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<span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Boke_and_tsukkomi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Boke_and_tsukkomi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span><span><i>Boke</i></span> and <span><i>tsukkomi</i></span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Boke_and_tsukkomi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_manzai_acts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_manzai_acts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notable <span><i>manzai</i></span> acts</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_manzai_acts-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable <span><i>manzai</i></span> acts subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_manzai_acts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Winners_of_M-1_Grand_Prix" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Winners_of_M-1_Grand_Prix"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Winners of M-1 Grand Prix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Winners_of_M-1_Grand_Prix-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asahi_Shimbun_web_survey_2012" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asahi_Shimbun_web_survey_2012"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Asahi Shimbun web survey 2012</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asahi_Shimbun_web_survey_2012-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literary_associations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literary_associations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Literary associations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literary_associations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> 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Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%8A" title="المنزاي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المنزاي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manzai" title="Manzai – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Manzai" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manzai" title="Manzai – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Manzai" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manzai" title="Manzai – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Manzai" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manzai" title="Manzai – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Manzai" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="مانزای – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مانزای" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manzai" title="Manzai – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Manzai" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%8C%EC%9E%90%EC%9D%B4" title="만자이 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="만자이" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88" title="मानज़ाई – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मानज़ाई" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manzai" title="Manzai – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Manzai" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manzai" title="Manzai – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Manzai" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manzai" title="Manzai – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Manzai" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Мандзай – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мандзай" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manzai" title="Manzai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Manzai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manz%C3%A1j" title="Manzáj – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Manzáj" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BC%AB%E6%89%8D" title="漫才 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="漫才" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manzai" title="Manzai – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Manzai" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Мандзай – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мандзай" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manzai" title="Manzai – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Manzai" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manzai" title="Manzai – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Manzai" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manzai" title="Manzai – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Manzai" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D" title="மன்சாய் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மன்சாய்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%8B" title="มันไซ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มันไซ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manzai" title="Manzai – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Manzai" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BC%AB%E6%89%8D" title="漫才 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="漫才" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q44784#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-pp-default" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semi" title="This article is semi-protected until September 25, 2025 at 21:08 UTC."><img alt="Page semi-protected" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Traditional Japanese style of comedy</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Manzai_by_unknown_artist_-_wittig_collection.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Manzai_by_unknown_artist_-_wittig_collection.jpg/250px-Manzai_by_unknown_artist_-_wittig_collection.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="473" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Manzai_by_unknown_artist_-_wittig_collection.jpg/330px-Manzai_by_unknown_artist_-_wittig_collection.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Manzai_by_unknown_artist_-_wittig_collection.jpg/500px-Manzai_by_unknown_artist_-_wittig_collection.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6735" data-file-height="15921" /></a><figcaption>A pair of <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">manzai</i></span> performers at a New Year celebration; the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">tsukkomi</i></span> at front, the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">boke</i></span> behind him (artist unknown, 19th-century Japanese painting)</figcaption></figure> <p><span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn"><b>Manzai</b></i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%BC%AB%E6%89%8D" class="extiw" title="wikt:漫才">漫才</a></span></span>)</span> is a traditional style of comedy in <a href="/wiki/Japanese_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese culture">Japanese culture</a> comparable to <a href="/wiki/Double_act" title="Double act">double act</a> comedy.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">Manzai</i></span> usually involves two performers (<span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">manzaishi</i></span>)—a <a href="/wiki/Straight_man" title="Straight man">straight man</a> (<span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_owarai_terms#tsukkomi" title="Glossary of owarai terms">tsukkomi</a></i></span>) and a <a href="/wiki/Double_act" title="Double act">funny man</a> (<span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_owarai_terms#boke" title="Glossary of owarai terms">boke</a></i></span>)—trading <a href="/wiki/Joke" title="Joke">jokes</a> at great speed. Most of the jokes revolve around mutual misunderstandings, <a href="/wiki/Double-talk" title="Double-talk">double-talk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pun" title="Pun">puns</a> and other verbal gags. </p><p>In recent times, <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">manzai</i></span> has often been associated with the <a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a> region, and <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">manzai</i></span> comedians often speak in the <a href="/wiki/Kansai_dialect" title="Kansai dialect">Kansai dialect</a> during their acts. </p><p>In 1933, <a href="/wiki/Yoshimoto_Kogyo" title="Yoshimoto Kogyo">Yoshimoto Kogyo</a>, a large entertainment conglomerate based in Osaka, introduced Osaka-style <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">manzai</i></span> to <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> audiences and coined the term "<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">漫才</span></span>" (one of several ways of writing the word <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">manzai</i></span> in Japanese; see <a href="#Etymology">§ Etymology</a> below). In 2015, Matayoshi Naoki's manzai novel, <i><a href="/wiki/Spark_(Matayoshi_novel)" title="Spark (Matayoshi novel)">Spark</a></i><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">火花</span></span>)</span>, won the <a href="/wiki/Akutagawa_Prize" title="Akutagawa Prize">Akutagawa Prize</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Hibana:_Spark" title="Hibana: Spark">mini-series adaptation</a> was released on Netflix in 2016. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <p>Originally based around a festival to welcome the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_New_Year" title="Japanese New Year">New Year</a>, <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">manzai</i></span> traces its origins back to the <a href="/wiki/Heian_period" title="Heian period">Heian period</a>. The two <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">manzai</i></span> performers came with messages from the <i><a href="/wiki/Kami" title="Kami">kami</a></i> and this was worked into a standup routine, with one performer showing some sort of opposition to the word of the other. This pattern still exists in the roles of the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">boke</i></span> and the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">tsukkomi</i></span>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Manzai.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Manzai.jpg/250px-Manzai.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="244" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Manzai.jpg/330px-Manzai.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Manzai.jpg/500px-Manzai.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4210" data-file-height="4670" /></a><figcaption>Print depicting two <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">manzai</i></span> comedic actors, also in a New Year setting; <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1825</span></figcaption></figure> <p>Continuing into the <a href="/wiki/Edo_period" title="Edo period">Edo period</a>, the style focused increasingly on the humor aspects of stand-up, and various regions of Japan developed their own unique styles of <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">manzai</i></span>, such as <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Owari manzai</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">尾張万歳</span></span>)</span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Mikawa manzai</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">三河万歳</span></span>)</span>, and <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Yamato manzai</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">大和万歳</span></span>)</span>. With the arrival of the <a href="/wiki/Meiji_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Meiji period">Meiji period</a>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Osaka manzai</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">大阪万才</span></span>)</span> began to implement changes that would see it surpass in popularity the styles of the former period, although at the time <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Rakugo" title="Rakugo">rakugo</a></i></span> was still considered the more popular form of entertainment. </p><p>With the end of the <a href="/wiki/Taish%C5%8D_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Taishō period">Taishō period</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yoshimoto_Kogyo" title="Yoshimoto Kogyo">Yoshimoto Kōgyō</a>—which itself was founded at the beginning of the era, in 1912—introduced a new style of <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">manzai</i></span> lacking much of the celebration that had accompanied it in the past. This new style proved successful and spread all over Japan, including Tokyo. Riding on the waves of new communication technology, <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">manzai</i></span> quickly spread through the mediums of <a href="/wiki/Stage_(theatre)" title="Stage (theatre)">stage</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radio" title="Radio">radio</a>, and eventually, <a href="/wiki/Television" title="Television">television</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Video_games" class="mw-redirect" title="Video games">video games</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">kanji</a> for <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">manzai</i></span> have been written in various ways throughout the ages. It was originally written as lit. "<a href="/wiki/Ten_thousand_years" title="Ten thousand years">ten thousand years</a>" or <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">banzai</i></span>, meaning something like "long life"<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">萬歳</span></span>)</span>, using <span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">萬</span></span> rather than the alternative form of the character, <span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">万</span></span>, and the simpler form <span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">才</span></span> for <span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">歳</span></span> (which also can be used to write a word meaning "talent, ability"). The arrival of <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">Osaka manzai</i></span> brought another character change, this time changing the first character to <span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">漫</span></span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Boke_and_tsukkomi"><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">Boke</i></span> and <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">tsukkomi</i></span></h2></div> <p>Similar in execution to the concepts of "funny man" and "<a href="/wiki/Straight_man" title="Straight man">straight man</a>" in <a href="/wiki/Double_act" title="Double act">double act</a> comedy (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Abbott_and_Costello" title="Abbott and Costello">Abbott and Costello</a>; <a href="/wiki/Martin_and_Lewis" title="Martin and Lewis">Martin and Lewis</a>), these roles are a very important characteristic of <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">manzai</i></span>. <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Boke</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">ボケ</span></span>)</span> comes from the verb <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">bokeru</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">惚ける/呆ける</span></span>)</span> which carries the meaning of "senility" or "air headed-ness" and is reflected in the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">boke</i></span>'s tendency for misinterpretation and forgetfulness. The word <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">tsukkomi</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">突っ込み</span></span>)</span> refers to the role the second comedian plays in "butting in" and correcting the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">boke</i></span>'s errors. In performances it is common for the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">tsukkomi</i></span> to berate the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">boke</i></span> and hit them on the head with a swift smack; one traditional <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">manzai</i></span> prop often used for this purpose is a pleated paper fan called a <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Harisen" title="Harisen">harisen</a></i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">張り扇</span></span>)</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another traditional <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">manzai</i></span> prop is a small drum, usually carried (and used) by the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">boke</i></span>. A Japanese bamboo and paper umbrella is another common prop. These props are usually used only during non-serious <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">manzai</i></span> routines as traditional <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">manzai</i></span> requires there to be no props in terms of routine and in competitions. The use of props would put the comedy act closer to a <i><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_owarai_terms#conte" title="Glossary of owarai terms">conte</a></i> rather than <i>manzai</i>. </p><p>The tradition of <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">tsukkomi</i></span> and <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">boke</i></span> is often used in other <a href="/wiki/Owarai" title="Owarai">Japanese comedy</a>, although it may not be as obviously portrayed as it usually is in <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">manzai</i></span>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_manzai_acts">Notable <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">manzai</i></span> acts</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Winners_of_M-1_Grand_Prix">Winners of M-1 Grand Prix</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/M-1_Grand_Prix" title="M-1 Grand Prix">M-1 Grand Prix</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asahi_Shimbun_web_survey_2012">Asahi Shimbun web survey 2012</h3></div> <p>The most funniest <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">manzai</i></span> duos, according to a web survey by <a href="/wiki/The_Asahi_Shimbun" title="The Asahi Shimbun">The Asahi Shimbun</a> in 2012 (excerpt):<sup id="cite_ref-AsahiShinbun2012_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AsahiShinbun2012-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Number 1: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yokoyama_Yasushi_and_Nishikawa_Kiyoshi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yokoyama Yasushi and Nishikawa Kiyoshi (page does not exist)">Yokoyama Yasushi and Nishikawa Kiyoshi</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A8%AA%E5%B1%B1%E3%82%84%E3%81%99%E3%81%97%E3%83%BB%E8%A5%BF%E5%B7%9D%E3%81%8D%E3%82%88%E3%81%97" class="extiw" title="ja:横山やすし・西川きよし">ja</a>]</span></li> <li>2: <a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Hanshin-Kyojin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="All Hanshin-Kyojin (page does not exist)">All Hanshin-Kyojin</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E9%98%AA%E7%A5%9E%E3%83%BB%E5%B7%A8%E4%BA%BA" class="extiw" title="ja:オール阪神・巨人">ja</a>]</span></li> <li>3: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yumeji_Itoshi_and_Kimi_Koishi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yumeji Itoshi and Kimi Koishi (page does not exist)">Yumeji Itoshi and Kimi Koishi</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A2%E8%B7%AF%E3%81%84%E3%81%A8%E3%81%97%E3%83%BB%E5%96%9C%E5%91%B3%E3%81%93%E3%81%84%E3%81%97" class="extiw" title="ja:夢路いとし・喜味こいし">ja</a>]</span></li> <li>4: <a href="/wiki/Bakush%C5%8D_Mondai" title="Bakushō Mondai">Bakushō Mondai</a></li> <li>5: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Miyagawa_Daisuke_and_Hanako&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miyagawa Daisuke and Hanako (page does not exist)">Miyagawa Daisuke and Hanako</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%AE%E5%B7%9D%E5%A4%A7%E5%8A%A9%E3%83%BB%E8%8A%B1%E5%AD%90" class="extiw" title="ja:宮川大助・花子">ja</a>]</span></li> <li>6: Two Beat <small><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%84%E3%83%BC%E3%83%93%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88" class="extiw" title="ja:ツービート">[ja]</a></small>: One of them, <a href="/wiki/Takeshi_Kitano" title="Takeshi Kitano">Takeshi Kitano</a> became a Japanese film director and television host.</li> <li>7: <a href="/wiki/Nakagawake" title="Nakagawake">Nakagawake</a></li> <li>8: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shishi_Tenya_and_Seto_Wanya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shishi Tenya and Seto Wanya (page does not exist)">Shishi Tenya and Seto Wanya</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8D%85%E5%AD%90%E3%81%A6%E3%82%93%E3%82%84%E3%83%BB%E7%80%AC%E6%88%B8%E3%82%8F%E3%82%93%E3%82%84" class="extiw" title="ja:獅子てんや・瀬戸わんや">ja</a>]</span></li> <li>9: <a href="/wiki/Downtown_(owarai)" title="Downtown (owarai)">Downtown</a></li> <li>10: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ima_Ikuyo_and_Kuruyo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ima Ikuyo and Kuruyo (page does not exist)">Ima Ikuyo and Kuruyo </a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BB%8A%E3%81%84%E3%81%8F%E3%82%88%E3%83%BB%E3%81%8F%E3%82%8B%E3%82%88" class="extiw" title="ja:今いくよ・くるよ">ja</a>]</span></li> <li>14: <a href="/wiki/Taka_and_Toshi" title="Taka and Toshi">Taka and Toshi</a></li> <li>16: <a href="/wiki/Ninety-nine_(owarai)" title="Ninety-nine (owarai)">Ninety-nine</a></li> <li>22: <a href="/wiki/Shinsuke_Shimada" title="Shinsuke Shimada">Shinsuke Shimada</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ryusuke_Matsumoto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ryusuke Matsumoto (page does not exist)">Ryusuke Matsumoto</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%BE%E6%9C%AC%E7%AB%9C%E5%8A%A9" class="extiw" title="ja:松本竜助">ja</a>]</span></li> <li>26: <a href="/wiki/Summers_(owarai)" title="Summers (owarai)">Summers</a></li> <li>28: <a href="/wiki/Tunnels_(owarai)" title="Tunnels (owarai)">Tunnels</a></li> <li>29: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yokoyama_Entatsu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yokoyama Entatsu (page does not exist)">Yokoyama Entatsu</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A8%AA%E5%B1%B1%E3%82%A8%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BF%E3%83%84" class="extiw" title="ja:横山エンタツ">ja</a>]</span> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hanabishi_Achako&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hanabishi Achako (page does not exist)">Hanabishi Achako</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E8%8F%B1%E3%82%A2%E3%83%81%E3%83%A3%E3%82%B3" class="extiw" title="ja:花菱アチャコ">ja</a>]</span></li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Entatsu_Achako_Scan10036.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Yokoyama Entatsu and Hanabishi Achako established the talk show-centered manzai style. They were active since 1919."><img alt="Yokoyama Entatsu and Hanabishi Achako established the talk show-centered manzai style. They were active since 1919." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Entatsu_Achako_Scan10036.JPG/120px-Entatsu_Achako_Scan10036.JPG" decoding="async" width="117" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Entatsu_Achako_Scan10036.JPG/250px-Entatsu_Achako_Scan10036.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="1257" data-file-height="1286" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center">Yokoyama Entatsu and Hanabishi Achako established the talk show-centered <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">manzai</i></span> style. They were active since 1919.</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:All_Hanshin-Kyojin_IMG_0317-1_20200110.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=""All Hanshin-Kyojin", active since 1975."><img alt=""All Hanshin-Kyojin", active since 1975." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/All_Hanshin-Kyojin_IMG_0317-1_20200110.jpg/120px-All_Hanshin-Kyojin_IMG_0317-1_20200110.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/All_Hanshin-Kyojin_IMG_0317-1_20200110.jpg/250px-All_Hanshin-Kyojin_IMG_0317-1_20200110.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center">"All Hanshin-Kyojin", active since 1975.</div></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wagyu_manzai_IMG_1474-1_20180401.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=""Wagyu", regular finalist in M-1 Grand Prix.[10] Active since 2006."><img alt=""Wagyu", regular finalist in M-1 Grand Prix.[10] Active since 2006." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Wagyu_manzai_IMG_1474-1_20180401.jpg/120px-Wagyu_manzai_IMG_1474-1_20180401.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Wagyu_manzai_IMG_1474-1_20180401.jpg/250px-Wagyu_manzai_IMG_1474-1_20180401.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center">"<a href="/wiki/Wagyu_(comedy_duo)" title="Wagyu (comedy duo)">Wagyu</a>", regular finalist in M-1 Grand Prix.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Active since 2006.</div></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literary_associations">Literary associations</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kikaku" class="mw-redirect" title="Kikaku">Kikaku</a> wrote with affectionate mockery a <a href="/wiki/Haiku" title="Haiku">haiku</a> on the <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">manzai</i></span> dancers: "The New Year Dancers / Never miss a single gate – / Millet for the crane".<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buson" class="mw-redirect" title="Buson">Buson</a> more positively wrote: "Yes, New Year's dancers – / Pounding good and properly, / The dirt in Kyoto".<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naoki_Matayoshi" title="Naoki Matayoshi">Naoki Matayoshi</a>'s novel <i>Spark</i> (火花, <i>Hibana</i>) is set in the world of manzai comedians and deals with the main characters artistic struggles. The novel was awarded the prestigious Akutagawa Prize in 2015. <sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/120px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Japan" title="Portal:Japan">Japan portal</a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 35em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Manzai_Comics" title="The Manzai Comics">The Manzai Comics</a> – manga series about a young manzai duo</li> <li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Nininbaori" title="Nininbaori">Nininbaori</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%8Dgen" title="Kyōgen">Kyōgen</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Rakugo" title="Rakugo">Rakugo</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Owarai" title="Owarai">Owarai</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><i lang="zh-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Xiangsheng" title="Xiangsheng">Xiangsheng</a></i></span> – the Chinese analogue to <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">manzai</i></span>.</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBlair2016" class="citation web cs1">Blair, Gavin (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov-online.go.jp/eng/publicity/book/hlj/html/201706/201706_05_en.html">"What's Manzai?"</a>. <i>Highlighting Japan June 2017</i>. Public Relations Office of the Government of Japan<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Highlighting+Japan+June+2017&rft.atitle=What%27s+Manzai%3F&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Blair&rft.aufirst=Gavin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov-online.go.jp%2Feng%2Fpublicity%2Fbook%2Fhlj%2Fhtml%2F201706%2F201706_05_en.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManzai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKyodo,_Jiji2015" class="citation news cs1">Kyodo, Jiji (17 July 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2015/07/17/entertainment-news/comedian-matayoshi-shares-akutagawa-prize-higashiyama-bags-naoki/">"Comedian Matayoshi's literary win offers hope for sagging publishing industry"</a>. <i>The Japan Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150827052500/http://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2015/07/17/entertainment-news/comedian-matayoshi-shares-akutagawa-prize-higashiyama-bags-naoki/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 August 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Japan+Times&rft.atitle=Comedian+Matayoshi%27s+literary+win+offers+hope+for+sagging+publishing+industry&rft.date=2015-07-17&rft.au=Kyodo%2C+Jiji&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.japantimes.co.jp%2Fculture%2F2015%2F07%2F17%2Fentertainment-news%2Fcomedian-matayoshi-shares-akutagawa-prize-higashiyama-bags-naoki%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManzai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://japanese.about.com/library/blhiraculture31.htm">Hiragana lesson through Japanese culture – manzai</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.japanfortheuninvited.com/articles/manzai.html">Manzai (Double-act comedy)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gojapan.about.com/od/japanesetheater/a/yosetheater.htm">Japanese yose theater – Japanese comedy shows</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071103193307/http://gojapan.about.com/od/japanesetheater/a/yosetheater.htm">Archived</a> 3 November 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Corkill, Edan, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.japantimes.co.jp/text/ft20120525r1.html">Yoshimoto Kogyo play reveals manzai's U.S. roots</a>", <i><a href="/wiki/Japan_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Japan Times">Japan Times</a></i>, 25 May 2012, p. 13</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ashcraft, Brian, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kotaku.com/5846764/ni-no-kunis-funny-bone-has-quite-the-history">Ni no Kuni’s Funny Bone Has Quite the History</a>", <i><a href="/wiki/Kotaku" title="Kotaku">Kotaku</a></i>, 5 October 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/cgi-bin/wwwjdic.cgi?1C">WWWJDIC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150103191356/http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/cgi-bin/wwwjdic.cgi?1C">Archived</a> 3 January 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AsahiShinbun2012-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AsahiShinbun2012_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"> <bdi lang="ja">人生で一番笑った漫才コンビ</bdi> [The funniest Manzai duos you have ever experienced throughout your life]. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Asahi_Shinbun" class="mw-redirect" title="The Asahi Shinbun">The Asahi Shinbun</a></i> (in Japanese). Japan. 7 April 2012. p. b2.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Asahi+Shinbun&rft.atitle=%E4%BA%BA%E7%94%9F%E3%81%A7%E4%B8%80%E7%95%AA%E7%AC%91%E3%81%A3%E3%81%9F%E6%BC%AB%E6%89%8D%E3%82%B3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%93&rft.pages=b2&rft.date=2012-04-07&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManzai" class="Z3988"></span> (Participants of survey: subscribers of Asahi Shinbun's web service, where 2,598 respondents voted. Method of survey: voters pick up to 5 from a list of around 100 most prominent pairs.) <ul><li>Part of the table: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asahicom.jp/digital_pr/article_images/TKY201204040374.jpg"><bdi lang="ja">〈ｂｅランキング〉人生で一番笑った漫才コンビ</bdi></a> (in Japanese). <a href="/wiki/The_Asahi_Shinbun" class="mw-redirect" title="The Asahi Shinbun">The Asahi Shinbun</a>. 7 April 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120409172753im_/http://www.asahicom.jp/digital_pr/article_images/TKY201204040374.jpg">Archived</a> from the original on 9 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E3%80%88%EF%BD%82%EF%BD%85%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AD%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E3%80%89%E4%BA%BA%E7%94%9F%E3%81%A7%E4%B8%80%E7%95%AA%E7%AC%91%E3%81%A3%E3%81%9F%E6%BC%AB%E6%89%8D%E3%82%B3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%93&rft.pub=The+Asahi+Shinbun&rft.date=2012-04-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.asahicom.jp%2Fdigital_pr%2Farticle_images%2FTKY201204040374.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManzai" class="Z3988"></span> (linked from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120408172651/http://digital.asahi.com/20120407/pages/be_business_ev.html">朝日新聞 You刊 be 2012年4月7日（土）</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived 2012-04-08))</li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nikkansports.com/entertainment/news/201812020000840.html"><bdi lang="ja">V候補本命の和牛が1票届かず…3年連続M1準優勝</bdi></a> [Expected winner Wagyu lost by a single vote, runner-up for three consecutive years] (in Japanese). <a href="/wiki/Nikkan_Sports" title="Nikkan Sports">Nikkan Sports</a>. 2 December 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181210154717/https://www.nikkansports.com/entertainment/news/201812020000840.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=V%E5%80%99%E8%A3%9C%E6%9C%AC%E5%91%BD%E3%81%AE%E5%92%8C%E7%89%9B%E3%81%8C1%E7%A5%A8%E5%B1%8A%E3%81%8B%E3%81%9A%E2%80%A63%E5%B9%B4%E9%80%A3%E7%B6%9AM1%E6%BA%96%E5%84%AA%E5%8B%9D&rft.pub=Nikkan+Sports&rft.date=2018-12-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nikkansports.com%2Fentertainment%2Fnews%2F201812020000840.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManzai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">L Zolbrod, <i>Haiku Painting</i> (1982) p. 16</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">L Zolbrod, <i>Haiku Painting</i> (1982) p. 16</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-tls.co.uk/culture/comedy/spark-naoki-matayoshi-reivew-till-weingartner">"Spark by Naoki Matayoshi book review | The TLS"</a>. <i>TLS</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 February</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TLS&rft.atitle=Spark+by+Naoki+Matayoshi+book+review+%7C+The+TLS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-tls.co.uk%2Fculture%2Fcomedy%2Fspark-naoki-matayoshi-reivew-till-weingartner&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManzai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Manzai_(comedy)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Manzai (comedy)">Manzai (comedy)</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150404202245/http://japanese.about.com/library/blhiraculture31.htm">What is Manzai</a> 2015 archive</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20010504063016/http://mcel.pacificu.edu/aspac/papers/scholars/bensky/bensky.htm">"Commodified Comedians and Mediatized Manzai: Osakan Comic Duos and Their Audience"</a> by Xavier Benjamin Bensky. 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navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comedian" title="Comedian">Comedian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedic_device" title="Comedic device">Comedic device</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_festival" title="Comedy festival">Comedy festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_troupe" title="Comedy troupe">Comedy troupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comic_timing" title="Comic timing">Comic timing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farce" title="Farce">Farce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humorist" title="Humorist">Humorist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humour" title="Humour">Humour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impersonator" title="Impersonator">Impersonator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impressionist_(entertainment)" title="Impressionist (entertainment)">Impressionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irony" title="Irony">Irony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joke" title="Joke">Joke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Off-color_humor" title="Off-color humor">Off-color humor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ribaldry" title="Ribaldry">Ribaldry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophomoric_humor" title="Sophomoric humor">Sophomoric humor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toilet_humour" title="Toilet humour">Toilet humour</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prank_call" title="Prank call">Prank call</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punch_line" title="Punch line">Punch line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">Satire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_gag" title="Visual gag">Visual gag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wit" title="Wit">Wit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Word_play" title="Word play">Word play</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Comedy_film" title="Comedy film">Film</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_comedy_films" title="American comedy films">American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_comedy_films" title="British comedy films">British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_comedy_films" title="French comedy films">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_all%27italiana" title="Commedia all'italiana">Italian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Genre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_comedy" title="Action comedy">Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_comedy" title="Fantasy comedy">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_horror" title="Comedy horror">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mockumentary" title="Mockumentary">Mockumentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parody_film" title="Parody film">Parody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_of_remarriage" title="Comedy of remarriage">Remarriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_comedy" title="Romantic comedy">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_comedy" title="Science fiction comedy">Science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screwball_comedy" title="Screwball comedy">Screwball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_comedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Sex comedy">Sex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_sexy_all%27italiana" title="Commedia sexy all'italiana">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_sex_comedy" title="Mexican sex comedy">Mexican</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silent_comedy" title="Silent comedy">Silent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slapstick_film" title="Slapstick film">Slapstick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoner_film" title="Stoner film">Stoner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_thriller" title="Comedy thriller">Thriller</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Comedy_(drama)" title="Comedy (drama)">Theatre</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_comedy" title="Ancient Greek comedy">Ancient Greek comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Com%C3%A9die-Fran%C3%A7aise" title="Comédie-Française">Comédie-Française</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Com%C3%A9die-Italienne" title="Comédie-Italienne">Comédie-Italienne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corral_de_comedias" title="Corral de comedias">Corral de comedias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_ancient_Rome" title="Theatre of ancient Rome">Theatre of ancient Rome</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_comedy" title="Chinese comedy">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xiangsheng" title="Xiangsheng">Xiangsheng</a></li></ul></li> <li>Hong Kong <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mo_lei_tau" title="Mo lei tau">Mo lei tau</a></li></ul></li> <li>Indonesia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lenong" title="Lenong">Lenong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludruk" title="Ludruk">Ludruk</a></li></ul></li> <li>Japan <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%8Dgen" title="Kyōgen">Kyōgen</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Manzai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owarai" title="Owarai">Owarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rakugo" title="Rakugo">Rakugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarugaku" title="Sarugaku">Sarugaku</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_comedy" title="Korean comedy">Korea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Genre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boulevard_theatre_(aesthetic)" title="Boulevard theatre (aesthetic)">Boulevard theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_drama" title="Comedy drama">Comedy drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_of_humours" title="Comedy of humours">Comedy of humours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_of_manners" title="Comedy of manners">Comedy of manners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_of_menace" title="Comedy of menace">Comedy of menace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_dell%27arte" title="Commedia dell'arte">Commedia dell'arte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_act" title="Double act">Double act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Improvisational_theatre" title="Improvisational theatre">Improvisational</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macchietta" title="Macchietta">Macchietta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-person_show" class="mw-redirect" title="One-person show">One-person show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantomime" title="Pantomime">Pantomime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harlequinade" title="Harlequinade">Harlequinade</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restoration_comedy" title="Restoration comedy">Restoration comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentimental_comedy" title="Sentimental comedy">Sentimental comedy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Com%C3%A9die_larmoyante" title="Comédie larmoyante">Comédie larmoyante</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_play" title="Shadow play">Shadow play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_comedy" title="Shakespearean comedy">Shakespearean comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sketch_comedy" title="Sketch comedy">Sketch comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spex_(theatre)" title="Spex (theatre)">Spex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stand-up_comedy" title="Stand-up comedy">Stand-up comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_theatre" title="Street theatre">Street theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_the_absurd" title="Theatre of the absurd">Theatre of the absurd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tragicomedy" title="Tragicomedy">Tragicomedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaudeville" title="Vaudeville">Vaudeville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Music<br />and dance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballad_opera" title="Ballad opera">Ballad opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabaret" title="Cabaret">Cabaret</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9-chantant" title="Café-chantant">Café-chantant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9-th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre" title="Café-théâtre">Café-théâtre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Com%C3%A9die-ballet" title="Comédie-ballet">Comédie-ballet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_club" title="Comedy club">Comedy club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_music" title="Light music">Light music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_hall" title="Music hall">Music hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_theatre" title="Musical theatre">Musical theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ra_bouffe" title="Opéra bouffe">Opéra bouffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ra_bouffon" title="Opéra bouffon">Opéra bouffon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opera_buffa" title="Opera buffa">Opera buffa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ra_comique" title="Opéra comique">Opéra comique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operetta" title="Operetta">Operetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revue" title="Revue">Revue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_music" title="Comedy music">Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_album" title="Comedy album">Album</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_rock" title="Comedy rock">Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Comedy hip hop">Hip hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parody_music" title="Parody music">Parody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novelty_song" title="Novelty song">Novelty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_musical_comedians" title="List of musical comedians">Musical comedians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comic_novel" title="Comic novel">Novel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_comedy" title="Radio comedy">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_comedy" title="Television comedy">Television</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mockumentary" title="Mockumentary">Mockumentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roast_(comedy)" title="Roast (comedy)">Roast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitcom" title="Sitcom">Sitcom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animated_sitcom" title="Animated sitcom">Animated sitcom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_sitcom" title="Black sitcom">Black sitcom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teen_sitcom" title="Teen sitcom">Teen sitcom</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Comedic_genres" title="Comedic genres">Subgenres</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_comedy" title="Alternative comedy">Alternative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_comedy" title="Black comedy">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ribaldry" title="Ribaldry">Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Character_comedy" title="Character comedy">Character</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_comedy" title="Christian comedy">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clown" title="Clown">Clown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cringe_comedy" title="Cringe comedy">Cringe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deadpan" title="Deadpan">Deadpan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Documentary_comedy" title="Documentary comedy">Documentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_comedy" title="High comedy">High</a> / <a href="/wiki/Low_comedy" title="Low comedy">low</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insult_comedy" title="Insult comedy">Insult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Observational_comedy" title="Observational comedy">Observational</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physical_comedy" title="Physical comedy">Physical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prop_comedy" title="Prop comedy">Prop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-referential_humor" title="Self-referential humor">Self-referential</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shock_humour" title="Shock humour">Shock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sick_comedy" title="Sick comedy">Sick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slapstick" title="Slapstick">Slapstick</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_slapstick_comedy_topics" title="List of slapstick comedy topics">Topics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surreal_humour" title="Surreal humour">Surreal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventriloquism" title="Ventriloquism">Ventriloquism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zombie_comedy" title="Zombie comedy">Zombie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" 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mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>25 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> 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