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A signi®cant increase in the utilization of pesticides by banana farmers in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_48478475" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Pest control technology, developed for temperate countries was introduced into the Caribbean without any consideration for the fragility of the islands ecosystem. A signi®cant increase in the utilization of pesticides by banana farmers in St. Lucia occurred during recent years. The mobility of two commonly used pesticides,`ametryn' [N 2-ethyl-N 4-isopropyl-6-methylthio-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine] and`pirimiphos-ethyl' [O-2-diethylamino-6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl O,O-diethyl phosphothiorate] on two different soils on banana cultivated hillsides in St. Lucia was studied. Ametryn and pirimiphos-ethyl were applied to both sites, and soil samples were collected at different time intervals and were analyzed using gas chromatography. At both sites and on both soil types, quite early in the season, both pesticides leached down to 0.4 m depth. However, there appeared to be equal or greater leaching and downslope transport of pesticides on hillside 2. Pesticide concentration showed a reducing trend with respect to time and depth in both soil types at both sites. However, because of runoff interference, the half-life of pirimiphos-ethyl could not be properly de®ned, but half-life for ametryn was estimated to be 3 to 8 days. The short half-life for ametryn indicates the fast degradation of this pesticide under tropical conditions which could reduce the risk of environmental pollution. The environmental mobility of both pesticides suggests that leaching of ametryn and pirimiphos-ethyl may, in some circumstances create surface and groundwater pollution problems.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48478475" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6eb8cb4ce115899214a26233845c1a90" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67068568,"asset_id":48478475,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67068568/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26027320" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GeorgesDodds">Georges Dodds</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26027320" type="text/json">{"id":26027320,"first_name":"Georges","last_name":"Dodds","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GeorgesDodds","display_name":"Georges Dodds","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GeorgesDodds?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48478475 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48478475"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48478475, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48478475", }); 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A signi®cant increase in the utilization of pesticides by banana farmers in St. Lucia occurred during recent years. The mobility of two commonly used pesticides,`ametryn' [N 2-ethyl-N 4-isopropyl-6-methylthio-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine] and`pirimiphos-ethyl' [O-2-diethylamino-6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl O,O-diethyl phosphothiorate] on two different soils on banana cultivated hillsides in St. Lucia was studied. Ametryn and pirimiphos-ethyl were applied to both sites, and soil samples were collected at different time intervals and were analyzed using gas chromatography. At both sites and on both soil types, quite early in the season, both pesticides leached down to 0.4 m depth. However, there appeared to be equal or greater leaching and downslope transport of pesticides on hillside 2. Pesticide concentration showed a reducing trend with respect to time and depth in both soil types at both sites. However, because of runoff interference, the half-life of pirimiphos-ethyl could not be properly de®ned, but half-life for ametryn was estimated to be 3 to 8 days. The short half-life for ametryn indicates the fast degradation of this pesticide under tropical conditions which could reduce the risk of environmental pollution. The environmental mobility of both pesticides suggests that leaching of ametryn and pirimiphos-ethyl may, in some circumstances create surface and groundwater pollution problems.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67068568,"asset_id":48478475,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26027320,"first_name":"Georges","last_name":"Dodds","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GeorgesDodds","display_name":"Georges Dodds","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GeorgesDodds?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":14445,"name":"Groundwater Pollution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Groundwater_Pollution?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":25445,"name":"Environmental Pollution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Pollution?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":37278,"name":"Technology development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology_development?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=57433"},{"id":166448,"name":"Gas Chromatography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gas_Chromatography?f_ri=57433"},{"id":196649,"name":"Pest control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pest_control?f_ri=57433"},{"id":617780,"name":"Soil Type","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil_Type?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_20519016" data-work_id="20519016" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20519016/The_Moenave_Formation_Sedimentologic_and_stratigraphic_context_of_the_Triassic_Jurassic_boundary_in_the_Four_Corners_area_southwestern_U_S_A">The Moenave Formation: Sedimentologic and stratigraphic context of the Triassic–Jurassic boundary in the Four Corners area, southwestern U.S.A</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Moenave Formation was deposited during latest Triassic to earliest Jurassic time in a mosaic of fluvial, lacustrine, and eolian subenvironments. Ephemeral streams that flowed north-northwest (relative to modern geographic position)... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_20519016" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Moenave Formation was deposited during latest Triassic to earliest Jurassic time in a mosaic of fluvial, lacustrine, and eolian subenvironments. Ephemeral streams that flowed north-northwest (relative to modern geographic position) deposited singleand multi-storeyed trough cross-bedded sands on an open floodplain. Sheet flow deposited mainly silt across broad interchannel flats. Perennial lakes, in which mud, silt and carbonate were deposited, formed on the terminal floodplain; these deposits experienced episodic desiccation. Winds that blew dominantly east to south-southeast formed migrating dunes and sand sheets that were covered by low-amplitude ripples.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/20519016" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="28adab13aa47aaf9731dbc1414c3a0ab" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41415871,"asset_id":20519016,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41415871/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24997920" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LucasSpencer">Spencer Lucas</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24997920" type="text/json">{"id":24997920,"first_name":"Spencer","last_name":"Lucas","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LucasSpencer","display_name":"Spencer Lucas","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LucasSpencer?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24997920/18736609/18697823/s65_spencer.lucas.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_20519016 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="20519016"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 20519016, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_20519016", }); 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Ephemeral streams that flowed north-northwest (relative to modern geographic position) deposited singleand multi-storeyed trough cross-bedded sands on an open floodplain. Sheet flow deposited mainly silt across broad interchannel flats. Perennial lakes, in which mud, silt and carbonate were deposited, formed on the terminal floodplain; these deposits experienced episodic desiccation. Winds that blew dominantly east to south-southeast formed migrating dunes and sand sheets that were covered by low-amplitude ripples.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41415871,"asset_id":20519016,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24997920,"first_name":"Spencer","last_name":"Lucas","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LucasSpencer","display_name":"Spencer Lucas","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LucasSpencer?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24997920/18736609/18697823/s65_spencer.lucas.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":406,"name":"Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":83558,"name":"Erg","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Erg?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1875626,"name":"Eolian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eolian?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5072270" data-work_id="5072270" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5072270/Fire_regimes_and_forest_structure_in_a_sky_island_mixed_conifer_forest_Guadalupe_Mountains_National_Park_Texas_USA">Fire regimes and forest structure in a sky island mixed conifer forest, Guadalupe Mountains National Park, Texas, USA</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">All other uses, reproduction and distribution, including without limitation commercial reprints, selling or licensing copies or access, or posting on open internet sites, your personal or institution's website or repository, are... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5072270" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">All other uses, reproduction and distribution, including without limitation commercial reprints, selling or licensing copies or access, or posting on open internet sites, your personal or institution's website or repository, are prohibited. 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It is generally... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_16880393" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The coastal upwelling ecosystem of the Humboldt Current System off Peru and Chile exhibits strong interannual variability due to changes in the oceanographic conditions related to the El Nin˜o (EN) Southern Oscillation. It is generally believed that major changes occur in the community structure and biological production of this system as a consequence of El Nin˜o-La Nin˜a periods. This paper presents a summary of the information available on the physical, chemical, and biological responses of the Chilean upwelling zone resulting from the strong 1997-1998 EN event.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/16880393" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ec01d0fbec40e5e421997c97c8e75cc7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39235063,"asset_id":16880393,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39235063/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="35401394" href="https://udec-cl.academia.edu/CarmenEMorales">Carmen E. Morales</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="35401394" type="text/json">{"id":35401394,"first_name":"Carmen E.","last_name":"Morales","domain_name":"udec-cl","page_name":"CarmenEMorales","display_name":"Carmen E. 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It is generally believed that major changes occur in the community structure and biological production of this system as a consequence of El Nin˜o-La Nin˜a periods. This paper presents a summary of the information available on the physical, chemical, and biological responses of the Chilean upwelling zone resulting from the strong 1997-1998 EN event.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39235063,"asset_id":16880393,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":35401394,"first_name":"Carmen E.","last_name":"Morales","domain_name":"udec-cl","page_name":"CarmenEMorales","display_name":"Carmen E. Morales","profile_url":"https://udec-cl.academia.edu/CarmenEMorales?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":24912554,"first_name":"Carina","last_name":"Lange","domain_name":"udec-cl","page_name":"CarinaLange","display_name":"Carina Lange","profile_url":"https://udec-cl.academia.edu/CarinaLange?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":33411065,"first_name":"Oscar","last_name":"Pizarro","domain_name":"udec-cl","page_name":"OscarPizarro","display_name":"Oscar Pizarro","profile_url":"https://udec-cl.academia.edu/OscarPizarro?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33411065/12143896/13526178/s65_oscar.pizarro.jpg"},{"id":37398008,"first_name":"R.","last_name":"Escribano","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"REscribano1","display_name":"R. Escribano","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/REscribano1?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":407,"name":"Geochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geochemistry?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":415,"name":"Oceanography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oceanography?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":11975,"name":"Peru","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peru?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":34117,"name":"Chemical and Biological Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_and_Biological_Engineering?f_ri=57433"},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433"},{"id":154235,"name":"Community Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Community_Structure?f_ri=57433"},{"id":289852,"name":"Primary Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primary_Production?f_ri=57433"},{"id":369585,"name":"Coastal upwelling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coastal_upwelling?f_ri=57433"},{"id":371222,"name":"Northern Chile","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northern_Chile?f_ri=57433"},{"id":431159,"name":"Ecological Impact","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecological_Impact?f_ri=57433"},{"id":796144,"name":"Deep Sea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deep_Sea?f_ri=57433"},{"id":892124,"name":"Southern Oscillation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Southern_Oscillation?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1365999,"name":"Interannual Variability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interannual_Variability?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1431418,"name":"Chlorophyll a","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chlorophyll_a?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30981235" data-work_id="30981235" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30981235/Living_benthic_foraminifera_of_the_Okhotsk_Sea_Faunal_composition_standing_stocks_and_microhabitats">Living benthic foraminifera of the Okhotsk Sea: Faunal composition, standing stocks and microhabitats</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Live (Rose Bengal stained) benthic foraminifera were investigated in surface sediment samples from the Okhotsk Sea to reveal the relationship between faunal characteristics and environmental parameters. Live benthic foraminifera were... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30981235" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Live (Rose Bengal stained) benthic foraminifera were investigated in surface sediment samples from the Okhotsk Sea to reveal the relationship between faunal characteristics and environmental parameters. Live benthic foraminifera were quantified in the size fraction N 125 µm in the upper 8 cm of replicate sediment cores, recovered with a multicorer at five stations along the Sakhalin margin, and at three stations on the southwestern Kamchatka slope. The stations are from water depths between 625 to 1752 m, located close or within the present Okhotsk Sea oxygen minimum zone, with oxygen levels between 0.3 and 1.5 ml l -1 . At the high-productivity and ice-free Kamchatka stations, live benthic foraminifera are characterized by maximal standing stocks (about 1700-3700 individuals per 50 cm 2 ), strong dominance of calcareous species (up to 87-91% of total live faunas), and maximal habitat depths (down to 5.2-6.7 cm depth). Vertical distributions of total faunal abundances exhibit a clear subsurface maximum in sediments. At the Sakhalin stations, which are seasonally ice-covered and less productive, live benthic foraminifera show lower standing stocks (about 200-1100 individuals per 50 cm 2 ), lower abundance of calcareous species (10-64% of total live faunas), and shallower habitat depths (down to 2.5-5.4 cm depth). Faunal vertical distributions are characterized by maximum in the uppermost surface sediments. It is suggested that 1) lower and strongly seasonal organic matter flux, caused by the seasonal sea ice cover and seasonal upwelling, 2) lower bottom water oxygenation (0.3-1.1 ml l -1 ), and 3) more pronounced influence of carbonate undersaturated bottom water along the Sakhalin margin are the main factors responsible for the observed faunal differences. According to species downcore distributions and average living depths, common calcareous species were identified as preferentially shallow, intermediate and deep infaunal. Foraminiferal microhabitat occupation correlates with the organic matter flux and the depth of the oxygenated layer in sediments.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30981235" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="49c23d8d2e370568c96671ad96af7ddd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51413834,"asset_id":30981235,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51413834/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="59026537" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LesterLembkeJene">Lester Lembke-Jene</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="59026537" type="text/json">{"id":59026537,"first_name":"Lester","last_name":"Lembke-Jene","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LesterLembkeJene","display_name":"Lester Lembke-Jene","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LesterLembkeJene?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30981235 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30981235"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30981235, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30981235", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30981235]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30981235").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30981235").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30981235"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="155" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology">Evolutionary Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="155" type="text/json">{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="406" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geology">Geology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="406" type="text/json">{"id":406,"name":"Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9846" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9846" type="text/json">{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29759" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sea_Ice">Sea Ice</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="29759" type="text/json">{"id":29759,"name":"Sea Ice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sea_Ice?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30981235]'), work: {"id":30981235,"title":"Living benthic foraminifera of the Okhotsk Sea: Faunal composition, standing stocks and microhabitats","created_at":"2017-01-18T11:37:00.848-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30981235/Living_benthic_foraminifera_of_the_Okhotsk_Sea_Faunal_composition_standing_stocks_and_microhabitats?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_30981235","summary":"Live (Rose Bengal stained) benthic foraminifera were investigated in surface sediment samples from the Okhotsk Sea to reveal the relationship between faunal characteristics and environmental parameters. Live benthic foraminifera were quantified in the size fraction N 125 µm in the upper 8 cm of replicate sediment cores, recovered with a multicorer at five stations along the Sakhalin margin, and at three stations on the southwestern Kamchatka slope. The stations are from water depths between 625 to 1752 m, located close or within the present Okhotsk Sea oxygen minimum zone, with oxygen levels between 0.3 and 1.5 ml l -1 . At the high-productivity and ice-free Kamchatka stations, live benthic foraminifera are characterized by maximal standing stocks (about 1700-3700 individuals per 50 cm 2 ), strong dominance of calcareous species (up to 87-91% of total live faunas), and maximal habitat depths (down to 5.2-6.7 cm depth). Vertical distributions of total faunal abundances exhibit a clear subsurface maximum in sediments. At the Sakhalin stations, which are seasonally ice-covered and less productive, live benthic foraminifera show lower standing stocks (about 200-1100 individuals per 50 cm 2 ), lower abundance of calcareous species (10-64% of total live faunas), and shallower habitat depths (down to 2.5-5.4 cm depth). Faunal vertical distributions are characterized by maximum in the uppermost surface sediments. It is suggested that 1) lower and strongly seasonal organic matter flux, caused by the seasonal sea ice cover and seasonal upwelling, 2) lower bottom water oxygenation (0.3-1.1 ml l -1 ), and 3) more pronounced influence of carbonate undersaturated bottom water along the Sakhalin margin are the main factors responsible for the observed faunal differences. According to species downcore distributions and average living depths, common calcareous species were identified as preferentially shallow, intermediate and deep infaunal. Foraminiferal microhabitat occupation correlates with the organic matter flux and the depth of the oxygenated layer in sediments.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51413834,"asset_id":30981235,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":59026537,"first_name":"Lester","last_name":"Lembke-Jene","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LesterLembkeJene","display_name":"Lester Lembke-Jene","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LesterLembkeJene?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":155,"name":"Evolutionary Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Biology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":406,"name":"Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":29759,"name":"Sea Ice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sea_Ice?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":31237,"name":"Benthic foraminifera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Benthic_foraminifera?f_ri=57433"},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433"},{"id":77900,"name":"Marine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine?f_ri=57433"},{"id":573084,"name":"Marine Micropaleontology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Micropaleontology?f_ri=57433"},{"id":635488,"name":"Vertical Distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vertical_Distribution?f_ri=57433"},{"id":970387,"name":"Organic Matter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Organic_Matter?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1242196,"name":"Water Depth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Depth?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1292705,"name":"Environmental Parameter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Parameter?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1446850,"name":"Oxygen minimum zone","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxygen_minimum_zone?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_980081" data-work_id="980081" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/980081/Samoas_pre_contact_connections_in_West_Polynesia_and_beyond">Samoa's pre-contact connections in West Polynesia and beyond</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/980081" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0053a621b11d1ba2bdabd66b89ab428a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":5995959,"asset_id":980081,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/5995959/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="18814" href="https://uoregon.academia.edu/TerryHunt">Terry Hunt</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="18814" type="text/json">{"id":18814,"first_name":"Terry","last_name":"Hunt","domain_name":"uoregon","page_name":"TerryHunt","display_name":"Terry Hunt","profile_url":"https://uoregon.academia.edu/TerryHunt?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_980081 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="980081"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 980081, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_980081", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_980081 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 980081; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_980081"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_980081 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="980081"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 980081; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=980081]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_980081").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_980081").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="980081"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality">Seasonality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="57433" type="text/json">{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="282554" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Total_Length">Total Length</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="282554" type="text/json">{"id":282554,"name":"Total Length","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Total_Length?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=980081]'), work: {"id":980081,"title":"Samoa's pre-contact connections in West Polynesia and beyond","created_at":"2011-10-05T02:30:03.473-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/980081/Samoas_pre_contact_connections_in_West_Polynesia_and_beyond?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_980081","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":5995959,"asset_id":980081,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":18814,"first_name":"Terry","last_name":"Hunt","domain_name":"uoregon","page_name":"TerryHunt","display_name":"Terry Hunt","profile_url":"https://uoregon.academia.edu/TerryHunt?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":282554,"name":"Total Length","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Total_Length?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30570890" data-work_id="30570890" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30570890/Reactions_of_Black_Bears_to_Human_Menstrual_Odors">Reactions of Black Bears to Human Menstrual Odors</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Due to widespread concern that menstruating women might be attacked by black bears (Ursus americanus), we recorded responses of 26 free-ranging black bears to tampons from 26 women and recorded responses of 20 free-ranging bears to 4... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30570890" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Due to widespread concern that menstruating women might be attacked by black bears (Ursus americanus), we recorded responses of 26 free-ranging black bears to tampons from 26 women and recorded responses of 20 free-ranging bears to 4 menstruating women in northeastern Minnesota. Menstrual odors were essentially ignored by black bears of all ages and either sex, regardless of season or the bear's reproductive status. In an extensive review of black bear attacks across North America, we found no instance of black bears attacking or being attracted to menstruating women.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30570890" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="71e0bb0b175494d2cf7f35e3e33dbc48" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51012756,"asset_id":30570890,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51012756/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="58221928" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LynnRogers2">Lynn Rogers</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="58221928" type="text/json">{"id":58221928,"first_name":"Lynn","last_name":"Rogers","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LynnRogers2","display_name":"Lynn Rogers","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LynnRogers2?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30570890 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30570890"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30570890, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30570890", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_30570890 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30570890; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_30570890"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_30570890 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30570890"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30570890; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30570890]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30570890").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30570890").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30570890"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality">Seasonality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="57433" type="text/json">{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="58054" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences">Environmental Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="58054" type="text/json">{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="253469" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/North_America">North America</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="253469" type="text/json">{"id":253469,"name":"North America","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/North_America?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30570890]'), work: {"id":30570890,"title":"Reactions of Black Bears to Human Menstrual Odors","created_at":"2016-12-22T00:32:02.520-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30570890/Reactions_of_Black_Bears_to_Human_Menstrual_Odors?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_30570890","summary":"Due to widespread concern that menstruating women might be attacked by black bears (Ursus americanus), we recorded responses of 26 free-ranging black bears to tampons from 26 women and recorded responses of 20 free-ranging bears to 4 menstruating women in northeastern Minnesota. Menstrual odors were essentially ignored by black bears of all ages and either sex, regardless of season or the bear's reproductive status. In an extensive review of black bear attacks across North America, we found no instance of black bears attacking or being attracted to menstruating women.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51012756,"asset_id":30570890,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":58221928,"first_name":"Lynn","last_name":"Rogers","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LynnRogers2","display_name":"Lynn Rogers","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LynnRogers2?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":253469,"name":"North America","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/North_America?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":1255192,"name":"Ursus Americanus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ursus_Americanus?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_18921459 coauthored" data-work_id="18921459" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18921459/Sensitivity_study_of_the_energy_balance_to_urban_characteristics">Sensitivity study of the energy balance to urban characteristics</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A detailed urban heat exchange simulation software, the Town Energy Balance (TEB), has been used to analyse the impact of urban parameters on energy balance during a summer and a winter day under Paris, France, climatic conditions.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_18921459" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A detailed urban heat exchange simulation software, the Town Energy Balance (TEB), has been used to analyse the impact of urban parameters on energy balance during a summer and a winter day under Paris, France, climatic conditions. Computer runs were conducted to explore the influence of each of the urban parameters selected. The results showed that impacts of these parameters</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/18921459" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8a6600bb8771cdbd0243ad48dfcc2170" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42127120,"asset_id":18921459,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42127120/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="39050104" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MorganeColombert">Morgane Colombert</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="39050104" type="text/json">{"id":39050104,"first_name":"Morgane","last_name":"Colombert","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MorganeColombert","display_name":"Morgane Colombert","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MorganeColombert?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-18921459">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-18921459"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/DenisMorand">Denis Morand</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-18921459'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-18921459').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_18921459 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="18921459"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 18921459, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_18921459", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_18921459 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18921459; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_18921459"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_18921459 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18921459"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18921459; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18921459]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_18921459").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_18921459").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="18921459"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19517" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Exchanger">Heat Exchanger</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19517" type="text/json">{"id":19517,"name":"Heat Exchanger","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Exchanger?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality">Seasonality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="57433" type="text/json">{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60658" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Numerical_Simulation">Numerical Simulation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60658" type="text/json">{"id":60658,"name":"Numerical Simulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Numerical_Simulation?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="123866" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_heat_island">Urban heat island</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="123866" type="text/json">{"id":123866,"name":"Urban heat island","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_heat_island?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=18921459]'), work: {"id":18921459,"title":"Sensitivity study of the energy balance to urban characteristics","created_at":"2015-11-24T06:06:51.035-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/18921459/Sensitivity_study_of_the_energy_balance_to_urban_characteristics?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_18921459","summary":"A detailed urban heat exchange simulation software, the Town Energy Balance (TEB), has been used to analyse the impact of urban parameters on energy balance during a summer and a winter day under Paris, France, climatic conditions. Computer runs were conducted to explore the influence of each of the urban parameters selected. The results showed that impacts of these parameters","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42127120,"asset_id":18921459,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":39050104,"first_name":"Morgane","last_name":"Colombert","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MorganeColombert","display_name":"Morgane Colombert","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MorganeColombert?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":39447528,"first_name":"Denis","last_name":"Morand","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DenisMorand","display_name":"Denis Morand","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DenisMorand?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":19517,"name":"Heat Exchanger","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Exchanger?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":60658,"name":"Numerical Simulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Numerical_Simulation?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":123866,"name":"Urban heat island","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_heat_island?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":133295,"name":"Energy Balance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Balance?f_ri=57433"},{"id":404009,"name":"Thermal Insulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Insulation?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1272985,"name":"Simulation Software","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Simulation_Software?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1990747,"name":"Parameter Selection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parameter_Selection?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_67660586" data-work_id="67660586" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/67660586/Modelling_the_trading_behaviour_in_high_frequency_markets">Modelling the trading behaviour in high-frequency markets</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We use an agent-based approach to model trading behaviour in high-frequency markets. This study focuses on the Foreign Exchange (FX) market. The initial part of this study is to observe the micro-behaviour of traders to define the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_67660586" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We use an agent-based approach to model trading behaviour in high-frequency markets. This study focuses on the Foreign Exchange (FX) market. The initial part of this study is to observe the micro-behaviour of traders to define the stylized facts of their trading activities. This is performed using a high- frequency dataset of anonymised individual traders&amp;#39; historical transactions on an account</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/67660586" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34683921" href="https://king-saud.academia.edu/MoniraAloud">Monira Aloud</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34683921" type="text/json">{"id":34683921,"first_name":"Monira","last_name":"Aloud","domain_name":"king-saud","page_name":"MoniraAloud","display_name":"Monira Aloud","profile_url":"https://king-saud.academia.edu/MoniraAloud?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_67660586 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="67660586"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67660586, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_67660586", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_67660586 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67660586; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_67660586"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_67660586 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67660586"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67660586; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67660586]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_67660586").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_67660586").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="67660586"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business">Business</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26" type="text/json">{"id":26,"name":"Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2950" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Modeling">Computational Modeling</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2950" type="text/json">{"id":2950,"name":"Computational Modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Modeling?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6961" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Foreign_Exchange_Market">Foreign Exchange Market</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6961" type="text/json">{"id":6961,"name":"Foreign Exchange Market","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Foreign_Exchange_Market?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7406" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agent_Based">Agent Based</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7406" type="text/json">{"id":7406,"name":"Agent Based","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agent_Based?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=67660586]'), work: {"id":67660586,"title":"Modelling the trading behaviour in high-frequency markets","created_at":"2022-01-08T23:34:57.685-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/67660586/Modelling_the_trading_behaviour_in_high_frequency_markets?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_67660586","summary":"We use an agent-based approach to model trading behaviour in high-frequency markets. This study focuses on the Foreign Exchange (FX) market. The initial part of this study is to observe the micro-behaviour of traders to define the stylized facts of their trading activities. This is performed using a high- frequency dataset of anonymised individual traders\u0026amp;#39; historical transactions on an account","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34683921,"first_name":"Monira","last_name":"Aloud","domain_name":"king-saud","page_name":"MoniraAloud","display_name":"Monira Aloud","profile_url":"https://king-saud.academia.edu/MoniraAloud?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26,"name":"Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":2950,"name":"Computational Modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Modeling?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":6961,"name":"Foreign Exchange Market","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Foreign_Exchange_Market?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":7406,"name":"Agent Based","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agent_Based?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":30485,"name":"Time series analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_series_analysis?f_ri=57433"},{"id":48458,"name":"High Frequency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Frequency?f_ri=57433"},{"id":56761,"name":"Agent Based Modelling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agent_Based_Modelling?f_ri=57433"},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433"},{"id":85430,"name":"Multi Agent Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multi_Agent_Systems?f_ri=57433"},{"id":111071,"name":"Foreign Exchange","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Foreign_Exchange?f_ri=57433"},{"id":291387,"name":"Mathematical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Model?f_ri=57433"},{"id":741144,"name":"Agent Based Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agent_Based_Model?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1122591,"name":"Consumer Behaviour","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consumer_Behaviour?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1375732,"name":"High Frequency Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Frequency_Data?f_ri=57433"},{"id":2036700,"name":"Trading Strategy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trading_Strategy?f_ri=57433"},{"id":2530405,"name":"stylized facts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/stylized_facts?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2003645" data-work_id="2003645" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2003645/Prehistoric_colonization_of_southcentral_Alaska_Human_adaptations_in_a_post_glacial_world">Prehistoric colonization of southcentral Alaska: Human adaptations in a post glacial world</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">"This dissertation presents results from four recently discovered archeological sites in southcentral Alaska. The sites range from the Younger Dryas to middle Holocene in age and provide valuable contextual information for the human... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2003645" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">"This dissertation presents results from four recently discovered archeological sites in southcentral Alaska. The sites range from the Younger Dryas to middle Holocene in age and provide valuable contextual information for the human process of colonizing a region that was heavily glaciated during the LGM. The deglaciation and human colonization of southcentral Alaska is one of the most significant aspects of the settling phase in eastern Beringia not only for its potential to inform about the human response to post-glacial landscapes but also for what we can learn about subsequent migrations to the southern coast of Alaska. <br /> <br />Understanding how early foraging societies spread throughout eastern Beringia, after its initial colonization, requires new models for and approaches to the interpretation of technological variability, especially the enigmatic microblade industries that represent an essential subset of nearly all of the northern prehistoric toolkits. This work presents an ecological approach to the interpretation of assemblage variability in central and southcentral Alaska. Climate and seasonal changes had significant impacts on small-scale foraging societies and undoubtedly played a decisive role in the successes and failures of the earliest Alaskans. This was certainly the case during the transition from the Pleistocene to Holocene as major climatic oscillations were underway and foothold communities north of the Alaska Range began dispersing south into the recently deglaciated territories of southcentral Alaska."</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2003645" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="22705f6d0b4b05e95736f0c4aa8ffcc8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":29084646,"asset_id":2003645,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/29084646/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2613476" href="https://adelphi.academia.edu/BrianWygal">Brian Wygal</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2613476" type="text/json">{"id":2613476,"first_name":"Brian","last_name":"Wygal","domain_name":"adelphi","page_name":"BrianWygal","display_name":"Brian Wygal","profile_url":"https://adelphi.academia.edu/BrianWygal?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2613476/826563/1027276/s65_brian.wygal.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2003645 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2003645"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2003645, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2003645", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2003645]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_2003645").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_2003645").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2003645"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3255" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate_Change_Adaptation">Climate Change Adaptation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3255" type="text/json">{"id":3255,"name":"Climate Change Adaptation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate_Change_Adaptation?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8184" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunters_Fishers_and_Gatherers_Archaeology">Hunters, Fishers and Gatherers' Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8184" type="text/json">{"id":8184,"name":"Hunters, Fishers and Gatherers' Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunters_Fishers_and_Gatherers_Archaeology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19728" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lithic_Technology">Lithic Technology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="19728" type="text/json">{"id":19728,"name":"Lithic Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lithic_Technology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=2003645]'), work: {"id":2003645,"title":"Prehistoric colonization of southcentral Alaska: Human adaptations in a post glacial world","created_at":"2012-10-07T06:09:40.709-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2003645/Prehistoric_colonization_of_southcentral_Alaska_Human_adaptations_in_a_post_glacial_world?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_2003645","summary":"\"This dissertation presents results from four recently discovered archeological sites in southcentral Alaska. The sites range from the Younger Dryas to middle Holocene in age and provide valuable contextual information for the human process of colonizing a region that was heavily glaciated during the LGM. The deglaciation and human colonization of southcentral Alaska is one of the most significant aspects of the settling phase in eastern Beringia not only for its potential to inform about the human response to post-glacial landscapes but also for what we can learn about subsequent migrations to the southern coast of Alaska.\r\n\r\nUnderstanding how early foraging societies spread throughout eastern Beringia, after its initial colonization, requires new models for and approaches to the interpretation of technological variability, especially the enigmatic microblade industries that represent an essential subset of nearly all of the northern prehistoric toolkits. This work presents an ecological approach to the interpretation of assemblage variability in central and southcentral Alaska. Climate and seasonal changes had significant impacts on small-scale foraging societies and undoubtedly played a decisive role in the successes and failures of the earliest Alaskans. This was certainly the case during the transition from the Pleistocene to Holocene as major climatic oscillations were underway and foothold communities north of the Alaska Range began dispersing south into the recently deglaciated territories of southcentral Alaska.\"","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":29084646,"asset_id":2003645,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2613476,"first_name":"Brian","last_name":"Wygal","domain_name":"adelphi","page_name":"BrianWygal","display_name":"Brian Wygal","profile_url":"https://adelphi.academia.edu/BrianWygal?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2613476/826563/1027276/s65_brian.wygal.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":3255,"name":"Climate Change Adaptation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate_Change_Adaptation?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":8184,"name":"Hunters, Fishers and Gatherers' Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunters_Fishers_and_Gatherers_Archaeology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":19728,"name":"Lithic Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lithic_Technology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":20614,"name":"OSL dating","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/OSL_dating?f_ri=57433"},{"id":41578,"name":"Hunter-Gatherer Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunter-Gatherer_Archaeology?f_ri=57433"},{"id":47728,"name":"Alaska Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alaska_Archaeology?f_ri=57433"},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433"},{"id":96483,"name":"Boreal forest Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Boreal_forest_Archaeology?f_ri=57433"},{"id":240764,"name":"Arctic and Subarctic hunter-gatherers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arctic_and_Subarctic_hunter-gatherers?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_22375530" data-work_id="22375530" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22375530/Temporal_progression_in_migratory_status_and_sexual_maturation_in_European_silver_eels_during_downstream_migration">Temporal progression in migratory status and sexual maturation in European silver eels during downstream migration</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The onset of downstream migration of European eels is accompanied by a cessation of feeding and the start of sexual maturation which stresses the link between metabolism and sexual maturation, also suggesting an important role for... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_22375530" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The onset of downstream migration of European eels is accompanied by a cessation of feeding and the start of sexual maturation which stresses the link between metabolism and sexual maturation, also suggesting an important role for exercise. Exercise has been tested with eels in swim tunnels and was found to stimulate the onset of sexual maturation. In this study, we have investigated the interplay between migration and maturation in the field during the downstream migration of female silver eels. Temporal changes in migratory status and sexual maturation among silver eels of the upstream Rhine River system over 3 months of the migration season (August, September and October) were determined in biometrical parameters, plasma 17b-estradiol and calcium levels, oocyte histology and gonadal fat levels. Furthermore, the ecological relevant parameters age as determined by otolithometry and health aspects indicated by haematocrit, haemoglobin and swim-bladder parasite load were measured. Silver eels were estimated to be 14 years old. A strong temporal progression in migratory stage was shown over the months of downstream migration. Catches probably represented a mix of reproductive migrants and feeding migrants of which the ratio increased over time. Furthermore, this study confirmed our hypothesis linking the migratory stage to early maturation as indicated by enlargement of the eyes, oocyte growth and fat deposition in the oocytes, exactly the same changes as found induced by exercise but not ruling out environmental influences. Migrants show extensive fat uptake by the oocytes, probably stimulated by the swimming exercise. In addition, at least 83% of the silver eels in this spawning run may have suffered from negative effects of swim-bladder parasites on their swimming performance.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/22375530" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0e66c25fc40080b12d26e42d632f4f9d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43004261,"asset_id":22375530,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43004261/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="30213436" href="https://leidenuni.academia.edu/GuidovandenThillart">Guido van den Thillart</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="30213436" type="text/json">{"id":30213436,"first_name":"Guido","last_name":"van den Thillart","domain_name":"leidenuni","page_name":"GuidovandenThillart","display_name":"Guido van den Thillart","profile_url":"https://leidenuni.academia.edu/GuidovandenThillart?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_22375530 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="22375530"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22375530, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_22375530", }); 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Exercise has been tested with eels in swim tunnels and was found to stimulate the onset of sexual maturation. In this study, we have investigated the interplay between migration and maturation in the field during the downstream migration of female silver eels. Temporal changes in migratory status and sexual maturation among silver eels of the upstream Rhine River system over 3 months of the migration season (August, September and October) were determined in biometrical parameters, plasma 17b-estradiol and calcium levels, oocyte histology and gonadal fat levels. Furthermore, the ecological relevant parameters age as determined by otolithometry and health aspects indicated by haematocrit, haemoglobin and swim-bladder parasite load were measured. Silver eels were estimated to be 14 years old. A strong temporal progression in migratory stage was shown over the months of downstream migration. Catches probably represented a mix of reproductive migrants and feeding migrants of which the ratio increased over time. Furthermore, this study confirmed our hypothesis linking the migratory stage to early maturation as indicated by enlargement of the eyes, oocyte growth and fat deposition in the oocytes, exactly the same changes as found induced by exercise but not ruling out environmental influences. Migrants show extensive fat uptake by the oocytes, probably stimulated by the swimming exercise. In addition, at least 83% of the silver eels in this spawning run may have suffered from negative effects of swim-bladder parasites on their swimming performance.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43004261,"asset_id":22375530,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":30213436,"first_name":"Guido","last_name":"van den Thillart","domain_name":"leidenuni","page_name":"GuidovandenThillart","display_name":"Guido van den Thillart","profile_url":"https://leidenuni.academia.edu/GuidovandenThillart?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":12653,"name":"Rivers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rivers?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":28582,"name":"Swimming","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Swimming?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":31863,"name":"Fish Physiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fish_Physiology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":36213,"name":"Energy Metabolism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Metabolism?f_ri=57433"},{"id":41482,"name":"Multivariate Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multivariate_Analysis?f_ri=57433"},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433"},{"id":75826,"name":"Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Europe?f_ri=57433"},{"id":117886,"name":"Animal migration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_migration?f_ri=57433"},{"id":170652,"name":"Fisheries Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fisheries_Sciences?f_ri=57433"},{"id":185893,"name":"European eel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_eel?f_ri=57433"},{"id":405304,"name":"Anguilla 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Change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temporal_Change?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35632557 coauthored" data-work_id="35632557" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35632557/Insects_found_on_a_human_cadaver_in_central_Italy_including_the_blowfly_Calliphora_loewi_Diptera_Calliphoridae_a_new_species_of_forensic_interest">Insects found on a human cadaver in central Italy including the blowfly Calliphora loewi (Diptera, Calliphoridae), a new species of forensic interest</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share 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InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3268403" href="https://hud.academia.edu/StefanoVanin">Stefano Vanin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3268403" type="text/json">{"id":3268403,"first_name":"Stefano","last_name":"Vanin","domain_name":"hud","page_name":"StefanoVanin","display_name":"Stefano Vanin","profile_url":"https://hud.academia.edu/StefanoVanin?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3268403/1081985/19254505/s65_stefano.vanin.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-35632557">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-35632557"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/MirellaGherardi">Mirella Gherardi</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-35632557'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-35632557').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35632557 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35632557"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35632557, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35632557", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_35632557 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forensic_Anthropology">Forensic Anthropology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="769" type="text/json">{"id":769,"name":"Forensic Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forensic_Anthropology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1588" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forensic_Science">Forensic Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1588" type="text/json">{"id":1588,"name":"Forensic Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forensic_Science?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4308" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forensic_Entomology">Forensic Entomology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4308" type="text/json">{"id":4308,"name":"Forensic 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Vanin","profile_url":"https://hud.academia.edu/StefanoVanin?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3268403/1081985/19254505/s65_stefano.vanin.jpg"},{"id":46421597,"first_name":"Mirella","last_name":"Gherardi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MirellaGherardi","display_name":"Mirella Gherardi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MirellaGherardi?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":178,"name":"Entomology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entomology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":769,"name":"Forensic Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forensic_Anthropology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":1588,"name":"Forensic Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forensic_Science?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":4308,"name":"Forensic Entomology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forensic_Entomology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":21717,"name":"Forensic Pathology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forensic_Pathology?f_ri=57433"},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=57433"},{"id":45213,"name":"Italy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Italy?f_ri=57433"},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433"},{"id":63886,"name":"Case Report","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Case_Report?f_ri=57433"},{"id":133177,"name":"Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature?f_ri=57433"},{"id":135603,"name":"DNA analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_analysis?f_ri=57433"},{"id":184470,"name":"Rain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rain?f_ri=57433"},{"id":202574,"name":"Feeding Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feeding_Behavior?f_ri=57433"},{"id":243629,"name":"Lancet","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lancet?f_ri=57433"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=57433"},{"id":442493,"name":"Larva","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Larva?f_ri=57433"},{"id":461851,"name":"Diptera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diptera?f_ri=57433"},{"id":649451,"name":"Seasons","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasons?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_25866655" data-work_id="25866655" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25866655/Diversit%C3%A9_des_Macroinvert%C3%A9br%C3%A9s_Benthiques_de_la_Rivi%C3%A8re_Agn%C3%A9by_C%C3%B4te_dIvoire_Afrique_de_lOuest_">Diversité des Macroinvertébrés Benthiques de la Rivière Agnéby (Côte d'Ivoire; Afrique de l'Ouest)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Agnébi is the most important river of littoral of Côte d&#39;Ivoire. The first study of benthic macroinvertebrates of this river was studied in the middle stream (Pont Autoroute). This station was visited monthly during 10 months covering... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_25866655" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Agnébi is the most important river of littoral of Côte d&#39;Ivoire. The first study of benthic macroinvertebrates of this river was studied in the middle stream (Pont Autoroute). This station was visited monthly during 10 months covering the 4 local rainy seasons. Ten (10) samples of the Ekman grab (an area of 0.225 m2) have been analyzed. Benthic macro fauna inventory showed for the whole river, 50 taxa distributed or divided: Oligochetes (2 taxa), Molluscs (14 taxa) and Insects (34 taxa). Five taxa are abundant (superior or equal of 5 % of total number) at Pont Autoroute: Potadoma liberiensis (37,3 %), Gabbiella africana (8,4 %), Cleopatra bulimoïdes (7,7 %), Mutela dubia (5,9 %) Chironomus spp (5,3 %). Specimen such as Ephemeroptera and Diptera Chironomidae are influenced by temperature and dissolved oxygen. High positive correlation has been established between snails and nitrate.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/25866655" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dfa967e1f36ef4bf2c0d0fa9dda627f8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46232939,"asset_id":25866655,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46232939/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="49653453" href="https://independent.academia.edu/YvesBony">Yves Bony</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="49653453" type="text/json">{"id":49653453,"first_name":"Yves","last_name":"Bony","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"YvesBony","display_name":"Yves Bony","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/YvesBony?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_25866655 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="25866655"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 25866655, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_25866655", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=25866655]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_25866655").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_25866655").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="25866655"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28235" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary">Multidisciplinary</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28235" type="text/json">{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality">Seasonality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="57433" type="text/json">{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="146915" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chironomidae">Chironomidae</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="146915" type="text/json">{"id":146915,"name":"Chironomidae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chironomidae?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="575273" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dissolved_Oxygen">Dissolved Oxygen</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="575273" type="text/json">{"id":575273,"name":"Dissolved Oxygen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dissolved_Oxygen?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=25866655]'), work: {"id":25866655,"title":"Diversité des Macroinvertébrés Benthiques de la Rivière Agnéby (Côte d'Ivoire; Afrique de l'Ouest)","created_at":"2016-06-04T14:29:18.001-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/25866655/Diversit%C3%A9_des_Macroinvert%C3%A9br%C3%A9s_Benthiques_de_la_Rivi%C3%A8re_Agn%C3%A9by_C%C3%B4te_dIvoire_Afrique_de_lOuest_?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_25866655","summary":"Agnébi is the most important river of littoral of Côte d\u0026#39;Ivoire. The first study of benthic macroinvertebrates of this river was studied in the middle stream (Pont Autoroute). This station was visited monthly during 10 months covering the 4 local rainy seasons. Ten (10) samples of the Ekman grab (an area of 0.225 m2) have been analyzed. Benthic macro fauna inventory showed for the whole river, 50 taxa distributed or divided: Oligochetes (2 taxa), Molluscs (14 taxa) and Insects (34 taxa). Five taxa are abundant (superior or equal of 5 % of total number) at Pont Autoroute: Potadoma liberiensis (37,3 %), Gabbiella africana (8,4 %), Cleopatra bulimoïdes (7,7 %), Mutela dubia (5,9 %) Chironomus spp (5,3 %). Specimen such as Ephemeroptera and Diptera Chironomidae are influenced by temperature and dissolved oxygen. High positive correlation has been established between snails and nitrate.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46232939,"asset_id":25866655,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":49653453,"first_name":"Yves","last_name":"Bony","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"YvesBony","display_name":"Yves Bony","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/YvesBony?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":146915,"name":"Chironomidae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chironomidae?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":575273,"name":"Dissolved Oxygen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dissolved_Oxygen?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29283188" data-work_id="29283188" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29283188/Chernobyl_radioactivity_persists_in_reindeer">Chernobyl radioactivity persists in reindeer</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Transfer of 137 Cs in the soileplant/lichenereindeer food chain was studied in central (Østre Namdal) and southern Norway (Va˚ga˚) during 2000e2003. Reindeer from these areas have been continuously subjected to countermeasure application... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_29283188" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Transfer of 137 Cs in the soileplant/lichenereindeer food chain was studied in central (Østre Namdal) and southern Norway (Va˚ga˚) during 2000e2003. Reindeer from these areas have been continuously subjected to countermeasure application since the 1986 Chernobyl accident. In both areas no decline in 137 Cs concentrations was detectable in reindeer slaughtered in autumn since 1995, or in reindeer slaughtered in winter since 1998e1999. Seasonal differences in 137 Cs concentrations in reindeer have been less pronounced in recent years, with 137 Cs concentrations occasionally higher in autumn than in winter. Soil-to-plant 137 Cs transfer was significantly higher in Østre Namdal than in Va˚ga˚. Climatic influences on lichen growth and abundance, and on soil properties that influence the availability of 137 Cs for plant uptake, are hypothesized to have a larger impact on long-term transfer of radiocaesium in the soileplant/ lichenereindeer food chain than has been previously observed. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 83 (2005) 231e252 <a href="http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jenvrad" rel="nofollow">www.elsevier.com/locate/jenvrad</a> 232 L. Skuterud et al. / J. Environ. Radioactivity 83 (2005) 231e252 233 L. Skuterud et al. / J. Environ. Radioactivity 83 (2005) 231e252 234 L. Skuterud et al. / J. Environ. Radioactivity 83 (2005) 231e252 248 L. Skuterud et al. / J. Environ. Radioactivity 83 (2005) 231e252</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29283188" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="831f84189f6c14cc2b34cc28a0d31b45" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49728940,"asset_id":29283188,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49728940/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="35686960" href="https://ntnu-no.academia.edu/EilivSteinnes">Eiliv Steinnes</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="35686960" type="text/json">{"id":35686960,"first_name":"Eiliv","last_name":"Steinnes","domain_name":"ntnu-no","page_name":"EilivSteinnes","display_name":"Eiliv Steinnes","profile_url":"https://ntnu-no.academia.edu/EilivSteinnes?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_29283188 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="29283188"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 29283188, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_29283188", }); 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Reindeer from these areas have been continuously subjected to countermeasure application since the 1986 Chernobyl accident. In both areas no decline in 137 Cs concentrations was detectable in reindeer slaughtered in autumn since 1995, or in reindeer slaughtered in winter since 1998e1999. Seasonal differences in 137 Cs concentrations in reindeer have been less pronounced in recent years, with 137 Cs concentrations occasionally higher in autumn than in winter. Soil-to-plant 137 Cs transfer was significantly higher in Østre Namdal than in Va˚ga˚. Climatic influences on lichen growth and abundance, and on soil properties that influence the availability of 137 Cs for plant uptake, are hypothesized to have a larger impact on long-term transfer of radiocaesium in the soileplant/ lichenereindeer food chain than has been previously observed. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 83 (2005) 231e252 www.elsevier.com/locate/jenvrad 232 L. Skuterud et al. / J. Environ. Radioactivity 83 (2005) 231e252 233 L. Skuterud et al. / J. Environ. Radioactivity 83 (2005) 231e252 234 L. Skuterud et al. / J. Environ. Radioactivity 83 (2005) 231e252 248 L. Skuterud et al. / J. Environ. Radioactivity 83 (2005) 231e252","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49728940,"asset_id":29283188,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":35686960,"first_name":"Eiliv","last_name":"Steinnes","domain_name":"ntnu-no","page_name":"EilivSteinnes","display_name":"Eiliv Steinnes","profile_url":"https://ntnu-no.academia.edu/EilivSteinnes?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":261,"name":"Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":13701,"name":"Climate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":46989,"name":"Ukraine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ukraine?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":51645,"name":"Norway","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Norway?f_ri=57433"},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433"},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=57433"},{"id":81782,"name":"Environmental Radioactivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Radioactivity?f_ri=57433"},{"id":87485,"name":"Lichen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lichen?f_ri=57433"},{"id":106562,"name":"Plant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant?f_ri=57433"},{"id":158384,"name":"Reindeer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reindeer?f_ri=57433"},{"id":215914,"name":"Radioactivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radioactivity?f_ri=57433"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=57433"},{"id":276810,"name":"Shell Half-Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shell_Half-Life?f_ri=57433"},{"id":394473,"name":"Chernobyl Nuclear Accident","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chernobyl_Nuclear_Accident?f_ri=57433"},{"id":397178,"name":"Cesium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cesium?f_ri=57433"},{"id":413195,"name":"Time Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_Factors?f_ri=57433"},{"id":649451,"name":"Seasons","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasons?f_ri=57433"},{"id":722661,"name":"Soil Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil_Properties?f_ri=57433"},{"id":735638,"name":"Radioactive Pollution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radioactive_Pollution?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1013028,"name":"Food Chain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Chain?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1689342,"name":"Caesium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caesium?f_ri=57433"},{"id":2142568,"name":"Thallophyta","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thallophyta?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_19144503" data-work_id="19144503" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19144503/The_transfer_of_239_240Pu_to_cow_milk">The transfer of 239/240Pu to cow milk</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In summer 1993 we measured the transfer of (239/240)Pu to milk from herbage from a pasture located 5 km from the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. In one treatment cows were allowed to graze freely on the pasture. In a second treatment, cows... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_19144503" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In summer 1993 we measured the transfer of (239/240)Pu to milk from herbage from a pasture located 5 km from the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. In one treatment cows were allowed to graze freely on the pasture. In a second treatment, cows were fed herbage collected from the pasture in stalls. The milk transfer coefficient; F(m) did not vary significantly between treatments and the mean value of 7.5x10(-6)d l(-1) was higher than previously reported values. Despite many values of F(m) for Pu in the literature we identified few relevant original data sets. Transfer coefficient values for Pu are only appropriate when used in conjunction with a specified time period or an appropriate model which allows for the biological half-life. We recommend for screening purposes an F(m) value of 1x10(-5)d l(-1) for Pu, with an order of magnitude lower value being appropriate for cows which are only exposed for one grazing season.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/19144503" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="da75e3e358272927034efffee9a30675" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42107975,"asset_id":19144503,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42107975/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="39340275" href="https://nottingham.academia.edu/BrendaHoward">Brenda Howard</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="39340275" type="text/json">{"id":39340275,"first_name":"Brenda","last_name":"Howard","domain_name":"nottingham","page_name":"BrendaHoward","display_name":"Brenda Howard","profile_url":"https://nottingham.academia.edu/BrendaHoward?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_19144503 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="19144503"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 19144503, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_19144503", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=19144503]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_19144503").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_19144503").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="19144503"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="261" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography">Geography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="261" type="text/json">{"id":261,"name":"Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="46989" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ukraine">Ukraine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="46989" type="text/json">{"id":46989,"name":"Ukraine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ukraine?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality">Seasonality</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="57433" type="text/json">{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=19144503]'), work: {"id":19144503,"title":"The transfer of 239/240Pu to cow milk","created_at":"2015-11-28T09:45:06.344-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/19144503/The_transfer_of_239_240Pu_to_cow_milk?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_19144503","summary":"In summer 1993 we measured the transfer of (239/240)Pu to milk from herbage from a pasture located 5 km from the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. In one treatment cows were allowed to graze freely on the pasture. In a second treatment, cows were fed herbage collected from the pasture in stalls. The milk transfer coefficient; F(m) did not vary significantly between treatments and the mean value of 7.5x10(-6)d l(-1) was higher than previously reported values. Despite many values of F(m) for Pu in the literature we identified few relevant original data sets. Transfer coefficient values for Pu are only appropriate when used in conjunction with a specified time period or an appropriate model which allows for the biological half-life. We recommend for screening purposes an F(m) value of 1x10(-5)d l(-1) for Pu, with an order of magnitude lower value being appropriate for cows which are only exposed for one grazing season.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42107975,"asset_id":19144503,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":39340275,"first_name":"Brenda","last_name":"Howard","domain_name":"nottingham","page_name":"BrendaHoward","display_name":"Brenda Howard","profile_url":"https://nottingham.academia.edu/BrendaHoward?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":261,"name":"Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":46989,"name":"Ukraine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ukraine?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=57433"},{"id":81782,"name":"Environmental Radioactivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Radioactivity?f_ri=57433"},{"id":94111,"name":"Animal Feed","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Feed?f_ri=57433"},{"id":238368,"name":"Milk","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Milk?f_ri=57433"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=57433"},{"id":260829,"name":"Cattle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cattle?f_ri=57433"},{"id":394473,"name":"Chernobyl Nuclear Accident","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chernobyl_Nuclear_Accident?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1214122,"name":"Nuclear Power Plant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_Power_Plant?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1649037,"name":"PLUTONIUM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PLUTONIUM?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_22405968" data-work_id="22405968" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22405968/Observations_on_potential_glyphosate_tolerance_in_perennial_warm_season_grasses">Observations on potential glyphosate tolerance in perennial warm-season grasses</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We gratefully acknowledge the technical and field assistance of George Arguello, Eutimio Garcia, Martin Mead and Leslie Robbins; secretarial assistance of Doris Hight and Patricia Cooksey; and the folks with the NMSU... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_22405968" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We gratefully acknowledge the technical and field assistance of George Arguello, Eutimio Garcia, Martin Mead and Leslie Robbins; secretarial assistance of Doris Hight and Patricia Cooksey; and the folks with the NMSU Library Document Delivery Service. ABSTRACT</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/22405968" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9c7f0f132039a706f56fa02688f85b8d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43028581,"asset_id":22405968,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43028581/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="43774264" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LeonardLauriault">Leonard Lauriault</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="43774264" type="text/json">{"id":43774264,"first_name":"Leonard","last_name":"Lauriault","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LeonardLauriault","display_name":"Leonard Lauriault","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LeonardLauriault?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_22405968 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="22405968"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22405968, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_22405968", }); 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secretarial assistance of Doris Hight and Patricia Cooksey; and the folks with the NMSU Library Document Delivery Service. ABSTRACT","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43028581,"asset_id":22405968,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":43774264,"first_name":"Leonard","last_name":"Lauriault","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LeonardLauriault","display_name":"Leonard Lauriault","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LeonardLauriault?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":145210,"name":"Old World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_World?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29066376" data-work_id="29066376" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29066376/Measurement_of_Time_by_the_Ancient_Slavs">Measurement of Time by the Ancient Slavs</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The paper explores time measurements and perception of time by the ancient Slavs in the Pre-Migration Period and Slavic settlement of Central and Southern Europe. It attempts to reconstruct a year, seasonal, month-like division and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_29066376" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The paper explores time measurements and perception of time by the ancient Slavs in the Pre-Migration Period and Slavic settlement of Central and Southern Europe.  It attempts to reconstruct a year, seasonal, month-like division and naming, as well as lunar and solar time measurement.  Moreover, it explores and attempts to reconstruct what were the common Slavic month names that, is before 5th-7th centuries.  It also, discusses the issue of adoption of Julian calendar across the Slavdom in the period between the 9th-11th centuries.  The research is based on scarce limited written historical records as it explores the times before writing came to the Slavs.  Hence to a large degree it relies on abundant ethnographic sources, as well as on linguistics.  Therefore, in principle it employs a comparative methodology and often draws from Indo-European examples.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29066376" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ea1585d6d5694e3d3e5ed08b0a774a28" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49520809,"asset_id":29066376,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49520809/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42161850" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RomanZaroff">Roman Zaroff</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42161850" type="text/json">{"id":42161850,"first_name":"Roman","last_name":"Zaroff","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RomanZaroff","display_name":"Roman Zaroff","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RomanZaroff?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42161850/11425068/30560592/s65_roman.zaroff.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_29066376 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="29066376"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 29066376, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_29066376", }); 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It attempts to reconstruct a year, seasonal, month-like division and naming, as well as lunar and solar time measurement. Moreover, it explores and attempts to reconstruct what were the common Slavic month names that, is before 5th-7th centuries. It also, discusses the issue of adoption of Julian calendar across the Slavdom in the period between the 9th-11th centuries. The research is based on scarce limited written historical records as it explores the times before writing came to the Slavs. Hence to a large degree it relies on abundant ethnographic sources, as well as on linguistics. Therefore, in principle it employs a comparative methodology and often draws from Indo-European examples.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49520809,"asset_id":29066376,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42161850,"first_name":"Roman","last_name":"Zaroff","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RomanZaroff","display_name":"Roman Zaroff","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RomanZaroff?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42161850/11425068/30560592/s65_roman.zaroff.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":2853,"name":"Medieval Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":5419,"name":"Metaphysics of Time","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metaphysics_of_Time?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":21902,"name":"Time Perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_Perception?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":27637,"name":"Calendars","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Calendars?f_ri=57433"},{"id":46987,"name":"Slavic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavic?f_ri=57433"},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433"},{"id":58937,"name":"Slavic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavic_Studies?f_ri=57433"},{"id":314438,"name":"Passage of time","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Passage_of_time?f_ri=57433"},{"id":667708,"name":"Early Slavs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Slavs?f_ri=57433"},{"id":718808,"name":"Russian and Slavic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian_and_Slavic_Studies?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1031821,"name":"Time Cycles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_Cycles?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1459082,"name":"Time measurement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_measurement?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6443479" data-work_id="6443479" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6443479/THE_ORIGINS_OF_NAVAJO_SETTLEMENT_PATTERNS">THE ORIGINS OF NAVAJO SETTLEMENT PATTERNS</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Navajo population dispersal and socioterritorial units appear to derive from Northern Hunter practices. Navajo nuclear families occupy a hogan or house and its immediate surroundings. Larger socioterritorial units are: 1 ) homestead... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6443479" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Navajo population dispersal and socioterritorial units appear to derive from Northern Hunter practices. Navajo nuclear families occupy a hogan or house and its immediate surroundings. Larger socioterritorial units are: 1 ) homestead groups, typically consisting of matrilocal extended families which cooperatively utilize territories and whose hogans are loosely clustered into "camps"; 2) resident lineages, made up of related extended families occupying adjacent territories; and 3 ) communities, which are probably the contemporary equivalent of historic bands or semibands, and which include a number of homestead-group or resident-lineage territories. These groupings are similar to those of the Navajo's Canadian and Southwestern linguistic relatives but contrast with the Navajo's Puebloan neighbors' practices. Various transhumant seasonal migration patterns occur among the Navajo according to local differences in land-use capabilities, especially for farming versus for grazing. The short-term mobility and seasonal migrations of the Navajo's northern hunting-and-gathering ancestors seem to have preadapted the Navajo for the Pueblo/Hispano-derivitive extensive-farming and sheep-herding economy adopted by the Navajo in the Southwest, which requires the use of sparse, scattered resources.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6443479" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dd214724adbf692610625723975fbbf1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48866977,"asset_id":6443479,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48866977/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="537087" href="https://independent.academia.edu/StephenJett">Stephen Jett</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="537087" type="text/json">{"id":537087,"first_name":"Stephen","last_name":"Jett","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StephenJett","display_name":"Stephen Jett","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StephenJett?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/537087/192135/224027/s65_stephen.jett.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6443479 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6443479"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6443479, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6443479", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6443479 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6443479; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6443479"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6443479 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6443479"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6443479; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6443479]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6443479").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6443479").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6443479"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="262" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Geography">Human Geography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="262" type="text/json">{"id":262,"name":"Human Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Geography?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5974" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_Relativity">Linguistic Relativity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5974" type="text/json">{"id":5974,"name":"Linguistic Relativity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_Relativity?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality">Seasonality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="57433" type="text/json">{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="109291" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Use">Land Use</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="109291" type="text/json">{"id":109291,"name":"Land Use","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Use?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6443479]'), work: {"id":6443479,"title":"THE ORIGINS OF NAVAJO SETTLEMENT PATTERNS","created_at":"2014-03-17T03:44:05.368-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6443479/THE_ORIGINS_OF_NAVAJO_SETTLEMENT_PATTERNS?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_6443479","summary":"Navajo population dispersal and socioterritorial units appear to derive from Northern Hunter practices. Navajo nuclear families occupy a hogan or house and its immediate surroundings. Larger socioterritorial units are: 1 ) homestead groups, typically consisting of matrilocal extended families which cooperatively utilize territories and whose hogans are loosely clustered into \"camps\"; 2) resident lineages, made up of related extended families occupying adjacent territories; and 3 ) communities, which are probably the contemporary equivalent of historic bands or semibands, and which include a number of homestead-group or resident-lineage territories. These groupings are similar to those of the Navajo's Canadian and Southwestern linguistic relatives but contrast with the Navajo's Puebloan neighbors' practices. Various transhumant seasonal migration patterns occur among the Navajo according to local differences in land-use capabilities, especially for farming versus for grazing. The short-term mobility and seasonal migrations of the Navajo's northern hunting-and-gathering ancestors seem to have preadapted the Navajo for the Pueblo/Hispano-derivitive extensive-farming and sheep-herding economy adopted by the Navajo in the Southwest, which requires the use of sparse, scattered resources.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48866977,"asset_id":6443479,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":537087,"first_name":"Stephen","last_name":"Jett","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StephenJett","display_name":"Stephen Jett","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StephenJett?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/537087/192135/224027/s65_stephen.jett.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":262,"name":"Human Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Geography?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":5974,"name":"Linguistic Relativity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_Relativity?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":109291,"name":"Land Use","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Use?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48374313" data-work_id="48374313" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48374313/Breeding_population_size_of_a_fragmented_population_of_a_Costa_Rican_dry_forest_tree_species">Breeding population size of a fragmented population of a Costa Rican dry forest tree species</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Pollen immigration can offset the effects of genetic drift and inbreeding in small populations. To understand the genetic consequences of forest fragmentation, estimates of pollen flow into remnant fragments are essential. Such estimates... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_48374313" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Pollen immigration can offset the effects of genetic drift and inbreeding in small populations. To understand the genetic consequences of forest fragmentation, estimates of pollen flow into remnant fragments are essential. Such estimates are straightforward for plants with singly sired, multiseeded fruits, since the pollen donor genotype for each fruit can be unambiguously reconstructed through full-sib genealogical analyses. Allozyme analyses were used to estimate pollen donor numbers from the progeny of fruits of the tropical dry forest tree Enterolobium cyclocarpum in a small (9.8 ha) fragmented population (N = 11) over three reproductive seasons (1994, 1995, and 1996). These analyses indicate that each tree receives pollen from many pollen donors. When data are pooled for the site, estimated maximum pollen donor pool sizes in all years exceed the number of individuals (56) in the 227 ha study area. Although unidentified pollen donors may be located as close as 250 m to the study...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48374313" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ea77cec19a4cf5db52cee12296747d42" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67020389,"asset_id":48374313,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67020389/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="41682648" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NasonJohn">John Nason</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="41682648" type="text/json">{"id":41682648,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Nason","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NasonJohn","display_name":"John Nason","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NasonJohn?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48374313 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48374313"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48374313, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48374313", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_48374313 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48374313; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_48374313"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_48374313 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="48374313"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48374313; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48374313]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_48374313").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_48374313").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="48374313"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="156" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics">Genetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="156" type="text/json">{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4312" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_Drift">Genetic Drift</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4312" type="text/json">{"id":4312,"name":"Genetic Drift","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_Drift?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4559" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproduction">Reproduction</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4559" type="text/json">{"id":4559,"name":"Reproduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproduction?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17566" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Costa_Rica">Costa Rica</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17566" type="text/json">{"id":17566,"name":"Costa Rica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Costa_Rica?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48374313]'), work: {"id":48374313,"title":"Breeding population size of a fragmented population of a Costa Rican dry forest tree species","created_at":"2021-05-04T15:44:38.474-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48374313/Breeding_population_size_of_a_fragmented_population_of_a_Costa_Rican_dry_forest_tree_species?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_48374313","summary":"Pollen immigration can offset the effects of genetic drift and inbreeding in small populations. To understand the genetic consequences of forest fragmentation, estimates of pollen flow into remnant fragments are essential. Such estimates are straightforward for plants with singly sired, multiseeded fruits, since the pollen donor genotype for each fruit can be unambiguously reconstructed through full-sib genealogical analyses. Allozyme analyses were used to estimate pollen donor numbers from the progeny of fruits of the tropical dry forest tree Enterolobium cyclocarpum in a small (9.8 ha) fragmented population (N = 11) over three reproductive seasons (1994, 1995, and 1996). These analyses indicate that each tree receives pollen from many pollen donors. When data are pooled for the site, estimated maximum pollen donor pool sizes in all years exceed the number of individuals (56) in the 227 ha study area. Although unidentified pollen donors may be located as close as 250 m to the study...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67020389,"asset_id":48374313,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":41682648,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Nason","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NasonJohn","display_name":"John Nason","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NasonJohn?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":4312,"name":"Genetic Drift","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_Drift?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":4559,"name":"Reproduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproduction?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":17566,"name":"Costa Rica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Costa_Rica?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":42324,"name":"Heredity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heredity?f_ri=57433"},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433"},{"id":83086,"name":"Pollen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pollen?f_ri=57433"},{"id":151959,"name":"Population Size","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Size?f_ri=57433"},{"id":176238,"name":"Trees","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trees?f_ri=57433"},{"id":280597,"name":"Tropical Dry Forest","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tropical_Dry_Forest?f_ri=57433"},{"id":372410,"name":"Genotype","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genotype?f_ri=57433"},{"id":386438,"name":"Seeds","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seeds?f_ri=57433"},{"id":396733,"name":"Fabaceae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fabaceae?f_ri=57433"},{"id":516151,"name":"Genetic Polymorphism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_Polymorphism?f_ri=57433"},{"id":2207637,"name":"Forest fragments","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forest_fragments?f_ri=57433"},{"id":2605724,"name":"Tree Species","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tree_Species?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27199990" data-work_id="27199990" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27199990/Seeding_Blue_Grama_in_Old_Crested_Wheatgrass_Fields_in_Southwestern_Saskatchewan">Seeding Blue Grama in Old Crested Wheatgrass Fields in Southwestern Saskatchewan</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Crested wheatgrass [Agropyron cristatutn (L.) Gaertn.] fields have low plant diversity and a limited grazing season. We tested whether blue grama [Bouteloua gracilis (HBK.) Lag.] could be established in crested wheatgrass fields to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_27199990" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Crested wheatgrass [Agropyron cristatutn (L.) Gaertn.] fields have low plant diversity and a limited grazing season. We tested whether blue grama [Bouteloua gracilis (HBK.) Lag.] could be established in crested wheatgrass fields to increase plant diversity and grazing season length. Three seeding methods (unseeded, seed broadcast after rototilling, or seed drilled) and 2 herbicide treatments (none or glyphosate [iV (phosphonomethyl)-glycine] sprayed at 1.1 kg a.i. ha") were applied in a complete factorial design to 3 X 10 m plots in 1994 in two 50 year-old crested wheatgrass stands. Blue grama established in seeded plots, but the effectiveness of seeding methods varied between sites. At both sites, herbicide control of crested wheatgrass greatly promoted the establishment of blue grama. Crested wheatgrass biomass and cover were reduced by rototilling and by spraying. The results suggest that the establishment of blue grama in crested wheatgrass stands is possible if seed is added and competition from crested wheatgrass is controlled.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27199990" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d4ad26164f6b6f916dd43819a59e04e4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47453518,"asset_id":27199990,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47453518/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32710654" href="https://washington.academia.edu/JonathanBakker">Jonathan Bakker</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32710654" type="text/json">{"id":32710654,"first_name":"Jonathan","last_name":"Bakker","domain_name":"washington","page_name":"JonathanBakker","display_name":"Jonathan Bakker","profile_url":"https://washington.academia.edu/JonathanBakker?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27199990 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27199990"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27199990, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27199990", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27199990]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_27199990").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_27199990").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="27199990"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="45617" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Diversity">Plant Diversity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="45617" type="text/json">{"id":45617,"name":"Plant Diversity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Diversity?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality">Seasonality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="57433" type="text/json">{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72601" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Range_Management">Range Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72601" type="text/json">{"id":72601,"name":"Range Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Range_Management?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="107374" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Factorial_Design">Factorial Design</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="107374" type="text/json">{"id":107374,"name":"Factorial Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Factorial_Design?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=27199990]'), work: {"id":27199990,"title":"Seeding Blue Grama in Old Crested Wheatgrass Fields in Southwestern Saskatchewan","created_at":"2016-07-23T06:04:42.027-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/27199990/Seeding_Blue_Grama_in_Old_Crested_Wheatgrass_Fields_in_Southwestern_Saskatchewan?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_27199990","summary":"Crested wheatgrass [Agropyron cristatutn (L.) Gaertn.] fields have low plant diversity and a limited grazing season. We tested whether blue grama [Bouteloua gracilis (HBK.) Lag.] could be established in crested wheatgrass fields to increase plant diversity and grazing season length. Three seeding methods (unseeded, seed broadcast after rototilling, or seed drilled) and 2 herbicide treatments (none or glyphosate [iV (phosphonomethyl)-glycine] sprayed at 1.1 kg a.i. ha\") were applied in a complete factorial design to 3 X 10 m plots in 1994 in two 50 year-old crested wheatgrass stands. Blue grama established in seeded plots, but the effectiveness of seeding methods varied between sites. At both sites, herbicide control of crested wheatgrass greatly promoted the establishment of blue grama. Crested wheatgrass biomass and cover were reduced by rototilling and by spraying. The results suggest that the establishment of blue grama in crested wheatgrass stands is possible if seed is added and competition from crested wheatgrass is controlled.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47453518,"asset_id":27199990,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32710654,"first_name":"Jonathan","last_name":"Bakker","domain_name":"washington","page_name":"JonathanBakker","display_name":"Jonathan Bakker","profile_url":"https://washington.academia.edu/JonathanBakker?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":45617,"name":"Plant Diversity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Diversity?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":72601,"name":"Range Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Range_Management?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":107374,"name":"Factorial Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Factorial_Design?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_20166474" data-work_id="20166474" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20166474/POTENTIAL_FOR_SUCCESSIONAL_THEORY_TO_GUIDE_RESTORATION_OF_INVASIVE_PLANT_DOMINATED_RANGELAND">POTENTIAL FOR SUCCESSIONAL THEORY TO GUIDE RESTORATION OF INVASIVE-PLANT-DOMINATED RANGELAND</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Ecologists are searching for models, frameworks, and principles that provide a bridge between theory and the practice of restoration. Successional management has been proposed as a useful model for managing and restoring... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_20166474" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Ecologists are searching for models, frameworks, and principles that provide a bridge between theory and the practice of restoration. Successional management has been proposed as a useful model for managing and restoring invasive-plant-dominated rangeland because it provides a framework in which ecological processes can be manipulated by managers to achieve a desired plant community. Successional management identifies three general causes of succession (site availability [disturbance], species availability [colonization], and species performance) and suggests that managers address the ecological process influencing each general cause in a coordinated fashion to direct plant community dynamics. We tested successional management using various techniques to restore invasive-weed-dominated rangeland. Our hypothesis was that successively modifying the factors influencing the causes of succession in an integrated fashion would favor the establishment and abundance of native grasses over singularly applied treatments. Thus, we anticipated that the majority of responses to multiple treatments would be explained by higher order interactions, especially in the final year of the study . To test this hypothesis, we used a model system within a Festuca campestris/Pseudoroegneria spicata habitat among pothole wetlands dominated by Centaurea maculosa and Potentilla recta, two invasive species. We used three herbicide treatments (none, 2,4-D, and picloram) to influence species performance; two seeding methods (imprinting, i.e., creating a small depression and broadcasting, and no-till drilling) to influence disturbance; three seeding rates (977, 1322, and 1557 seeds/m 2 ) to influence colonization; and two cover crop treatments (with and without Triticum aestivum) to influence soil N and favor native grasses. Treatments were factorially arranged and replicated four times in a randomized complete block design in 2001 and sampled in 2002 and 2004. As predicted, plant response to treatments was dominated by two-and three-way interactions in 2004. The highest seeding rate (colonization) combined with no-till drilling (disturbance) produced the highest native grass density in 2002. These effects persisted into 2004 for P. spicata, but not for F. campestris or F. idahoensis. Combining picloram with no-till drill seeding also produced a high density of P. spicata. Drill seeding at 977 seeds/m 2 favored F. idahoensis density, while no-till drilling at 1322 seeds/m 2 favored its biomass in 2004. F. idahoensis established well after drill seeding with a cover crop and applying 2,4-D. Herbicides reduced native forb density and/or biomass, with early season forbs being more sensitive to picloram and summer forbs being more sensitive to 2,4-D. Herbicides increased exotic grasses' density and biomass but had no effect on native grasses. In most cases, integrating treatments that addressed multiple causes of succession favored a desired plant community. Thus, we accomplished our goal of using successional management to direct plant communities toward native desired species, but the treatments used did not improve species richness. Since naturally occurring native forbs did not respond favorably to any treatment combination, ecological restoration using successional management may best be thought of as an iterative procedure where various components and processes of the system are methodically repaired or replaced over time.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/20166474" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="67fdcb6764d1be7ac13f7ddecf69ff9b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41248148,"asset_id":20166474,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41248148/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="41283976" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JaneMangold">Jane Mangold</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="41283976" type="text/json">{"id":41283976,"first_name":"Jane","last_name":"Mangold","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JaneMangold","display_name":"Jane Mangold","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JaneMangold?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_20166474 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="20166474"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 20166474, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_20166474", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=20166474]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_20166474").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_20166474").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="20166474"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9846" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9846" type="text/json">{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11870" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Invasive_Species">Invasive Species</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11870" type="text/json">{"id":11870,"name":"Invasive Species","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Invasive_Species?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="49247" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Order_Thinking">Higher Order Thinking</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="49247" type="text/json">{"id":49247,"name":"Higher Order Thinking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Order_Thinking?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality">Seasonality</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="57433" type="text/json">{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=20166474]'), work: {"id":20166474,"title":"POTENTIAL FOR SUCCESSIONAL THEORY TO GUIDE RESTORATION OF INVASIVE-PLANT-DOMINATED RANGELAND","created_at":"2016-01-11T07:45:41.115-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/20166474/POTENTIAL_FOR_SUCCESSIONAL_THEORY_TO_GUIDE_RESTORATION_OF_INVASIVE_PLANT_DOMINATED_RANGELAND?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_20166474","summary":"Ecologists are searching for models, frameworks, and principles that provide a bridge between theory and the practice of restoration. Successional management has been proposed as a useful model for managing and restoring invasive-plant-dominated rangeland because it provides a framework in which ecological processes can be manipulated by managers to achieve a desired plant community. Successional management identifies three general causes of succession (site availability [disturbance], species availability [colonization], and species performance) and suggests that managers address the ecological process influencing each general cause in a coordinated fashion to direct plant community dynamics. We tested successional management using various techniques to restore invasive-weed-dominated rangeland. Our hypothesis was that successively modifying the factors influencing the causes of succession in an integrated fashion would favor the establishment and abundance of native grasses over singularly applied treatments. Thus, we anticipated that the majority of responses to multiple treatments would be explained by higher order interactions, especially in the final year of the study . To test this hypothesis, we used a model system within a Festuca campestris/Pseudoroegneria spicata habitat among pothole wetlands dominated by Centaurea maculosa and Potentilla recta, two invasive species. We used three herbicide treatments (none, 2,4-D, and picloram) to influence species performance; two seeding methods (imprinting, i.e., creating a small depression and broadcasting, and no-till drilling) to influence disturbance; three seeding rates (977, 1322, and 1557 seeds/m 2 ) to influence colonization; and two cover crop treatments (with and without Triticum aestivum) to influence soil N and favor native grasses. Treatments were factorially arranged and replicated four times in a randomized complete block design in 2001 and sampled in 2002 and 2004. As predicted, plant response to treatments was dominated by two-and three-way interactions in 2004. The highest seeding rate (colonization) combined with no-till drilling (disturbance) produced the highest native grass density in 2002. These effects persisted into 2004 for P. spicata, but not for F. campestris or F. idahoensis. Combining picloram with no-till drill seeding also produced a high density of P. spicata. Drill seeding at 977 seeds/m 2 favored F. idahoensis density, while no-till drilling at 1322 seeds/m 2 favored its biomass in 2004. F. idahoensis established well after drill seeding with a cover crop and applying 2,4-D. Herbicides reduced native forb density and/or biomass, with early season forbs being more sensitive to picloram and summer forbs being more sensitive to 2,4-D. Herbicides increased exotic grasses' density and biomass but had no effect on native grasses. In most cases, integrating treatments that addressed multiple causes of succession favored a desired plant community. Thus, we accomplished our goal of using successional management to direct plant communities toward native desired species, but the treatments used did not improve species richness. Since naturally occurring native forbs did not respond favorably to any treatment combination, ecological restoration using successional management may best be thought of as an iterative procedure where various components and processes of the system are methodically repaired or replaced over time.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41248148,"asset_id":20166474,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":41283976,"first_name":"Jane","last_name":"Mangold","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JaneMangold","display_name":"Jane Mangold","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JaneMangold?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":11870,"name":"Invasive Species","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Invasive_Species?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":49247,"name":"Higher Order Thinking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Order_Thinking?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":274119,"name":"Invasive Plant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Invasive_Plant?f_ri=57433"},{"id":434746,"name":"Model System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Model_System?f_ri=57433"},{"id":653596,"name":"Plant Community","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Community?f_ri=57433"},{"id":843856,"name":"Ecological Applications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecological_Applications?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1819335,"name":"Cover Crop","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cover_Crop?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9528986" data-work_id="9528986" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9528986/Anth_106_Ppt_lecture_8_summary_of_and_supplement_to_Renfrew_and_Bahn_textbook_chp_7_What_did_they_eat_Subsistence_and_diet_by_G_Mumford_Revised_March_2021">Anth.106 Ppt. lecture-8: summary of & supplement to Renfrew & Bahn textbook, chp. 7: What did they eat? Subsistence and diet (by G. Mumford); Revised March 2021.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">SUMMARY: Chapter 7, in Renfrew & Bahn's textbook (Archaeology: Theories, Methods, and Practice), covers how to assess past subsistence and diet, including plant food (e.g., macro- and microbotanical remains; plant residues; seasonality;... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9528986" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">SUMMARY: Chapter 7, in Renfrew & Bahn's textbook (Archaeology: Theories, Methods, and Practice), covers how to assess past subsistence and diet, including plant food (e.g., macro- and microbotanical remains; plant residues; seasonality; domestication), animal resources (e.g., macro-faunal remains; age, sex, and seasonality; domestication; small fauna; types of exploitation), and assessing diet from human remains (e.g., stomach contents; feces; teeth; isotopic methods; bone collagen).  A small case study is placed at the end of this ppt. lecture, emphasizing some aspects of subsistence.  In my view, this is one of the best college textbooks available, and is invaluable for students, archaeologists, and the public in general, to obtain a top notch overview of approaching and interpreting the archaeological record. UPDATED May 2023.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9528986" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9fcd68540ad4dc937a299c92330e4ba9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":101798111,"asset_id":9528986,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101798111/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9975751" href="https://ua-birmingham.academia.edu/GregoryMumford">Gregory Mumford</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9975751" type="text/json">{"id":9975751,"first_name":"Gregory","last_name":"Mumford","domain_name":"ua-birmingham","page_name":"GregoryMumford","display_name":"Gregory Mumford","profile_url":"https://ua-birmingham.academia.edu/GregoryMumford?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9975751/5788605/11609699/s65_gregory.mumford.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9528986 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9528986"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9528986, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9528986", }); 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Subsistence and diet (by G. Mumford); Revised March 2021.","created_at":"2014-11-27T11:01:41.928-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9528986/Anth_106_Ppt_lecture_8_summary_of_and_supplement_to_Renfrew_and_Bahn_textbook_chp_7_What_did_they_eat_Subsistence_and_diet_by_G_Mumford_Revised_March_2021?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_9528986","summary":"SUMMARY: Chapter 7, in Renfrew \u0026 Bahn's textbook (Archaeology: Theories, Methods, and Practice), covers how to assess past subsistence and diet, including plant food (e.g., macro- and microbotanical remains; plant residues; seasonality; domestication), animal resources (e.g., macro-faunal remains; age, sex, and seasonality; domestication; small fauna; types of exploitation), and assessing diet from human remains (e.g., stomach contents; feces; teeth; isotopic methods; bone collagen). A small case study is placed at the end of this ppt. lecture, emphasizing some aspects of subsistence. In my view, this is one of the best college textbooks available, and is invaluable for students, archaeologists, and the public in general, to obtain a top notch overview of approaching and interpreting the archaeological record. UPDATED May 2023.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":101798111,"asset_id":9528986,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9975751,"first_name":"Gregory","last_name":"Mumford","domain_name":"ua-birmingham","page_name":"GregoryMumford","display_name":"Gregory Mumford","profile_url":"https://ua-birmingham.academia.edu/GregoryMumford?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9975751/5788605/11609699/s65_gregory.mumford.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":1624,"name":"Zooarchaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zooarchaeology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":1742,"name":"Archaeobotany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeobotany?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":4548,"name":"Palaeolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Palaeolithic_Archaeology?f_ri=57433"},{"id":11199,"name":"Neolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_Archaeology?f_ri=57433"},{"id":11418,"name":"Phytolith Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phytolith_Analysis?f_ri=57433"},{"id":15987,"name":"Phosphate Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phosphate_Analysis?f_ri=57433"},{"id":16743,"name":"Plant domestication (Prehistoric Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_domestication_Prehistoric_Archaeology_?f_ri=57433"},{"id":21021,"name":"Cooking Residue Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cooking_Residue_Analysis?f_ri=57433"},{"id":26920,"name":"Subsistence systems (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Subsistence_systems_Archaeology_?f_ri=57433"},{"id":28020,"name":"Residue Analysis (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Residue_Analysis_Archaeology_?f_ri=57433"},{"id":28788,"name":"Domestication (Zooarchaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Domestication_Zooarchaeology_?f_ri=57433"},{"id":28899,"name":"Residue and Use-Wear Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Residue_and_Use-Wear_Analysis?f_ri=57433"},{"id":29226,"name":"Archaeology of Hunting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_Hunting?f_ri=57433"},{"id":33104,"name":"Ancient Agriculture \u0026 Farming (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Agriculture_and_Farming_Archaeology_?f_ri=57433"},{"id":40123,"name":"Cooking and Food Preparation (archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cooking_and_Food_Preparation_archaeology_?f_ri=57433"},{"id":46070,"name":"Animal domestication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_domestication?f_ri=57433"},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433"},{"id":57434,"name":"Strontium Isotope Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strontium_Isotope_Analysis?f_ri=57433"},{"id":72973,"name":"Archaeology of food","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_food?f_ri=57433"},{"id":78741,"name":"Animal Husbandry and Livestock","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Husbandry_and_Livestock?f_ri=57433"},{"id":85662,"name":"Archaeology - 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HiRISE will provide detailed... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_17846697" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">1] The HiRISE camera features a 0.5 m diameter primary mirror, 12 m effective focal length, and a focal plane system that can acquire images containing up to 28 Gb (gigabits) of data in as little as 6 seconds. HiRISE will provide detailed images (0.25 to 1.3 m/pixel) covering $1% of the Martian surface during the 2-year Primary Science Phase (PSP) beginning November 2006. Most images will include color data covering 20% of the potential field of view. A top priority is to acquire $1000 stereo pairs and apply precision geometric corrections to enable topographic measurements to better than 25 cm vertical precision. We expect to return more than 12 Tb of HiRISE data during the 2-year PSP, and use pixel binning, conversion from 14 to 8 bit values, and a lossless compression system to increase coverage. HiRISE images are acquired via 14 CCD detectors, each with 2 output channels, and with multiple choices for pixel binning and number of Time Delay and Integration lines. HiRISE will support Mars exploration by locating and characterizing past, present, and future landing sites, unsuccessful landing sites, and past and potentially future rover traverses. We will investigate cratering, volcanism, tectonism, hydrology, sedimentary processes, stratigraphy, aeolian processes, mass wasting, landscape evolution, seasonal processes, climate change, spectrophotometry, glacial and periglacial processes, polar geology, and regolith properties. An Internet Web site (HiWeb) will enable anyone in the world to suggest HiRISE targets on Mars and to easily locate, view, and download HiRISE data products.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17846697" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d5e9823f69de0a8de465dbb11a518417" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39741584,"asset_id":17846697,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39741584/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37764280" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GulickVirginia">Virginia Gulick</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37764280" type="text/json">{"id":37764280,"first_name":"Virginia","last_name":"Gulick","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GulickVirginia","display_name":"Virginia Gulick","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GulickVirginia?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17846697 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17846697"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17846697, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17846697", }); 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HiRISE will provide detailed images (0.25 to 1.3 m/pixel) covering $1% of the Martian surface during the 2-year Primary Science Phase (PSP) beginning November 2006. Most images will include color data covering 20% of the potential field of view. A top priority is to acquire $1000 stereo pairs and apply precision geometric corrections to enable topographic measurements to better than 25 cm vertical precision. We expect to return more than 12 Tb of HiRISE data during the 2-year PSP, and use pixel binning, conversion from 14 to 8 bit values, and a lossless compression system to increase coverage. HiRISE images are acquired via 14 CCD detectors, each with 2 output channels, and with multiple choices for pixel binning and number of Time Delay and Integration lines. HiRISE will support Mars exploration by locating and characterizing past, present, and future landing sites, unsuccessful landing sites, and past and potentially future rover traverses. We will investigate cratering, volcanism, tectonism, hydrology, sedimentary processes, stratigraphy, aeolian processes, mass wasting, landscape evolution, seasonal processes, climate change, spectrophotometry, glacial and periglacial processes, polar geology, and regolith properties. An Internet Web site (HiWeb) will enable anyone in the world to suggest HiRISE targets on Mars and to easily locate, view, and download HiRISE data products.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39741584,"asset_id":17846697,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37764280,"first_name":"Virginia","last_name":"Gulick","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GulickVirginia","display_name":"Virginia Gulick","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GulickVirginia?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1252,"name":"Remote Sensing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Remote_Sensing?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":1512,"name":"Climate Change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate_Change?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":72549,"name":"Landscape Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Evolution?f_ri=57433"},{"id":132592,"name":"Time Delay","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_Delay?f_ri=57433"},{"id":344929,"name":"Geometric correction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geometric_correction?f_ri=57433"},{"id":411513,"name":"Geophysical","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geophysical?f_ri=57433"},{"id":482976,"name":"Multiple Choice Tests","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multiple_Choice_Tests?f_ri=57433"},{"id":651435,"name":"Potential Field","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Potential_Field?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1029721,"name":"Instruments and Techniques","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instruments_and_Techniques?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1957069,"name":"Lossless Compression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lossless_Compression?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_77243753" data-work_id="77243753" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/77243753/Graphical_Representation_of_Climate_Based_Daylight_Performance_to_Support_Architectural_Design">Graphical Representation of Climate-Based Daylight Performance to Support Architectural Design</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Many conventional daylighting design tools are limited in that each simulation represents only one time of year and time of day (or a single, theoretical overcast sky condition). Since daylight is so variable -due to the movement of the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_77243753" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Many conventional daylighting design tools are limited in that each simulation represents only one time of year and time of day (or a single, theoretical overcast sky condition). Since daylight is so variable -due to the movement of the sun, changing seasons, and diverse weather conditions -one moment is hardly representative of the overall quality of the daylighting design, which is why climate-based, dynamic performance metrics like Daylight Autonomy (DA) and Useful Daylight Illuminance (UDI) are so needed. Going one step further, the annual variation in performance (condensed to a percentage by DA and UDI) is also valuable information, as is the ability to link this data to spatial visualizations and renderings. Trying to realize this combination of analytical needs using existing tools would become an overly time-consuming and tedious process. The challenge is to provide all information necessary to early design stage decision-making in a manageable form, while retaining the continuity of annual data. This paper introduces a climate data simplification method based on a splitting of the year into 56 periods, over which weather conditions are "averaged" and simulated using Perez's ASRC-CIE sky model, while information on sun penetration is provided at a greater resolution. The graphical output of the produced data in the form of "Temporal Maps" will be shown to be visually, and even numerically, comparable to reference case maps created using short time step calculations and based on illuminance data generated by Daysim.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/77243753" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3baff6063087f299453d8508822fb202" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":84905008,"asset_id":77243753,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84905008/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="69022601" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BodartM">M. Bodart</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="69022601" type="text/json">{"id":69022601,"first_name":"M.","last_name":"Bodart","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BodartM","display_name":"M. 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Since daylight is so variable -due to the movement of the sun, changing seasons, and diverse weather conditions -one moment is hardly representative of the overall quality of the daylighting design, which is why climate-based, dynamic performance metrics like Daylight Autonomy (DA) and Useful Daylight Illuminance (UDI) are so needed. Going one step further, the annual variation in performance (condensed to a percentage by DA and UDI) is also valuable information, as is the ability to link this data to spatial visualizations and renderings. Trying to realize this combination of analytical needs using existing tools would become an overly time-consuming and tedious process. The challenge is to provide all information necessary to early design stage decision-making in a manageable form, while retaining the continuity of annual data. This paper introduces a climate data simplification method based on a splitting of the year into 56 periods, over which weather conditions are \"averaged\" and simulated using Perez's ASRC-CIE sky model, while information on sun penetration is provided at a greater resolution. The graphical output of the produced data in the form of \"Temporal Maps\" will be shown to be visually, and even numerically, comparable to reference case maps created using short time step calculations and based on illuminance data generated by Daysim.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":84905008,"asset_id":77243753,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":69022601,"first_name":"M.","last_name":"Bodart","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BodartM","display_name":"M. Bodart","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BodartM?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1681,"name":"Decision Making","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Making?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":48636,"name":"Simulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Simulation?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":61738,"name":"Architectural Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architectural_Design?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":65140,"name":"Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Models?f_ri=57433"},{"id":180836,"name":"Design Tool","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Tool?f_ri=57433"},{"id":260816,"name":"Daylighting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Daylighting?f_ri=57433"},{"id":534589,"name":"Spatial Visualization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Visualization?f_ri=57433"},{"id":554780,"name":"Interdisciplinary Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interdisciplinary_Engineering?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1011634,"name":"Graphical Representation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Graphical_Representation?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_76622344" data-work_id="76622344" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/76622344/Reproductive_Performance_of_Water_Buffalo_Cows_A_Review_of_Affecting_Factors">Reproductive Performance of Water Buffalo Cows: A Review of Affecting Factors</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article aims to review both the economic impact of reproductive failures on the profitability of water buffalo systems and the effect of different factors on the reproductive performance of water buffaloes. Besides, an overview of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_76622344" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article aims to review both the economic impact of reproductive failures on the profitability of water buffalo systems and the effect of different factors on the reproductive performance of water buffaloes. Besides, an overview of various non-hormonal alternatives to improve reproductive performance is made. The optimal reproductive efficiency in water buffaloes implies calving to conception interval around 90 days to reach a calving interval of 400 days, with longer calving intervals having a negative impact on profitability. Reproductive efficiency is the consequence of the interaction of genetic and non-genetic factors, and the recognition of these factors by analyzing the reproductive information must be a priority. Although each factor's impact can be of greater or lesser magnitude depending on the conditions of each herd, some factors like nutrition, milk yield, body condition score, negative energy balance, parity, bull presence, low estrus intensity, and season can be considered high-impact factors. Not all factors are common among farms; therefore each farm must implement a program for the identification, control, and prevention of reproductive problems, especially during early lactation, to prevent a long anestrus; and when artificial insemination is used, so that it is done at the correct time with respect to the beginning of estrus to enhance fertility.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/76622344" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cbe09cdbe69a9aa5eedb6a86569e599c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":84272131,"asset_id":76622344,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84272131/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="140023168" href="https://ula.academia.edu/LuisTova">Luis Tovar Breto</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="140023168" type="text/json">{"id":140023168,"first_name":"Luis","last_name":"Tovar Breto","domain_name":"ula","page_name":"LuisTova","display_name":"Luis Tovar Breto","profile_url":"https://ula.academia.edu/LuisTova?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/140023168/75389705/63899656/s65_luis.tova.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_76622344 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="76622344"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 76622344, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_76622344", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=76622344]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_76622344").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_76622344").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="76622344"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7710" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7710" type="text/json">{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality">Seasonality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="57433" type="text/json">{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="133295" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Balance">Energy Balance</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="133295" type="text/json">{"id":133295,"name":"Energy Balance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Balance?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="187184" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/BCS">BCS</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="187184" type="text/json">{"id":187184,"name":"BCS","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/BCS?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=76622344]'), work: {"id":76622344,"title":"Reproductive Performance of Water Buffalo Cows: A Review of Affecting Factors","created_at":"2022-04-16T08:30:02.347-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/76622344/Reproductive_Performance_of_Water_Buffalo_Cows_A_Review_of_Affecting_Factors?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_76622344","summary":"This article aims to review both the economic impact of reproductive failures on the profitability of water buffalo systems and the effect of different factors on the reproductive performance of water buffaloes. Besides, an overview of various non-hormonal alternatives to improve reproductive performance is made. The optimal reproductive efficiency in water buffaloes implies calving to conception interval around 90 days to reach a calving interval of 400 days, with longer calving intervals having a negative impact on profitability. Reproductive efficiency is the consequence of the interaction of genetic and non-genetic factors, and the recognition of these factors by analyzing the reproductive information must be a priority. Although each factor's impact can be of greater or lesser magnitude depending on the conditions of each herd, some factors like nutrition, milk yield, body condition score, negative energy balance, parity, bull presence, low estrus intensity, and season can be considered high-impact factors. Not all factors are common among farms; therefore each farm must implement a program for the identification, control, and prevention of reproductive problems, especially during early lactation, to prevent a long anestrus; and when artificial insemination is used, so that it is done at the correct time with respect to the beginning of estrus to enhance fertility.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":84272131,"asset_id":76622344,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":140023168,"first_name":"Luis","last_name":"Tovar Breto","domain_name":"ula","page_name":"LuisTova","display_name":"Luis Tovar Breto","profile_url":"https://ula.academia.edu/LuisTova?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/140023168/75389705/63899656/s65_luis.tova.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":133295,"name":"Energy Balance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Balance?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":187184,"name":"BCS","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/BCS?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":395280,"name":"Milk Yield","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Milk_Yield?f_ri=57433"},{"id":767909,"name":"Parity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parity?f_ri=57433"},{"id":921044,"name":"Anestrus In Dairy Cows","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anestrus_In_Dairy_Cows?f_ri=57433"},{"id":3888439,"name":"water buffaloes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/water_buffaloes?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_75533837" data-work_id="75533837" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/75533837/Canopy_CO2_exchange_of_two_neotropical_tree_species_exhibiting_constitutive_and_facultative_CAM_photosynthesis_Clusia_rosea_and_Clusia_cylindrica">Canopy CO2 exchange of two neotropical tree species exhibiting constitutive and facultative CAM photosynthesis, Clusia rosea and Clusia cylindrica</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Photon flux density (PFD) and water availability, the daily and seasonal factors that vary most in tropical environments, were examined to see how they influenced expression of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) in 3year-old Clusia shrubs... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_75533837" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Photon flux density (PFD) and water availability, the daily and seasonal factors that vary most in tropical environments, were examined to see how they influenced expression of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) in 3year-old Clusia shrubs native to Panama. Instead of the commonly used single-leaf approach, diel CO 2 exchange was measured for whole individual canopies of plants in large soil containers inside a naturally illuminated 8.8 m 3 chamber. In well-watered C. rosea, a mainly constitutive CAM species, nocturnally fixed CO 2 contributed about 50% to 24 h carbon gain on sunny days but the contribution decreased to zero following overcast days. Nonetheless, CO 2 fixation in the light responded in such a way that 24 h carbon gain was largely conserved across the range of daily PFDs. The response of C. rosea to drought was similarly buffered. A facultative component of CAM expression led to reversible increases in nocturnal carbon gain that offset drought-induced reductions of CO 2 fixation in the light. Clusia cylindrica was a C 3 plant when well-watered but exhibited CAM when subjected to water stress. The induction of CAM was fully reversible upon rewatering. C. cylindrica joins C. pratensis as the most unambiguous facultative CAM species reported in the genus Clusia.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/75533837" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d7d81947d46b2bac59f986a64c4510d9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":83264504,"asset_id":75533837,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83264504/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="138979633" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MiltonNGarciaJ">Milton N. Garcia J.</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="138979633" type="text/json">{"id":138979633,"first_name":"Milton N.","last_name":"Garcia J.","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MiltonNGarciaJ","display_name":"Milton N. Garcia J.","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MiltonNGarciaJ?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/138979633/37280392/31603495/s65_milton_n..garcia_j..jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_75533837 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="75533837"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75533837, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_75533837", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_75533837 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75533837; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_75533837"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_75533837 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75533837"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75533837; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75533837]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_75533837").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_75533837").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="75533837"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="148" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Botany">Botany</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="148" type="text/json">{"id":148,"name":"Botany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Botany?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Dioxide">Carbon Dioxide</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4594" type="text/json">{"id":4594,"name":"Carbon Dioxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Dioxide?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5345" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photosynthesis">Photosynthesis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5345" type="text/json">{"id":5345,"name":"Photosynthesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photosynthesis?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5541" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology">Plant Biology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5541" type="text/json">{"id":5541,"name":"Plant Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=75533837]'), work: {"id":75533837,"title":"Canopy CO2 exchange of two neotropical tree species exhibiting constitutive and facultative CAM photosynthesis, Clusia rosea and Clusia cylindrica","created_at":"2022-04-05T07:11:33.982-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/75533837/Canopy_CO2_exchange_of_two_neotropical_tree_species_exhibiting_constitutive_and_facultative_CAM_photosynthesis_Clusia_rosea_and_Clusia_cylindrica?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_75533837","summary":"Photon flux density (PFD) and water availability, the daily and seasonal factors that vary most in tropical environments, were examined to see how they influenced expression of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) in 3year-old Clusia shrubs native to Panama. Instead of the commonly used single-leaf approach, diel CO 2 exchange was measured for whole individual canopies of plants in large soil containers inside a naturally illuminated 8.8 m 3 chamber. In well-watered C. rosea, a mainly constitutive CAM species, nocturnally fixed CO 2 contributed about 50% to 24 h carbon gain on sunny days but the contribution decreased to zero following overcast days. Nonetheless, CO 2 fixation in the light responded in such a way that 24 h carbon gain was largely conserved across the range of daily PFDs. The response of C. rosea to drought was similarly buffered. A facultative component of CAM expression led to reversible increases in nocturnal carbon gain that offset drought-induced reductions of CO 2 fixation in the light. Clusia cylindrica was a C 3 plant when well-watered but exhibited CAM when subjected to water stress. The induction of CAM was fully reversible upon rewatering. C. cylindrica joins C. pratensis as the most unambiguous facultative CAM species reported in the genus Clusia.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83264504,"asset_id":75533837,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":138979633,"first_name":"Milton N.","last_name":"Garcia J.","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MiltonNGarciaJ","display_name":"Milton N. Garcia J.","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MiltonNGarciaJ?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/138979633/37280392/31603495/s65_milton_n..garcia_j..jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":148,"name":"Botany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Botany?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":4594,"name":"Carbon Dioxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Dioxide?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":5345,"name":"Photosynthesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photosynthesis?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":5541,"name":"Plant Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":6497,"name":"Water Availability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Availability?f_ri=57433"},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433"},{"id":57461,"name":"Plant Physiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Physiology?f_ri=57433"},{"id":114835,"name":"Experimental Botany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Botany?f_ri=57433"},{"id":122396,"name":"Water Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Stress?f_ri=57433"},{"id":128057,"name":"Light","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Light?f_ri=57433"},{"id":164273,"name":"Tree","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tree?f_ri=57433"},{"id":176238,"name":"Trees","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trees?f_ri=57433"},{"id":893698,"name":"Crassulacean Acid Metabolism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crassulacean_Acid_Metabolism?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1428051,"name":"Tree Canopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tree_Canopy?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1787781,"name":"Gas Exchange","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gas_Exchange?f_ri=57433"},{"id":2605724,"name":"Tree Species","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tree_Species?f_ri=57433"},{"id":3510160,"name":"Tropical Zone","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tropical_Zone?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_72472560" data-work_id="72472560" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/72472560/Seasonal_Averaged_One_Dependence_Estimators_A_Novel_Algorithm_to_Address_Seasonal_Concept_Drift_in_High_Dimensional_Stream_Classification">Seasonal Averaged One-Dependence Estimators: A Novel Algorithm to Address Seasonal Concept Drift in High-Dimensional Stream Classification</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Stream classification methods classify a continuous stream of data as new labelled samples arrive. They often also have to deal with concept drift. This paper focuses on seasonal drift in stream classification, which can be found in many... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_72472560" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Stream classification methods classify a continuous stream of data as new labelled samples arrive. They often also have to deal with concept drift. This paper focuses on seasonal drift in stream classification, which can be found in many real-world application data sources. Traditional approaches of stream classification consider seasonal drift by including seasonal dummy/indicator variables or building separate models for each season. But these approaches have strong limitations in high-dimensional classification problems, or with complex seasonal patterns. This paper explores how to best handle seasonal drift in the specific context of news article categorization (or classification/tagging), where seasonal drift is overwhelmingly the main type of drift present in the data, and for which the data are high-dimensional. We introduce a novel classifier named Seasonal Averaged One-Dependence Estimators (SAODE), which extends the AODE classifier to handle seasonal drift by including tim...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/72472560" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="35ac5da2c8347b338afc20deaf7e1c93" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81385923,"asset_id":72472560,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81385923/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="51633587" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TrevorYann">Trevor Yann</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="51633587" type="text/json">{"id":51633587,"first_name":"Trevor","last_name":"Yann","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TrevorYann","display_name":"Trevor Yann","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TrevorYann?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_72472560 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="72472560"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 72472560, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_72472560", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_72472560 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 72472560; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_72472560"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_72472560 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="72472560"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 72472560; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=72472560]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_72472560").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_72472560").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="72472560"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4095" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classification_Machine_Learning_">Classification (Machine Learning)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4095" type="text/json">{"id":4095,"name":"Classification (Machine Learning)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classification_Machine_Learning_?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10511" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Concept_Drift_Data_Stream_">Concept Drift (Data Stream)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10511" type="text/json">{"id":10511,"name":"Concept Drift (Data Stream)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Concept_Drift_Data_Stream_?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality">Seasonality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="57433" type="text/json">{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="161594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Dimensional_Data">High Dimensional Data</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="161594" type="text/json">{"id":161594,"name":"High Dimensional Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Dimensional_Data?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=72472560]'), work: {"id":72472560,"title":"Seasonal Averaged One-Dependence Estimators: A Novel Algorithm to Address Seasonal Concept Drift in High-Dimensional Stream Classification","created_at":"2022-02-25T12:13:17.326-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/72472560/Seasonal_Averaged_One_Dependence_Estimators_A_Novel_Algorithm_to_Address_Seasonal_Concept_Drift_in_High_Dimensional_Stream_Classification?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_72472560","summary":"Stream classification methods classify a continuous stream of data as new labelled samples arrive. They often also have to deal with concept drift. This paper focuses on seasonal drift in stream classification, which can be found in many real-world application data sources. Traditional approaches of stream classification consider seasonal drift by including seasonal dummy/indicator variables or building separate models for each season. But these approaches have strong limitations in high-dimensional classification problems, or with complex seasonal patterns. This paper explores how to best handle seasonal drift in the specific context of news article categorization (or classification/tagging), where seasonal drift is overwhelmingly the main type of drift present in the data, and for which the data are high-dimensional. We introduce a novel classifier named Seasonal Averaged One-Dependence Estimators (SAODE), which extends the AODE classifier to handle seasonal drift by including tim...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81385923,"asset_id":72472560,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":51633587,"first_name":"Trevor","last_name":"Yann","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TrevorYann","display_name":"Trevor Yann","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TrevorYann?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4095,"name":"Classification (Machine Learning)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classification_Machine_Learning_?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":10511,"name":"Concept Drift (Data Stream)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Concept_Drift_Data_Stream_?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":161594,"name":"High Dimensional Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Dimensional_Data?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_70920566" data-work_id="70920566" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/70920566/Biological_features_of_the_Lophius_piscatorius_catch_in_Scottish_waters">Biological features of the Lophius piscatorius catch in Scottish waters</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Here, data on 50 265 Lophius piscatorius sampled between 1998 and 2006 on board commercial fishing vessels during observer trips and chartered surveys at Shetland, west of Scotland, and Rockall are analysed. In each area, length differed... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_70920566" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Here, data on 50 265 Lophius piscatorius sampled between 1998 and 2006 on board commercial fishing vessels during observer trips and chartered surveys at Shetland, west of Scotland, and Rockall are analysed. In each area, length differed significantly with depth (p, 0.001), there was an increase in modal size with increasing depth down to 450 m, and large fish dominated hauls in deeper water. The sex ratio of all data combined was 0.88 females:1 male, but it varied by area, depth, and season, with males greatly out-numbering females in deep water west of Scotland during the first quarter of the year. The proportion at length that were female differed significantly with depth, and the highest proportions of mature fish were in deep water at Rockall and west of Scotland. L50 % maturities, for all data combined, were 102.4 cm for females and 58.3 cm for males.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/70920566" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f7176fe2d723136442fa5c1c12135d20" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":80472128,"asset_id":70920566,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80472128/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25317083" href="https://uhi.academia.edu/ChevonneAngus">Chevonne H Angus</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25317083" type="text/json">{"id":25317083,"first_name":"Chevonne","last_name":"Angus","domain_name":"uhi","page_name":"ChevonneAngus","display_name":"Chevonne H Angus","profile_url":"https://uhi.academia.edu/ChevonneAngus?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_70920566 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="70920566"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 70920566, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_70920566", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70920566]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_70920566").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_70920566").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="70920566"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="261" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography">Geography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="261" type="text/json">{"id":261,"name":"Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28235" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary">Multidisciplinary</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28235" type="text/json">{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality">Seasonality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="57433" type="text/json">{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="81559" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scotland">Scotland</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="81559" type="text/json">{"id":81559,"name":"Scotland","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scotland?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=70920566]'), work: {"id":70920566,"title":"Biological features of the Lophius piscatorius catch in Scottish waters","created_at":"2022-02-08T04:27:29.580-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/70920566/Biological_features_of_the_Lophius_piscatorius_catch_in_Scottish_waters?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_70920566","summary":"Here, data on 50 265 Lophius piscatorius sampled between 1998 and 2006 on board commercial fishing vessels during observer trips and chartered surveys at Shetland, west of Scotland, and Rockall are analysed. In each area, length differed significantly with depth (p, 0.001), there was an increase in modal size with increasing depth down to 450 m, and large fish dominated hauls in deeper water. The sex ratio of all data combined was 0.88 females:1 male, but it varied by area, depth, and season, with males greatly out-numbering females in deep water west of Scotland during the first quarter of the year. The proportion at length that were female differed significantly with depth, and the highest proportions of mature fish were in deep water at Rockall and west of Scotland. L50 % maturities, for all data combined, were 102.4 cm for females and 58.3 cm for males.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80472128,"asset_id":70920566,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":25317083,"first_name":"Chevonne","last_name":"Angus","domain_name":"uhi","page_name":"ChevonneAngus","display_name":"Chevonne H Angus","profile_url":"https://uhi.academia.edu/ChevonneAngus?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":261,"name":"Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":81559,"name":"Scotland","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scotland?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":90987,"name":"Sex ratio","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sex_ratio?f_ri=57433"},{"id":322541,"name":"Deep water","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deep_water?f_ri=57433"},{"id":443558,"name":"Shetland","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shetland?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1770198,"name":"Anglerfish","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anglerfish?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_68469843" data-work_id="68469843" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/68469843/Antiviral_Treatment_and_Prevention_of_Seasonal_Influenza_a_Comparative_Review_of_Recommendations_In_the_European_Union">Antiviral Treatment and Prevention of Seasonal Influenza: a Comparative Review of Recommendations In the European Union</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Guidelines were obtained from France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Sweden and the UK. Most guidelines recommend neuraminidase inhibitors over M2 inhibitors, but three countries were unclear or suggested M2 inhibitor use... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_68469843" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Guidelines were obtained from France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Sweden and the UK. Most guidelines recommend neuraminidase inhibitors over M2 inhibitors, but three countries were unclear or suggested M2 inhibitor use in some circumstances. Clinical ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/68469843" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cf445f9f36b649aee20ef6a52f796826" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":78933677,"asset_id":68469843,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78933677/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="49419775" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TristanMortonClark">Tristan Morton Clark</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="49419775" type="text/json">{"id":49419775,"first_name":"Tristan","last_name":"Morton Clark","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TristanMortonClark","display_name":"Tristan Morton Clark","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TristanMortonClark?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_68469843 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="68469843"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 68469843, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_68469843", }); 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Most guidelines recommend neuraminidase inhibitors over M2 inhibitors, but three countries were unclear or suggested M2 inhibitor use in some circumstances. Clinical ...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78933677,"asset_id":68469843,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":49419775,"first_name":"Tristan","last_name":"Morton Clark","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TristanMortonClark","display_name":"Tristan Morton Clark","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TristanMortonClark?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":8942,"name":"Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Treatment?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":10347,"name":"European Union","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Union?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine?f_ri=57433"},{"id":27240,"name":"Prevention","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prevention?f_ri=57433"},{"id":49785,"name":"Clinical Virology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Virology?f_ri=57433"},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1622318,"name":"Antiviral Agents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antiviral_Agents?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_64157044" data-work_id="64157044" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/64157044/Food_habits_of_co_occurring_populations_of_largemouth_bass_and_spotted_bass_in_two_New_Mexico_reservoirs">Food habits of co-occurring populations of largemouth bass and spotted bass in two New Mexico reservoirs</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Food habits of co-occurring largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and spotted bass (M. punctulatus) were documented in two New Mexico reservoirs, Brantley Lake and Sumner Lake, from May 2001 to May 2002. In Brantley Lake, bass ate... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_64157044" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Food habits of co-occurring largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and spotted bass (M. punctulatus) were documented in two New Mexico reservoirs, Brantley Lake and Sumner Lake, from May 2001 to May 2002. In Brantley Lake, bass ate mainly fish, whereas bass in Sumner Lake ate mainly crayfish. Food habits of both species varied seasonally and there was substantial overlap in the</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/64157044" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="209659143" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RahmaDeny3">Rahma Deny</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="209659143" type="text/json">{"id":209659143,"first_name":"Rahma","last_name":"Deny","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RahmaDeny3","display_name":"Rahma Deny","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RahmaDeny3?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/209659143/69429308/57828338/s65_rahma.deny.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_64157044 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="64157044"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 64157044, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_64157044", }); 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In Brantley Lake, bass ate mainly fish, whereas bass in Sumner Lake ate mainly crayfish. Food habits of both species varied seasonally and there was substantial overlap in the","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":209659143,"first_name":"Rahma","last_name":"Deny","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RahmaDeny3","display_name":"Rahma Deny","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RahmaDeny3?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/209659143/69429308/57828338/s65_rahma.deny.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":9846,"name":"Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":11875,"name":"Freshwater Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Freshwater_Ecology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":91961,"name":"Freshwater","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Freshwater?f_ri=57433"},{"id":177557,"name":"New Mexico","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Mexico?f_ri=57433"},{"id":419478,"name":"LARGEMOUTH BASS","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/LARGEMOUTH_BASS?f_ri=57433"},{"id":900440,"name":"Food Habit","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Habit?f_ri=57433"},{"id":2595864,"name":"Micropterus salmoides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Micropterus_salmoides?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_63324572" data-work_id="63324572" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/63324572/Composi_o_bromatol_gica_de_silagens_de_milho_produzidas_com_diferentes_densidades_de_compacta_o">Composi��o bromatol�gica de silagens de milho produzidas com diferentes densidades de compacta��o</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">RESUMO-O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento completamente casualizado com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da densidade de compactação, 500 kg (médio) e 600 kg (alto) de matéria verde por metro cúbico de massa ensilada, na qualidade... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_63324572" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">RESUMO-O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento completamente casualizado com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da densidade de compactação, 500 kg (médio) e 600 kg (alto) de matéria verde por metro cúbico de massa ensilada, na qualidade final da silagem em relação ao material original. A ensilagem de milho safrinha foi realizada no dia 18/05/2004 em minissilos, com quatro repetições por grau de compactação, quando os grãos de milho se encontravam no estádio ½ leitoso ½ farináceo. As densidades de compactação afetaram significativamente os teores de açúcares solúveis (1,60 × 2,15% da MS), matéria orgânica do resíduo insolúvel em etanol a 80% (76,02 × 71,53% da MS), carboidratos não-estruturais (39,21 × 41,70% dos carboidratos totais), fibra em detergente neutro corrigida para cinzas e proteína (52,57 × 50,37% da MS), lignina em detergente ácido (2,74 × 2,57% da MS) e nitrogênio amoniacal (4,35 × 3,84% do nitrogênio total). A maior densidade de compactação resultou em melhor conservação dos glicídios solúveis, em menor alteração dos carboidratos estruturais e em menor proteólise na silagem de milho. Palavras-chave: amido, carboidrato, estádio de maturação, FDN, proteína, NDT Chemical composition of maize silages with different packing densities ABSTRACT-The experiment in a complete randomized design aimed to test the effect of two packing densities, 500 kg (medium) and 600 kg (high) of silage mass per cubic meter, on silage quality as compared to the original fresh material. Silages were prepared on May 18 th , 2004 from a late season harvest of a maize crop at the half milky half dough kernel stage. Chopped materials with 1.2 cm theoretical particle size were packed manually in 30 liters mini-silos, in four replicates for each packing density, immediately after harvest. The different packing densities affected significantly the concentration of soluble sugars (1.60 vs. 2.15% of DM), 80% ethanol insoluble organic matter (76.02 vs. 71.53% of DM), non-structural carbohydrates (39.21 vs. 41.70% of total carbohydrates), neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (52.57 vs. 50.37% of DM), acid detergent lignin (2.74 vs. 2.57% of DM), and ammonia-nitrogen (4.35 vs. 3.84% of total nitrogen), respectively, for the "medium" and "high" packing densities. A higher ensiling packing density improved the conservation of soluble sugars, altered less the structural carbohydrates and reduced proteolysis in maize silage.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/63324572" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="63b9099c5c37cfcd9baf0eb29ac58c5b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":75792487,"asset_id":63324572,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75792487/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="39562268" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TeresaCristinaMoraesGenro">Teresa Cristina Moraes Genro</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="39562268" type="text/json">{"id":39562268,"first_name":"Teresa Cristina Moraes","last_name":"Genro","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TeresaCristinaMoraesGenro","display_name":"Teresa Cristina Moraes Genro","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TeresaCristinaMoraesGenro?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_63324572 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="63324572"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 63324572, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_63324572", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=63324572]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_63324572").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_63324572").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="63324572"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality">Seasonality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="57433" type="text/json">{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="390245" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Size">Particle Size</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="390245" type="text/json">{"id":390245,"name":"Particle Size","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Size?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=63324572]'), work: {"id":63324572,"title":"Composi��o bromatol�gica de silagens de milho produzidas com diferentes densidades de compacta��o","created_at":"2021-12-06T03:23:20.707-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/63324572/Composi_o_bromatol_gica_de_silagens_de_milho_produzidas_com_diferentes_densidades_de_compacta_o?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_63324572","summary":"RESUMO-O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento completamente casualizado com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da densidade de compactação, 500 kg (médio) e 600 kg (alto) de matéria verde por metro cúbico de massa ensilada, na qualidade final da silagem em relação ao material original. A ensilagem de milho safrinha foi realizada no dia 18/05/2004 em minissilos, com quatro repetições por grau de compactação, quando os grãos de milho se encontravam no estádio ½ leitoso ½ farináceo. As densidades de compactação afetaram significativamente os teores de açúcares solúveis (1,60 × 2,15% da MS), matéria orgânica do resíduo insolúvel em etanol a 80% (76,02 × 71,53% da MS), carboidratos não-estruturais (39,21 × 41,70% dos carboidratos totais), fibra em detergente neutro corrigida para cinzas e proteína (52,57 × 50,37% da MS), lignina em detergente ácido (2,74 × 2,57% da MS) e nitrogênio amoniacal (4,35 × 3,84% do nitrogênio total). A maior densidade de compactação resultou em melhor conservação dos glicídios solúveis, em menor alteração dos carboidratos estruturais e em menor proteólise na silagem de milho. Palavras-chave: amido, carboidrato, estádio de maturação, FDN, proteína, NDT Chemical composition of maize silages with different packing densities ABSTRACT-The experiment in a complete randomized design aimed to test the effect of two packing densities, 500 kg (medium) and 600 kg (high) of silage mass per cubic meter, on silage quality as compared to the original fresh material. Silages were prepared on May 18 th , 2004 from a late season harvest of a maize crop at the half milky half dough kernel stage. Chopped materials with 1.2 cm theoretical particle size were packed manually in 30 liters mini-silos, in four replicates for each packing density, immediately after harvest. The different packing densities affected significantly the concentration of soluble sugars (1.60 vs. 2.15% of DM), 80% ethanol insoluble organic matter (76.02 vs. 71.53% of DM), non-structural carbohydrates (39.21 vs. 41.70% of total carbohydrates), neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (52.57 vs. 50.37% of DM), acid detergent lignin (2.74 vs. 2.57% of DM), and ammonia-nitrogen (4.35 vs. 3.84% of total nitrogen), respectively, for the \"medium\" and \"high\" packing densities. A higher ensiling packing density improved the conservation of soluble sugars, altered less the structural carbohydrates and reduced proteolysis in maize silage.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":75792487,"asset_id":63324572,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":39562268,"first_name":"Teresa Cristina Moraes","last_name":"Genro","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TeresaCristinaMoraesGenro","display_name":"Teresa Cristina Moraes Genro","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TeresaCristinaMoraesGenro?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":390245,"name":"Particle Size","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Size?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_55649629" data-work_id="55649629" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/55649629/Low_cost_airlines_airport_and_tourism_The_case_of_Faro_Airport">Low cost airlines, airport and tourism. The case of Faro Airport</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Airport infrastructures play an important role in the heart of the regions in which they are located, as well as in certain sectors of activity, such as tourism. In recent years, their positioning has been altered from a passive attitude... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_55649629" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Airport infrastructures play an important role in the heart of the regions in which they are located, as well as in certain sectors of activity, such as tourism. In recent years, their positioning has been altered from a passive attitude to an active attitude due to new market demands and new trends which have arisen in associated sectors, such as the air transport sector. The 1997 deregulation of air transport in Europe led to major changes on the way people travel, with the inception of low cost and an increase in destinations in European air services. One of the most interesting results of deregulation, was caused by the fact that the low cost airlines appeared on the market with a business model distinct from the traditional scheduled and charter airlines, allowing for the opening up of new airports and new tourist destinations. Those airlines are also responsible for some of the main changes in the airports operations and market positioning. The increase in routes and frequencies offered by these airlines enabled the emergence of new tourist destinations in Europe that spread, later on, to other places all over the world. The ease of purchasing an airline ticket online, and the availability of attractive routes at affordable prices has allowed the development of new market segments, such as second home tourism. One of the main impacts of low cost operations has been the changing of airport's structures, mainly to the ones that traditionally received charter flights. Faro airport is an excellent example of this. During the last decades Faro's main operations depended on charter flights, operating on a seasonal basis and few frequencies a week. In 1996 charter passengers represented about 85,3% of Faro airport's users but in 2010 this came down to represent less than 20%. In contrast, low cost passengers represented in 1996 about 1,2% of Faro airport's users and almost 70% in 2010.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/55649629" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f68f79a7fa0afc2f88828a3f94cdf0c1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":71421923,"asset_id":55649629,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/71421923/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34737766" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ClaudiaAlmeida23">Claudia Almeida</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34737766" type="text/json">{"id":34737766,"first_name":"Claudia","last_name":"Almeida","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ClaudiaAlmeida23","display_name":"Claudia Almeida","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ClaudiaAlmeida23?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_55649629 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="55649629"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 55649629, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_55649629", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=55649629]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_55649629").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_55649629").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="55649629"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3170" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Air_Transport">Air Transport</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3170" type="text/json">{"id":3170,"name":"Air Transport","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Air_Transport?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28477" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Market_Segmentation">Market Segmentation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28477" type="text/json">{"id":28477,"name":"Market Segmentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Market_Segmentation?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="55293" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Air_traffic_control">Air traffic control</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="55293" type="text/json">{"id":55293,"name":"Air traffic control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Air_traffic_control?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality">Seasonality</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="57433" type="text/json">{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=55649629]'), work: {"id":55649629,"title":"Low cost airlines, airport and tourism. The case of Faro Airport","created_at":"2021-10-05T08:21:50.386-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/55649629/Low_cost_airlines_airport_and_tourism_The_case_of_Faro_Airport?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_55649629","summary":"Airport infrastructures play an important role in the heart of the regions in which they are located, as well as in certain sectors of activity, such as tourism. In recent years, their positioning has been altered from a passive attitude to an active attitude due to new market demands and new trends which have arisen in associated sectors, such as the air transport sector. The 1997 deregulation of air transport in Europe led to major changes on the way people travel, with the inception of low cost and an increase in destinations in European air services. One of the most interesting results of deregulation, was caused by the fact that the low cost airlines appeared on the market with a business model distinct from the traditional scheduled and charter airlines, allowing for the opening up of new airports and new tourist destinations. Those airlines are also responsible for some of the main changes in the airports operations and market positioning. The increase in routes and frequencies offered by these airlines enabled the emergence of new tourist destinations in Europe that spread, later on, to other places all over the world. The ease of purchasing an airline ticket online, and the availability of attractive routes at affordable prices has allowed the development of new market segments, such as second home tourism. One of the main impacts of low cost operations has been the changing of airport's structures, mainly to the ones that traditionally received charter flights. Faro airport is an excellent example of this. During the last decades Faro's main operations depended on charter flights, operating on a seasonal basis and few frequencies a week. In 1996 charter passengers represented about 85,3% of Faro airport's users but in 2010 this came down to represent less than 20%. In contrast, low cost passengers represented in 1996 about 1,2% of Faro airport's users and almost 70% in 2010.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":71421923,"asset_id":55649629,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34737766,"first_name":"Claudia","last_name":"Almeida","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ClaudiaAlmeida23","display_name":"Claudia Almeida","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ClaudiaAlmeida23?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3170,"name":"Air Transport","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Air_Transport?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":28477,"name":"Market Segmentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Market_Segmentation?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":55293,"name":"Air traffic control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Air_traffic_control?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":128433,"name":"Business Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_Model?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_47890764" data-work_id="47890764" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/47890764/Patterns_of_seasonal_dynamics_of_remotely_sensed_chlorophyll_and_physical_environment_in_the_Newfoundland_region">Patterns of seasonal dynamics of remotely sensed chlorophyll and physical environment in the Newfoundland region</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The patterns of seasonal variation of surface plant pigment concentration (Chl) in the Newfoundland Region were studied using the remotely sensed data from CZCS (1978CZCS ( -1986 and SeaWiFS radiometers (from September 1997 to October... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_47890764" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The patterns of seasonal variation of surface plant pigment concentration (Chl) in the Newfoundland Region were studied using the remotely sensed data from CZCS (1978CZCS ( -1986 and SeaWiFS radiometers (from September 1997 to October 1999. Sea Surface Temperature (SST) data obtained from AVHRR radiometers and Sea Surface Height (SSH) data obtained from TOPEX/POSEIDON altimeter were used then to interprete the observed patterns in terms of physical factors which influence the growth of phytoplankton . Stable seasonal cycles of both SST and Chl were observed in all parts of the region under study (Labrador Current, Newfoundland Bank, Flemish Pass, frontal zone between Gulf Stream and Labrador Current).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/47890764" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a26d1bda1565a75a8db8d3cad67a06c7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66783956,"asset_id":47890764,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66783956/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="80004074" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NNezlin">Nikolay Nezlin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="80004074" type="text/json">{"id":80004074,"first_name":"Nikolay","last_name":"Nezlin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NNezlin","display_name":"Nikolay Nezlin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NNezlin?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/80004074/144824941/134352022/s65_nikolay.nezlin.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_47890764 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="47890764"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 47890764, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_47890764", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=47890764]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_47890764").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_47890764").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="47890764"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1252" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Remote_Sensing">Remote Sensing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1252" type="text/json">{"id":1252,"name":"Remote Sensing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Remote_Sensing?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25436" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stratification">Stratification</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25436" type="text/json">{"id":25436,"name":"Stratification","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stratification?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="31945" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sea_surface_temperature">Sea surface temperature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="31945" type="text/json">{"id":31945,"name":"Sea surface temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sea_surface_temperature?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality">Seasonality</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="57433" type="text/json">{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=47890764]'), work: {"id":47890764,"title":"Patterns of seasonal dynamics of remotely sensed chlorophyll and physical environment in the Newfoundland region","created_at":"2021-05-02T19:01:25.500-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/47890764/Patterns_of_seasonal_dynamics_of_remotely_sensed_chlorophyll_and_physical_environment_in_the_Newfoundland_region?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_47890764","summary":"The patterns of seasonal variation of surface plant pigment concentration (Chl) in the Newfoundland Region were studied using the remotely sensed data from CZCS (1978CZCS ( -1986 and SeaWiFS radiometers (from September 1997 to October 1999. Sea Surface Temperature (SST) data obtained from AVHRR radiometers and Sea Surface Height (SSH) data obtained from TOPEX/POSEIDON altimeter were used then to interprete the observed patterns in terms of physical factors which influence the growth of phytoplankton . Stable seasonal cycles of both SST and Chl were observed in all parts of the region under study (Labrador Current, Newfoundland Bank, Flemish Pass, frontal zone between Gulf Stream and Labrador Current).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66783956,"asset_id":47890764,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":80004074,"first_name":"Nikolay","last_name":"Nezlin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NNezlin","display_name":"Nikolay Nezlin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NNezlin?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/80004074/144824941/134352022/s65_nikolay.nezlin.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1252,"name":"Remote Sensing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Remote_Sensing?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":25436,"name":"Stratification","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stratification?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":31945,"name":"Sea surface temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sea_surface_temperature?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":154926,"name":"Nutrient Limitation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutrient_Limitation?f_ri=57433"},{"id":162010,"name":"Geomatic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geomatic_Engineering?f_ri=57433"},{"id":222432,"name":"Seasonal variation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonal_variation?f_ri=57433"},{"id":575534,"name":"Physical Environment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_Environment?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1140559,"name":"Field of View","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Field_of_View?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1227452,"name":"Seasonal Dynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonal_Dynamics?f_ri=57433"},{"id":2489147,"name":"Sea Surface Height","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sea_Surface_Height?f_ri=57433"},{"id":2803434,"name":"Seasonal Cycle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonal_Cycle?f_ri=57433"},{"id":3867094,"name":"remote sensing data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/remote_sensing_data?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_46439269" data-work_id="46439269" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/46439269/Responses_of_the_stratified_flows_to_their_driving_conditions_A_field_study">Responses of the stratified flows to their driving conditions—A field study</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/46439269" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="72500380" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Is%C4%B1khanGULER">Isıkhan GULER</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="72500380" type="text/json">{"id":72500380,"first_name":"Isıkhan","last_name":"GULER","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IsıkhanGULER","display_name":"Isıkhan GULER","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Is%C4%B1khanGULER?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/72500380/25984569/24626040/s65_is_khan.guler.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_46439269 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="46439269"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 46439269, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_46439269", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_46439269 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 46439269; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = 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style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="46439269"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering">Civil Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73" type="text/json">{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="81" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ocean_Engineering">Ocean Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="81" type="text/json">{"id":81,"name":"Ocean Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ocean_Engineering?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality">Seasonality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="57433" type="text/json">{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="134167" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marmara_Sea">Marmara Sea</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="134167" type="text/json">{"id":134167,"name":"Marmara Sea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marmara_Sea?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=46439269]'), work: {"id":46439269,"title":"Responses of the stratified flows to their driving conditions—A field study","created_at":"2021-04-10T00:58:34.779-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/46439269/Responses_of_the_stratified_flows_to_their_driving_conditions_A_field_study?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_46439269","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":72500380,"first_name":"Isıkhan","last_name":"GULER","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IsıkhanGULER","display_name":"Isıkhan GULER","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Is%C4%B1khanGULER?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/72500380/25984569/24626040/s65_is_khan.guler.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":81,"name":"Ocean Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ocean_Engineering?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":134167,"name":"Marmara Sea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marmara_Sea?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":148176,"name":"Atmospheric Pressure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atmospheric_Pressure?f_ri=57433"},{"id":239810,"name":"Field Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Field_Study?f_ri=57433"},{"id":404000,"name":"Cross Section","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross_Section?f_ri=57433"},{"id":471104,"name":"Maritime Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maritime_Engineering?f_ri=57433"},{"id":877207,"name":"Water Level","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Level?f_ri=57433"},{"id":891612,"name":"Flow Pattern","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flow_Pattern?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45548852" data-work_id="45548852" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45548852/Micropropagation_of_mother_plants_of_lucerne_Medicago_sativa_L_for_somatic_embryogenesis">Micropropagation of mother plants of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) for somatic embryogenesis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A reliable and standard method was established for micropropagation of the A70-34 selected genotype of lucerne (Medicago sativa L ., genotype A70-34), aimed at reducing contamination problems, seasonal and phenological influences on... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45548852" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A reliable and standard method was established for micropropagation of the A70-34 selected genotype of lucerne (Medicago sativa L ., genotype A70-34), aimed at reducing contamination problems, seasonal and phenological influences on regeneration and phytosanitary problems of the mother plants, while maintaining the regenerative potential for somatic embryogenesis of the plant tissues . Mother plants were routinely maintained for several subcultures and somatic embryogenesis was regularly obtained from the subcultured explants . Proliferation, rooting and embryogenetic ability of plants cultured for 30 days was greater than those cultured for 20 days . The regenerative potential of tissues from different organs and of triturated and intact whole plants was also tested . Petioles were confirmed as the best source for embryogenesis as far as efficiency and repeatability were concerned, even though regeneration from other explant types was also achieved . Production of somatic embryos through mechanical trituration of the in vitro cultured plants was obtained ; the regeneration ability of the triturated plants was greater than that observed in the intact plants .</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45548852" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="af8ead8f95b4c1c31851a04fefb698db" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66027090,"asset_id":45548852,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66027090/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="181245953" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EmanuelePiccioni1">Emanuele Piccioni</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="181245953" type="text/json">{"id":181245953,"first_name":"Emanuele","last_name":"Piccioni","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EmanuelePiccioni1","display_name":"Emanuele Piccioni","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EmanuelePiccioni1?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45548852 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45548852"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45548852, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45548852", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45548852]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_45548852").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_45548852").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="45548852"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="923" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology">Technology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="923" type="text/json">{"id":923,"name":"Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47884" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences">Biological Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47884" type="text/json">{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality">Seasonality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="57433" type="text/json">{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="143511" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Somatic_Embryogenesis">Somatic Embryogenesis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="143511" type="text/json">{"id":143511,"name":"Somatic Embryogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Somatic_Embryogenesis?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=45548852]'), work: {"id":45548852,"title":"Micropropagation of mother plants of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) for somatic embryogenesis","created_at":"2021-03-16T00:20:23.532-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/45548852/Micropropagation_of_mother_plants_of_lucerne_Medicago_sativa_L_for_somatic_embryogenesis?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_45548852","summary":"A reliable and standard method was established for micropropagation of the A70-34 selected genotype of lucerne (Medicago sativa L ., genotype A70-34), aimed at reducing contamination problems, seasonal and phenological influences on regeneration and phytosanitary problems of the mother plants, while maintaining the regenerative potential for somatic embryogenesis of the plant tissues . Mother plants were routinely maintained for several subcultures and somatic embryogenesis was regularly obtained from the subcultured explants . Proliferation, rooting and embryogenetic ability of plants cultured for 30 days was greater than those cultured for 20 days . The regenerative potential of tissues from different organs and of triturated and intact whole plants was also tested . Petioles were confirmed as the best source for embryogenesis as far as efficiency and repeatability were concerned, even though regeneration from other explant types was also achieved . Production of somatic embryos through mechanical trituration of the in vitro cultured plants was obtained ; the regeneration ability of the triturated plants was greater than that observed in the intact plants .","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66027090,"asset_id":45548852,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":181245953,"first_name":"Emanuele","last_name":"Piccioni","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EmanuelePiccioni1","display_name":"Emanuele Piccioni","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EmanuelePiccioni1?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":923,"name":"Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":143511,"name":"Somatic Embryogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Somatic_Embryogenesis?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":413750,"name":"In vitro culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/In_vitro_culture?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1027717,"name":"Embryos","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Embryos?f_ri=57433"},{"id":2501166,"name":"Medicago sativa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicago_sativa?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33484452" data-work_id="33484452" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33484452/A_comprehensive_model_of_the_quiet_time_near_Earth_magnetic_field_phase_3">A comprehensive model of the quiet-time, near-Earth magnetic field: phase 3</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33484452" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f34dade953acc81aef1c84738c4290ea" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53526039,"asset_id":33484452,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53526039/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="29614691" href="https://independent.academia.edu/OlsenNils">Nils Olsen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="29614691" type="text/json">{"id":29614691,"first_name":"Nils","last_name":"Olsen","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"OlsenNils","display_name":"Nils Olsen","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/OlsenNils?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/29614691/77137284/65670641/s65_nils.olsen.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33484452 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33484452"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33484452, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33484452", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33484452]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_33484452").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_33484452").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33484452"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="406" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geology">Geology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="406" type="text/json">{"id":406,"name":"Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="409" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geophysics">Geophysics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="409" type="text/json">{"id":409,"name":"Geophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geophysics?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="34754" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_field">Magnetic field</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="34754" type="text/json">{"id":34754,"name":"Magnetic field","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_field?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality">Seasonality</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="57433" type="text/json">{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33484452]'), work: {"id":33484452,"title":"A comprehensive model of the quiet-time, near-Earth magnetic field: phase 3","created_at":"2017-06-15T08:57:44.803-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/33484452/A_comprehensive_model_of_the_quiet_time_near_Earth_magnetic_field_phase_3?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_33484452","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53526039,"asset_id":33484452,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":29614691,"first_name":"Nils","last_name":"Olsen","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"OlsenNils","display_name":"Nils Olsen","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/OlsenNils?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/29614691/77137284/65670641/s65_nils.olsen.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":406,"name":"Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":409,"name":"Geophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geophysics?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":34754,"name":"Magnetic field","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_field?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":60580,"name":"Ionosphere","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ionosphere?f_ri=57433"},{"id":60582,"name":"Magnetosphere","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetosphere?f_ri=57433"},{"id":128634,"name":"Electromagnetic Induction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetic_Induction?f_ri=57433"},{"id":162010,"name":"Geomatic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geomatic_Engineering?f_ri=57433"},{"id":411513,"name":"Geophysical","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geophysical?f_ri=57433"},{"id":668253,"name":"Lithosphere","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lithosphere?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3123764 coauthored" data-work_id="3123764" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3123764/Seasonal_ecosystem_variability_in_remote_mountain_lakes_implications_for_detecting_climatic_signals_in_sediment_records">Seasonal ecosystem variability in remote mountain lakes: implications for detecting climatic signals in sediment records</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Weather variation and climate fluctuations are the main sources of ecosystem variability in remote mountain lakes. Here we describe the main patterns of seasonal variability in the ecosystems of nine lakes in Europe, and discuss the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3123764" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Weather variation and climate fluctuations are the main sources of ecosystem variability in remote mountain lakes. Here we describe the main patterns of seasonal variability in the ecosystems of nine lakes in Europe, and discuss the implications for recording climatic features in their sediments. Despite the diversity in latitude and size, the lakes showed a number of common features. They were ice-covered between 5-9 months, and all but one were dimictic. This particular lake was long and shallow, and wind action episodically mixed the water column throughout the ice-free period. All lakes showed characteristic oxygen depletion during the ice-covered-period, which was greater in the most productive lakes. Two types of lakes were distinguished according to the number of production peaks during the ice-free season. Lakes with longer summer stratification tended to have two productive periods: This is the third of 11 papers published in this special issue on the palaeolimnology of remote mountain lakes in Europe resulting from the MOLAR project funded by the European Union. The guest editor was Richard W. Battarbee.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3123764" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="55619cc88fbe8e4d04700d2b13ce6f64" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50448130,"asset_id":3123764,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50448130/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3585752" href="https://csic.academia.edu/JordiCatalan">Jordi Catalan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3585752" type="text/json">{"id":3585752,"first_name":"Jordi","last_name":"Catalan","domain_name":"csic","page_name":"JordiCatalan","display_name":"Jordi Catalan","profile_url":"https://csic.academia.edu/JordiCatalan?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-3123764">+5</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-3123764"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/IGranados1">I. Granados</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://cedex.academia.edu/ManuelToro">Manuel Toro</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/AntonBrancelj">Anton Brancelj</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://csic.academia.edu/MarcVentura">Marc Ventura</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/AtteKorhola">Atte Korhola</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-3123764'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-3123764').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3123764 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3123764"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3123764, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3123764", }); 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Here we describe the main patterns of seasonal variability in the ecosystems of nine lakes in Europe, and discuss the implications for recording climatic features in their sediments. Despite the diversity in latitude and size, the lakes showed a number of common features. They were ice-covered between 5-9 months, and all but one were dimictic. This particular lake was long and shallow, and wind action episodically mixed the water column throughout the ice-free period. All lakes showed characteristic oxygen depletion during the ice-covered-period, which was greater in the most productive lakes. Two types of lakes were distinguished according to the number of production peaks during the ice-free season. Lakes with longer summer stratification tended to have two productive periods: This is the third of 11 papers published in this special issue on the palaeolimnology of remote mountain lakes in Europe resulting from the MOLAR project funded by the European Union. The guest editor was Richard W. Battarbee.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50448130,"asset_id":3123764,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3585752,"first_name":"Jordi","last_name":"Catalan","domain_name":"csic","page_name":"JordiCatalan","display_name":"Jordi Catalan","profile_url":"https://csic.academia.edu/JordiCatalan?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":32357337,"first_name":"I.","last_name":"Granados","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IGranados1","display_name":"I. 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Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atmospheric_Science?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality">Seasonality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="57433" type="text/json">{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="187402" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross_Validation">Cross Validation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="187402" type="text/json">{"id":187402,"name":"Cross Validation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross_Validation?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="335361" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infrared">Infrared</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="335361" 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Ahn","profile_url":"https://gmu.academia.edu/ChangwooAhn?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2442,"name":"Atmospheric Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atmospheric_Science?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":187402,"name":"Cross Validation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross_Validation?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":335361,"name":"Infrared","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infrared?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":380824,"name":"Ozone","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ozone?f_ri=57433"},{"id":604200,"name":"Spatial resolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_resolution?f_ri=57433"},{"id":758278,"name":"Large Scale","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Large_Scale?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5456507" data-work_id="5456507" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5456507/Grazing_behavior_and_energy_expenditure_by_sheep_and_goats_co_grazing_grass_forb_pastures_at_three_stocking_rates">Grazing behavior and energy expenditure by sheep and goats co-grazing grass/forb pastures at three stocking rates</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A study was conducted to assess effects of stocking rate (SR) on grazing behavior and energy expenditure (EE) by growing sheep and goat wethers co-grazing grass/forb pastures. Grazing was for 16-week periods in 2002 and 2003. Pastures... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5456507" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A study was conducted to assess effects of stocking rate (SR) on grazing behavior and energy expenditure (EE) by growing sheep and goat wethers co-grazing grass/forb pastures. Grazing was for 16-week periods in 2002 and 2003. Pastures consisted of various grasses, primarily bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) and johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense), and forbs (e.g., ragweed; Ambrosia spp.). Sheep (Khatadin) and goats (≥75% Boer) averaged 21 ± 0.7 and 21 ± 0.5 kg initial BW, respectively, and were 4-5 months of age when grazing began. Stocking rates were four (SR4), six (SR6), and eight (SR8) animals per 0.4-ha pasture, with equal numbers of sheep and goats. The nine pastures (three/treatment) were divided into four paddocks that were rotationally grazed in 2-week periods. In weeks 3, 8, and 13 of both years, EE was determined on one goat and one sheep in each pasture via heart rate. In the same weeks, behavioral observations (position and activity) were made every 30 min of 13.5 h of daylight on two goats and two sheep in each pasture. Grazing behavior using IGER Grazing Behavior Monitoring System units was also measured over 24-h periods on animals used for EE measurement. Based on visual observations, grazing (52.7, 57.1, and 61.4%) and standing time (61.1, 66.3, and 69.8%) increased and idle time in daylight (24.2, 21.1, and 15.9% for SR4, SR6, and SR8, respectively) decreased linearly (P < 0.05) as SR increased. Species interacted (P < 0.05) with year in daylight time spent standing and ruminating. Grazing time during daylight was similar between species (56.1 and 58.0% for sheep and goats, respectively), although idle time was greater (P < 0.05) for goats (23.6% versus 17.2%; S.E. = 1.41). Time spent ruminating in daylight was similar among SR but was greater for sheep in year 2 but not year 1 (year 1, 22.3% versus 19.0%; year 2, 27.8% versus 15.1% for sheep and goats, respectively; S.E. = 1.44). Based on the IGER units, the number of steps increased linearly (P < 0.05) with increasing SR (2279, 2707, and 2788 for SR4, SR6, and SR8, respectively (S.E. = 96.4)), but was similar for the two species. As SR increased, time spent eating increased (7.4, 8.4, and 9.6 h) and time spent lying (11.0, 10.2, and 8.9 h), G. Animut et al. / Small Ruminant Research 59 (2005) 191-201 ruminating (7.9, 7.7, and 6.8 h), and idle (8.6, 8.0, and 7.6 h for SR4, SR6, and SR8, respectively) decreased (P < 0.05). Goats spent less time eating (1.1 h) and more time idle (0.7 h) than did sheep (P < 0.05). SR, species, and year interacted (P < 0.05) in EE of wethers (year 1, sheep: 510, 569, and 572 kJ/kg BW 0.75 ; year 2, sheep: 572, 597, and 648 kJ/kg BW 0.75 ; year 1, goat: 524, 524, and 640 kJ/kg BW 0.75 ; year 2, goat: 499, 496, and 551 kJ/kg BW 0.75 for SR4, SR6, and SR8, respectively; S.E. = 17.0). In summary, influences of SR on grazing time and EE can vary with grazing season. With forage conditions of this study, SR had similar effects on grazing behavior of sheep and goats when co-grazing. Effects of SR on EE may contribute to impact on ADG by small ruminants.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5456507" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ca2039befe687478188bf36224416a92" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49285270,"asset_id":5456507,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49285270/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7653309" href="https://langston.academia.edu/TerryGipson">Terry Gipson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7653309" type="text/json">{"id":7653309,"first_name":"Terry","last_name":"Gipson","domain_name":"langston","page_name":"TerryGipson","display_name":"Terry Gipson","profile_url":"https://langston.academia.edu/TerryGipson?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5456507 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5456507"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5456507, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5456507", }); 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Grazing was for 16-week periods in 2002 and 2003. Pastures consisted of various grasses, primarily bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) and johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense), and forbs (e.g., ragweed; Ambrosia spp.). Sheep (Khatadin) and goats (≥75% Boer) averaged 21 ± 0.7 and 21 ± 0.5 kg initial BW, respectively, and were 4-5 months of age when grazing began. Stocking rates were four (SR4), six (SR6), and eight (SR8) animals per 0.4-ha pasture, with equal numbers of sheep and goats. The nine pastures (three/treatment) were divided into four paddocks that were rotationally grazed in 2-week periods. In weeks 3, 8, and 13 of both years, EE was determined on one goat and one sheep in each pasture via heart rate. In the same weeks, behavioral observations (position and activity) were made every 30 min of 13.5 h of daylight on two goats and two sheep in each pasture. Grazing behavior using IGER Grazing Behavior Monitoring System units was also measured over 24-h periods on animals used for EE measurement. Based on visual observations, grazing (52.7, 57.1, and 61.4%) and standing time (61.1, 66.3, and 69.8%) increased and idle time in daylight (24.2, 21.1, and 15.9% for SR4, SR6, and SR8, respectively) decreased linearly (P \u003c 0.05) as SR increased. Species interacted (P \u003c 0.05) with year in daylight time spent standing and ruminating. Grazing time during daylight was similar between species (56.1 and 58.0% for sheep and goats, respectively), although idle time was greater (P \u003c 0.05) for goats (23.6% versus 17.2%; S.E. = 1.41). Time spent ruminating in daylight was similar among SR but was greater for sheep in year 2 but not year 1 (year 1, 22.3% versus 19.0%; year 2, 27.8% versus 15.1% for sheep and goats, respectively; S.E. = 1.44). Based on the IGER units, the number of steps increased linearly (P \u003c 0.05) with increasing SR (2279, 2707, and 2788 for SR4, SR6, and SR8, respectively (S.E. = 96.4)), but was similar for the two species. As SR increased, time spent eating increased (7.4, 8.4, and 9.6 h) and time spent lying (11.0, 10.2, and 8.9 h), G. Animut et al. / Small Ruminant Research 59 (2005) 191-201 ruminating (7.9, 7.7, and 6.8 h), and idle (8.6, 8.0, and 7.6 h for SR4, SR6, and SR8, respectively) decreased (P \u003c 0.05). Goats spent less time eating (1.1 h) and more time idle (0.7 h) than did sheep (P \u003c 0.05). SR, species, and year interacted (P \u003c 0.05) in EE of wethers (year 1, sheep: 510, 569, and 572 kJ/kg BW 0.75 ; year 2, sheep: 572, 597, and 648 kJ/kg BW 0.75 ; year 1, goat: 524, 524, and 640 kJ/kg BW 0.75 ; year 2, goat: 499, 496, and 551 kJ/kg BW 0.75 for SR4, SR6, and SR8, respectively; S.E. = 17.0). In summary, influences of SR on grazing time and EE can vary with grazing season. With forage conditions of this study, SR had similar effects on grazing behavior of sheep and goats when co-grazing. Effects of SR on EE may contribute to impact on ADG by small ruminants.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49285270,"asset_id":5456507,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7653309,"first_name":"Terry","last_name":"Gipson","domain_name":"langston","page_name":"TerryGipson","display_name":"Terry Gipson","profile_url":"https://langston.academia.edu/TerryGipson?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":29980,"name":"Animal Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Production?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":87394,"name":"Sorghum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sorghum?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":131298,"name":"Heart rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heart_rate?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":184304,"name":"Energy Expenditure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Expenditure?f_ri=57433"},{"id":303180,"name":"Small Ruminant Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Small_Ruminant_Production?f_ri=57433"},{"id":684370,"name":"Cynodon Dactylon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cynodon_Dactylon?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1003601,"name":"Monitoring System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monitoring_System?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6269895" data-work_id="6269895" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6269895/Performance_analysis_of_an_integrated_UFAD_and_radiant_hydronic_slab_system">Performance analysis of an integrated UFAD and radiant hydronic slab system</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this paper, an EnergyPlus model was used to simulate the operation of a novel integrated HVAC system. This system combines an underfloor air distribution system with a cooled radiant ceiling slab. A cooling tower supplies water to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6269895" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this paper, an EnergyPlus model was used to simulate the operation of a novel integrated HVAC system. This system combines an underfloor air distribution system with a cooled radiant ceiling slab. A cooling tower supplies water to pre-cool the structural slabs during the night and early morning period. The paper compares the performance of this system to both a typical overhead system and a typical UFAD system in the cooling season for the Sacramento, California climate. When compared to the overhead system, the integrated UFAD/Radiant system shows a 22-23% reduction in total energy consumption during the peak cooling months (June to August) and a 31% reduction in peak hourly electricity demand. When compared to the UFAD system, these reductions are 21-22% and 24% respectively. An investigation of the simulation results showed that the integrated UFAD/Radiant system also improves occupant thermal comfort and reduces thermal decay issues in the underfloor plenum.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6269895" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7c9a9d376c2c5a47799dbae3147fb41e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48939357,"asset_id":6269895,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48939357/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9680507" href="https://berkeley.academia.edu/PaulRaftery">Paul Raftery</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9680507" type="text/json">{"id":9680507,"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Raftery","domain_name":"berkeley","page_name":"PaulRaftery","display_name":"Paul Raftery","profile_url":"https://berkeley.academia.edu/PaulRaftery?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9680507/6191825/7015373/s65_paul.raftery.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6269895 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6269895"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6269895, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6269895", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6269895]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6269895").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6269895").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6269895"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="724" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics">Economics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="724" type="text/json">{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11397" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Consumption">Energy Consumption</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11397" type="text/json">{"id":11397,"name":"Energy Consumption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Consumption?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22686" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distributed_System">Distributed System</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="22686" type="text/json">{"id":22686,"name":"Distributed System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distributed_System?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6269895]'), work: {"id":6269895,"title":"Performance analysis of an integrated UFAD and radiant hydronic slab system","created_at":"2014-03-03T01:55:28.539-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6269895/Performance_analysis_of_an_integrated_UFAD_and_radiant_hydronic_slab_system?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_6269895","summary":"In this paper, an EnergyPlus model was used to simulate the operation of a novel integrated HVAC system. This system combines an underfloor air distribution system with a cooled radiant ceiling slab. A cooling tower supplies water to pre-cool the structural slabs during the night and early morning period. The paper compares the performance of this system to both a typical overhead system and a typical UFAD system in the cooling season for the Sacramento, California climate. When compared to the overhead system, the integrated UFAD/Radiant system shows a 22-23% reduction in total energy consumption during the peak cooling months (June to August) and a 31% reduction in peak hourly electricity demand. When compared to the UFAD system, these reductions are 21-22% and 24% respectively. An investigation of the simulation results showed that the integrated UFAD/Radiant system also improves occupant thermal comfort and reduces thermal decay issues in the underfloor plenum.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48939357,"asset_id":6269895,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9680507,"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Raftery","domain_name":"berkeley","page_name":"PaulRaftery","display_name":"Paul Raftery","profile_url":"https://berkeley.academia.edu/PaulRaftery?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9680507/6191825/7015373/s65_paul.raftery.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":11397,"name":"Energy Consumption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Consumption?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":22686,"name":"Distributed System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distributed_System?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":51212,"name":"Performance Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Performance_Analysis?f_ri=57433"},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433"},{"id":154596,"name":"Thermal comfort","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_comfort?f_ri=57433"},{"id":265777,"name":"Cooling Tower","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cooling_Tower?f_ri=57433"},{"id":319473,"name":"Hvac System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hvac_System?f_ri=57433"},{"id":438802,"name":"Applied Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Energy?f_ri=57433"},{"id":740076,"name":"Energy Performance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Performance?f_ri=57433"},{"id":745537,"name":"Thermal Activation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Activation?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8040614" data-work_id="8040614" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8040614/Frequency_of_Bay_of_Bengal_cyclonic_storms_and_depressions_crossing_different_coastal_zones">Frequency of Bay of Bengal cyclonic storms and depressions crossing different coastal zones</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">All the storms and depressions that formed in the Bay of Bengal during 1974–99 have been analysed. The number of occurrences in July is not in harmony with that of other months of the monsoon. Regions stricken are taken into account on a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_8040614" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">All the storms and depressions that formed in the Bay of Bengal during 1974–99 have been analysed. The number of occurrences in July is not in harmony with that of other months of the monsoon. Regions stricken are taken into account on a monthly, seasonal and annual basis. The Indian coast faces almost an equal number of storms and depressions that are formed from June to November. The most vulnerable months for storms are May, October and November for Bangladesh; May for Myanmar; June, August and September for Kolkata–Vishakhapatnam in India and October and November for Vishakhapatnam–Tamilnadu in India. Most of the monsoon depressions cross the Kolkata–Vishakhapatnam coast of India. The frequency of formation has been observed to decrease during the period of analysis. It is also observed that the frequency distribution of the Bay of Bengal storms has two peaks: one in the month of May and the other in the month of November. Copyright © 2003 Royal Meteorological Society</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8040614" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2fd217a7feb7fece2d748af67f15148a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48245173,"asset_id":8040614,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48245173/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15469394" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ArifHossain29">Arif Hossain</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15469394" type="text/json">{"id":15469394,"first_name":"Arif","last_name":"Hossain","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ArifHossain29","display_name":"Arif Hossain","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ArifHossain29?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15469394/4394302/5099436/s65_arif.hossain.jpg_oh_7ec266415eee6cad12a5e9dbfc5d1ac2_oe_5489609f"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8040614 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8040614"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8040614, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8040614", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_8040614 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8040614; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_8040614"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_8040614 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="8040614"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8040614; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=8040614]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_8040614").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_8040614").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="8040614"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="55" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Engineering">Environmental Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="55" type="text/json">{"id":55,"name":"Environmental Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Engineering?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering">Civil Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73" type="text/json">{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3754" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climatology">Climatology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3754" type="text/json">{"id":3754,"name":"Climatology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climatology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality">Seasonality</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="57433" type="text/json">{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8040614]'), work: {"id":8040614,"title":"Frequency of Bay of Bengal cyclonic storms and depressions crossing different coastal zones","created_at":"2014-08-21T05:16:52.949-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8040614/Frequency_of_Bay_of_Bengal_cyclonic_storms_and_depressions_crossing_different_coastal_zones?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_8040614","summary":"All the storms and depressions that formed in the Bay of Bengal during 1974–99 have been analysed. The number of occurrences in July is not in harmony with that of other months of the monsoon. Regions stricken are taken into account on a monthly, seasonal and annual basis. The Indian coast faces almost an equal number of storms and depressions that are formed from June to November. The most vulnerable months for storms are May, October and November for Bangladesh; May for Myanmar; June, August and September for Kolkata–Vishakhapatnam in India and October and November for Vishakhapatnam–Tamilnadu in India. Most of the monsoon depressions cross the Kolkata–Vishakhapatnam coast of India. The frequency of formation has been observed to decrease during the period of analysis. It is also observed that the frequency distribution of the Bay of Bengal storms has two peaks: one in the month of May and the other in the month of November. Copyright © 2003 Royal Meteorological Society","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48245173,"asset_id":8040614,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15469394,"first_name":"Arif","last_name":"Hossain","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ArifHossain29","display_name":"Arif Hossain","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ArifHossain29?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15469394/4394302/5099436/s65_arif.hossain.jpg_oh_7ec266415eee6cad12a5e9dbfc5d1ac2_oe_5489609f"}],"research_interests":[{"id":55,"name":"Environmental Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Engineering?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":3754,"name":"Climatology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climatology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":60285,"name":"Atmospheric sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atmospheric_sciences?f_ri=57433"},{"id":477461,"name":"Coastal Zone","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coastal_Zone?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9091018" data-work_id="9091018" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9091018/Food_availability_induces_geographic_variation_in_reproductive_timing_of_an_aquatic_oviparous_snake_Natrix_maura">Food availability induces geographic variation in reproductive timing of an aquatic oviparous snake ( Natrix maura</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The viperine snake Natrix maura is a common water snake, which forages on aquatic prey such as fish and frogs in Western Mediterranean water bodies. Female viperine snakes collected from three populations at the Iberian Peninsula during... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9091018" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The viperine snake Natrix maura is a common water snake, which forages on aquatic prey such as fish and frogs in Western Mediterranean water bodies. Female viperine snakes collected from three populations at the Iberian Peninsula during the vitellogenesis period were compared. Mean clutch size and range, as well as the slope of the regression between body size and clutch size, did not show differences between populations. In contrast, mean size of enlarged follicles of females collected in May from the Ebro Delta proved significantly smaller than those of females from the Matarranya River (50 km far) and the Granada Depression (500 km far). There were no differences in climatic conditions between areas. However, seasonal variation in food availability was significantly different in the Ebro Delta. In this area, the rice fields are dry in early spring as men control the water flow, and prey are not available. This energetic constraint induced female viperine snakes to adjust reproductive timing according to seasonal availability and to delay vitellogenesis for at least one month. By contrast, other Mediterranean populations exhibited a rather high prey availability from early spring (e.g. Matarranya River), females being in good condition in this season and consequently vitellogenesis starting earlier than in the Ebro Delta. This study illustrates a new case of reproductive plasticity in snakes.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9091018" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6956e237052dc7a59239bf520b41f2b2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47890873,"asset_id":9091018,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47890873/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="20664068" href="https://urloiverseseanization.academia.edu/gustavogiron">gustavo giron</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="20664068" type="text/json">{"id":20664068,"first_name":"gustavo","last_name":"giron","domain_name":"urloiverseseanization","page_name":"gustavogiron","display_name":"gustavo giron","profile_url":"https://urloiverseseanization.academia.edu/gustavogiron?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20664068/5713304/6497811/s65_gustavo.giron.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9091018 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9091018"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9091018, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9091018", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9091018]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9091018").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9091018").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9091018"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology">Zoology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="173" type="text/json">{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality">Seasonality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="57433" type="text/json">{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="84726" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amphibia">Amphibia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="84726" type="text/json">{"id":84726,"name":"Amphibia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amphibia?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="151960" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clutch_Size">Clutch Size</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="151960" type="text/json">{"id":151960,"name":"Clutch Size","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clutch_Size?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9091018]'), work: {"id":9091018,"title":"Food availability induces geographic variation in reproductive timing of an aquatic oviparous snake ( Natrix maura","created_at":"2014-11-02T21:31:04.955-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9091018/Food_availability_induces_geographic_variation_in_reproductive_timing_of_an_aquatic_oviparous_snake_Natrix_maura?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_9091018","summary":"The viperine snake Natrix maura is a common water snake, which forages on aquatic prey such as fish and frogs in Western Mediterranean water bodies. Female viperine snakes collected from three populations at the Iberian Peninsula during the vitellogenesis period were compared. Mean clutch size and range, as well as the slope of the regression between body size and clutch size, did not show differences between populations. In contrast, mean size of enlarged follicles of females collected in May from the Ebro Delta proved significantly smaller than those of females from the Matarranya River (50 km far) and the Granada Depression (500 km far). There were no differences in climatic conditions between areas. However, seasonal variation in food availability was significantly different in the Ebro Delta. In this area, the rice fields are dry in early spring as men control the water flow, and prey are not available. This energetic constraint induced female viperine snakes to adjust reproductive timing according to seasonal availability and to delay vitellogenesis for at least one month. By contrast, other Mediterranean populations exhibited a rather high prey availability from early spring (e.g. Matarranya River), females being in good condition in this season and consequently vitellogenesis starting earlier than in the Ebro Delta. This study illustrates a new case of reproductive plasticity in snakes.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47890873,"asset_id":9091018,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":20664068,"first_name":"gustavo","last_name":"giron","domain_name":"urloiverseseanization","page_name":"gustavogiron","display_name":"gustavo giron","profile_url":"https://urloiverseseanization.academia.edu/gustavogiron?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20664068/5713304/6497811/s65_gustavo.giron.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173,"name":"Zoology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zoology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":84726,"name":"Amphibia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amphibia?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":151960,"name":"Clutch Size","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clutch_Size?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":164264,"name":"Body Size","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Body_Size?f_ri=57433"},{"id":185218,"name":"Iberian Peninsula","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iberian_Peninsula?f_ri=57433"},{"id":192581,"name":"Food Availability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Availability?f_ri=57433"},{"id":222432,"name":"Seasonal variation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonal_variation?f_ri=57433"},{"id":354340,"name":"Geographic Variation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geographic_Variation?f_ri=57433"},{"id":893363,"name":"Water Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Flow?f_ri=57433"},{"id":989327,"name":"Prey Availability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prey_Availability?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1272997,"name":"Western Mediterranean","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_Mediterranean?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9971219" data-work_id="9971219" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9971219/USING_REGRESSION_METHODS_TO_ESTIMATE_STREAM_PHOSPHORUS_LOADS_AT_THE_ILLINOIS_RIVER_ARKANSAS">USING REGRESSION METHODS TO ESTIMATE STREAM PHOSPHORUS LOADS AT THE ILLINOIS RIVER, ARKANSAS</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The development of total maximum daily loads (TMDLs) requires evaluating existing constituent loads in streams. Accurate estimates of constituent loads are needed to calibrate watershed and reservoir models for TMDL development. The best... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9971219" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The development of total maximum daily loads (TMDLs) requires evaluating existing constituent loads in streams. Accurate estimates of constituent loads are needed to calibrate watershed and reservoir models for TMDL development. The best approach to estimate constituent loads is high frequency sampling, particularly during storm events, and mass integration of constituents passing a point in a stream. Most often, resources are limited and discrete water quality samples are collected on fixed intervals and sometimes supplemented with directed sampling during storm events. When resources are limited, mass integration is not an accurate means to determine constituent loads and other load estimation techniques such as regression models are used. The objective of this work was to determine a minimum number of water-quality samples needed to provide constituent concentration data adequate to estimate constituent loads at a large stream. Twenty sets of water quality samples with and without supplemental storm samples were randomly selected at various fixed intervals from a database at the Illinois River, northwest Arkansas. The random sets were used to estimate total phosphorus (TP) loads using regression models. The regression-based annual TP loads were compared to the integrated annual TP load estimated using all the data. At a minimum, monthly sampling plus supplemental storm samples (six samples per year) was needed to produce a root mean square error of less than 15%. Water quality samples should be collected at least semi-monthly (every 15 days) in studies less than two years if seasonal time factors are to be used in the regression models. Annual TP loads estimated from independently collected discrete water quality samples further demonstrated the utility of using regression models to estimate annual TP loads in this stream system.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9971219" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="89806fe944e05e821828ba16e283dcbd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47587219,"asset_id":9971219,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47587219/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24239695" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ReedGreen">Reed Green</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24239695" type="text/json">{"id":24239695,"first_name":"Reed","last_name":"Green","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ReedGreen","display_name":"Reed Green","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ReedGreen?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9971219 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9971219"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9971219, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9971219", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9971219]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9971219").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9971219").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9971219"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4523" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_quality">Water quality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4523" type="text/json">{"id":4523,"name":"Water quality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_quality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48458" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Frequency">High Frequency</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48458" type="text/json">{"id":48458,"name":"High Frequency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Frequency?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="53108" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phosphorus">Phosphorus</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="53108" type="text/json">{"id":53108,"name":"Phosphorus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phosphorus?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality">Seasonality</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="57433" type="text/json">{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9971219]'), work: {"id":9971219,"title":"USING REGRESSION METHODS TO ESTIMATE STREAM PHOSPHORUS LOADS AT THE ILLINOIS RIVER, ARKANSAS","created_at":"2015-01-01T10:30:58.658-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9971219/USING_REGRESSION_METHODS_TO_ESTIMATE_STREAM_PHOSPHORUS_LOADS_AT_THE_ILLINOIS_RIVER_ARKANSAS?f_ri=57433","dom_id":"work_9971219","summary":"The development of total maximum daily loads (TMDLs) requires evaluating existing constituent loads in streams. Accurate estimates of constituent loads are needed to calibrate watershed and reservoir models for TMDL development. The best approach to estimate constituent loads is high frequency sampling, particularly during storm events, and mass integration of constituents passing a point in a stream. Most often, resources are limited and discrete water quality samples are collected on fixed intervals and sometimes supplemented with directed sampling during storm events. When resources are limited, mass integration is not an accurate means to determine constituent loads and other load estimation techniques such as regression models are used. The objective of this work was to determine a minimum number of water-quality samples needed to provide constituent concentration data adequate to estimate constituent loads at a large stream. Twenty sets of water quality samples with and without supplemental storm samples were randomly selected at various fixed intervals from a database at the Illinois River, northwest Arkansas. The random sets were used to estimate total phosphorus (TP) loads using regression models. The regression-based annual TP loads were compared to the integrated annual TP load estimated using all the data. At a minimum, monthly sampling plus supplemental storm samples (six samples per year) was needed to produce a root mean square error of less than 15%. Water quality samples should be collected at least semi-monthly (every 15 days) in studies less than two years if seasonal time factors are to be used in the regression models. Annual TP loads estimated from independently collected discrete water quality samples further demonstrated the utility of using regression models to estimate annual TP loads in this stream system.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47587219,"asset_id":9971219,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24239695,"first_name":"Reed","last_name":"Green","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ReedGreen","display_name":"Reed Green","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ReedGreen?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4523,"name":"Water quality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_quality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":48458,"name":"High Frequency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Frequency?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":53108,"name":"Phosphorus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phosphorus?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":57433,"name":"Seasonality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seasonality?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":406051,"name":"Regression Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Regression_Model?f_ri=57433"},{"id":585179,"name":"Water quality monitoring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_quality_monitoring?f_ri=57433"},{"id":622367,"name":"Water Quality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Quality-1?f_ri=57433"},{"id":870763,"name":"Total Phosphorus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Total_Phosphorus?f_ri=57433"},{"id":1128952,"name":"Total Maximum Daily Load (Tmdl)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Total_Maximum_Daily_Load_Tmdl_?f_ri=57433"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11397170" data-work_id="11397170" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11397170/Trophic_Relationships_of_Three_Sunfishes_Lepomis_spp_in_an_Estuarine_Bayou">Trophic Relationships of Three Sunfishes (Lepomis spp.) in an Estuarine Bayou</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11397170" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7f451203fe54632ea1815d09c6b85d61" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46731285,"asset_id":11397170,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46731285/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" 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href="https://www.academia.edu/23078577/Sensitivity_analysis_of_Salmonella_enteritidis_levels_in_contaminated_shell_eggs_using_a_biphasic_growth_model">Sensitivity analysis of Salmonella enteritidis levels in contaminated shell eggs using a biphasic growth model</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Salmonella enteritidis (SE) is a common foodborne pathogen, the transmission of which is primarily associated with the consumption of contaminated Grade A shell eggs. In order to estimate the level of SE present in raw shell eggs, it is... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23078577" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Salmonella enteritidis (SE) is a common foodborne pathogen, the transmission of which is primarily associated with the consumption of contaminated Grade A shell eggs. In order to estimate the level of SE present in raw shell eggs, it is necessary to consider the protective effects of the egg albumin, which effectively inhibits SE growth in a time-and temperature-dependent manner. In this study, a SE growth model was produced by combining two mathematical equations that described both the extended lag phase of SE growth (food component) and a SE growth model (pathogen component). This biphasic growth model was then applied to various egg handling scenarios based on the farm-to-table continuum, including in-line and off-line processing facilities with consideration of key events in production, processing, transportation, and storage. Seasonal effects were also studied. Monte Carlo simulation was used to characterize variability in temperature and time parameter values influencing the level of SE to which individuals are exposed. The total level of SE consumed was estimated under best, most likely, and time -temperature abusive handling scenarios. The model estimated that, in most cases, there was no SE growth in contaminated eggs handled under most likely practices, because 10 -70% of the yolk membrane remained intact. Under abusive handling scenarios, complete loss of yolk membrane integrity frequently occurred by the time eggs reach the distribution phase, followed by subsequent SE growth, which was often quite rapid. In general, the effect of season and processing method (in-line vs. off-line) was minimal. Further sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the initial SE contamination level significantly influenced the final exposure levels only under no-abuse or mildly abusive conditions. The results of our study suggest that, for maximum reduction of SE exposure level, cooling strategies should not only focus on the on-farm or processing phases, but should emphasize the importance of cooling strategies at the distribution and consumer phases of the farm-to-fork continuum. 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In order to estimate the level of SE present in raw shell eggs, it is necessary to consider the protective effects of the egg albumin, which effectively inhibits SE growth in a time-and temperature-dependent manner. In this study, a SE growth model was produced by combining two mathematical equations that described both the extended lag phase of SE growth (food component) and a SE growth model (pathogen component). This biphasic growth model was then applied to various egg handling scenarios based on the farm-to-table continuum, including in-line and off-line processing facilities with consideration of key events in production, processing, transportation, and storage. Seasonal effects were also studied. Monte Carlo simulation was used to characterize variability in temperature and time parameter values influencing the level of SE to which individuals are exposed. The total level of SE consumed was estimated under best, most likely, and time -temperature abusive handling scenarios. The model estimated that, in most cases, there was no SE growth in contaminated eggs handled under most likely practices, because 10 -70% of the yolk membrane remained intact. Under abusive handling scenarios, complete loss of yolk membrane integrity frequently occurred by the time eggs reach the distribution phase, followed by subsequent SE growth, which was often quite rapid. In general, the effect of season and processing method (in-line vs. off-line) was minimal. Further sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the initial SE contamination level significantly influenced the final exposure levels only under no-abuse or mildly abusive conditions. The results of our study suggest that, for maximum reduction of SE exposure level, cooling strategies should not only focus on the on-farm or processing phases, but should emphasize the importance of cooling strategies at the distribution and consumer phases of the farm-to-fork continuum. D","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43580469,"asset_id":23078577,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":44833011,"first_name":"Roberta","last_name":"Morales","domain_name":"ncsu","page_name":"RobertaMorales","display_name":"Roberta Morales","profile_url":"https://ncsu.academia.edu/RobertaMorales?f_ri=57433","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":1081,"name":"Food Safety","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Safety?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":4392,"name":"Monte Carlo Simulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monte_Carlo_Simulation?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":14907,"name":"Industrial Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Industrial_Biotechnology?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":20099,"name":"Sensitivity 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The hypothesis that timing of nesting and productivity of piscivorous seabirds [kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_21261361" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Climate variability and change are expected to influence the seasonal cycle in North Pacific sub-arctic marine ecosystems. The hypothesis that timing of nesting and productivity of piscivorous seabirds [kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla and Rissa brevirostris) and murres (Uria aalge and Uria lomvia)] at the Pribilof Islands are related to variation in ocean climate as indexed by changes in sea-ice concentrations (SICs)</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/21261361" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="97a0aaefcfbe47067c4f09de6f23e60a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":90337939,"asset_id":21261361,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90337939/download_file?st=MTczOTkxMjM3Myw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42294681" href="https://uofn.academia.edu/VernonByrd">Vernon Byrd</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42294681" type="text/json">{"id":42294681,"first_name":"Vernon","last_name":"Byrd","domain_name":"uofn","page_name":"VernonByrd","display_name":"Vernon Byrd","profile_url":"https://uofn.academia.edu/VernonByrd?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42294681/39016351/32437154/s65_vernon.byrd.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_21261361 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="21261361"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 21261361, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_21261361", }); 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The hypothesis that timing of nesting and productivity of piscivorous seabirds [kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla and Rissa brevirostris) and murres (Uria aalge and Uria lomvia)] at the Pribilof Islands are related to variation in ocean climate as indexed by changes in sea-ice concentrations (SICs)","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":90337939,"asset_id":21261361,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42294681,"first_name":"Vernon","last_name":"Byrd","domain_name":"uofn","page_name":"VernonByrd","display_name":"Vernon Byrd","profile_url":"https://uofn.academia.edu/VernonByrd?f_ri=57433","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42294681/39016351/32437154/s65_vernon.byrd.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":407,"name":"Geochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geochemistry?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":415,"name":"Oceanography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oceanography?f_ri=57433","nofollow":true},{"id":1512,"name":"Climate 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