CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html dir="ltr" lang="en" xml:lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:Web="http://schemas.live.com/Web/"><script type="text/javascript" nonce="Pn+ap9vL/euPW5yI+2t/TPg1Y3WP866TNeGLXAMi4yY=" >//<![CDATA[ si_ST=new Date //]]></script><head><title>DARPAs Memex program wikipedia - Search</title><meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="content-type" /><meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin" /><meta name="SystemEntropyOriginTrialToken" content="A1L3tx5CzccqjN3lK6st/fXMwhf9EeokCPf8XCt0DVI8JPbg37BWq0zKvlqgkdm8YEUbthoGkC/xdR1+iIz4txAAAABxeyJvcmlnaW4iOiJodHRwczovL3d3dy5iaW5nLmNvbTo0NDMiLCJmZWF0dXJlIjoiTXNVc2VyQWdlbnRMYXVuY2hOYXZUeXBlIiwiZXhwaXJ5IjoxNzM5NzI0MzExLCJpc1N1YmRvbWFpbiI6dHJ1ZX0=" http-equiv="origin-trial" /><meta property="og:description" content="Intelligent search from Bing makes it easier to quickly find what you’re looking for and rewards you." /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bing" /><meta property="og:title" content="DARPAs Memex program wikipedia - Bing" /><meta property="og:url" content="https://www.bing.com/search?q=DARPAs Memex program wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" /><meta property="fb:app_id" content="3732605936979161" /><meta property="og:image" content="http://www.bing.com/sa/simg/facebook_sharing_5.png" /><meta property="og:type" content="website" /><meta property="og:image:width" content="600" /><meta property="og:image:height" content="315" /><link href="/search?format=rss&q=DARPAs%20Memex%20program%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" data-orighref rel="alternate" title="XML" target="" type="text/xml" as="" crossorigin="" media="" /><link href="/search?format=rss&q=DARPAs%20Memex%20program%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" data-orighref rel="alternate" title="RSS" target="" type="application/rss+xml" as="" crossorigin="" media="" /><link href="/sa/simg/favicon-trans-bg-blue-mg.ico" data-orighref rel="icon" title="" target="" type="" as="" crossorigin="" media="" /><script type="text/javascript" nonce="Pn+ap9vL/euPW5yI+2t/TPg1Y3WP866TNeGLXAMi4yY=">//<![CDATA[ _G={Region:"SG",Lang:"en-US",ST:(typeof si_ST!=='undefined'?si_ST:new Date),Mkt:"en-US",RevIpCC:"sg",RTL:false,Ver:"47",IG:"E565BC450D87434581516B6B7CF68ADB",EventID:"67431b7fe1854a32b04f293eaf09ca0e",V:"web",P:"SERP",DA:"PUSE01",CID:"2792242C5BE26B0F0749316D5A286AD2",SUIH:"MakiAA_CDAeaBQdWxe8QKw",adc:"b_ad",EF:{getslctspt:1,newtabsloppyclick:1,chevroncheckmousemove:1,sharepreview:1,shareoutimage:1,sharefixreadnum:1,sharepreviewthumbnailid:1,shareencodefix:1,chatskip2content:1,fablogfix:1},gpUrl:"\/fd\/ls\/GLinkPing.aspx?" }; _G.lsUrl="/fd/ls/l?IG="+_G.IG+"&CID="+_G.CID ;curUrl="https:\/\/www.bing.com\/search";function si_T(a){ if(document.images){_G.GPImg=new Image;_G.GPImg.src=_G.gpUrl+'IG='+_G.IG+'&CID='+_G.CID+'&'+a;}return true;}_G.BAT="0";_G.NTT="600000";_G.RTO="86400000";_G.CTT="3000";_G.BNFN="Default";_G.LG="160";_G.FilterFlareInterval=5;; //]]></script><style type="text/css">.sw_ddbk,.sw_ddw,.sw_ddgn,.sw_poi,.sw_poia,.sw_play,.sw_playa,.sw_playd,.sw_playp,.sw_st,.sw_sth,.sw_ste,.sw_st2,.sw_plus,.sw_tpcg,.sw_tpcw,.sw_tpcbk,.sw_arwh,.sb_pagN,.sb_pagP,.sw_up,.sw_down,.b_expandToggle,.sw_calc,.sw_fbi,.sw_twi,.b_fLogo,.b_cm,.sw_rmore,.sw_tpo,.sw_tpoa,.sw_lpoi,.sw_skp{background-repeat:no-repeat}.sw_ddbk,.sw_ddw,.sw_ddgn,.sw_poi,.sw_poia,.sw_play,.sw_playa,.sw_playd,.sw_playp,.sw_st,.sw_sth,.sw_ste,.sw_st2,.sw_plus,.sw_tpcg,.sw_tpcw,.sw_tpcbk,.sw_arwh,.sb_pagN,.sb_pagP,.sw_up,.sw_down,.b_expandToggle,.sw_calc,.sw_fbi,.sw_twi,.b_fLogo,.b_cm,.sw_rmore,.sw_tpo,.sw_tpoa,.sw_lpoi,.sw_skp{background-image:url(/rp/_ofXcjy_m9xssb7yLtaOscIux0c.png)}.sw_play,.sw_playa,.sw_playd,.sw_playp{background-position:-315px -22px;height:16px;width:16px}.sw_playa{background-position:-333px -22px}.sw_playd{background-position:-351px -22px}.sw_playp{background-position:-369px -22px}.sw_st,.sw_sth,.sw_ste,.sw_st2{background-position:-535px -31px;height:12px;width:12px;display:inline-block}.sw_st2{background-position:-563px -31px}.sw_sth{background-position:-577px -31px}.sw_ste{background-position:-549px -31px}.sw_arwh,a:hover .sw_arwh.b_invert{background-position:-463px -32px;height:11px;width:14px}.sw_arwh{background-position:-447px -32px}.sw_ddbk,.sw_ddw,.sw_ddgn{background-position:-266px -32px;height:4px;width:7px}.sw_ddgn{background-position:-256px -32px}.sw_tpcg,.sw_tpcw,.sw_tpcbk{background-position:-176px -32px;height:10px;width:10px}.sw_tpcg:hover,.sw_tpcg:active,.sw_tpcg:focus{background-position:-188px -32px}.sw_plus{background-position:-276px -32px;height:8px;width:8px}.sw_plus:hover,.sw_plus:active,.sw_plus:focus{background-position:-286px -32px}.b_expandToggle,.sw_up,.sw_down{background-position:-228px -32px;height:8px;width:12px}.sw_up{background-position:-200px -32px}*:hover>.sw_up,*:active>.sw_up,*:focus>.sw_up{background-position:-214px -32px}*:hover>.sw_down,*:active>.sw_down,*:focus>.sw_down{background-position:-242px -32px}.b_icon,.sw_poi,.sw_poia{width:20px;height:20px}.sw_poi{background-position:-297px 0}.sw_poia{background-position:-319px 0}.b_fLogo{background-position:-402px 0;height:16px;width:81px}.b_cm{background-position:-433px -32px;height:10px;width:12px}.sw_calc{background-position:-363px 0;height:19px;width:19px}.sw_fbi,.sw_twi{background-position:-169px -32px;height:16px;width:16px;display:inline-block}.sw_fbi{background-position:-297px -22px}.sw_twi{background-position:-645px 0}.sw_tpo,.sw_tpoa{height:12px;width:8px;background-position:-131px -25px}.sw_rmore{background-position:-121px -25px;height:12px;width:8px}.sw_lpoi{background-position:-633px -18px;height:16px;width:10px}.sw_skp{background-position:-645px -18px;height:16px;width:16px}.b_ad .b_vlist2col li{padding-bottom:7px}z{a:1}z{a:1}html,body #b_results .b_no{background-color:#fff}#b_results>li a{color:#4007a2}#b_results>li a:visited{color:#4007a2}#b_results>li{background-color:#fff}.ccmc{background-color:#ccc}.ccmc:active{background-color:#36b}#b_tween .b_selected,div.b_dropdown .b_selected,#b_tween a.ftrH.b_selected:hover{background:#e1e0df}#b_tween .b_toggle:hover,#b_tween .ftrH:hover{background:#f2f2f2}.b_scroll{background:#999;border-color:#999}.b_scroll:hover{background:#4d4d4d}.b_dropdown{background-color:#fff;border-color:#e5e5e5}.ctxt,select,input[type="text"]{color:#444;border-color:#ddd}.b_dark select{background-color:#292827}.ccal{border-color:#ddd}.ccal:hover,.ctxt:hover,select:hover,input[type="text"]:hover{box-shadow:0 1px 2px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1)}.b_dark select:hover{background-color:#292827}.ctxt:focus,select:focus,input[type="text"]:focus{color:#444;border-color:#919191;box-shadow:0 1px 2px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1)}.ccal input[type="text"],.ccal input[type="text"]:hover,.ccal input[type="text"]:focus{color:#444}.ccal.ccal_rfs input[type="text"],.ccal.ccal_rfs input[type="text"]:hover,.ccal.ccal_rfs input[type="text"]:focus{color:#666}label{color:#767676}#b_results ::placeholder{color:#767676;opacity:1}#b_results :-ms-input-placeholder{color:#767676}#b_results ::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:#767676}#b_results input[type="text"]:disabled{color:#ccc}a,#b_tween a:visited,#b_results .b_no a{color:#4007a2}a:visited,#b_results>li a:visited{color:#4007a2}.trgr_icon .c_tlbxTrgIcn.sw_css{border-color:#006d21 transparent}.b_posText{color:#006d21}.b_negText{color:#c80000}#b_context .b_entityTitle,#b_results .b_entityTitle{color:#444}#b_context .b_entitySubTitle,#b_results .b_entitySubTitle{color:#767676}body,.b_promoteText,#b_tween a.ftrH:hover,.b_expando,.b_expando h2,.b_expando h3,.b_expando h4,.b_expando .b_defaultText,.b_active a,.b_active a:visited,.b_active a:hover,#b_results>.b_pag a,#b_results .b_no,#b_content a.cbl:visited,#b_content a.cbl{color:#666}#b_tween,#b_tween a.ftrH{color:#70757a}.b_top,.b_top .b_promoteText{color:#444}.b_alert,.sb_alert,.b_pAlt,#b_results .b_no .b_alert,#b_results .b_no .sb_alert,#b_results .b_no .b_pAlt{color:#d90026}#b_results .b_alert,#b_results .sb_alert,#b_results .b_pAlt{color:#d90026}.b_demoteText,.b_secondaryText,.b_attribution,.b_factrow,.b_focusLabel,.b_footnote,.b_ad .b_adlabel,#b_tween .b_dropdown a,.b_expando .b_subModule,.b_expando .b_suppModule,.b_algo .b_vList td{color:#767676}.b_algo .b_factrow{color:#767676}.b_caption,.snippet{color:inherit}.b_top .b_caption{color:inherit}.ciot{background-color:#000}#b_context .b_subModule,#b_results .b_subModule,.overlay-container .b_subModule{border-bottom:1px solid #ececec}#b_context .b_sideBleed:last-child .b_subModule,#b_results .b_sideBleed:last-child .b_subModule,.overlay-container .b_sideBleed:last-child .b_subModule{border-bottom:0}.b_subModule h2{color:#111}.c_tlbx,.c_tlbxIS{border-color:#999;background:#fff}.sw_poi{color:#fff}.sw_poia{color:#fff}.sc_errorArea>.sc_error,.sc_errorArea>.sc_error h1,.sc_errorArea>.sc_error h3{color:#666}.sc_errorArea font[color=red]{color:#d90026 !important}.b_caption p strong,.b_caption .b_factrow strong,.b_secondaryText strong{color:#767676}.b_belowcaption .b_secondaryText{color:#767676 !important}#b_context .b_ans,#b_rrat_cont .b_ans,#b_context #wpc_ag,#b_rrat_cont #wpc_ag{background-color:#fff}#b_context .b_posText,#b_rrat_cont .b_posText,.b_expando .b_posText{color:#006d21}#b_context .b_negText,#b_rrat_cont .b_negText,.b_expando .b_negText{color:#c80000}#b_context,#b_rrat_cont,#b_context .wpc_rifacts,#b_rrat_cont .wpc_rifacts,#b_context .b_defaultText,#b_rrat_cont .b_defaultText{color:#666}#b_context .b_alert,#b_rrat_cont .b_alert,#b_context .sb_alert,#b_rrat_cont .sb_alert,#b_context .b_pAlt,#b_rrat_cont .b_pAlt{color:#d90026}#b_content .b_lowFocusLink a,#b_context .b_secondaryText,#b_rrat_cont .b_secondaryText,#b_context .b_attribution,#b_rrat_cont .b_attribution,#b_context .b_factrow,#b_rrat_cont .b_factrow,#b_context .b_footnote,#b_rrat_cont .b_footnote,#b_context .b_ad .b_adlabel,#b_rrat_cont .b_ad .b_adlabel,.b_expando .b_secondaryText,.b_expando .b_attribution,.b_expando .b_factrow,.b_expando .b_footnote,#b_tween .b_nonselectable{color:#767676}#b_context .b_footnote a,#b_rrat_cont .b_footnote a,.b_promtext{color:#111}#b_context .b_pointer.b_mhdr:hover .b_secondaryText,#b_rrat_cont .b_pointer.b_mhdr:hover .b_secondaryText{color:#36b}z{a:1}.b_footer{background-color:#ececec}.b_footer,.b_footer a,.b_footer a:visited{color:#666}#b_results>.b_ad a{color:#4007a2}#b_results>.b_ad a:visited{color:#4007a2}#b_context>li.b_ad,#b_rrat_cont>li.b_ad{color:#666;background-color:#fff}#b_context>li.b_ad a,#b_rrat_cont>li.b_ad a{color:#4007a2}#b_context>li.b_ad a:visited,#b_rrat_cont>li.b_ad a:visited{color:#4007a2}.b_ad .b_caption p strong,.b_ad .b_caption .b_factrow strong,.b_ad .b_secondaryText strong{color:#767676}cite,#b_results cite.sb_crmb a,#b_results cite a.sb_metalink,#b_results .b_adurl cite a,#bk_wr_container cite a{color:#006d21}.b_ad cite,.b_ad cite a{color:#006d21}#b_context cite,#b_rrat_cont cite,#b_context cite a,#b_rrat_cont cite a,.b_expando cite,.b_expando cite a{color:#006d21}.b_button:hover,.b_button:visited,.b_hlButton,.b_hlButton:hover,.b_hlButton:visited,.b_foregroundText,.ciot{color:#fff}.b_button:hover,.b_hlButton{background-color:#0072c5}.b_button:active,.b_hlButton:active{background-color:#333}.b_hlButton:hover{background-color:#106ebe}.b_border,.b_button,.b_hlButton{border-color:#ccc}#b_results>.b_pag{background-color:transparent}#b_results>.b_pag a:hover{background-color:#f4f4f4}#b_results>.b_pag .sb_pagS_bp:hover{background-color:#fff}#b_results>.b_pag a.sb_pagP:hover,#b_results>.b_pag a.sb_pagN:hover{background-color:inherit}#b_results>.b_pag .sb_pagS_bp{color:#111}.b_pag a{border:3px solid transparent}.b_pag a.sb_bp{border:0;border-bottom:3px solid transparent}.b_pag .sb_pagS{border-color:#00809d}.b_pag a.sb_pagS_bp{border-color:#106ebe}z{a:1}z{a:1}#b_results>.b_ad{color:#666;background-color:#f9fcf7}#b_results,#b_results .b_defaultText,#b_results>.b_pag a:hover,#b_tween .b_toggle:hover,#b_tween .b_highlighted{color:#666}html,body,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,p,img,ol,ul,li,form,table,tr,th,td,blockquote{border:0;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}html{overflow-y:scroll}#b_content{clear:both;min-height:316px;padding:41px 0 20px 100px}#b_pole{margin:-25px 0 15px -100px;padding-left:120px}#b_tween~#b_pole{margin-top:3px}.b_underSearchbox~#b_pole{margin-top:0}#b_context,#b_rrat_cont{margin:0 0 0 60px;padding:0 20px}#b_context .b_ans,#b_rrat_cont .b_ans,.b_expando .b_ans,#b_context .b_ad,#b_rrat_cont .b_ad,.b_card{margin:0 -20px}#b_context .b_ans,#b_rrat_cont .b_ans,.b_expando .b_ans{padding:10px 20px 0}#b_context .b_ad,#b_rrat_cont .b_ad{padding:10px 20px}.b_card{padding:15px 20px}#b_results,#b_context,#b_rrat_cont,#b_tween>span,.b_hList>li,.c_tlbxTrg,.b_hPanel>span,.ccal .ccali,.b_footerRight,.b_hPanel .b_xlText,.b_hPanel .cico,.b_moreLink,.b_label+.b_hList,.lc_bks,.lc_bkl,.fiw,.csrc,.b_footnote .cico,.b_algo .b_title H2,.b_algo .b_title>div,.b_algo .b_title .b_suffix>div,h3{display:inline-block}.b_pointer{cursor:pointer}label,.b_ad .b_adlabel,.c_tlbxTrgIcn{display:block}#b_tween{margin-top:-28px;padding-bottom:0}.b_underSearchbox~#b_tween{margin-top:-2px}#b_tween,#b_tween .ftrH{height:30px}#b_tween>span{padding-right:25px}#b_results>li{margin:0 0 2px}#b_results>li,#b_results>.b_ad{padding:10px 20px}#b_results>.b_ans{padding:12px 20px 0}#b_results>.b_algo{padding:12px 20px 0}#b_results>li .b_fullb{margin-left:-20px;margin-right:-20px}#b_results>.b_ad{padding-right:18px;border-right:2px solid #e5e5e5}#b_results>li:first-child{padding-top:10px}#b_results>.b_pag{padding:18px 0 40px 20px}#b_results>.si_pp,.sb_hbop,.b_hide,.ttl,#sw_tfbb,.sw_next,.sw_prev,#id_d,.b_hidden img{display:none}.b_hidden{visibility:hidden}#b_context .b_ans,#b_rrat_cont .b_ans,.b_expando .b_ans{margin-bottom:5px}#b_context .b_ad,#b_rrat_cont .b_ad{margin-bottom:5px}main,aside,.b_inlineList li,.b_inlineList div,.b_factrow li{display:inline}.b_footerRight,td,th,#b_context,#b_rrat_cont,.b_hList>li{vertical-align:top}.b_footer{width:100%;padding:12px 0}.c_tlbxTrg{width:15px;height:14px;margin:-1px 6px -3px 2px}.c_tlbxTrgIcn{margin:4px 0 2px 3px}.c_tlbx{position:absolute;z-index:6;border:1px solid;padding:10px}.c_tlbxIS{border-bottom:1px solid}.b_gridList ul:first-child,.b_vlist2col ul:first-child{margin:0 20px 0 0}.b_gridList li,.b_vlist2col li{padding:0 0 10px}.b_vlist2col.b_deep li{padding:0 0 10px}.b_overhangR .b_vlist2col ul:first-child{margin:0 15px 0 0}.b_overhangR .b_vlist2col ul{width:180px}.b_deep p{height:33px}#b_context .b_ad .b_adlabel,#b_rrat_cont .b_ad .b_adlabel,#b_content .b_expanderControl .sw_plus,.sc_rf form,form.sc_rf,.b_lBMargin{margin-bottom:10px}.b_ad li,#b_results .b_ad .b_adlabel{margin-bottom:8px}.b_ad li:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.b_ad li li,.b_ad li li:last-child{margin:0}#b_results .b_ad .b_vlist2col,#b_results .b_ad .b_factrow,#b_results .b_ad .b_bcfactrow{margin-top:-6px}#b_results .b_ad .sb_adRA .b_vlist2col{padding-left:0}.sx_ci{border:1px solid #e5e5e5;margin-top:3px;width:80px;height:60px}.b_favicon{margin:0 .5em 0 0}.b_imagePair:after,.b_vlist2col:after,.b_gridList:after{clear:left}.b_imagePair.reverse:after,.b_overhangR:after{clear:right}.b_clear,#b_results>li:after,.b_clearfix:after{clear:both}#b_results>li:after,.b_clearfix:after,.b_imagePair:after,.b_vlist2col:after,.b_gridList:after,.b_overhangR:after{content:'.';display:block;height:0;visibility:hidden}.b_vlist2col ul,.b_gridList ul,.b_float,.b_footer,.b_float_img,.b_pag li,.b_mhdr h2{float:left}.b_floatR_img,.b_floatR,.wr_tc{float:right}.b_overflow,.b_hList li,.b_1linetrunc,.b_deep p,.b_imageOverlayWrapper{overflow:hidden}.b_ansImage{padding:2px 10px 0 0}.b_creditedImg img,.b_creditedImg .cico{padding-bottom:1px}h4,.sa_uc>.b_vList>li>table td,.b_smBottom,#b_context .b_ad h2,#b_rrat_cont .b_ad h2,.b_attribution,.b_secondaryFocus,.b_focusTextLarge,.b_focusTextMedium,.b_focusTextSmall,.b_focusTextExtraSmall,.b_snippet{padding-bottom:2px}.b_factrow{padding-bottom:2px}h2,.b_focusLabel,label{padding-bottom:3px}.b_vPanel .b_vPanel>div,.b_vList .b_vPanel>div{padding-bottom:5px}.b_dataList li,.b_mBottom{padding-bottom:5px}.b_lBottom,.b_entitySubTitle{padding-bottom:12px}#b_context .b_subModule h2,#b_rrat_cont .b_subModule h2,#b_results .b_subModule h2{padding-bottom:16px}#b_results .sp_recourse.b_lBottom,.b_caption,.b_moreLink,.b_footnote,.b_hList>li,#b_context h2,#b_rrat_cont h2,#b_context h2.b_entityTitle,#b_rrat_cont h2.b_entityTitle,#b_results .b_ad .b_factrow,#b_results .b_ad .b_bcfactrow,.overlay-container .b_subModule h2,.b_expando h2,.b_no h1,.b_no h4,.b_no li,.b_prominentFocusLabel,.ht_module,.b_locStr{padding-bottom:10px}.b_vPanel>div,.b_vList>li{padding-bottom:10px}#b_results .b_ans>.b_factrow:last-child{padding-bottom:10px}.b_vList .b_hList>li,.b_vPanel .b_hList>li,#b_content .ht_module h2,.b_vList .b_float_img,.b_creditedImg .b_footnote,.b_creditedImg .cico img,#b_results>.b_ad,.b_suppModule .b_mhdr,.b_vList>li>.tab-container,.b_vPanel>div>.tab-container,.b_ad .b_deep h3,#b_content .b_float_img_nbp{padding-bottom:0}.b_caption .b_factrow:last-child,#b_results .b_caption .b_factrow:last-child,.b_caption>.b_dataList:last-child li:last-child,.b_caption .b_moreLink:last-child,.b_vList .b_moreLink:last-child,.b_vList .b_factrow:last-child,.b_hList .b_factrow:last-child,.b_vPanel .b_factrow:last-child,.b_caption .b_attribution:last-child,.b_vList .b_attribution:last-child,.b_hList .b_attribution:last-child,.b_vPanel .b_attribution:last-child,.b_vList>li>table:last-child tr:last-child td,.b_vPanel>div>table:last-child tr:last-child td,.b_vList .b_focusLabel:last-child,.b_vPanel .b_focusLabel:last-child,.b_vList .b_prominentFocusLabel:last-child,.b_vPanel .b_prominentFocusLabel:last-child,.b_vList .b_secondaryFocus:last-child,.b_vPanel .b_secondaryFocus:last-child,.b_vList .b_focusTextExtraSmall:last-child,.b_vPanel .b_focusTextExtraSmall:last-child,.b_vList .b_focusTextSmall:last-child,.b_vPanel .b_focusTextSmall:last-child,.b_vList .b_focusTextMedium:last-child,.b_vPanel .b_focusTextMedium:last-child,.b_vList .b_focusTextLarge:last-child,.b_vPanel .b_focusTextLarge:last-child,.b_vList h4:last-child,.b_vPanel h4:last-child,.b_vPanel .b_caption:last-child,.b_vPanel .b_vList:last-child>li:last-child,.b_vPanel .b_footnote:last-child{padding-bottom:0}.b_vList .b_vPanel,.b_vPanel .b_vPanel{margin-bottom:-5px}.b_hList .b_vList,.b_hList .b_vPanel{margin-bottom:-10px}.ht_module .sc_rf form.lc_bk,.b_mBMargin,.wpcbcc{margin-bottom:5px}#b_results .b_no{margin:28px 0 80px 0}.b_rich{padding-top:3px}h2+.b_rich{padding-top:2px}.b_algo .b_attribution img{vertical-align:text-bottom}.b_smLeft{padding-left:2px}.b_lLeft,.b_floatR_img,.b_suffix,.b_footnote .cico{padding-left:10px}.wr_tc,.b_xlLeft,.b_deep,#b_results .b_ad .b_vlist2col,#b_tween{padding-left:20px}h2 .b_secondaryText{margin-left:5px}.b_hList.b_imgStrip>li{padding-right:1px}.b_smRight{padding-right:2px}.fiw,.lc_bkl,.b_mRight,.b_label,.csrc{padding-right:4px}.b_lRight,.b_imgStrip .imgData,.b_underSearchbox .b_label{padding-right:10px}.b_hPanel>span,.b_hList>li{padding-right:10px}.b_hPanel.wide>span,.b_xlRight{padding-right:20px}.b_hList.b_imgStrip>li:last-child,.b_hList>li:last-child,.b_hPanel>span:last-child,td:last-child,th:last-child,#b_tween>span:last-child{padding-right:0}.b_twoColumn>div:first-child{padding-right:30px}.b_overhangR{margin-right:-30px;padding-right:150px}.wr_tc{margin-right:-150px}.wr_et{margin-right:-120px}.b_tbl{margin-right:-10px}.b_border,.b_button,.b_hlButton,.b_scroll,.b_dropdown{border-width:1px;border-style:solid}.b_button,.b_hlButton{line-height:30px;text-decoration:none;text-align:center;cursor:pointer;padding:0 15px;min-width:50px}.lc_bks .cbtn{margin-top:15px}#b_context .b_subModule,#b_rrat_cont .b_subModule,#b_results .b_subModule,.b_expando .b_subModule{padding:0 19px 0 19px;margin-bottom:16px}#b_context .b_subModule .b_lBottom.lo_im_ov,#b_rrat_cont .b_subModule .b_lBottom.lo_im_ov{padding-bottom:0;margin-bottom:12px}.overlay-container .b_subModule{padding-bottom:0;margin-bottom:16px}#b_context .b_sideBleed:last-child .b_subModule,#b_rrat_cont .b_sideBleed:last-child .b_subModule,#b_results .b_sideBleed:last-child .b_subModule,.b_subModule .b_subModule:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.b_dropdown{position:absolute;z-index:6}.b_scroll{position:relative;top:0;width:5px;height:20px}.b_pag a{display:block;min-width:34px;margin-right:10px;text-align:center;height:34px;line-height:34px}.b_pag a.sb_bp{min-width:40px;margin-right:20px;height:37px;line-height:42px}.b_pag .b_widePag{margin-right:28px}.b_pag a.sb_pagN,.b_pag a.sb_pagP{min-width:0;height:30px;width:30px;border:0;margin-top:5px;padding:1px}.b_pag a.sb_pagN_bp,.b_pag a.sb_pagP_bp{height:30px;width:30px;margin-top:0}.b_pag .sw_prev,.b_pag .sw_next{margin:2px}.b_mhdr{margin:-15px 0 -5px;padding:15px 0 5px}.b_mhdr .sw_up,.b_mhdr .sw_down{margin-top:10px}.b_mhdr .b_moreLink,.b_mhdr .b_secondaryText{margin-top:6px}.b_vPanel .sc_rf form,.b_suppModule .b_mhdr{margin-bottom:0}.b_rTxt{text-align:right}.b_cTxt{text-align:center}.b_jTxt{text-align:justify}table{width:100%;word-wrap:break-word}td,th,.b_float_img{padding:0 10px 10px 0}th{text-align:left}.sw_poi,.sw_poia{float:left;margin:-3px 5px 0 0;line-height:20px;text-align:center}.ctxt,select,input[type="text"]{outline:none;padding:0 11px;height:30px;border-width:1px;border-style:solid;border-radius:2px}.ctxt.b_focusTextMedium{padding:3px 11px 8px 11px;height:57px}.ctxt.b_outTextBox{border-top:4px solid #919191;padding:0 11px 8px 11px}.ctxt.b_outTextBox:focus{border-top-width:1px;padding-top:3px}select{padding:0 0 0 11px;height:32px}input.ctxt,.ccal input,.ccal .ccali,.b_favicon,.b_footnote .cico{vertical-align:middle}.ccal .ctxt,.ccal .ctxt:hover,.ccal .ctxt:focus,.ccal .ccali{background:none;border:none;box-shadow:none}.ccal{border-width:1px;border-style:solid}.ccal .ccali{height:30px}.ccal .ccalp{padding:5px 5px 0 5px}.b_underSearchbox{margin:-20px 20px 14px}.b_underSearchbox .b_hList>li{padding:0 8px 0 0}.b_compactSearch label{float:left;margin:7px 10px 0 0}.b_compactSearch input{margin-right:0;float:left}.b_compactSearch .cbtn{border-left:0}.b_footer table{width:520px;margin:15px 20px 0 120px}#b_footerItems ul{display:block}#b_footerItems li{display:inline;float:left}#b_footerItems span{margin-right:24px;margin-left:24px;float:right}#b_footerItems a{margin-right:24px;font-size:11px}#b_footerItems{line-height:24px;padding:0 20px 0 24px;font-size:11px}.b_footerRight{margin:13px 0 0 50px}.b_1linetrunc{text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap}div.cico.b_capImg{margin-bottom:4px}.b_imageOverlayWrapper{margin:-20px 0 0;height:20px}.b_imageOverlay{color:#fff;background-color:#000;padding:5px}.ansP,.ansPF{padding-left:30px}.ansP .wpc_pin,.ansPF .wpc_pin{margin-left:-30px}#b_context .rssmgrp .b_subModule,#b_rrat_cont .rssmgrp .b_subModule,.overlay-container .rssmgrp .b_subModule{border-bottom:0}#b_context .b_entitySubTitle,#b_rrat_cont .b_entitySubTitle,#b_results .b_entityTP .b_entitySubTitle{margin-top:-9px}.b_entityTP .b_infocardTopR .b_floatR_img{padding-bottom:10px}.b_vmparent{display:-ms-flexbox;display:-webkit-flex;display:flexbox;display:-webkit-box;display:flex;align-items:center}.b_relative{position:relative}z{a:1}z{a:1}input,textarea,h4,h5{font:inherit;font-size:100%}body,.b_no h4,h2 .b_secondaryText,h2 .b_alert,.b_underSearchbox,#b_header{font:14px/normal Arial,Helvetica,Sans-Serif}h1,h2,h3{font:13px/1.2em 'Segoe UI',Arial,Helvetica,Sans-Serif}h2{font-size:20px;line-height:28px}.sb_add h2{line-height:28px}h3,.b_no h1{font-size:18px;line-height:22px}cite{font-style:normal}.sb_alert a{font-style:italic}#b_content,#b_context,#b_rrat_cont,.b_expando{line-height:1.2em}cite,#b_context,#b_rrat_cont,.b_expando,#vidans2{word-wrap:break-word}#sa_ul li,.nowrap{white-space:nowrap}.b_footer{line-height:18px}.b_attribution,#b_content .b_attribution{font-size:16px;line-height:24px}#b_content main #b_results .b_algo cite{font-size:14px}.ba_title>h2+cite{font-size:16px;line-height:24px;padding-top:1px}.b_subModule h2{font-size:18px;line-height:22px}.b_smText,.b_footnote,.ciot{font-family:Arial,Helvetica,Sans-Serif;font-size:11px;line-height:normal}.b_footnote{line-height:16px}.b_ad .b_adlabel,.b_ad .b_adlabel strong{font:12px/normal Arial,Helvetica,Sans-Serif}.b_mText{font:16px/22px 'Segoe UI',Arial,Helvetica,Sans-Serif}.b_focusLabel{font:16px 'Segoe UI',Arial,Helvetica,Sans-Serif;line-height:20px}.b_secondaryFocus{font:13px Arial,Helvetica,Sans-Serif;line-height:18px}.b_focusTextExtraSmall{font:18px 'Segoe UI',Arial,Helvetica,Sans-Serif;line-height:1.3em}h2.b_entityTitle,.b_prominentFocusLabel,.b_xlText{font-size:24px;font-family:'Segoe UI',Arial,Helvetica,Sans-Serif;line-height:1.2em}h2.b_entityTitle{line-height:normal}.b_entitySubTitle{font-size:13px;line-height:18px}.b_focusTextSmall,.b_focusTextMedium,.b_focusTextLarge{font:400 28px 'Segoe UI',Arial,Helvetica,Sans-Serif}.b_focusTextMedium{font-size:40px;line-height:48px}.b_focusTextLarge{font-size:54px;line-height:64px}.b_focusTextSmall{font-size:28px;line-height:38px}h2.b_topTitle{font-size:24px;line-height:1.2em}.sb_add h2.b_topTitle{line-height:1.2em}strong,.b_active a,.b_no h4,.b_strong,.b_ad .b_adlabel strong,.cbl{font-weight:700}th,h2 strong,h3 strong{font-weight:normal}#b_tween{font-size:14px}#b_tween>span,#b_tween .ftrH{line-height:30px}.b_attribution cite{unicode-bidi:normal}a,.b_algoheader a:hover,.b_topbar a:hover,.b_pag a:hover,.cbtn:hover,.cbtn a:hover,.b_hlButton:hover,.ftrB a:hover,.b_algo:hover .b_vList h2 a,.b_algo:first-child:hover .b_vList h2 a,#b_header:hover~#b_content #b_pole~#b_results li:first-child.b_ad li:first-child h2 a,#b_header:hover~#b_content #b_pole~#b_results li:first-child.b_algo h2 a,#b_results>.b_ans:hover .ent_cnt h2>a,#b_results>.b_ans:hover .sp_requery h2>a,#b_results>.b_ans .b_rich>.b_vList>li:hover h5.b_lBMargin>a{text-decoration:none}a:hover,.b_algoheader a h2:hover,.b_algo:first-child:hover h2 a,.b_algo .b_underline a,.sb_add .b_underline a,#b_results>.b_ad li:first-child .sb_adTA:hover h2 a,#b_topw>.b_ad li:first-child .sb_adTA:hover h2 a,#b_header:hover~#b_content #b_results li:first-child.b_ad li:first-child div.sb_adTA h2 a,#b_header:hover~#b_content #b_results li:first-child.b_algo h2 a{text-decoration:underline}z{a:1}z{a:1}li{list-style-position:outside}.b_moreLink,.cbtn,#b_results,#b_context,.b_expando,#b_tween>span,.sa_cm2,.b_hList>li,.b_hPanel .cico,.b_footerRight,.b_footer table,.sc_rtgs,.ccal .ccali,.b_factrow .csrc,#b_notificationContainer span h2,#b_notificationContainer .title,#b_notificationContainer .header,#b_notificationContainer .image,#b_notificationContainer .content,form.b_externalSearch,.lc_bkl,.lc_bks,.b_algo .b_title H2,.b_algo .b_title>div,.b_algo .b_title .b_suffix>div,.b_xlLeft .b_vList,.b_vPanel .b_vList,.b_1linetrunc{zoom:1;display:inline}A,.b_moreLink{vertical-align:baseline}#b_context>li,.b_expando>li,#b_results>li.b_pag{width:100%}.b_hList,.b_hPanel,.b_tbl{margin-right:-10px;zoom:1}.b_label+.b_hList{display:inline}.cbtn input{overflow:visible}.sa_uc{width:100%}.sw_st,.sw_sth,.sw_st2,.sw_sth2,.sw_ste{vertical-align:middle}.sc_rtgs{padding-right:5px}.b_externalSearch .b_searchboxSubmit,.b_hList li.square_m{float:none;vertical-align:top}.b_externalSearch>input{height:38px;line-height:40px}.b_searchboxSubmitButton{margin-left:6px}.b_imagePair .b_imagePair .sw_poi,.b_imagePair .b_imagePair .sw_poia{margin-top:0}.b_dropdown{left:0;top:39px}#b_notificationContainer.crr div .content,#b_notificationContainer.crr div .image{width:100%;float:left;position:relative;top:-2px;margin-bottom:-2px}#b_notificationContainer.crr div .image.left{top:-5px;vertical-align:top;margin-bottom:-15px}#b_notificationContainer.crr div .content.right{float:none;padding-left:5px;padding-right:10px;vertical-align:top;margin-bottom:-15px}#b_notificationContainer.crr .header{width:100%;padding-bottom:0;margin-bottom:0}#b_notificationContainer.canstp .close{margin-top:-8px}#b_notificationContainer.crr .icon{top:-2px}#b_tween,.b_underSearchbox .b_label{zoom:1}.b_title div.b_suffix{padding-bottom:3px}.b_algo .b_vList table{margin-bottom:-2px}.sa_uc .b_vList li,.b_ad li{zoom:1}.b_pag a{display:block;min-width:34px;margin-right:10px;text-align:center;height:34px;line-height:34px}.b_pag .b_widePag{margin-right:28px}.b_pag a.sb_pagN,.b_pag a.sb_pagP{min-width:0;height:30px;width:30px;border:0}.b_pag .sw_prev,.b_pag .sw_next{margin:2px}h4,h5{font-weight:normal}#b_content,#b_context,#b_rrat_cont,.b_expando{word-wrap:normal}.ctxt{line-height:20px}#b_results>li.b_ans.b_topborder{padding:15px 19px 10px 19px;margin-bottom:12px;border:1px solid #ddd;border-radius:0;margin-top:0}#b_results>li.b_ans.b_topborder .bgtopgr{border-bottom-left-radius:0;border-bottom-right-radius:0}#b_results>li.b_ans.b_topborder .bgtopwh{border-radius:0 0 0 0}#b_results li.b_ans~.b_topborder{margin-top:10px}#b_results li.b_ad~.b_ans.b_topborder{margin-top:12px}#b_results>li.b_ans.b_topborder.b_tophb{padding:0}.b_tophb .b_tophbh{padding:15px 19px 16px 19px}.b_tophb .b_tophbb{border-top:1px solid #ddd;padding:15px 19px 19px 19px}.b_tophb .bgtopwh{background-color:#fff}.b_tophb .bgtopgr{background-color:#f5f5f5}.b_tophb .b_tophbb.bgbtopnone{border-top:none}#b_results>.b_ad+.b_top{margin-top:0}.b_top .b_attribution+.b_rich,.b_top .b_factrow+.b_rich{padding-top:8px}.b_top .b_topTitle+.b_rich{padding-top:12px}.b_tHeader,.b_demoteText,.b_secondaryText,.b_attribution,.b_factrow,.b_focusLabel,.b_footnote,.b_ad .b_adlabel,#b_tween .b_dropdown a,.b_expando .b_subModule,.b_expando .b_suppModule,.b_algo .b_vList td,#b_content .b_lowFocusLink a,#b_context .b_secondaryText,#b_rrat_cont .b_secondaryText,#b_context .b_attribution,#b_rrat_cont .b_attribution,#b_context .b_factrow,#b_rrat_cont .b_factrow,#b_context .b_footnote,#b_rrat_cont .b_footnote,#b_context .b_ad .b_adlabel,#b_rrat_cont .b_ad .b_adlabel,.b_expando .b_secondaryText,.b_expando .b_attribution,.b_expando .b_factrow,.b_expando .b_footnote{color:#767676}.b_ad .b_secondaryText{color:#767676}#b_context .b_mhdr:hover .b_secondaryText,#b_rrat_cont .b_mhdr:hover .b_secondaryText,.b_expando .b_mhdr:hover .b_secondaryText{color:#001ba0}#b_results>.b_top .b_prominentFocusLabel,#b_results>.b_top .b_topTitle,#b_results>.b_top .b_focusTextExtraSmall,#b_results>.b_top .b_focusTextExtraSmall a,#b_results>.b_top .b_focusTextSmall,#b_results>.b_top .b_focusTextSmall a,#b_results>.b_top .b_focusTextMedium,#b_results>.b_top .b_focusTextMedium a,#b_results>.b_top .b_focusTextLarge,#b_results>.b_top .b_focusTextLarge a{color:#111}span.b_negText.b_focusTextExtraSmall{color:#c80000 !important}span.b_posText.b_focusTextExtraSmall{color:#006d21 !important}.b_top .b_focusTextExtraSmall a,.b_top .b_focusTextSmall a,.b_top .b_focusTextMedium a,.b_top .b_focusTextLarge a{text-decoration:none}#b_results>.b_top:hover .b_focusTextExtraSmall a,#b_results>.b_top:hover .b_focusTextSmall a,#b_results>.b_top:hover .b_focusTextMedium a,#b_results>.b_top:hover .b_focusTextLarge a{color:#4007a2}#b_results>.b_top .b_focusTextExtraSmall a:hover,#b_results>.b_top .b_focusTextSmall a:hover,#b_results>.b_top .b_focusTextMedium a:hover,#b_results>.b_top .b_focusTextLarge a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.fc_cal_holder table{font-size:11px}body .fc_cal_holder{border:1px solid #0072c5}body .fc_cal_holder .fc_cal_disabled{color:#767676}body .fc_cal_holder a:link,body .fc_cal_holder a:visited{color:#666}body .fc_cal_holder td,body .fc_cal_holder .fc_cal_disabled,body .fc_cal_holder .fc_cal_days td{width:20px;line-height:20px;padding:0 10px 10px 0}.fc_cal_holder tr td:first-child{padding-left:10px}.fc_cal_holder tr:last-child td{padding-bottom:15px}body .fc_cal_holder .fc_cal_days td{line-height:15px;color:#767676;background-color:#fff}body .fc_cal_holder a{padding:0}body .fc_cal_holder td a:hover,body .fc_cal_holder td a:active,body .fc_cal_holder td.fc_cal_current a:hover,body .fc_cal_holder td.fc_cal_current a:active{background-color:#eee;color:#666}body .fc_cal_holder .fc_cal_monthHolder+.fc_cal_monthHolder{border-left:1px solid #bfdcf0}body .fc_cal_holder .fc_cal_monthHolder{background-color:#fff;border:0;padding:15px 15px 10em 15px}body .fc_cal_holder th div{background-color:#fff;border:0;padding:0 0 15px;color:#666;text-align:center;font-size:13px}body .fc_cal_holder .fc_cal_current a{background-color:#4007a2}body .fc_cal_monthDec.fc_cal_monthChange,body .fc_cal_monthInc.fc_cal_monthChange{background:url(rms://rms:answers:SharedStaticAssets:navchevrons_topRefresh) no-repeat;width:8px;height:12px;background-position:0 -110px;font-size:0}body .fc_cal_monthDec.fc_cal_monthChange{background-position:0 -44px}body .fc_cal_holder .fc_cal_month_first .fc_cal_monthDec{margin:1px 0 0 15px}body .fc_cal_holder .fc_cal_month_last .fc_cal_monthInc{margin:1px 15px 0 0}#b_results .b_attribution,#b_context .b_attribution,#b_rrat_cont .b_attribution,#b_topw .b_wpt_top .b_attribution{line-height:22px}.b_deep,#b_results .b_caption,#b_results .b_snippet,#b_results .b_factrow,#b_results p,#b_context .b_caption,#b_rrat_cont .b_caption,#b_context .b_snippet,#b_rrat_cont .b_snippet,#b_context .b_factrow,#b_rrat_cont .b_factrow,#b_context p,#b_rrat_cont p,#b_topw .b_wpt_top .b_caption,#b_topw .b_wpt_top .b_snippet,#b_topw .b_wpt_top .b_factrow,#b_topw .b_wpt_top p,#snct{line-height:22px}#b_context .b_caption .b_factrow .csrc,#b_rrat_cont .b_caption .b_factrow .csrc{line-height:19px}#b_content .b_deep p{height:44px}#b_content .carousel p,#b_content .b_slideexp p,#b_content #lMapContainer p,#b_content .MicrosoftMap p,#b_content .rwrl p,#b_content .qna_body p,#bw-rqna p,#ecmp_relatedPh p,#na_cl p{line-height:inherit}#b_content .b_imgSetData p,#b_content .b_caption .b_slideexp p{line-height:18px}#b_results #lgb_info .b_factrow{padding-bottom:4px}#snct .imgbig .b_overflow>h4{line-height:normal}#b_results .b_attribution,#b_topw .b_wpt_top .b_attribution,.b_ad h2,.b_deep h3,#snct h4{padding-bottom:0}#b_results .b_attribution .cico,#b_topw .b_wpt_top .b_attribution .cico{border-radius:0}#b_results .b_algo .b_attribution,#b_results .sb_add .b_attribution,#b_topw .b_wpt_top .sb_add .b_attribution{padding:1px 0 0 0}.b_deep h3{line-height:1.2em}#b_results .b_factrow,#b_topw .b_wpt_top .b_factrow{padding-bottom:2px}.b_ans h2.b_topTitle.b_headerTitle{padding-bottom:3px}.b_ans h2.b_lBottom,.b_expando h2{padding-bottom:10px}.b_ans h2,.b_algo h2{padding-bottom:0}z{a:1}.b_ad li,#b_context>.b_ad>ul>li,#b_rrat_cont>.b_ad>ul>li,#b_dynRail>.b_ad>ul>li{margin-bottom:22px}#b_context .b_ad .b_caption,#b_rrat_cont .b_ad .b_caption{padding-bottom:4px}#b_content ol#b_results li.b_ad,#b_content ol#b_topw li.b_ad{padding-bottom:10px;margin-bottom:0}#b_results li.b_ad.b_adBottom{padding-top:11px}#b_topw>li.b_ad:first-child{padding-top:10px}#b_context .b_entityTP,#b_rrat_cont .b_entityTP{padding:9px 19px 4px 19px;margin:-10px -20px -6px -20px;width:100%;border:1px solid #ddd;border-radius:0;background:#fff}#b_context .b_entityTP .irp,#b_rrat_cont .b_entityTP .irp{border-radius:0 0 0 0;overflow:visible}#b_context .b_ans:not(:first-child)>.b_entityTP,#b_rrat_cont .b_ans:not(:first-child)>.b_entityTP{margin-top:-16px}#b_context .b_ad:not(:last-child),#b_rrat_cont .b_ad:not(:last-child){padding-bottom:15px;border-bottom:1px solid #ebebeb}#b_context .b_ans:not(:last-child),#b_rrat_cont .b_ans:not(:last-child){padding-bottom:5px}#b_context .b_ans .b_entityTP,#b_rrat_cont .b_ans .b_entityTP{margin-bottom:20px}#b_content .b_algo .b_attribution cite strong{font-weight:normal}z{a:1}z{a:1}.sw_meIc,.sw_spd,.sw_pref,.idp_ham,.idp_wlid,.idp_tw{background-repeat:no-repeat}.b_focus .b_searchboxForm .b_searchboxSubmit{background-color:#fff;border-color:#fff}.sw_pref,.idp_wlid,.idp_tw{background-position:-485px 0;height:16px;width:16px}.sw_pref:hover,.sw_pref:active,.sw_pref:focus{background-position:-503px 0}.idp_wlid{background-position:-384px 0}.idp_tw{background-position:-645px 0}.sw_meIc{background-position:-521px 0;height:16px;width:16px}.sw_spd{background-position:-341px 0;height:20px;width:20px}.b_logo{vertical-align:top;text-indent:-999px;float:right;margin-top:6px}#b_header .b_searchboxForm{padding:0 0 0 5px}#b_header .b_searchbox{margin-right:11px}.sw_meIc,.sw_spd,.sw_pref,.idp_ham,.idp_wlid,.idp_tw{background-image:url(/rp/_ofXcjy_m9xssb7yLtaOscIux0c.png)}.b_scopebar{background-color:#fff}.b_searchboxForm .b_searchboxSubmit{background-color:#fff;border-color:#fff}.b_searchboxForm,.sa_as .sa_drw{background-color:#fff}.sa_hd{color:#444}.sw_pref,.b_active a:after{border-color:#fff}.b_active a:after{border-bottom-color:#fff}.b_searchboxForm{border-color:#ccc}.b_scopebar,.b_scopebar a,.b_scopebar a:visited,.id_button,.id_button:visited{color:#444}.id_button:hover,.b_idOpen a#id_l,a#bep.openfo,a#id_rh.openfo{color:#333;background-color:#fff}.b_scopebar .b_active a,.b_scopebar a:hover{color:#444}#sw_as{color:#444}.sa_tm strong{color:#444}.sa_as{border-color:#999}.sa_hv{background:#ececec}#bepfo{border-color:#fff;background-color:#fff}.b_idOpen #id_l{background-color:#fff}.wpc_bub a{color:#4007a2}.b_searchbox{background-color:transparent}#b_header{margin-bottom:0}.b_scopebar{height:30px;overflow-y:hidden}.b_scopebar ul{padding:0 0 0 105px}.b_scopebar li,.b_scopebar a,.b_logo,.b_searchboxForm,#id_h .id_button,.id_avatar,.sw_pref{display:inline-block}.b_scopebar a{padding:0 15px}.b_active a,.b_searchboxForm{position:relative}.b_logoArea{width:90px;height:40px;margin:-2px 10px 0 0;float:left}.b_searchboxForm{padding:0 5px;border-width:1px;border-style:solid}.b_searchbox{width:490px;margin-top:2px;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:3px;margin-left:12px;border:0;padding-top:0;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0;max-height:30px;outline:none;border-right:1px solid;border-color:#ccc;box-sizing:border-box;position:relative;height:40px}.b_focus .b_searchbox{border-width:1px}.b_searchboxSubmit{width:40px;height:35px;border-top-width:6px;border-right-width:8px;border-bottom-width:6px;border-left-width:9px;margin:0;border-style:solid;text-indent:-99em;vertical-align:bottom;position:static;right:0;top:0}.b_focus .b_searchboxForm .b_searchboxSubmit{background-color:#fff;border-color:#fff}#b_header .b_searchbox{margin-right:0}.b_focus .b_searchboxForm{border-color:#ccc}#sw_as{display:none;width:auto;position:relative;z-index:6}.sa_as{border-width:1px;border-style:solid;position:absolute;display:none;width:100%}#sa_ul div.sa_tm,#sa_ul .sa_hd{margin-left:12px}#sw_as #sa_ul li.pp_tile{padding-left:12px}.b_searchboxSubmit,.sa_sg{cursor:pointer}#id_h{top:0;height:30px;text-align:right;z-index:2}#id_l,.id_button{padding:0 10px}.id_avatar{vertical-align:top;margin:5px 0 0 10px}.sw_meIc{margin-top:7px}#bepfo{border-width:0 1px 1px 1px;border-style:solid}#bepfo,#bepfm,#bepfl{width:320px}#bepfm{display:block}#bepfl{text-align:center;margin:50px 0}#id_d,#bepfo,#id_scfo{position:absolute;top:30px;z-index:6;text-align:left;color:#333;background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #ddd;border-top-width:0}#id_scfo{right:0}.b_idOpen #id_d{display:block;padding:11px 0 5px}#sw_tfbb,#id_d{display:none}.sw_pref{border-style:solid;border-width:7px 0 7px 10px;vertical-align:bottom}z{a:1}z{a:1}z{a:1}z{a:1}input{font:inherit;font-size:100%}.b_searchboxForm{font:18px/normal 'Segoe UI',Arial,Helvetica,Sans-Serif}.b_searchbox{font-size:16px}.b_scopebar,.id_button{line-height:30px}.b_scopebar{text-transform:uppercase}a,#b_header a,#b_header a:hover,#id_h a,#id_h a:hover,.b_toggle,.b_toggle:hover{text-decoration:none}#sa_ul,.pp_title{font:16px/normal 'Segoe UI',Arial,Helvetica,Sans-Serif}.sa_tm{line-height:36px}#sa_ul .sa_hd{font:11px/16px 'Segoe UI','Arial','Helvetica','Sans-Serif';cursor:default}#sw_as strong{font-family:'Segoe UI Semibold','Segoe UI',Arial,Helvetica,Sans-Serif}.b_scopebar li,.b_scopebar a,.b_searchboxForm,.id_button,#id_h img,#id_s,#id_n,#id_rc{zoom:1;display:inline}.b_selectionArrow{display:none}.b_active .b_selectionArrow{border-width:0 7px 7px;border-style:solid;display:inline-block;position:absolute;left:50%;top:23px;margin:0 0 0 -6px;height:0}.b_searchbox{height:27px;margin:3px 0 0;padding-left:12px;top:-1px}.b_searchboxSubmit{text-transform:capitalize;border:0;height:23px;width:23px;margin:6px 0}.b_searchboxSubmitWrapper{padding:6px 10px 6px 9px}.b_focus .b_searchboxSubmitWrapper{background-color:#fff}#sb_form{position:relative;z-index:6;height:40px}.b_logoArea{left:0;position:absolute}.b_searchboxForm{position:absolute;left:100px}.id_button{cursor:hand}#id_h{z-index:6}.sa_as{left:0}.b_active .b_selectionArrow{color:#fff;border-color:#fff;border-bottom-color:#fff}.b_searchbox{background-color:#fff}.b_searchboxForm input{font:18px/normal 'Segoe UI',Arial,Helvetica,Sans-Serif}z{a:1}body,#b_header{min-width:1129px}#id_h{display:inline-block;float:right;margin-right:0;position:relative}#id_d{right:25px}#id_h #bepfo{right:0}.b_scopebar{display:inline-flex;float:left}.b_navbar:after{clear:both;content:'.';display:block;height:0;visibility:hidden}.b_topbar{background-color:#fff;margin-bottom:10px;width:100%}.b_scopebar li.tools_scope a{border-radius:20px;padding:0 12px}.tools_scope:not(.active):hover a{background-color:#ececec}.b_dark .tools_scope:not(.active):hover a{background-color:#323130}.tools_scope.active a{background:#e2e9ff;color:#174ae4;font-weight:700}.b_dark .tools_scope.active a{background:#a2b7f4;color:#1b1a19}.b_scopebar li.tools_scope:hover{border-bottom-color:transparent}body:not(.b_sydConvMode) .b_scopebar #b-scopeListItem-conv svg,body:not(.b_sydConvMode) .b_scopebar #b-scopeListItem-conv .scp_conv_mode{display:none}.b_searchbox { width: 597px; } .hasmic .b_searchbox { width: 597px; } .hassbi .b_searchbox { width: 597px; } .hasmic.hassbi .b_searchbox { width: 597px; } #b_header .b_searchboxForm .b_searchbox.b_softkey { width: 597px; } #b_header .hasmic .b_searchboxForm .b_searchbox.b_softkey { width: 597px; } #b_header .hassbi .b_searchboxForm .b_searchbox.b_softkey { width: 597px; } #b_header .hasmic.hassbi .b_searchboxForm .b_searchbox.b_softkey { width: 597px; } .b_searchboxForm.as_rsform .b_searchbox { width: 923px; } .hasmic .b_searchboxForm.as_rsform .b_searchbox { width: 923px; } .hassbi .b_searchboxForm.as_rsform .b_searchbox { width: 923px; } .hasmic.hassbi .b_searchboxForm.as_rsform .b_searchbox { width: 923px; } #b_header .b_searchboxForm.as_rsform .b_searchbox.b_softkey { width: 923px; } #b_header .hasmic .b_searchboxForm.as_rsform .b_searchbox.b_softkey { width: 923px; } #b_header .hassbi .b_searchboxForm.as_rsform .b_searchbox.b_softkey { width: 923px; } #b_header .hasmic.hassbi .b_searchboxForm.as_rsform .b_searchbox.b_softkey { width: 923px; }.id_tooltip_container .id_button{padding:0 !important;margin:0 !important;margin-inline-start:8px !important;width:50px;text-align:center}.id_tooltip_container .tooltip_hide,.id_tooltip_container #id_rh,.id_tooltip_container #id_rbh,.id_tooltip_container #id_rfob,.id_tooltip_container #id_rh_w{width:auto}.id_tooltip_container #id_rh_w #rh_rwm.serp{margin-left:0}.id_tooltip_container .id_button{position:relative}.id_tooltip_container .id_button:hover::before,.id_tooltip_container #rh_rwm:hover::before{top:100%;left:50%;position:absolute;background-color:#666;width:12px;height:12px;content:"";transform:translateX(-50%) rotate(45deg);z-index:6;visibility:visible}.id_tooltip_container .id_button:hover::after,.id_tooltip_container #id_rh:hover:after,.id_tooltip_container #rh_rwm:hover::after{top:calc(100% + 5px);left:50%;position:absolute;background-color:#666;content:attr(aria-label);font:13px/18px Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;white-space:nowrap !important;width:auto !important;color:#fff;padding:10px 15px;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px rgba(0,0,0,.06),0 4px 12px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.14);border-radius:4px;z-index:4;transform:translateX(-50%);visibility:visible;text-align:start;max-width:200px}.id_tooltip_container .id_button::before,.id_tooltip_container .id_button::after,.id_tooltip_container .id_button.tooltip_hide::before,.id_tooltip_container .id_button.tooltip_hide::after,.id_tooltip_container #id_protected::before,.id_tooltip_container #id_protected::after,.id_tooltip_container .id_button:has(.medallionTooltipTrigger):hover::before,.id_tooltip_container .id_button:has(.medallionTooltipTrigger):hover::after,.id_tooltip_container .id_button#id_rh:has(.medallionTooltipTrigger):hover::after,.id_tooltip_container #id_rh_w:hover::before,.id_tooltip_container #id_rh_w:hover::after{visibility:hidden}.id_tooltip_container .medallionTooltip{top:calc(100% + 13px)}#id_a{background-color:#174ae4;color:#fff;border:none;border-radius:20px;box-shadow:none}#id_a:hover{box-shadow:0 3.2px 7.2px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.13),0 .6px 1.8px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1);background-color:#0078d4}#id_a:active{box-shadow:0 1.6px 3.6px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.13),0 .3px .9px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1);background-color:#106ebe}.rwds_svg{vertical-align:top;display:inline-block}.rwds_svg.serp{margin:8px 0 0 8px}.rhlined,.rhfill{vertical-align:top;width:32px;height:32px}#id_rh,#id_rbh{position:relative}.id_button toolTip:after,#id_rh:after{white-space:pre-line !important;width:200px}.rhcoinflip{vertical-align:top;width:60px;height:60px;position:absolute;right:-6px;top:-6px}#idCont .rhcoinflip{position:absolute;right:-5px;top:-9px}#rh_meter{vertical-align:top;width:40px;height:40px;margin-left:-36px;margin-top:-4px}.rh_reedm .rhlined,.rhfill,.rh_reedm .meter,.rd_hide{display:none}.rhlined,.rh_reedm .rhfill,#rh_meter{display:inline-block}.noBg .rhlined.hp .meter,.noBg .rhfill.hp .meter,.rhlined.serp .meter,.rhfill.serp .meter{stroke:rgba(177,177,177,.4)}.rhlined.serp .medal{fill:#919191}.noBg .rh_reedm .rhfill.hp .medal,.rh_reedm .rhfill.serp .medal{fill:#00809d}#rh_animcrcl{fill:none;stroke:transparent;stroke-width:0}#rh_animcrcl.anim{stroke-width:2}.rh_scale .rhfill,.rh_scale #rh_meter{animation:scaling .4s cubic-bezier(.3,.55,.1,1)}@-webkit-keyframes scaling{0%{transform:scale(1,1)}50%{transform:scale(1.3,1.3)}100%{transform:scale(1,1)}}@keyframes scaling{0%{transform:scale(1,1)}50%{transform:scale(1.3,1.3)}100%{transform:scale(1,1)}}#id_rbh.serp{padding-right:0}#id_rbh.serp.reverse{padding-left:14px}#id_rbh.serp svg{height:25px;fill:#818285}@media(max-width:1301.9px){#id_h #id_rbh,#idCont #id_h #id_rbh{display:none}#id_rfob,#id_rfoc{display:none !important}}#b_header.bm_oneMap #id_rh.id_button.toolTip.rh_reedm{top:1px}#b_header.bm_oneMap #serp_medal_svg{margin-top:0 !important}#id_rfob{display:inline-flex;flex-direction:row;justify-content:center;align-items:center;position:relative}#id_rfoc{display:none;overflow:hidden;top:100%;position:absolute;z-index:10;right:60px;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:0 16px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.14);background-color:#fff;color:#444;height:535px;width:360px;align-items:center;justify-content:center}#id_rfb{margin-right:8px}#b_results .sb_add .b_rhonclick:hover{cursor:default}.b_dark .serp .giftFill{fill:#a2b7f4}.b_dark .serp .giftStr{stroke:#a2b7f4}.serp .giftFill{fill:#174ae4}.serp .giftStr{stroke:#174ae4}.medallionTooltip{visibility:hidden;display:flex;position:absolute;top:36px;padding:10px;transform-origin:top center;min-width:120px;max-width:300px;font-size:13px;color:#fff;background:#666;border-radius:6px;z-index:10;justify-content:center;text-align:center;line-height:normal}.medallionTooltip::after{content:"";position:absolute;height:0;width:0;bottom:99%;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);-moz-transform:translateX(-50%);-webkit-transform:translateX(-50%);border-width:5px;border-style:solid;border-color:transparent transparent #666 transparent}.medallionTooltipTrigger:hover .medallionTooltip{visibility:visible;animation:animateTooltipBounceIn 200ms ease forwards}.medallionTooltipTrigger{display:flex;position:relative;justify-content:center;align-items:center}@keyframes animateTooltipBounceIn{0%{transform:scale(.3)}100%{transform:scale(1)}}a{z:1}a{z:1}a{z:1}a{z:1}a{z:1}a{z:1}.b_logo{background:url(/rp/_ofXcjy_m9xssb7yLtaOscIux0c.png) no-repeat}.b_logo{width:73px;height:29px}.b_searchboxSubmit{background-repeat:no-repeat}.b_searchboxSubmit{background-image:url(/rp/_ofXcjy_m9xssb7yLtaOscIux0c.png)}.b_searchboxSubmit{background-position:-97px 0}#b_header .b_searchboxForm pwa-container-wrapper{position:absolute !important;top:-80000px !important;left:-80000px !important}.b_deep ul{width:230px}#b_context, .b_contextWidth { width:256px; } .b_poleContent { width:984px; }<text>.b_navbar { width:</text>1104<text>px; }</text>/* default id_h is float to right with 20px padding space, this is only for web since web rearrang the id_h align closed to the contentwidth */<text>#b_header #id_h { margin-right: 0; }</text>html body { min-width: 1169px; }#b_results{ width: 648px;}#b_results>li{ width: 608px;}</style><style type="text/css">.hasmic .mic_cont.partner{display:inline-block}.mic_cont.partner{margin:0 0 5px 18px}</style><script type="text/javascript" nonce="Pn+ap9vL/euPW5yI+2t/TPg1Y3WP866TNeGLXAMi4yY=">//<![CDATA[ var amd,define,require;(function(n){function e(n,i,u){t[n]||(t[n]={dependencies:i,callback:u},r(n))}function r(n){if(n){if(n)return u(n)}else{if(!f){for(var r in t)u(r);f=!0}return i}}function u(n){var s,e;if(i[n])return i[n];if(t.hasOwnProperty(n)){var h=t[n],f=h.dependencies,l=h.callback,a=r,o={},c=[a,o];if(f.length<2)throw"invalid usage";else if(f.length>2)for(s=f.slice(2,f.length),e=0;e<s.length;e++)c.push(u(s[e]));return l.apply(this,c),i[n]=o,o}}var t={},i={},f=!1;n.define=e;n.require=r})(amd||(amd={}));define=amd.define;require=amd.require;var _w=window,_d=document,sb_ie=window.ActiveXObject!==undefined,sb_i6=sb_ie&&!_w.XMLHttpRequest,_ge=function(n){return _d.getElementById(n)},_qs=function(n,t){return t=typeof t=="undefined"?_d:t,t.querySelector?t.querySelector(n):null},sb_st=function(n,t){return setTimeout(n,t)},sb_rst=sb_st,sb_ct=function(n){clearTimeout(n)},sb_gt=function(){return(new Date).getTime()},sj_gx=function(){return sb_i6?new ActiveXObject("MSXML2.XMLHTTP"):new XMLHttpRequest};_w.sj_ce=function(n,t,i){var r=_d.createElement(n);return t&&(r.id=t),i&&(r.className=i),r};_w.sj_cook=_w.sj_cook||{get:function(n,t){var i=_d.cookie.match(new RegExp("\\b"+n+"=[^;]+")),r;return t&&i?(r=i[0].match(new RegExp("\\b"+t+"=([^&]*)")),r?r[1]:null):i?i[0]:null}};_w.sk_merge||(_w.sk_merge=function(n){_d.cookie=n});_w.ChatMergeLogHelper={getBotRequestId:function(n){var t=this.getChatJoinKeys(n);return t?t.rid:null},getConversationIg:function(n){var t=this.getChatJoinKeys(n);return t?t.ig:null},getChatJoinKeys:function(n){var i,r,u,t,o,f,e;return(function(n){n.Home="home";n.Search="search";n.Conversation="conversation";n.OffStage="off-stage";n.Notebook="notebook";n.GPTCreator="gpt-creator"}(u||(u={})),t=_w.GlobalInstTracker,o=null,typeof t!="undefined"&&t&&t.convModeToJoinKeys&&typeof _w.CIB!="undefined"&&((r=(i=_w.CIB)===null||i===void 0?void 0:i.vm)===null||r===void 0?void 0:r.mode)&&n)?(f=_w.CIB.vm.mode,f===u.Notebook?t.convModeToJoinKeys.get(f):t.convModeToJoinKeys.get("conversation")):(e=location.href.match(new RegExp("[?&]IID=Codex-[^?&#]*")))&&e[0]?{ig:_G.IG,rid:e[0].split("=Codex-")[1]}:o}};_w.bbe="A:rms:answers:Shared:BingCore.Bundle";define("fallback",["require","exports"],function(n,t){function f(){return function(){for(var r,h,c,t=[],n=0;n<arguments.length;n++)t[n]=arguments[n];if(r=s(arguments.callee),u&&(h=e(r),h.toString()!=f().toString()))return h.apply(null,arguments);c=i[r].q;t[0]==="onPP"&&o();c.push(t)}}function s(n){for(var t in i)if(i[t].h===n)return t}function e(n,t){for(var u,e=n.split("."),i=_w,r=0;r<e.length;r++)u=e[r],typeof i[u]=="undefined"&&t&&(i[u]=r===e.length-1?f():{}),i=i[u];return i}function o(){var e=i["rms.js"].q,o,f,r,n,s,u,t;if(e.length>0)for(o=!1,f=0;f<e.length;f++){for(r=e[f],n=0;n<r.length;n++)if(s=_w.bbe,u=r[n][s],u||(u=r[n]["A:rmsBu0"]),u){t=_d.createElement("script");t.setAttribute("data-rms","1");t.setAttribute("crossorigin","anonymous");t.src=u;t.type="text/javascript";setTimeout(function(){_d.body.appendChild(t)},0);r.splice(n,1);o=!0;break}if(o)break}}function h(){var n,t,f;for(u=!1,n=0;n<r.length;n++)t=r[n],f=e(t,!0),i[t]={h:f,q:[]}}function c(){for(var t,n=0;n<r.length;n++){var o=r[n],s=i[o].q,h=e(o);for(t=0;t<s.length;t++)h.toString()!==f().toString()&&h.apply(null,s[t])}u=!0}function l(n,t,i,r){n&&((n===_w||n===_d||n===_d.body)&&t=="load"?_w.sj_evt.bind("onP1",i,!0):n.addEventListener?n.addEventListener(t,i,r):n.attachEvent?n.attachEvent("on"+t,i):n["on"+t]=i)}t.__esModule=!0;t.replay=void 0;var r=["rms.js","sj_evt.bind","sj_evt.fire","sj_jb","sj_wf","sj_cook.get","sj_cook.set","sj_pd","sj_sp","sj_be","sj_go","sj_ev","sj_ue","sj_evt.unbind","sj_et","Log.Log","sj_mo","sj_so"],i={},u=!1;_w.fb_is=o;t.replay=c;h();_w.sj_be=l});function lb(){_w.si_sendCReq&&sb_st(_w.si_sendCReq,800);_w.lbc&&_w.lbc()};(function(){function n(n){n=sb_ie?_w.event:n;(!n.altKey||n.ctrlKey||n.shiftKey)&&(n.key&&n.key==="Enter"||n.keyCode&&n.keyCode===13)&&_w.si_ct(sb_ie?n.srcElement:n.target,!1,n,"enter")}sj_be(document,"keydown",n,!1)})();(function(){function n(n){_w.si_ct(sb_ie?_w.event.srcElement:n.target,!1,_w.event||n)}sj_be(document,"mousedown",n,!1)})();ClTrCo={furl:!0};var ctcc=0,clc=_w.ClTrCo||{},SerpMode;(function(n){n.Home="home";n.Search="search";n.Conversation="conversation";n.OffStage="off-stage";n.Notebook="notebook";n.GPTCreator="gpt-creator"})(SerpMode||(SerpMode={}));_w.si_ct=function(n,t,i,r){var w,b,u,e,o,l,f,nt,a,k,c,p,d;if(clc.SharedClickSuppressed)return!0;u="getAttribute";try{for(;n!==document.body;n=n.parentNode){if(!n||n===document||n[u]("data-noct"))break;if(e=(n.tagName==="A"||n[u]("data-clicks"))&&(n[u]("h")||n[u]("data-h")||n[u]("data-cspi"))||n[u]("_ct"),e){o=n[u]("_ctf");l=-1;i&&(i.type==="keydown"?l=-2:i.button!=null&&(l=i.button));o&&_w[o]||(o="si_T");o==="si_T"&&(f=n[u]("href"),_G!==undefined&&_G.EF!==undefined&&_G.EF.newtabredironclicktracking===1&&f.indexOf("/newtabredir")==0?(nt=new RegExp("[?&]?url=([^&]*)(&|$)"),a=f.match(nt),a&&(f=f.indexOf("&be=1")>=0?encodeURIComponent(atob(decodeURIComponent(a[1]))):a[1])):f=encodeURIComponent(n[u]("href")),clc.furl&&!n[u]("data-private")?e+="&url="+f:clc.mfurl&&(e+="&abc="+f));r&&(e+="&source="+r);k="";clc.mc&&(k="&c="+ctcc++);var v=_w.ChatMergeLogHelper,y=_w.GlobalInstTracker,s,h="";if(typeof v!="undefined"&&v&&typeof v.getChatJoinKeys=="function"&&(c=v.getChatJoinKeys(!0),c&&typeof y!="undefined"&&y&&typeof y.getRidFromInstTracker=="function"&&(p=null,typeof _w.CIB!="undefined"&&((b=(w=_w.CIB)===null||w===void 0?void 0:w.vm)===null||b===void 0?void 0:b.mode)&&(p=_w.CIB.vm.mode),(d=e.match(new RegExp("ID=[^?&#]*")))&&d[0]))){var tt=d[0].split("ID=")[1].split(","),g=tt[0].split("_")[0],rt=tt[1].split(".")[0];(g.length>5&&g.substring(0,6)==="Codex-"||p===SerpMode.Notebook||p===SerpMode.Conversation)&&(s=y.getRidFromInstTracker(g,rt),s||(s=c.rid),c.ig&&(h+="IG="+c.ig))}h+="&"+e+k;s&&(h+="&rid="+s);_w.si_sbwu(h)||_w[o]&&_w[o](h,n,i,l);break}if(t)break}}catch(it){_w.SharedLogHelper?SharedLogHelper.LogWarning("clickEX",null,it):(new Image).src=_G.lsUrl+'&Type=Event.ClientInst&DATA=[{"T":"CI.Warning","FID":"CI","Name":"JSWarning","Text":'+it.message+"}]"}return!0};_w.si_sbwu||(_w.si_sbwu=function(){return!1}),function(){_w._G&&(_G.si_ct_e="click")}();var wlc_d = 1500, wlc_t =63868047999;;var perf;(function(n){function f(n){return i.hasOwnProperty(n)?i[n]:n}function e(n){var t="S";return n==0?t="P":n==2&&(t="M"),t}function o(n){for(var c,i=[],t={},r,l=0;l<n.length;l++){var a=n[l],o=a.v,s=a.t,h=a.k;s===0&&(h=f(h),o=o.toString(36));s===3?i.push("".concat(h,":").concat(o)):(r=t[s]=t[s]||[],r.push("".concat(h,":").concat(o)))}for(c in t)t.hasOwnProperty(c)&&(r=t[c],i.push("".concat(e(+c),':"').concat(r.join(","),'"')));return i.push(u),i}for(var r=["redirectStart","redirectEnd","fetchStart","domainLookupStart","domainLookupEnd","connectStart","secureConnectionStart","connectEnd","requestStart","responseStart","responseEnd","domLoading","domInteractive","domContentLoadedEventStart","domContentLoadedEventEnd","domComplete","loadEventStart","loadEventEnd","unloadEventStart","unloadEventEnd","firstChunkEnd","secondChunkStart","htmlEnd","pageEnd","msFirstPaint"],u="v:1.1",i={},t=0;t<r.length;t++)i[r[t]]=t;n.compress=o})(perf||(perf={}));window.perf=window.perf||{},function(n){n.log=function(t,i){var u=n.compress(t),e,r;u.push('T:"CI.Perf",FID:"CI",Name:"PerfV2"');var s="/fd/ls/lsp.aspx?",h="sendBeacon",f=_w.ChatMergeLogHelper;typeof f!="undefined"&&typeof f.getBotRequestId=="function"&&(e=f.getBotRequestId(),e&&u.push('rid:"'.concat(e,'"')));var l="<E><T>Event.ClientInst<\/T><IG>".concat(_G.IG,"<\/IG><TS>").concat(i,"<\/TS><D><![CDATA[{").concat(u.join(","),"}]\]><\/D><\/E>"),c="<ClientInstRequest><Events>".concat(l,"<\/Events><STS>").concat(i,"<\/STS><\/ClientInstRequest>"),o=!_w.navigator||!navigator[h];if(!o)try{navigator[h](s,c)}catch(a){o=!0}o&&(r=sj_gx(),r.open("POST",s,!0),r.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","text/xml"),r.send(c))}}(window.perf);var perf;(function(n){function a(){return c(Math.random()*1e4)}function o(){return y?c(f.now())+l:+new Date}function v(n,r,f){t.length===0&&i&&sb_st(u,1e3);t.push({k:n,v:r,t:f})}function p(n){return i||(r=n),!i}function w(n,t){t||(t=o());v(n,t,0)}function b(n,t){v(n,t,1)}function u(){var u,f;if(t.length){for(u=0;u<t.length;u++)f=t[u],f.t===0&&(f.v-=r);t.push({k:"id",v:e,t:3});n.log(t,o());t=[];i=!0}}function k(){r=o();e=a();i=!1;sj_evt.bind("onP1",u)}var s="performance",h=!!_w[s],f=_w[s],y=h&&!!f.now,c=Math.round,t=[],i=!1,l,r,e;h?l=r=f.timing.navigationStart:r=_w.si_ST?_w.si_ST:+new Date;e=a();n.setStartTime=p;n.mark=w;n.record=b;n.flush=u;n.reset=k;sj_be(window,"load",u,!1);sj_be(window,"beforeunload",u,!1)})(perf||(perf={}));_w.si_PP=function(n,t,i){var r,s,a,c,e,l,o,v;if(!_G.PPS){for(s=["FC","BC","SE","TC","H","BP",null];r=s.shift();)s.push('"'+r+'":'+(_G[r+"T"]?_G[r+"T"]-_G.ST:-1));var u=_w.perf,h="navigation",r,f=i||_w.performance&&_w.performance.timing;if(f&&u){if(a=f.navigationStart,u.setStartTime(a),a>=0){for(r in f)c=f[r],typeof c=="number"&&c>0&&r!=="navigationStart"&&r!==h&&u.mark(r,c);_G.FCT&&u.mark("FN",_G.FCT);_G.BCT&&u.mark("BN",_G.BCT)}u.record("nav",h in f?f[h]:performance[h].type)}e="connection";l="";_w.navigator&&navigator[e]&&(l=',"net":"'.concat(navigator[e].type,'"'),navigator[e].downlinkMax&&(l+=',"dlMax":"'.concat(navigator[e].downlinkMax,'"')));o=_w.ChatMergeLogHelper;typeof o!="undefined"&&o&&typeof o.getBotRequestId=="function"&&(v=o.getBotRequestId());_G.PPImg=new Image;_G.PPImg.src=_G.lsUrl+'&Type=Event.CPT&DATA={"pp":{"S":"'+(t||"L")+'",'+s.join(",")+',"CT":'+(n-_G.ST)+',"IL":'+_d.images.length+"}"+(_G.C1?","+_G.C1:"")+l+(v?',"rid":"'+v+'"':"")+"}"+(_G.P?"&P="+_G.P:"")+(_G.DA?"&DA="+_G.DA:"")+(_G.MN?"&MN="+_G.MN:"");_G.PPS=1;sb_st(function(){u&&u.flush();sj_evt.fire("onPP");sj_evt.fire(_w.p1)},1)}};_w.onbeforeunload=function(){si_PP(new Date,"A")};sj_evt.bind("ajax.requestSent",function(){window.perf&&perf.reset()});var sj_log=function(n,t,i){var e=new RegExp('"',"g"),r=_G.lsUrl+'&Type=Event.ClientInst&DATA=[{"T":"'+n+'","FID":"CI","Name":"'+t+'","Text":"'+escape(i.replace(e,"")),u=_w.ChatMergeLogHelper,f;typeof u!="undefined"&&typeof u.getBotRequestId=="function"&&(f=u.getBotRequestId(),f&&(r+='","rid":"'+f));r+='"}]';(new Image).src=r};FallBackToDefaultProfilePic = function (e) { var new_element = document.createElement('span'); new_element.setAttribute('id', 'id_p'); new_element.setAttribute('class', 'sw_spd id_avatar'); new_element.setAttribute('aria-label', "Default Profile Picture"); new_element.setAttribute('role', 'link'); var p = e.parentNode; p && p.replaceChild(new_element, e); };var _d,sb_de;typeof _d=="undefined"&&(_d=document);sb_de=_d.documentElement; //]]></script></head><body class="b_respl"><div id="b_header" role="banner"><div class="b_scopebar" role="navigation" aria-label="Search Filter"><ul><li class=" b_active" data-menuUrl id="b-scopeListItem-web" data-query><a target="" href="/?scope=web&FORM=HDRSC1" h="ID=SERP,5027.1">All<div class="b_selectionArrow"> </div></a></li><li class="" data-menuUrl id="b-scopeListItem-images" data-query><a target="" href="/images/search?q=DARPAs+Memex+program+wikipedia&FORM=HDRSC2" h="ID=SERP,5028.1">Images<div class="b_selectionArrow"> </div></a></li><li class="" data-menuUrl id="b-scopeListItem-video" data-query><a target="" href="/videos/search?q=DARPAs+Memex+program+wikipedia&FORM=HDRSC3" h="ID=SERP,5029.1">Videos<div class="b_selectionArrow"> </div></a></li><li class="" data-menuUrl id="b-scopeListItem-news" data-query><a target="" href="/news/search?q=DARPAs+Memex+program+wikipedia&FORM=HDRSC4" h="ID=SERP,5030.1">News<div class="b_selectionArrow"> </div></a></li><li id="scope_tools_wrapper" class="tools_scope b_hide"><a href="javascript:void(0);" h="ID=SERP,5037.1">Tools</a></li></ul></div><div class="b_topbar"><div class="b_navbar"><div id="id_h" class="id_tooltip_container" role="complementary" aria-label="Account Rewards and Preferences" data-priority="2"><a id="id_l" class="id_button tooltip_hide" aria-haspopup="true" aria-controls="id_d" data-clarity-mask="true" href="javascript:void(0);" h="ID=SERP,5038.1"><span id="id_s" aria-hidden="false">Sign in</span><span class="sw_spd id_avatar" id="id_a" aria-hidden="false"></span><img id="id_p" class="id_avatar sw_spd" style="display:none" alt="Profile Picture" data-alt="" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAQAAAC1HAwCAAAAC0lEQVR42mNgYAAAAAMAASsJTYQAAAAASUVORK5CYII="/></a><span id="id_d" _iid="SERP.5060"></span><a class="id_button toolTip" id="id_rh" aria-label="Microsoft Rewards " role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" aria-controls="bepfo" href="javascript:void(0)" h="ID=SERP,5046.1"><span id="id_rc" class="serp" data-priority="">Rewards</span><span id="rewards_header_icon serp" class="rwds_svg serp pc"><span class="rhlined serp"></span><span class="rhfill serp"></span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" id="rh_meter"><circle cx="20" cy="20" r="14" id="rh_animcrcl" class="serp" stroke-dasharray="88, 88" transform="rotate(-90,20,20)"></circle></svg></span></a><a class="b_hide" id="id_rwl" data-title="Microsoft Rewards" href="/rewards/dashboard" h="ID=SERP,5045.1"></a><span id="nc_iid" _IG="E565BC450D87434581516B6B7CF68ADB" _iid="SERP.5044"></span><a id="id_sc" class="sw_pref" title="Settings and quick links" href="javascript:void(0);" h="ID=SERP,5059.1"></a><span id="id_scfo" _iid="SERP.5058" class="b_hide"></span></div></div></div><form action="/search" id="sb_form" class=""><a class="b_logoArea" target="" href="/?FORM=Z9FD1" h="ID=SERP,5032.1"><h1 class="b_logo" title="Back to Bing search"></h1></a><div class="b_searchboxForm" role="search"><input class="b_searchbox " id="sb_form_q" name="q" aria-autocomplete="both" aria-label="Enter your search here - Search suggestions will show as you type" type="search" value="DARPAs Memex program wikipedia" maxlength="1000" dir="" autocapitalize="off" autocorrect="off" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" /><span class="b_searchboxSubmitWrapper"><input type="submit" class="b_searchboxSubmit" id="sb_form_go" title="Search" tabIndex="0" name="go" value="Search" /></span><input id="sa_qs" name="qs" value="ds" type="hidden" /><input type="hidden" value="QBRE" name="form" /></div></form></div><script type="text/javascript" nonce="Pn+ap9vL/euPW5yI+2t/TPg1Y3WP866TNeGLXAMi4yY=">//<![CDATA[ var logJSText=function(n,t){t===void 0&&(t=null);(new Image).src=_G.lsUrl+'&Type=Event.ClientInst&DATA=[{"T":"CI.ClientInst","FID":"CI","Name":"'+escape(n)+(t?'","Text":"'+escape(t):"")+'"}]'},getHref=function(){return location.href};try{var ignErr=["ResizeObserver loop","Script error"],maxErr=3,ignoreThisError=function(n,t){return(t===void 0&&(t=null),!ignErr.some(function(t){return n.includes(t)}))?!1:(t!=null&&(typeof sj_sp!="undefined"&&sj_sp(t),typeof sj_pd!="undefined"&&sj_pd(t)),!0)},regexEsc=function(n){return n.replace(/([.?*+^$&[\]\$){}|<>-])/g,"\\$1")},FireInstrumError=function(n){typeof sj_evt!="undefined"&&sj_evt.fire("ErrorInstrumentation",n)};window.jsErrorHandler=function(n){var u,y,s,nt,tt,r,f,it,e,l,a,o;try{if(u='"noMessage"',y=(n.error||n).message||u,ignoreThisError(y,n))return;if(s=(window.ERC?window.ERC:0)+1,window.ERC=s,s>maxErr){logJSText("max errors reached");return}var h=n.error||n,p=n.filename,w=n.lineno,b=n.colno,k=n.extra,c=h.severity||"Error",d=h.message||u,i=h.stack,t='"'+escape(d.replace(/"/g,""))+'"',g=new RegExp(regexEsc(getHref()),"g");if(i){for(nt=/\(([^$]+):[0-9]+:[0-9]+\)/g,r={};(tt=nt.exec(i))!==null;)f=tt[1],r[f]?r[f]++:r[f]=1;e=0;for(l in r)r[l]>1&&(a=regexEsc(l),it=new RegExp(a,"g"),i=i.replace(it,e),i+="#"+e+"="+a,e++);i=i.replace(g,"self").replace(/"/g,"");t+=',"Stack":"'+(escape(i)+'"')}if(p&&(t+=',"Meta":"'+escape(p.replace(g,"self"))+'"'),w&&(t+=',"Line":"'+w+'"'),b&&(t+=',"Char":"'+b+'"'),k&&(t+=',"ExtraInfo":"'+k+'"'),d===u)if(c="Warning",t+=',"ObjectToString":"'+n.toString()+'"',JSON&&JSON.stringify)t+=',"JSON":"'+escape(JSON.stringify(n))+'"';else for(o in n)n.hasOwnProperty(o)&&(t+=',"'+o+'":"'+n[o]+'"');var rt=(new Date).getTime(),ut='"T":"CI.'+c+'","FID":"CI","Name":"JS'+c+'","Text":'+t+"",ft="<E><T>Event.ClientInst<\/T><IG>"+_G.IG+"<\/IG><TS>"+rt+"<\/TS><D><![CDATA[[{"+ut+"}]]\]><\/D><\/E>",et="<ClientInstRequest><Events>"+ft+"<\/Events><STS>"+rt+"<\/STS><\/ClientInstRequest>",v=new XMLHttpRequest;v.open("POST","/fd/ls/lsp.aspx?",!0);v.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","text/xml");v.send(et);FireInstrumError(t)}catch(ot){logJSText("MetaJSError","Failed to execute error handler. "+ot.message)}};window.addEventListener&&(window.addEventListener("error",window.jsErrorHandler,!1),window.addEventListener("unhandledrejection",window.jsErrorHandler,!1));window.addEventListener||window.onerror||(window.onerror=function(n,t,i,r,u){var f,e;ignoreThisError(n)||(f="",typeof n=="object"&&n.srcElement&&n.srcElement.src?f="\"ScriptSrc = '"+escape(n.srcElement.src.replace(/'/g,""))+"'\"":(n=""+n,f='"'+escape(n.replace(/"/g,""))+'","Meta":"'+escape(t)+'","Line":'+i+',"Char": '+r,u&&u.stack&&(e=new RegExp(regexEsc(getHref()),"g"),f+=',"Stack":"'+escape(u.stack.replace(e,"self").replace(/"/g,"")+'"'))),(new Image).src=_G.lsUrl+'&Type=Event.ClientInst&DATA=[{"T":"CI.GetError","FID":"CI","Name":"JSGetError","Text":'+f+"}]",FireInstrumError(f))})}catch(e){logJSText("MetaJSError","Failed to bind error handler "+e.message)};(function(n){var i,r,t;if(document.querySelector){i=[];r="ad";function u(){var w=sb_gt(),l=document.documentElement,h=document.body,u=0,n=-1,b=l.clientHeight,a=["#b_results ."+_G.adc,".sb_adsWv2",".ads","#b_topw ."+_G.adc],t,f,o,p,c,s,r;if(h){t=0;f=document.querySelector("#b_pole .b_PolePAContainer");f&&(t=f.offsetHeight,n=f?f.offsetTop:n);var v=document.querySelector("#b_results #productAdCarousel"),e=document.querySelector("#b_results .pa_b_supertop"),y=document.querySelector("#b_results .bn_wide");for(e?(n=e?e.offsetTop:n,t=e.offsetHeight):y?t+=y.offsetHeight:v&&(t+=v.offsetHeight),u=t,o=0;o<a.length;o++)for(p=a[o],c=document.querySelectorAll(p),s=0;s<c.length;s++)r=c[s],r&&r.className.indexOf("b_adTop")!==-1&&(u+=r.offsetHeight,n===-1&&(n=r?r.offsetTop:-1));u===0&&(u=-1);i=[n,u,l.clientWidth,b,h.offsetWidth,h.offsetHeight,sb_gt()-w]}}n?(t=n.onbeforefire,n.onbeforefire=function(){t&&t();u();n.mark(r,i)}):(t=si_PP,si_PP=function(){u();var n='"'+r+'":['+i.join()+"]";_G.C1=_G.C1?_G.C1+","+n:n;t.apply(null,[].slice.apply(arguments))})}})(_w.pp);_w.AM=["live.com","azureedge.net","virtualearth.net","windows.net","onenote","hexun.com","dict.bing.com.cn","msn.com","variflight.com","bing.net","msftoffers.com","chinacloudapp.cn","cbsnews.com","swx.cdn.skype.com","swc.cdn.skype.com","latest-swx.cdn.skype.com","a.config.skype.com","b.config.skype.com","platform.bing.com","microsofttranslator.com","bing.com","facebook.net",".delve.office.com",".uservoice.com",".cdn.office.net","platform.twitter.com","cdn.syndication.twimg.com","spoprod-a.akamaihd.net","bingstatic.com","yahoo.co.jp","youtube.com","ytimg.com","r.msftstatic.com","rafd.bing.com","rafd.staging-bing-int.com","raka.bing.com","r.bing.com","r.staging-bing-int.com","raka.staging-bing-int.com","rcf.staging-bing-int.com","rcf.bing.com","s.cn.bing.net","xpaycdn-int.azureedge.net","xpaycdn.azureedge.net","ssl.kaptcha.com","tst.kaptcha.com","snrproxy.binginternal.com","snrproxyeast.binginternal.com","snrproxync.binginternal.com","snrproxysc.binginternal.com","snrproxywest.binginternal.com","cetonc.binginternal.com","cetosc.binginternal.com","cetoeast.binginternal.com","cetowest.binginternal.com","akam.bing.com","akam.staging-bing-int.com","ewlmaakam.staging-bing-int.com","akamproxyeast.staging-bing-int.com","akamproxync.staging-bing-int.com","akamproxysc.staging-bing-int.com","akamproxywest.staging-bing-int.com","cjfdbemmaeeohgibnhdhlakiahifjjcf","ewlmaakam.staging-bing-int.com","bngpiglbalmenaabohcooocpnljgfemj","rwww.bing.com","vlscppe.microsoft.com","ov-df.microsoft.com","content.lifecycle.officeppe.net","content.lifecycle.office.net","pmservices.cp.microsoft.com","paymentinstruments.mp.microsoft.com","paymentinstruments-int.mp.microsoft.com","edge.payments.microsoft.com","uniblends.www.microsoft.com","login.microsoftonline.com","login.live.com","fpt.microsoft.com","cdn.fluidpreview.office.net"];_w.APD=[".delve.office.com",".uservoice.com",".cdn.office.net","a.config.skype.com","abcnews.go.com","amazon.com","apps.powerapps.com","app.powerbi.com","app.powerbi.cn","app.powerbi.de","app.powerbigov.us","b.config.skype.com","bfb","bfb-int","bing.com","bing.net","bing-int.com","bingsandbox.com","bingweathermap.azureedge.net","bloomberg.com","c.tenor.com","cbsnews.com","cdn.syndication.twimg.com","channel9.msdn.com","chinacloudapp.cn","clarity.ms","cnn.com","covid19healthbot.cdc.gov","covid19healthbot-dev.cdc.gov","ctmbing.azurefd.net","dailymotion.com","dict.bing.com.cn","downvids.com","downvids.net","edition.cnn.com","embed.vevo.com","euronews.com","facebook.com","fave.api.cnn.io","hexun.com","huffingtonpost.com","idsync.rlcdn.com","ign.com","imdb.com","latest-swx.cdn.skype.com","live.com","login.live-int.com","mashable.com","microsoft.com","microsoftonline.com","microsofttranslator.com","mathsolver.microsoft.com","msecnd.net","msftoffers.com","msit.powerbi.com","msn.com","mtv.com","onenote","photosynth.net","platform.bing.com","platform.twitter.com","powerbi-df.analysis-df.windows.net","r.msftstatic.com","rafd.bing.com","rafd.staging-bing-int.com","raka.bing.com","r.bing.com","r.staging-bing-int.com","raka.staging-bing-int.com","rcf.staging-bing-int.com","rcf.bing.com","rottentomatoes.com","s.cn.bing.net","skype.com","snrproxy.binginternal.com","snrproxyeast.binginternal.com","snrproxync.binginternal.com","snrproxysc.binginternal.com","snrproxywest.binginternal.com","spoprod-a.akamaihd.net","substrate.office.com","swc.cdn.skype.com","swx.cdn.skype.com","variflight.com","video.disney.com","videoplayercdn.osi.office.net","vimeo.com","azureedge.net","virtualearth.net","web.powerapps.com","widgets.icanbuy.com","widgets.ign.com","windows.net","wsj.com","xpaycdn-int.azureedge.net","xpaycdn.azureedge.net","ssl.kaptcha.com","tst.kaptcha.com","yahoo.co.jp","youtube.com","ytimg.com","zdnet.com","chrome-extension://haldlgldplgnggkjaafhelgiaglafanh","player.twitch.tv","mixer.com","3pcookiecheck.azureedge.net","cetonc.binginternal.com","cetosc.binginternal.com","cetoeast.binginternal.com","cetowest.binginternal.com","akam.bing.com","akam.staging-bing-int.com","ewlmaakam.staging-bing-int.com","akamproxyeast.staging-bing-int.com","akamproxync.staging-bing-int.com","akamproxysc.staging-bing-int.com","akamproxywest.staging-bing-int.com","cjfdbemmaeeohgibnhdhlakiahifjjcf","bngpiglbalmenaabohcooocpnljgfemj","opentable.com","wolframalpha.com","mswolfram-staging-tm.office.net","instacart.com","kayak.com","klarna.com","redfin.com","shopify.com","zillow.com","rwww.bing.com","content.lifecycle.officeppe.net","content.lifecycle.office.net","pmservices.cp.microsoft.com","paymentinstruments.mp.microsoft.com","paymentinstruments-int.mp.microsoft.com","edge.payments.microsoft.com","uniblends.www.microsoft.com","login.microsoftonline.com","login.live.com","fpt.microsoft.com","challenges.cloudflare.com"];_w.APC=["bm_","fb_","panelWrapper","df_topAlAs","df_playBut","df_vidTime","na_cai","ckt_","Light","Dark","taskbar","ssSIV","square_","partial-det","tall_","item","sw_","syd_","sb_","sml","ftrd","sa_","id_","sc_","flt_","fc_","cca","tab-","emb","ctx","dc_","cipa","dict","btm","wtr","wpc","fin","sp-","carousel","vp_","vid","nav_","vt","va_","avc","cic","sports","lc_","bing","dmap_","pvc_","ans_","mcd","composite","mt_","irp","iap","tv","aggtv","irhc","vrh","det","tit","sub","col","card","hlsel","hlblk","ovl","ctpt","bubble","memodal","meoverlay","c_","spl-","microsoft","skp","saa","unlockButton","overlay","obf","MapPushpinBase","pa_","aa_","skype_","ftrSbR","quizContainer","alrt_","st_","expan","word","rpt_","o_","e_","searchbar","row","Traffic","tl","gray","bep","wk_","crs_","w10","personal","fs3_","ezp_","hp","post","mc_","fb","lgb","el_","perf","stb","PP","bw","infobubble","l_","ms-","NavBar_","cmt_","bottom","Copyright","upsell","ab_","w_","hlig","eachStep","close_","cGifIcon","cThIcon","autosuggest","showtimesMovie","sel","dish","formatShowtimes","wp_","hasExpandText","forecast","as_","ecmp","cmp","comp","userChat","bot","bTyp","team","serp","preG","option","azBxInsert","ec_","cs_","spin","skype-conversation","conversation","fs_","grammarly","filterBar","withFilters","textanno","mv_lm","usagTpVsDosage","trans_button_group","algo_action_template","meg_item","ev_","ol_","offer","embed","videoplayercdn","searchNearby","directionsPanel","dragOverlay","infobox","mss","noneG","usage","drImp","sf_","dfindOverModal","circuit","swc","CodeMirror","cm-s-default","msg msg-warning","LogoContainer","quadrantOverride","ac-","gc-","fsmd-","fsg-","fsmf-","msto_","rq","geoItm","bqaq_quotes","bqap_padding","loc","ent_cnt","r_mf","exp_","btOverlay","mnot_container","info_C","ev_talkbox_notification","ev_talkbox_wrapper_min","p_tr_","slide","bnc-","itr_poi","cg-","elmlr_","scrl","gam-","htv-","genel-","gs_","qo_","jss_","mapsresp","geochainContainer","scaleBar","ae-","CalendarSync","spl_","adbDef","layerFrame","esp-","elis-","elcan-","elec-","sharegeneralcard","edu_","br-","covt_dd","covt_dd_sel","msac_sel","msac_ddi","cov_tt_tr","cov_tt_tn","cov_","dr_","bt_","epv_","rich_card","mf-item-cntr","footer_mcp","ntro-","ntro_","th-answer-explanation-wrapper","th-questions-completed","th-next-question","th-modal-wrapper","th-show-hint-wrapper","th-show-hint-description","th-show-hint-example","th-word-carousel","th-audio-player","retail_btf","na_","news_","nws_","scs_","scadt","jb_","peregrine-","opalfeedblock","expnd_c","wfr_grid ldeft","rwgradienttitle","azuremediaplayer","amp-","vjs-","logo-title-row","rwrl","wpt_hdrs","actionitem","sl_","ml_","wc_","rcld_","pst_expand_btn","pst_collapse_btn","hdr_rating","disambig-outline","editor-","sto_","tt_","nc_","dr_","pt_","qna-","qna_","paahybrid_content","b_floatrt","pec_","maplibregl","atlas-map","marker-collection-container","popup-collection-container","popup-container","popup-content-container","atlas-control-container","fui-","recharts","edgwklg_","dime-","dm","msalSilentIframe","mw_","scriptor-","focus-container","rd_tfil-ajaxLoad","cf-turnstile-wrapper","rcp-"];_w.APC2=["-DS-","obf"];_w.APN=["fb_ovrly_cnt","b_bfb","b_bfb_context_ans","b_mapOverlay","m365ChatPromptLibraryDialogSurface","dime-sdk"];0;(function(){function t(t,i){var u=t.tagName;return(u==="SCRIPT"&&(n.href=t.src)||u==="OBJECT"&&t.type&&t.type.indexOf("flash")>0&&(n.href=t.data))&&n.href.length>0&&n.hostname.length>0&&n.hostname!==location.hostname&&!e(n.hostname)?(sj_log("CI.AntiMalware",i,u.substr(0,1)+":"+n.href.substr(0,r)),!1):(t.getAttribute&&(t.getAttribute("data-rms")||t.getAttribute("data-bing-script"))&&t.setAttribute("nonce",o),!0)}function e(n){for(var t=0;t<i.length;t++)if(n.indexOf(i[t])>=0)return!0;return!1}var i=_w.AM,r=100,n=document.createElement("A"),o=_G.IG.substr(0,6),u,f;document.write=function(n){n.length>0&&sj_log("CI.AntiMalware","DW",n.substr(0,r))};typeof Element!="undefined"&&Element.prototype&&(u=Element.prototype.appendChild,Element.prototype.appendChild=function(n){return t(n,"AC")?u.apply(this,arguments):null},f=Element.prototype.insertBefore,Element.prototype.insertBefore=function(n){return t(n,"IB")?f.apply(this,arguments):null})})();var NetworkPerformance;(function(){function n(){var r=window.navigator,n,t=0,i=0;typeof r!="undefined"&&(n=r.connection);typeof n!="undefined"&&(t=n.rtt||t,i=n.downlink||i,typeof Log!="undefined"&&typeof Log.Log==typeof Function&&Log.Log("NetworkPerformance","NetworkPerformanceDetails","timinginfo",!1,"Rtt",t.toString(),"Downlink",i.toString()))}sj_evt.bind("onPP",n,!0)})(NetworkPerformance||(NetworkPerformance={}));var DynScopes;(function(n){function s(n,f,e,o,s){i||(t=n,r=o,u=s,sj_evt.fire("dynamicscopesrearranging",f),u||(c(f),y(e)),sj_evt.bind("onP1",h),i=!0)}function h(){if(sj_cook&&sj_cook.set&&sj_cook.clear){var n="dsc";sj_cook.clear(n,"/");t&&sj_cook.set(n,"order",t,!1,"/")}}function c(n){var f=p(),i,u,e,o,t;if(f){if(i=f.children,n){var h=n.split(","),i=f.children,c=i.length,s=[],a=[];for(t=0;t<h.length;t++)u=h[t].split(":"),u&&u.length==2&&(e=parseInt(u[0]),o=parseInt(u[1]),e<c&&o<c&&(s[o]=i[e].innerHTML,a[o]=i[e].id));for(t=0;t<s.length;t++)i[t].innerHTML=s[t],i[t].id=a[t]}r&&l(i);f.className=""}}function l(n){for(var i,r,u,t=0;t<n.length;t++)if(n[t].id===e||n[t].id===o){i=n.length-1;t!=i&&(r=n[t].innerHTML,u=n[t].id,t<i?a(n,t,i):v(n,i,t),n[i].innerHTML=r,n[i].id=u,sj_evt.fire("dynamicchatscoperelocate"));break}}function a(n,t,i){for(var r=t;r<i;r++)n[r].innerHTML=n[r+1].innerHTML,n[r].id=n[r+1].id}function v(n,t,i){for(var r=i;r>t;r--)n[r].innerHTML=n[r-1].innerHTML,n[r].id=n[r-1].id}function y(n){var u,f,t,e,i,s,r,o;if(n&&(f=n.split(":"),t=w(),(u=t===null||t===void 0?void 0:t.children)===null||u===void 0?void 0:u.length))for(e=t.children,i=0;i<f.length;i++)for(s="b-scopeListItem-"+f[i],r=0;r<e.length;r++)if(o=e[r],o.id===s){t.removeChild(o);break}}function p(){var n=_d.querySelectorAll(".b_scopebar > .b_scopehide");return n&&n.length>0?n[0]:null}function w(){var n=_d.querySelectorAll(".b_scopebar");return(n===null||n===void 0?void 0:n.length)?n[0].firstChild:null}var i=!1,t,r=!1,u=!1,f="b-scopeListItem-",e=f+"conv",o=f+"convups";n.init=s})(DynScopes||(DynScopes={}));var Identity; (function(Identity) { Identity.sglid =false; Identity.orgIdPhotoUrl ="https://business.bing.com/api/v3/search/person/photo?caller=IP\u0026id={0}"; Identity.setLoginPreference =false; Identity.isExplicitMsaSignIn =false; })(Identity || (Identity = {}));;var wlc_d =10, wlc_t =63868047999, wlc_wfa =false;;window.data_iid = "SERP.5053";;_G.AppVer="51594545"; //]]></script><script type="text/javascript" nonce="Pn+ap9vL/euPW5yI+2t/TPg1Y3WP866TNeGLXAMi4yY=" >//<![CDATA[ _G.FCT=new Date; //]]></script><script type="text/javascript" nonce="Pn+ap9vL/euPW5yI+2t/TPg1Y3WP866TNeGLXAMi4yY=" >//<![CDATA[ _G.BCT=new Date; //]]></script><style type="text/css">#b_content a.b_LinksColorMD,#b_content a:visited.b_LinksColorMD{color:#1a73e8}.b_CursorProgress{cursor:progress}#b_results .b_expando .b_icbtns .ibs_btn,#b_context .b_icbtns .ibs_btn,#b_pole .b_icbtns .ibs_btn{border-color:#106ebe;color:#106ebe}#b_content #b_context .b_sgmbtns a.cbtn,#b_content #b_context .b_sgmbtns a.cbtn:visited,#b_content #b_results .b_sgmbtns a.cbtn,#b_content #b_results .b_sgmbtns a.cbtn:visited,#b_content #b_context .b_sgmbtns .b_tpoptbtn,#b_content #b_context .b_sgmbtns .b_tpoptbtn:visited,#b_content #b_results .b_sgmbtns .b_tpoptbtn,#b_content #b_results .b_sgmbtns .b_tpoptbtn:visited{border-color:#106ebe;background-color:#106ebe}.listCard.vertcard a.ibs_1btns .ibs_btn .b_primtxt,.listCard.vertcard a.ibs_2btns .ibs_btn .b_primtxt{color:#106ebe}.wk_buttons .wk_button .cbtn input,.wq_tq_sbutton2 .cbtn input[type="submit"],#ifeu a#GoToButton,#b_results li .coupon>button,#b_context li .coupon>button,#b_content .gtOfferBtn,#b_content .b_ans .rebatesBanner a.cbtn,#b_content .wpc_module .rebatesBanner a.cbtn,.wpc_module .rebatesBanner a.cbtn,#b_content .b_sgmbtns a.cbtn,#b_content .b_sgmbtns a.cbtn:visited{background-color:#106ebe !important;color:#fff !important;border-color:#106ebe !important}#b_results .br-seemrbtnCntnt,#b_context .br-seemrbtnCntnt,#b_results .jb_see_all_btn,#b_results .wiki_seemore,.b_rich .iaplanner .iasabt,.salink .vasabt,.fb_seemorebutton,.sa_main .sa_sabt,.b_saContainer .sa_sabt,#b_results .ans_nws .new_see_more_container .new_see_more,.wfr_smlk,#b_content #b_pole #ans_nws .new_see_more{background-color:#106ebe !important}#financeAnswer .b_sideBleed .HeroTab .tab-active{box-shadow:inset 0 -3px 0 0 #106ebe !important;color:#106ebe !important}.toggle_img.overlay.toggle_on .indicator{fill:#106ebe !important}.b_filterButton.b_selected:not(.b_neutral),.tfil-sc-g .tfil-active{border-color:#106ebe !important;background-color:#106ebe !important}#ans_nws .tfil-sc-g .tfil-active{background-color:#767676 !important;border-color:#767676 !important}#lmfilters .lm_gfs .ftrH.b_selected,#lmfilters .lm_gfs .ftrH.b_selected:hover{border-color:#106ebe !important}#b_content #lMapContainer .advanceFilters .filterBar.lmFilters .ftrH.b_selected,#b_content #lMapContainer .advanceFilters .lm_filters .ftrH.b_selected,#b_content #lMapContainer .advanceFilters .b_filterButton.b_selected,#b_content #lMapContainer .advanceFilters .filterBar.lmFilters .ftrH.adv_clicked,#b_content #lMapContainer .advanceFilters .lm_filters .ftrH.adv_clicked{border-color:#106ebe !important;background-color:#106ebe !important}.tfil-sc-p .tfil-active,#b_filterBar .filtBarItem.selectedFilter,#b_filterBar #b_searchThisArea>span{border-color:#106ebe !important;background-color:#106ebe !important}#b_content .aqptmt .slide a.rel_ent{border-color:#106ebe}#b_content .b_imgans .aqptmt .slide a.rel_ent{border-color:#ddd}#lgb_info .lgb_facts svg path.gray50_fill,.b_entityTP .infoModule svg:not(#sacamerasvg) path.gray50_fill,.b_wftp_tms .infoModule svg path.gray50_fill,.b_lstp_tms .infoModule svg path.gray50_fill{fill:#106ebe}#b_content .b_rbubble.b_rselected{background-color:#106ebe;border-color:#106ebe}#b_content .b_cvnMtLink>a{border-color:#106ebe}#b_results #df_listaa .b_vPanel .df_hd .b_primtxt{color:#106ebe}#b_content .radio-container .checkmarked:after{background:#106ebe;border-color:#106ebe}#b_content .radio-container input:checked~.checkmarked{border-color:#106ebe}#warningsvg path.gray70_fill{fill:#106ebe}#b_tween{position:relative}#b_tween>div,#b_tween>span:not(.b_hide),#b_tween_searchTools>div,#b_tween_searchTools>span{display:inline-block}#b_content:not(.mapOverlayOnSerp) .b_hidetoggletween{display:none}#b_content:not(.mapOverlayOnSerp) #b_tween.b_hidetoggletween,#b_tween>div.b_hide{display:none}#b_tween_searchResults{line-height:30px}#b_tween_searchTools{height:30px}#b_tween>div>span{padding-right:25px}#b_tween #b_tween_searchTools .ftrH{padding-left:0}#b_tween .ftrB .b_dropdown{z-index:9}.ftrB{position:relative}.ftrH,.ftrHd,.ftrD>a,.ftrD>div{white-space:nowrap;height:36px;line-height:36px;padding:0 16px}.ftrD{max-height:216px;overflow:hidden;min-width:125px}.amazonBackground{background:#f2f2f2 !important}.ftrD>a,.ftrD>div{display:block}.ftrS .ftrD{margin-right:10px}.ftrSbR{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;height:100%;margin:5px 0;padding-right:3px}.ftrB .sw_ddbk{margin:2px 0 2px 7px}.ftrB .sw_tpcg,.ftrB .sw_tpcbl{margin:0 0 0 14px}.ftrH,.ftrHd,.ftrB .sw_ddbk,.ftrB .sw_tpcg,.ftrB .sw_tpcbl{display:inline-block;zoom:1}#b_tween a.ftrH{height:30px;line-height:30px;background-color:transparent;border:none;border-radius:16px;max-width:220px;padding:0 15px}#b_tween .ftrB.b_time_filter_bold a.ftrH{font-weight:bold}#b_tween .ftrB a.ftrH.b_selected,#b_tween .ftrB a.ftrH:hover,#b_tween .ftrB a.ftrH:focus{color:#111;cursor:pointer;background-color:#fff}@media screen and (-ms-high-contrast:active){#b_tween a.ftrH,div.b_dropdown .ftrD a{color:WindowText}}#b_tween .ftrB .b_dropdown{position:absolute;background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius:6px;box-shadow:0 2px 3px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1);margin-top:6px;min-width:160px;overflow:hidden;animation:.25s ease 0s 1 normal forwards tweenDropDown}#b_tween .ftrB .b_dropdown.hasError{max-height:350px !important}#b_tween .ftrB .b_dropdown.hasError .ftrD{max-height:350px}@keyframes tweenDropDown{from{max-height:0}to{max-height:312px}}#b_tween .b_dropdown .b_toggle{font-size:13px;color:#666}#b_tween .b_dropdown .b_selected{color:#111;background:#f5f5f5 !important}#b_tween .b_dropdown .b_highlighted{color:#111;font-weight:bold}.filDrop{display:inline-block;padding-left:8px;font-size:9px;vertical-align:bottom}#ntf_newtabfil{display:inline-block;padding-right:40px;font-size:14px}#ntf_newtabfil:hover{color:#111}#ntf_newtabfil .nt_tit{width:auto;margin-right:8px}#ntf_newtabfil .nt_val{margin-bottom:1px}.toggle_hidden{display:none}.toggle_ctrl{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;margin-left:5px;width:38px;height:16px;overflow:hidden}.toggle_img{position:relative;top:0;left:0}.toggle_label{display:inline-block;width:173px;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none}.no_outline .toggle_item{outline:none}.toggle_item{cursor:pointer}.toggle_img{position:relative;top:-18px;left:0}.toggle_img img{width:150px}.toggle_img.disabled{left:-76px}.toggle_img.overlay{left:-38px}.toggle_img.overlay.disabled{left:-114px}.toggle_img.toggle_on{top:0}#b_results .b_algo .b_vlist2col.b_deep{color:#767676}#b_results .b_algo .b_vlist2col.b_deep ul{width:274px}#b_results .b_algo .b_vlist2col.b_deep,#b_results .b_algo .b_deep.b_moreLink{padding-left:16px}#b_results .b_algo .b_vlist2col.b_deep>ul:first-child{margin-right:0}#b_results .b_algo .b_vlist2col.b_deep>ul:nth-child(2){margin-left:44px}#b_results .b_algo form.b_externalSearch{margin-left:16px}z{a:1}.b_caption.b_snippetgobig p{font-size:18px;line-height:24px !important;color:#111}.b_algo.b_algoBorder{box-shadow:0 0 0 1px rgba(0,0,0,.05);border-radius:0}#b_results>li.b_algoBorder{margin-top:8px;padding-top:15px}#b_results>li.b_algoBorder.b_algo_feedback{margin-bottom:19px;position:relative}.b_gobig_feedback{position:absolute;right:19px;bottom:-21px}#b_results>li.b_algoBorder.b_algo_feedback+li.b_ans.b_mop.b_mopb{margin-top:28px}a{a:1}#b_results .b_wikiRichcard p{display:inline;line-height:22px}.b_wikiRichcard .b_promoteText{font-weight:bold}.b_wikiRichcard .tab-head{border-bottom:1px solid #ddd;margin-bottom:12px}#b_results>li .b_wikiRichcard .wikiRichcard_heroSection{padding-bottom:12px}#b_results>li .b_wikiRichcard .wikiRichcard_heroSection p{color:#111}#b_results>li .b_wikiRichcard .tab-content p,#b_results>li .b_wikiRichcard .tab-content a{color:#444}#b_results>li .b_wikiRichcard .tab-container a{border-bottom:1px dashed #ccc}#b_results>li .b_wikiRichcard a.b_mopexpref{border-bottom:none}#b_results>li .b_wikiRichcard .tab-container a:hover{background-color:#ebf4ff;height:20px;border-radius:2px;text-decoration:none}#b_results>li .b_wikiRichcard .inline>a:hover{background-color:transparent;text-decoration:none}#b_results>li .b_wikiRichcard a[href*="wikipedia.org"],#b_results>li .b_wikiRichcard a[href*="wikipedia.org"]:hover,#b_results .b_wikiRichcard .wiki_attr a,#b_results .b_wikiRichcard .wiki_attr a:hover{border-bottom:none}#b_results>li .b_wikiRichcard a[href*="wikipedia.org"]:hover,#b_results .b_wikiRichcard .wiki_attr a:hover{text-decoration:underline;background-color:#fff}.b_wikiRichcard .wiki_attr{padding-bottom:10px;line-height:1.2em}#b_results>li .b_wikiRichcard_noHeroSection .b_wikiRichcard p{line-height:20px;color:#666;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:5;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;overflow:hidden;padding-bottom:0}.b_wikiRichcard_noHeroSection .b_imagePair .b_wikiRichcard_image{float:right;margin-top:2px}.b_wikiRichcard_noHeroSection .b_wikiRichcard .b_clearfix.b_overflow{line-height:20px}.b_wikiRichcard_noHeroSection .b_imagePair .b_wikiRichcard_image_caption{margin-right:110px}.b_wikiRichcard_noHeroSection .b_imagePair .sml{display:none}#b_results li.b_algoBigWiki:hover h2 a{text-decoration:underline}.b_wikiRichcard_noHeroSection .b_floatR_img{padding:0 0 10px 10px}.mc_fh{height:100%;border-radius:6px}.mc_tc_bs{overflow:hidden}.b_mapImg .cico,.sa_as .cico,#reviews_tp .cico{border-radius:0}.cico{overflow:hidden;border-radius:6px}.clpimg,.clpdimg,.bsimg{width:100%}.cico picture{line-height:0;display:block}.pvc_title_with_frows{padding-bottom:10px}.paratitle .actionmenu{float:right;margin-top:-26px}.paratitle .actionmenu::after{float:none}.b_paractl,#b_results .b_paractl{line-height:1.5em;padding-bottom:10px}.btm_sml a{line-height:16px;border-bottom-left-radius:0;border-bottom-right-radius:0}.btm_sml{padding-bottom:10px}.btm_sml .expansionDefaultText,.btm_sml .expansionCustomizedText{display:inline-block;*display:inline;zoom:1}.expandChevronContainer{display:inline-block;*display:inline}.expandChevronContainer.hasExpandText{line-height:16px;vertical-align:middle}.btm_sml .expandChevronContainer>*{margin-left:8px;display:inline-block;*display:inline}.btm_sml .sw_plus,.btm_sml .sw_minus,.sml .sw_plus,.sml .sw_minus{display:inline-block;text-decoration:none;margin:0 5px 1px 0}.b_tblWithExpansion .btm_sml,.b_tblWithExpansion .sml{padding-bottom:10px}.b_relative .btm_sml,.b_relative .sml{letter-spacing:2px}.inline{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;*display:inline;zoom:1}.sml.inline .sw_plus,.sml.inline .sw_minus{margin:0}.hidden_nostyle{padding:0 !important;margin:0 !important}.exp_slide{overflow:hidden;opacity:1;-webkit-transition:height ease-in-out 350ms,opacity ease-in-out 350ms;-moz-transition:height ease-in-out 350ms,opacity ease-in-out 350ms;-o-transition:height ease-in-out 350ms,opacity ease-in-out 350ms;transition:height ease-in-out 350ms,opacity ease-in-out 350ms}.exp_slide.b_hide{display:block;opacity:0;height:0 !important;padding-top:0 !important;padding-bottom:0 !important;margin-top:0 !important;margin-bottom:0 !important;border-top:0 !important;border-bottom:0 !important}body.exp_scroll{-webkit-transition:margin-top ease-in-out 350ms;-moz-transition:margin-top ease-in-out 350ms;-o-transition:margin-top ease-in-out 350ms;transition:margin-top ease-in-out 350ms}.b_ans .btm_sml{border-top:1px solid #cdcdcd}#b_context .b_ans .btm_sml{border-top:1px solid #ebebeb}.b_ans.b_topborder .btm_sml{border-top:0}#b_results>.b_ans .btm_sml a,#b_results>.b_ans .btm_sml a:visited,#b_context>.b_ans .btm_sml a,#b_context>.b_ans .btm_sml a:visited{color:#444}.b_ans.b_top .btm_sml a,.b_ans.b_top .btm_sml a:hover{background-color:transparent}.b_ans.b_topborder .btm_sml a{background-color:#f9f9f9}.b_ans.b_topborder .btm_sml a:hover{background-color:#eee}.b_dark .b_ans.b_topborder .btm_sml a,.b_dark .b_ans.b_topborder .btm_sml a:hover{background-color:#323130}.b_ans.b_top .btm_sml{padding-bottom:10px}.b_ans.b_top .btm_sml a{margin-bottom:0}.b_ans.b_topborder .btm_sml{padding-bottom:0}.b_ans.b_topborder .sydwrap_wrapper .btm_sml{padding-bottom:10px}.b_ans.b_topborder .btm_sml a{margin-bottom:-10px}.btm_sml a{display:block}.b_ans .btm_sml a{line-height:40px;height:40px}.b_ans.b_topborder .btm_sml a{line-height:48px;height:48px}.b_ans.b_topborder .btm_sml .newexpcont{height:32px;line-height:32px}.b_sydConvMode .b_ans.b_topborder .btm_sml .newexpcont{height:48px;line-height:32px}#b_results .b_ans:not(.b_top):not(.b_topborder) :not(.b_entityTP) .btm_sml .b_mopexpref,#b_results .b_ans.b_mop .btm_sml .b_mopexpref{height:16px;line-height:16px;color:#001ba0}.b_ans.b_topborder .btm_sml .b_segoeMDL2{font-family:"Segoe MDL2 Assets"}.btm_sml{position:relative}#b_context .b_ans .btm_sml a{line-height:40px;height:40px}.b_top .sa_cpoc .b_expando .btm_sml .expandChevronContainer>*,#b_context .b_ans .btm_sml .expandChevronContainer>*{margin-top:15px;margin-right:0;position:absolute;right:0;top:0}.sa_cpoc .b_expando .btm_sml{border-top:1px solid #bbb}#b_results .b_top .sa_cpoc .b_expando .btm_sml .b_expDesk{text-align:left}#b_results .b_top .sa_cpoc .b_expando .btm_sml a{margin:0}#b_results .b_top .sa_cpoc .b_expando .btm_sml .expansionCustomizedText{color:#444}.b_top .sml.topanswer a,.b_top .btm_sml a{background-color:#f9f9f9;margin:0 -19px -10px -19px;display:block;text-decoration:none;text-align:center}.b_top .sml.topanswer a{line-height:35px;outline:none}.b_top .btm_sml .leftAlign{text-align:left}.b_top .btm_sml a{line-height:40px;height:40px;vertical-align:middle}.b_top .btm_sml{padding-bottom:0}.b_top .btm_sml a:hover,.b_top .sml.topanswer a:hover{background-color:#eee}.b_top .btm_sml a .expansionDefaultText{display:none;text-align:center}.b_top .btm_sml a .expansionCustomizedText{text-align:left;padding:0 0 0 19px;display:inline-block;*display:inline;zoom:1}.b_top .btm_sml .expansionChevronDown,.b_top .btm_sml .expansionChevronUp{background-repeat:no-repeat;height:9px;width:16px;display:inline-block;*display:inline;zoom:1;background-position:0 0;margin:0 19px 0 12px}.b_top .btm_sml .expandChevronContainer{line-height:40px;vertical-align:middle}.b_top .btm_sml .expansionChevronDown.noExpandText,.b_top .btm_sml .expansionChevronUp.noExpandText{margin:0}.b_top .btm_sml .expansionChevronUp.hasExpandText,.b_top .btm_sml .expansionChevronDown.hasExpandText{margin-bottom:0}#b_results>.b_top .btm_sml a,#b_results>.b_top .btm_sml a:visited{color:#444}.e_mhdr .btm_sml a{padding:0;border-top:0;margin-top:10px}.b_top .btm_sml .expansionChevronUp{background-image:url(/rp/c4pKlVbt2KgY9wFQXYe8KqoHuzQ.png)}.b_top .btm_sml .expansionChevronDown{background-image:url(/rp/ak5A-kIzM-v9JjRbH7FaoGRYoEw.png)}#b_results .b_top .btm_sml .expandChevronContainer.hasExpandText{margin-top:-4px}#b_results .b_top .btm_sml .b_expDesk{height:48px}#b_results .b_top .btm_sml .b_expDeskNoText{height:32px}#b_results .b_ans.b_topborder .btm_sml .newexpcont{height:auto}#b_results .b_topborder .chevronContainerDown:hover{box-shadow:0 0 0 0 rgba(0,0,0,.05),0 2px 4px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.18)}#b_results .b_topborder .chevronContainerDown,#b_results .b_topborder .chevronContainerDown:active{box-shadow:0 0 0 0 rgba(0,0,0,.05),0 2px 3px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1)}#b_results .b_topborder .chevronContainerUp:hover{box-shadow:0 0 0 0 rgba(0,0,0,.05),0 -2px 4px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.18)}#b_results .b_topborder .chevronContainerUp,#b_results .b_topborder .chevronContainerUp:active{box-shadow:0 0 0 0 rgba(0,0,0,.05),0 -2px 3px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1)}#b_results .b_top .btm_sml a .expansionCustomizedText{padding:0}#b_results .b_top .btm_sml a .b_expcol{padding:0;color:transparent}#b_results .b_top .sydwrap_wrapper .btm_sml a .b_expcol{color:#444}#b_results .b_topborder .b_expwide{margin-left:50%}#b_results .b_topborder .b_expChevTOP{margin-left:50%}#b_results .b_top .btm_sml.b_expV3,#b_results .b_ans:not(.b_top):not(.b_topborder) :not(.b_entityTP) .btm_sml.b_expV3{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center}#b_results .b_ans:not(.b_top):not(.b_topborder) :not(.b_entityTP) .btm_sml.b_expV3{padding-bottom:0}#b_results .b_top .btm_sml.b_expV3 a,#b_results .b_ans:not(.b_top):not(.b_topborder) :not(.b_entityTP) .btm_sml.b_expV3 a{box-shadow:0 2px 3px 0 #000;box-shadow:0 2px 3px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1);border:1px solid #ddd;color:#666;height:40px;line-height:40px;border-radius:20px;padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;background-color:#fff;margin-bottom:-30px}#b_results .b_top .btm_sml.b_expV3 a svg,#b_results .b_ans:not(.b_top):not(.b_topborder) :not(.b_entityTP) .btm_sml.b_expV3 a svg{padding-left:10px}#b_results .b_top .btm_sml.b_expV3 a:hover,#b_results .b_ans:not(.b_top):not(.b_topborder) :not(.b_entityTP) .btm_sml.b_expV3 a:hover{box-shadow:0 2px 4px 1px #000;box-shadow:0 2px 4px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.14);border:1px solid #ccc;color:#111}#b_results .b_top.b_tophb .btm_sml.b_expV3 a{margin-bottom:-35px}.b_ans .b_sideBleed,.b_algo .b_sideBleed,.b_ad .b_sideBleed{margin-left:-20px;margin-right:-20px}.b_ans.b_topborder .b_sideBleed,.b_ans.b_nonfirsttopb .b_sideBleed{margin-left:-19px;margin-right:-19px}.b_topborder .b_bottomBleed,.b_nonfirsttopb .b_bottomBleed{margin-bottom:-10px}.b_tophbb .b_bottomBleed{margin-bottom:-19px}.b_topborder .b_topBleed,.b_nonfirsttopb .b_topBleed{margin-top:-15px}.b_tophbb .b_topBleed{margin-top:-15px}#b_context .b_ans .b_sideBleed{margin-left:-20px;margin-right:-20px}#b_context .b_ad .b_sideBleed{margin-left:-20px;margin-right:-20px}#b_context .b_ans:not(:last-child) .b_bottomBleed{margin-bottom:-5px}#b_context .b_ad:not(:last-child) .b_bottomBleed .b_expando .b_ans .b_bottomBleed{margin-bottom:-15px}#b_context .b_ans .b_topBleed{margin-top:-10px}#b_context .b_ad .b_topBleed{margin-top:-10px}#b_context .b_ans .b_entityTP .b_sideBleed,#b_context .b_ad .pa_sb .b_sideBleed{margin-left:-19px;margin-right:-19px}#b_context .b_ans .b_entityTP .b_topBleed,#b_context .b_ad .pa_sb .b_topBleed{margin-top:-9px}#b_context .b_ans .b_entityTP .b_bottomBleed{margin-bottom:-4px}.b_ans .b_sideBleed .b_antiSideBleed,.b_algo .b_sideBleed .b_antiSideBleed,.b_ad .b_sideBleed .b_antiSideBleed{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px}.b_ans.b_topborder .b_antiSideBleed,.b_ans.b_nonfirsttopb .b_antiSideBleed{padding-left:19px;padding-right:19px}.b_topborder .b_bottomBleed .b_antiBottomBleed,.b_nonfirsttopb .b_bottomBleed .b_antiBottomBleed{padding-bottom:10px}.b_topborder .b_topBleed .b_antiTopBleed,.b_nonfirsttopb .b_topBleed .b_antiTopBleed{padding-top:15px}.b_tophbb .b_bottomBleed .b_antiBottomBleed{padding-bottom:19px}.b_tophbb .b_topBleed .b_antiTopBleed{padding-top:15px}#b_context .b_ans .b_antiSideBleed{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px}#b_context .b_ad .b_antiSideBleed{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px}#b_context .b_ans:not(:last-child) .b_antiBottomBleed{padding-bottom:5px}#b_context .b_ad:not(:last-child) .b_antiBottomBleed,.b_expando .b_ans .b_bottomBleed{padding-bottom:15px}#b_context .b_ans .b_antiTopBleed{padding-top:10px}#b_context .b_ad .b_antiTopBleed{padding-top:10px}#b_context .b_ans .b_entityTP .b_antiSideBleed,#b_context .b_ad .pa_sb .b_antiSideBleed{padding-left:19px;padding-right:19px}#b_context .b_ans .b_entityTP .b_antiTopBleed,#b_context .b_ad .pa_sb .b_antiTopBleed{padding-top:9px}#b_context .b_ans .b_entityTP .b_antiBottomBleed{padding-bottom:4px}.cipt,.cipg,.cipa,.cipl,.ciptr,.ciplr{display:inline-block}.cipa,.cipl,.ciplr{cursor:pointer}.vab{vertical-align:bottom}.vam{vertical-align:middle}.vat{vertical-align:top}.vabl{vertical-align:baseline}.vatt{vertical-align:text-top;border-radius:0}.vatb{vertical-align:text-bottom}.ChevronDown12,.ChevronUp12{background:url(/rp/QKlTrqL25sGDqfRYQjkMWJWDeG8.png) no-repeat;background-size:494px 58px;width:12px;height:12px}.ChevronDown12{background-position:-372px 0}.ChevronUp12{background-position:-372px -14px}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){#bpage.b_med .ChevronDown12{background-position:-386px 0}#bpage.b_med .ChevronUp12{background-position:-386px -14px}}#bpage.b_drk .ChevronDown12{background-position:-386px 0}#bpage.b_drk .ChevronUp12{background-position:-386px -14px}.cipt,.cipl{margin-right:10px}.cipt .cico,.cipl .cico,.ciptr .cico,.ciplr .cico{border-radius:0}.b_action>.cipt,.b_action>.cipl{float:left}.ciptr,.ciplr{margin-left:10px}body .cipt,body .cipg,body .cipa,body .cipl,body .ciptr,body .ciplr{display:inline;zoom:1}.expansionAccessibilityText { display: none; }.tab-container{overflow:hidden;margin:0 auto;white-space:nowrap;padding-bottom:10px}.tab-head{display:inline-block;margin-bottom:10px;width:100%}.tab-menu{display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;vertical-align:top;width:100%}.tab-menu.tab-hasnav{margin-left:2px;margin-right:2px;height:32px;line-height:32px}.tab-menu ul{list-style:none;margin-left:0}.tab-menu ul.sp_1{transition:margin 320ms cubic-bezier(.3,.55,.1,1)}.tab-menu ul.sp_2{transition:margin 400ms cubic-bezier(.3,.55,.1,1)}.tab-menu ul.sp_3{transition:margin 460ms cubic-bezier(.3,.55,.1,1)}.tab-menu ul.sp_4{transition:margin 560ms cubic-bezier(.3,.55,.1,1)}.tab-menu ul.sp_5{transition:margin 680ms cubic-bezier(.3,.55,.1,1)}.tab-menu.tab-flex ul{display:flex}ul.tab-notrans{transition:none}.tab-menu li,.tab-navl,.tab-navr{display:inline-block;cursor:pointer;text-align:center;line-height:32px;height:32px;width:32px}@media screen and (-ms-high-contrast:active){.tab-navr svg,.tab-navl svg{fill:WindowText}}.tab-menu li.tab-active,.tab-navl.tab-disable,.tab-navr.tab-disable{cursor:default}@media screen and (-ms-high-contrast){.tab-menu li.tab-active{border-bottom:1px solid WindowText;height:30px}}.tab-menu li{padding:0 16px;margin-right:2px}.tab-fullwidth li{margin-right:0}.tab-navl.tab-disable,.tab-navr.tab-disable{background-color:#ececec}.tab-navl.tab-disable:hover,.tab-navr.tab-disable:hover{background-color:#ececec}.tab-navl.tab-disable .sv_ch,.tab-navr.tab-disable .sv_ch{fill:#444;opacity:.2}.tab-navl.tab-disable .sv_ch :hover,.tab-navr.tab-disable .sv_ch :hover{fill:#444;opacity:.2}.tab-navl:hover,.tab-navr:hover{background-color:#f5f5f5}.tab-navl .sv_ch :hover,.tab-navr .sv_ch :hover{fill:#111}.tab-menu li.tab-active{line-height:32px}.tab-menu.tab-fullwidth li.tab-active{box-shadow:none;line-height:32px;background-color:#ececec;color:#111;border:0;border-top:none}.tab-content{white-space:normal}.tab-hide{display:none}.tab-ajaxLoad{background:url(/rp/Dq3c4WiQf6W_1npctmuqOl5qkG0.gif) no-repeat;width:40px;height:60px;background-size:40px 40px;margin:0 auto;position:relative;top:60px;padding-bottom:30px;transform:translateY(-30px);-webkit-animation:.4s linear 0s 1 normal forwards delayLoader;animation:.4s linear 0s 1 normal forwards delayLoader}@-webkit-keyframes delayLoader{0%{opacity:0}99%{opacity:0}100%{opacity:1}}@keyframes delayLoader{0%{opacity:0}99%{opacity:0}100%{opacity:1}}.tab-ajaxCompleted{transition:transform .32s cubic-bezier(.3,.55,.1,1)}.tab-ajaxError{margin:30px 0 0;text-align:center}.tab-menu.tab-flex>ul>li{-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}.tab-menu li{overflow:hidden;-ms-text-overflow:ellipsis;text-overflow:ellipsis;vertical-align:top}.tab-menu li:last-child{margin-right:0}.tab-head,.tab-menu>ul{height:32px}.tab-head.tab-customLight .tab-menu li{background-color:transparent;color:#444;opacity:.8}.tab-head.tab-customDark .tab-menu li{background-color:transparent;color:#fff;opacity:.8}.tab-head.tab-customLight .tab-menu li:hover,.tab-head.tab-customDark .tab-menu li:hover{box-shadow:none;border-top:0}.tab-head.tab-customLight .tab-navl,.tab-head.tab-customLight .tab-navr,.tab-head.tab-customDark .tab-navl,.tab-head.tab-customDark .tab-navr{background-color:transparent}.tab-head.tab-customLight .tab-menu li.tab-active{box-shadow:inset 0 -3px 0 0 #444;opacity:1}.tab-head.tab-customDark .tab-menu li.tab-active{box-shadow:inset 0 -3px 0 0 #fff;opacity:1}.tab-head.tab-customLight .tab-menu.tab-fullwidth li,.tab-head.tab-customDark .tab-menu.tab-fullwidth li{box-shadow:none;border-top:0;font-weight:normal}.tab-head.tab-customLight .tab-navl span,.tab-head.tab-customLight .tab-navr span,.tab-head.tab-customDark .tab-navl span,.tab-head.tab-customDark .tab-navr span{background-image:url(/rp/S9lIHAMBy7JxaR5m1KRvMwDswyw.png);background-size:30px 150px;background-repeat:no-repeat;width:100%;height:100%;margin:0;display:block}.tab-head.tab-customLight .tab-navl span,.tab-head.tab-customLight .tab-navr span{background-position:0 -60px}.tab-head.tab-customDark .tab-navl span,.tab-head.tab-customDark .tab-navr span{background-position:0 0}.tab-head.tab-customLight .tab-navl span,.tab-head.tab-customDark .tab-navl span{transform:scaleX(-1);-webkit-transform:scaleX(-1);-moz-transform:scaleX(-1);-o-transform:scaleX(-1)}.tab-head.tab-customLight .tab-navl.tab-disable span,.tab-head.tab-customLight .tab-navr.tab-disable span,.tab-head.tab-customDark .tab-navl.tab-disable span,.tab-head.tab-customDark .tab-navr.tab-disable span{background-position:0 -30px}.tab-menu li,.tab-navl,.tab-navr{color:#737373}.tab-menu li{background-color:#eee;color:#444}.tab-fullwidth li{background-color:#eee}.tab-navl,.tab-navr{background-color:#eee;user-select:none}.tab-menu li:hover{box-shadow:inset 0 -3px 0 0 #ccc;background-color:#f5f5f5;color:#111;border-top:none}.tab-menu li.tab-active{box-shadow:inset 0 -3px 0 0 #de3700;background-color:#ececec;color:#111;border-top:none}.b_ad .tab-flex li:hover,.tab-flex li:hover{box-shadow:inset 0 -3px 0 0 #ccc;background-color:#f5f5f5;color:#111;border-top:none}.b_ad .tab-flex li.tab-active,.tab-flex li.tab-active{box-shadow:inset 0 -3px 0 0 #de3700;background-color:#ececec;color:#111;border-top:none}@media(forced-colors:active){.b_ad .tab-flex li.tab-active,.tab-flex li.tab-active{position:relative}.b_ad .tab-flex li.tab-active::after,.tab-flex li.tab-active::after{content:"";background-color:#de3700;display:block;position:absolute;bottom:0;left:0;width:100%;height:3px;forced-color-adjust:none}}.tab-menu li:hover{border-top:2px solid #1020d0;box-shadow:none}.tab-menu li.tab-active{border-top:2px solid #f84e29;box-shadow:none}.tab-menu>ul{height:32px}div .tab-menu,div .tab-menu li,div .tab-navl,div .tab-navr{display:inline;zoom:1}.fdbk_thmb_root{display:inline-block;position:relative;float:right}.fdbk_hide{display:none !important}.fdbtext{display:inline-block;margin-right:3px;font-size:11px;line-height:15px;vertical-align:middle;color:#767676}#bpage.b_drk .fdbtext{color:#d2d0ce}.fdbk_thmb_root_mob .fdbtext{font-size:14px;line-height:20px;color:#666}.fdbk_thmb_root>a{display:inline-block;width:15px;height:15px;margin-left:6px;padding:0;background-size:15px;vertical-align:middle}.fdbk_thmb_root>a.thumb_n{transform:scaleY(-1)}.fdbk_thmb_root_mob.fdbk_thmb_root>a{width:20px;height:20px;background-size:20px}.fdbtext>span,.fdbtext>a{margin-left:4px}.fdbk_thmb_root>a.thumb_y.active{margin-left:0}.fdbk_emotion{display:none;position:absolute;right:0;width:50px;height:50px;opacity:0;animation:emotion 1s ease-in-out .1s 1 normal forwards;-webkit-animation:emotion 1s ease-in-out .1s 1 normal forwards;-o-animation:emotion 1s ease-in-out .1s 1 normal forwards;-moz-animation:emotion 1s ease-in-out .1s 1 normal forwards}.fdbk_emotion .sat_img,.fdbk_emotion .dsat_img{display:none;width:50px;height:50px;opacity:.9}.fdbk_emotion.sat .sat_img,.fdbk_emotion.dsat .dsat_img{display:inline-block}.fdbk_emotion.sat{display:block;margin:-50px 3px 0 0}.fdbk_thmb_root_mob .fdbk_emotion.sat{margin:-50px 11px 0 0}.fdbk_emotion.dsat{display:block;margin:-50px -18px 0 0}.fdbk_thmb_root_mob .fdbk_emotion.dsat{margin:-50px -15px 0 0}@-webkit-keyframes emotion{50%{opacity:1}100%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translateY(-10px)}}@keyframes emotion{50%{opacity:1}100%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translateY(-10px)}}.fdbk_thmb_root>a.thumb{background-image:url(data:image/png;base64,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)}.fdbk_thmb_root>a:hover,.fdbk_thmb_root>a:active,.fdbk_thmb_root>a.active{background-image:url(/rp/oIh0lv8-r1C0l7JNB8ZsnpYC90s.png)}#b_content #b_results .b_tpcn .tpic .wr_fav{background-color:#f1f3f4;border:1px solid #ddd;overflow:hidden}#b_results .b_tpcn .tpic .wr_fav .siteicon img{border-radius:4px}#b_results .b_tpcn .b_lario .tpic .wr_fav .siteicon img{width:26px;height:26px;left:0;top:0}.b_tpcn .sw_ddgn:after{transform-origin:-180px -52px}#b_results .b_algo{position:relative}#b_results .b_algo .tpic .wr_fav{position:relative}#b_results .tpic .wr_fav .siteicon img{width:16px;height:16px;position:absolute;border-radius:4px;left:5px;top:5px}#b_results .tpic .wr_fav img.siteicon.rms_img{width:16px;height:16px}#b_results .tilk{display:flex}.b_algo{position:relative}#b_results .b_algo .b_tpcn,#b_results .b_algo .b_tpcn>strong{border-bottom:none;padding:0 0;margin:0 0;display:flex;position:relative}.b_algo .b_tpcn>.tilk,.b_algo .b_tpcn strong>.tilk{padding-bottom:4px}.b_algo .b_tpcn .tpic{display:flex;height:38px;flex-direction:row;align-items:center;margin-right:8px}#b_results .b_algo .b_tpcn .b_attribution{padding-bottom:0;padding-top:0;margin-top:0;height:20px;line-height:20px;font-size:13px;display:flex}#b_results .b_algo .tpic .wr_fav{width:26px;height:26px;text-align:center;border:1px solid #ececec;background-color:#f5f5f5;border-radius:50%;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;margin-right:0}.b_tpcn .tptt{height:18px;padding-bottom:0;line-height:18px;font-size:14px;color:#111}#b_results .b_tpcn .b_attribution{line-height:20px}.b_tpcn .b_attribution cite,.b_tpcn .b_attribution .c_tlbxTrg{color:#444}#b_results .b_algo .gb_lnk:hover{text-decoration:none}.tpmeta{display:flex}#b_results .tpmeta .b_rebateSlug .algoSlug_icon,#b_results .tpmeta .b_algoSlug .algoSlug_icon{margin-bottom:0}#b_results .b_topicon_topslugin .algoSlug_icon{font-size:14px;line-height:16px;color:#71777d;margin-bottom:8px}.tilk:hover{text-decoration:none}#b_results .b_tpcn .scs_arw,#b_results .b_tpcn .scs_cls{bottom:-42px}#b_results .b_tpcn .scs_exp{position:absolute;top:0;right:0}#b_results .wr_fav .siteicon img,#b_results .wr_fav img.siteicon{vertical-align:text-top}#b_results .nattr img.siteicon,#b_results .mattr img.siteicon,#b_results .sh_favicon>img.siteicon{vertical-align:inherit;margin-bottom:-1px}#b_results .nattr span.wr_fav,#b_results .mattr span.wr_fav{margin-right:4px}.wr_fav{margin-right:8px}#b_results .nattr .b_attribution,#b_results .mattr .b_attribution,#b_results .cattr .b_attribution,#b_context .mattr .b_attribution,.wr_fav{display:inline-block}.wr_fav .cico{border-radius:0;display:inline-block;overflow:unset}.b_ansb .wr_fav,.wr_fav.b_hide{display:none}.b_imgcap_altitle p strong,.b_imgcap_altitle .b_factrow strong{color:#767676}#b_results .b_imgcap_altitle{line-height:22px}.b_hList img{display:block}.b_imagePair .inner img{display:block;border-radius:6px}.b_algo .vtv2 img{border-radius:0}.b_hList .cico{margin-bottom:10px}.b_title .b_imagePair>.inner,.b_vList>li>.b_imagePair>.inner,.b_hList .b_imagePair>.inner,.b_vPanel>div>.b_imagePair>.inner,.b_gridList .b_imagePair>.inner,.b_caption .b_imagePair>.inner,.b_imagePair>.inner>.b_footnote,.b_poleContent .b_imagePair>.inner{padding-bottom:0}.b_imagePair>.inner{padding-bottom:10px;float:left}.b_imagePair.reverse>.inner{float:right}.b_imagePair .b_imagePair:last-child:after{clear:none}.b_algo .b_title .b_imagePair{display:block}.b_imagePair.b_cTxtWithImg>*{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}.b_imagePair.b_cTxtWithImg>.inner{float:none;padding-right:10px}.b_imagePair.square_mp>.inner,li.square_mp{width:80px}.b_imagePair.square_mp{padding-left:90px}.b_imagePair.square_mp>.inner{margin:2px 0 0 -90px}.b_imagePair.square_mp.reverse{padding-left:0;padding-right:90px}.b_imagePair.square_mp.reverse>.inner{margin:2px -90px 0 0}.b_imagePair.square_s>.inner,li.square_s{width:50px}li.square_s{word-wrap:break-word}.b_imagePair.square_s{padding-left:60px}.b_imagePair.square_s>.inner{margin:2px 0 0 -60px}.b_imagePair.square_s.reverse{padding-left:0;padding-right:60px}.b_imagePair.square_s.reverse>.inner{margin:2px -60px 0 0}.b_ci_image_overlay:hover{cursor:pointer}.insightsOverlay{position:fixed;top:5%;left:5%;bottom:5%;right:5%;width:90%;height:90%;border:none;border-radius:15px;margin:0;padding:0;overflow:hidden;z-index:9;display:none}.b_greyBackgroundModal{display:none;position:fixed;left:0;top:0;width:100%;height:100%;overflow:hidden;z-index:8;background:rgba(0,0,0,.5);pointer-events:none}p>.news_dt{color:#767676}p>.news_dt_bold{font-weight:bold}.tltg{display:inline-block;padding:1px 10px;border-radius:2px}.tltg:first-child{padding:1px 0}.tltg:not(:first-child){margin-left:8px;background-color:#f5f5f5}.b_dark .tltg:not(:first-child){background-color:#323130}#b_results>li .tltg,#b_context>li .tltg{color:#666}a.tltg{text-decoration:none}.tltg strong{pointer-events:none}.b_algo:hover h2>a{text-decoration:underline}#b_results li.b_algo.b_algo_tag_shallow_background{background-color:#f9f9f9;border-radius:8px}.batg{overflow:hidden;line-height:22px;height:24px;margin-top:0;padding-bottom:0}.bstg:hover{cursor:pointer}.bats{height:10px;display:block}.b_caption .batg{padding-top:8px;margin-top:0}.b_caption .bats{height:0}.b_imagePair .batg{padding-top:4px;margin-top:0}#b_results .b_algo .b_attribution .sh_favicon,#b_results .b_algo .b_metadata_separator{display:inline}#b_results li.b_ans.b_mop.b_mopb,#b_results li.b_ans.b_nonfirsttopb{border-radius:6px;border:1px solid #ddd;margin-top:12px;margin-bottom:10px;padding:15px 19px 10px}#b_results li.b_ans.b_mop.b_mopb .b_sideBleed{margin-left:-19px;margin-right:-19px}.df_alaskcarousel.rqnaContainerwithfeedback{position:relative}.df_alaskcarousel #df_listaa .b_vPanel .df_hd .b_primtxt{color:#00809d;text-transform:initial;font-size:22px}.df_alaskcarousel #df_listaa .b_vPanel>div{padding-bottom:8px}.df_alaskcarousel.rqnaContainer>#fbtop{position:static;float:right;padding-right:19px;margin-top:-4px}.df_alaskcarousel #df_listaa{box-shadow:0 0 0 0 rgba(0,0,0,.05),0 0 0 0 rgba(0,0,0,.05);border:none;margin-bottom:10px;border-radius:0;content-visibility:visible !important}.df_alaskcarousel.rqnaContainerwithfeedback,.df_alaskcarousel.rqnaContainer{padding-bottom:30px}.df_alaskcarousel.rqnaContainerwithfeedback.decanspad,.df_alaskcarousel.rqnaContainer.decanspad{padding-bottom:12px}.df_alaskcarousel #df_listaa.decfbpad{margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:4px}.df_alaskcarousel #df_listaa .b_vPanel>div:last-of-type{padding-bottom:0}.df_alaskcarousel #df_listaa .df_item{padding-bottom:5px}.df_alaskcarousel #df_listaa #relatedQnAListDisplay .b_module_expansion .b_expansion_text{color:#111;font-size:16px;line-height:20px;max-width:calc(100% - 46px)}.df_alaskcarousel #df_listaa #relatedQnAListDisplay .b_module_expansion .b_expansion_wrapper.b_expand{border-color:#ececec}.df_alaskcarousel #df_listaa #relatedQnAListDisplay .b_module_expansion .b_expansion_wrapper.b_collapse{border-color:#ddd}.df_alaskcarousel .df_topAlAs .b_collapse.b_onpage_expansion{font-weight:bold}.df_alaskcarousel .df_topAlAs .b_module_expansion_control{padding-bottom:0}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay .b_slidebar{border:0 !important}.df_alaskcarousel #df_listaa .b_vPanel>div{padding:0 20px 4px 0}.df_alaskcarousel .df_topAlAs .b_expansion_wrapper{padding:9px 0 9px 0;height:auto;position:relative}.df_alaskcarousel .df_topAlAs .b_expansion_wrapper>.b_expansion_text.b_1linetrunc{white-space:normal}.df_alaskcarousel .df_topAlAs .b_expansion_chevron{padding:0 16px 0 0;position:absolute;right:6px;top:13px}.df_alaskcarousel #df_listaa .df_topAlAs .b_expansion_chevron{padding:0 0 0 0}.df_alaskcarousel .df_topAlAs .b_vPanel .b_module_expansion_control .b_module_expansion .b_expansion_wrapper>.b_expansion_text.b_1linetrunc{font:16px 'Segoe UI',Arial,Helvetica,Sans-Serif}.df_alaskcarousel .df_topAlAs .b_vPanel .b_module_expansion_control .b_module_expansion .b_expansion_wrapper.b_collapse.b_onpage_expansion:not(.b_hide)>.b_expansion_text.b_1linetrunc{font-weight:600 !important;margin-top:2px}.df_alaskcarousel .df_topAlAs .rwrl_cred .b_algo,.vid_algo{font-size:16px;line-height:1.2}.df_alaskcarousel #df_listaa .df_hd{padding:0;color:#767676;margin-left:16px;line-height:26px}.df_alaskcarousel #df_listaa .df_hd .b_mText{font-weight:bold}.df_alaskcarousel .df_hd_ft .df_topAlAs .b_expansion_wrapper{height:36px}.df_alaskcarousel .df_hd_ft .df_topAlAs .b_expansion_chevron{top:12px}.df_alaskcarousel .df_hd_ft .rwrl_cred{font-size:18px}.df_alaskcarousel .df_hd_ft .rwrl_cred .b_attribution{font-size:13px;font-weight:600}.df_alaskcarousel .df_alsocon{overflow:hidden;padding:0 0;color:#444;padding-right:16px;font-weight:400;line-height:22px}.b_primtxt.HitHighlightWrapper strong{background-color:rgba(16,110,190,.18)}.b_primtxt.RmvBoldWrapper strong{font-weight:normal}.b_dark .b_primtxt.HitHighlightWrapper strong{background-color:rgba(58,160,243,.3)}.b_dark .b_primtxt.RmvBoldWrapper strong{font-weight:normal}.df_alaskcarousel #df_listaa .rwrl_small{padding-bottom:15px !important}.df_alaskcarousel .df_alsocon .rwrl_small u{text-decoration:none}.df_alaskcarousel .df_alsocon .df_fb{line-height:22px !important;font-size:16px !important;padding-bottom:20px !important}.df_alaskcarousel .df_alsocon .df_fs{line-height:22px !important;padding-bottom:20px !important}.df_alaskcarousel .df_alsocon .df_nref{padding-bottom:2px !important}.df_alaskcarousel .df_f{font:14px/normal Arial,Helvetica,Sans-Serif;color:#767676}.df_alaskcarousel #df_ed a,.df_alaskcarousel .b_footnote #df_ed input[type=submit]{color:#767676 !important}.df_alaskcarousel #df_ed input[type=submit]{background:none;border:none;padding:0;font:inherit;color:#001ba0 !important;cursor:pointer}.df_alaskcarousel #df_ed input[type=submit]:hover{text-decoration:underline}.df_alaskcarousel #df_ri{margin-right:10px;width:20px}.df_alaskcarousel #df_listaa .df_rq{padding:15px 0}.df_alaskcarousel #df_listaa .df_hd .b_traits{padding:0}.df_alaskcarousel #df_load{text-align:center;height:60px}#df_moreqna .slide{opacity:0;transform:scale(0);transition-property:opacity,transform;transition-duration:.3s}#df_listaa .df_topicqna .slide{opacity:0;transform:scale(0);transition-property:opacity,transform;transition-duration:.3s}#df_moreqna .slide.transform{opacity:1;transform:none}#df_listaa .df_topicqna .slide.transform{opacity:1;transform:none}.df_alaskcarousel .df_mpaContainer,.df_mQAContainer{padding:0 0}.df_alaskcarousel .df_mpaContainer .ref_comp{padding:0;border:0}.df_alaskcarousel .df_mpaContainer .qna .qna_body{height:auto;font:13px/17px Arial,Helvetica,Sans-Serif;color:#666}.df_alaskcarousel .df_mpaContainer .qna_header{padding:0}.df_alaskcarousel .df_vidContainer{padding:0 20px}.df_alaskcarousel .df_vidContainer img{width:100% !important;height:100% !important}.df_alaskcarousel .df_imgCont{padding-bottom:15px;position:relative;cursor:pointer}.df_alaskcarousel .df_imgCont iframe{width:100%;height:100%}.df_alaskcarousel .df_vidTime{position:absolute;bottom:20px;left:0;background-color:#000;opacity:.75;padding:2px 8px;line-height:20px;color:#fff}.df_alaskcarousel .df_playBut{position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;margin:-26px 0 0 -26px}.df_alaskcarousel .df_qnacontent{display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:7;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;overflow:hidden;max-height:160px;line-height:22px;margin-bottom:7px;width:268px;height:160px}.df_alaskcarousel .df_qntext{padding-bottom:4px;font-weight:700;color:#111;display:block;unicode-bidi:plaintext}.df_alaskcarousel .df_qnacontent .b_bullet>li{margin-left:19px !important}.df_alaskcarousel .df_qnacontent .b_vPanel>div,.df_alaskcarousel .df_qnacontent .b_vList>li{padding-bottom:0 !important}.df_alaskcarousel .df_alsoAskCard{font-size:16px;padding-bottom:9px;line-height:22px;padding:16px;box-sizing:border-box}.df_alaskcarousel .df_ansatb{font-family:Arial,Helvetica,Sans-Serif;font-style:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:22px}.df_alaskcarousel #df_listaa .df_ansatb.ansfont .qna_algo .b_attribution,.df_alaskcarousel #df_listaa .df_ansatb.ansfont .qna_algo .b_algo h2{font-size:14px}.df_alaskcarousel .df_ansatb .qna_algo .b_algo h2,.df_alaskcarousel .df_ansatb .qna_algo .b_attribution{white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;font-size:16px;line-height:22px}.df_alaskcarousel .df_ansatb .qna_algo .b_algo{padding-bottom:2px}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay,#df_listaa .df_topicqna{width:calc(100% + 20px)}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.openAnsWrapper{border:0;height:256px;width:calc(100% + 20px);position:relative}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.openAnsWrapper.openAnsWrapperTravelBanner{height:324px}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.openAnsWrapper .b_slidebar .slide,#df_listaa .df_topicqna.openAnsWrapper .b_slidebar .slide{box-sizing:border-box;width:300px;height:248px;margin-right:8px;display:inline-block}.df_alaskcarousel .df_paaqnaalgo{font-family:Arial,Helvetica,Sans-Serif;font-style:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:22px}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.openAnsWrapper .next,#df_listaa .df_topicqna.openAnsWrapper .next{margin-right:32px}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.openAnsWrapper .prev,#df_listaa .df_topicqna.openAnsWrapper .prev{left:16px}.df_alaskcarousel.rqnaContainerwithfeedback .openans_gradient_div{background:linear-gradient(270deg,#fff -26.53%,transparent 100%);width:32px;height:100%;position:absolute;right:0;z-index:1}.df_alaskcarousel.rqnaContainerwithfeedback .openans_gradient_div.rtl{background:linear-gradient(90deg,#fff -26.53%,transparent 100%)}.df_alaskcarousel.rqnaContainerwithfeedback .openans_gradient_div_tlg{top:30px}.df_alaskcarousel.rqnaContainerwithfeedback .openAnsWrapperTravelBanner .openans_gradient_div{height:calc(100% - 64px)}.df_alaskcarousel.rqnaContainerwithfeedback .openans_gradient_div.left{left:0;right:auto;transform:rotate(-180deg)}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay .b_slideexp,#df_listaa .df_topicqna .b_slideexp{margin:0}.df_alaskcarousel .df_ansatb .rwrl_cred{font-size:16px;overflow:hidden;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:2;-webkit-box-orient:vertical}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay>div{border-bottom:none}.df_alaskcarousel .df_alsocon.ansfont{font-size:14px}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper{border:0;height:260px;width:calc(100% + 20px);position:relative}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper.hybridHeightWrapper{height:264px}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper.hybridHeightWrapper .b_slidebar .slide,#df_listaa .df_topicqna.hybridAnsWrapper.hybridHeightWrapper .b_slidebar .slide{height:256px}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper .b_slidebar .slide,#df_listaa .df_topicqna.hybridAnsWrapper .b_slidebar .slide{width:240px;height:252px;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px rgba(0,0,0,.05);cursor:default}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper.hybridFlyOutCardWrapper .b_slidebar .slide{cursor:pointer}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper .slide.df_alsoAskActiveCard,#df_listaa .df_topicqna.hybridAnsWrapper .slide.df_alsoAskActiveCard{border:1px solid #106ebe}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper .df_alsoAskCard .df_qnacontent,#df_listaa .df_topicqna.hybridAnsWrapper .df_alsoAskCard .df_qnacontent{max-height:160px;width:208px;height:160px}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper .df_alsoAskCard .df_alsocon,#df_listaa .df_topicqna.hybridAnsWrapper .df_alsoAskCard .df_alsocon{line-height:20px;font-size:14px}.df_alaskcarousel .df_load_topicslg{padding-bottom:95px;padding-top:95px}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper .df_ansatb,#df_listaa .df_topicqna.hybridAnsWrapper .df_ansatb{padding-top:8px;margin-top:18px;border-top:1px solid #ddd}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper .df_ansatb .qna_algo .b_algo h2,#df_listaa .df_topicqna.hybridAnsWrapper .df_ansatb .qna_algo .b_algo h2{font-size:13px;line-height:16px;padding-bottom:0}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper .df_ansatb.df_ansfontlghybrid .qna_algo .b_algo h2,#df_listaa .df_topicqna.hybridAnsWrapper .df_ansatb.df_ansfontlghybrid .qna_algo .b_algo h2{font-size:16px;line-height:18px}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper .df_ansatb .qna_algo .b_algo,#df_listaa .df_topicqna.hybridAnsWrapper .df_ansatb .qna_algo .b_algo{padding-bottom:0}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper .df_ansatb .qna_algo .b_attribution,#df_listaa .df_topicqna.hybridAnsWrapper .df_ansatb .qna_algo .b_attribution{font-size:13px;line-height:20px}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper .df_ansatb.df_ansfontlghybrid .qna_algo .b_attribution,#df_listaa .df_topicqna.hybridAnsWrapper .df_ansatb.df_ansfontlghybrid .qna_algo .b_attribution{font-size:14px;line-height:20px}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper .df_ansatb.df_ansfontlghybrid .qna_algo .b_algo,#df_listaa .df_topicqna.hybridAnsWrapper .df_ansatb.df_ansfontlghybrid .qna_algo .b_algo{padding-bottom:4px}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper .next,#df_listaa .df_topicqna.hybridAnsWrapper .next{margin-right:0;z-index:10}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper .prev,#df_listaa .df_topicqna.hybridAnsWrapper .prev{left:-6px;z-index:10}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper .df_ansatb .rwrl_cred,#df_listaa .df_topicqna.hybridAnsWrapper.hybridAnsWrapper .df_ansatb .rwrl_cred{font-size:13px;overflow:hidden;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:2;-webkit-box-orient:vertical}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper .df_ansatb.df_ansfontlghybrid .rwrl_cred,#df_listaa .df_topicqna.hybridAnsWrapper.hybridAnsWrapper .df_ansatb.df_ansfontlghybrid .rwrl_cred{font-size:16px}.hybridAnsWrapper .b_overlay .btn.rounded .cr>div{box-shadow:0 2px 3px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.3)}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper.hybridAnsWrapper2 .b_slidebar .slide,#df_listaa .df_topicqna.hybridAnsWrapper.hybridAnsWrapper2 .b_slidebar .slide{width:280px;height:252px;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px rgba(0,0,0,.05);cursor:default}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper.hybridAnsWrapper2.hybridHeightWrapper .b_slidebar .slide,#df_listaa .df_topicqna.hybridAnsWrapper.hybridAnsWrapper2.hybridHeightWrapper .b_slidebar .slide{height:256px}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper.hybridAnsWrapper2.hybridFlyOutCardWrapper .b_slidebar .slide,#df_listaa .df_topicqna.hybridAnsWrapper.hybridAnsWrapper2.hybridFlyOutCardWrapper .b_slidebar .slide{cursor:pointer}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper.hybridAnsWrapper2 .df_alsoAskCard .df_qnacontent,#df_listaa .df_topicqna.hybridAnsWrapper.hybridAnsWrapper2 .df_alsoAskCard .df_qnacontent{max-height:160px;width:248px;height:160px}#relatedQnAListDisplay.openAnsWrapper.openAnsWrapperTravelBanner .paatrvlBanner{height:64px;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;padding:0 20px;align-items:center;background:#f9f9f9;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px rgba(0,0,0,.05);border-radius:6px;color:#444;margin:4px 3px 0}.ptexploreBtn{border-radius:32px;padding:6px 16px;font-size:14px;line-height:19px;display:flex;gap:12px;align-items:center;background:#106ebe;color:#fff}.ptlearnmoreTxt{font-style:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:22px}#relatedQnAListDisplay.openAnsWrapper.openAnsWrapperTravelBanner .paatrvlBanner:hover{text-decoration:none}.df_alaskcarousel .df_qnacontent .df_qn_syd{margin-right:2%;cursor:default;padding-top:4px}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper.df_zmOnHoverWrapper .b_slidebar{height:272px}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper.df_zmOnHoverWrapper .slide:hover{transform:scale(1.06);transition:all .4s;position:relative;z-index:2;top:6px;background:#fff}.b_dark .df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper.df_zmOnHoverWrapper .slide:hover{background:#323130}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper.df_zmOnHoverWrapper .slide:first-child:hover{transform-origin:left}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper.df_zmOnHoverWrapper .slide:last-child:hover{transform-origin:right}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay.hybridAnsWrapper.df_zmOnHoverWrapper{height:272px}.rqnafbUlWrapper.df_alaskcarousel .df_alsoAskCard .df_qntextwithicn{padding-bottom:2px}.rqnafbUlWrapper.df_alaskcarousel .df_alsoAskCard .df_qntextwithicn .df_qntext{padding-top:0}.rqnafbUlWrapper.df_alaskcarousel .df_qnacontent:hover{margin:-16px -16px 7px -16px;padding:16px 16px 0 16px;border-radius:4px 4px 0 0}.rqnafbUlWrapper.df_alaskcarousel .df_alsoAskCard .df_qntextwithicn:hover .df_qntext:not(:hover){cursor:pointer}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay .b_slidebar .slide .rqnaAnsCWrapper.df_alsoAskCard:hover{cursor:pointer}.df_alaskcarousel #relatedQnAListDisplay .df_alsocon_link:hover{text-decoration:none}.df_alaskcarousel.ansTtlUndrlnWrapper .slide:hover:not(:has(.df_dn_content:hover)) .df_ansatb .b_algo,.df_alaskcarousel.ansTtlUndrlnWrapper .slide:hover:not(:has(.df_dn_content:hover)) .df_ansatb .b_algo a{text-decoration:underline}.df_alaskcarousel .df_vt .df_ansatb .qna_attr{min-width:0;display:flex}#b_results>li .df_alaskcarousel .df_vt .df_ansatb .rwrl_cred a:first-child{color:#767676}.df_alaskcarousel .slide:hover .df_ansatb .rwrl_cred a:last-child{text-decoration:underline}#b_results #df_listaa .b_vPanel .df_hd .b_primtxt,.b_dark #b_results #df_listaa .b_vPanel .df_hd .b_primtxt{color:#111;font-size:20px}.b_traits{color:#00809d;font-size:11px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.2;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.02em}.b_slideexp{margin-bottom:20px;position:relative}.b_ans>.b_slideexp>.slide *:last-child,.b_ans>.b_slideexp:last-child,.b_vPanel .b_slideexp:last-child{margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}.b_slidebar .slide{display:inline-block;vertical-align:top}.b_slidebar .slide,.b_slideexp .b_viewport{overflow:hidden}.b_slideexp .b_viewport{margin:auto}.b_slidebar{white-space:nowrap}.b_slidebar .slide{white-space:normal;position:relative}.b_cards .cico,.b_slidebar .slide .cico{border-radius:0}.b_slidebar,.b_slidebar .slide{width:100%}.b_slidebar.anim{-webkit-transition:margin-left .35s cubic-bezier(.15,.85,.35,1);-moz-transition:margin-left .35s cubic-bezier(.15,.85,.35,1);-o-transition:margin-left .35s cubic-bezier(.15,.85,.35,1);transition:margin-left .35s cubic-bezier(.15,.85,.35,1)}.slide>.spinner{position:absolute;left:50%}.slide>.spinner>.inner{position:relative;left:-50%;width:40px;height:40px;background:url(/rp/OJWYLxkTdSOmE7-V53KpAdOj-xY.gif) no-repeat;margin:40px auto 30px;z-index:1000}.slide_mask.hideSlideMask{visibility:hidden}.b_slidebar.b_autoslidingfade .slide.slide_fading{opacity:1}.slide_mask,.b_slidebar.b_autoslidingfade .slide{transition:opacity .3s linear}.slide_mask.slide_fading,.b_slidebar.b_autoslidingfade .slide{opacity:0}.slide_mask{position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;opacity:.7;top:0}.carousel_seemore{text-align:center}.carousel_seemore.dark a{color:#fff}.b_slidebar.enable_selecting .slide.selected::after,.b_slidebar.enable_selecting .slide:hover::after{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 2px #fff}.b_slidebar .slide.selected::after,.b_slidebar .slide:focus::after{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px #0099bc;outline:0}.b_slidebar.enable_selecting .slide.selected::after,.b_slidebar.enable_selecting .slide:hover::after,.b_slidebar .slide.selected::after,.b_slidebar .slide:focus::after{content:"";height:100%;width:100%;position:absolute;left:0;top:0}.b_slideexp .b_antiSideBleed{display:inline-block}.carousel_seemore>.b_moreLink.rndChev{vertical-align:middle;height:92px;text-decoration-color:#444;display:inline-block}.carousel_seemore .seeAll_txt{display:block;color:#444;line-height:17px}.b_slidebar>.slide{*display:inline;zoom:1}.carousel_seemore .seeAll_chev{display:block;height:48px;padding-bottom:12px;margin-top:15px}html[dir="rtl"] .carousel_seemore .seeAll_chev{-moz-transform:scaleX(-1);-o-transform:scaleX(-1);-webkit-transform:scaleX(-1);-ms-transform:scaleX(-1);transform:scaleX(-1)}.b_slideexp .b_viewport.scrollbar{overflow-x:auto;-ms-overflow-style:none;scrollbar-width:none}.b_slideexp .b_viewport.scrollbar::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}.b_slideexp .b_viewport{-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}.b_overlay .btn.rounded{position:absolute;cursor:pointer;z-index:1;-moz-user-select:none;-khtml-user-select:none;-webkit-user-select:none;-o-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none}.b_overlay .btn.rounded,.b_overlay .btn.rounded .bg,.b_overlay .btn.rounded .cr,.b_overlay .btn.rounded .cr>div,.b_overlay .btn.rounded .vcac>div{border-radius:50%}.b_overlay .btn.rounded .vcac{height:0}.b_overlay .btn.rounded{height:32px;width:32px;top:50%;margin-top:-16px}.b_overlay .btn.rounded .bg,.b_overlay .btn.rounded:hover .bg{opacity:0}.b_overlay .btn.rtl.rounded .cr{direction:ltr}.b_overlay .btn.hidden.rounded .cr,.b_overlay .btn.disabled.rounded .cr{visibility:hidden}.b_overlay .btn.rounded .cr>div{border:1px solid #ececec;box-shadow:0 2px 3px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1);height:30px;width:30px;overflow:hidden;background-image:none;background-color:#fff}.b_overlay .btn.rounded .cr>div:hover{box-shadow:0 2px 4px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.14)}.b_overlay .btn.rounded .cr>div:after{bottom:5px;background-color:#fff;-webkit-transform-origin:-1394px 0;transform-origin:-1394px 0;display:inline-block;transform:scale(.5);position:relative}.b_overlay .btn.rounded .cr>div:hover:after{transform-origin:-1478px 0}.b_overlay .btn.ltr.rounded .cr>div:after{right:5px}.b_overlay .btn.rtl.rounded .cr>div:after{left:5px}.b_overlay .btn.prev.ltr.rounded .cr,.b_overlay .btn.next.rtl.rounded .cr{-moz-transform:scaleX(-1);-o-transform:scaleX(-1);-webkit-transform:scaleX(-1);-ms-transform:scaleX(-1);transform:scaleX(-1)}body .b_overlay .btn.rounded.next{right:-12px}body .b_overlay .btn.rounded.prev{left:-13px}.ra_car_container .b_overlay .btn.prev.ltr.rounded .cr>div,.ra_car_container .b_overlay .btn.next.rtl.rounded .cr>div{-moz-transform:unset;-o-transform:unset;-webkit-transform:unset;-ms-transform:unset;transform:unset}.ra_car_container .b_overlay .btn.rounded .cr>div{background-position:0;border:unset}.ra_car_container .b_overlay .btn.rounded .cr>div:after{content:unset}@media screen and (-ms-high-contrast:active){.b_overlay .btn.rounded.hidden *,.b_overlay .btn.rounded.disabled *{background:none}.b_overlay .btn.rounded.hidden,.b_overlay .btn.rounded.disabled{background:none}}.b_overlay .btn.rounded .cr>div:after{content:url(/rp/_ofXcjy_m9xssb7yLtaOscIux0c.png)}.b_overlay{position:relative}.vcac{position:absolute;width:100%;top:50%}.vcac>div{position:relative;width:100%}.df_qna_algo .qfavc .b_imagePair{display:flex;align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;padding-bottom:0}.df_qna_algo .qfavc .b_imagePair .cico{margin-right:6px;border-radius:0;flex-shrink:0}.df_qna_algo .qfavc .b_imagePair cite,.df_qna_algo .qfavc .b_imagePair .qna_attr{white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.df_qna_algo .qfavc .b_imagePair>div:last-child{min-width:0;display:flex}.fbans>div>a,.fbans>div>a:visited{color:#767676 !important}.fbans{padding-right:19px;margin-top:-4px;margin-bottom:-9px}.fbans .b_footnote,.fbans .hlig{padding:0;text-align:right}.b_rs .b_vList,.b_rrsr .b_vList{font-size:13px}#b_results .b_ans .b_rs h2,#b_results .b_rs .b_vlist2col li,#b_results .b_rs .b_vList li{padding-bottom:16px}#b_results .b_ans #brsv3{width:652px;contain-intrinsic-size:652px 296px}#b_results .b_ans #brsv3 h2{padding-bottom:0;font-size:20px;line-height:1.3;color:#202124;margin-bottom:8px}#b_results .b_ans #brsv3 h2 strong{font-weight:normal}#b_results .b_ans #brsv3 .b_vList{padding-top:12px}#b_results #brsv3 .b_vList li{width:318px;padding-bottom:0;margin:4px 0;display:inline-block}#b_results #brsv3 .b_vList li:nth-child(odd){margin-right:16px}#b_results #brsv3 .b_vList li a{max-height:none;min-height:48px;padding:0 17px;background:#f1f3f4;border-radius:100px;box-sizing:border-box;display:flex;align-items:center}#b_results #brsv3 .b_vList li a:hover{text-decoration:underline;color:#202124}#b_results #brsv3 .b_vList li a .b_suggestionIcon{width:20px;height:20px;padding:10px}#b_results #brsv3 .b_vList li a .b_suggestionBk{width:32px;height:32px;padding:0;margin:4px;background:url(/rp/eF3rIdIG4fsLyPy7mzgRnjCDKIA.png) no-repeat -292px 0;transform:scale(.5)}.b_pinrs_ol .b_pinrs .b_suggestionIcon{display:none}#b_results #brsv3 .b_vList li a .b_suggestionIcon svg{width:20px;height:20px}#b_results #brsv3 .b_vList li a .b_suggestionIcon.sug_sprite{background:url(/rp/_ofXcjy_m9xssb7yLtaOscIux0c.png) no-repeat -151px 0;transform:scale(.5)}#b_results #brsv3 .b_vList a .b_suggestionText{max-width:227px;margin-left:16px;font-style:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:19px;color:#202124;display:-webkit-box;text-align:left;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:2;overflow-wrap:break-word;overflow:hidden;flex:1}#b_results #brsv3 .b_vList a .b_suggestionText strong{font-weight:bold}.b_rs .b_vlist2col ul:first-child{margin-right:40px}#rscarousel strong{font-weight:normal}#b_results #inline_rs .b_vlist2col ul:first-child{margin-right:160px;padding-bottom:8px}#b_results #inline_rs .b_vlist2col li{padding-bottom:12px;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;max-width:210px}#b_results #inline_rs .b_vlist2col{padding-left:0}#rscar_close{float:right}#rscar_close::after{height:16px;width:16px;content:" ";display:inline-block;background-repeat:no-repeat}#rscar_close:hover::after{cursor:pointer}.rslist_title{display:inline-block;color:#444}.rslist_head{padding:12px 0}#inline_rs .b_sideBleed{border-top:1px solid #ececec;padding:0;margin:0}.b_dark .rslist_title{color:#d2d0ce}.b_dark #rscar_close::after{color:#bebbb8}#rscar_close::after{background-image:url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAwAAAAMCAYAAABWdVznAAAAR0lEQVR4AWOYOHGiABA7gGgG7ABVDZTxH4gvgARwKL4AVeOAEMDUhFUOpwROxbhMw6UYpyZ0xWRpIMtJJHuapGAlK+JIThoADD3VTZEy3aEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)}#rscar_close:hover::after{background-image:url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAwAAAAMCAYAAABWdVznAAAAR0lEQVQokWNwcXERAGIHEM2AA6CogTL+A/EFbJqgii9A1TigC6BowimHTQKfQbg04VaMQxN+xSRrIMlJJHma5GAlN+KIThoAX1F+rQaZhuoAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)}.b_pag a{display:block;text-align:center}.b_pag a.sb_bp{min-width:30px;margin-right:20px;line-height:32px}.b_pag a.sb_pagN,.b_pag a.sb_pagP{border:0;padding:1px}.b_pag a.sb_pagN_bp,.b_pag a.sb_pagP_bp{width:30px;height:30px;margin-top:0}.b_pag .sw_prev,.b_pag .sw_next{margin:2px}.sb_pagP,.sb_pagN{background-position:-233px 0;height:30px;width:30px}.sb_pagP:hover,.sb_pagP:active,.sb_pagP:focus{background-position:-265px 0}.sb_pagN{background-position:-169px 0}.sb_pagN:hover,.sb_pagN:active,.sb_pagN:focus{background-position:-201px 0}z{a:1}#b_dynRail{display:inline-block;vertical-align:top;padding-left:60px;max-width:472px;width:472px}#b_dynRail .b_dr_mod:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:10px}@media only screen and (max-width:1908px){#b_dynRail{width:382px}}@media only screen and (max-width:1818.9px){#b_dynRail{width:294px}}@media only screen and (max-width:1730.9px){#b_dynRail{display:none}}#b_dynRail .b_entity{margin-bottom:20px;padding:9px 19px 4px;width:100%;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px rgba(0,0,0,.05);border-radius:6px}</style><style type="text/css">#tabcontrol_18_F65E2 .tab-head { height: 40px; } #tabcontrol_18_F65E2 .tab-menu { height: 40px; } #tabcontrol_18_F65E2_menu { height: 40px; } #tabcontrol_18_F65E2_menu>li { background-color: #ffffff; margin-right: 0px; height: 40px; line-height:40px; font-weight: 700; color: #767676; } #tabcontrol_18_F65E2_menu>li:hover { color: #111; position:relative; } #tabcontrol_18_F65E2_menu .tab-active { box-shadow: inset 0 -3px 0 0 #111; background-color: #ffffff; line-height: 40px; color: #111; } #tabcontrol_18_F65E2_menu .tab-active:hover { color: #111; } #tabcontrol_18_F65E2_navr, #tabcontrol_18_F65E2_navl { height: 40px; width: 32px; background-color: #ffffff; } #tabcontrol_18_F65E2_navr .sv_ch, #tabcontrol_18_F65E2_navl .sv_ch { fill: #444; } #tabcontrol_18_F65E2_navr:hover .sv_ch, #tabcontrol_18_F65E2_navl:hover .sv_ch { fill: #111; } #tabcontrol_18_F65E2_navr.tab-disable .sv_ch, #tabcontrol_18_F65E2_navl.tab-disable .sv_ch { fill: #444; opacity:.2; }#slideexp0_12471E .slide { width: 280px; margin-right: 8px; }#slideexp0_12471E .slide:last-child { margin-right: 1px; }#slideexp0_12471Ec { margin: -4px; } #slideexp0_12471Ec .b_viewport { padding: 4px 1px 4px 1px; margin: 0 3px; } #slideexp0_12471Ec .b_slidebar .slide { box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05); } #slideexp0_12471Ec .b_slidebar .slide.see_more { box-shadow: 0 0 0 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.00); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 0 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.00); } #slideexp0_12471Ec .b_slidebar .slide.see_more .carousel_seemore { border: 0px; }#slideexp0_12471Ec .b_slidebar .slide.see_more:hover { box-shadow: 0 0 0 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.00); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 0 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.00); }#tabcontrol_27_FE3F0 .tab-head { height: 40px; } #tabcontrol_27_FE3F0 .tab-menu { height: 40px; } #tabcontrol_27_FE3F0_menu { height: 40px; } #tabcontrol_27_FE3F0_menu>li { background-color: #ffffff; margin-right: 0px; height: 40px; line-height:40px; font-weight: 700; color: #767676; } #tabcontrol_27_FE3F0_menu>li:hover { color: #111; position:relative; } #tabcontrol_27_FE3F0_menu .tab-active { box-shadow: inset 0 -3px 0 0 #111; background-color: #ffffff; line-height: 40px; color: #111; } #tabcontrol_27_FE3F0_menu .tab-active:hover { color: #111; } #tabcontrol_27_FE3F0_navr, #tabcontrol_27_FE3F0_navl { height: 40px; width: 32px; background-color: #ffffff; } #tabcontrol_27_FE3F0_navr .sv_ch, #tabcontrol_27_FE3F0_navl .sv_ch { fill: #444; } #tabcontrol_27_FE3F0_navr:hover .sv_ch, #tabcontrol_27_FE3F0_navl:hover .sv_ch { fill: #111; } #tabcontrol_27_FE3F0_navr.tab-disable .sv_ch, #tabcontrol_27_FE3F0_navl.tab-disable .sv_ch { fill: #444; opacity:.2; }</style><script type="text/javascript" nonce="Pn+ap9vL/euPW5yI+2t/TPg1Y3WP866TNeGLXAMi4yY=">//<![CDATA[ _w["IDBbOv"] = true; _w["EIHB"] = false; _w["IDPTit"] =null;;var SmartEvent;(function(n){function o(n,i,r,u,f){u===void 0&&(u=!0);f===void 0&&(f=!1);sj_be(n,i,r,f);t.push({el:n,evt:i,h:r,baj:u})}function s(n,i,r,u,f){r===void 0&&(r=!0);sj_evt.bind(n,i,u,f);t.push({evt:n,h:i,baj:r})}function u(){e(!1)}function f(){e(!0);sj_ue(_w,i,f);sj_evt.unbind(r,u)}function e(n){for(var i,u,f=[],r=0;r<t.length;++r)i=t[r],n||i.baj?(u=i.el,u?sj_ue(u,i.evt,i.h):sj_evt.unbind(i.evt,i.h)):f.push(i);t=f}var i="unload",r="ajax.unload",t=[];n.bind=o;n.bindc=s;sj_be(_w,i,f);sj_evt.bind(r,u)})(SmartEvent||(SmartEvent={}));function ge_cl(n,t){var u,f,r,i;if(n){if(n.getElementsByClassName)return n.getElementsByClassName(t);for(u=n.getElementsByTagName("*"),f=[],r=0;r<u.length;r++)i=u[r],i&&i.className&&i.className.indexOf(t)!==-1&&f.push(i);return f}return[]};function sa_cl(n,t,i){if(n&&t){var r=n.className;i?r.indexOf(t)==-1&&(r=r.concat(" ",t)):r=r.replace(t,"");n.className=r}}; //]]></script><script type="text/javascript" nonce="Pn+ap9vL/euPW5yI+2t/TPg1Y3WP866TNeGLXAMi4yY=">//<![CDATA[ sj_be(_w, "click", function() { _G.UIWP = true; }, 1);;var EntityPreviewConfig = { featureList: "", testHooks: false }; //]]></script><div id="b_content" class=""><span role="main" aria-label="Search Results"><div id="b_tween" class=""><div id="b_tween_searchResults"><span class="sb_count">About 195,000 results</span></div><div id="b_tween_searchTools" class="b_hide"><span class="ftrB"><a class="ftrH" id="h5123" role="button" aria-label="Filtered by Date" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="d5123" aria-haspopup="true" href="javascript:" h="ID=SERP,5440.1"><span class="fs_label">Date</span><span class="sw_ddbk"></span> </a></span><div data-priority="2"><div class="toggle_item" id="ntf_newtabfil" role="button" aria-pressed="true" aria-disabled="false" tabindex="0" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6513.0"><div class="ntf_label toggle_label nt_tit" id="ntf_newtabfil_label">Open links in new tab</div><div class="nt_val toggle_ctrl"><div id="ntf_newtabfil_ctrl" class="ntf_img toggle_on toggle_img"><img role="presentation" class="rms_img" src="/rp/kFAqShRrnkQMbH6NYLBYoJ3lq9s.png" /></div></div></div></div></div></div><ol id="b_results" class=""><li class="b_algo b_algoBorder b_algoBigWiki b_algo_feedback" data-id iid><div Class="b_algo_group"><h2><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memex" h="ID=SERP,5165.1">Memex - Wikipedia</a></h2><div class="b_caption hasdl" role="contentinfo"><div class="b_attribution" u="0N|5143|4719744333592614|opFdS0JqPxViSr_WWMrYc1W6G6mi9ddG" tabindex="0"><cite>https://<strong>en.wikipedia.org</strong>/<strong>wiki</strong>/<strong>Memex</strong></cite><span class="c_tlbxTrg"><span class="c_tlbxH" H="BASE:CACHEDPAGEDEFAULT" K="SERP,5166.1"></span></span></div></div><div id="WF_tabcontrol_18_F65E2" class="b_wikiRichcard"><div class="wikiRichcard_heroSection b_mText"><div class="b_clearfix b_overflow"><div class="b_floatR_img"><div class="cico" style="width:100px;height:100px;"><img height="100" width="100" data-src-hq="/th?id=ODL.e1e87808479bf953c1080c8afd8e26b5&w=100&h=100&c=12&pcl=faf9f7&o=6&pid=23.1" role="presentation" data-priority="2" id="emb707F86E4" class="rms_img" src="/th?id=ODL.e1e87808479bf953c1080c8afd8e26b5&w=100&h=100&c=12&qlt=20&pcl=faf9f7&o=6&pid=23.1" /></div></div><div id="pvc_820910658_30"><p class="b_paractl"><span title="Inspired by Bush's hypothetical device in his 1945 article, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency launched a program named Memex in 2014 to fight human trafficking crimes on the dark web. DARPA later released the Memex artificial intelligence search technologies as open-source software. In 2016, DARPA Memex program received the 2016 Presidential Award for Extraordinary Efforts to Combat Trafficking in Persons for developing the anti-trafficking technology tool. Dozens of law enforcement organizations worldwide use the Memex software to conduct investigations. ">Inspired by Bush's hypothetical device in his 1945 article, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency launched a program named Memex in 2014 to fight human trafficking crimes on the dark web. DARPA later released the Memex artificial intelligence search technologies as open-source software. In 2016, DARPA Memex program received the 2016 Presidential Award for E…</span></p><div class="sml inline" id="expitem_820910236_29" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6521.1" data-expl=""><a id="expitem_820910236_29_hit" class="b_mopexpref" data-exp="I;expitem_820910236_29;;0;;;Expansion;;0;0;expitem_820910236_29_hit;10;0;" href="javascript:void(0);" aria-label="Show more" role="button" aria-expanded="false"><span class="sw_plus cipa " width="16" height="16"></span><div class="expansionAccessibilityText" LessAltText="Less content will be shown above the current area of focus upon selection" MoreAltText="New content will be added above the current area of focus upon selection">New content will be added above the current area of focus upon selection</div></a></div></div><div class="b_hide" data-exp="H;expitem_820910236_29;;pvc_820910658_30;;;" data-exp-noani=""><p class="b_paractl">Inspired by Bush's hypothetical device in his 1945 article, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency launched a program named Memex in 2014 to fight human trafficking crimes on the dark web. DARPA later released the Memex artificial intelligence search technologies as open-source software. In 2016, DARPA Memex program received the 2016 Presidential Award for Extraordinary Efforts to Combat Trafficking in Persons for developing the anti-trafficking technology tool. Dozens of law enforcement organizations worldwide use the Memex software to conduct investigations. </p></div></div></div><div id="tabcontrol_18_F65E2" class="tab-container" data-wire="I;tab;; |B;a;;I|" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6011.2"><div class="tab-head HeroTab"><div id="tabcontrol_18_F65E2_navl" class="tab-navl" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6522.1"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 16" enable-background="new 0 0 16 16" width="16" height="40"><path class="sv_ch" d="M12.29.235c-.312-.313-.818-.313-1.131 0l-7.2 7.2c-.148.148-.234.355-.234.565 0 .21.086.417.234.566l7.2 7.2c.312.313.818.313 1.131 0 .313-.312.313-.818 0-1.131l-6.634-6.635 6.634-6.634c.313-.312.312-.819 0-1.131z" /></svg></div><div class="tab-menu tab-hasnav" style="width:544px"><ul id="tabcontrol_18_F65E2_menu" style="margin-left:0px;" role="tablist" data-dataurl=""><li data-dataurl="" id="tab_11_F5729_head" data-nc="" data-nr="" class="b_dmtab tab-active" style=" width:66px;" data-w="66" data-ow="98" data-content="tab_11_F5729" tabindex="0" role="tab" aria-controls="tab_11_F5729" aria-selected="true" data-appns="SERP" data-k="5869.1">Overview</li><li data-dataurl="" id="tab_12_F58B7_head" data-nc="" data-nr="" class="b_dmtab" style=" width:96px;" data-w="96" data-ow="128" data-content="tab_12_F58B7" role="tab" aria-controls="tab_12_F58B7" aria-selected="false" data-appns="SERP" data-k="5887.1">Development</li><li data-dataurl="" id="tab_13_F5AF8_head" data-nc="" data-nr="" class="b_dmtab" style=" width:50px;" data-w="50" data-ow="82" data-content="tab_13_F5AF8" role="tab" aria-controls="tab_13_F5AF8" aria-selected="false" data-appns="SERP" data-k="5900.1">Legacy</li><li data-dataurl="" id="tab_14_F5DA9_head" data-nc="" data-nr="" class="b_dmtab" style=" width:105px;" data-w="105" data-ow="137" data-content="tab_14_F5DA9" role="tab" aria-controls="tab_14_F5DA9" aria-selected="false" data-appns="SERP" data-k="5937.1">1959 Memex II</li><li data-dataurl="" id="tab_15_F5E6C_head" data-nc="" data-nr="" class="b_dmtab" style=" width:156px;" data-w="156" data-ow="188" data-content="tab_15_F5E6C" role="tab" aria-controls="tab_15_F5E6C" aria-selected="false" data-appns="SERP" data-k="5943.1">1967 Memex revisited</li><li data-dataurl="" id="tab_16_F6190_head" data-nc="" data-nr="" class="b_dmtab" style=" width:59px;" data-w="59" data-ow="91" data-content="tab_16_F6190" role="tab" aria-controls="tab_16_F6190" aria-selected="false" data-appns="SERP" data-k="5951.1">See also</li><li data-dataurl="" id="tab_17_F6392_head" data-nc="" data-nr="" class="b_dmtab" style=" width:90px;" data-w="90" data-ow="122" data-content="tab_17_F6392" role="tab" aria-controls="tab_17_F6392" aria-selected="false" data-appns="SERP" data-k="5985.1">Bibliography</li></ul></div><div id="tabcontrol_18_F65E2_navr" class="tab-navr" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6523.1"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 16" enable-background="new 0 0 16 16" width="16" height="40"><path class="sv_ch" d="M3.735 1.366l6.634 6.634-6.634 6.634c-.313.313-.313.819 0 1.131.313.313.819.313 1.131 0l7.2-7.2c.148-.148.234-.355.234-.565 0-.21-.086-.417-.234-.566l-7.2-7.2c-.313-.313-.819-.313-1.131 0s-.313.82 0 1.132z" /></svg></div></div><div class="tab-content"><div id="tab_11_F5729" data-appns="SERP" data-k="5869.2" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab_11_F5729_head" data-priority=""><div id="pvc_820918469_32"><p class="b_paractl">Memex [memory expansion] is a hypothetical electromechanical device for interacting with <a href="/search?q=Microform%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5874.1">microform</a> documents and described in <a href="/search?q=Vannevar%20Bush%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5875.1">Vannevar Bush</a>'s 1945 article "<a href="/search?q=As%20We%20May%20Think%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5876.1">As We May Think</a><span title="". Bush envisioned the memex as a device in which individuals would compress and store all of their books, records, and communications, "mechanized so that it may be consulted with exceeding speed and flexibility". The individual was supposed to use the memex as an automatic personal ">". Bush envisioned the memex as a device in which individuals would compress and store all of their books, records, and communications, "mechanized so that it may be consulted with exc…</span></p><div class="sml inline" id="expitem_820918414_31" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6524.1" data-expl=""><a id="expitem_820918414_31_hit" class="b_mopexpref" data-exp="I;expitem_820918414_31;;0;;;Expansion;;0;0;expitem_820918414_31_hit;10;0;" href="javascript:void(0);" aria-label="Show more" role="button" aria-expanded="false"><span class="sw_plus cipa " width="16" height="16"></span><div class="expansionAccessibilityText" LessAltText="Less content will be shown above the current area of focus upon selection" MoreAltText="New content will be added above the current area of focus upon selection">New content will be added above the current area of focus upon selection</div></a></div></div><div class="b_hide" data-exp="H;expitem_820918414_31;;pvc_820918469_32;;;" data-exp-noani=""><p class="b_paractl">Memex [memory expansion] is a hypothetical electromechanical device for interacting with <a href="/search?q=Microform%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5874.2">microform</a> documents and described in <a href="/search?q=Vannevar%20Bush%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5875.2">Vannevar Bush</a>'s 1945 article "<a href="/search?q=As%20We%20May%20Think%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5876.2">As We May Think</a>". Bush envisioned the memex as a device in which individuals would compress and store all of their books, records, and communications, "mechanized so that it may be consulted with exceeding speed and flexibility". The individual was supposed to use the memex as an automatic personal <a href="/search?q=Filing%20cabinet%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5877.1">filing system</a>, making the memex "an enlarged intimate supplement to his memory". <br /><br/>The concept of the memex influenced the development of early <a href="/search?q=Hypertext%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5882.1">hypertext</a> systems, eventually leading to the creation of the <a href="/search?q=World%20Wide%20Web%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5883.1">World Wide Web</a>, and <a href="/search?q=Personal%20knowledge%20base%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5884.1">personal knowledge base</a> software. The hypothetical implementation depicted by Bush for the purpose of concrete illustration was based upon a document bookmark list of static <a href="/search?q=Microfilm%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5885.1">microfilm</a> pages and lacked a true hypertext system, where parts of pages would have internal structure beyond the common textual format. </p></div></div><div id="tab_12_F58B7" class="tab-hide" data-appns="SERP" data-k="5887.2" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab_12_F58B7_head" data-priority="2"><div id="pvc_820924335_34"><p class="b_paractl"><span class="b_promoteText">An electromechanical memex device</span><br />In "<a href="/search?q=As%20We%20May%20Think%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5891.1">As We May Think</a>", <a href="/search?q=Vannevar%20Bush%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5892.1">Vannevar Bush</a><span title=" describes a memex as an electromechanical device enabling individuals to develop and read a large self-contained research library, create and follow associative trails of links and personal annotations, and recall these trails at any time to share them with other researchers. This device would closely mimic the ">describes a memex as an electromechanical device enabling individuals to develop and read a large self-contained research library, create and follow associative trails of links and personal annotations, and recall these trails at any time to …</span></p><div class="sml inline" id="expitem_820924278_33" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6525.1" data-expl=""><a id="expitem_820924278_33_hit" class="b_mopexpref" data-exp="I;expitem_820924278_33;;0;;;Expansion;;0;0;expitem_820924278_33_hit;10;0;" href="javascript:void(0);" aria-label="Show more" role="button" aria-expanded="false"><span class="sw_plus cipa " width="16" height="16"></span><div class="expansionAccessibilityText" LessAltText="Less content will be shown above the current area of focus upon selection" MoreAltText="New content will be added above the current area of focus upon selection">New content will be added above the current area of focus upon selection</div></a></div></div><div class="b_hide" data-exp="H;expitem_820924278_33;;pvc_820924335_34;;;" data-exp-noani=""><p class="b_paractl"><span class="b_promoteText">An electromechanical memex device</span><br />In "<a href="/search?q=As%20We%20May%20Think%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5891.2">As We May Think</a>", <a href="/search?q=Vannevar%20Bush%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5892.2">Vannevar Bush</a> describes a memex as an electromechanical device enabling individuals to develop and read a large self-contained research library, create and follow associative trails of links and personal annotations, and recall these trails at any time to share them with other researchers. This device would closely mimic the <a href="/search?q=Association%20(psychology)%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5893.1">associative</a> processes of the human mind, but it would be gifted with permanent recollection. As Bush writes, "Thus science may implement the ways in which man produces, stores, and consults the record of the race". <br /><br/>The technology used would have been a combination of electromechanical controls and <a href="/search?q=Microfilm%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5895.1">microfilm</a> cameras and readers, all integrated into a large desk. Most of the microfilm library would have been contained within the desk, but the user could add or remove microfilm reels at will. A memex would hypothetically read and write content on these microfilm reels, using electric photocells to read coded symbols recorded next to individual microfilm frames while the reels spun at high speed, stopping on command. The coded symbols would enable the memex to index, search, and link content to create and follow associative trails. <br /><br/>The top of the desk would have slanting translucent screens on which material could be projected for convenient reading. The top of the memex would have a transparent platen. When a longhand note, photograph, memoranda, or other things were placed on the platen, the depression of a lever would cause the item to be photographed onto the next blank space in a section of the me…<br /><br/><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memex#Development" h="ID=SERP,5899.1">Read more on Wikipedia</a></p></div></div><div id="tab_13_F5AF8" class="tab-hide" data-appns="SERP" data-k="5900.2" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab_13_F5AF8_head" data-priority="2"><div id="pvc_820926844_36"><p class="b_paractl">Bush said of his "<a href="/search?q=As%20We%20May%20Think%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5909.1">As We May Think</a>" memex device that "technical difficulties of all sorts have been ignored," but that, "also ignored are means as yet unknown which may come any day to accelerate technical progress as violently as did the advent of the <a href="/search?q=Thermionic%20tube%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5910.1">thermionic tube</a>." <a href="/search?q=Michael%20Buckland%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5911.1">Michael Buckland</a><span title=" concluded that Bush's 1945 vision for an information retrieval machine is unhistorically viewed in relation to the subsequent development of electronic ">concluded that Bush's 1945 vision for an information retrieval machin…</span></p><div class="sml inline" id="expitem_820926803_35" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6526.1" data-expl=""><a id="expitem_820926803_35_hit" class="b_mopexpref" data-exp="I;expitem_820926803_35;;0;;;Expansion;;0;0;expitem_820926803_35_hit;10;0;" href="javascript:void(0);" aria-label="Show more" role="button" aria-expanded="false"><span class="sw_plus cipa " width="16" height="16"></span><div class="expansionAccessibilityText" LessAltText="Less content will be shown above the current area of focus upon selection" MoreAltText="New content will be added above the current area of focus upon selection">New content will be added above the current area of focus upon selection</div></a></div></div><div class="b_hide" data-exp="H;expitem_820926803_35;;pvc_820926844_36;;;" data-exp-noani=""><p class="b_paractl">Bush said of his "<a href="/search?q=As%20We%20May%20Think%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5909.2">As We May Think</a>" memex device that "technical difficulties of all sorts have been ignored," but that, "also ignored are means as yet unknown which may come any day to accelerate technical progress as violently as did the advent of the <a href="/search?q=Thermionic%20tube%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5910.2">thermionic tube</a>." <a href="/search?q=Michael%20Buckland%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5911.2">Michael Buckland</a> concluded that Bush's 1945 vision for an information retrieval machine is unhistorically viewed in relation to the subsequent development of electronic <a href="/search?q=Computer%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5912.1">computer</a> technology. Buckland studied the historical background of <a href="/search?q=Information%20retrieval%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5913.1">information retrieval</a> in and before 1939 because the Memex was based on Bush's work during 1938–1940 in building a photoelectric <a href="/search?q=Microfilm%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5914.1">microfilm</a> selector, an electronic retrieval technology invented by <a href="/search?q=Emanuel%20Goldberg%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5915.1">Emanuel Goldberg</a> for <a href="/search?q=Zeiss%20Ikon%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5916.1">Zeiss Ikon</a> in the 1920s. According to Buckland, the legacy of Bush is twofold: a significant engineering achievement in building a rapid prototype microfilm selector, and "a speculative article" which through "the social prestige of its author, has had an immediate and lasting effect in stimulating others." <br /><br/>The pioneer of <a href="/search?q=Human–computer%20interaction%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5923.1">human–computer interaction</a> <a href="/search?q=Douglas%20Engelbart%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5924.1">Douglas Engelbart</a> was inspired by Bush's proposal for a co-evolution between humans and machines. In a 1999 publication, Engelbart recollects that reading "As We May Think" in 1945 he "became 'infected' with the idea of building a means to extend and navigate this great pool of human knowledge". Around 1961, Engelbart re-read Bush's artic…<br /><br/><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memex#Legacy" h="ID=SERP,5936.1">Read more on Wikipedia</a></p></div></div><div id="tab_14_F5DA9" class="tab-hide" data-appns="SERP" data-k="5937.2" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab_14_F5DA9_head" data-priority="2"><div id="pvc_820929783_38"><p class="b_paractl">In 1959, <a href="/search?q=Vannevar%20Bush%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5940.1">Vannevar Bush</a> described an improved "Memex II". In the manuscript draft of "Memex II" he wrote, "Professional societies will no longer print papers..." and states that individuals will either order sets of papers to come on tape – complete with photographs and diagrams – or download '<a href="/search?q=Facsimile%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5941.1">facsimiles</a><span title="' by telephone. Each society would maintain a 'master memex' containing all papers, references, tables "intimately interconnected by trails, so that one may follow a detailed matter from paper to paper, going back through the classics, recording criticism in the margins." ">' by telephone. Each society would maintain a 'ma…</span></p><div class="sml inline" id="expitem_820929744_37" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6527.1" data-expl=""><a id="expitem_820929744_37_hit" class="b_mopexpref" data-exp="I;expitem_820929744_37;;0;;;Expansion;;0;0;expitem_820929744_37_hit;10;0;" href="javascript:void(0);" aria-label="Show more" role="button" aria-expanded="false"><span class="sw_plus cipa " width="16" height="16"></span><div class="expansionAccessibilityText" LessAltText="Less content will be shown above the current area of focus upon selection" MoreAltText="New content will be added above the current area of focus upon selection">New content will be added above the current area of focus upon selection</div></a></div></div><div class="b_hide" data-exp="H;expitem_820929744_37;;pvc_820929783_38;;;" data-exp-noani=""><p class="b_paractl">In 1959, <a href="/search?q=Vannevar%20Bush%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5940.2">Vannevar Bush</a> described an improved "Memex II". In the manuscript draft of "Memex II" he wrote, "Professional societies will no longer print papers..." and states that individuals will either order sets of papers to come on tape – complete with photographs and diagrams – or download '<a href="/search?q=Facsimile%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5941.2">facsimiles</a>' by telephone. Each society would maintain a 'master memex' containing all papers, references, tables "intimately interconnected by trails, so that one may follow a detailed matter from paper to paper, going back through the classics, recording criticism in the margins." </p></div></div><div id="tab_15_F5E6C" class="tab-hide" data-appns="SERP" data-k="5943.2" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab_15_F5E6C_head" data-priority="2"><div id="pvc_820931766_40"><p class="b_paractl">In 1967, <a href="/search?q=Vannevar%20Bush%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5946.1">Vannevar Bush</a><span title=" published a retrospective article entitled "Memex Revisited" in his book Science Is Not Enough. Published 22 years after his initial conception of the Memex, Bush details the various technological advancements that have made his vision a possibility. Specifically, Bush cites photocells, transistors, cathode ray tubes, magnetic and videotape, "high-speed electric circuits", and "miniaturization of solid-state devices" such as the TV and radio. The article claims that ">published a retrospective article entitled "Memex Revisited" in his book Science Is Not Enough. Published 22 years after his initial conception of the Memex, Bush details the various technological advancements that have made his vision a possibility. Specifically, Bush cites photocells, transistors, cathode ray tubes, magnetic and videotape, "high-speed el…</span></p><div class="sml inline" id="expitem_820931722_39" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6528.1" data-expl=""><a id="expitem_820931722_39_hit" class="b_mopexpref" data-exp="I;expitem_820931722_39;;0;;;Expansion;;0;0;expitem_820931722_39_hit;10;0;" href="javascript:void(0);" aria-label="Show more" role="button" aria-expanded="false"><span class="sw_plus cipa " width="16" height="16"></span><div class="expansionAccessibilityText" LessAltText="Less content will be shown above the current area of focus upon selection" MoreAltText="New content will be added above the current area of focus upon selection">New content will be added above the current area of focus upon selection</div></a></div></div><div class="b_hide" data-exp="H;expitem_820931722_39;;pvc_820931766_40;;;" data-exp-noani=""><p class="b_paractl">In 1967, <a href="/search?q=Vannevar%20Bush%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5946.2">Vannevar Bush</a> published a retrospective article entitled "Memex Revisited" in his book Science Is Not Enough. Published 22 years after his initial conception of the Memex, Bush details the various technological advancements that have made his vision a possibility. Specifically, Bush cites photocells, transistors, cathode ray tubes, magnetic and videotape, "high-speed electric circuits", and "miniaturization of solid-state devices" such as the TV and radio. The article claims that <a href="/search?q=Magnetic%20tape%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5947.1">magnetic tape</a> would be central to the creation of a modern Memex device. The erasable quality of the tape is of special significance, as this would allow for modification of information stored in the proposed Memex. <br /><br/>In the article, Bush stresses the continued importance of supplementing "how creative men think" and relates that the systems for indexing data are still insufficient and rely too much on linear pathways rather than the association-based system of the human brain. Bush writes that a machine with the "speed and flexibility" of the brain is not attainable, but improvements could be made in regard to the capacity to obtain informational "permanence and clarity". <br /><br/>Bush also relates that, unlike digital technology, Memex would be of no significant aid to business or profitable ventures, and as a consequence, its development would occur only long after the mechanization of libraries and the introduction of what he describes as the specialized "group machine", which would be useful for the sharing of ideas in fields such as medicine. Furthermore, although Bush discusses the compressional ability and rapidity so key to modern machines, he …<br /><br/><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memex#1967_Memex_revisited" h="ID=SERP,5950.1">Read more on Wikipedia</a></p></div></div><div id="tab_16_F6190" class="tab-hide" data-appns="SERP" data-k="5951.2" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab_16_F6190_head" data-priority="2"><div id="pvc_820933918_42"><p class="b_paractl">• <a href="/search?q=AltaVista%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5953.1">AltaVista</a><br />• <a href="/search?q=Card%20file%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5955.1">Card file</a><br />• <a href="/search?q=Commonplace%20book%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5957.1">Commonplace book</a><br />• <a href="/search?q=Dublin%20Core%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5959.1">Dublin Core</a></p><div class="sml inline" id="expitem_820933880_41" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6529.1" data-expl=""><a id="expitem_820933880_41_hit" class="b_mopexpref" data-exp="I;expitem_820933880_41;;0;;;Expansion;;0;0;expitem_820933880_41_hit;10;0;" href="javascript:void(0);" aria-label="Show more" role="button" aria-expanded="false"><span class="sw_plus cipa " width="16" height="16"></span><div class="expansionAccessibilityText" LessAltText="Less content will be shown above the current area of focus upon selection" MoreAltText="New content will be added above the current area of focus upon selection">New content will be added above the current area of focus upon selection</div></a></div></div><div class="b_hide" data-exp="H;expitem_820933880_41;;pvc_820933918_42;;;" data-exp-noani=""><p class="b_paractl">• <a href="/search?q=AltaVista%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5953.2">AltaVista</a><br />• <a href="/search?q=Card%20file%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5955.2">Card file</a><br />• <a href="/search?q=Commonplace%20book%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5957.2">Commonplace book</a><br />• <a href="/search?q=Dublin%20Core%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5959.2">Dublin Core</a><br />• <a href="/search?q=Hypomnema%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5961.1">Hypomnema</a><br />• <a href="/search?q=Intelligence%20amplification%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5963.1">Intelligence amplification</a><br />• <a href="/search?q=Ángela%20Ruiz%20Robles%23Mechanical%20Encyclopaedia%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5965.1">Mechanical Encyclopaedia</a><br />• <a href="/search?q=Metadata%20(computing)%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5967.1">Metadata</a><br />• <a href="/search?q=Mundaneum%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5969.1">Mundaneum</a><br />• <a href="/search?q=Office%20of%20the%20future%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5971.1">Office of the future</a><br />• <a href="/search?q=Paul%20Otlet%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5973.1">Paul Otlet</a><br />• <a href="/search?q=Project%20Xanadu%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5975.1">Project Xanadu</a><br />• <a href="/search?q=Semantic%20Web%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5977.1">Semantic Web</a><br />• <a href="/search?q=Victorian%20Internet%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5979.1">Victorian Internet</a><br />• <a href="/search?q=Web%20annotation%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5981.1">Web annotation</a><br />• <a href="/search?q=World%20Brain%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5983.1">World Brain</a></p></div></div><div id="tab_17_F6392" class="tab-hide" data-appns="SERP" data-k="5985.2" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab_17_F6392_head" data-priority="2"><div id="pvc_820937172_44"><p class="b_paractl">• Barnet, Belinda (2013). Memory Machines: The Evolution of Hypertext. Anthem Press. <a href="/search?q=ISBN%20(identifier)%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5988.1">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780857281968" h="ID=SERP,5989.1">9780857281968</a>.<br />• Bush, Vannevar (1967). <a href="http://worrydream.com/refs/Bush%20-%20Memex%20Revisited.pdf" h="ID=SERP,5993.1">Memex Revisited</a> (PDF). {{<a href="/search?q=Template%3ACite%20book%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5994.1">cite book</a>}}: |work= ignored (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" h="ID=SERP,5995.1">help</a>)<br />• Bush, Vannevar (Jul 1945). <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1945/07/as-we-may-think/3881/" h="ID=SERP,5998.1">"As We May Think"</a>. <a title="The Atlantic Monthly" href="/search?q=The%20Atlantic%20Monthly%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5999.1">The Atl…</a></p><div class="sml inline" id="expitem_820937134_43" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6530.1" data-expl=""><a id="expitem_820937134_43_hit" class="b_mopexpref" data-exp="I;expitem_820937134_43;;0;;;Expansion;;0;0;expitem_820937134_43_hit;10;0;" href="javascript:void(0);" aria-label="Show more" role="button" aria-expanded="false"><span class="sw_plus cipa " width="16" height="16"></span><div class="expansionAccessibilityText" LessAltText="Less content will be shown above the current area of focus upon selection" MoreAltText="New content will be added above the current area of focus upon selection">New content will be added above the current area of focus upon selection</div></a></div></div><div class="b_hide" data-exp="H;expitem_820937134_43;;pvc_820937172_44;;;" data-exp-noani=""><p class="b_paractl">• Barnet, Belinda (2013). Memory Machines: The Evolution of Hypertext. Anthem Press. <a href="/search?q=ISBN%20(identifier)%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5988.2">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780857281968" h="ID=SERP,5989.2">9780857281968</a>.<br />• Bush, Vannevar (1967). <a href="http://worrydream.com/refs/Bush%20-%20Memex%20Revisited.pdf" h="ID=SERP,5993.2">Memex Revisited</a> (PDF). {{<a href="/search?q=Template%3ACite%20book%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5994.2">cite book</a>}}: |work= ignored (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" h="ID=SERP,5995.2">help</a>)<br />• Bush, Vannevar (Jul 1945). <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1945/07/as-we-may-think/3881/" h="ID=SERP,5998.2">"As We May Think"</a>. <a href="/search?q=The%20Atlantic%20Monthly%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,5999.2">The Atlantic Monthly</a>. Vol. 176, no. 1. pp. 101–8.<br />• Cronin, Blaise, ed. (2006). Annual Review of Information Science and Technology 2007. Information Today Inc. <a href="/search?q=ISBN%20(identifier)%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,6002.1">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781573872768" h="ID=SERP,6003.1">9781573872768</a>.<br />• Leslie, Christopher. “As We Could Have Thought: Deploying Historical Narratives of the Memex in Support of Innovation.” Technology and Culture 61.2 (2020): 480–511.<br />• Smith, L. C. (1991). "Memex as an Image of Potentiality Revisited." In J. M. Nyce, & P. Kahn (Eds.), From Memex to Hypertext: Vannevar Bush and the Mind's Machine. (pp. 261–286). Academic Press.<br />• Wardrip-Fruin, Noah; Montfort, Nick, eds. (2003). The New Media Reader. MIT Press. <a href="/search?q=ISBN%20(identifier)%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE" h="ID=SERP,6006.1">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-262-23227-2" h="ID=SERP,6007.1">978-0-262-23227-2</a>.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="wiki_attr b_divdef"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memex" h="ID=SERP,6009.1">Wikipedia</a><span> · Text under <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/" h="ID=SERP,6010.1">CC-BY-SA license</a></span></div></div></div><div class="b_gobig_feedback"><div id="fdbk_thmb45" class="fdbk_thmb_root " data-priority="2" aria-live="polite"><div id="fdbk_emotion45" class="fdbk_emotion"></div><span id="fdbtext_45" class="fdbtext">Feedback</span><a id="thumb_t45" class="thumb_y " role="button" aria-label="Feedback Like" href="javascript:void(0)" h="ID=SERP,6532.1"></a><a id="thumb_f45" class="thumb_n " role="button" aria-label="Feedback Dislike" href="javascript:void(0)" h="ID=SERP,6533.1"></a><div id="thumbUpTips45" class="fdbk_hide fdbtext"><span>Thanks!</span><a id="thumb_tum45" role="button" aria-label="Tell us more" href="javascript:void(0)" h="ID=SERP,6534.1">Tell us more</a></div></div></div></li><li class="b_algo" data-id iid><div class="b_tpcn"><a class="tilk" aria-label="Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency" href="https://www.darpa.mil/program/memex" h="ID=SERP,5193.1"><div class="tpic"><div class="wr_fav" data-priority="2"><div class="cico siteicon" style="width:32px;height:32px;"><div class="rms_iac" style="height:32px;width:32px;" data-height="32" data-width="32" data-alt="Global web icon" data-class="rms_img" data-src="//th.bing.com/th?id=ODLS.015b20b9-290b-4958-87c6-aaa87f6dd42d&w=32&h=32&qlt=91&pcl=fffffa&o=6&pid=1.2"></div></div></div></div><div class="tptxt"><div class="tptt">Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency</div><div class="tpmeta"><div class="b_attribution" tabindex="0"><cite>https://www.<strong>darpa</strong>.mil/<strong>program</strong>/<strong>memex</strong></cite></div></div></div></a></div><div class="b_imgcap_altitle b_imgcap_nosc"><div class="b_imagePair square_mp reverse b_clearfix"><div class="inner"><div><div class="rms_iac" style="height:80px;width:80px;" data-data-priority="2" data-height="80" data-width="80" data-class="b_circleImage b_ci_image_overlay b_onfaimg rms_img" data-fdopt="False" data-data-overlaylink="/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=mH+5JX5P&id=34DD798E292FEC41FA858E98875902C7D5525AFA&thid=OIP.mH-5JX5PZZcS-nSqZ5l87QHaDx&mediaurl=https://www.darpa.mil/DDM_Gallery/Memex-619-316 - Copy.jpg&q=DARPAs+Memex+program+wikipedia&ck=C906390DE3652F76017A166E7D1D9FE4&idpp=rc&idpview=singleimage&form=rc2idp" data-aria-hidden="true" data-title="Explore this image" data-src="//th.bing.com/th?id=OIP.mH-5JX5PZZcS-nSqZ5l87QHaDx&w=80&h=80&c=1&vt=10&bgcl=f527ba&r=0&o=6&pid=5.1"></div><div class="b_greyBackgroundModal"></div></div></div><h2><a href="https://www.darpa.mil/program/memex" h="ID=SERP,5193.2">Memex - DARPA</a></h2><p class="b_lineclamp3">To help overcome these challenges, DARPA has launched the Memex program. Memex seeks to develop software that advances online search capabilities far beyond the current state of the art.</p></div></div><div class="b_caption b_rich" role="contentinfo"></div><div rpPositionName="rpPositionName"><div class="batg"><a class="batgil" href="https://www.darpa.mil/program/memex" h="ID=SERP,5193.3"><div class="tltg ">Tags:</div><div class="tltg ">Darpa Memex</div><div class="tltg ">Memex Open Source</div><div class="tltg ">Memex Search Engine Download Free</div></a></div><div class="bats"></div></div></li><li class="b_ans b_mop" data-tag data-partnerTag data-id h="SERP,6026.1"><div class="b_sideBleed b_topBleed b_bottomBleed"><div class="rqnaContainerwithfeedback df_alaskcarousel rqnafbUlWrapper rqnASCWrapper ansTtlUndrlnWrapper" data-fbhlsel=".rqnaContainerwithfeedback"><div id="df_listaa" class=""><div></div><div class="b_vPanel"><div><div class="df_hd"><div class="b_traits b_primtxt">People also ask</div></div></div><div><div id="relatedQnAListDisplay" class="hybridAnsWrapper hybridAnsWrapper2 hybridHeightWrapper" data-priority=""><div class="openans_gradient_div"></div><div id="slideexp0_12471Ec" class="b_slideexp" data-partnerInfo="" data-wire="I;slideexp_init;; |B;select;;I|F;selected;;O|F;active;;O|" data-control-id="slideexp0_12471E" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6542.1" data-stk=""><div class="b_overlay"><div id="slideexp0_12471Echevrons_prevbtn" class="btn disabled prev ltr rounded bld" data-dir="" role="button" aria-label="Click to scroll left" aria-hidden="true"><div class="bg"><span></span></div><div class="vcac"><div style="height: 32px; margin-top: -16px;"><div class="cr"><div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="slideexp0_12471Echevrons_nextbtn" class="btn next ltr rounded bld" data-dir="" role="button" aria-label="Click to scroll right" aria-hidden="false"><div class="bg"><span></span></div><div class="vcac"><div style="height: 32px; margin-top: -16px;"><div class="cr"><div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="b_slidesContainer"><div class="b_viewport"><div class="b_slidebar" id="slideexp0_12471E" role="list" aria-label="Please use arrow keys to navigate"><div class="slide" data-dataurl data-rinterval data-appns="SERP" data-k="6536.1" data-tag style tabindex data-mini role="listitem"><a class="df_alsocon_link" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertical_search" h="ID=SERP,6030.1"><div class="df_alsoAskCard rqnaAnsCWrapper df_vt" data-tag="RelatedQnA.Item" data-query="What does DARPA want from the Memex Technology?" data-IID="SERP.6027" data-ParentIID="SERP.6028"><div class="df_qnacontent"><div class="df_qntextwithicn"><div class="df_qntext">What does DARPA want from the Memex Technology?</div></div><span class="df_alsocon b_primtxt HitHighlightWrapper " data-tag="RelatedQnA.ItemDetails">DARPA wants <strong>the Memex technology developed in this research</strong> to be usable for search engines that can search for information on the Deep Web.</span></div><div class="df_ansatb df_ansfontlghybrid"><div class="qna_algo df_qna_algo"><div class="b_algo"><h2><span class="">Vertical search - Wikipedia</span></h2></div><div class="b_attribution b_clearfix qfavc"><div class="b_imagePair"><div class="cico" style="width:16px;height:16px;"><div class="rms_iac" style="height:16px;width:16px;" data-height="16" data-width="16" data-role="presentation" data-class="rms_img" data-src="//th.bing.com/th?id=ODLS.9d837793-b21b-4809-aceb-f60f4a0b6408&w=16&h=16&c=7&o=6&pid=1.7"></div></div><div><div class="qna_attr"><cite>en.wikipedia.org</cite></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></a></div><div class="slide" data-dataurl data-rinterval data-appns="SERP" data-k="6537.1" data-tag style tabindex data-mini role="listitem"><a class="df_alsocon_link" href="https://www.ibtimes.com/what-memex-how-darpas-secret-search-engine-trawls-dark-web-sex-trafficking-1812958" h="ID=SERP,6035.1"><div class="df_alsoAskCard rqnaAnsCWrapper df_vt" data-tag="RelatedQnA.Item" data-query="Could DARPA's new 'Memex' tool help thwart criminal activity?" data-IID="SERP.6032" data-ParentIID="SERP.6033"><div class="df_qnacontent"><div class="df_qntextwithicn"><div class="df_qntext">Could DARPA's new 'Memex' tool help thwart criminal activity?</div></div><span class="df_alsocon b_primtxt HitHighlightWrapper " data-tag="RelatedQnA.ItemDetails">Reuters/Eric Gaillard The Dark Net could soon be a lot brighter now that DARPA is developing a new tool that aims to root out criminal activity. Known as Memex, the technology is trying to map the connection between illicit advertisements with the suspected human traffickers who post them, the government says.</span></div><div class="df_ansatb df_ansfontlghybrid"><div class="qna_algo df_qna_algo"><div class="b_algo"><h2><span class="">What Is Memex? How DARPA's Secret Search Engine Trawls The Dark W…</span></h2></div><div class="b_attribution b_clearfix qfavc"><div class="b_imagePair"><div class="cico" style="width:16px;height:16px;"><div class="rms_iac" style="height:16px;width:16px;" data-height="16" data-width="16" data-role="presentation" data-class="rms_img" data-src="//th.bing.com/th?id=ODLS.2dce1d4a-74ee-45c3-8fc2-f7b44470fe12&w=16&h=16&c=7&o=6&pid=1.7"></div></div><div><div class="qna_attr"><cite>ibtimes.com</cite></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></a></div><div class="slide" data-dataurl data-rinterval data-appns="SERP" data-k="6538.1" data-tag style tabindex data-mini role="listitem"><a class="df_alsocon_link" href="https://www.ibtimes.com/what-memex-how-darpas-secret-search-engine-trawls-dark-web-sex-trafficking-1812958" h="ID=SERP,6040.1"><div class="df_alsoAskCard rqnaAnsCWrapper df_vt" data-tag="RelatedQnA.Item" data-query="How does DARPA's secret search engine trawl the dark web?" data-IID="SERP.6037" data-ParentIID="SERP.6038"><div class="df_qnacontent"><div class="df_qntextwithicn"><div class="df_qntext">How does DARPA's secret search engine trawl the dark web?</div></div><span class="df_alsocon b_primtxt HitHighlightWrapper " data-tag="RelatedQnA.ItemDetails">How DARPA's Secret Search Engine Trawls The Dark Web For Sex Trafficking Prostitutes from all over the world are smuggled into America and trafficked throughout the country. A new government initiative known as Memex is trying to stop that. Reuters/Eric Gaillard</span></div><div class="df_ansatb df_ansfontlghybrid"><div class="qna_algo df_qna_algo"><div class="b_algo"><h2><span class="">What Is Memex? How DARPA's Secret Search Engine Trawls The Dark W…</span></h2></div><div class="b_attribution b_clearfix qfavc"><div class="b_imagePair"><div class="cico" style="width:16px;height:16px;"><div class="rms_iac" style="height:16px;width:16px;" data-height="16" data-width="16" data-role="presentation" data-class="rms_img" data-src="//th.bing.com/th?id=ODLS.2dce1d4a-74ee-45c3-8fc2-f7b44470fe12&w=16&h=16&c=7&o=6&pid=1.7"></div></div><div><div class="qna_attr"><cite>ibtimes.com</cite></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></a></div><div class="slide" data-dataurl data-rinterval data-appns="SERP" data-k="6539.1" data-tag style tabindex data-mini role="listitem"><a class="df_alsocon_link" href="https://www.darpa.mil/program/memex" h="ID=SERP,6045.1"><div class="df_alsoAskCard rqnaAnsCWrapper df_vt" data-tag="RelatedQnA.Item" data-query="How did the Memex program get its name?" data-IID="SERP.6042" data-ParentIID="SERP.6043"><div class="df_qnacontent"><div class="df_qntextwithicn"><div class="df_qntext">How did the Memex program get its name?</div></div><span class="df_alsocon b_primtxt HitHighlightWrapper " data-tag="RelatedQnA.ItemDetails">The Memex program gets its name and inspiration from <strong>a hypothetical device</strong> described in “ As We May Think,” a 1945 article for The Atlantic Monthly written by Vannevar Bush, director of the U.S. Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD) during World War II.</span></div><div class="df_ansatb df_ansfontlghybrid"><div class="qna_algo df_qna_algo"><div class="b_algo"><h2><span class=""><strong>Memex</strong> (Archived) - DARPA</span></h2></div><div class="b_attribution b_clearfix qfavc"><div class="b_imagePair"><div class="cico" style="width:16px;height:16px;"><div class="rms_iac" style="height:16px;width:16px;" data-height="16" data-width="16" data-role="presentation" data-class="rms_img" data-src="//th.bing.com/th?id=ODLS.015b20b9-290b-4958-87c6-aaa87f6dd42d&w=16&h=16&c=7&o=6&pid=1.7"></div></div><div><div class="qna_attr"><cite>darpa.mil</cite></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></a></div><div class="slide" data-dataurl data-rinterval data-appns="SERP" data-k="6540.1" data-tag style tabindex data-mini role="listitem"><a class="df_alsocon_link" href="https://www.wired.com/2015/02/darpa-memex-dark-web/" h="ID=SERP,6050.1"><div class="df_alsoAskCard rqnaAnsCWrapper df_vt" data-tag="RelatedQnA.Item" data-query="How does Memex work?" data-IID="SERP.6047" data-ParentIID="SERP.6048"><div class="df_qnacontent"><div class="df_qntextwithicn"><div class="df_qntext">How does Memex work?</div></div><span class="df_alsocon b_primtxt HitHighlightWrapper " data-tag="RelatedQnA.ItemDetails">To achieve this goal, Memex will not only scrape content from the millions of regular web pages that get ignored by commercial search engines but will also chronicle thousands of sites on the so-called Dark Web ---such as sites like the former Silk Road drug emporium that are part of the TOR network's Hidden Services.</span></div><div class="df_ansatb df_ansfontlghybrid"><div class="qna_algo df_qna_algo"><div class="b_algo"><h2><span class="">Darpa Is Developing a Search Engine for the Dark Web | WIRED</span></h2></div><div class="b_attribution b_clearfix qfavc"><div class="b_imagePair"><div class="cico" style="width:16px;height:16px;"><div class="rms_iac" style="height:16px;width:16px;" data-height="16" data-width="16" data-role="presentation" data-class="rms_img" data-src="//th.bing.com/th?id=ODLS.f83e2d27-628e-404f-b848-96c1e0846959&w=16&h=16&c=7&o=6&pid=1.7"></div></div><div><div class="qna_attr"><cite>wired.com</cite></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></a></div><div class="slide" data-dataurl data-rinterval data-appns="SERP" data-k="6541.1" data-tag style tabindex data-mini role="listitem"><a class="df_alsocon_link" href="https://www.darpa.mil/program/memex" h="ID=SERP,6055.1"><div class="df_alsoAskCard rqnaAnsCWrapper df_vt" data-tag="RelatedQnA.Item" data-query="Will Memex apply to public domain content?" data-IID="SERP.6052" data-ParentIID="SERP.6053"><div class="df_qnacontent"><div class="df_qntextwithicn"><div class="df_qntext">Will Memex apply to public domain content?</div></div><span class="df_alsocon b_primtxt HitHighlightWrapper " data-tag="RelatedQnA.ItemDetails"><strong>Memex would ultimately apply to any public domain content</strong>; initially, DARPA plans to develop Memex to address a key Defense Department mission: fighting human trafficking. Human trafficking is a factor in many types of military, law enforcement and intelligence investigations and has a significant web presence to attract customers.</span></div><div class="df_ansatb df_ansfontlghybrid"><div class="qna_algo df_qna_algo"><div class="b_algo"><h2><span class=""><strong>Memex</strong> (Archived) - DARPA</span></h2></div><div class="b_attribution b_clearfix qfavc"><div class="b_imagePair"><div class="cico" style="width:16px;height:16px;"><div class="rms_iac" style="height:16px;width:16px;" data-height="16" data-width="16" data-role="presentation" data-class="rms_img" data-src="//th.bing.com/th?id=ODLS.015b20b9-290b-4958-87c6-aaa87f6dd42d&w=16&h=16&c=7&o=6&pid=1.7"></div></div><div><div class="qna_attr"><cite>darpa.mil</cite></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="fbans"><div class="b_footnote"><a id="fdbkans_0" class="hlig" target="_blank" data-fbhlsel=".rqnaContainerwithfeedback" role="button" href="javascript:void(0)" h="ID=SERP,6549.1">Feedback</a></div></div></div></div></li><li class="b_algo" data-id iid><div class="b_tpcn"><a class="tilk" aria-label="Wikipedia" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA" h="ID=SERP,5219.1"><div class="tpic"><div class="wr_fav" data-priority="2"><div class="cico siteicon" style="width:32px;height:32px;"><div class="rms_iac" style="height:32px;width:32px;" data-height="32" data-width="32" data-alt="Global web icon" data-class="rms_img" data-src="//th.bing.com/th?id=ODLS.9d837793-b21b-4809-aceb-f60f4a0b6408&w=32&h=32&qlt=92&pcl=fffffa&o=6&pid=1.2"></div></div></div></div><div class="tptxt"><div class="tptt">Wikipedia</div><div class="tpmeta"><div class="b_attribution" u="2|5078|4739277852928892|5sX07PA4wzNrLOmuxaWsYmaJ19A9tMzh" tabindex="0"><cite>https://<strong>en.wikipedia.org</strong>/<strong>wiki</strong>/<strong>DARPA</strong></cite><span class="c_tlbxTrg"><span class="c_tlbxH" H="BASE:CACHEDPAGEDEFAULT" K="SERP,5220.1"></span></span></div></div></div></a></div><h2><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA" h="ID=SERP,5219.2">DARPA - Wikipedia</a></h2><div class="b_caption" role="contentinfo"><div class="b_wikiRichcard_noHeroSection"><div id="WF_tabcontrol_27_FE3F0" class="b_wikiRichcard"><div id="tabcontrol_27_FE3F0" class="tab-container" data-wire="I;tab;; |B;a;;I|" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6379.2"><div class="tab-head HeroTab"><div id="tabcontrol_27_FE3F0_navl" class="tab-navl" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6550.1"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 16" enable-background="new 0 0 16 16" width="16" height="40"><path class="sv_ch" d="M12.29.235c-.312-.313-.818-.313-1.131 0l-7.2 7.2c-.148.148-.234.355-.234.565 0 .21.086.417.234.566l7.2 7.2c.312.313.818.313 1.131 0 .313-.312.313-.818 0-1.131l-6.634-6.635 6.634-6.634c.313-.312.312-.819 0-1.131z" /></svg></div><div class="tab-menu tab-hasnav" style="width:544px"><ul id="tabcontrol_27_FE3F0_menu" style="margin-left:0px;" role="tablist" data-dataurl=""><li data-dataurl="/wiki?hash=3DFB9F47A97AC0819D85&order=1%2c5%2c2%2c3%2c4%2c6%2c7%2c8&width=608&open=0&accId=WikiRichcard&appNS=SERP&containsHeroSection=False&DataSource=DefaultProd" id="tab_19_FD9BB_head" data-nc="" data-nr="" class="b_dmtab" style=" width:66px;" data-w="66" data-ow="98" data-content="tab_19_FD9BB" role="tab" aria-controls="tab_19_FD9BB" aria-selected="false" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6216.1">Overview</li><li data-dataurl="" id="tab_20_FDA49_head" data-nc="" data-nr="" class="b_dmtab tab-active" style=" width:57px;" data-w="57" data-ow="89" data-content="tab_20_FDA49" tabindex="0" role="tab" aria-controls="tab_20_FDA49" aria-selected="true" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6217.1">Projects</li><li data-dataurl="/wiki?hash=3DFB9F47A97AC0819D85&order=1%2c5%2c2%2c3%2c4%2c6%2c7%2c8&width=608&open=2&accId=WikiRichcard&appNS=SERP&containsHeroSection=False&DataSource=DefaultProd" id="tab_21_FE241_head" data-nc="" data-nr="" class="b_dmtab" style=" width:55px;" data-w="55" data-ow="87" data-content="tab_21_FE241" role="tab" aria-controls="tab_21_FE241" aria-selected="false" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6371.1">Mission</li><li data-dataurl="/wiki?hash=3DFB9F47A97AC0819D85&order=1%2c5%2c2%2c3%2c4%2c6%2c7%2c8&width=608&open=3&accId=WikiRichcard&appNS=SERP&containsHeroSection=False&DataSource=DefaultProd" id="tab_22_FE28B_head" data-nc="" data-nr="" class="b_dmtab" style=" width:51px;" data-w="51" data-ow="83" data-content="tab_22_FE28B" role="tab" aria-controls="tab_22_FE28B" aria-selected="false" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6372.1">History</li><li data-dataurl="/wiki?hash=3DFB9F47A97AC0819D85&order=1%2c5%2c2%2c3%2c4%2c6%2c7%2c8&width=608&open=4&accId=WikiRichcard&appNS=SERP&containsHeroSection=False&DataSource=DefaultProd" id="tab_23_FE2B9_head" data-nc="" data-nr="" class="b_dmtab" style=" width:92px;" data-w="92" data-ow="124" data-content="tab_23_FE2B9" role="tab" aria-controls="tab_23_FE2B9" aria-selected="false" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6373.1">Organization</li><li data-dataurl="/wiki?hash=3DFB9F47A97AC0819D85&order=1%2c5%2c2%2c3%2c4%2c6%2c7%2c8&width=608&open=5&accId=WikiRichcard&appNS=SERP&containsHeroSection=False&DataSource=DefaultProd" id="tab_24_FE2EB_head" data-nc="" data-nr="" class="b_dmtab" style=" width:106px;" data-w="106" data-ow="138" data-content="tab_24_FE2EB" role="tab" aria-controls="tab_24_FE2EB" aria-selected="false" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6374.1">Notable fiction</li><li data-dataurl="/wiki?hash=3DFB9F47A97AC0819D85&order=1%2c5%2c2%2c3%2c4%2c6%2c7%2c8&width=608&open=6&accId=WikiRichcard&appNS=SERP&containsHeroSection=False&DataSource=DefaultProd" id="tab_25_FE31C_head" data-nc="" data-nr="" class="b_dmtab" style=" width:59px;" data-w="59" data-ow="91" data-content="tab_25_FE31C" role="tab" aria-controls="tab_25_FE31C" aria-selected="false" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6375.1">See also</li><li data-dataurl="/wiki?hash=3DFB9F47A97AC0819D85&order=1%2c5%2c2%2c3%2c4%2c6%2c7%2c8&width=608&open=7&accId=WikiRichcard&appNS=SERP&containsHeroSection=False&DataSource=DefaultProd" id="tab_26_FE347_head" data-nc="" data-nr="" class="b_dmtab" style=" width:110px;" data-w="110" data-ow="142" data-content="tab_26_FE347" role="tab" aria-controls="tab_26_FE347" aria-selected="false" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6376.1">Further reading</li></ul></div><div id="tabcontrol_27_FE3F0_navr" class="tab-navr" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6551.1"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 16" enable-background="new 0 0 16 16" width="16" height="40"><path class="sv_ch" d="M3.735 1.366l6.634 6.634-6.634 6.634c-.313.313-.313.819 0 1.131.313.313.819.313 1.131 0l7.2-7.2c.148-.148.234-.355.234-.565 0-.21-.086-.417-.234-.566l-7.2-7.2c-.313-.313-.819-.313-1.131 0s-.313.82 0 1.132z" /></svg></div></div><div class="tab-content"><div id="tab_19_FD9BB" class="tab-hide" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6216.2" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab_19_FD9BB_head" data-priority="2"></div><div id="tab_20_FDA49" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6217.2" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab_20_FDA49_head" data-priority=""><p class="b_paractl">A list of DARPA's active and archived projects is available on the agency's website. Because of the agency's fast pace, programs constantly start and stop based on the needs of the U.S. government. Structured information about some of the DARPA's contracts and projects is publicly available. <br />• AdvaNced airCraft Infrastructure-Less Launch And RecoverY X-Plane (ANCILLARY) (2022): T…</p></div><div id="tab_21_FE241" class="tab-hide" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6371.2" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab_21_FE241_head" data-priority="2"></div><div id="tab_22_FE28B" class="tab-hide" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6372.2" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab_22_FE28B_head" data-priority="2"></div><div id="tab_23_FE2B9" class="tab-hide" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6373.2" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab_23_FE2B9_head" data-priority="2"></div><div id="tab_24_FE2EB" class="tab-hide" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6374.2" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab_24_FE2EB_head" data-priority="2"></div><div id="tab_25_FE31C" class="tab-hide" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6375.2" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab_25_FE31C_head" data-priority="2"></div><div id="tab_26_FE347" class="tab-hide" data-appns="SERP" data-k="6376.2" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab_26_FE347_head" data-priority="2"></div></div></div><div class="wiki_attr b_divdef"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA" h="ID=SERP,6377.1">Wikipedia</a><span> · Text under <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/" h="ID=SERP,6378.1">CC-BY-SA license</a></span></div></div></div></div></li><li class="b_algo" data-id iid><div class="b_tpcn"><a class="tilk" aria-label="Wikipedia" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertical_search" h="ID=SERP,5244.1"><div class="tpic"><div class="wr_fav" data-priority="2"><div class="cico siteicon" style="width:32px;height:32px;"><div class="rms_iac" style="height:32px;width:32px;" data-height="32" data-width="32" data-alt="Global web icon" data-class="rms_img" data-src="//th.bing.com/th?id=ODLS.9d837793-b21b-4809-aceb-f60f4a0b6408&w=32&h=32&qlt=93&pcl=fffffa&o=6&pid=1.2"></div></div></div></div><div class="tptxt"><div class="tptt">Wikipedia</div><div class="tpmeta"><div class="b_attribution" u="3|5079|4792870447755850|G_GNjerZ6k6Di9VFWdASqZM3ZK74vQrW" tabindex="0"><cite>https://<strong>en.wikipedia.org</strong>/<strong>wiki</strong>/<strong>Vertical_search</strong></cite><span class="c_tlbxTrg"><span class="c_tlbxH" H="BASE:CACHEDPAGEDEFAULT" K="SERP,5245.1"></span></span></div></div></div></a></div><h2><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertical_search" h="ID=SERP,5244.2">Vertical search - Wikipedia</a></h2><div class="b_caption" role="contentinfo"><p class="b_lineclamp2">DARPA wants the Memex technology developed in this research to be usable for search engines that can search for information on the Deep Web – the part of the Internet that is largely …</p></div><div rpPositionName="rpPositionName"><div class="batg"><a class="batgil" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertical_search" h="ID=SERP,5244.3"><div class="tltg ">Tags:</div><div class="tltg ">Darpa Memex</div><div class="tltg ">Focused Crawler</div><div class="tltg ">Vertical Search</div><div class="tltg ">Wikipedia Editing</div></a></div><div class="bats"></div></div></li><li class="b_algo" data-id iid><div class="b_tpcn"><a class="tilk" aria-label="U.S. Department of Defense" href="https://www.defense.gov/News/News-Stories/Article/Article/1041509/darpa-program-helps-to-fight-human-trafficking/" h="ID=SERP,5271.1"><div class="tpic"><div class="wr_fav" data-priority="2"><div class="cico siteicon" style="width:32px;height:32px;"><div class="rms_iac" style="height:32px;width:32px;" data-height="32" data-width="32" data-alt="Global web icon" data-class="rms_img" data-src="//th.bing.com/th?id=ODLS.09b32c91-87c6-4933-b98e-34d55f05d257&w=32&h=32&qlt=94&pcl=fffffa&o=6&pid=1.2"></div></div></div></div><div class="tptxt"><div class="tptt">U.S. Department of Defense</div><div class="tpmeta"><div class="b_attribution" u="4|5080|4820852160017296|r4ZcETFtiR6QRW8MGMmwg0L0Vappj0PT" tabindex="0"><cite>https://<strong>www.defense.gov</strong>/.../<strong>darpa-program-helps-to-fight-huma</strong>…</cite><span class="c_tlbxTrg"><span class="c_tlbxH" H="BASE:CACHEDPAGEDEFAULT" K="SERP,5272.1"></span></span></div></div></div></a></div><h2><a href="https://www.defense.gov/News/News-Stories/Article/Article/1041509/darpa-program-helps-to-fight-human-trafficking/" h="ID=SERP,5271.2">DARPA Program Helps to Fight Human Trafficking</a></h2><div class="b_caption" role="contentinfo"><p class="b_lineclamp2"><span class="news_dt">Dec 28, 2016</span> · Wade Shen, a program manager in DARPA’s Information Innovation Office, said in a recent DoD News interview that the program, called Memex, is designed to help law …</p></div><div rpPositionName="rpPositionName"><div class="batg"><a class="batgil" href="https://www.defense.gov/News/News-Stories/Article/Article/1041509/darpa-program-helps-to-fight-human-trafficking/" h="ID=SERP,5271.3"><div class="tltg ">Tags:</div><div class="tltg ">United States Department of Defense</div><div class="tltg ">Memex</div></a></div><div class="bats"></div></div></li><li class="b_algo" data-id iid><div class="b_tpcn"><a class="tilk" aria-label="Electrical Engineering" href="https://www.ee.columbia.edu/ln/dvmm/memex/" h="ID=SERP,5297.1"><div class="tpic"><div class="wr_fav" data-priority="2"><div class="cico siteicon" style="width:32px;height:32px;"><div class="rms_iac" style="height:32px;width:32px;" data-height="32" data-width="32" data-alt="Global web icon" data-class="rms_img" data-src="//th.bing.com/th?id=ODLS.227b7483-dfd7-46a5-9933-adcb0248232f&w=32&h=32&qlt=95&pcl=fffffa&o=6&pid=1.2"></div></div></div></div><div class="tptxt"><div class="tptt">Electrical Engineering</div><div class="tpmeta"><div class="b_attribution" u="5|5081|4609136043246533|rgEPIAStkzMv_iPbGqb3XItpopUcdPWx" tabindex="0"><cite>https://www.ee.columbia.edu/ln/dvmm/<strong>memex</strong></cite><span class="c_tlbxTrg"><span class="c_tlbxH" H="BASE:CACHEDPAGEDEFAULT" K="SERP,5298.1"></span></span></div></div></div></a></div><h2><a href="https://www.ee.columbia.edu/ln/dvmm/memex/" h="ID=SERP,5297.2">Columbia University Content Based Image Search Tool</a></h2><div class="b_caption" role="contentinfo"><p class="b_lineclamp2">This is the homepage of the content based image similarity search and concept prediction tool for the DARPA MEMEX project developed at Columbia University. The objective of the MEMEX …</p></div><div rpPositionName="rpPositionName"><div class="batg"><a class="batgil" href="https://www.ee.columbia.edu/ln/dvmm/memex/" h="ID=SERP,5297.3"><div class="tltg ">Tags:</div><div class="tltg ">Columbia Image Similarity Search</div><div class="tltg ">Dvmm Lab</div><div class="tltg ">Memex Darpa Github</div></a></div><div class="bats"></div></div></li><li class="b_algo" data-id iid><div class="b_tpcn"><a class="tilk" aria-label="WIRED" href="https://www.wired.com/2015/02/darpa-memex-dark-web/" h="ID=SERP,5323.1"><div class="tpic"><div class="wr_fav" data-priority="2"><div class="cico siteicon" style="width:32px;height:32px;"><div class="rms_iac" style="height:32px;width:32px;" data-height="32" data-width="32" data-alt="Global web icon" data-class="rms_img" data-src="//th.bing.com/th?id=ODLS.f83e2d27-628e-404f-b848-96c1e0846959&w=32&h=32&qlt=96&pcl=fffffa&o=6&pid=1.2"></div></div></div></div><div class="tptxt"><div class="tptt">WIRED</div><div class="tpmeta"><div class="b_attribution" tabindex="0"><cite>https://<strong>www.wired.com</strong>/2015/02/<strong>darpa</strong>-<strong>memex</strong>-dark-web</cite></div></div></div></a></div><h2><a href="https://www.wired.com/2015/02/darpa-memex-dark-web/" h="ID=SERP,5323.2">Darpa Is Developing a Search Engine for the Dark Web | WIRED</a></h2><div class="b_caption" role="contentinfo"><p class="b_lineclamp2"><span class="news_dt">Feb 10, 2015</span> · A new search engine being developed by Darpa aims to shine a light on the dark web and uncover patterns and relationships in online data to help law enforcement and others …</p></div></li><li class="b_algo" data-id iid><div class="b_tpcn"><a class="tilk" aria-label="International Business Times" href="https://www.ibtimes.com/what-memex-how-darpas-secret-search-engine-trawls-dark-web-sex-trafficking-1812958" h="ID=SERP,5348.1"><div class="tpic"><div class="wr_fav" data-priority="2"><div class="cico siteicon" style="width:32px;height:32px;"><div class="rms_iac" style="height:32px;width:32px;" data-height="32" data-width="32" data-alt="Global web icon" data-class="rms_img" data-src="//th.bing.com/th?id=ODLS.2dce1d4a-74ee-45c3-8fc2-f7b44470fe12&w=32&h=32&qlt=97&pcl=fffffa&o=6&pid=1.2"></div></div></div></div><div class="tptxt"><div class="tptt">International Business Times</div><div class="tpmeta"><div class="b_attribution" u="7|5083|4544608455187160|32sJ4RsC2L0SplYlj7-EtQAFbnebpkMZ" tabindex="0"><cite>https://<strong>www.ibtimes.com</strong>/what-<strong>memex</strong>-how-<strong>darpas-secret-search</strong> …</cite><span class="c_tlbxTrg"><span class="c_tlbxH" H="BASE:CACHEDPAGEDEFAULT" K="SERP,5349.1"></span></span></div></div></div></a></div><h2><a href="https://www.ibtimes.com/what-memex-how-darpas-secret-search-engine-trawls-dark-web-sex-trafficking-1812958" h="ID=SERP,5348.2">What Is Memex? How DARPA's Secret Search Engine Trawls The …</a></h2><div class="b_caption" role="contentinfo"><p class="b_lineclamp2"><span class="news_dt">Feb 11, 2015</span> · Memex (the name is a reference to engineer Vannevar Bush's 1945 "As We May Think" essay, which predicted the Internet) is totally subverting the traditional search process …</p></div><div rpPositionName="rpPositionName"><div class="batg"><a class="batgil" href="https://www.ibtimes.com/what-memex-how-darpas-secret-search-engine-trawls-dark-web-sex-trafficking-1812958" h="ID=SERP,5348.3"><div class="tltg ">Tags:</div><div class="tltg ">Darpa Memex</div><div class="tltg ">Vannevar Bush</div><div class="tltg ">Memex Search Engine</div></a></div><div class="bats"></div></div></li><li class="b_algo" data-id iid><div class="b_tpcn"><a class="tilk" aria-label="Forbes" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/thomasbrewster/2015/04/10/darpa-memex-search-going-open-source-check-it-out/" h="ID=SERP,5376.1"><div class="tpic"><div class="wr_fav" data-priority="2"><div class="cico siteicon" style="width:32px;height:32px;"><div class="rms_iac" style="height:32px;width:32px;" data-height="32" data-width="32" data-alt="Global web icon" data-class="rms_img" data-src="//th.bing.com/th?id=ODLS.78157401-198f-4ceb-88f3-08ecac8426aa&w=32&h=32&qlt=98&pcl=fffffa&o=6&pid=1.2"></div></div></div></div><div class="tptxt"><div class="tptt">Forbes</div><div class="tpmeta"><div class="b_attribution" u="8|5084|4877532849845338|JSt6sgY5gRCqC43cHorkKAlKAf-ZnJTm" tabindex="0"><cite>https://<strong>www.forbes.com</strong>/sites/thomasbrewster/2015/04/10/<strong>darpa</strong>-<strong>m</strong>…</cite><span class="c_tlbxTrg"><span class="c_tlbxH" H="BASE:CACHEDPAGEDEFAULT" K="SERP,5377.1"></span></span></div></div></div></a></div><h2><a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/thomasbrewster/2015/04/10/darpa-memex-search-going-open-source-check-it-out/" h="ID=SERP,5376.2">Memex In Action: Watch DARPA Artificial Intelligence Search</a></h2><div class="b_caption" role="contentinfo"><p class="b_lineclamp2"><span class="news_dt">Apr 10, 2015</span> · FORBES gets an exclusive look at SourcePin, a search technology powered by Artificial Intelligence that forms part of Memex, DARPA's project to shine a light on the darker …</p></div><div rpPositionName="rpPositionName"><div class="batg"><a class="batgil" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/thomasbrewster/2015/04/10/darpa-memex-search-going-open-source-check-it-out/" h="ID=SERP,5376.3"><div class="tltg ">Tags:</div><div class="tltg ">Darpa Memex</div><div class="tltg ">Artificial Intelligence</div><div class="tltg ">Memex Sop</div><div class="tltg ">Thomas Brewster</div></a></div><div class="bats"></div></div></li><li class="b_algo" data-id iid><div class="b_tpcn"><a class="tilk" aria-label="Computerworld" href="https://www.computerworld.com/article/1638107/how-darpas-memex-search-engine-could-help-your-business.html" h="ID=SERP,5400.1"><div class="tpic"><div class="wr_fav" data-priority="2"><div class="cico siteicon" style="width:32px;height:32px;"><div class="rms_iac" style="height:32px;width:32px;" data-height="32" data-width="32" data-alt="Global web icon" data-class="rms_img" data-src="//th.bing.com/th?id=ODLS.7bee7e66-3c81-4902-8e47-c6f50459c697&w=32&h=32&qlt=99&pcl=fffffa&o=6&pid=1.2"></div></div></div></div><div class="tptxt"><div class="tptt">Computerworld</div><div class="tpmeta"><div class="b_attribution" u="9|5085|4504935828432639|MyKTYx4PWfkAm6PzUmzYSHGRtz-32mSh" tabindex="0"><cite>https://<strong>www.computerworld.com</strong>/article/1638107/how-<strong>darpas</strong>-<strong>me</strong>…</cite><span class="c_tlbxTrg"><span class="c_tlbxH" H="BASE:CACHEDPAGEDEFAULT" K="SERP,5401.1"></span></span></div></div></div></a></div><h2><a href="https://www.computerworld.com/article/1638107/how-darpas-memex-search-engine-could-help-your-business.html" h="ID=SERP,5400.2">How DARPA’s Memex search engine could help your business</a></h2><div class="b_caption" role="contentinfo"><p class="b_lineclamp2"><span class="news_dt">Feb 12, 2015</span> · The Memex program—a three-year research initiative to develop software for domain-specific indexing of open, public Web content and domain-specific search …</p></div></li><li class="b_ans" data-tag data-partnerTag data-id h="SERP,6439.1" ><div id="inline_rs" data-priority="2" class="b_hide"><div class="rslist_head"><span class="rslist_title b_strong">People also search for</span><a role="button" aria-label="Close" id="rscar_close" /></div><div id="rs_root"><div class="b_rich"><div class="b_vlist2col b_clearfix"><ul><li><a href="/search?q=memex+dark+web&FORM=QSRE1" h="ID=SERP,6440.1">memex <strong>dark web</strong></a></li><li><a title="developments in darknet anonymity technology" href="/search?q=developments+in+darknet+anonymity+technology&FORM=QSRE3" h="ID=SERP,6444.1"><strong>developments in darknet anonymity</strong> …</a></li><li><a href="/search?q=deep+web+criminal+activities&FORM=QSRE5" h="ID=SERP,6448.1"><strong>deep web criminal activities</strong></a></li></ul><ul><li><a href="/search?q=ia+dark+web&FORM=QSRE2" h="ID=SERP,6442.1"><strong>ia dark web</strong></a></li><li><a href="/search?q=traffic+jam+law+enforcement&FORM=QSRE4" h="ID=SERP,6446.1"><strong>traffic jam law enforcement</strong></a></li><li><a href="/search?q=ai+for+dark+web&FORM=QSRE6" h="ID=SERP,6450.1"><strong>ai for dark web</strong></a></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="b_rs" id="brsv3"><h2 class="">Related searches for <strong>darpa's memex program wikipedia</strong></h2><ul class="b_vList b_divsec"><li data-priority=><a href="/search?q=memex+dark+web&FORM=QSRE1" h="ID=SERP,6440.2"><div class="b_suggestionIcon "><svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><rect width="20" height="20" fill="transparent" /><path class="gray70_fill" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M7.6 2C4.50777 2 2 4.50777 2 7.6C2 10.6922 4.50777 13.2 7.6 13.2C8.85766 13.2 10.0186 12.7852 10.9535 12.0849L16.6343 17.7657C16.9467 18.0781 17.4533 18.0781 17.7657 17.7657C18.0781 17.4533 18.0781 16.9467 17.7657 16.6343L12.0849 10.9535C12.7852 10.0186 13.2 8.85766 13.2 7.6C13.2 4.50777 10.6922 2 7.6 2ZM7.59999 3.6C9.80857 3.6 11.6 5.39143 11.6 7.6C11.6 9.80857 9.80857 11.6 7.59999 11.6C5.39142 11.6 3.59999 9.80857 3.59999 7.6C3.59999 5.39143 5.39142 3.6 7.59999 3.6Z" /></svg></div><div class="b_suggestionText">memex <strong>dark web</strong></div></a></li><li data-priority=><a href="/search?q=ia+dark+web&FORM=QSRE2" h="ID=SERP,6442.2"><div class="b_suggestionIcon "><svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><rect width="20" height="20" fill="transparent" /><path class="gray70_fill" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M7.6 2C4.50777 2 2 4.50777 2 7.6C2 10.6922 4.50777 13.2 7.6 13.2C8.85766 13.2 10.0186 12.7852 10.9535 12.0849L16.6343 17.7657C16.9467 18.0781 17.4533 18.0781 17.7657 17.7657C18.0781 17.4533 18.0781 16.9467 17.7657 16.6343L12.0849 10.9535C12.7852 10.0186 13.2 8.85766 13.2 7.6C13.2 4.50777 10.6922 2 7.6 2ZM7.59999 3.6C9.80857 3.6 11.6 5.39143 11.6 7.6C11.6 9.80857 9.80857 11.6 7.59999 11.6C5.39142 11.6 3.59999 9.80857 3.59999 7.6C3.59999 5.39143 5.39142 3.6 7.59999 3.6Z" /></svg></div><div class="b_suggestionText"><strong>ia dark web</strong></div></a></li><li data-priority=><a href="/search?q=developments+in+darknet+anonymity+technology&FORM=QSRE3" h="ID=SERP,6444.2"><div class="b_suggestionIcon "><svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><rect width="20" height="20" fill="transparent" /><path class="gray70_fill" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M7.6 2C4.50777 2 2 4.50777 2 7.6C2 10.6922 4.50777 13.2 7.6 13.2C8.85766 13.2 10.0186 12.7852 10.9535 12.0849L16.6343 17.7657C16.9467 18.0781 17.4533 18.0781 17.7657 17.7657C18.0781 17.4533 18.0781 16.9467 17.7657 16.6343L12.0849 10.9535C12.7852 10.0186 13.2 8.85766 13.2 7.6C13.2 4.50777 10.6922 2 7.6 2ZM7.59999 3.6C9.80857 3.6 11.6 5.39143 11.6 7.6C11.6 9.80857 9.80857 11.6 7.59999 11.6C5.39142 11.6 3.59999 9.80857 3.59999 7.6C3.59999 5.39143 5.39142 3.6 7.59999 3.6Z" /></svg></div><div class="b_suggestionText"><strong>developments in darknet anonymity technology</strong></div></a></li><li data-priority=><a href="/search?q=traffic+jam+law+enforcement&FORM=QSRE4" h="ID=SERP,6446.2"><div class="b_suggestionIcon "><svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><rect width="20" height="20" fill="transparent" /><path class="gray70_fill" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M7.6 2C4.50777 2 2 4.50777 2 7.6C2 10.6922 4.50777 13.2 7.6 13.2C8.85766 13.2 10.0186 12.7852 10.9535 12.0849L16.6343 17.7657C16.9467 18.0781 17.4533 18.0781 17.7657 17.7657C18.0781 17.4533 18.0781 16.9467 17.7657 16.6343L12.0849 10.9535C12.7852 10.0186 13.2 8.85766 13.2 7.6C13.2 4.50777 10.6922 2 7.6 2ZM7.59999 3.6C9.80857 3.6 11.6 5.39143 11.6 7.6C11.6 9.80857 9.80857 11.6 7.59999 11.6C5.39142 11.6 3.59999 9.80857 3.59999 7.6C3.59999 5.39143 5.39142 3.6 7.59999 3.6Z" /></svg></div><div class="b_suggestionText"><strong>traffic jam law enforcement</strong></div></a></li><li data-priority=><a href="/search?q=deep+web+criminal+activities&FORM=QSRE5" h="ID=SERP,6448.2"><div class="b_suggestionIcon "><svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><rect width="20" height="20" fill="transparent" /><path class="gray70_fill" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M7.6 2C4.50777 2 2 4.50777 2 7.6C2 10.6922 4.50777 13.2 7.6 13.2C8.85766 13.2 10.0186 12.7852 10.9535 12.0849L16.6343 17.7657C16.9467 18.0781 17.4533 18.0781 17.7657 17.7657C18.0781 17.4533 18.0781 16.9467 17.7657 16.6343L12.0849 10.9535C12.7852 10.0186 13.2 8.85766 13.2 7.6C13.2 4.50777 10.6922 2 7.6 2ZM7.59999 3.6C9.80857 3.6 11.6 5.39143 11.6 7.6C11.6 9.80857 9.80857 11.6 7.59999 11.6C5.39142 11.6 3.59999 9.80857 3.59999 7.6C3.59999 5.39143 5.39142 3.6 7.59999 3.6Z" /></svg></div><div class="b_suggestionText"><strong>deep web criminal activities</strong></div></a></li><li data-priority=><a href="/search?q=ai+for+dark+web&FORM=QSRE6" h="ID=SERP,6450.2"><div class="b_suggestionIcon "><svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><rect width="20" height="20" fill="transparent" /><path class="gray70_fill" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M7.6 2C4.50777 2 2 4.50777 2 7.6C2 10.6922 4.50777 13.2 7.6 13.2C8.85766 13.2 10.0186 12.7852 10.9535 12.0849L16.6343 17.7657C16.9467 18.0781 17.4533 18.0781 17.7657 17.7657C18.0781 17.4533 18.0781 16.9467 17.7657 16.6343L12.0849 10.9535C12.7852 10.0186 13.2 8.85766 13.2 7.6C13.2 4.50777 10.6922 2 7.6 2ZM7.59999 3.6C9.80857 3.6 11.6 5.39143 11.6 7.6C11.6 9.80857 9.80857 11.6 7.59999 11.6C5.39142 11.6 3.59999 9.80857 3.59999 7.6C3.59999 5.39143 5.39142 3.6 7.59999 3.6Z" /></svg></div><div class="b_suggestionText"><strong>ai for dark web</strong></div></a></li><li data-priority=><a href="/search?q=darpa+memex&FORM=QSRE7" h="ID=SERP,6452.1"><div class="b_suggestionIcon "><svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><rect width="20" height="20" fill="transparent" /><path class="gray70_fill" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M7.6 2C4.50777 2 2 4.50777 2 7.6C2 10.6922 4.50777 13.2 7.6 13.2C8.85766 13.2 10.0186 12.7852 10.9535 12.0849L16.6343 17.7657C16.9467 18.0781 17.4533 18.0781 17.7657 17.7657C18.0781 17.4533 18.0781 16.9467 17.7657 16.6343L12.0849 10.9535C12.7852 10.0186 13.2 8.85766 13.2 7.6C13.2 4.50777 10.6922 2 7.6 2ZM7.59999 3.6C9.80857 3.6 11.6 5.39143 11.6 7.6C11.6 9.80857 9.80857 11.6 7.59999 11.6C5.39142 11.6 3.59999 9.80857 3.59999 7.6C3.59999 5.39143 5.39142 3.6 7.59999 3.6Z" /></svg></div><div class="b_suggestionText">darpa memex</div></a></li><li data-priority=><a href="/search?q=memex+wiki&FORM=QSRE8" h="ID=SERP,6454.1"><div class="b_suggestionIcon "><svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><rect width="20" height="20" fill="transparent" /><path class="gray70_fill" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M7.6 2C4.50777 2 2 4.50777 2 7.6C2 10.6922 4.50777 13.2 7.6 13.2C8.85766 13.2 10.0186 12.7852 10.9535 12.0849L16.6343 17.7657C16.9467 18.0781 17.4533 18.0781 17.7657 17.7657C18.0781 17.4533 18.0781 16.9467 17.7657 16.6343L12.0849 10.9535C12.7852 10.0186 13.2 8.85766 13.2 7.6C13.2 4.50777 10.6922 2 7.6 2ZM7.59999 3.6C9.80857 3.6 11.6 5.39143 11.6 7.6C11.6 9.80857 9.80857 11.6 7.59999 11.6C5.39142 11.6 3.59999 9.80857 3.59999 7.6C3.59999 5.39143 5.39142 3.6 7.59999 3.6Z" /></svg></div><div class="b_suggestionText">memex <strong>wiki</strong></div></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="b_pag"><div role="navigation" aria-label="More results for DARPAs Memex program wikipedia"><h4 class="b_hide">Pagination</h4><ul class="sb_pagF"><li><a class="sb_inactP sb_pagP sb_pagP_bp b_widePag sb_bp b_roths"></a></li><li><a aria-label="Page 1" class="sb_pagS sb_pagS_bp b_widePag sb_bp sb_pag_first">1</a></li><li><a class="b_widePag sb_bp" aria-label="Page 2" href="/search?q=DARPAs+Memex+program+wikipedia&FPIG=E565BC450D87434581516B6B7CF68ADB&first=11&FORM=PERE" h="ID=SERP,6504.1">2</a></li><li><a class="b_widePag sb_bp" aria-label="Page 3" href="/search?q=DARPAs+Memex+program+wikipedia&FPIG=E565BC450D87434581516B6B7CF68ADB&first=21&FORM=PERE1" h="ID=SERP,6505.1">3</a></li><li><a class="b_widePag sb_bp" aria-label="Page 4" href="/search?q=DARPAs+Memex+program+wikipedia&FPIG=E565BC450D87434581516B6B7CF68ADB&first=31&FORM=PERE2" h="ID=SERP,6506.1">4</a></li><li><a class="b_widePag sb_bp" aria-label="Page 5" href="/search?q=DARPAs+Memex+program+wikipedia&FPIG=E565BC450D87434581516B6B7CF68ADB&first=41&FORM=PERE3" h="ID=SERP,6507.1">5</a></li><li><a class="sb_pagN sb_pagN_bp b_widePag sb_bp " aria-label="Next page" title="Next page" href="/search?q=DARPAs+Memex+program+wikipedia&FPIG=E565BC450D87434581516B6B7CF68ADB&first=11&FORM=PORE" h="ID=SERP,6508.1"><div class="sw_next">Next</div></a></li></ul></div></li></ol></span><span role="complementary" aria-label="Additional Results"><ol id="b_context"><li class="b_ans" data-tag data-partnerTag data-id h="SERP,6485.1" ><div data-tag="RichRSRailOuterWrapper" class="richrswrapper"><div data-tag="RichRSRailSuggestions" data-priority="2"><div data-priority="2"><div class="richrsrailtitle" data-priority="2"><h2 class="">Related searches for <strong>darpa's memex program wikipedia</strong></h2></div><div><div class="richrsrailexpansion"><ul class="b_vList b_divsec"></ul></div><div class="richrsrailsugwrapper"><div class="richrsrailsuggestion"><a data-partnerTag="RelatedSearchesRail.Suggestion" href="/search?q=memex+dark+web&FORM=R5FD" h="ID=SERP,6486.1"><div class="richrsrailsuggestion_img "><svg width="18" height="19" viewBox="0 0 18 19" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M6.3 0.355347C2.82124 0.355347 0 3.17659 0 6.65535C0 10.1341 2.82124 12.9553 6.3 12.9553C7.71486 12.9553 9.02096 12.4887 10.0727 11.7009L16.4636 18.0917C16.8151 18.4432 17.3849 18.4432 17.7364 18.0917C18.0879 17.7403 18.0879 17.1704 17.7364 16.819L11.3455 10.4281C12.1333 9.37631 12.6 8.07021 12.6 6.65535C12.6 3.17659 9.77876 0.355347 6.3 0.355347ZM6.29999 2.15535C8.78464 2.15535 10.8 4.1707 10.8 6.65535C10.8 9.13999 8.78464 11.1553 6.29999 11.1553C3.81535 11.1553 1.79999 9.13999 1.79999 6.65535C1.79999 4.1707 3.81535 2.15535 6.29999 2.15535Z" fill="#767676" /></svg></div><div class="richrsrailsuggestion_text">memex <strong>dark web</strong></div></a></div><div class="richrsrailsuggestion"><a data-partnerTag="RelatedSearchesRail.Suggestion" href="/search?q=ia+dark+web&FORM=R5FD1" h="ID=SERP,6488.1"><div class="richrsrailsuggestion_img "><svg width="18" height="19" viewBox="0 0 18 19" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M6.3 0.355347C2.82124 0.355347 0 3.17659 0 6.65535C0 10.1341 2.82124 12.9553 6.3 12.9553C7.71486 12.9553 9.02096 12.4887 10.0727 11.7009L16.4636 18.0917C16.8151 18.4432 17.3849 18.4432 17.7364 18.0917C18.0879 17.7403 18.0879 17.1704 17.7364 16.819L11.3455 10.4281C12.1333 9.37631 12.6 8.07021 12.6 6.65535C12.6 3.17659 9.77876 0.355347 6.3 0.355347ZM6.29999 2.15535C8.78464 2.15535 10.8 4.1707 10.8 6.65535C10.8 9.13999 8.78464 11.1553 6.29999 11.1553C3.81535 11.1553 1.79999 9.13999 1.79999 6.65535C1.79999 4.1707 3.81535 2.15535 6.29999 2.15535Z" fill="#767676" /></svg></div><div class="richrsrailsuggestion_text"><strong>ia dark web</strong></div></a></div><div class="richrsrailsuggestion"><a data-partnerTag="RelatedSearchesRail.Suggestion" href="/search?q=developments+in+darknet+anonymity+technology&FORM=R5FD2" h="ID=SERP,6490.1"><div class="richrsrailsuggestion_img "><svg width="18" height="19" viewBox="0 0 18 19" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M6.3 0.355347C2.82124 0.355347 0 3.17659 0 6.65535C0 10.1341 2.82124 12.9553 6.3 12.9553C7.71486 12.9553 9.02096 12.4887 10.0727 11.7009L16.4636 18.0917C16.8151 18.4432 17.3849 18.4432 17.7364 18.0917C18.0879 17.7403 18.0879 17.1704 17.7364 16.819L11.3455 10.4281C12.1333 9.37631 12.6 8.07021 12.6 6.65535C12.6 3.17659 9.77876 0.355347 6.3 0.355347ZM6.29999 2.15535C8.78464 2.15535 10.8 4.1707 10.8 6.65535C10.8 9.13999 8.78464 11.1553 6.29999 11.1553C3.81535 11.1553 1.79999 9.13999 1.79999 6.65535C1.79999 4.1707 3.81535 2.15535 6.29999 2.15535Z" fill="#767676" /></svg></div><div class="richrsrailsuggestion_text"><strong>developments in darknet anonymity technology</strong></div></a></div><div class="richrsrailsuggestion"><a data-partnerTag="RelatedSearchesRail.Suggestion" href="/search?q=traffic+jam+law+enforcement&FORM=R5FD3" h="ID=SERP,6492.1"><div class="richrsrailsuggestion_img "><svg width="18" height="19" viewBox="0 0 18 19" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M6.3 0.355347C2.82124 0.355347 0 3.17659 0 6.65535C0 10.1341 2.82124 12.9553 6.3 12.9553C7.71486 12.9553 9.02096 12.4887 10.0727 11.7009L16.4636 18.0917C16.8151 18.4432 17.3849 18.4432 17.7364 18.0917C18.0879 17.7403 18.0879 17.1704 17.7364 16.819L11.3455 10.4281C12.1333 9.37631 12.6 8.07021 12.6 6.65535C12.6 3.17659 9.77876 0.355347 6.3 0.355347ZM6.29999 2.15535C8.78464 2.15535 10.8 4.1707 10.8 6.65535C10.8 9.13999 8.78464 11.1553 6.29999 11.1553C3.81535 11.1553 1.79999 9.13999 1.79999 6.65535C1.79999 4.1707 3.81535 2.15535 6.29999 2.15535Z" fill="#767676" /></svg></div><div class="richrsrailsuggestion_text"><strong>traffic jam law enforcement</strong></div></a></div><div class="richrsrailsuggestion"><a data-partnerTag="RelatedSearchesRail.Suggestion" href="/search?q=deep+web+criminal+activities&FORM=R5FD4" h="ID=SERP,6494.1"><div class="richrsrailsuggestion_img "><svg width="18" height="19" viewBox="0 0 18 19" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M6.3 0.355347C2.82124 0.355347 0 3.17659 0 6.65535C0 10.1341 2.82124 12.9553 6.3 12.9553C7.71486 12.9553 9.02096 12.4887 10.0727 11.7009L16.4636 18.0917C16.8151 18.4432 17.3849 18.4432 17.7364 18.0917C18.0879 17.7403 18.0879 17.1704 17.7364 16.819L11.3455 10.4281C12.1333 9.37631 12.6 8.07021 12.6 6.65535C12.6 3.17659 9.77876 0.355347 6.3 0.355347ZM6.29999 2.15535C8.78464 2.15535 10.8 4.1707 10.8 6.65535C10.8 9.13999 8.78464 11.1553 6.29999 11.1553C3.81535 11.1553 1.79999 9.13999 1.79999 6.65535C1.79999 4.1707 3.81535 2.15535 6.29999 2.15535Z" fill="#767676" /></svg></div><div class="richrsrailsuggestion_text"><strong>deep web criminal activities</strong></div></a></div><div class="richrsrailsuggestion"><a data-partnerTag="RelatedSearchesRail.Suggestion" href="/search?q=ai+for+dark+web&FORM=R5FD5" h="ID=SERP,6496.1"><div class="richrsrailsuggestion_img "><svg width="18" height="19" viewBox="0 0 18 19" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M6.3 0.355347C2.82124 0.355347 0 3.17659 0 6.65535C0 10.1341 2.82124 12.9553 6.3 12.9553C7.71486 12.9553 9.02096 12.4887 10.0727 11.7009L16.4636 18.0917C16.8151 18.4432 17.3849 18.4432 17.7364 18.0917C18.0879 17.7403 18.0879 17.1704 17.7364 16.819L11.3455 10.4281C12.1333 9.37631 12.6 8.07021 12.6 6.65535C12.6 3.17659 9.77876 0.355347 6.3 0.355347ZM6.29999 2.15535C8.78464 2.15535 10.8 4.1707 10.8 6.65535C10.8 9.13999 8.78464 11.1553 6.29999 11.1553C3.81535 11.1553 1.79999 9.13999 1.79999 6.65535C1.79999 4.1707 3.81535 2.15535 6.29999 2.15535Z" fill="#767676" /></svg></div><div class="richrsrailsuggestion_text"><strong>ai for dark web</strong></div></a></div><div class="richrsrailsuggestion"><a data-partnerTag="RelatedSearchesRail.Suggestion" href="/search?q=darpa+memex&FORM=R5FD6" h="ID=SERP,6498.1"><div class="richrsrailsuggestion_img "><svg width="18" height="19" viewBox="0 0 18 19" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M6.3 0.355347C2.82124 0.355347 0 3.17659 0 6.65535C0 10.1341 2.82124 12.9553 6.3 12.9553C7.71486 12.9553 9.02096 12.4887 10.0727 11.7009L16.4636 18.0917C16.8151 18.4432 17.3849 18.4432 17.7364 18.0917C18.0879 17.7403 18.0879 17.1704 17.7364 16.819L11.3455 10.4281C12.1333 9.37631 12.6 8.07021 12.6 6.65535C12.6 3.17659 9.77876 0.355347 6.3 0.355347ZM6.29999 2.15535C8.78464 2.15535 10.8 4.1707 10.8 6.65535C10.8 9.13999 8.78464 11.1553 6.29999 11.1553C3.81535 11.1553 1.79999 9.13999 1.79999 6.65535C1.79999 4.1707 3.81535 2.15535 6.29999 2.15535Z" fill="#767676" /></svg></div><div class="richrsrailsuggestion_text">darpa memex</div></a></div><div class="richrsrailsuggestion"><a data-partnerTag="RelatedSearchesRail.Suggestion" href="/search?q=memex+wiki&FORM=R5FD7" h="ID=SERP,6500.1"><div class="richrsrailsuggestion_img "><svg width="18" height="19" viewBox="0 0 18 19" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M6.3 0.355347C2.82124 0.355347 0 3.17659 0 6.65535C0 10.1341 2.82124 12.9553 6.3 12.9553C7.71486 12.9553 9.02096 12.4887 10.0727 11.7009L16.4636 18.0917C16.8151 18.4432 17.3849 18.4432 17.7364 18.0917C18.0879 17.7403 18.0879 17.1704 17.7364 16.819L11.3455 10.4281C12.1333 9.37631 12.6 8.07021 12.6 6.65535C12.6 3.17659 9.77876 0.355347 6.3 0.355347ZM6.29999 2.15535C8.78464 2.15535 10.8 4.1707 10.8 6.65535C10.8 9.13999 8.78464 11.1553 6.29999 11.1553C3.81535 11.1553 1.79999 9.13999 1.79999 6.65535C1.79999 4.1707 3.81535 2.15535 6.29999 2.15535Z" fill="#767676" /></svg></div><div class="richrsrailsuggestion_text">memex <strong>wiki</strong></div></a></div></div></div></div></div></div></li></ol></span><span role="complementary" aria-label="Explore More"><ol id="b_dynRail"></ol></span><style type="text/css">.srscardcar_tHdr{display:inline-block;max-width:70%;padding-bottom:12px}.srscardcar_tHdr h2{color:#111;overflow:hidden;-moz-text-overflow:ellipsis;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%}.srscardcar_secondary_tHdr{display:inline-block;max-width:70%;padding-bottom:9px}.srscardcar_secondary_tHdr h2{color:#111;overflow:hidden;-moz-text-overflow:ellipsis;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap;max-width:100%;font-size:16px;line-height:22px}.srscardcar_hls{width:100%;height:0;border-bottom:3px solid #c80000;position:absolute;bottom:0}.srscardcar_pcsl:hover{text-decoration:none}.srscardcar_pcsl .seemorelink{position:absolute;top:96px;left:12px;opacity:.7;background-color:#111;padding:4px}.srscardcar_pcsl .seemorelink p{color:#fff !important;font-weight:400;font-size:13px}.srscardcar_pcsl .seemorelink:hover{text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#fff}.srscardcar_mop{padding-bottom:10px}.srscardcar_carWrp .slide{border-radius:6px}.srscardcar_pole .slide{height:185px}.srscardcar_mop .slide{height:180px}.srscardcar_pdtari{height:76px}.srscardcar_pdtari_desktop{margin-top:-76px;position:relative}.srscardcar_pdtari_mobile{margin-top:-4px}.srscardcar_polesug{font-weight:bold}.srscardcar_pttl{padding:7px 8px 13px;background:linear-gradient(180deg,rgba(17,17,17,.6) 0%,#111 100%)}.srscardcar_fbg_fullbleed{height:24px;background:linear-gradient(180deg,rgba(17,17,17,0) 0%,rgba(17,17,17,.6) 100%)}.srscardcar_fbtext{color:#fff;line-height:16px;height:52px;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;max-height:32px;font-weight:700;display:flex;align-items:flex-end}.richrswrapper{padding:10px 20px 5px 20px;margin:-10px -20px 24px -20px;width:100%}.richrsrailtitle{padding:5px 19px;margin:0 -20px}.richrsrailtitle h2{font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-size:20px;line-height:24px;color:#444}.richrsrailexpansion ul li,.richrsrailsugwrapper>div{border-bottom:1px solid #ddd}.richrswrapper .richrsrailsugwrapper>div{border-bottom:none}.richrsrailexpansion ul li{padding:10px 0}.richrsrailexpansion .b_module_expansion_control.b_module_head{padding-bottom:0}.richrsrailsugwrapper>div:last-child{border-bottom:0}.richrsrailexpansion .b_expansion_text.b_1linetrunc{font-style:normal;font-size:16px;color:#111}.richrsrailexpansion .b_collapse.b_onpage_expansion{font-weight:bold}.richrsrailexw{margin-bottom:8px;color:#444}.richrsrailexw .rwrl.rwrl_small.rwrl_padref{padding-bottom:10px !important}.richrsrailexcarousel{margin-bottom:10px;margin-right:1px}.richrsrailexcarousel .btn.prev.ltr.rounded.bld{left:7px}.richrsrailexcarousel .btn.next.ltr.rounded.bld{right:7px}#b_content #b_context .richrsrail_requerydiv{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;padding-bottom:2px}#b_content #b_context .richrsrail_requerydiv a{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;padding:6px 16px;gap:8px;border:1px solid #ddd;box-sizing:border-box;border-radius:32px;color:#444}#b_content #b_context .richrsrail_requerydiv a:hover{color:#111}.richrsrail_requerydivele{font-size:14px;line-height:20px}#b_content #b_context .richrswrapper .richrsrailsuggestion{margin-bottom:12px}#b_content #b_context .richrswrapper.genS .richrsrailsuggestion{margin-bottom:unset}#b_content #b_context .richrswrapper .richrsrailsuggestion a{border-radius:50px;background:#f1f3f4;padding:0 20px;min-height:48px}#b_content #b_context .richrswrapper.genS .richrsrailsuggestion a{min-height:unset}#b_content #b_context .richrsrailsuggestion a{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-size:16px;line-height:22px;color:#111}.richrsrailsuggestion_img{width:24px;height:24px;text-align:center;padding:2.5px 0;box-sizing:border-box}.richrsrailsuggestion_img.sug_sprite{display:block;width:20px;height:20px;background-clip:content-box;overflow:hidden;padding:2px;direction:ltr;flex:0 0 auto}.richrsrailsuggestion_img.sug_sprite:after{display:inline-block;-webkit-transform-origin:-151px 0;transform-origin:-151px 0;-ms-transform:scale(.5);-webkit-transform:scale(.5);transform:scale(.5)}.richrsrailsuggestion_text_ellipse{text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;white-space:nowrap}.richrsrailexw .rwrl_cred{font-size:16px}.richrsrailexw .df_tb{font-size:inherit;display:inline-block;overflow:auto}.richrswrapper .richrsrailexpansion .df_showLogo .domain_Logo_RichRS.b_hideFavIcon{width:0;margin:0;opacity:0}.richrswrapper .richrsrailexpansion .df_showLogo .domain_Logo_RichRS{height:24px;width:24px;margin:0 12px 0 0;transition:width .3s ease,margin .3s ease;opacity:1}.richrswrapper .richrsrailexpansion .df_showLogo .domain_Logo_RichRS .cico{max-width:calc(100%);border-radius:4px}.richrswrapper .richrsrailexpansion .df_showLogo .domain_Logo_RichRS .cico .title_paragraph_image{padding:6px 4px;background:#ececec;border-radius:4px;fill:#212121}.richrswrapper .richrsrailexpansion .df_showLogo{display:flex}.richrsrailexpansion .df_showLogo .b_module_expansion_control{flex:1;margin-left:-36px;overflow:hidden}.richrsrailexpansion .df_showLogo .b_expansion_text.b_1linetrunc{margin-left:36px;max-width:calc(100% - 70px)}.richrswrapper .richrsrailexpansion .df_showLogo .b_expandable_inline_container{margin-left:36px;transition:all .3s ease}.richrswrapper .richrsrailexpansion .df_showLogo .b_expandable_inline_container .richrsrailexw,.richrswrapper .richrsrailexpansion .df_showLogo .b_expandable_inline_container .richrsrailexcarousel{padding-top:12px}.richrswrapper .richrsrailexpansion .df_showLogo .b_expandable_inline_container.b_hide{margin-left:0}.richrswrapper .richrsrailexpansion .b_module_expansion .b_onpage_expansion{height:24px}#b_context .richrswrapper .richrsrailexpansion .b_module_expansion .b_onpage_expansion .b_expansion_chevron{top:5px}.richrsrailsuggestion_img svg path,.richrsrail_requerydiv svg path{fill:#767676}#b_context .richrswrapper .b_attribution cite{color:#006d21}#b_context .richrswrapper .b_module_expansion_control.b_module_head>.b_module_expansion .b_expansion_wrapper .b_expansion_chevron .sv_ch{fill:#767676}.richrswrapper .richrsrailsugwrapper.hover .richrsrailsuggestion a{opacity:.6}.richrswrapper .richrsrailsugwrapper.hover .richrsrailsuggestion a:hover{opacity:1}.richrsrailsuggestion_img.sug_sprite:after{content:url(/rp/_ofXcjy_m9xssb7yLtaOscIux0c.png)}</style></div><div id="b_footer" class="b_footer" role="contentinfo"><div id="b_footerItems"><span>© 2024 Microsoft</span><ul><li><a id="sb_privacy" href="http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=521839" h="ID=SERP,5066.1">Privacy and Cookies</a></li><li><a id="sb_legal" href="http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=246338" h="ID=SERP,5067.1">Legal</a></li><li><a id="sb_advertise" href="https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=868922" h="ID=SERP,5068.1">Advertise</a></li><li><a id="sb_help" target="_blank" href="https://support.microsoft.com/topic/82d20721-2d6f-4012-a13d-d1910ccf203f" h="ID=SERP,5069.1">Help</a></li><li></li></ul></div></div><link id="as-css-link" rel="prefetch" crossorigin="anonymous" fetchpriority="low" href="/rp/aDU_9CMQbZIshATJsa-vPazuozA.gz.css" type="text/css" as="style" /><div id="b_TriviaOverlay"></div><div class="sb_hbop"><div id="d5123" class="b_hide b_dropdown" role="menu" data-filterkey=""><div class="ftrD" id="ftrD_Date"><a class="b_toggle" role="menuitem" href="/search?q=DARPAs+Memex+program+wikipedia&FORM=000017&qpvt=DARPAs+Memex+program+wikipedia" h="ID=SERP,5423.1">All</a><a class="b_toggle " role="menuitem" target="" tabindex="-1" href="/search?q=DARPAs+Memex+program+wikipedia&filters=ex1%3a%22ez1%22&FORM=000017&qpvt=DARPAs+Memex+program+wikipedia" h="ID=SERP,5424.1">Past 24 hours</a><a class="b_toggle " role="menuitem" target="" tabindex="-1" href="/search?q=DARPAs+Memex+program+wikipedia&filters=ex1%3a%22ez2%22&FORM=000017&qpvt=DARPAs+Memex+program+wikipedia" h="ID=SERP,5425.1">Past week</a><a class="b_toggle " role="menuitem" target="" tabindex="-1" href="/search?q=DARPAs+Memex+program+wikipedia&filters=ex1%3a%22ez3%22&FORM=000017&qpvt=DARPAs+Memex+program+wikipedia" h="ID=SERP,5426.1">Past month</a><a class="b_toggle " role="menuitem" target="" tabindex="-1" href="/search?q=DARPAs+Memex+program+wikipedia&filters=ex1%3a%22ez5_19686_20051%22&FORM=000017" h="ID=SERP,5427.1">Past year</a><span id="drvph" data-url="/control/tfcalendar?q=DARPAs%20Memex%20program%20wikipedia&form=WIKIRE&IG=E565BC450D87434581516B6B7CF68ADB&StartDate=11%2f14%2f2024+20%3a26%3a39&EndDate=11%2f24%2f2024+20%3a26%3a39&IsApplied=False&DisplayText=Custom+range&DateOffset=0&FormCode=&ApplyLinkUrl=%2fsearch%3fq%3dDARPAs%2bMemex%2bprogram%2bwikipedia%26filters%3dex1%253a%2522ez5_0_0%2522%26FORM%3d000017%26qpvt%3dDARPAs%2bMemex%2bprogram%2bwikipedia&ApplyLinkText=ez5&IID=SERP.5123"></span></div></div><div id="PromptDetails" class="b_hide" data-lat="0" data-lon="0" data-dist="0" data-noRefresh="true" data-check="true"></div><div id="g_EfLoc" data-lat="1.3056119680404663" data-lon="103.8230209350586" data-disp="Singapore, Central Region" data-source="1"></div></div><script type="text/javascript" nonce="Pn+ap9vL/euPW5yI+2t/TPg1Y3WP866TNeGLXAMi4yY=">//<![CDATA[ var img_p = document.getElementById('id_p'); img_p && img_p.addEventListener('error', function() {FallBackToDefaultProfilePic(img_p) });;(function(){function i(){var t=_ge("b_header");t&&(t.className=t.classList.contains("b_2ndscope")?"b_focus b_2ndscope":"b_focus");n&&(typeof Log!="undefined"&&Log&&Log.Log&&Log.Log("SpSbInteract","AS","PerfInst",!1),n=!1)}var t=_ge("sb_form_q"),n=!0;sj_be(t,"focus",i)})(); //]]></script><script type="text/javascript" nonce="Pn+ap9vL/euPW5yI+2t/TPg1Y3WP866TNeGLXAMi4yY=">//<![CDATA[ (function(n,t){onload=function(){_G.BPT=new Date;n&&n();!_w.sb_ppCPL&&t&&sb_st(function(){t(new Date)},0)}})(_w.onload,_w.si_PP);sa_loader=function(){_w.rms.js({'rms:answers:AutoSuggest:AutoSug':'\/rp\/az2mMACShmJKfpZYITXiEyXyqr4.gz.js',d:1});};;_w.rms.js({'A:0':0},{'A:rms:answers:GlobalsScript:RefreshPageLongInactive':'\/rp\/5WG_kDsbFabhsuv_6NwDoh2LdnI.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:Shared:BingCore.Bundle':'\/rp\/jWonkWqZMUZFEOoAFQk37njC0rQ.gz.js'},{'A:1':1},{'A:rms:answers:VisualSystem:EnableStopLinkBehavior':'\/rp\/8rqwN7Xb28A6E1cuZBn327GVXX0.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:VisualSystem:WebScopeInteractions':'\/rp\/a7s5nizZY8lKJ6VMCdSRJA2buHw.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:VisualSystem:ScopeBarRankInst':'\/rp\/fHuyi8cU3N_FKljgNDAU8JiBqx0.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:Identity:BlueIdentityDropdownBootStrap':'\/rp\/yjXVFOxf6UdoTA2BOwEH6n4ClfI.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:Identity:BlueIdentityHeader':'\/rp\/ihC7RhTVhw2ULO_1rMUWydIu_rA.gz.js'},{'A:2':2},{'A:rms:answers:Identity:SnrWindowsLiveConnectBootstrap':'\/rp\/cJksCHwhB_Z32I0ytWPMUDsybak.gz.js'},{'A:3':3},{'A:rms:answers:Identity:ProfilePicturePostLoader':'\/rp\/fDgf7Oh5R8mPygWLQcaNRoJGj5Q.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:Rewards:RewardsHeaderSVG':'\/rp\/GK9SuRKiu0QbKYnVgoAlgmuWrNU.gz.js'},{'A:4':4},{'A:rms:answers:Rewards:RewardsNcHeaderBootstrap':'\/rp\/5g-N9K-X1ykUl3QHEadPjpOM0Tc.gz.js'},{'A:RewardsReportActivity':'https:\/\/r.bing.com\/rs\/6v\/x2\/nj\/nt6a1ZR520utsLoZmSYgwxdOPgI.js?or=w'},{'A:rms:answers:Rewards:RewardsCreditRefresh':'\/rp\/byLmVJQA1UzOFcrs9Jrvys4jXhM.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:Rewards:ModernReportActivity':'\/rp\/bgNvw2gj4n0x2fVy9WAk0RbfPQQ.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:Rewards:ReportActivityBootstrap':'\/rp\/SO02eTikN8ZV7bCSXFKur4CKSoQ.gz.js'},{'A:5':5},{'A:rms:answers:Web:UetTag':'\/rp\/w1gdrM6p5Kmzh4Gi9fKcTaefJ1s.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:Web:UpdateDefaults':'\/rp\/NRudXMsXYtnM1BQyD6xvAZoudZM.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:Web:KeyPressScroll':'\/rp\/UiCBzdqhH8tMlfayZdAijZAB5sE.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:Web:AlgoTitleColorOnMousedown':'\/rp\/f5M90q9eKVXkGU-DAv9Aa4jef2k.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:Web:CursorProgressOnClick_Rebind':'\/rp\/VLm4tyiMlywwyg4FgWjZITn5W48.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:Web:CursorProgressOnClick':'\/rp\/we5MTeTkjiic9oaBxzZpmSWxZ5k.gz.js'},{'A:6':6},{'A:rms:answers:SegmentFilters:DropDown':'\/rp\/Nksr5XkRIuoUdxQ2qS3yL9r8V8E.gz.js'},{'A:7':7},{'A:rms:answers:Web:DnsExperimentA':'\/rp\/3tdN5-aUjXHlyFDCP-W57B-Gjkg.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:WebResult:ExtendIconClickTargets':'\/rp\/DEjxwvkpxv2TrYEFLbNhRWrxeFg.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:WebResult:CaptionClickable':'\/rp\/e1HSyVFyJooWdBqZJqsmOfZmunU.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:WebResult:WebResultToolbox':'\/rp\/uk_UtgpS3Vx82_2KByeueWFHn_Q.gz.js'},{'A:ProgressiveImages':'https:\/\/r.bing.com\/rs\/6v\/sQ\/jnc,nj\/2RFgnacsz6nPw9vvxd8AGFyaQr8.js?or=w'},{'A:rms:answers:Shared:Swipe':'\/rp\/6v5u2U4fJjMh954CqHxOmGfCxRs.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:Shared:Orientation':'\/rp\/ALeVzHWphHzcRnC_3ugnhqYUEPM.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:Shared:TabControl':'\/rp\/D36Uq2tG-JZ1glXfeX3wj6pjnG0.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:Shared:ThumbsUpDownFeedback':'\/rp\/zZNw0WGU1nLGF0Ru6IYizdXTJBk.gz.js'},{'A:8':8},{'A:rms:answers:WebResult:CaptionImageOverlay':'\/rp\/Pl_IF8UExGFaxi8wb-4RyEKOonU.gz.js'},{'A:9':9},{'A:rms:answers:Multimedia:IFrameOverlayContainer_PostLoad':'\/rp\/nwjuy36-UFy0C0sLDCTnvdBAv64.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:Multimedia:ImageDetailIFrameOverlay_PostLoad':'\/rp\/Jhcu_55E4oZmA7XFf1oxcaAGFvM.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:Multimedia:InsightsOverlayContainer_PostLoad':'\/rp\/pt-9DJvVZPpXIPBXEPmdzcEVBQM.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:WebResult:AlgoInnovationAnchorUrlRedirect':'\/rp\/H9-akWCMWJPXfH85q1IOPeJgM1U.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:Shared:AjaxDataLoader':'\/rp\/9YFq4imrseEwIuXcDlV0BNdcqbc.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:Shared:Pager':'\/rp\/1Xov-RfHHhtkuDG5ykngQVY7k-A.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:Shared:Chevrons':'\/rp\/XsO_kXSrXEzfuUWANypwtIq2qwg.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:Shared:SlideExperience':'\/rp\/rEu7kMEDq3A9V5ChkVw2ymVy1qc.gz.js'},{'A:10':10},{'A:rms:answers:Shared:LGWidget':'\/rp\/gPRwRpxxDFQcNSvzgvvtc_AjzQg.gz.js'},{'A:rms:answers:QuerySuggestion:ClickBackRS':'\/rp\/dYz9PzlPqAXtY4bLRNOWwKeFfUU.gz.js'},{'A:11':11});; //]]></script><div id="aRmsDefer"><div style="display:none" "></div><div style="display:none" "></div><div style="display:none" "></div><div style="display:none" "></div><div style="display:none" "></div><div style="display:none" "></div><div style="display:none" "></div><div style="display:none" "></div><div style="display:none" "></div><div style="display:none" "></div><div style="display:none" "></div><div style="display:none" "></div></div><script type="text/javascript" nonce="Pn+ap9vL/euPW5yI+2t/TPg1Y3WP866TNeGLXAMi4yY=" >//<![CDATA[ _G.HT=new Date; //]]></script></body></html>