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id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Principal photography</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 28 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A" title="تصوير رئيسي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تصوير رئيسي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%88%D3%A9%D1%80%D3%A9%D2%AF_%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Кино төшөрөү осоро – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Кино төшөрөү осоро" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodatge" title="Rodatge – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Rodatge" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreharbeiten" title="Dreharbeiten – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Dreharbeiten" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodaje" title="Rodaje – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rodaje" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%84%DB%8C" title="تصویربرداری اصلی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تصویربرداری اصلی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tournage_(audiovisuel)" title="Tournage (audiovisuel) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tournage (audiovisuel)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opnamen_(produksje)" title="Opnamen (produksje) – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Opnamen (produksje)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B3%B8_%EC%B4%AC%EC%98%81" title="본 촬영 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="본 촬영" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B7%D6%80%D5%BB%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Նկարահանման շրջան – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նկարահանման շրջան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%80" title="प्रिंसिपल फोटोग्राफी – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="प्रिंसिपल फोटोग्राफी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pengambilan_gambar_utama" title="Pengambilan gambar utama – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pengambilan gambar utama" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavorazione_(cinema)" title="Lavorazione (cinema) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lavorazione (cinema)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%91_%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9D_(%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A2)" title="שלב הצילומים (קולנוע) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שלב הצילומים (קולנוע)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E6%92%AE%E5%BD%B1" title="主要撮影 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="主要撮影" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okres_zdj%C4%99ciowy" title="Okres zdjęciowy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Okres zdjęciowy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filmagem" title="Filmagem – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Filmagem" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filmare_principal%C4%83" title="Filmare principală – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Filmare principală" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8A%D1%91%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Съёмочный период – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Съёмочный период" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principal_photography" title="Principal photography – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Principal photography" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glavna_fotografija" title="Glavna fotografija – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Glavna fotografija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8E%D9%86%DB%95%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%95%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="وێنەگرییی سەرەکی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="وێنەگرییی سەرەکی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%96%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D" title="การถ่ายภาพยนตร์ฉากสำคัญ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การถ่ายภาพยนตร์ฉากสำคัญ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temel_%C3%A7ekim" title="Temel çekim – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Temel çekim" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%B7%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Основні зйомки – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Основні зйомки" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quay_phim_ch%C3%ADnh" title="Quay phim chính – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quay phim chính" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filmaedje_(d%27_on_fime)" title="Filmaedje (d' on fime) – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Filmaedje (d' on fime)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E4%BD%93%E6%8B%8D%E6%91%84" title="主体拍摄 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="主体拍摄" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1256415#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Principal_photography" title="View 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Principal+photography%22">"Principal photography"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Principal+photography%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Principal+photography%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Principal+photography%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Principal+photography%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Principal+photography%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Phase of producing a film or television show in which the bulk of shooting takes place</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Newark-film-production.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Newark-film-production.jpg/220px-Newark-film-production.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" 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.mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:18.0em;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="padding-bottom:0.1em;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Filmmaking" title="Category:Filmmaking">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#36454F;padding-bottom:0.1em;font-size:200%;font-weight:normal;color:white;"><a href="/wiki/Filmmaking" title="Filmmaking"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Filmmaking</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding:0.4em 0 0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Video-x-generic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Reel of film"><img alt="Reel of film" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/90px-Video-x-generic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/135px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/180px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Filmmaking#Development" title="Filmmaking">Development</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Step_outline" title="Step outline">Step outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_treatment" title="Film treatment">Film treatment</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scriptment" title="Scriptment">Scriptment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screenplay" title="Screenplay">Screenplay</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Film_finance" title="Film finance">Film finance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_budgeting" title="Film budgeting">Film budgeting</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Green-light" class="mw-redirect" title="Green-light">Green-light</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Pre-production" title="Pre-production">Pre-production</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breaking_down_the_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Breaking down the script">Breaking down the script</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Script_breakdown" title="Script breakdown">Script breakdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storyboard" title="Storyboard">Storyboard</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Production_board" title="Production board">Production board</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Production_strip" class="mw-redirect" title="Production strip">Production strip</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Day_out_of_Days_(filmmaking)" class="mw-redirect" title="Day out of Days (filmmaking)">Day Out of Days</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Production_schedule" title="Production schedule">Production schedule</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One_liner_schedule" title="One liner schedule">One liner schedule</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_schedule" title="Shooting schedule">Shooting schedule</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Production</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinematography" title="Cinematography">Cinematography</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Principal photography</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Videography" title="Videography">Videography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_script" title="Shooting script">Shooting script</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Film_inventory_report" title="Film inventory report">Film inventory report</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daily_call_sheet" title="Daily call sheet">Daily call sheet</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Production_report" title="Production report">Production report</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daily_production_report" title="Daily production report">Daily production report</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daily_progress_report" title="Daily progress report">Daily progress report</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daily_editor_log" class="mw-redirect" title="Daily editor log">Daily editor log</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_report" title="Sound report">Sound report</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Cost report</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Post-production" title="Post-production">Post-production</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Film_editing" title="Film editing">Film editing</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Re-recording_(filmmaking)" title="Re-recording (filmmaking)">Re-recording</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sync_sound" title="Sync sound">Sync sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soundtrack" title="Soundtrack">Soundtrack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_score" title="Film score">Music</a></li></ul> <div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em; line-height:1.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Special_effect" title="Special effect">Special effects</a> <div class="hlist"><ul><li>(<a href="/wiki/Sound_effect" title="Sound effect">sound</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Visual_effects" title="Visual effects">visual</a>)</li></ul></div></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Negative_cost" title="Negative cost">Negative cost</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Film_distribution" title="Film distribution">Distribution</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Film_distribution" title="Film distribution">Distribution</a></li></ul> <div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em; line-height:1.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Film_release" class="mw-redirect" title="Film release">Film release</a> <div class="hlist"><ul><li>(<a href="/wiki/Wide_release" title="Wide release">wide</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Limited_release" class="mw-redirect" title="Limited release">limited</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Delayed_release_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Delayed release (film)">delayed</a>)</li></ul></div></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roadshow_theatrical_release" title="Roadshow theatrical release">Roadshow</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Film_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Film history">Film history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filmography" title="Filmography">Filmography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_filmmaking" title="Guerrilla filmmaking">Guerrilla filmmaking</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <b><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_motion_picture_terms" title="Glossary of motion picture terms">Glossary</a></b></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">See also</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">Film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_crew" title="Film crew">Film crew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hook_(filmmaking)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hook (filmmaking)">Hook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitch_(filmmaking)" title="Pitch (filmmaking)">Pitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screenwriting" title="Screenwriting">Screenwriting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spec_script" title="Spec script">Spec script</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-top:0.1em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;font-size:smaller;"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/16px-Video-x-generic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/24px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/32px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Film" title="Portal:Film">Film portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Filmmaking_sidebar" title="Template:Filmmaking sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Filmmaking_sidebar" title="Template talk:Filmmaking sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Filmmaking_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Filmmaking sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Principal photography</b> is the phase of producing a <a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">film</a> or <a href="/wiki/Television_show" title="Television show">television show</a> in which the bulk of shooting takes place, as distinct from the phases of <a href="/wiki/Pre-production" title="Pre-production">pre-production</a> and <a href="/wiki/Post-production" title="Post-production">post-production</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Manriquez_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Manriquez-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Jr.2010_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jr.2010-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personnel">Personnel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Principal_photography&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Personnel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Besides the main film personnel, such as <a href="/wiki/Actor" title="Actor">actors</a>, <a href="/wiki/Film_director" title="Film director">director</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cinematographer" title="Cinematographer">cinematographer</a> or <a href="/wiki/Sound_engineer" class="mw-redirect" title="Sound engineer">sound engineer</a> and their respective assistants (<a href="/wiki/Assistant_director" title="Assistant director">assistant director</a>, <a href="/wiki/Camera_assistant" class="mw-redirect" title="Camera assistant">camera assistant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boom_operator_(media)" title="Boom operator (media)">boom operator</a>), the <a href="/wiki/Unit_production_manager" title="Unit production manager">unit production manager</a> plays a decisive role in principal photography. They are responsible for the daily implementation of the shoot, managing the <a href="/wiki/Daily_call_sheet" title="Daily call sheet">daily call sheet</a>, the location barriers, transportation, and catering. Additional typical roles during filming include the <a href="/wiki/Script_supervisor" title="Script supervisor">script supervisor</a> to record changes to the <a href="/wiki/Screenplay" title="Screenplay">script</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Still_photographer" class="mw-redirect" title="Still photographer">still photographer</a> to produce images for advertising and documentation. </p><p>Several reports are prepared each day to track the progress of a film production, including the <a href="/wiki/Daily_production_report" title="Daily production report">daily production report</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Daily_progress_report" title="Daily progress report">daily progress report</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Sound_report" title="Sound report">sound report</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Process">Process</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Principal_photography&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Process"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Preparation">Preparation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Principal_photography&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Preparation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Principal photography can take place in a studio or in an <a href="/wiki/Location_shooting" title="Location shooting">actual setting</a>, and the choice of <a href="/wiki/Filming_location" title="Filming location">location</a> depends on artistic and economic aspects. While shooting in a <a href="/wiki/Sound_stage" title="Sound stage">sound stage</a> offers more accurate planning, constructing sets may be expensive. Costs and artistic reasons (see <a href="/wiki/French_New_Wave" title="French New Wave">French New Wave</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dogme_95" title="Dogme 95">Dogme 95</a>) are the main drives behind filming on location. However, outdoor shooting requires more effort because equipment and personnel must be transported to the location. In the early days of cinema, filmmakers tried to film outdoors as much as possible, as sunlight was needed to ensure adequate exposure of poor-quality early <a href="/wiki/Film_stock" title="Film stock">film stock</a>; nowadays, due to the increased use of <a href="/wiki/Computer-generated_imagery" title="Computer-generated imagery">CGI</a>, more shooting is done in a studio. </p><p>Depending on the laws of the respective country, the producer must obtain <a href="/wiki/Filming_permit" title="Filming permit">filming permits</a> from private individuals, authorities or companies for the selected locations before filming begins. An extensive production may require closing the area with signs and diversions. A filming permit within an urban area usually requires a fee, which depends on the complexity and scope of the filming as well as the attractiveness of the location. </p><p>Once the locations have been set, the screenplay is summarized in a <a href="/wiki/Script_breakdown" title="Script breakdown">script breakdown</a> with all information relevant to the shooting. Under the supervision of the producer, the <a href="/wiki/Unit_production_manager" title="Unit production manager">unit production manager</a> prepares the <a href="/wiki/Production_schedule" title="Production schedule">production schedule</a>, <a href="/wiki/Production_board" title="Production board">production board</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Shooting_schedule" title="Shooting schedule">shooting schedule</a> to work out the exact sequence in which the scenes in the script will be shot. Due to a great many considerations beyond the scope of this article (but addressed at length in the <a href="/wiki/Production_board" title="Production board">production board</a> article), the sequence of the scenes to be shot normally does not follow their chronological sequence in the script. These schedules are then used to build the <a href="/wiki/Daily_call_sheet" title="Daily call sheet">daily call sheets</a>, which summarize the relevant information from the schedule and lists exactly who has to be on the set for a planned daily shoot. At the same time, the call sheets provides information about the scene numbers, script pages and locations relevant for each day, as well as the necessary equipment. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Feature_film" title="Feature film">Feature films</a> usually have insurance in place by the time principal photography begins.<sup id="cite_ref-Epstein_Page_64_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Epstein_Page_64-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Doyle_Page_119_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Doyle_Page_119-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The death of a <a href="/wiki/Bankable_star" title="Bankable star">bankable star</a> before completing all planned takes or the loss of sets or footage can render a film impossible to complete as planned.<sup id="cite_ref-Epstein_Page_64_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Epstein_Page_64-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Stradling_Page_78_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stradling_Page_78-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, professional quality <a href="/wiki/Movie_camera" title="Movie camera">movie cameras</a> are usually rented as needed, and most camera houses do not allow rentals of their equipment without proof of insurance.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All this meticulous planning is necessary because time equals money. Every hour spent on set resolving issues which could have been resolved earlier—while the cast and crew wait for filming to resume—equals thousands of dollars which will need to come out of some other portion of the film's budget. As of 2012, the average "day cost" for an American film ranged from as low as $25,000 for low-budget films, to $35,000-$60,000 for midlevel budget films, to as high as $100,000-$250,000 for blockbuster films.<sup id="cite_ref-Doyle_Page_213_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Doyle_Page_213-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first <a href="/wiki/Assistant_director" title="Assistant director">assistant director</a> is paid very well to keep filming on schedule and within the original budget, and may be replaced (that is, fired) if the production strays too far from its original schedule and budget.<sup id="cite_ref-Doyle_Page_213_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Doyle_Page_213-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Main_shooting">Main shooting</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Principal_photography&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Main shooting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Principal photography is typically the most expensive phase of film production, due to actor, director, and set crew salaries, as well as the costs of certain shots, props, and on-set special effects.<sup id="cite_ref-Manriquez_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Manriquez-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Crabb_Page_276_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crabb_Page_276-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When filming begins, the preparation time is over: the final version of the script is done, the cast has been selected, and the buildings and structures on set have largely been completed. The start of filming generally marks a <a href="/wiki/Point_of_no_return" title="Point of no return">point of no return</a> for the financiers, because until it is complete, there is unlikely to be enough material filmed to release a final product needed to recoup costs.<sup id="cite_ref-Crabb_Page_276_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crabb_Page_276-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While it is common for a film to lose its <a href="/wiki/Greenlight" title="Greenlight">greenlight status</a> during the pre-production phase – for example, when an essential cast member drops out or unexpectedly dies, or some scandal engulfs the studio or an actor – it is rare for a film to lose financing once principal photography has begun.<sup id="cite_ref-Crabb_Page_276_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crabb_Page_276-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Immediately before a take is shot, the scene is rehearsed with camera, light and sound. Most American productions follow a specific procedure: </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Assistant_director" title="Assistant director">assistant director</a> (AD) calls "picture is up!" to inform everyone that a take is about to be recorded, and then "quiet, everyone!" Once everyone is ready to shoot, the AD calls "roll sound" (if the take involves sound), and the <a href="/wiki/Production_sound_mixer" title="Production sound mixer">production sound mixer</a> will start their equipment, record a verbal slate of the take's information, and announce "sound speed", or just "speed", when they are ready. The AD follows with "roll camera", answered by "speed!" by the <a href="/wiki/Camera_operator" title="Camera operator">camera operator</a> once the camera is recording. The <a href="/wiki/Clapper_loader" title="Clapper loader">clapper</a>, who is already in front of the camera with the <a href="/wiki/Clapperboard" title="Clapperboard">clapperboard</a>, calls "marker!" and slaps it shut. If the take involves extras or background action, the AD will cue them ("action background!"), and last is the director, telling the actors "action!". The AD may echo "action" louder on large sets. </p><p>A take is over when the director calls "Cut!" and the camera and sound stop recording. The ritual helps the general concentration at the location and allows saving costs by only recording the scene rather than the preparation for the scene. Each shot is repeated until the director is satisfied with it. </p><p>In addition to the actual film crew that does the principal photography (unit), there may be a second team (<a href="/wiki/Second_unit" title="Second unit">second unit</a>), which in turn comprises a full film crew with its own director, especially for more complex productions. The second unit works independently but in coordination with the director of the overall project and is responsible for city and landscape shots, <a href="/wiki/Establishing_shot" title="Establishing shot">establishing shots</a> and intermediate images as well as for mass, action and stunt scenes. </p><p>The length of the filming depends not only on the length of the film, but also on the number and type of locations. The shooting time for a 90-minute film in Europe is 12 to 100 days. In the USA, depending on the film project, a shooting time of 15 to 20, 40 to 50 or, for larger productions, 80 to 100 days is used as a basis for studio productions, although in other countries the shooting takes considerably longer. Because of breaks in recording and subsequent shoots that are difficult to calculate, the principal photography is usually planned longer than actually necessary. </p><p>Once a film concludes principal photography, it is said to have <a href="/wiki/Wrap_(filming)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wrap (filming)">wrapped</a>, and a wrap party may be organized to celebrate. During <a href="/wiki/Post-production" title="Post-production">post-production</a>, it may become apparent that some <a href="/wiki/Shot_(filming)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shot (filming)">shots</a> or <a href="/wiki/Sequence_(filming)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sequence (filming)">sequences</a> are missing or incomplete and are required to complete the film, or that a particular <a href="/wiki/Scene_(filming)" class="mw-redirect" title="Scene (filming)">scene</a> is not playing as expected, or that a performer needs to be replaced entirely. In these circumstances, additional material may have to be shot. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Follow-ups">Follow-ups</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Principal_photography&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Follow-ups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When using analog cameras, the exposed photographic film from a day of shooting is rushed to a photographic processing lab for development overnight, and then the developed raw footage is viewed by the director, cinematographer and producer the next day to determine whether reshooting is needed. With digital cameras, the so-called <a href="/wiki/Dailies" title="Dailies">dailies</a> can be viewed immediately after they are recorded. If the material proves to be inadequate or faulty, a re-shoot will be carried out on the day of shooting (digital) or on the day of the viewing (analog). </p><p>Sometimes, additional shooting is needed after principal photography is complete, because the shots already made have subsequently turned out to be unusable or additional shots are required. For example, serious deficiencies in the narrative structure may become clear only after filming (such as when a rough cut of the film is put through <a href="/wiki/Test_screening" title="Test screening">test screenings</a> with audiences who have not had the benefit of reading the screenplay in advance). Other reasons for re-shoots may be the <a href="/wiki/Production_company" title="Production company">production company</a>'s desire to make the film more commercially appealing, or the replacement of actors whose performance was lacking or who no longer fit the project after significant revisions to the film's plot or tone. </p><p>If the new material has already been shot once or is substantial, this process is referred to as a re-shoot. However, if the material is new and relatively minor, it is often referred to as a <a href="/wiki/Pick-up_(filmmaking)" title="Pick-up (filmmaking)">pick-up</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Principal_photography&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Manriquez-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Manriquez_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Manriquez_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFManriquezMcCluskey2014" class="citation book cs1">Manriquez, Antonio; McCluskey, Tom (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bDbvBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA34"><i>Video Production 101: Delivering the Message</i></a>. Peachpit Press. p. 34. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780133819915" title="Special:BookSources/9780133819915"><bdi>9780133819915</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Video+Production+101%3A+Delivering+the+Message&rft.pages=34&rft.pub=Peachpit+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9780133819915&rft.aulast=Manriquez&rft.aufirst=Antonio&rft.au=McCluskey%2C+Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbDbvBQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA34&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrincipal+photography" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jr.2010-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jr.2010_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeeGillen2010" class="citation book cs1">Lee, John J. Jr.; Gillen, Anne Marie (1 November 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GMNa-fi3YIAC&pg=PA218"><i>The Producer's Business Handbook: The Roadmap for the Balanced Film Producer</i></a>. Focal Press. pp. 218–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780240814636" title="Special:BookSources/9780240814636"><bdi>9780240814636</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Producer%27s+Business+Handbook%3A+The+Roadmap+for+the+Balanced+Film+Producer&rft.pages=218-&rft.pub=Focal+Press&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.isbn=9780240814636&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=John+J.+Jr.&rft.au=Gillen%2C+Anne+Marie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGMNa-fi3YIAC%26pg%3DPA218&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrincipal+photography" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Epstein_Page_64-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Epstein_Page_64_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Epstein_Page_64_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEpstein2012" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Jay_Epstein" title="Edward Jay Epstein">Epstein, Edward Jay</a> (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=h8NvDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA64#v=onepage&q&f=false"><i>The Hollywood Economist: The Hidden Financial Reality Behind the Movies</i></a> (Release 2.0 ed.). Brooklyn: Melville House. p. 64. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781612190501" title="Special:BookSources/9781612190501"><bdi>9781612190501</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hollywood+Economist%3A+The+Hidden+Financial+Reality+Behind+the+Movies&rft.place=Brooklyn&rft.pages=64&rft.edition=Release+2.0&rft.pub=Melville+House&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9781612190501&rft.aulast=Epstein&rft.aufirst=Edward+Jay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dh8NvDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA64%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrincipal+photography" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Doyle_Page_119-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Doyle_Page_119_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoyle2012" class="citation book cs1">Doyle, Barbara Freedman (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cPzhXug9X4oC&pg=PA119"><i>Make Your Movie: What You Need to Know About the Business and Politics of Filmmaking</i></a>. Waltham, Massachusetts: Focal Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">119–</span>122. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-240-82155-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-240-82155-9"><bdi>978-0-240-82155-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 14,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Make+Your+Movie%3A+What+You+Need+to+Know+About+the+Business+and+Politics+of+Filmmaking&rft.place=Waltham%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E119-%3C%2Fspan%3E122&rft.pub=Focal+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-240-82155-9&rft.aulast=Doyle&rft.aufirst=Barbara+Freedman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcPzhXug9X4oC%26pg%3DPA119&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrincipal+photography" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stradling_Page_78-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Stradling_Page_78_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStradling2010" class="citation book cs1">Stradling, Linda (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3kSHCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA78"><i>Production Management for TV and Film: The Professional's Guide</i></a>. London: Methuen Drama. p. 78. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781408198742" title="Special:BookSources/9781408198742"><bdi>9781408198742</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 14,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Production+Management+for+TV+and+Film%3A+The+Professional%27s+Guide&rft.place=London&rft.pages=78&rft.pub=Methuen+Drama&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9781408198742&rft.aulast=Stradling&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3kSHCgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA78&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrincipal+photography" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCampbell2006" class="citation book cs1">Campbell, Bruce (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MWM2cboo9zQC&pg=PA82"><i>The Complete Guide to Low-Budget Feature Filmmaking</i></a>. Rockville, MD: Wildside Press. p. 82. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780809556908" title="Special:BookSources/9780809556908"><bdi>9780809556908</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Guide+to+Low-Budget+Feature+Filmmaking&rft.place=Rockville%2C+MD&rft.pages=82&rft.pub=Wildside+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780809556908&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMWM2cboo9zQC%26pg%3DPA82&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrincipal+photography" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Doyle_Page_213-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Doyle_Page_213_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Doyle_Page_213_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoyle2012" class="citation book cs1">Doyle, Barbara Freedman (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cPzhXug9X4oC&pg=PA213"><i>Make Your Movie: What You Need to Know About the Business and Politics of Filmmaking</i></a>. Waltham, Massachusetts: Focal Press. p. 213. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-240-82155-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-240-82155-9"><bdi>978-0-240-82155-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 14,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Make+Your+Movie%3A+What+You+Need+to+Know+About+the+Business+and+Politics+of+Filmmaking&rft.place=Waltham%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pages=213&rft.pub=Focal+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-240-82155-9&rft.aulast=Doyle&rft.aufirst=Barbara+Freedman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcPzhXug9X4oC%26pg%3DPA213&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrincipal+photography" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Crabb_Page_276-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Crabb_Page_276_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Crabb_Page_276_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Crabb_Page_276_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKelly_Crabb2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kelly_C._Crabb" title="Kelly C. Crabb">Kelly Crabb</a> (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=w-wkvUwc2hYC&pg=PA276"><i>The Movie Business: The Definitive Guide to the Legal and Financial Secrets of Getting Your Movie Made</i></a>. Simon & Schuster. pp. <span class="nowrap">276–</span>277. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0743264924" title="Special:BookSources/0743264924"><bdi>0743264924</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Movie+Business%3A+The+Definitive+Guide+to+the+Legal+and+Financial+Secrets+of+Getting+Your+Movie+Made&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E276-%3C%2Fspan%3E277&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0743264924&rft.au=Kelly+Crabb&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dw-wkvUwc2hYC%26pg%3DPA276&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrincipal+photography" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Principal_photography&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/16px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/24px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/32px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> Learning materials related to <a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Filmmaking" class="extiw" title="v:Filmmaking">Filmmaking</a> at Wikiversity</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" 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.navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Filmmaking283" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" 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title="Filmmaking">Development</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Film_treatment" title="Film treatment">Film treatment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_producer" title="Film producer">Producer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scriptment" title="Scriptment">scriptment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Step_outline" title="Step outline">Step outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screenplay" title="Screenplay">Screenplay</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Screenwriting" title="Screenwriting">process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spec_script" title="Spec script">spec script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_adaptation" title="Film adaptation">film adaptation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hook_(filmmaking)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hook (filmmaking)">Hook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Option_(filmmaking)" title="Option (filmmaking)">Option</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_budgeting" title="Film budgeting">Film budgeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_finance" title="Film finance">Film finance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pitch_(filmmaking)" title="Pitch (filmmaking)">pitch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenlight" title="Greenlight">Greenlight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Working_title" title="Working title">Working title</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pre-production" title="Pre-production">Pre-production</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Script_breakdown" title="Script breakdown">Script breakdown</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breaking_down_the_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Breaking down the script">process</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_script" title="Shooting script">Shooting script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storyboard" title="Storyboard">Storyboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casting_(performing_arts)" title="Casting (performing arts)">Casting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scenography" title="Scenography">Scenography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehearsal" title="Rehearsal">Rehearsal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_board" title="Production board">Production board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Day_out_of_days_(filmmaking)" title="Day out of days (filmmaking)">Day out of days</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_schedule" title="Production schedule">Production schedule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_schedule" title="Shooting schedule">Shooting schedule</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One_liner_schedule" title="One liner schedule">one-liner</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Filmmaking" title="Filmmaking">Production</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Film_crew" title="Film crew">Film crew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinematic_techniques" title="Cinematic techniques">Cinematic techniques</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Principal photography</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinematography" title="Cinematography">Cinematography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Videography" title="Videography">Videography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Videographer" class="mw-redirect" title="Videographer">Videographer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daily_call_sheet" title="Daily call sheet">Daily call sheet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dailies" title="Dailies">Dailies (rushes)</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Daily_reports13" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Daily reports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Film_inventory_report" title="Film inventory report">Film inventory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_report" title="Production report">Production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daily_production_report" title="Daily production report">Daily production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daily_progress_report" title="Daily progress report">Progress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_report" title="Sound report">Sound</a></li> <li>Cost</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daily_editor_log" class="mw-redirect" title="Daily editor log">Editor log</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costume_designer" title="Costume designer">Costume designer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Make-up_artist" title="Make-up artist">Make-up artist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Post-production" title="Post-production">Post-production</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Film_editing" title="Film editing">Film editing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Re-recording_(filmmaking)" title="Re-recording (filmmaking)">Re-recording</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sync_sound" title="Sync sound">Sync sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soundtrack" title="Soundtrack">Soundtrack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timecode" title="Timecode">Timecode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_score" title="Film score">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_effect" title="Special effect">Special effects</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sound_effect" title="Sound effect">sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_effects" title="Visual effects">visual</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negative_cost" title="Negative cost">Negative cost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_intermediate" title="Digital intermediate">Digital intermediate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Film_distribution" title="Film distribution">Distribution</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Film_distributor" title="Film distributor">Film distributor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_film_distributors_by_country" title="List of film distributors by country">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_release" title="Art release">Film release</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wide_release" title="Wide release">wide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limited_theatrical_release" title="Limited theatrical release">limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delayed_release_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Delayed release (film)">delayed</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roadshow_theatrical_release" title="Roadshow theatrical release">Roadshow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_distribution" title="Digital distribution">Digital distribution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streaming_media" title="Streaming media">Streaming media</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Box_office" title="Box office">Box office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_filmmaking" title="Guerrilla filmmaking">Guerrilla filmmaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Development_hell" title="Development hell">Development hell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">Film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filmography" title="Filmography">Filmography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_industry" title="Film industry">Film industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_rights" title="Film rights">Film rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turnaround_(filmmaking)" title="Turnaround (filmmaking)">Turnaround</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First-dollar_gross" title="First-dollar gross">First-dollar gross</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/16px-Video-x-generic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/24px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/32px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Film" title="Portal:Film">Film portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Television_production117" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:TV_production" title="Template:TV production"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:TV_production" title="Template talk:TV production"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:TV_production" title="Special:EditPage/Template:TV production"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Television_production117" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Television_production" class="mw-redirect" title="Television production">Television production</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Main / general</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audience" title="Audience">Audience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadcast_network" title="Broadcast network">Broadcast network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_television" title="History of television">History of television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_crew" title="Television crew">Television crew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_show" title="Television show">Television show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_studio" title="Television studio">Television studio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_apparatus_room" title="Central apparatus room">Central apparatus room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changing_room" title="Changing room">Changing room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master_control" title="Master control">Master control room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_operations_center" title="Network operations center">Network operations center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_control_room" title="Production control room">Production control room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage_(theatre)" title="Stage (theatre)">Stage (theatre)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transmission_control_room" title="Transmission control room">Transmission control room</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Profiles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celebrity" title="Celebrity">Celebrity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Director_of_network_programming" title="Director of network programming">Director of network programming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_host" class="mw-redirect" title="Television host">Host</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/News_presenter" title="News presenter">News presenter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_commentator" title="Sports commentator">Sports commentator</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/News_director" title="News director">News director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Showrunner" title="Showrunner">Showrunner</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casting_director" class="mw-redirect" title="Casting director">Casting director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costume_designer" title="Costume designer">Costume designer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_director" title="Television director">TV director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_director" title="Assistant director">Assistant director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Location_manager" title="Location manager">Location manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Make-up_artist" title="Make-up artist">Make-up artist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_designer" title="Production designer">Production designer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Researcher" class="mw-redirect" title="Researcher">Researcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Set_designer" class="mw-redirect" title="Set designer">Set designer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_producer" title="Television producer">TV producer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_program_creator" class="mw-redirect" title="Television program creator">Television program creator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_producer" title="Executive producer">Executive producer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Line_producer" title="Line producer">Line producer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unit_production_manager" title="Unit production manager">Production manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Writer" title="Writer">Writer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Head_writer" title="Head writer">Head writer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screenwriter" title="Screenwriter">Screenwriter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Script_editor" title="Script editor">Script editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Story_editor" title="Story editor">Story editor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audio_engineer" title="Audio engineer">Audio engineer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boom_operator_(media)" title="Boom operator (media)">Boom operator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camera_operator" title="Camera operator">Camera operator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinematographer" title="Cinematographer">Cinematographer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Videographer" class="mw-redirect" title="Videographer">Videographer</a></li> <li>Character generator (CG) <a href="/wiki/Operator_(profession)" title="Operator (profession)">operator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Studio_floor_manager" title="Studio floor manager">Studio floor manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_coordinator" title="Graphics coordinator">Graphics coordinator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage_manager" class="mw-redirect" title="Stage manager">Stage manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaffer_(motion_picture_industry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaffer (motion picture industry)">gaffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grip_(job)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grip (job)">grip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Key_grip" title="Key grip">Key grip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolly_grip" title="Dolly grip">Dolly grip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unit_production_manager" title="Unit production manager">Unit production manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_assistant" title="Production assistant">Production assistant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gofer" title="Gofer">Gofer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stunt_coordinator" title="Stunt coordinator">Stunt coordinator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_director" title="Technical director">Technical director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_director" title="Television director">Television director</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadcast_engineering" title="Broadcast engineering">Broadcast engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_director#Television" title="Technical director">Technical director</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post-production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sound_editor_(filmmaking)" title="Sound editor (filmmaking)">Sound editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foley_artist" class="mw-redirect" title="Foley artist">Foley artist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Composer" title="Composer">Composer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_grading" title="Color grading">Colorist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_editing" title="Film editing">Editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Publicist" title="Publicist">Publicist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VFX" class="mw-redirect" title="VFX">Visual effects artist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Types, formats<br />and genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beauty_pageant" title="Beauty pageant">Beauty pageant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadcasting_of_sports_events" title="Broadcasting of sports events">Broadcasting of sports events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TV_commercial" class="mw-redirect" title="TV commercial">TV commercials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Event_television" title="Event television">Event television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_show" title="Game show">Game show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_television" title="Live television">Live television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variety_show" title="Variety show">Variety show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_crime_drama" class="mw-redirect" title="Police crime drama">Police crime drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reality_television" title="Reality television">Reality television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_film" title="Television film">Television film</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Documentary_film" title="Documentary film">Documentary film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mockumentary" title="Mockumentary">Mockumentary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_show" title="Television show">Television show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_special" title="Television special">Television special</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Series6" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animated_series" title="Animated series">Animated series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limited-run_series" title="Limited-run series">Limited-run series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miniseries" title="Miniseries">Miniseries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procedural_drama" title="Procedural drama">Procedural drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_(radio_and_television)" title="Serial (radio and television)">Serial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitcom" title="Sitcom">Sitcom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soap_opera" title="Soap opera">Soap opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talk_show" title="Talk show">Talk show</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Late-night_talk_show" title="Late-night talk show">Late-night talk show</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">News</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breaking_news" title="Breaking news">Breaking news</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debate_show" title="Debate show">Debate show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/News_broadcasting" title="News broadcasting">News broadcasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_commentary" class="mw-redirect" title="Political commentary">Political commentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traffic_reports" class="mw-redirect" title="Traffic reports">Traffic reports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weather_forecasts" class="mw-redirect" title="Weather forecasts">Weather forecasts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Valuation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audience_measurement" title="Audience measurement">Audience measurement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_television_awards" title="List of television awards">List of television awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_content_rating_system" title="Television content rating system">Television content rating system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_criticism" title="Television criticism">Television criticism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Technical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broadcast_reference_monitor" title="Broadcast reference monitor">Broadcast reference monitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Character_generator" title="Character generator">Character generator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_on-screen_graphic" title="Digital on-screen graphic">Digital on-screen graphic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixing_console" title="Mixing console">Mixing console</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microphone" title="Microphone">Microphones</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiple-camera_setup" title="Multiple-camera setup">Multiple-camera setup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outside_broadcasting" title="Outside broadcasting">Outside broadcasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_truck" title="Production truck">Production truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_video_camera" title="Professional video camera">Professional video camera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage_lighting" title="Stage lighting">Stage lighting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lighting_control_console" title="Lighting control console">Lighting control console</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vision_mixer" title="Vision mixer">Vision mixer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agenda-setting_theory" title="Agenda-setting theory">Agenda-setting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship" title="Censorship">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concentration_of_media_ownership" title="Concentration of media ownership">Concentration of media ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counterculture" title="Counterculture">Counterculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_speech" title="Freedom of speech">Freedom of speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_press" title="Freedom of the press">Freedom of the press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influence_of_mass_media" title="Influence of mass media">Influence of mass media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_activism" title="Media activism">Media activism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_bias" title="Media bias">Media bias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_manipulation" title="Media manipulation">Media manipulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_opinion" title="Public opinion">Public opinion</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Regulation10" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regulation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broadcast_law" title="Broadcast law">Broadcast law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bleep_censor" title="Bleep censor">Bleep censor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_law" title="Communications law">Communications law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entertainment_law" title="Entertainment law">Entertainment law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairness_Doctrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Fairness Doctrine">Fairness Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_policy" title="Media policy">Media policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_reform" title="Media reform">Media reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_regulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Media regulation">Media regulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixelization" title="Pixelization">Pixelization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Theory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Media_culture" title="Media culture">Media culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_studies" title="Media studies">Media studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_studies" title="Television studies">Television studies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Photography477" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Photography" title="Template:Photography"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Photography" title="Template talk:Photography"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Photography" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Photography"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Photography477" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Photography" title="Photography">Photography</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Equipment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camera" title="Camera">Camera</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Light_field_camera" title="Light field camera">light-field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_camera" title="Digital camera">digital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_camera" title="Field camera">field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instant_camera" title="Instant camera">instant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camera_phone" title="Camera phone">phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinhole_camera" title="Pinhole camera">pinhole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Press_camera" title="Press camera">press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rangefinder_camera" title="Rangefinder camera">rangefinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-lens_reflex_camera" title="Single-lens reflex camera">SLR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camera" title="Camera">still</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twin-lens_reflex_camera" title="Twin-lens reflex camera">TLR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toy_camera" title="Toy camera">toy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/View_camera" title="View camera">view</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darkroom" title="Darkroom">Darkroom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enlarger" title="Enlarger">enlarger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safelight" title="Safelight">safelight</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photographic_film" title="Photographic film">Film</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Film_base" title="Film base">base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_format" title="Film format">format</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_holder" title="Film holder">holder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_stock" title="Film stock">stock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_photographic_films" title="List of photographic films">available films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_discontinued_photographic_films" title="List of discontinued photographic films">discontinued films</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photographic_filter" title="Photographic filter">Filter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_(photography)" title="Flash (photography)">Flash</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beauty_dish" title="Beauty dish">beauty dish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cucoloris" title="Cucoloris">cucoloris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gobo_(lighting)" title="Gobo (lighting)">gobo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_shoe" title="Hot shoe">hot shoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lens_hood" title="Lens hood">lens hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monolight" title="Monolight">monolight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reflector_(photography)" title="Reflector (photography)">reflector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snoot" title="Snoot">snoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Softbox" title="Softbox">softbox</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camera_lens" title="Camera lens">Lens</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long-focus_lens" title="Long-focus lens">long-focus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_lens" title="Prime lens">prime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoom_lens" title="Zoom lens">zoom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wide-angle_lens" title="Wide-angle lens">wide-angle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisheye_lens" title="Fisheye lens">fisheye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swivel_lens" title="Swivel lens">swivel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telephoto_lens" title="Telephoto lens">telephoto</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_photographic_equipment_makers" title="List of photographic equipment makers">Manufacturers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monopod" title="Monopod">Monopod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movie_projector" title="Movie projector">Movie projector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slide_projector" title="Slide projector">Slide projector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripod_(photography)" title="Tripod (photography)">Tripod</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tripod_head" title="Tripod head">head</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zone_plate" title="Zone plate">Zone plate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terminology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/35_mm_equivalent_focal_length" title="35 mm equivalent focal length">35 mm equivalent focal length</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angle_of_view_(photography)" title="Angle of view (photography)">Angle of view</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aperture" title="Aperture">Aperture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backscatter_(photography)" title="Backscatter (photography)">Backscatter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-and-white" title="Black-and-white">Black-and-white</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromatic_aberration" title="Chromatic aberration">Chromatic aberration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circle_of_confusion" title="Circle of confusion">Circle of confusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clipping_(photography)" title="Clipping (photography)">Clipping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_balance" title="Color balance">Color balance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_temperature" title="Color temperature">Color temperature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Depth_of_field" title="Depth of field">Depth of field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Depth_of_focus" title="Depth of focus">Depth of focus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exposure_(photography)" title="Exposure (photography)">Exposure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exposure_compensation" title="Exposure compensation">Exposure compensation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exposure_value" title="Exposure value">Exposure value</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zebra_patterning" title="Zebra patterning">Zebra patterning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F-number" title="F-number">F-number</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_format" title="Film format">Film format</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Large_format" title="Large format">large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medium_format" title="Medium format">medium</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_speed" title="Film speed">Film speed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focal_length" title="Focal length">Focal length</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guide_number" title="Guide number">Guide number</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperfocal_distance" title="Hyperfocal distance">Hyperfocal distance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lens_flare" title="Lens flare">Lens flare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metering_mode" title="Metering mode">Metering mode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perspective_distortion" title="Perspective distortion">Perspective distortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photograph" title="Photograph">Photograph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photographic_printing" title="Photographic printing">Photographic printing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albumen_print" title="Albumen print">Albumen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_photographic_processes" title="List of photographic processes">Photographic processes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reciprocity_(photography)" title="Reciprocity (photography)">Reciprocity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-eye_effect" title="Red-eye effect">Red-eye effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_of_photography" title="Science of photography">Science of photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shutter_speed" title="Shutter speed">Shutter speed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_synchronization" title="Flash synchronization">Sync</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zone_System" title="Zone System">Zone System</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abstract_photography" title="Abstract photography">Abstract</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aerial_photography" title="Aerial photography">Aerial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_spotting" title="Aircraft spotting">Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architectural_photography" title="Architectural photography">Architectural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrophotography" title="Astrophotography">Astrophotography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banquet_photography" title="Banquet photography">Banquet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candid_photography" title="Candid photography">Candid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conceptual_photography" title="Conceptual photography">Conceptual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_photography" title="Conservation photography">Conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloudscape_photography" title="Cloudscape photography">Cloudscape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Documentary_photography" title="Documentary photography">Documentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eclipse_photography" title="Eclipse photography">Eclipse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_anthropology" title="Visual anthropology">Ethnographic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_photography" title="Erotic photography">Erotic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_photography" title="Fashion photography">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fine-art_photography" title="Fine-art photography">Fine-art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_photography" title="Fire photography">Fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forensic_photography" title="Forensic photography">Forensic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glamour_photography" title="Glamour photography">Glamour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-speed_photography" title="High-speed photography">High-speed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landscape_photography" title="Landscape photography">Landscape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monochrome_photography" title="Monochrome photography">Monochrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nature_photography" title="Nature photography">Nature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neues_Sehen" title="Neues Sehen">Neues Sehen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nude_photography" title="Nude photography">Nude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photojournalism" title="Photojournalism">Photojournalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pictorialism" title="Pictorialism">Pictorialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornography" title="Pornography">Pornography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portrait_photography" title="Portrait photography">Portrait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-mortem_photography" title="Post-mortem photography">Post-mortem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruins_photography" title="Ruins photography">Ruins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selfie" title="Selfie">Selfie</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_selfie" title="Space selfie">space selfie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_documentary_photography" title="Social documentary photography">Social documentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_photography" title="Sports photography">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Still_life_photography" title="Still life photography">Still life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stock_photography" title="Stock photography">Stock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight_photography" title="Straight photography">Straight photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_photography" title="Street photography">Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toy_camera" title="Toy camera">Toy camera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underwater_photography" title="Underwater photography">Underwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernacular_photography" title="Vernacular photography">Vernacular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_photography" title="Wedding photography">Wedding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_photography" title="Wildlife photography">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Techniques</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afocal_photography" title="Afocal photography">Afocal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bokeh" title="Bokeh">Bokeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brenizer_method" title="Brenizer method">Brenizer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burst_mode_(photography)" title="Burst mode (photography)">Burst mode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contre-jour" title="Contre-jour">Contre-jour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exposing_to_the_right" title="Exposing to the right">ETTR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fill_flash" title="Fill flash">Fill flash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fireworks_photography" title="Fireworks photography">Fireworks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand-colouring_of_photographs" title="Hand-colouring of photographs">Hand-colouring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harris_shutter" title="Harris shutter">Harris shutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-speed_photography" title="High-speed photography">High-speed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holography" title="Holography">Holography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infrared_photography" title="Infrared photography">Infrared</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intentional_camera_movement" title="Intentional camera movement">Intentional camera movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirlian_photography" title="Kirlian photography">Kirlian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kite_aerial_photography" title="Kite aerial photography">Kite aerial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lo-fi_photography" title="Lo-fi photography">Lo-fi photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long-exposure_photography" title="Long-exposure photography">Long-exposure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luminogram" title="Luminogram">Luminogram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macro_photography" title="Macro photography">Macro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mordan%C3%A7age" title="Mordançage">Mordançage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiple_exposure" title="Multiple exposure">Multiple exposure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-exposure_HDR_capture" title="Multi-exposure HDR capture">Multi-exposure HDR capture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night_photography" title="Night photography">Night</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panning_(camera)" title="Panning (camera)">Panning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panoramic_photography" title="Panoramic photography">Panoramic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photogram" title="Photogram">Photogram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photographic_print_toning" title="Photographic print toning">Print toning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pigeon_photography" title="Pigeon photography">Pigeon photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redscale" title="Redscale">Redscale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rephotography" title="Rephotography">Rephotography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rollout_photography" title="Rollout photography">Rollout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scanography" title="Scanography">Scanography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schlieren_photography" title="Schlieren photography">Schlieren photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabattier_effect" title="Sabattier effect">Sabattier effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_motion" title="Slow motion">Slow motion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stereoscopy" title="Stereoscopy">Stereoscopy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stopping_down" title="Stopping down">Stopping down</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strip_photography" title="Strip photography">Strip</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slit-scan_photography" title="Slit-scan photography">Slit-scan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_printing" title="Sun printing">Sun printing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilt%E2%80%93shift_photography" title="Tilt–shift photography">Tilt–shift</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miniature_faking" title="Miniature faking">Miniature faking</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time-lapse_photography" title="Time-lapse photography">Time-lapse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet_photography" title="Ultraviolet photography">Ultraviolet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vignetting" title="Vignetting">Vignetting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xerox_art" title="Xerox art">Xerography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoom_burst" title="Zoom burst">Zoom burst</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Composition_(visual_arts)" title="Composition (visual arts)">Composition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diagonal_method" title="Diagonal method">Diagonal method</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Framing_(visual_arts)" title="Framing (visual arts)">Framing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headroom_(photographic_framing)" title="Headroom (photographic framing)">Headroom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lead_room" title="Lead room">Lead room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rule_of_thirds" title="Rule of thirds">Rule of thirds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simplicity_(photography)" title="Simplicity (photography)">Simplicity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_triangle_(composition)" title="Golden triangle (composition)">Golden triangle (composition)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_photography" title="History of photography">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_photography_technology" title="Timeline of photography technology">Timeline of photography technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrotype" title="Ambrotype">Ambrotype</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_photography" class="mw-redirect" title="Film photography">Film photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autochrome_Lumi%C3%A8re" title="Autochrome Lumière">Autochrome Lumière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Box_camera" title="Box camera">Box camera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calotype" title="Calotype">Calotype</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camera_obscura" title="Camera obscura">Camera obscura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daguerreotype" title="Daguerreotype">Daguerreotype</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dufaycolor" title="Dufaycolor">Dufaycolor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heliography" title="Heliography">Heliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lippmann_plate" title="Lippmann plate">Lippmann plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Painted_photography_backdrops" title="Painted photography backdrops">Painted photography backdrops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_and_the_law" title="Photography and the law">Photography and the law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photographic_plate" title="Photographic plate">Glass plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tintype" title="Tintype">Tintype</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_arts" title="Visual arts">Visual arts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Albania" title="Photography in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Bangladesh" title="Photography in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Canada" title="Photography in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_China" title="Photography in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Denmark" title="Photography in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Greece" title="Photography in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_India" title="Photography in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Japan" title="Photography in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Korea" title="Photography in Korea">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Luxembourg" title="Photography in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Norway" title="Photography in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_the_Philippines" title="Photography in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Serbia" title="Photography in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Slovenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Photography in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Sudan" title="Photography in Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Taiwan" title="Photography in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Turkey" title="Photography in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Ukraine" title="Photography in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_the_United_States" title="Photography in the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Uzbekistan" title="Photography in Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Vietnam" title="Photography in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Digital_photography" title="Digital photography">Digital photography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_camera" title="Digital camera">Digital camera</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_single-lens_reflex_camera" title="Digital single-lens reflex camera">D-SLR</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_digital_SLRs" title="Comparison of digital SLRs">comparison</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirrorless_camera" title="Mirrorless camera">MILC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_camera_back" title="Digital camera back">camera back</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digiscoping" title="Digiscoping">Digiscoping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_digital_and_film_photography" title="Comparison of digital and film photography">Comparison of digital and film photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_scanner" title="Film scanner">Film scanner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Image_sensor" title="Image sensor">Image sensor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Active-pixel_sensor" title="Active-pixel sensor">CMOS APS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charge-coupled_device" title="Charge-coupled device">CCD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-CCD_camera" title="Three-CCD camera">Three-CCD camera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foveon_X3_sensor" title="Foveon X3 sensor">Foveon X3 sensor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Image_sharing" title="Image sharing">Image sharing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel" title="Pixel">Pixel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Color_photography" title="Color photography">Color photography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Color_print_film" title="Color print film">Print film</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chromogenic_print" title="Chromogenic print">Chromogenic print</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reversal_film" title="Reversal film">Reversal film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_management" title="Color management">Color management</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Color_space" title="Color space">color space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primary_color" title="Primary color">primary color</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CMYK_color_model" title="CMYK color model">CMYK color model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RGB_color_model" title="RGB color model">RGB color model</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Photographic_processing" title="Photographic processing">Photographic<br />processing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bleach_bypass" title="Bleach bypass">Bleach bypass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C-41_process" title="C-41 process">C-41 process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collodion_process" title="Collodion process">Collodion process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_processing" title="Cross processing">Cross processing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyanotype" title="Cyanotype">Cyanotype</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photographic_developer" title="Photographic developer">Developer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_image_processing" title="Digital image processing">Digital image processing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dye_coupler" title="Dye coupler">Dye coupler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-6_process" title="E-6 process">E-6 process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photographic_fixer" title="Photographic fixer">Fixer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gelatin_silver_process" class="mw-redirect" title="Gelatin silver process">Gelatin silver process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gum_printing" title="Gum printing">Gum printing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instant_film" title="Instant film">Instant film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-14_process" title="K-14 process">K-14 process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Print_permanence" title="Print permanence">Print permanence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Push_processing" title="Push processing">Push processing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stop_bath" title="Stop bath">Stop bath</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_photographs" title="List of largest photographs">Largest photographs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most_expensive_photographs" title="List of most expensive photographs">Most expensive photographs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_devoted_to_one_photographer" title="List of museums devoted to one photographer">Museums devoted to one photographer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_photographs_considered_the_most_important" title="List of photographs considered the most important">Photographs considered the most important</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_photographers" title="List of photographers">Photographers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Norwegian_photographers" title="List of Norwegian photographers">Norwegian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish_photographers" title="List of Polish photographers">Polish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_street_photographers" title="List of street photographers">street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_women_photographers" title="List of women photographers">women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_photography_periodicals" title="List of photography periodicals">Photography periodicals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_photographs" title="Conservation and restoration of photographs">Conservation and restoration of photographs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_film" title="Conservation and restoration of film">film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_photographic_plates" title="Conservation and restoration of photographic plates">photographic plates</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toy_camera#Lomography" title="Toy camera">Lomography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polaroid_art" title="Polaroid art">Polaroid art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stereoscopy" title="Stereoscopy">Stereoscopy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Photography" title="Category:Photography">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/10px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/15px-Global_thinking.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/21px-Global_thinking.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_photography" title="Outline of photography">Outline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1256415#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata827" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1256415#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata827" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1256415#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1027357/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4232013-6">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Motion pictures--Production and direction"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85088104">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007548429005171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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