765" title="Stamp Act 1765">Stamp</a> up i.p.o</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaratory_Act" title="Declaratory Act">Declaratory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Townshend_Acts" title="Townshend Acts">Townshend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_Act" title="Tea Act">Tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebec_Act" title="Quebec Act">Quebec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intolerable_Acts" title="Intolerable Acts">Intolerable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conciliatory_Resolution" title="Conciliatory Resolution">Conciliatory Resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restraining_Acts_1775" title="Restraining Acts 1775">Restraining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_Rebellion" title="Proclamation of Rebellion">Proclamation of Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prohibitory_Act" title="Prohibitory Act">Prohibitory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Colonials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Loyal_Nine" title="Loyal Nine">Loyal Nine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stamp_Act_Congress" title="Stamp Act Congress">Stamp Act Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_Rights_and_Grievances" title="Declaration of Rights and Grievances">Declaration of Rights and Grievances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Association" title="Virginia Association">Virginia Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daughters_of_Liberty" title="Daughters of Liberty">Daughters of Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sons_of_Liberty" title="Sons of Liberty">Sons of Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriot_(American_Revolution)" title="Patriot (American Revolution)">Patriots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Patriot" title="Black Patriot">Black Patriots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committees_of_correspondence" title="Committees of correspondence">Committees of correspondence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_safety_(American_Revolution)" title="Committee of safety (American Revolution)">Committees of safety</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Letters_from_a_Farmer_in_Pennsylvania" title="Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania">Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Circular_Letter" title="Massachusetts Circular Letter">Massachusetts Circular Letter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_Resolves" title="Suffolk Resolves">Suffolk Resolves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Continental_Congress" title="First Continental Congress">First Continental Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Association" title="Continental Association">Continental Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minutemen" title="Minutemen">Minutemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_Congress" title="Provincial Congress">Provincial Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Continental_Congress" title="Second Continental Congress">Second Continental Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Colonies" title="United Colonies">United Colonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olive_Branch_Petition" title="Olive Branch Petition">Olive Branch Petition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_the_Causes_and_Necessity_of_Taking_Up_Arms" title="Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms">Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_Secret_Correspondence" title="Committee of Secret Correspondence">Committee of Secret Correspondence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halifax_Resolves" title="Halifax Resolves">Halifax Resolves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Resolution" title="Lee Resolution">Lee Resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="United States Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Model_Treaty" title="Model Treaty">Model Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Articles_of_Confederation" title="Articles of Confederation">Articles of Confederation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Perpetual_Union" title="Perpetual Union">Perpetual Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Confederation" title="Congress of the Confederation">Confederation Congress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_and_Indian_War" title="French and Indian War">French and Indian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1763)" title="Treaty of Paris (1763)">Treaty of Paris (1763)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Massacre" title="Boston Massacre">Boston Massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_credit_crisis_of_1772%E2%80%931773" title="British credit crisis of 1772–1773">British credit crisis of 1772–1773</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaspee_affair" title="Gaspee affair">Gaspee affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hutchinson_letters_affair" title="Hutchinson letters affair">Hutchinson letters affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Tea_Party" title="Boston Tea Party">Boston Tea Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Tea_Party" title="Philadelphia Tea Party">Philadelphia Tea Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powder_Alarm" title="Powder Alarm">Powder Alarm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div id="*_Combatants_*_Campaigns_*_Theaters_*_Battles_*_Events_*_Colonies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"> <ul><li>Combatants</li> <li>Campaigns</li> <li>Theaters</li> <li>Battles</li> <li>Events</li> <li>Colonies</li></ul> </div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Combatants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/United_Colonies" title="United Colonies">United Colonies</a>/<a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies" title="Thirteen Colonies">Thirteen Colonies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Congress" title="Continental Congress">Continental Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Army" title="Continental Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Navy" title="Continental Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Marines" title="Continental Marines">Marines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">Kingdom of Great Britain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Great_Britain" title="Parliament of Great Britain">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Army#Early_British_Empire" title="British Army">British Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy#1707–1815" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germans_in_the_American_Revolution#European_allies_of_Britain" title="Germans in the American Revolution">European allies of King George III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Colonial allies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/France_in_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="France in the American Revolutionary War">France</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Alliance_(1778)" title="Treaty of Alliance (1778)">Franco-American Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Army" title="French Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Navy" title="French Navy">Navy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roderigue_Hortalez_and_Company" title="Roderigue Hortalez and Company">Hortalez et Cie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germans_in_the_American_Revolution#American_and_European_supporters_of_Congress" title="Germans in the American Revolution">German supporters of Congress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Campaigns and<br />theaters</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_campaign" title="Boston campaign">Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Quebec_(1775)" title="Invasion of Quebec (1775)">Quebec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia_in_the_American_Revolution" title="Nova Scotia in the American Revolution">Nova Scotia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_and_New_Jersey_campaign" title="New York and New Jersey campaign">New York and New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saratoga_campaign" title="Saratoga campaign">Saratoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_campaign" title="Philadelphia campaign">Philadelphia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_theater_of_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="Northern theater of the American Revolutionary War">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_theater_of_the_American_Revolutionary_War_after_Saratoga" title="Northern theater of the American Revolutionary War after Saratoga">Northern after Saratoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_theater_of_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="Southern theater of the American Revolutionary War">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_theater_of_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="Western theater of the American Revolutionary War">Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yorktown_campaign" title="Yorktown campaign">Yorktown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_battles_of_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="Naval battles of the American Revolutionary War">Naval battles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Major <a href="/wiki/List_of_American_Revolutionary_War_battles" title="List of American Revolutionary War battles">battles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_Lexington_and_Concord" title="Battles of Lexington and Concord">Lexington and Concord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Boston" title="Siege of Boston">Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Fort_Ticonderoga" title="Capture of Fort Ticonderoga">Capture of Fort Ticonderoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bunker_Hill" title="Battle of Bunker Hill">Bunker Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Quebec_(1775)" title="Battle of Quebec (1775)">Quebec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Valcour_Island" title="Battle of Valcour Island">Valcour Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Long_Island" title="Battle of Long Island">Long Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Harlem_Heights" title="Battle of Harlem Heights">Harlem Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fort_Washington" title="Battle of Fort Washington">Fort Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trenton" title="Battle of Trenton">Trenton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Assunpink_Creek" title="Battle of the Assunpink Creek">Assunpink Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Princeton" title="Battle of Princeton">Princeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Fort_Ticonderoga_(1777)" title="Siege of Fort Ticonderoga (1777)">Siege of Fort Ticonderoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bennington" title="Battle of Bennington">Bennington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_Saratoga" title="Battles of Saratoga">Saratoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Brandywine" title="Battle of Brandywine">Brandywine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Germantown" title="Battle of Germantown">Germantown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Monmouth" title="Battle of Monmouth">Monmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_St._Lucia" title="Battle of St. Lucia">St. Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Grenada" title="Battle of Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stony_Point" title="Battle of Stony Point">Stony Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sullivan_Expedition" title="Sullivan Expedition">Sullivan Expedition</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Savannah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Siege_of_Gibraltar" title="Great Siege of Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_St._Vincent_(1780)" title="Battle of Cape St. Vincent (1780)">Cape St. Vincent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Charleston" title="Siege of Charleston">Charleston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Connecticut_Farms" title="Battle of Connecticut Farms">Connecticut Farms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Springfield" title="Battle of Springfield">Springfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Camden" title="Battle of Camden">Camden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kings_Mountain" title="Battle of Kings Mountain">Kings Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cowpens" title="Battle of Cowpens">Cowpens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Pensacola" title="Siege of Pensacola">Pensacola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Guilford_Court_House" title="Battle of Guilford Court House">Guilford Court House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lochry%27s_Defeat" title="Lochry's Defeat">Lochry's Defeat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Chesapeake" title="Battle of the Chesapeake">Chesapeake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Yorktown" title="Siege of Yorktown">Yorktown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Saintes" title="Battle of the Saintes">The Saintes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Other events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Peace_Conference" title="Staten Island Peace Conference">Staten Island Peace Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sint_Eustatius#"First_Salute"" title="Sint Eustatius">"First Salute"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington%27s_crossing_of_the_Delaware_River" title="George Washington's crossing of the Delaware River">Washington's crossing of the Delaware River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conway_Cabal" title="Conway Cabal">Conway Cabal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valley_Forge" title="Valley Forge">Valley Forge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco-American_alliance" title="Franco-American alliance">Entry of France into war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlisle_Peace_Commission" title="Carlisle Peace Commission">Carlisle Peace Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Riots" title="Gordon Riots">Gordon Riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Line_Mutiny" title="Pennsylvania Line Mutiny">Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1781</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Sint_Eustatius" title="Capture of Sint Eustatius">Sint Eustatius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newburgh_Conspiracy" title="Newburgh Conspiracy">Newburgh Conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Mutiny_of_1783" title="Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1783">Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1783</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Related conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee%E2%80%93American_wars" title="Cherokee–American wars">Cherokee–American wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Anglo-Dutch_War" title="Fourth Anglo-Dutch War">Fourth Anglo-Dutch War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Anglo-Mysore_War" title="Second Anglo-Mysore War">Second Anglo-Mysore War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Involvement <span class="nobold">(by <br />colony or location)</span></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies" title="Thirteen Colonies">Rebel colonies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Connecticut#The_American_Revolution_(1775–1789)" title="History of Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Line" title="Delaware Line">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_in_the_American_Revolution" title="Georgia in the American Revolution">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryland_in_the_American_Revolution" title="Maryland in the American Revolution">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Massachusetts#Revolutionary_Massachusetts:_1760s–1780s" title="History of Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_New_Hampshire#Revolution:_1775–1815" title="History of New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_in_the_American_Revolution" title="New Jersey in the American Revolution">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_in_the_American_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="New York in the American Revolution">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_in_the_American_Revolution#American_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="North Carolina in the American Revolution">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_in_the_American_Revolution" title="Pennsylvania in the American Revolution">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island_in_the_American_Revolution#Revolutionary_era_1775-1790" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhode Island in the American Revolution">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_in_the_American_Revolution" title="South Carolina in the American Revolution">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_in_the_American_Revolution#American_Revolution" title="Virginia in the American Revolution">Virginia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Loyal colonies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Florida" title="East Florida">East Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia#17th_and_18th_centuries" title="Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Quebec_(1763%E2%80%931791)" title="Province of Quebec (1763–1791)">Quebec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Florida" title="West Florida">West Florida</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div id="Leaders" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Leaders</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">British</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mariot_Arbuthnot" title="Mariot Arbuthnot">Arbuthnot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Brant" title="Joseph Brant">Brant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Burgoyne" title="John Burgoyne">Burgoyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Campbell,_of_Strachur" title="John Campbell, of Strachur">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Carleton,_1st_Baron_Dorchester" title="Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester">Carleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clinton_(British_Army_officer,_born_1730)" title="Henry Clinton (British Army officer, born 1730)">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Cornwallis,_1st_Marquess_Cornwallis" title="Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis">Cornwallis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Fraser_of_Lovat" title="Simon Fraser of Lovat">Fraser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gage" title="Thomas Gage">Gage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Graves,_1st_Baron_Graves" title="Thomas Graves, 1st Baron Graves">Graves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Howe,_1st_Earl_Howe" title="Richard Howe, 1st Earl Howe">Richard Howe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howe,_5th_Viscount_Howe" title="William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe">William Howe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_von_Knyphausen" title="Wilhelm von Knyphausen">Knyphausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Rodney,_1st_Baron_Rodney" title="George Rodney, 1st Baron Rodney">Rodney</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Civilian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_III" title="George III">King George III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffery_Amherst,_1st_Baron_Amherst" title="Jeffery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst">Amherst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Barrington,_2nd_Viscount_Barrington" title="William Barrington, 2nd Viscount Barrington">Barrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Germain,_1st_Viscount_Sackville" title="George Germain, 1st Viscount Sackville">Germain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_North,_Lord_North" title="Frederick North, Lord North">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Watson-Wentworth,_2nd_Marquess_of_Rockingham" title="Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham">Rockingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Montagu,_4th_Earl_of_Sandwich" title="John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich">Sandwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne" title="William Petty, 2nd Earl of Shelburne">Shelburne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Colonial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Alexander,_Lord_Stirling" title="William Alexander, Lord Stirling">Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethan_Allen" title="Ethan Allen">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benedict_Arnold" title="Benedict Arnold">Arnold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Barry_(naval_officer)" title="John Barry (naval officer)">Barry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Claghorn" title="George Claghorn">Claghorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Rogers_Clark" title="George Rogers Clark">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Leb%C3%A8gue_Duportail" title="Louis Lebègue Duportail">Duportail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horatio_Gates" title="Horatio Gates">Gates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathanael_Greene" title="Nathanael Greene">Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton" title="Alexander Hamilton">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esek_Hopkins" title="Esek Hopkins">Hopkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_Jones" title="John Paul Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_de_Kalb" title="Johann de Kalb">de Kalb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Knox" title="Henry Knox">Knox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_du_Motier,_Marquis_de_Lafayette" title="Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette">Lafayette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lee_(general)" title="Charles Lee (general)">Charles Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Lincoln" title="Benjamin Lincoln">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Mercer" title="Hugh Mercer">Mercer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Montgomery" title="Richard Montgomery">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Nicholson" title="Samuel Nicholson">Nicholson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Putnam" title="Israel Putnam">Putnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caesar_Rodney" title="Caesar Rodney">Rodney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_St._Clair" title="Arthur St. Clair">St. Clair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Schuyler" title="Philip Schuyler">Schuyler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_von_Steuben" title="Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben">von Steuben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sullivan_(general)" title="John Sullivan (general)">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemas_Ward" title="Artemas Ward">Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Wayne" title="Anthony Wayne">Wayne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Civilian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">John Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Adams" title="Samuel Adams">Samuel Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Carroll_of_Carrollton" title="Charles Carroll of Carrollton">Carroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dickinson" title="John Dickinson">Dickinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hancock" title="John Hancock">Hancock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hanson" title="John Hanson">Hanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Henry" title="Patrick Henry">Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Huntington_(Connecticut_politician)" title="Samuel Huntington (Connecticut politician)">Huntington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Jay" title="John Jay">Jay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Laurens" title="Henry Laurens">Laurens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Henry_Lee" title="Richard Henry Lee">Richard Henry Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_McKean" title="Thomas McKean">McKean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Morris_(financier)" title="Robert Morris (financier)">Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Revere" title="Paul Revere">Revere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Rush" title="Benjamin Rush">Rush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Witherspoon" title="John Witherspoon">Witherspoon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Colonial allies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="French" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">French</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVI" title="Louis XVI">Louis XVI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Beaumarchais" title="Pierre Beaumarchais">Beaumarchais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Henri_Hector,_Count_of_Estaing" title="Charles Henri Hector, Count of Estaing">d'Estaing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Joseph_Paul_de_Grasse" title="François Joseph Paul de Grasse">de Grasse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luc_Urbain_du_Bou%C3%ABxic,_comte_de_Guichen" title="Luc Urbain du Bouëxic, comte de Guichen">de Guichen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne-C%C3%A9sar_de_La_Luzerne" title="Anne-César de La Luzerne">Luzerne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Donatien_de_Vimeur,_comte_de_Rochambeau" title="Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau">de Rochambeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Andr%C3%A9_de_Suffren" title="Pierre André de Suffren">Suffren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Gravier,_comte_de_Vergennes" title="Charles Gravier, comte de Vergennes">Vergennes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div id="Aftermath" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Aftermath</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_the_Cincinnati" title="Society of the Cincinnati">Society of the Cincinnati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1783)" title="Treaty of Paris (1783)">Treaty of Paris (1783)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evacuation_Day_(New_York)" title="Evacuation Day (New York)">Evacuation Day (1783)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratification_Day_(United_States)" title="Ratification Day (United States)">Ratification Day (1784)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Convention_(United_States)" title="Constitutional Convention (United States)">Constitutional Convention</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Federalist_Papers" title="The Federalist Papers">The Federalist Papers</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Constitution of the United States">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Bill_of_Rights" title="United States Bill of Rights">Bill of Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shays%27s_Rebellion" title="Shays's Rebellion">Shays's Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Treaty" title="Jay Treaty">Jay Treaty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div id="*_Related_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"> <ul><li>Related topics</li></ul> </div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prisoners_of_war_in_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="Prisoners of war in the American Revolutionary War">Prisoners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turtle_(submersible)" title="Turtle (submersible)">The <i>Turtle</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Political</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States" title="Founding Fathers of the United States">Founding Fathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diplomacy_in_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="Diplomacy in the American Revolutionary War">Diplomacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Tree" title="Liberty Tree">Liberty Tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yankee_Doodle" title="Yankee Doodle">Yankee Doodle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_American_Revolution" title="Timeline of the American Revolution">Timeline of the American Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_the_Revolutionary_War" title="African Americans in the Revolutionary War">African Americans in the Revolutionary War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogs_in_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="Dogs in the American Revolutionary War">Dogs in the American Revolutionary War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligence_in_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="Intelligence in the American Revolutionary War">Intelligence in the American Revolutionary War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_American_Revolution" title="Women in the American Revolution">Women in the American Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_costs_of_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="Financial costs of the American Revolutionary War">Financial costs of the war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_currency_banknotes" title="Continental currency banknotes">Continental currency banknotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Currency_dollar_coin" title="Continental Currency dollar coin">Continental Currency dollar coin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertas_Americana" title="Libertas Americana">Libertas Americana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commemoration_of_the_American_Revolution" title="Commemoration of the American Revolution">Commemoration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_about_the_American_Revolution" title="List of films about the American Revolution">film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_television_series_and_miniseries_about_the_American_Revolution" title="List of television series and miniseries about the American Revolution">television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_plays_and_musicals_about_the_American_Revolution" title="List of plays and musicals about the American Revolution">theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(United_States)" title="Independence Day (United States)">Independence Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriots%27_Day" title="Patriots' Day">Patriots' Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Pulaski_Memorial_Day" title="General Pulaski Memorial Day">Pulaski Memorial Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidents%27_Day" title="Presidents' Day">Washington's Birthday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson%27s_Birthday" title="Jefferson's Birthday">Jefferson's Birthday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Von_Steuben_Day" title="Von Steuben Day">Von Steuben Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minor_American_Revolution_holidays" title="Minor American Revolution holidays">Minor holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centennial_Exposition" title="Centennial Exposition">Centennial</a></li> <li><a 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href="/wiki/Museum_of_the_American_Revolution" title="Museum of the American Revolution">Museum of the American Revolution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2744875#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img 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