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Informatică - Wikipedia

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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etimologie_și_istorie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etimologie și istorie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etimologie_și_istorie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Importanța_informaticii" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Importanța_informaticii"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Importanța informaticii</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Importanța_informaticii-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Disciplinele_informaticii" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disciplinele_informaticii"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Disciplinele informaticii</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Disciplinele_informaticii-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> 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<li id="toc-Teoria_computațională" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teoria_computațională"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Teoria computațională</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Teoria_computațională-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vezi_și" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vezi_și"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Vezi și</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vezi_și-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legături_externe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legături_externe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Legături externe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legături_externe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Informatică</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 163 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-163" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">163 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekenaarwetenskap" title="Rekenaarwetenskap – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Rekenaarwetenskap" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatik" title="Informatik – germană (Elveția)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Informatik" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="germană (Elveția)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A8%E1%8A%AE%E1%88%9D%E1%8D%92%E1%8B%8D%E1%89%B0%E1%88%AD%E1%8D%A1%E1%8C%A5%E1%8A%93%E1%89%B5" title="የኮምፒውተር፡ጥናት – amharică" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="የኮምፒውተር፡ጥናት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatica" title="Informatica – aragoneză" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Informatica" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A8" title="علم الحاسوب – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="علم الحاسوب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1" title="علم الكمبيوتر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="علم الكمبيوتر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="কম্পিউটাৰ বিজ্ঞান – asameză" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="কম্পিউটাৰ বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="asameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inform%C3%A1tica" title="Informática – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Informática" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0nformatika" title="İnformatika – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İnformatika" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DA%AF%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C" title="بیلگی‌سایار بیلیمی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بیلگی‌سایار بیلیمی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Информатика – bașkiră" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Информатика" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bașkiră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatik" title="Informatik – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Informatik" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infuormat%C4%97ka" title="Infuormatėka – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Infuormatėka" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siyensyang_pangkompyuter" title="Siyensyang pangkompyuter – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Siyensyang pangkompyuter" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Інфарматыка – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Інфарматыка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Інфарматыка – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Інфарматыка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8E%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Компютърни науки – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Компютърни науки" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8" title="कंप्यूटर साइंस – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="कंप्यूटर साइंस" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="articol bun"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="কম্পিউটার বিজ্ঞান – bengaleză" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কম্পিউটার বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urzhiataerezh" title="Urzhiataerezh – bretonă" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Urzhiataerezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra%C4%8Dunarska_nauka" title="Računarska nauka – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Računarska nauka" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C3%A8ncies_de_la_computaci%C3%B3" title="Ciències de la computació – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ciències de la computació" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%AA%DB%95%D8%B1" title="زانستی کۆمپیوتەر – kurdă centrală" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زانستی کۆمپیوتەر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdă centrală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatica" title="Informatica – corsicană" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Informatica" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="corsicană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matematick%C3%A1_informatika" title="Matematická informatika – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Matematická informatika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inf%C3%B2rmatika" title="Infòrmatika – cașubiană" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Infòrmatika" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="cașubiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyfrifiadureg" title="Cyfrifiadureg – galeză" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cyfrifiadureg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datalogi" title="Datalogi – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Datalogi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatik" title="Informatik – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Informatik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enformatik" title="Enformatik – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Enformatik" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B7_%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CF%8E%CE%BD" title="Επιστήμη υπολογιστών – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Επιστήμη υπολογιστών" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inform%C3%A0tica" title="Informàtica – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Informàtica" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Computer science" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informadiko" title="Informadiko – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Informadiko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencias_de_la_computaci%C3%B3n" title="Ciencias de la computación – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ciencias de la computación" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informaatika" title="Informaatika – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Informaatika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konputazioaren_zientziak" title="Konputazioaren zientziak – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Konputazioaren zientziak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhorm%C3%A1tica" title="Inhormática – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Inhormática" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85_%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87" title="علوم رایانه – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="علوم رایانه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tietojenk%C3%A4sittelytiede" title="Tietojenkäsittelytiede – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tietojenkäsittelytiede" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informaatiga" title="Informaatiga – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Informaatiga" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teldufr%C3%B8%C3%B0i" title="Teldufrøði – feroeză" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Teldufrøði" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feroeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatique" title="Informatique – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Informatique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informaatik" title="Informaatik – frizonă nordică" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Informaatik" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frizonă nordică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatiche" title="Informatiche – friulană" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Informatiche" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ynformatika" title="Ynformatika – frizonă occidentală" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ynformatika" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frizonă occidentală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADomheola%C3%ADocht" title="Ríomheolaíocht – irlandeză" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ríomheolaíocht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenf%C3%B2rmatik" title="Lenfòrmatik – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Lenfòrmatik" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencias_da_computaci%C3%B3n" title="Ciencias da computación – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ciencias da computación" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheanse_co-earrooagh" title="Sheanse co-earrooagh – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Sheanse co-earrooagh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thien-n%C3%B3_Kh%C3%B4-ho%CC%8Dk" title="Thien-nó Khô-ho̍k – chineză hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Thien-nó Khô-ho̍k" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="chineză hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%A2%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%A9%D7%91" title="מדעי המחשב – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מדעי המחשב" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="कम्प्यूटर विज्ञान – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कम्प्यूटर विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra%C4%8Dunarstvo" title="Računarstvo – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Računarstvo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enf%C3%B2matik" title="Enfòmatik – haitiană" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Enfòmatik" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sz%C3%A1m%C3%ADt%C3%A1studom%C3%A1ny" title="Számítástudomány – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Számítástudomány" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%B6%D6%86%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1" title="Ինֆորմատիկա – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ինֆորմատիկա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatica" title="Informatica – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Informatica" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sains_komputer" title="Sains komputer – iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Sains komputer" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmu_komputer" title="Ilmu komputer – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ilmu komputer" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatica" title="Informatica – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Informatica" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B6lvunarfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Tölvunarfræði – islandeză" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Tölvunarfræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatica" title="Informatica – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Informatica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%91%90%E1%93%B4%E1%90%85%E1%92%AA%E1%96%83%E1%91%A6%E1%91%95%E1%90%85%E1%91%8E%E1%94%BE%E1%94%AA%E1%91%8E%E1%93%82%E1%92%83_%E1%90%8A%E1%90%85%E1%93%9A%E1%91%A6%E1%91%8E%E1%94%A9%E1%91%A6/tusaumaqattautijjutinik_aulattijiit" title="ᑐᓴᐅᒪᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᔾᔪᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔩᑦ/tusaumaqattautijjutinik aulattijiit – inuktitut" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᑐᓴᐅᒪᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᔾᔪᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔩᑦ/tusaumaqattautijjutinik aulattijiit" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="inuktitut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A8%88%E7%AE%97%E6%A9%9F%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="計算機科学 – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="計算機科学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/samske" title="samske – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="samske" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ინფორმატიკა – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ინფორმატიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatika" title="Informatika – karakalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Informatika" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasenselkimt" title="Tasenselkimt – kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tasenselkimt" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Информатика – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Информатика" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qarasaasialerinermik_ilisimatusarneq" title="Qarasaasialerinermik ilisimatusarneq – kalaallisut" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Qarasaasialerinermik ilisimatusarneq" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="kalaallisut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kalaallisut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%BB%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%9A" title="វិទ្យាសាស្ត្រកុំព្យូទ័រ – khmeră" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="វិទ្យាសាស្ត្រកុំព្យូទ័រ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%A3%E0%B2%95_%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9E%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8" title="ಗಣಕ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗಣಕ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%84%B0_%EA%B3%BC%ED%95%99" title="컴퓨터 과학 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="컴퓨터 과학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komp%C3%BBternas%C3%AE" title="Kompûternasî – kurdă" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Kompûternasî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatica" title="Informatica – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Informatica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatika" title="Informatika – ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Informatika" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatik" title="Informatik – luxemburgheză" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Informatik" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatica" title="Informatica – liguriană" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Informatica" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="liguriană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatega" title="Informatega – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Informatega" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatika" title="Informatika – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Informatika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datorzineiba" title="Datorzineiba – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Datorzineiba" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datorzin%C4%81tne" title="Datorzinātne – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Datorzinātne" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Информатикась – moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Информатикась" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kajimirindra" title="Kajimirindra – malgașă" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kajimirindra" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Информатике – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Информатике" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmu_komputer" title="Ilmu komputer – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Ilmu komputer" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Информатика – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Информатика" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%BC_%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="കമ്പ്യൂട്ടർ ശാസ്ത്രം – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കമ്പ്യൂട്ടർ ശാസ്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8C%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Компьютерын ухаан – mongolă" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Компьютерын ухаан" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%9D%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A8%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%94_%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A7%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%A1%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%A1%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯀꯝꯄꯨꯇꯔ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟ – manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯀꯝꯄꯨꯇꯔ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sains_komputer" title="Sains komputer – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sains komputer" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C3%A9ncia_de_la_cumputa%C3%A7on" title="Ciéncia de la cumputaçon – mirandeză" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Ciéncia de la cumputaçon" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B0%E1%80%90%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AD%E1%80%95%E1%80%B9%E1%80%95%E1%80%B6%E1%80%95%E1%80%8A%E1%80%AC" title="ကွန်ပျူတာသိပ္ပံပညာ – birmană" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကွန်ပျူတာသိပ္ပံပညာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nfurmateca" title="Nfurmateca – napolitană" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Nfurmateca" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napolitană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatik" title="Informatik – germana de jos" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Informatik" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="germana de jos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infermatika" title="Infermatika – saxona de jos" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Infermatika" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="saxona de jos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="कम्प्युटर विज्ञान – nepaleză" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="कम्प्युटर विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="कम्प्युटर विज्ञान – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="कम्प्युटर विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatica" title="Informatica – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Informatica" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatikk" title="Informatikk – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Informatikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatikk" title="Informatikk – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Informatikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komputal_sientie" title="Komputal sientie – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Komputal sientie" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatique" title="Informatique – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Informatique" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatica" title="Informatica – occitană" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Informatica" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infoormaatiksii" title="Infoormaatiksii – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Infoormaatiksii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%AE%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%9F%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%9F%E0%AC%B0_%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9E%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8" title="କମ୍ପ୍ୟୁଟର ବିଜ୍ଞାନ – odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="କମ୍ପ୍ୟୁଟର ବିଜ୍ଞାନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatike" title="Informatike – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Informatike" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_(%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0)_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="सुशांख्य यन्त्र (कम्प्युटर) विज्ञान – pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="सुशांख्य यन्त्र (कम्प्युटर) विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatyka" title="Informatyka – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Informatyka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anform%C3%A0tica" title="Anformàtica – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Anformàtica" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%BC%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B3" title="کمپیوټر ساینس – paștună" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کمپیوټر ساینس" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paștună" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C3%AAncia_da_computa%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Ciência da computação – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ciência da computação" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anta%C3%B1iqichaq_hamut%27ay" title="Antañiqichaq hamut&#039;ay – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Antañiqichaq hamut&#039;ay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatic%C3%A2" title="Informaticâ – aromână" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Informaticâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromână" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Информатика – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Информатика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Інформатіка – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Інформатіка" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="सङ्गणकविज्ञानम् – sanscrită" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="सङ्गणकविज्ञानम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanscrită" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Информатика – sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Информатика" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inform%C3%A0tica" title="Informàtica – sardiniană" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Informàtica" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardiniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nfurm%C3%A0tica" title="Nfurmàtica – siciliană" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Nfurmàtica" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science – scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Computer science" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BD%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3" title="ڪمپيوٽر سائنس – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪمپيوٽر سائنس" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra%C4%8Dunarstvo" title="Računarstvo – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Računarstvo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasnslkimt" title="Tasnslkimt – tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tasnslkimt" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%81%A2%E1%82%86%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9E%E1%81%A2%E1%82%86%E1%82%8A%E1%81%B6%E1%80%BD%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87%E1%80%95%E1%80%AD%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87%E1%80%90%E1%82%83%E1%82%87" title="ပၢႆးသၢႆႊၶွမ်ႇပိဝ်ႇတႃႇ – shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ပၢႆးသၢႆႊၶွမ်ႇပိဝ်ႇတႃႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="පරිගණක විද්‍යාව – singhaleză" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පරිගණක විද්‍යාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singhaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Computer science" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veda_o_po%C4%8D%C3%ADta%C4%8Doch" title="Veda o počítačoch – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Veda o počítačoch" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra%C4%8Dunalni%C5%A1tvo" title="Računalništvo – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Računalništvo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkenca_kompjuterike" title="Shkenca kompjuterike – albaneză" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shkenca kompjuterike" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Информатика – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Информатика" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informoatik" title="Informoatik – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Informoatik" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lmu_komputer" title="Élmu komputer – sundaneză" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Élmu komputer" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datavetenskap" title="Datavetenskap – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Datavetenskap" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayansi_ya_tarakilishi" title="Sayansi ya tarakilishi – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sayansi ya tarakilishi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="கணினியியல் – tamilă" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கணினியியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%81_%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="కంప్యూటరు శాస్త్రం – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కంప్యూటరు శాస్త్రం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Definisaun_Sistema_Informasaun_Teknologia" title="Definisaun Sistema Informasaun Teknologia – tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Definisaun Sistema Informasaun Teknologia" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Информатика – tadjică" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Информатика" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="วิทยาการคอมพิวเตอร์ – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิทยาการคอมพิวเตอร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%AE%E1%88%9D%E1%8D%92%E1%8B%A9%E1%89%B0%E1%88%AD_%E1%88%B3%E1%8B%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%88%B5" title="ኮምፒዩተር ሳይንስ – tigrină" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ኮምፒዩተር ሳይንስ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="tigrină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agham_pangkompyuter" title="Agham pangkompyuter – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Agham pangkompyuter" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Save_long_komputa" title="Save long komputa – tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Save long komputa" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilgisayar_bilimi" title="Bilgisayar bilimi – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bilgisayar bilimi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Информатика – tătară" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Информатика" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tătară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%85%DB%88%DA%BE%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%BA%DB%8C" title="بیلگیسايار مۈھەندیسلیغی – uigură" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="بیلگیسايار مۈھەندیسلیغی" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigură" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Інформатика – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Інформатика" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%B9%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3" title="کمپیوٹر سائنس – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کمپیوٹر سائنس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatika" title="Informatika – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Informatika" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inform%C3%A0tega" title="Informàtega – venetă" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Informàtega" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khoa_h%E1%BB%8Dc_m%C3%A1y_t%C3%ADnh" title="Khoa học máy tính – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Khoa học máy tính" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inf%C3%B4rmatike" title="Infôrmatike – valonă" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Infôrmatike" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siyensya_han_komputasyon" title="Siyensya han komputasyon – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Siyensya han komputasyon" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xam-xamu_nosukaay" title="Xam-xamu nosukaay – wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Xam-xamu nosukaay" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="计算机科学 – chineză wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="计算机科学" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chineză wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ინფორმატიკა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ინფორმატიკა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Cfit%C3%B3nil%C3%A9t%C3%AD" title="Ìfitónilétí – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìfitónilétí" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informaotica" title="Informaotica – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Informaotica" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="计算机科学 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="计算机科学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%C4%81n-n%C3%A1u_kho-ha%CC%8Dk" title="Tiān-náu kho-ha̍k – chineză min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tiān-náu kho-ha̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="chineză min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%85%A6%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="電腦科學 – cantoneză" 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class="noprint">De la Wikipedia, enciclopedia liberă</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16501920">.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0px 10%;border:1px solid #aaa;border-left:10px solid #1e90ff;background:#fbfbfb}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #1e90ff}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b22222;background:#fee}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b22222}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #f4c430}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output 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.ambox-content,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{background-color:#202122!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #000f1e!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#310402!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #070101!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #261500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #544004!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #1e0a28!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{background-color:#202122!important}}</style><table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox ambox-content ambox-content" style=""> <tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width: 52px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Question_book-4.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/50px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/75px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/100px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text" style=""><span class="mbox-text-span"><b>Acest articol sau această secțiune are <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citarea_surselor" title="Wikipedia:Citarea surselor">bibliografia</a> incompletă sau inexistentă.</b><br /> Puteți contribui prin adăugarea de referințe în vederea <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verificabilitate" title="Wikipedia:Verificabilitate">susținerii bibliografice</a> a afirmațiilor pe care le conține.<span class="hide-when-compact"> </span><span class="hide-when-compact"> </span></span></td></tr></tbody></table><p>Termenul <b>informatică</b> desemnează știința procesării sistematice a <a href="/wiki/Informa%C8%9Bie" title="Informație">informației</a>, în special a procesării cu ajutorul calculatoarelor. Termenul englezesc corespunzător este <i>Computer Science</i> (știința calculatoarelor). </p><p>Istoric, informatica s-a dezvoltat ca știință din <a href="/wiki/Matematic%C4%83" title="Matematică">matematică</a>, în timp ce dezvoltarea primelor calculatoare își are originea în <a href="/wiki/Electrotehnic%C4%83" title="Electrotehnică">electrotehnică</a> și <a href="/wiki/Telecomunica%C8%9Bii" class="mw-redirect" title="Telecomunicații">telecomunicații</a>. De aceea, <a href="/wiki/Calculator" title="Calculator">calculatorul</a> reprezintă doar dispozitivul pe care sunt implementate conceptele teoretice. Informaticianul olandez <a href="/wiki/Edsger_Wybe_Dijkstra" class="mw-redirect" title="Edsger Wybe Dijkstra">Edsger Dijkstra</a> afirma: "În informatică ai de-a face cu calculatorul, așa cum ai în astronomie cu telescopul". </p><p>A nu se confunda informatica nici cu <a href="/wiki/Tehnologia_informa%C8%9Biei" title="Tehnologia informației">Tehnologia informației</a> și nici cu <a href="/wiki/Teoria_informa%C8%9Biei" title="Teoria informației">teoria informației</a>. </p> <div class="noprint tright portal" style="border:solid #aaa 1px; margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 0.5em;"> <table style="background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f9f9f9); color:inherit; font-size:85%; line-height:110%; max-width:175px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Desktop_computer_clipart_-_Yellow_theme.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Portal icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Desktop_computer_clipart_-_Yellow_theme.svg/32px-Desktop_computer_clipart_-_Yellow_theme.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Desktop_computer_clipart_-_Yellow_theme.svg/48px-Desktop_computer_clipart_-_Yellow_theme.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Desktop_computer_clipart_-_Yellow_theme.svg/64px-Desktop_computer_clipart_-_Yellow_theme.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="281" data-file-height="203" /></a></span> </td> <td style="padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: middle; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Informatic%C4%83" title="Portal:Informatică">Portal Informatică </a></b> </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Alan_Turing_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Alan_Turing_cropped.jpg/155px-Alan_Turing_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="155" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Alan_Turing_cropped.jpg/233px-Alan_Turing_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Alan_Turing_cropped.jpg/310px-Alan_Turing_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1756" data-file-height="2030" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Alan_Turing" title="Alan Turing">Alan Turing</a> (1912-1954)</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etimologie_și_istorie"><span id="Etimologie_.C8.99i_istorie"></span>Etimologie și istorie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Informatic%C4%83&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Etimologie și istorie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Etimologie și istorie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Termenul <b>informatică</b> provine din alăturarea cuvintelor <a href="/wiki/Informa%C8%9Bie" title="Informație">informație</a> și <a href="/wiki/Matematic%C4%83" title="Matematică">matematică</a>. Alte surse susțin că provine din combinația <a href="/wiki/Informa%C8%9Bie" title="Informație">informație</a> și <a href="/w/index.php?title=Automatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Automatică — pagină inexistentă">automatică</a>. Istoria informaticii începe înainte de momentul apariției <a href="/wiki/Computer" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer">computerului digital</a>. Înainte de anul 1920, termenul de "computer" se referea în limba engleză la o persoană care efectua calcule (un funcționar). Primii cercetători în ceea ce avea să se numească informatică, cum sunt <a href="/wiki/Kurt_G%C3%B6del" title="Kurt Gödel">Kurt Gödel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alonzo_Church" title="Alonzo Church">Alonzo Church</a> și <a href="/wiki/Alan_Turing" title="Alan Turing">Alan Turing</a>, au fost interesați de problema computațională: ce informații ar putea un funcționar uman să calculeze având hârtie și creion, prin urmărirea pur și simplu a unei liste de instrucțiuni, atât timp cât este necesar, fără să fie nevoie ca el să fie inteligent sau să presupună capacități intuitive. Una din motivațiile acestui proiect a fost dorința de a proiecta și realiza "mașini computaționale" care să automatizeze munca, deseori plictisitoare și nu lipsită de erori, a unui <i>calculator</i> sau <i>computer</i> uman. </p><p>În perioada anilor 1970, când mașinile computaționale au cunoscut o evoluție accelerată, termenul de "computer" și-a modificat semnificația, referindu-se de acum mai degrabă la mașini, decât la predecesorii săi umani. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Importanța_informaticii"><span id="Importan.C8.9Ba_informaticii"></span>Importanța informaticii</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Informatic%C4%83&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Importanța informaticii" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Importanța informaticii"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>În prezent, informatica își găsește aplicații în toate domeniile vieții. Prezența ei este puternic amplificată de impactul pe care îl are <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internetul</a>. Rețeaua la nivel mondial a revoluționat comunicarea dintre companii, <a href="/wiki/Logistic%C4%83" title="Logistică">logistica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Media" class="mw-redirect" title="Media">mass-media</a>, dar și viața privată a fiecărui individ. Mai puțin vizibil, dar totuși omniprezent, informatica și-a câștigat un loc stabil până și în aparatele casnice, ca de exemplu înregistratorul video sau mașina de spălat, în care sunt înglobate așa-numitele <a href="/wiki/Sistem_%C3%AEnglobat" title="Sistem înglobat">sisteme înglobate</a> sau îmbarcate (în engleză <i>embedded Systems</i>), care fac parte integrantă din aparat și care asigură acestor aparate un comportament mai mult sau mai puțin "inteligent". Printre altele, telefoanele inteligente, care sunt adevărate calculatoare, au permis democratizarea utilizării informatice pe scară extrem de largă. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Calculator" title="Calculator">Calculatoarele</a> sau computerele pot administra, memoriza, transmite și prelucra o mare cantitate de <a href="/wiki/Dat%C4%83" title="Dată">date</a> într-un timp scurt. Pentru efectuarea unor astfel de operații este necesară o interacțiune complexă între partea fizică sau echipament (în engleză <i><a href="/wiki/Hardware" title="Hardware">hardware</a></i>) și partea logică sau programele (în engleză <i><a href="/wiki/Software" title="Software">software</a></i>), care reprezintă domeniile fundamentale de cercetare în Informatică. </p><p>Marele avantaj al sistemelor computaționale constă în capacitatea lor de a prelucra în mod schematic cantități enorme de informații la o viteză foarte mare. S-a încercat și implementarea capacităților <a href="/wiki/Percep%C8%9Bie" title="Percepție">perceptive</a> ale omului în sistemele informatice, însă până în prezent cu un succes foarte limitat. Un exemplu în această direcție îl constituie sistemele de recunoaștere a chipului uman, sau/și de luare a deciziilor atunci când nu se dispune de toate datele necesare. Astfel de procese sunt studiate de o ramură specializată a informaticii, <a href="/wiki/Inteligen%C8%9B%C4%83_artificial%C4%83" title="Inteligență artificială">inteligența artificială</a>. Astfel, în anumite discipline restrânse pot fi obținute deja rezultate remarcabile. Totuși nu se poate încă vorbi despre o modelizare a inteligenței umane. </p> <table class="infobox" style="font-size:90%; text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background-color:#ccccff; font-size:120%; line-height:25px;"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Cronologia_informaticii" title="Categorie:Cronologia informaticii">Ani în informatică</a> <br /> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Informatic%C4%83" title="Portal:Informatică"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Crystal_mycomputer.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center"> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:silver"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anii_1900_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Anii 1900 în informatică — pagină inexistentă">Anii 1900</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:silver"><a href="/wiki/Anii_1910_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="Anii 1910 în informatică">Anii 1910</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:silver"><a href="/wiki/Anii_1920_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="Anii 1920 în informatică">Anii 1920</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:silver"><a href="/wiki/Anii_1930_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="Anii 1930 în informatică">Anii 1930</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1930_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1930 în informatică">1930</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1931_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1931 în informatică">1931</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1932_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1932 în informatică">1932</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1933_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1933 în informatică">1933</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1934_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1934 în informatică">1934</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/1935_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1935 în informatică">1935</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1936_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1936 în informatică">1936</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1937_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1937 în informatică">1937</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1938_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1938 în informatică">1938</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1939_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1939 în informatică">1939</a><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:silver"><a href="/wiki/Anii_1940_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="Anii 1940 în informatică">Anii 1940</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1940_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1940 în informatică">1940</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1941_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1941 în informatică">1941</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1942_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1942 în informatică">1942</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1943_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1943 în informatică">1943</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1944_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1944 în informatică">1944</a>&#160;<br /> <a href="/wiki/1945_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1945 în informatică">1945</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1946_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1946 în informatică">1946</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1947_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1947 în informatică">1947</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1948_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1948 în informatică">1948</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1949_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1949 în informatică">1949</a><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:silver"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anii_1950_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Anii 1950 în informatică — pagină inexistentă">Anii 1950</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1950_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1950 în informatică">1950</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1951_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1951 în informatică">1951</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1952_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1952 în informatică">1952</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1953_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1953 în informatică">1953</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1954_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1954 în informatică">1954</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/1955_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1955 în informatică">1955</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1956_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1956 în informatică">1956</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1957_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1957 în informatică">1957</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1958_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1958 în informatică">1958</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1959_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1959 în informatică">1959</a><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:silver"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anii_1960_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Anii 1960 în informatică — pagină inexistentă">Anii 1960</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1960_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1960 în informatică">1960</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1961_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1961 în informatică">1961</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1962_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1962 în informatică">1962</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1963_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1963 în informatică">1963</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1964_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1964 în informatică">1964</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/1965_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1965 în informatică">1965</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1966_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1966 în informatică">1966</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1967_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1967 în informatică">1967</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1968_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1968 în informatică">1968</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1969_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1969 în informatică">1969</a><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:silver"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anii_1970_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Anii 1970 în informatică — pagină inexistentă">Anii 1970</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1970_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1970 în informatică">1970</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1971_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1971 în informatică">1971</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1972_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1972 în informatică">1972</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1973_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1973 în informatică">1973</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1974_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1974 în informatică">1974</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/1975_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1975 în informatică">1975</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1976_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1976 în informatică">1976</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1977_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1977 în informatică">1977</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1978_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1978 în informatică">1978</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1979_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1979 în informatică">1979</a><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:silver"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anii_1980_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Anii 1980 în informatică — pagină inexistentă">Anii 1980</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1980_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1980 în informatică">1980</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1981_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1981 în informatică">1981</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1982_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1982 în informatică">1982</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1983_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1983 în informatică">1983</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1984_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1984 în informatică">1984</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/1985_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1985 în informatică">1985</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1986_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1986 în informatică">1986</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1987_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1987 în informatică">1987</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1988_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1988 în informatică">1988</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1989_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1989 în informatică">1989</a><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:silver"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anii_1990_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Anii 1990 în informatică — pagină inexistentă">Anii 1990</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1990_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1990 în informatică">1990</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1991_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1991 în informatică">1991</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1992_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1992 în informatică">1992</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1993_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1993 în informatică">1993</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1994_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1994 în informatică">1994</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/1995_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1995 în informatică">1995</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1996_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1996 în informatică">1996</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1997_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1997 în informatică">1997</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1998_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1998 în informatică">1998</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/1999_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="1999 în informatică">1999</a><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:silver"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anii_2000_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Anii 2000 în informatică — pagină inexistentă">Anii 2000</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2000_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="2000 în informatică">2000</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/2001_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="2001 în informatică">2001</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/2002_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="2002 în informatică">2002</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/2003_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="2003 în informatică">2003</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/2004_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="2004 în informatică">2004</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/2005_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="2005 în informatică">2005</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/2006_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="2006 în informatică">2006</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/2007_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="2007 în informatică">2007</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/2008_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="2008 în informatică">2008</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/2009_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="2009 în informatică">2009</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:silver"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anii_2010_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Anii 2010 în informatică — pagină inexistentă">Anii 2010</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2010_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="2010 în informatică">2010</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/2011_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="2011 în informatică">2011</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/2012_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="2012 în informatică">2012</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/2013_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="2013 în informatică">2013</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/2014_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83" title="2014 în informatică">2014</a> <br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=2015_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="2015 în informatică — pagină inexistentă">2015</a>&#160;• <a href="/w/index.php?title=2016_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="2016 în informatică — pagină inexistentă">2016</a>&#160;• <a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="2017 în informatică — pagină inexistentă">2017</a>&#160;• <a href="/w/index.php?title=2018_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="2018 în informatică — pagină inexistentă">2018</a>&#160;• <a href="/w/index.php?title=2019_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="2019 în informatică — pagină inexistentă">2019</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:silver"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anii_2020_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Anii 2020 în informatică — pagină inexistentă">Anii 2020</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=2020_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="2020 în informatică — pagină inexistentă">2020</a>&#160;• <a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="2021 în informatică — pagină inexistentă">2021</a>• <a href="/w/index.php?title=2022_%C3%AEn_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="2022 în informatică — pagină inexistentă">2022</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Ca sistem științific fundamental, informatica are, la fel ca și <a href="/wiki/Matematic%C4%83" title="Matematică">matematica</a>, implicații profunde în multe alte domenii ale științei. Dacă prin <a href="/wiki/Matematic%C4%83" title="Matematică">matematică</a> se înțelege un "sistem de gândire formal", atunci informatica se concentrează pe ceea ce este "formal realizabil", adică ceea ce este realizabil din punctul de vedere al mașinii. Studierea problemelor informaticii poate să se apropie foarte mult de <a href="/wiki/Filozofie" class="mw-redirect" title="Filozofie">filozofie</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Disciplinele_informaticii">Disciplinele informaticii</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Informatic%C4%83&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Disciplinele informaticii" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Disciplinele informaticii"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Informatica se divide în următoarele domenii fundamentale: </p> <ul><li>informatică teoretică</li> <li>informatică aplicată</li> <li>informatică tehnică</li></ul> <p>Pe lângă aceste trei domenii principale, mai există: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inteligen%C8%9B%C4%83_artificial%C4%83" title="Inteligență artificială">inteligență artificială</a>, considerată drept interdisciplinară, într-o anumită măsură de sine stătătoare.</li></ul> <p>Utilizarea informaticii în diferite domenii ale vieții de zi cu zi, ca de exemplu în economie, geografie,domeniul medical, este cuprinsă în termenul de informatică aplicată. </p><p>Informatica teoretică poate fi considerată ca bază pentru alte domenii derivate. Aceasta asigură cunoștințele fundamentale pentru <a href="/w/index.php?title=Decidabilitate&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Decidabilitate — pagină inexistentă">decidabilitatea</a> unei probleme, sistematizarea <a href="/wiki/Complexitate" class="mw-redirect" title="Complexitate">complexității</a> și pentru formalizarea <a href="/wiki/Automat_finit" title="Automat finit">automatelor</a> și a <a href="/wiki/Limbaje_formale" class="mw-redirect" title="Limbaje formale">limbajelor formale</a>. </p><p>Pe aceste fundamente teoretice se constituie informatica practică și informatica tehnică. Acestea se ocupă cu problemele centrale ale prelucrării informației și oferă soluții pragmatice și adaptabile. În acest punct cele doua domenii de dezvoltare sunt strâns legate unul de altul, diferențiindu-se prin apropierea sau depărtarea de <a href="/wiki/Microelectronic%C4%83" title="Microelectronică">microelectronică</a>. Din punctul de vedere al informaticii, electronica nu reprezintă decât un instrument și nu un domeniu central de cercetare. În informatica practică, găsirea soluțiilor se face în așa fel încât să se obțină o cât mai mică dependență de electronică. </p><p>Rezultatele își găsesc în final utilizarea în informatica aplicată. Acestui domeniu îi revine realizarea echipamentelor și a programelor (hardware și software), prin urmare și marea parte a pieței tehnologiei informației <a href="/wiki/Tehnologia_informa%C8%9Biei" title="Tehnologia informației">TI</a> ( în engleză <i>Information Technology - IT</i>). În domeniile interdisciplinare se fac cercetări pentru găsirea posibilelor soluții pe care tehnologia informației le-ar putea oferi. Astfel se poate menționa aici dezvoltarea de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sisteme_geoinforma%C8%9Bionale&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sisteme geoinformaționale — pagină inexistentă">sisteme geoinformaționale</a>, sau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Informatic%C4%83_economic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Informatică economică — pagină inexistentă">informatică economică</a> ori <a href="/wiki/Bioinformatic%C4%83" title="Bioinformatică">bioinformatică</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Informatica_teoretică"><span id="Informatica_teoretic.C4.83"></span>Informatica teoretică</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Informatic%C4%83&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Informatica teoretică" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Informatica teoretică"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Informatica teoretică se ocupă cu studiul <a href="/wiki/Limbaje_formale" class="mw-redirect" title="Limbaje formale">teoriei limbajelor formale</a>, respectiv <a href="/w/index.php?title=Automatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Automatică — pagină inexistentă">automatica</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoria_computa%C8%9Bional%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Teoria computațională — pagină inexistentă">teoria computațională</a> și <a href="/wiki/Teoria_complexit%C4%83%C8%9Bii" title="Teoria complexității">complexității</a>, <a href="/wiki/Teoria_grafurilor" title="Teoria grafurilor">teoria grafurilor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Criptologie" class="mw-redirect" title="Criptologie">criptologie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Logic%C4%83" title="Logică">logică</a> ș.a. punând bazele pentru construirea <a href="/wiki/Compilator" title="Compilator">compilatoarelor</a> pentru <a href="/wiki/Limbaje_de_programare" class="mw-redirect" title="Limbaje de programare">limbajele de programare</a> și pentru formalizarea problemelor din <a href="/wiki/Matematic%C4%83" title="Matematică">matematică</a>. Ea este, prin urmare, coloana vertebrală a informaticii. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Automate_și_limbaje_formale"><span id="Automate_.C8.99i_limbaje_formale"></span>Automate și limbaje formale</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Informatic%C4%83&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Automate și limbaje formale" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Automate și limbaje formale"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Dea01.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Dea01.png/200px-Dea01.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Dea01.png/300px-Dea01.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Dea01.png/400px-Dea01.png 2x" data-file-width="448" data-file-height="133" /></a><figcaption>Un automat finit determinist, dat prin diagrama de stări</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Automat_finit" title="Automat finit">Automatele</a> sunt în informatică mașini teoretice, având un comportament <a href="/wiki/Expresie_bine_definit%C4%83" title="Expresie bine definită">bine definit</a> printr-o serie de reguli (<a href="/wiki/Algoritm" title="Algoritm">algoritm</a>), care alcătuiesc un <a href="/wiki/Program_(informatic%C4%83)" title="Program (informatică)">program</a>. Algoritmul reprezintă o mulțime finită de instrucțiuni, care, efectuate într-o ordine anume, dau un rezultat. </p><p>Un automat finit are finalitate prin aceea că, plecând de la orice stare în care se poate afla el la un moment dat, se ajunge la o stare finală bine determinată prin program. Desigur însă că se pot construi și programe cu elemente aleatorii sau pseudoaleatorii. </p><p>Automatul primește la intrare un așa numit "cuvânt de intrare" și, în funcție de ceea ce este programat să facă, va urma un șir de pași predefiniți (algoritmul), pentru a ajunge la un rezultat final. Un automat are o singură stare de pornire și un număr de stări finale bine determinate. În momentul în care automatul a ajuns într-o stare finală, după ce a parcurs toate stările intermediare corespunzătoare, se poate afirma că cuvântul de la intrarea automatului este acceptat. Mulțimea tuturor cuvintelor acceptate de un automat compun ceea ce se numește limbajul automatului. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Kellerautomat.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Kellerautomat.svg/200px-Kellerautomat.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Kellerautomat.svg/300px-Kellerautomat.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Kellerautomat.svg/400px-Kellerautomat.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="367" /></a><figcaption>Automat cu memorie. <br /> Eingabeband=Banda de intrare <br /> Lesekopf=Capul de citire <br /> Keller=stivă</figcaption></figure> <p>Pentru a putea accepta limbaje complicate, este nevoie de alte modele de automate, care în primul rând trebuie sa dispună de capacitate de memorare. Mulțimea tuturor cuvintelor care se compun dintr-o secvență care conține un număr egal de litere "a" și de litere "b" constituie un așa numit limbaj independent de context, pentru care este nevoie de un "automat cu memorie" (numit și "automat <i>push-down</i>"). Un astfel de automat are la dispoziție o stivă de memorii, cu posibilitatea de a sesiza de câte ori litera "a" a fost citită și încă neasociată - și deci de câte ori trebuie să mai apară litera "b". </p><p>Lingvistul <a href="/wiki/Noam_Chomsky" title="Noam Chomsky">Noam Chomsky</a> a clasificat <a href="/wiki/Limbaje_formale" class="mw-redirect" title="Limbaje formale">limbajele formale</a> într-o <a href="/wiki/Ierarhia_Chomsky" title="Ierarhia Chomsky">ierarhie</a> după cum urmează: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Limbaje_regulate" class="mw-redirect" title="Limbaje regulate">Limbaje regulate</a> (engl.: <i>Regular Language</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limbaje_independente_de_context" title="Limbaje independente de context">Limbaje independente de context</a> (engl.: <i>Context-free Language</i>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Limbaje_dependente_de_context&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Limbaje dependente de context — pagină inexistentă">Limbaje dependente de context</a> (engl.: <i>Context-sensitive Language</i>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Limbaje_recursiv_enumerabile&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Limbaje recursiv enumerabile — pagină inexistentă">Limbaje recursiv enumerabile</a> (engl.: <i>Recursively enumerable Language</i>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Teoria_computațională"><span id="Teoria_computa.C8.9Bional.C4.83"></span>Teoria computațională</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Informatic%C4%83&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Modifică secțiunea: Teoria computațională" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Teoria computațională"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>În teoria computațională, informatica teoretică studiază posibilitățile de rezolvare a unei probleme cu o anumită mașină. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teza_Curch-Turing&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Teza Curch-Turing — pagină inexistentă">Teza Curch-Turing</a> susține că orice problemă intuitivă care poate avea o soluție, deci computabilă, poate fi rezolvată de o mașină <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoria_computa%C8%9Bional%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Teoria computațională — pagină inexistentă">MAA - mașină cu acces aleator</a> sau și de <a href="/wiki/Ma%C8%99ina_Turing" class="mw-redirect" title="Mașina Turing">mașina Turing</a>, prin urmare neexistând o mașină care să fie limitată computațional. Aceasta <a href="/wiki/Tez%C4%83" class="mw-disambig" title="Teză">teză</a> nu este demonstrabilă în mod formal, fiind totuși universal acceptată. Se spune că un model de sistem computațional, respectiv un limbaj de programare, este "Turing complet compatibil", dacă cu acesta se poate simula mașina universală Turing. Toate computerele actuale sunt "Turing complet compatibile", aceasta însemnând că se poate găsi o soluție pentru orice problemă decidabilă. Termenul de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Decidabilitate&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Decidabilitate — pagină inexistentă">decidabilitate</a> poate fi descris ca o întrebare dacă o problemă anume este rezolvabilă algoritmic sau nu. Astfel, de exemplu, problema celui mai mic multiplu comun a două numere este o problemă decidabilă. O problemă nedecidabilă este de exemplu întrebarea dacă un computer, dându-i-se anumiți parametri de intrare, va ajunge vreodată la rezultat, fapt cunoscut sub numele de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Problema_Halt&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Problema Halt — pagină inexistentă">problema Halt</a>. În teoria computațională se cercetează ce mașini se pot utiliza pentru efectuarea unei funcții date. Astfel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Func%C8%9Bia_Ackermann&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Funcția Ackermann — pagină inexistentă">funcția Ackermann</a> de exemplu este rezolvată nu prin clasa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Program_de_tip_Loop&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Program de tip Loop — pagină inexistentă">programelor de tip loop</a>, ci prin mai eficienta clasă a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Program_de_tip_while&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Program de tip while — pagină inexistentă">programelor de tip <i>while</i></a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vezi_și"><span id="Vezi_.C8.99i"></span>Vezi și</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Informatic%C4%83&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Modifică secțiunea: Vezi și" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Vezi și"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Istoria_informaticii" title="Istoria informaticii">Istoria informaticii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inteligen%C8%9B%C4%83_artificial%C4%83" title="Inteligență artificială">Inteligență artificială</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limbaj_de_programare" title="Limbaj de programare">Limbaj de programare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Programare" title="Programare">Programare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehnologia_informa%C8%9Biei" title="Tehnologia informației">Tehnologia informației</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bioinformatic%C4%83" title="Bioinformatică">Bioinformatică</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legături_externe"><span id="Leg.C4.83turi_externe"></span>Legături externe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Informatic%C4%83&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8" title="Modifică secțiunea: Legături externe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Legături externe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Materiale media legate de <span class="plainlinks"><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Computer_science?uselang=ro">informatică</a></b></span> la <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a></li></ul> <table style="width:100%; border: 1px solid #c0c0c0; background:#fffbf0; margin-top:0.5em; clear:both; float:center"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="background:#F3CF3F; font-family:Lucida Sans, Lucida Console, Arial; font-size:18px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Desktop_computer_clipart_-_Yellow_theme.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Desktop_computer_clipart_-_Yellow_theme.svg/28px-Desktop_computer_clipart_-_Yellow_theme.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Desktop_computer_clipart_-_Yellow_theme.svg/42px-Desktop_computer_clipart_-_Yellow_theme.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Desktop_computer_clipart_-_Yellow_theme.svg/56px-Desktop_computer_clipart_-_Yellow_theme.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="281" data-file-height="203" /></a></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Informatică</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td width="33%" style="text-align:center; padding:1px"><b><a href="/wiki/Proiect:Informatic%C4%83" title="Proiect:Informatică">Proiectul Informatică</a></b> </td> <td width="33%" style="text-align:center; padding:1px"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Informatic%C4%83" title="Portal:Informatică">Portal Informatică</a></b> </td> <td width="33%" style="text-align:center; padding:1px"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discu%C8%9Bii_proiect:Informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Discuții proiect:Informatică — pagină inexistentă">Codul de Bare</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4"> <div class="NavFrame" style="margin-top: 0; border: none; background:transparent;"> <div class="NavHead" style="background:#F3CF3F;">Categorii principale</div> <div class="NavContent" style="font-size:small; background:transparent;"> <table style="background:transparent; width:100%; text-align:left;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Informatic%C4%83" title="Categorie:Informatică">Informatică</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Istoria_informaticii" title="Categorie:Istoria informaticii">Istoria Informaticii</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:Teoria_informaticii&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:Teoria informaticii — pagină inexistentă">Teoria Informaticii</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:Administrarea_informaticii&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:Administrarea informaticii — pagină inexistentă">Administrarea Informaticii</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:Asocia%C8%9Bii_informatice&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:Asociații informatice — pagină inexistentă">Asociații Informatice</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:Companii_informatice&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:Companii informatice — pagină inexistentă">Companii Informatice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Informaticieni" title="Categorie:Informaticieni">Informaticieni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:Evenimente_informatice&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:Evenimente informatice — pagină inexistentă">Evenimente ale Informaticii</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:Reviste_de_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:Reviste de informatică — pagină inexistentă">Reviste de Informatică</a></li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Computer" class="mw-redirect" title="Categorie:Computer">Computer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:Firmware&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:Firmware — pagină inexistentă">Firmware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Hardware" title="Categorie:Hardware">Hardware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Software" title="Categorie:Software">Software</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:Software_libero&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:Software libero — pagină inexistentă">Software libero</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:Re%C8%9Bele_telematice&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:Rețele telematice — pagină inexistentă">Rețele telematice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Internet" title="Categorie:Internet">Internet</a></li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:Sistem_operativ&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:Sistem operativ — pagină inexistentă">Sistem operativ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:Sisteme_operative&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:Sisteme operative — pagină inexistentă">Sisteme operative</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:Sisteme_informative&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:Sisteme informative — pagină inexistentă">Sisteme informative</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:Aplica%C8%9Bii_ale_Informaticii&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:Aplicații ale Informaticii — pagină inexistentă">Aplicații ale Informaticii</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:Standard_informatic&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:Standard informatic — pagină inexistentă">Standard informatic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:Siguran%C8%9B%C4%83_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:Siguranță informatică — pagină inexistentă">Siguranță Informatică</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Jocuri_video" title="Categorie:Jocuri video">Jocuri video</a></li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Liste_informatic%C4%83" title="Categorie:Liste informatică">Liste de Informatică</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Cioturi_Informatic%C4%83" title="Categorie:Cioturi Informatică">Ciot Informatică</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:Da_ajutare_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:Da ajutare informatică — pagină inexistentă">Da ajutare</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:Pagin%C4%83_orfan%C4%83_-_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:Pagină orfană - informatică — pagină inexistentă">Pagină orfană</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:De_wikizat_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:De wikizat informatică — pagină inexistentă">De wikizat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:De_controlat_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:De controlat informatică — pagină inexistentă">De controlat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:De_tradus_-_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:De tradus - informatică — pagină inexistentă">De tradus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:De_verificat_politica_enciclopediei_-_informatic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:De verificat politica enciclopediei - informatică — pagină inexistentă">De verificat politica enciclopediei</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding:2px;"> <table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"> <tbody><tr> <th style=";" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000); white-space:nowrap; ;"><span style=";;border:none;"><a href="/wiki/Format:Domenii_ale_ingineriei" title="Format:Domenii ale ingineriei"><span title="Vizualizare format" style=";;border:none;;">v</span></a>&#160;<span style="font-size:80%;">•</span>&#160;<a href="/w/index.php?title=Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:Domenii_ale_ingineriei&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Discuție Format:Domenii ale ingineriei — pagină inexistentă"><span title="Discuție format" style=";;border:none;;">d</span></a>&#160;<span style="font-size:80%;">•</span>&#160;<a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:Domenii_ale_ingineriei&amp;action=edit"><span title="Acest format se poate modifica. Folosiți butonul de previzualizare înainte de a salva." style=";;border:none;;">m</span></a></span></div></div><span class="" style="font-size: 110%;"><a href="/wiki/Inginerie" title="Inginerie">Domenii ale ingineriei</a></span> </th></tr> <tr style="height:2px;"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Specialități și<br />interdisciplinaritate </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> </div> <table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;;;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Inginerie_civil%C4%83" title="Inginerie civilă">Inginerie<br />civilă</a></div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <p><a href="/wiki/Servicii_tehnice_din_construc%C8%9Bii" title="Servicii tehnice din construcții">Servicii tehnice din construcții (inginerie arhitectură)</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Geotehnic%C4%83" title="Geotehnică">Geotehnică</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingineria_construc%C8%9Biilor&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ingineria construcțiilor — pagină inexistentă">Ingineria construcțiilor</a>(<a href="/wiki/Construc%C8%9Bii" title="Construcții">Construcții</a>)&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Miner" title="Miner">Minieră</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Hidrotehnic%C4%83" title="Hidrotehnică">Hidrotehnică</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Ingineria_mediului" title="Ingineria mediului">Mediu</a>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Inginerie_ecologic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Inginerie ecologică — pagină inexistentă">Inginerie ecologică</a> și <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inginerie_sanitar%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Inginerie sanitară — pagină inexistentă">Inginerie sanitară</a>) &#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Inginerie_structural%C4%83" title="Inginerie structurală">Structurală</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingineria_instalatiilor&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ingineria instalatiilor — pagină inexistentă">Ingineria instalatiilor</a> </p> &#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingineria_transporturilor&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ingineria transporturilor — pagină inexistentă">Ingineria transporturilor</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Inginerie_mecanic%C4%83" title="Inginerie mecanică">Inginerie<br />mecanică</a></div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Inginerie_aerospa%C8%9Bial%C4%83" title="Inginerie aerospațială">Aerospațială</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Vehicul" title="Vehicul">Auto</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/w/index.php?title=Inginerie_feroviar%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Inginerie feroviară — pagină inexistentă">Feroviară</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Inginerie_industrial%C4%83" title="Inginerie industrială">Industrială</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Mecatronic%C4%83" title="Mecatronică">Mecatronică</a> (<a href="/wiki/Robotic%C4%83" title="Robotică">Robotică</a>)&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Inginerie_energetic%C4%83" title="Inginerie energetică">Energetică</a> &#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/%C3%8Enc%C4%83lzire,_ventila%C8%9Bie_%C8%99i_aer_condi%C8%9Bionat" title="Încălzire, ventilație și aer condiționat">( HVAC )</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/w/index.php?title=Inginerie_naval%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Inginerie navală — pagină inexistentă">Navală</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/w/index.php?title=Inginerie_optic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Inginerie optică — pagină inexistentă">Optică</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/w/index.php?title=Inginerie_sportiv%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Inginerie sportivă — pagină inexistentă">Sportivă</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/%C8%98tiin%C8%9Ba_materialelor" title="Știința materialelor">Știința materialelor</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Tribologie" title="Tribologie">Tribologie</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Control_nedistructiv" title="Control nedistructiv">Control nedistructiv</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Proiectare_asistat%C4%83_de_calculator" title="Proiectare asistată de calculator">Proiectare asistată de calculator</a>(CAD)&#160;&#8226;&#32; <a href="/wiki/Design" title="Design">Proiectare</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Design_industrial" title="Design industrial">Design industrial</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabrica%C8%9Bie_asistat%C4%83_de_calculator&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fabricație asistată de calculator — pagină inexistentă">Fabricație asistată de calculator</a>(CAM)</div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Electrotehnic%C4%83" title="Electrotehnică">Inginerie<br />electrică</a></div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingineria_sistemelor_de_control&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ingineria sistemelor de control — pagină inexistentă">Control</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Inginerie_electronic%C4%83" title="Inginerie electronică">Electronică</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Electromecanic%C4%83" title="Electromecanică">Electromecanică</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Electrotehnic%C4%83" title="Electrotehnică">Electrotehnică</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/w/index.php?title=Frecventa_radio&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Frecventa radio — pagină inexistentă">Frecventa radio</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingineria_sistemelor_de_control&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ingineria sistemelor de control — pagină inexistentă">Ingineria sistemelor de control</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Inginer_de_sunet" title="Inginer de sunet">Inginer de sunet</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Telecomunica%C8%9Bie" title="Telecomunicație">Telecomunicații</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Inginerie_chimic%C4%83" title="Inginerie chimică">Inginerie<br />chimică</a></div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Inginerie_biochimic%C4%83" title="Inginerie biochimică">Biochimică</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Bioinginerie" title="Bioinginerie">Bioinginerie</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Bioinginerie_medical%C4%83" title="Bioinginerie medicală">Biomedicală</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bioinformatic%C4%83" title="Bioinformatică">Bioinformatică</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inginerie_clinic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Inginerie clinică — pagină inexistentă">Clinică</a>)&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Inginerie_genetic%C4%83" title="Inginerie genetică">Genetică</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Inginerie_molecular%C4%83" title="Inginerie moleculară">Moleculară</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Ingineria_calculatoarelor" title="Ingineria calculatoarelor">Ingineria<br />calculatoarelor</a></div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Inginerie_software" title="Inginerie software">Software</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Programarea_calculatoarelor" class="mw-redirect" title="Programarea calculatoarelor">Programarea calculatoarelor</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Informatică</a> (<a href="/wiki/Securitate_informatic%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Securitate informatică">Securitate informatică</a>)&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Sistem_informatic" title="Sistem informatic">Sistem informatic</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Altele</div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Managementul_ingineriei&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Managementul ingineriei — pagină inexistentă">Managementul ingineriei</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32; <a href="/wiki/Agrotehnic%C4%83" title="Agrotehnică">Agronomie</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32; <a href="/wiki/Bioinginerie_medical%C4%83" title="Bioinginerie medicală">Biomedical</a>(<a href="/wiki/Bioinformatic%C4%83" title="Bioinformatică">Bioinformatică</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Protez%C4%83" title="Proteză">Proteză</a>)&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Ingineria_coroziunii" title="Ingineria coroziunii">Coroziunii</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32; <a href="/wiki/Inginerie_de_protec%C8%9Bie_%C3%AEmpotriva_incendiilor" title="Inginerie de protecție împotriva incendiilor">Inginer de protecție la foc</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Matematic%C4%83_inginereasc%C4%83" title="Matematică inginerească">Inginerie matematică</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inginerie_logistic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Inginerie logistică — pagină inexistentă">Inginerie logistică</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32; <a href="/wiki/Inginerie_fizic%C4%83" title="Inginerie fizică">Inginerie fizică</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Inginerie_industrial%C4%83" title="Inginerie industrială">Industrial</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/%C8%98tiin%C8%9Ba_materialelor" title="Știința materialelor">Știința materialelor</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Audio" class="mw-redirect" title="Audio">Inginer de sunet</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Geniu_(arm%C4%83)" title="Geniu (armă)">Militar</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32; <a href="/wiki/Nanotehnologie" title="Nanotehnologie">Nanotehnologie</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32; <a href="/wiki/Conduct%C4%83" title="Conductă">Conducte</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/w/index.php?title=Siguran%C8%9B%C4%83(Ingineria_siguran%C8%9Bei)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Siguranță(Ingineria siguranței) — pagină inexistentă">Siguranță(Ingineria siguranței)</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Studii de<br />inginerie</div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> Studii universitare de (<a href="/wiki/Studii_universitare_de_licen%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Studii universitare de licență">licență</a> și <a href="/wiki/Studii_universitare_de_masterat" title="Studii universitare de masterat">masterat</a>)&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/w/index.php?title=Diplom%C4%83_de_inginer&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Diplomă de inginer — pagină inexistentă">Diplomă de inginer</a> &#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Doctor" title="Doctor">Doctor</a> în Inginerie</div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16513826">.mw-parser-output .navbox{margin:0 auto 0}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-image[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-list[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-even[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-title[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-image[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-list[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-even[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-title[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}}</style></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Subiecte asemănătoare </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Inginer" title="Inginer">Inginer</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32; <a href="/wiki/Inginer_european" title="Inginer european">Inginer european</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Organiza%C8%9Bii_neguvernamentale" class="mw-redirect" title="Organizații neguvernamentale">Organizații neguvernamentale</a> și <br /><a href="/wiki/List%C4%83_de_organiza%C8%9Bii_guvernamentale_din_Rom%C3%A2nia" title="Listă de organizații guvernamentale din România">Organizații Guvernamentale</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Organiza%C8%9Bia_Na%C8%9Biunilor_Unite_pentru_Educa%C8%9Bie,_%C8%98tiin%C8%9B%C4%83_%C8%99i_Cultur%C4%83" title="Organizația Națiunilor Unite pentru Educație, Știință și Cultură">UNESCO</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Asocia%C8%9Bia_General%C4%83_a_Inginerilor_din_Rom%C3%A2nia" title="Asociația Generală a Inginerilor din România">AGIR</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Institutul_Inginerilor_Electrotehnicieni_%C8%99i_Electroni%C8%99ti" title="Institutul Inginerilor Electrotehnicieni și Electroniști">IEEE</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Academia_de_%C8%98tiin%C8%9Be_Tehnice_din_Rom%C3%A2nia" title="Academia de Științe Tehnice din România">ASTR</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Federa%C8%9Bia_European%C4%83_a_Asocia%C8%9Biilor_Na%C8%9Bionale_de_Ingineri" title="Federația Europeană a Asociațiilor Naționale de Ingineri">FEANI</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Academia_Oamenilor_de_%C8%98tiin%C8%9B%C4%83_din_Rom%C3%A2nia" title="Academia Oamenilor de Știință din România">AOSR</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Academia_de_%C8%98tiin%C8%9Be_Agricole_%C8%99i_Silvice_%E2%80%9EGheorghe_Ionescu-%C8%98i%C8%99e%C8%99ti%E2%80%9D" title="Academia de Științe Agricole și Silvice „Gheorghe Ionescu-Șișești”">AȘAS</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32; <a href="/wiki/VDI" title="VDI">VDI</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Federa%C8%9Bia_Mondial%C4%83_a_Organiza%C8%9Biilor_de_Inginerie&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Federația Mondială a Organizațiilor de Inginerie — pagină inexistentă">FMOI</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8035715" class="extiw" title="d:Q8035715"><span title="Federația Mondială a Organizațiilor de Inginerie la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> și <a href="/wiki/Ministerul_Cercet%C4%83rii,_Inov%C4%83rii_%C8%99i_Digitaliz%C4%83rii_(Rom%C3%A2nia)" title="Ministerul Cercetării, Inovării și Digitalizării (România)">Ministerul Cercetării, Inovării și Digitalizării (România)</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Sărbătoare </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Ziua_inginerului_rom%C3%A2n" title="Ziua inginerului român">Ziua inginerului român</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Muzee științifice </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Muzeul_Na%C8%9Bional_Tehnic_%E2%80%9EProf._ing._Dimitrie_Leonida%E2%80%9D" title="Muzeul Național Tehnic „Prof. ing. Dimitrie Leonida”">Muzeul Național Tehnic „Prof. ing. Dimitrie Leonida”</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Glosar_de_tehnic%C4%83" title="Glosar de tehnică">Glosare de tehnică</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Glosar_de_arhitectur%C4%83" title="Glosar de arhitectură">Arhitectură</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Glosar_de_calculatoare_%C8%99i_internet" title="Glosar de calculatoare și internet">Calculatoare și internet</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Glosar_de_chimie" title="Glosar de chimie">Chimie</a> (<a href="/wiki/Glosar_de_biochimie" title="Glosar de biochimie">Biochimie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glosar_de_genetic%C4%83" title="Glosar de genetică">Genetică</a>)&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Glosar_de_construc%C8%9Bii" title="Glosar de construcții">Construcții</a> (<a href="/wiki/Glosar_de_hidrotehnic%C4%83" title="Glosar de hidrotehnică">Hidrotehnică</a>)&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Glosar_de_electronic%C4%83" title="Glosar de electronică">Electronică</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Glosar_de_electrotehnic%C4%83" title="Glosar de electrotehnică">Electrotehnică</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Glosar_feroviar" title="Glosar feroviar">Feroviar</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Glosar_maritim" title="Glosar maritim">Maritim</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Glosar_de_mecanic%C4%83" title="Glosar de mecanică">Mecanică</a> (<a href="/wiki/Glosar_auto" title="Glosar auto">Auto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glosar_de_optic%C4%83" title="Glosar de optică">Optică</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glosar_de_termodinamic%C4%83" title="Glosar de termodinamică">Termodinamică</a>)&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Glosar_de_termeni_militari" title="Glosar de termeni militari">Militar</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Termeni </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> Transport (<a href="/wiki/Transport_rutier" title="Transport rutier">rutier</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Transport_public" class="mw-redirect" title="Transport public">public</a>) &#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Instala%C8%9Bii_sanitare" title="Instalații sanitare">Instalații sanitare</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32; <a href="/wiki/Cercet%C4%83tor" title="Cercetător">Cercetător</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Inven%C8%9Bie" title="Invenție">Invenție</a></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16513826"> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Control_de_autoritate" title="Ajutor:Control de autoritate">Control de autoritate</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&amp;authority_id=XX525961">XX525961</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11932109b">cb11932109b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11932109b">(data)</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Authority File">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4026894-9">4026894-9</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Historical_Dictionary_of_Switzerland" class="mw-redirect" title="Historical Dictionary of Switzerland">HDS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/008272">008272</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh89003285">sh89003285</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&amp;local_base=aut&amp;ccl_term=ica=ph124511&amp;CON_LNG=ENG">ph124511</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Control_de_autoritate" title="Ajutor:Control de autoritate"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg/40px-OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐7955f87976‐7kqxk Cached time: 20241119171635 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.367 seconds Real time usage: 0.803 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2019/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 120315/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 57336/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 19/100 Expensive parser function count: 8/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 7254/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.112/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2403155/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 2/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 452.474 1 -total 32.00% 144.789 1 Format:Commons_category-inline 31.76% 143.727 2 Format:Casetă_de_navigare_simplă 24.90% 112.667 1 Format:Domenii_ale_ingineriei 21.81% 98.703 1 Format:Referințe 20.78% 94.044 1 Format:Meta-casetăma 11.74% 53.122 1 Format:Control_de_autoritate 10.46% 47.335 1 Format:Subgrup_casetă_de_navigare 9.97% 45.113 1 Format:Meta-casetă/core 9.56% 43.245 1 Format:Category_handler --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key rowiki:pcache:idhash:3769-0!canonical and timestamp 20241119171635 and revision id 16401826. 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