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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-World_War_I" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_I"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>World War I</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_I-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paramilitary_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paramilitary_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Paramilitary career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paramilitary_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Political career</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Political_career-sublist" 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id="toc-Role_in_the_Nazi_Party's_national_organisation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conflicts_with_Hitler" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conflicts_with_Hitler"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Conflicts with Hitler</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conflicts_with_Hitler-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Later life</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Later_life-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Later life subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Later_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Life_after_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Life_after_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Life after politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Life_after_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 37 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B1" title="جريجور شتراسر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جريجور شتراسر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%A9%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Грегор Щрасер – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Грегор Щрасер" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Strasser" title="Gregor Strasser – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Gregor Strasser" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Strasser" title="Gregor Strasser – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gregor Strasser" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Штрассер Грегор – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Штрассер Грегор" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Strasser" title="Gregor Strasser – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Gregor Strasser" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Strasser" title="Gregor Strasser – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Gregor Strasser" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Strasser" title="Gregor Strasser – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gregor Strasser" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Strasser" title="Gregor Strasser – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Gregor Strasser" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AD%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%81_%CE%A3%CF%84%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%B5%CF%81" title="Γκρέγκορ Στράσερ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γκρέγκορ Στράσερ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Strasser" title="Gregor Strasser – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gregor Strasser" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Strasser" title="Gregor Strasser – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Gregor Strasser" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Strasser" title="Gregor Strasser – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gregor Strasser" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B1" title="گرگور اشتراسر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گرگور اشتراسر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Strasser" title="Gregor Strasser – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gregor Strasser" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A0%88%EA%B3%A0%EC%96%B4_%EC%8A%88%ED%8A%B8%EB%9D%BC%EC%84%9C" title="그레고어 슈트라서 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="그레고어 슈트라서" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Strasser" title="Gregor Strasser – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gregor Strasser" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Strasser" title="Gregor Strasser – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gregor Strasser" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%A9%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%A8" title="גרגור שטראסר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גרגור שטראסר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="გრეგორ შტრასერი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გრეგორ შტრასერი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorius_Strasser" title="Gregorius Strasser – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Gregorius Strasser" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregors_%C5%A0trasers" title="Gregors Štrasers – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Gregors Štrasers" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B1" title="جريجور ستراسر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جريجور ستراسر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Strasser" title="Gregor Strasser – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gregor Strasser" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AC%E3%82%B4%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%83%88%E3%83%A9%E3%83%83%E3%82%B5%E3%83%BC" title="グレゴール・シュトラッサー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="グレゴール・シュトラッサー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Strasser" title="Gregor Strasser – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Gregor Strasser" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Strasser" title="Gregor Strasser – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Gregor Strasser" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Strasser" title="Gregor Strasser – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Gregor Strasser" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Strasser" title="Gregor Strasser – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gregor Strasser" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Strasser" title="Gregor Strasser – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Gregor Strasser" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Штрассер, Грегор – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Штрассер, Грегор" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Strasser" title="Gregor Strasser – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Gregor Strasser" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Strasser" title="Gregor Strasser – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gregor Strasser" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="เกรกอร์ ชตรัสเซอร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เกรกอร์ ชตรัสเซอร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Strasser" title="Gregor Strasser – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gregor Strasser" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%A8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Грегор Штрассер – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Грегор Штрассер" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E6%88%88%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%96%BD%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94" title="格雷戈尔·施特拉塞尔 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="格雷戈尔·施特拉塞尔" data-language-autonym="中文" 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">German politician (1892–1934)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Gregor Strasser</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_119-1721,_Gregor_Strasser_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Bundesarchiv_Bild_119-1721%2C_Gregor_Strasser_crop.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_119-1721%2C_Gregor_Strasser_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Bundesarchiv_Bild_119-1721%2C_Gregor_Strasser_crop.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_119-1721%2C_Gregor_Strasser_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Bundesarchiv_Bild_119-1721%2C_Gregor_Strasser_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="417" data-file-height="556" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Strasser <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1928</span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><i>Organisationsabteilung Leiter</i>, later<br /><i>Reichsorganisationsleiter</i> NSDAP</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />2 January 1928 – 8 December 1932</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">General Bruno Heinemann</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Robert_Ley" title="Robert Ley">Robert Ley</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><i>Reichspropagandaleiter</i> NSDAP</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />16 September 1926 – 2 January 1928</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Otto May</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Gauleiter" title="Gauleiter">Gauleiter</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Lower_Bavaria" title="Lower Bavaria">Lower Bavaria</a>;<br /><a href="/wiki/Lower_Bavaria" title="Lower Bavaria">Lower Bavaria</a>-<a href="/wiki/Upper_Palatinate" title="Upper Palatinate">Upper Palatinate</a>;<br /><a href="/wiki/Lower_Bavaria" title="Lower Bavaria">Lower Bavaria</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />26 February 1925 – 1 November 1929</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Position established</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Otto Erbersdobler (Lower Bavaria)<br /><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Wagner" title="Adolf Wagner">Adolf Wagner</a> (Upper Palatinate)</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Reichstag_(Weimar_Republic)" title="Reichstag (Weimar Republic)">Reichstag</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />7 December 1924 – March 1933</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Constituency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Upper_Bavaria" title="Upper Bavaria">Upper Bavaria</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Landtag_of_Bavaria" title="Landtag of Bavaria">Landtag of Bavaria</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />4 May 1924 – 7 December 1924</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Constituency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pfaffenhofen_(district)" title="Pfaffenhofen (district)">Pfaffenhofen</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1892-05-31</span>)</span>31 May 1892<br /><a href="/wiki/Geisenfeld" title="Geisenfeld">Geisenfeld</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bavaria" title="Kingdom of Bavaria">Bavaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">German Empire</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">30 June 1934<span style="display:none">(1934-06-30)</span> (aged 42)<br /><a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cause of death</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Execution_by_shooting" title="Execution by shooting">Execution by shooting</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/German_V%C3%B6lkisch_Freedom_Party" title="German Völkisch Freedom Party">Völkischer Block</a> (1922–1925)<br /><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Party" title="Nazi Party">Nazi Party</a> (1925–1932)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Profession</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pharmacist" title="Pharmacist">Pharmacist</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Military service</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">German Empire</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Weimar_Republic" title="Weimar Republic">Weimar Republic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Branch/service</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_Bavaria_%28striped%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bavaria_%28striped%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_Bavaria_%28striped%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bavaria_%28striped%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_Bavaria_%28striped%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bavaria_%28striped%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bavarian_Army" title="Bavarian Army">Bavarian Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1914–1919</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Oberleutnant" title="Oberleutnant">Oberleutnant</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Unit</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Freikorps" title="Freikorps">Freikorps</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Battles/wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a><br /><a href="/wiki/German_Revolution_of_1918%E2%80%9319" class="mw-redirect" title="German Revolution of 1918–19">German Revolution</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Iron_Cross" title="Iron Cross">Iron Cross</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Gregor Strasser</b> (also <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Straßer</i>, see <a href="/wiki/%C3%9F" title="ß">ß</a>; 31 May 1892 – 30 June 1934) was a German politician and early leader of the <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Party" title="Nazi Party">Nazi Party</a>. Along with his younger brother <a href="/wiki/Otto_Strasser" title="Otto Strasser">Otto</a>, he was a leading member of the party's left-wing faction, which brought them into conflict with the dominant faction led by <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a>, resulting in his murder in 1934. The brothers' strand of the <a href="/wiki/Nazi_ideology" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazi ideology">Nazi ideology</a> is known as <a href="/wiki/Strasserism" title="Strasserism">Strasserism</a>. </p><p>Born in <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a>, Strasser served in an <a href="/wiki/Imperial_German_Army" title="Imperial German Army">Imperial German Army</a> artillery regiment during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, rising to the rank of <a href="/wiki/First_lieutenant" title="First lieutenant">first lieutenant</a> and winning the <a href="/wiki/Iron_Cross" title="Iron Cross">Iron Cross</a> of both classes for bravery. After the war, he and his brother became members of <a href="/wiki/Franz_Ritter_von_Epp" title="Franz Ritter von Epp">Franz Ritter von Epp</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Freikorps" title="Freikorps">Freikorps</a></i>. He joined the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in 1920 and quickly became an influential and important figure in the fledgling party. In 1923, Strasser took part in the abortive <a href="/wiki/Beer_Hall_Putsch" title="Beer Hall Putsch">Beer Hall Putsch</a> in Munich and was imprisoned. After securing an early release following his election to the <i><a href="/wiki/Reichstag_(Weimar_Republic)" title="Reichstag (Weimar Republic)">Reichstag</a></i>, he joined a revived NSDAP in 1925 and once again established himself as a powerful and dominant member. A highly skilled organiser and effective public speaker, Strasser oversaw a major increase in the party's membership and reputation in <a href="/wiki/Northern_Germany" title="Northern Germany">northern Germany</a>, transforming the NSDAP from a marginal southern party to a nationwide political force. By mid-1932, Strasser was in charge of the party's national organizational work. </p><p>A strong advocate of the Nazi Party's radical wing, Strasser's anti-<a href="/wiki/Capitalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitalist">capitalist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_nationalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary nationalist">revolutionary nationalist</a> programme had led Hitler to repudiate him at the 1926 <a href="/wiki/Bamberg_Conference" title="Bamberg Conference">Bamberg Conference</a>. The two later reconciled but their peace was increasingly untenable from 1930 on. In December 1932, Chancellor <a href="/wiki/Kurt_von_Schleicher" title="Kurt von Schleicher">Kurt von Schleicher</a> offered Strasser the post of Vice-Chancellor, creating a potential split within the Nazi Party. In response, Hitler isolated Strasser in the party and forced him to resign from all party offices. Strasser then renounced his <i>Reichstag</i> seat and retired from active politics, returning to his old profession as a pharmacist. On 30 June 1934, in a purge that became known as the <a href="/wiki/Night_of_the_Long_Knives" title="Night of the Long Knives">Night of the Long Knives</a>, Strasser was arrested by the <a href="/wiki/Gestapo" title="Gestapo">Gestapo</a> and subsequently executed. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregor_Strasser&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gregor Strasser was born on 31 May 1892 into the family of a <a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a> judicial officer who lived in the <a href="/wiki/Upper_Bavaria" title="Upper Bavaria">Upper Bavarian</a> market town of <a href="/wiki/Geisenfeld" title="Geisenfeld">Geisenfeld</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans2004202_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans2004202-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWistrich2013246–247_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWistrich2013246–247-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He grew up alongside his younger brother <a href="/wiki/Otto_Strasser" title="Otto Strasser">Otto</a>, who was considered the more intellectual of the two.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERead2005117_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERead2005117-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He attended the local <a href="/wiki/Gymnasium_(school)" title="Gymnasium (school)">Gymnasium</a> and after his final examinations, served an apprenticeship as a <a href="/wiki/Pharmacy" title="Pharmacy">pharmacist</a> in the Lower Bavarian village of Frontenhausen from 1910 until 1914.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWistrich2013246–247_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWistrich2013246–247-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_I">World War I</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregor_Strasser&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: World War I"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When war broke out in Europe in 1914, Strasser suspended his studies at <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich" title="Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich">Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich</a> to enlist as a volunteer in the <a href="/wiki/German_Imperial_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="German Imperial Army">German Imperial Army</a>. He served in the 1st Bavarian Field Artillery Regiment, rising to the rank of <a href="/wiki/Oberleutnant" title="Oberleutnant">Oberleutnant</a> and winning the <a href="/wiki/Iron_Cross" title="Iron Cross">Iron Cross</a> of both classes for bravery.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWistrich2013246–247_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWistrich2013246–247-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHamilton1984347_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHamilton1984347-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1918, he resumed his studies at <a href="/wiki/Friedrich-Alexander-University,_Erlangen-Nuremberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Friedrich-Alexander-University, Erlangen-Nuremberg">Friedrich-Alexander-University, Erlangen-Nuremberg</a>. He passed his state examination in 1919 and in 1920, he started work as a pharmacist in <a href="/wiki/Landshut" title="Landshut">Landshut</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans2004202_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans2004202-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Paramilitary_career">Paramilitary career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregor_Strasser&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Paramilitary career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1919, Strasser and his brother joined the right-wing <i><a href="/wiki/Freikorps" title="Freikorps">Freikorps</a></i> led by <a href="/wiki/Franz_Ritter_von_Epp" title="Franz Ritter von Epp">Franz Ritter von Epp</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201771_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201771-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The aim of the group was to suppress <a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">communism</a> in Bavaria. He established and commanded the <i>Sturmbataillon Niederbayern</i> ("Storm Battalion Lower Bavaria"), with the young <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Himmler" title="Heinrich Himmler">Heinrich Himmler</a> employed as his adjutant.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWistrich2013246–247_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWistrich2013246–247-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Strasser was known for his enormous stature, commanding personality, and boundless organizational energy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201772_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201772-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By March 1920, Strasser's Freikorps was ready to participate in the failed <a href="/wiki/Kapp_Putsch" title="Kapp Putsch">Kapp Putsch</a>, whereas his brother Otto had turned to the left of the political spectrum and helped combat this right-wing <i><a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Coup d'état">coup d'état</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWistrich2013246–247_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWistrich2013246–247-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Strasser brothers advocated an <a href="/wiki/Anti-capitalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-capitalist">anti-capitalist</a> and social revolutionary course for the NSDAP, which at the same time was also firmly <a href="/wiki/Economic_antisemitism" title="Economic antisemitism">antisemitic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anti-communism" title="Anti-communism">anti-Marxist</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFulbrook201545_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFulbrook201545-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_career">Political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregor_Strasser&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hitler_1929_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/50/Hitler_1929_crop.jpg/170px-Hitler_1929_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/50/Hitler_1929_crop.jpg/255px-Hitler_1929_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/50/Hitler_1929_crop.jpg/340px-Hitler_1929_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1900" /></a><figcaption>Hitler and other top <a href="/wiki/Sturmabteilung" title="Sturmabteilung">SA</a> officials at a party rally, 1928</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nazi_Party_activities">Nazi Party activities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregor_Strasser&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Nazi Party activities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By 1920, Strasser, and his paramilitary group had joined forces with <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Party" title="Nazi Party">Nazi Party</a> (NSDAP), another <a href="/wiki/Far-right_politics" title="Far-right politics">far-right</a> political party seated in <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans2004202_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans2004202-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHamilton1984347_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHamilton1984347-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the autumn of 1922, Strasser officially became a member of the NSDAP and the <a href="/wiki/Sturmabteilung" title="Sturmabteilung">SA</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERead2005117_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERead2005117-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Strasser's leadership qualities were soon recognized, and he was appointed as regional head of the <i><a href="/wiki/Sturmabteilung" title="Sturmabteilung">Sturmabteilung</a></i> ("Storm Detachment"; SA) in <a href="/wiki/Lower_Bavaria" title="Lower Bavaria">Lower Bavaria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKershaw2000270_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKershaw2000270-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 1923, he took an active part in the unsuccessful <a href="/wiki/Beer_Hall_Putsch" title="Beer Hall Putsch">Beer Hall Putsch</a>, a coup attempt by Hitler and <a href="/wiki/Erich_Ludendorff" title="Erich Ludendorff">Ludendorff</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Weimar_Republic" title="Weimar Republic">Weimar Republic</a>. He was tried with other putschists shortly after Hitler's trial, convicted of aiding and abetting high treason—his actual arrest was for attempting to recruit soldiers for the NSDAP, which had been outlawed<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201772_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201772-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>—on 12 May and sentenced to 15 months' imprisonment and a small fine.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStachura198333_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStachura198333-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After a few weeks Strasser was released because he had been elected a member of the Bavarian <a href="/wiki/Landtag" title="Landtag">Landtag</a> for the NSDAP-associated "<a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lkisch_movement" title="Völkisch movement">Völkischer</a> Block" on 6 April and 4 May (in the Palatinate) 1924, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERead2005118_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERead2005118-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 1924 Strasser won a seat for the "völkisch" <a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Freedom_Movement" title="National Socialist Freedom Movement">National Socialist Freedom Movement</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Reichstag_(Weimar_Republic)" title="Reichstag (Weimar Republic)">Reichstag</a>. He represented the constituency Westphalia North.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStachura198334_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStachura198334-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the restoration of the NSDAP by Adolf Hitler on 26 February 1925, Strasser became the first <i><a href="/wiki/Gauleiter" title="Gauleiter">Gauleiter</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Lower_Bavaria" title="Lower Bavaria">Lower Bavaria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERead2005123–124_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERead2005123–124-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because Strasser led up to 2,000 men in Landshut and was overworked, he began looking for an assistant.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERead2005119_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERead2005119-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Heinrich Himmler, who obtained the job, was tasked with expanding the organization in Lower Bavaria.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERosmus201536fn_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERosmus201536fn-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 1926, Strasser's <i><a href="/wiki/Gau_(German)#The_Nazi_Party_Gaue" class="mw-redirect" title="Gau (German)">Gau</a></i> merged with that of the <a href="/wiki/Upper_Palatinate" title="Upper Palatinate">Upper Palatinate</a> and Strasser headed the enlarged <i>Gau</i>. After a subsequent partition on 1 October 1928, the Upper Palatinate was taken over by <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Wagner" title="Adolf Wagner">Adolf Wagner</a> while Strasser continued as <i>Gauleiter</i> of Lower Bavaria until 1 March 1929.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHöffkes1986327_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHöffkes1986327-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Role_in_the_Nazi_Party's_national_organisation"><span id="Role_in_the_Nazi_Party.27s_national_organisation"></span>Role in the Nazi Party's national organisation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregor_Strasser&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Role in the Nazi Party's national organisation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After 1925, Strasser's organizational skills helped transform the Nazi Party from a marginal south-German splinter party into a nationwide party with mass appeal.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicholls2000253_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicholls2000253-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFulbrook201545_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFulbrook201545-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to the public-speaking ban issued against Hitler, Strasser had been deputized (by Hitler) to represent the party in the north and speak.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201782_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201782-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Through much of 1925, Strasser took full advantage of his liberties as a member of the Reichstag; using his free railroad passes,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201782_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201782-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he traveled extensively throughout northern and western Germany appointing Gauleiters, setting up party branches, and delivering numerous public speeches.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERead2005126_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERead2005126-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lacking Hitler's oratorical gifts to move the masses, Strasser's personality alone was nonetheless sufficient to influence an audience.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201782–83_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201782–83-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His concerted efforts helped the northern party so much that before the end of 1925, there were some 272 local NSDAP chapters compared to the 71 that existed before the failed putsch.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201783_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201783-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Strasser's brand of socialism is discernible from a speech he made to the Reichstag in November 1925: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>We National Socialists want the economic revolution involving the nationalization of the economy...We want in place of an exploitative capitalist economic system a real socialism, maintained not by a soulless Jewish-materialist outlook but by the believing, sacrificial, and unselfish old German community sentiment, community purpose, and economic feeling. We want the social revolution in order to bring about the national revolution.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201784_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201784-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p></blockquote> <p>Strasser established the Party in northern and western Germany as a strong political association, one which attained a larger membership than Hitler's southern party section.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicholls2000253_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicholls2000253-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFulbrook201545_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFulbrook201545-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/NSDAP/AO" class="mw-redirect" title="NSDAP/AO">party's own foreign organization</a> was also formed on Strasser's initiative.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENewton199238_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENewton199238-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also founded the <a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Working_Association" title="National Socialist Working Association">National Socialist Working Association</a> on 10 September 1925.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStachura198345_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStachura198345-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was a short-lived group of about a dozen northern and western German <i>Gauleiter</i>, who supported the more "socialist" wing of the Party and sought to increase its appeal to the working class in Germany's large industrial cities.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPridham197348_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPridham197348-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Together with his brother Otto, Strasser founded the Berlin <i>Kampf-Verlag</i> ("Combat Publishing") in March 1926, which went on to publish the weekly newspaper the <i>Berliner Arbeiterzeitung</i> ("Berlin Workers Newspaper"), which represented the more "socialist" wing of the Party.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicholls2000253_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicholls2000253-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELongerich2015100–101_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELongerich2015100–101-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Strasser appointed the young university-educated political agitator from the Rhineland, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Goebbels" title="Joseph Goebbels">Joseph Goebbels</a> as the managing editor of the <i>Kampfverlag</i>, a man who was drawn to the NSDAP political message and to Strasser himself.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201784–85_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201784–85-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two men drafted a revised version of the NSDAP political program during the winter of 1925–1926, one which leaned much further to the left and incensed Hitler.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201784_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201784-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To deal with these proposed changes head-on, Hitler called for a meeting in the northern Bavarian city of <a href="/wiki/Bamberg" title="Bamberg">Bamberg</a> on 14 February 1926. Goebbels and Strasser traveled there hoping to convince Hitler of the new message.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201784_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201784-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the speech at the <a href="/wiki/Bamberg_Conference" title="Bamberg Conference">Bamberg Conference</a>, Hitler lambasted the extreme ideas in the new draft, ideas which he conflated more with Bolshevism, a development which profoundly shocked and disappointed Strasser and Goebbels. Strasser's follow-on speech was bumbled and ineffectual, the result of Hitler's powerful oration; Hitler's refutation of Strasser's policy suggestions at Bamberg demonstrated that the party had officially become Hitler's and the NSDAP centered around him.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201786–87_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201786–87-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Placating the northern German NSDAP branches in the wake of Bamberg, Hitler assigned leadership of the SA, which was temporarily vacated by <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Roehm" class="mw-redirect" title="Ernst Roehm">Ernst Roehm</a>, to one of Strasser's own key members, <a href="/wiki/Franz_Pfeffer_von_Salomon" title="Franz Pfeffer von Salomon">Franz Pfeffer von Salomon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201787_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201787-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More importantly perhaps, Hitler began a personal campaign to lure away Strasser's chief lieutenant, Goebbels, into his personal fold—a move which proved immediately successful.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans2004206_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans2004206-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201788_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201788-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The future Führer also struck a deal with Strasser to disband the National Socialist Working Association and asked him to assume responsibility for the party propaganda department.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201788_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201788-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Strasser accepted this position, but a car accident in March 1926 proved a setback: he was bedridden as a result. Upon recovery, he was welcomed back into this position.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201789_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201789-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus, in addition to his Gauleiter responsibilities, from 16 September 1926 until 2 January 1928, he was the NSDAP's national leader for propaganda (<i>Reichspropagandaleiter</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStachura198362_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStachura198362-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Strasser left his propaganda post to take up new responsibilities as Chairman of the NSDAP Organizational Committee, later, the Organizational Department <i>(Organisationsableitung)</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHöffkes1986327_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHöffkes1986327-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between 1928 and 1932, Hitler turned over the NSDAP's national organizational work to Strasser, whose skills were better suited to the task, as Hitler was uninterested in organizational matters and preferred to give his attention to ideological concerns.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders2017110_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders2017110-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 18 December 1931, Hitler granted Strasser the rank of SA-<i><a href="/wiki/Gruppenf%C3%BChrer" title="Gruppenführer">Gruppenführer</a></i> and, in 1932, Strasser also became the editor of several biweekly and monthly Nazi news sheets.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMillerSchulz2021326_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMillerSchulz2021326-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By June 1932, Strasser was named <i>Reichsorganisationsleiter</i>, and had further centralized the Party's organizational structure under his command.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHöffkes1986327_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHöffkes1986327-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the course of the reorganizations, Strasser refashioned the NSDAP district boundaries to more closely align with those of the Reichstag and increased the authority of <i>Gauleiters</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders2017110_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders2017110-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Strasser reorganized both the party's regional structure and its vertical management hierarchy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStachura198364–65_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStachura198364–65-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The party became a more centralized organization with extensive propaganda mechanisms.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFulbrook201545_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFulbrook201545-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicholls2000253_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicholls2000253-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1928 General Election on 20 May, Strasser was elected from electoral constituency 26 (<a href="/wiki/Franconia" title="Franconia">Franconia</a>) as one of the first 12 Nazi deputies to the Reichstag.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStachura198366_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStachura198366-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the NSDAP only received 2.6 percent of the national vote that year, it became the second largest party in the Reichstag by September 1930, securing 18.3 percent of the vote.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFulbrook201544_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFulbrook201544-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Strasser's organizational strengthening contributed to this success and the Nazis became the largest party in July 1932 with 37.3%. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conflicts_with_Hitler">Conflicts with Hitler</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregor_Strasser&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Conflicts with Hitler"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a> greatly affected Germany and by 1930 there was a dramatic increase in unemployment. During this time, the Strasser brothers started publishing a new regional daily newspaper in Berlin, the <i>Nationaler Sozialist</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELongerich2015125,_126,_127_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELongerich2015125,_126,_127-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like their other publications, it conveyed the brothers' own brand of Nazism, including nationalism, anti-capitalism, social reform, and anti-Westernism.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKershaw2008200_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKershaw2008200-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Goebbels complained vehemently about the rival Strasser newspapers to Hitler and admitted that their success was causing his own Berlin newspapers to be "pushed to the wall".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELongerich2015125,_126_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELongerich2015125,_126-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In late April 1930, Hitler publicly and firmly announced his opposition to Gregor Strasser's socialist ideas and appointed Goebbels as Reich leader of NSDAP propaganda.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans2004244_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans2004244-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When Hitler visited Goebbels on 2 May 1930, Goebbels banned the evening edition of the <i>Nationaler Sozialist</i>. Gregor Strasser distanced himself from his brother and relinquished his position as publisher of the <i>Nationaler Sozialist</i> by the end of June, while Otto left the Party at the beginning of July.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELongerich2015128,_129_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELongerich2015128,_129-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 1932, Hitler was offered the job of <a href="/wiki/Vice-Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Vice-Chancellor of Germany">Vice-Chancellor of Germany</a> by then Chancellor <a href="/wiki/Franz_von_Papen" title="Franz von Papen">Franz von Papen</a> at the behest of President <a href="/wiki/Paul_von_Hindenburg" title="Paul von Hindenburg">Paul von Hindenburg</a>, but he refused. Strasser urged him to enter a coalition government, but Hitler saw the offer as placing him in a position of "playing second fiddle".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKershaw2008233,_234_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKershaw2008233,_234-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gunther1940_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gunther1940-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While many in his inner circle, like Goebbels, saw his resistance as heroic, Strasser was frustrated and believed Hitler was wrong to hold out for the Chancellorship. The ideological and personal rivalry with Hitler grew when the successor Chancellor <a href="/wiki/Kurt_von_Schleicher" title="Kurt von Schleicher">Kurt von Schleicher</a> had discussions with Strasser as to becoming Vice-Chancellor in December 1932.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKershaw2008244,_245_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKershaw2008244,_245-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Schleicher hoped to split the NSDAP with Strasser's help, pulling the left wing of the NSDAP to his "national conservative" side to stop Hitler.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicholls2000253_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicholls2000253-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hitler was furious and demanded that Strasser refuse Schleicher's offer.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicholls2000253_16-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicholls2000253-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At a meeting of Nazi Reichstag members Hitler confronted the 30-40 that supported Strasser, forcing them to publicly support the former and denounce the latter.<sup id="cite_ref-gunther1940_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gunther1940-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Strasser resigned from his party offices on 8 December 1932, just seven weeks before the NSDAP obtained political power.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKershaw2008245_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKershaw2008245-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hitler temporarily took over the post of <i>Reichsorganisationsleiter</i>, eventually turning it over to <a href="/wiki/Robert_Ley" title="Robert Ley">Robert Ley</a>. <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOrlow1969295_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOrlow1969295-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 16 January 1933, Hitler "publicly repudiated Strasser" for his interactions with Schleicher.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOvery201059_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOvery201059-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 1933, Strasser officially exited politics by renouncing his Reichstag seat.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStachura1983121_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStachura1983121-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_life">Later life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregor_Strasser&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Later life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Life_after_politics">Life after politics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregor_Strasser&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Life after politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Having renounced his seat in the Reichstag, Strasser sought to return to his pre-politics profession as a pharmacist. Through his own connections and with Hitler's consent he was provided with the opportunity to take up a directorship of Schering-Kahlbaum, a chemical-pharmaceutical company that was the Berlin subsidiary of <a href="/wiki/IG_Farben" title="IG Farben">IG Farben</a>, so long as he promised to cease all political activity, which he did.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStachura1983121_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStachura1983121-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He detached himself from politics, refusing to meet former political associates and, contrary to some reports, had no contact with his brother Otto's <a href="/wiki/Black_Front" title="Black Front">Black Front</a> organisation.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStachura1983123_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStachura1983123-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Death">Death</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregor_Strasser&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Having achieved national power in January 1933, Hitler and the NSDAP began eliminating all forms of opposition in Germany. In what became known as the <a href="/wiki/Night_of_the_Long_Knives" title="Night of the Long Knives">Night of the Long Knives</a>, the entire SA leadership was purged, which took place from 30<span class="nowrap"> </span>June to 2<span class="nowrap"> </span>July 1934.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans200531–41_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans200531–41-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hitler, along with other top Nazis such as <a href="/wiki/Hermann_G%C3%B6ring" title="Hermann Göring">Hermann Göring</a> and Himmler, targeted <a href="/wiki/Ernst_R%C3%B6hm" title="Ernst Röhm">Ernst Röhm</a> and other SA leaders who, along with some of Hitler's political adversaries, were rounded up, arrested, and shot by members of the <i><a href="/wiki/Schutzstaffel" title="Schutzstaffel">Schutzstaffel</a></i> (SS) and <a href="/wiki/Gestapo" title="Gestapo">Gestapo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKershaw2008309–314_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKershaw2008309–314-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among them was Strasser. Historian <a href="/wiki/Richard_J._Evans" title="Richard J. Evans">Richard J. Evans</a> surmises that Strasser was most likely killed for having been allegedly offered a position by the predecessor conservative Weimar government, a tie which made him a potential political enemy, due to the personal enmity of Himmler and Göring, both of whom Strasser had been critical of during his role in the party's leadership.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans200534–35_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans200534–35-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whether Strasser was killed on Hitler's personal orders is not known.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStachura1983123_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStachura1983123-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was shot once in the main artery from behind in his cell but did not die immediately. On the orders of SS general <a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Heydrich" title="Reinhard Heydrich">Reinhard Heydrich</a>, Strasser was left to bleed to death, which took almost an hour.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERead2005372_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERead2005372-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His brother Otto had emigrated in 1933.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicholls2000253–254_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicholls2000253–254-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELongerich2015130_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELongerich2015130-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregor_Strasser&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nazi_Party_leaders_and_officials" title="List of Nazi Party leaders and officials">List of Nazi Party leaders and officials</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregor_Strasser&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Citations</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans2004202-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans2004202_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans2004202_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans2004202_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEvans2004">Evans 2004</a>, p. 202.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWistrich2013246–247-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWistrich2013246–247_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWistrich2013246–247_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWistrich2013246–247_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWistrich2013246–247_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWistrich2013246–247_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWistrich2013">Wistrich 2013</a>, pp. 246–247.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERead2005117-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERead2005117_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERead2005117_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRead2005">Read 2005</a>, p. 117.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHamilton1984347-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHamilton1984347_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHamilton1984347_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHamilton1984">Hamilton 1984</a>, p. 347.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201771-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201771_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChilders2017">Childers 2017</a>, p. 71.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201772-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201772_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201772_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChilders2017">Childers 2017</a>, p. 72.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFulbrook201545-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFulbrook201545_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFulbrook201545_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFulbrook201545_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFulbrook201545_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFulbrook2015">Fulbrook 2015</a>, p. 45.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKershaw2000270-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKershaw2000270_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKershaw2000">Kershaw 2000</a>, p. 270.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStachura198333-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStachura198333_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStachura1983">Stachura 1983</a>, p. 33.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERead2005118-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERead2005118_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRead2005">Read 2005</a>, p. 118.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStachura198334-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStachura198334_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStachura1983">Stachura 1983</a>, p. 34.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERead2005123–124-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERead2005123–124_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRead2005">Read 2005</a>, pp. 123–124.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERead2005119-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERead2005119_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRead2005">Read 2005</a>, p. 119.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERosmus201536fn-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERosmus201536fn_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRosmus2015">Rosmus 2015</a>, p. 36fn.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHöffkes1986327-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHöffkes1986327_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHöffkes1986327_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHöffkes1986327_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHöffkes1986">Höffkes 1986</a>, p. 327.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENicholls2000253-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicholls2000253_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicholls2000253_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicholls2000253_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicholls2000253_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicholls2000253_16-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicholls2000253_16-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNicholls2000">Nicholls 2000</a>, p. 253.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201782-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201782_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201782_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChilders2017">Childers 2017</a>, p. 82.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERead2005126-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERead2005126_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRead2005">Read 2005</a>, p. 126.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201782–83-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201782–83_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChilders2017">Childers 2017</a>, pp. 82–83.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201783-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201783_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChilders2017">Childers 2017</a>, p. 83.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201784-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201784_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201784_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201784_21-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChilders2017">Childers 2017</a>, p. 84.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENewton199238-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENewton199238_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNewton1992">Newton 1992</a>, p. 38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStachura198345-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStachura198345_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStachura1983">Stachura 1983</a>, p. 45.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPridham197348-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPridham197348_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPridham1973">Pridham 1973</a>, p. 48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELongerich2015100–101-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELongerich2015100–101_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLongerich2015">Longerich 2015</a>, pp. 100–101.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201784–85-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201784–85_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChilders2017">Childers 2017</a>, pp. 84–85.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201786–87-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201786–87_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChilders2017">Childers 2017</a>, pp. 86–87.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201787-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChilders201787_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChilders2017">Childers 2017</a>, p. 87.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans2004206-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans2004206_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEvans2004">Evans 2004</a>, p. 206.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChilders201788-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a 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class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChilders2017">Childers 2017</a>, p. 110.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMillerSchulz2021326-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMillerSchulz2021326_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMillerSchulz2021">Miller & Schulz 2021</a>, p. 326.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStachura198364–65-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStachura198364–65_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStachura1983">Stachura 1983</a>, pp. 64–65.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStachura198366-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStachura198366_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStachura1983">Stachura 1983</a>, p. 66.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFulbrook201544-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFulbrook201544_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFulbrook2015">Fulbrook 2015</a>, p. 44.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELongerich2015125,_126,_127-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELongerich2015125,_126,_127_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLongerich2015">Longerich 2015</a>, pp. 125, 126, 127.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKershaw2008200-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKershaw2008200_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKershaw2008">Kershaw 2008</a>, p. 200.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELongerich2015125,_126-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELongerich2015125,_126_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLongerich2015">Longerich 2015</a>, pp. 125, 126.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans2004244-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a 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cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGunther,_John1940" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Gunther" title="John Gunther">Gunther, John</a> (1940). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.149663/2015.149663.Inside-Europe#page/n35/mode/2up"><i>Inside Europe</i></a>. New York: Harper & Brothers. pp. 14, 38–39.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inside+Europe&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=14%2C+38-39&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Brothers&rft.date=1940&rft.au=Gunther%2C+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fin.ernet.dli.2015.149663%2F2015.149663.Inside-Europe%23page%2Fn35%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGregor+Strasser" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKershaw2008244,_245-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKershaw2008244,_245_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKershaw2008">Kershaw 2008</a>, pp. 244, 245.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKershaw2008245-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKershaw2008245_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKershaw2008">Kershaw 2008</a>, p. 245.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOrlow1969295-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOrlow1969295_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOrlow1969">Orlow 1969</a>, p. 295.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOvery201059-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOvery201059_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOvery2010">Overy 2010</a>, p. 59.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStachura1983121-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStachura1983121_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStachura1983121_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStachura1983">Stachura 1983</a>, p. 121.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStachura1983123-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStachura1983123_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStachura1983123_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStachura1983">Stachura 1983</a>, p. 123.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans200531–41-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans200531–41_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEvans2005">Evans 2005</a>, pp. 31–41.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKershaw2008309–314-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKershaw2008309–314_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKershaw2008">Kershaw 2008</a>, pp. 309–314.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEvans200534–35-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEvans200534–35_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEvans2005">Evans 2005</a>, pp. 34–35.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERead2005372-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERead2005372_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRead2005">Read 2005</a>, p. 372.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENicholls2000253–254-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicholls2000253–254_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNicholls2000">Nicholls 2000</a>, pp. 253–254.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELongerich2015130-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELongerich2015130_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLongerich2015">Longerich 2015</a>, p. 130.</span> </li> </ol></div> <p><b>Bibliography</b> </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChilders2017" class="citation book cs1">Childers, Thomas (2017). <i>The Third Reich: A History of Nazi Germany</i>. New York: Simon & Schuster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-45165-113-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-45165-113-3"><bdi>978-1-45165-113-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Third+Reich%3A+A+History+of+Nazi+Germany&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-45165-113-3&rft.aulast=Childers&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGregor+Strasser" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvans2004" class="citation book cs1">Evans, Richard (2004). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781594200045"><i>The Coming of the Third Reich</i></a></span>. New York: Penguin Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1594200045" title="Special:BookSources/978-1594200045"><bdi>978-1594200045</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Coming+of+the+Third+Reich&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Penguin+Publishing&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1594200045&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9781594200045&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGregor+Strasser" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvans2005" class="citation book cs1">Evans, Richard (2005). <i>The Third Reich in Power</i>. New York: Penguin Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14303-790-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14303-790-3"><bdi>978-0-14303-790-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Third+Reich+in+Power&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Penguin+Publishing&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-14303-790-3&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGregor+Strasser" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFulbrook2015" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Fulbrook" title="Mary Fulbrook">Fulbrook, Mary</a> (2015). <i>A History of Germany 1918–2014: The Divided Nation</i> (4th ed.). Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-11877-614-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-11877-614-8"><bdi>978-1-11877-614-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Germany+1918%E2%80%932014%3A+The+Divided+Nation&rft.place=Chichester&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-11877-614-8&rft.aulast=Fulbrook&rft.aufirst=Mary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGregor+Strasser" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamilton1984" class="citation book cs1">Hamilton, Charles (1984). <i>Leaders & Personalities of the Third Reich</i>. R. James Bender Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-912138-27-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-912138-27-0"><bdi>0-912138-27-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Leaders+%26+Personalities+of+the+Third+Reich&rft.pub=R.+James+Bender+Publishing&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=0-912138-27-0&rft.aulast=Hamilton&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGregor+Strasser" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHöffkes1986" class="citation book cs1">Höffkes, Karl (1986). <i>Hitlers Politische Generale. Die Gauleiter des Dritten Reiches: ein biographisches Nachschlagewerk</i>. Tübingen: Grabert-Verlag. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-87847-163-7" title="Special:BookSources/3-87847-163-7"><bdi>3-87847-163-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hitlers+Politische+Generale.+Die+Gauleiter+des+Dritten+Reiches%3A+ein+biographisches+Nachschlagewerk&rft.place=T%C3%BCbingen&rft.pub=Grabert-Verlag&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=3-87847-163-7&rft.aulast=H%C3%B6ffkes&rft.aufirst=Karl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGregor+Strasser" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKershaw2000" class="citation book cs1">Kershaw, Ian (2000). <i>Hitler: 1889–1936 Hubris</i>. W. W. Norton & Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0393320350" title="Special:BookSources/978-0393320350"><bdi>978-0393320350</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hitler%3A+1889%E2%80%931936+Hubris&rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton+%26+Company&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0393320350&rft.aulast=Kershaw&rft.aufirst=Ian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGregor+Strasser" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKershaw2008" class="citation book cs1">Kershaw, Ian (2008). <i>Hitler: A Biography</i>. W. W. Norton & Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-393-06757-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-393-06757-6"><bdi>978-0-393-06757-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hitler%3A+A+Biography&rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton+%26+Company&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-393-06757-6&rft.aulast=Kershaw&rft.aufirst=Ian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGregor+Strasser" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLongerich2015" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Longerich" title="Peter Longerich">Longerich, Peter</a> (2015). <i>Goebbels: A Biography</i>. Random House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1400067510" title="Special:BookSources/978-1400067510"><bdi>978-1400067510</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Goebbels%3A+A+Biography&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1400067510&rft.aulast=Longerich&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGregor+Strasser" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMillerSchulz2021" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Miller, Michael D.; Schulz, Andreas (2021). <i>Gauleiter: The Regional Leaders of the Nazi Party and Their Deputies, 1925–1945</i>. Vol. 3 (Fritz Sauckel – Hans Zimmermann). Fonthill Media. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-781-55826-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-781-55826-3"><bdi>978-1-781-55826-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gauleiter%3A+The+Regional+Leaders+of+the+Nazi+Party+and+Their+Deputies%2C+1925%E2%80%931945&rft.pub=Fonthill+Media&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-1-781-55826-3&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Michael+D.&rft.au=Schulz%2C+Andreas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGregor+Strasser" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewton1992" class="citation book cs1">Newton, Ronald (1992). <i>The "Nazi Menace" in Argentina, 1931–1947</i>. Stanford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0804719292" title="Special:BookSources/978-0804719292"><bdi>978-0804719292</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+%22Nazi+Menace%22+in+Argentina%2C+1931%E2%80%931947&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0804719292&rft.aulast=Newton&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGregor+Strasser" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNicholls2000" class="citation book cs1">Nicholls, David (2000). <i>Adolf Hitler: A Biographical Companion</i>. ABC-CLIO. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0874369656" title="Special:BookSources/978-0874369656"><bdi>978-0874369656</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Adolf+Hitler%3A+A+Biographical+Companion&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0874369656&rft.aulast=Nicholls&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGregor+Strasser" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOrlow1969" class="citation book cs1">Orlow, Dietrich (1969). <i>The History of the Nazi Party: 1919-1933</i>. University of Pittsburgh Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8229-3183-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8229-3183-4"><bdi>0-8229-3183-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+the+Nazi+Party%3A+1919-1933&rft.pub=University+of+Pittsburgh+Press&rft.date=1969&rft.isbn=0-8229-3183-4&rft.aulast=Orlow&rft.aufirst=Dietrich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGregor+Strasser" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOvery2010" class="citation book cs1">Overy, Richard (2010). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/thirdreichchroni0000over"><i>The Third Reich: A Chronicle</i></a></span>. New York: Quercus Publishing Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-62365-456-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-62365-456-6"><bdi>978-1-62365-456-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Third+Reich%3A+A+Chronicle&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Quercus+Publishing+Inc.&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-62365-456-6&rft.aulast=Overy&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fthirdreichchroni0000over&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGregor+Strasser" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPridham1973" class="citation book cs1">Pridham, Geoffrey (1973). <i>Hitler's Rise to Power: The Nazi Movement in Bavaria, 1923-1933</i>. New York: Harper & Row. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-061-36116-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-061-36116-6"><bdi>978-0-061-36116-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hitler%27s+Rise+to+Power%3A+The+Nazi+Movement+in+Bavaria%2C+1923-1933&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Row&rft.date=1973&rft.isbn=978-0-061-36116-6&rft.aulast=Pridham&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGregor+Strasser" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRead2005" class="citation book cs1">Read, Anthony (2005). <i>The Devil's Disciples: Hitler's Inner Circle</i>. New York: Norton. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-039332-697-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-039332-697-0"><bdi>978-039332-697-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Devil%27s+Disciples%3A+Hitler%27s+Inner+Circle&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Norton&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-039332-697-0&rft.aulast=Read&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGregor+Strasser" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosmus2015" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Rosmus, Anna (2015). <i>Hitlers Nibelungen</i> (in German). Grafenau: Samples Verlag. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-93840-132-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-93840-132-3"><bdi>978-3-93840-132-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hitlers+Nibelungen&rft.place=Grafenau&rft.pub=Samples+Verlag&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-3-93840-132-3&rft.aulast=Rosmus&rft.aufirst=Anna&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGregor+Strasser" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStachura1983" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Stachura" title="Peter Stachura">Stachura, Peter D.</a> (1983). <i>Gregor Strasser and the Rise of Nazism</i>. London: George Allen & Unwin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-04943-027-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-04943-027-3"><bdi>978-0-04943-027-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gregor+Strasser+and+the+Rise+of+Nazism&rft.place=London&rft.pub=George+Allen+%26+Unwin&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=978-0-04943-027-3&rft.aulast=Stachura&rft.aufirst=Peter+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGregor+Strasser" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWistrich2013" class="citation book cs1">Wistrich, Robert (2013). <i>Who's Who in Nazi Germany</i>. Routledge Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1136413810" title="Special:BookSources/978-1136413810"><bdi>978-1136413810</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Who%27s+Who+in+Nazi+Germany&rft.pub=Routledge+Publishing&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1136413810&rft.aulast=Wistrich&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGregor+Strasser" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregor_Strasser&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Gregor_Strasser" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Gregor Strasser">Gregor Strasser</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dhm.de/lemo/biografie/gregor-strasser">Gregor Strasser</a> at the <a href="/wiki/German_Historical_Museum" title="German Historical Museum">German Historical Museum</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170131162139/http://dispatch.opac.d-nb.de/DB=4.1/REL?PPN=11861889X">Gregor Strasser</a> at the <a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of Germany">National Library of Germany</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://purl.org/pressemappe20/folder/pe/017224">Newspaper clippings about Gregor Strasser</a> in the <a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Press_Archives" title="20th Century Press Archives">20th Century Press Archives</a> of the <a href="/wiki/German_National_Library_of_Economics" title="German National Library of Economics">ZBW</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output 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style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Nazi_Party" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Party" title="Nazi Party">Nazi Party</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%BChrer" title="Führer">Leader</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Drexler" title="Anton Drexler">Anton Drexler</a> (1919–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a> (1921–1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Bormann" title="Martin Bormann">Martin Bormann</a> (1945)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler%27s_rise_to_power" title="Adolf Hitler's rise to power">Adolf Hitler's rise to power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beer_Hall_Putsch" title="Beer Hall Putsch">Beer Hall Putsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_House,_Munich" title="Brown House, Munich">Brown House, Munich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denazification" title="Denazification">Denazification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enabling_Act_of_1933" title="Enabling Act of 1933">Enabling Act of 1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Workers%27_Party" title="German Workers' Party">German Workers' Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Program" title="National Socialist Program">National Socialist Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">Nazism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night_of_the_Long_Knives" title="Night of the Long Knives">Night of the Long Knives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_rallies" title="Nuremberg rallies">Nuremberg rallies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%B6hm_scandal" title="Röhm scandal">Röhm scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sturmabteilung" title="Sturmabteilung">SA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thule_Society" title="Thule Society">Thule Society</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Party offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amt_Rosenberg" title="Amt Rosenberg">Amt Rosenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hitler_Youth" title="Hitler Youth">Hitler Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hitler%27s_Chancellery" title="Hitler's Chancellery">Hitler's Chancellery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Party_Chancellery" title="Nazi Party Chancellery">Nazi Party Chancellery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NSDAP_Office_of_Colonial_Policy" title="NSDAP Office of Colonial Policy">Office of Colonial Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NSDAP_Office_of_Military_Policy" title="NSDAP Office of Military Policy">Office of Military Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Party_Office_of_Racial_Policy" title="Nazi Party Office of Racial Policy">Office of Racial Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NSDAP_Office_of_Foreign_Affairs" title="NSDAP Office of Foreign Affairs">Office of Foreign Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Party/Foreign_Organization" title="Nazi Party/Foreign Organization">NSDAP/AO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schutzstaffel" title="Schutzstaffel">SS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Education_Office" title="SS Education Office">SS Education Office</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lkischer_Beobachter" title="Völkischer Beobachter">Völkischer Beobachter</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Das_Schwarze_Korps" title="Das Schwarze Korps">Das Schwarze Korps</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Das_Reich_(newspaper)" title="Das Reich (newspaper)">Das Reich</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Innviertler_Heimatblatt" title="Innviertler Heimatblatt">Innviertler Heimatblatt</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Arbeitertum" title="Arbeitertum">Arbeitertum</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Der_Angriff" title="Der Angriff">Der Angriff</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Panzerb%C3%A4r" title="Panzerbär">Panzerbär</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Der_St%C3%BCrmer" title="Der Stürmer">Der Stürmer</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Kampfverlag" title="Kampfverlag">Kampfverlag</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nazis" title="List of Nazis">Notable members</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artur_Axmann" title="Artur Axmann">Artur Axmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Stewart_Chamberlain" title="Houston Stewart Chamberlain">Houston Stewart Chamberlain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Daluege" title="Kurt Daluege">Kurt Daluege</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Walther_Darr%C3%A9" title="Richard Walther Darré">Richard Walther Darré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Diels" title="Rudolf Diels">Rudolf Diels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_D%C3%B6nitz" title="Karl Dönitz">Karl Dönitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dietrich_Eckart" title="Dietrich Eckart">Dietrich Eckart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Eichmann" title="Adolf Eichmann">Adolf Eichmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Frank" title="Hans Frank">Hans Frank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roland_Freisler" title="Roland Freisler">Roland Freisler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Frick" title="Wilhelm Frick">Wilhelm Frick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walther_Funk" title="Walther Funk">Walther Funk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Goebbels" title="Joseph Goebbels">Joseph Goebbels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_G%C3%B6ring" title="Hermann Göring">Hermann Göring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Hanfstaengl" title="Ernst Hanfstaengl">Ernst Hanfstaengl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Hess" title="Rudolf Hess">Rudolf Hess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Heydrich" title="Reinhard Heydrich">Reinhard Heydrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Himmler" title="Heinrich Himmler">Heinrich Himmler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_H%C3%B6ss" title="Rudolf Höss">Rudolf Höss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Kaltenbrunner" title="Ernst Kaltenbrunner">Ernst Kaltenbrunner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Ley" title="Robert Ley">Robert Ley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josef_Mengele" title="Josef Mengele">Josef Mengele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_von_Neurath" title="Konstantin von Neurath">Konstantin von Neurath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_von_Ribbentrop" title="Joachim von Ribbentrop">Joachim von Ribbentrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_R%C3%B6hm" title="Ernst Röhm">Ernst Röhm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Rosenberg" title="Alfred Rosenberg">Alfred Rosenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernhard_Rust" title="Bernhard Rust">Bernhard Rust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Todt" title="Fritz Todt">Fritz Todt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baldur_von_Schirach" title="Baldur von Schirach">Baldur von Schirach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Seyss-Inquart" title="Arthur Seyss-Inquart">Arthur Seyss-Inquart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Speer" title="Albert Speer">Albert Speer</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gregor Strasser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Strasser" title="Otto Strasser">Otto Strasser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Streicher" title="Julius Streicher">Julius Streicher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Derivatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Front" title="Black Front">Black Front</a> (<a href="/wiki/Strasserism" title="Strasserism">Strasserism</a>) / <a href="/wiki/German_Social_Union_(West_Germany)" title="German Social Union (West Germany)">German Social Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Reichspartei" title="Deutsche Reichspartei">Deutsche Reichspartei</a> / <a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="National Democratic Party of Germany">National Democratic Party of Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Reich_Party" title="Socialist Reich Party">Socialist Reich Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler_Schools" title="Adolf Hitler Schools">Adolf Hitler Schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munich_Documentation_Centre_for_the_History_of_National_Socialism" title="Munich Documentation Centre for the History of National Socialism">Munich Documentation Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Political_Institutes_of_Education" title="National Political Institutes of Education">National Political Institutes of Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_concentration_camps" title="Nazi concentration camps">Nazi concentration camps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_songs" title="Nazi songs">Nazi songs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Horst-Wessel-Lied" title="Horst-Wessel-Lied">Horst-Wessel-Lied</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_and_insignia_of_the_Nazi_Party" title="Ranks and insignia of the Nazi Party">Ranks and insignia of the Nazi Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoan_branch_of_the_Nazi_Party" title="Samoan branch of the Nazi Party">Samoan branch of the Nazi Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066933788">.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Nazism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nazism" title="Template:Nazism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nazism" title="Template talk:Nazism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nazism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nazism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Nazism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">Nazism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="excerpt-block"><div class="excerpt"> <ul><li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Ahnenerbe" title="Ahnenerbe">Ahnenerbe</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artaman_League" title="Artaman League">Artaman League</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Gestapo" title="Gestapo">Geheime Staatspolizei</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Deutscher_Fichte-Bund" title="Deutscher Fichte-Bund">Deutscher Fichte-Bund</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Deutsches_Jungvolk" title="Deutsches Jungvolk">Deutsches Jungvolk</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Franz_Eher_Nachfolger" title="Franz Eher Nachfolger">Franz Eher Nachfolger</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hitler_Youth" title="Hitler Youth">Hitler Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_German_Girls" title="League of German Girls">League of German Girls</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Organisation_Todt" title="Organisation Todt">Organisation Todt</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_German_Doctors%27_League" title="National Socialist German Doctors' League">NSDÄB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_German_Students%27_League" title="National Socialist German Students' League">NSDStB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_League_of_the_Reich_for_Physical_Exercise" title="National Socialist League of the Reich for Physical Exercise">NSRL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Flyers_Corps" title="National Socialist Flyers Corps">NSFK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Motor_Corps" title="National Socialist Motor Corps">NSKK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Women%27s_League" title="National Socialist Women's League">NSF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_in_Nazi_Germany" title="Propaganda in Nazi Germany">Nazi media organizations</a> <ul><li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Nationalsozialistische_Monatshefte" title="Nationalsozialistische Monatshefte">Nationalsozialistische Monatshefte</a></i></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neues_Volk" title="Neues Volk">Neues Volk</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/NS-Frauen-Warte" title="NS-Frauen-Warte">NS-Frauen-Warte</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Das_Reich_(newspaper)" title="Das Reich (newspaper)">Das Reich</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Das_Schwarze_Korps" title="Das Schwarze Korps">Das Schwarze Korps</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Party" title="Nazi Party">Nazi Party</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Sicherheitsdienst" title="Sicherheitsdienst">Sicherheitsdienst</a></i></span> (SD)</li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Sturmabteilung" title="Sturmabteilung">Sturmabteilung</a></i></span> (SA)</li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Schutzstaffel" title="Schutzstaffel">Schutzstaffel</a></i></span> (SS) <ul><li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/SS-Gefolge_(Women%27s_SS_Division)" title="SS-Gefolge (Women's SS Division)">SS Gefolge</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Waffen-SS" title="Waffen-SS">Waffen-SS</a></i></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany#History" title="Nazi Germany">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="excerpt-block"><div class="excerpt"> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_timeline_of_Nazism" title="Early timeline of Nazism">Early timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Program" title="National Socialist Program">National Socialist Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler%27s_rise_to_power" title="Adolf Hitler's rise to power">Hitler's rise to power</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler%27s_rise_to_power#Seizure_of_control_(1931–1933)" title="Adolf Hitler's rise to power">Machtergreifung</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Gleichschaltung" title="Gleichschaltung">Gleichschaltung</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_rearmament" title="German rearmament">German rearmament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Kirchenkampf" title="Kirchenkampf">Kirchenkampf</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler%27s_cult_of_personality" title="Adolf Hitler's cult of personality">Adolf Hitler's cult of personality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enabling_Act_of_1933" title="Enabling Act of 1933">Enabling Act of 1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night_of_the_Long_Knives" title="Night of the Long Knives">Night of the Long Knives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_rallies" title="Nuremberg rallies">Nuremberg rallies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_Laws" title="Nuremberg Laws">Nuremberg Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Comintern_Pact" title="Anti-Comintern Pact">Anti-Comintern Pact</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Kristallnacht" title="Kristallnacht">Kristallnacht</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Anschluss" title="Anschluss">Anschluss</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">The Holocaust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1938%E2%80%931939_German_expedition_to_Tibet" title="1938–1939 German expedition to Tibet">1938–1939 German expedition to Tibet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripartite_Pact" title="Tripartite Pact">Tripartite Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denazification" title="Denazification">Denazification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_trials" title="Nuremberg trials">Nuremberg trials</a></li> <p><a href="/wiki/Final_solution" class="mw-redirect" title="Final solution">Final solution</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_concentration_camps" title="Nazi concentration camps">Concentration camps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deportation" title="Deportation">Deportations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctors%27_Trial" title="Doctors' Trial">Doctors' Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extermination_camp" title="Extermination camp">Extermination camps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">Genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_ghettos" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazi ghettos">Ghettos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_human_experimentation" title="Nazi human experimentation">Human experimentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forced_labour_under_German_rule_during_World_War_II" title="Forced labour under German rule during World War II">Labour camps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pogrom" title="Pogrom">Pogroms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_segregation#Germany" title="Racial segregation">Racial segregation</a></li></ul></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nazism#Ideology_and_programme" title="Nazism">Ideology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="excerpt-block"><div class="excerpt"> <li><a href="/wiki/Aestheticization_of_politics" title="Aestheticization of politics">Aestheticization of politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascism_and_ideology#Socialism_and_communism" title="Fascism and ideology">Anti-communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-intellectualism#Fascism" title="Anti-intellectualism">Anti-intellectualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascism_and_ideology#Liberalism" title="Fascism and ideology">Anti-liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacifism#Criticism" title="Pacifism">Anti-pacifism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blood_and_soil" title="Blood and soil">Blood and soil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chauvinism" title="Chauvinism">Chauvinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_collaboration" title="Class collaboration">Class collaboration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conspiracy_theory" title="Conspiracy theory">Conspiracism</a> <ul><li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Dolchsto%C3%9Flegende" class="mw-redirect" title="Dolchstoßlegende">Dolchstoßlegende</a></i></span></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/International_Jewish_conspiracy" title="International Jewish conspiracy">International Jewry</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Bolshevism" title="Jewish Bolshevism">Judeo-Bolshevism</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corporatism" title="Corporatism">Corporatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cult_of_personality" title="Cult of personality">Cult of personality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dictatorship" title="Dictatorship">Dictatorship</a> <ul><li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%BChrerprinzip" title="Führerprinzip">Führerprinzip</a></i></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_action" title="Direct action">Direct action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_interventionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic interventionism">Economic interventionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_eugenics" title="Nazi eugenics">Eugenics</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Geopolitik" title="Geopolitik">Geopolitik</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Heimat" title="Heimat">Heimat</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_imperialism" class="mw-redirect" title="German imperialism">Imperialism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Germanic_Reich" title="Greater Germanic Reich">Greater Germanic Reich</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Heim_ins_Reich" title="Heim ins Reich">Heim ins Reich</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Lebensraum" title="Lebensraum">Lebensraum</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Germanism" title="Pan-Germanism">Pan-Germanism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_militarism" title="German militarism">Militarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_nationalism" title="German nationalism">Nationalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_nationalism" title="Ethnic nationalism">Ethno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_nationalism" title="Racial nationalism">Racial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palingenetic_ultranationalism" title="Palingenetic ultranationalism">Palingenetic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_nationalism" title="Revolutionary nationalism">Revolutionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultranationalism" title="Ultranationalism">Ultra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Man_(utopian_concept)#Fascist" title="New Man (utopian concept)">New Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Order_(Nazism)" title="New Order (Nazism)">New Order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-party_state" title="One-party state">One-party state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Populism" title="Populism">Populism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_in_Nazi_Germany" title="Propaganda in Nazi Germany">Propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prussianism" title="Prussianism">Prussianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_policy_of_Nazi_Germany" title="Racial policy of Nazi Germany">Racism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">Antisemitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Slavic_sentiment" title="Anti-Slavic sentiment">Anti-Slavic sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aryan_race#Nazism_and_Neo-Nazism" title="Aryan race">Aryan race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aryanism" title="Aryanism">Aryanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master_race" title="Master race">Master race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordicism" title="Nordicism">Nordicism</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Rassenschande" title="Rassenschande">Rassenschande</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Untermenschen" class="mw-redirect" title="Untermenschen">Untermenschen</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lkisch_equality" title="Völkisch equality">Völkisch equality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lkisch_movement" title="Völkisch movement">Völkisch movement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reactionary_modernism" title="Reactionary modernism">Reactionary modernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Romanticism" title="German Romanticism">Romanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Darwinism#Nazism,_eugenics,_fascism,_imperialism" title="Social Darwinism">Social Darwinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_interventionism" title="Social interventionism">Social interventionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_order" title="Social order">Social order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_capitalism" title="State capitalism">State capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syncretic_politics" title="Syncretic politics">Syncretism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Totalitarianism" title="Totalitarianism">Totalitarianism</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Volksgemeinschaft" title="Volksgemeinschaft">Volksgemeinschaft</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Volk_ohne_Raum" title="Volk ohne Raum">Volk ohne Raum</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Volksk%C3%B6rper" title="Volkskörper">Volkskörper</a></i></span></li></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nazi_Party_leaders_and_officials" title="List of Nazi Party leaders and officials">Politicians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="excerpt-block"><div class="excerpt"> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A4the_Bierbaumer" title="Käthe Bierbaumer">Bierbaumer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Julius_Bloem" title="Walter Julius Bloem">Bloem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Bormann" title="Martin Bormann">Bormann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Daluege" title="Kurt Daluege">Daluege</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_D%C3%B6nitz" title="Karl Dönitz">Dönitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Drexler" title="Anton Drexler">Drexler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Eichmann" title="Adolf Eichmann">Eichmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Esser" title="Hermann Esser">Esser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugen_Fischer" title="Eugen Fischer">Fischer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Frank" title="Hans Frank">Frank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Frick" title="Wilhelm Frick">Frick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Hess" title="Rudolf Hess">Hess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Heydrich" title="Reinhard Heydrich">Heydrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Himmler" title="Heinrich Himmler">Himmler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Hitler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Goebbels" title="Joseph Goebbels">Goebbels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_G%C3%B6ring" title="Hermann Göring">Göring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Keller" title="Carlos Keller">Keller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Lammers" title="Hans Lammers">Lammers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Lutze" title="Viktor Lutze">Lutze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unity_Mitford" title="Unity Mitford">Mitford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_von_Neurath" title="Konstantin von Neurath">von Neurath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidkun_Quisling#Head_of_the_government" title="Vidkun Quisling">Quisling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_von_Ribbentrop" title="Joachim von Ribbentrop">von Ribbentrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_R%C3%B6hm" title="Ernst Röhm">Röhm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Schacht#Involvement_with_the_NSDAP_(Nazi_Party)_and_government" title="Hjalmar Schacht">Schacht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baldur_von_Schirach" title="Baldur von Schirach">von Schirach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gertrud_Scholtz-Klink" title="Gertrud Scholtz-Klink">Scholtz-Klink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Seldte" title="Franz Seldte">Seldte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Seyss-Inquart" title="Arthur Seyss-Inquart">Seyss-Inquart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Speer" title="Albert Speer">Speer</a></li> <li>Strasser (Gregor)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Strasser" title="Otto Strasser">Strasser (Otto)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Streicher" title="Julius Streicher">Streicher</a></li></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Nazis" title="Category:Nazis">Ideologues</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="excerpt-block"><div class="excerpt"> <li>Pre-<i>Machtergreifung</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Moritz_Arndt" title="Ernst Moritz Arndt">Arndt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile-Louis_Burnouf" title="Émile-Louis Burnouf">Burnouf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Stewart_Chamberlain" title="Houston Stewart Chamberlain">Chamberlain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Drumont" title="Édouard Drumont">Drumont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dietrich_Eckart" title="Dietrich Eckart">Eckart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodor_Fritsch" title="Theodor Fritsch">Fritsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_de_Gobineau" title="Arthur de Gobineau">de Gobineau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Grant" title="Madison Grant">Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_Lanz_von_Liebenfels" title="Jörg Lanz von Liebenfels">von Liebenfels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guido_von_List" title="Guido von List">von List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_L%C3%B6ns#Reception_in_National_Socialist_Germany" title="Hermann Löns">Löns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Lueger" title="Karl Lueger">Lueger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Marr" title="Wilhelm Marr">Marr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influence_and_reception_of_Friedrich_Nietzsche#Nietzsche_and_fascism" title="Influence and reception of Friedrich Nietzsche">Nietzsche</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Contentious)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Ratzel#Writings" title="Friedrich Ratzel">Ratzel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Heinrich_Riehl" title="Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl">Riehl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ruskin#Politics_and_critique_of_political_economy" title="John Ruskin">Ruskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner#Views" title="Richard Wagner">Wagner</a></li></ul></li> <ul><li>Post-<i>Machtergreifung</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Anacker" title="Heinrich Anacker">Anacker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Baeumler" title="Alfred Baeumler">Baeumler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Bergmann_(philosopher)" title="Ernst Bergmann (philosopher)">Bergmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred-Ingemar_Berndt" title="Alfred-Ingemar Berndt">Berndt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Walther_Darr%C3%A9" title="Richard Walther Darré">Darré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Eggers" title="Kurt Eggers">Eggers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walther_Eichrodt" title="Walther Eichrodt">Eichrodt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gottfried_Feder" title="Gottfried Feder">Feder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Ford#Antisemitism_and_The_Dearborn_Independent" title="Henry Ford">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Grimm" title="Hans Grimm">Grimm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_F._K._G%C3%BCnther" title="Hans F. K. Günther">Günther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakob_Wilhelm_Hauer" title="Jakob Wilhelm Hauer">Hauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Haushofer" title="Karl Haushofer">Haushofer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Heidegger_and_Nazism" title="Martin Heidegger and Nazism">Heidegger</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Contentious)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willibald_Hentschel" title="Willibald Hentschel">Hentschel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hoche" title="Alfred Hoche">Hoche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amin_al-Husseini#Ties_with_the_Axis_Powers_during_World_War_II" title="Amin al-Husseini">al-Husseini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Jung" title="Rudolf Jung">Jung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Krannhals" title="Paul Krannhals">Krannhals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Krieck" title="Ernst Krieck">Kriek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lindbergh#Antisemitism_and_views_on_race" title="Charles Lindbergh">Lindbergh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_M%C3%BCller" title="Ludwig Müller">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Plenge" title="Johann Plenge">Plenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Rahn" title="Otto Rahn">Rahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Rosenberg" title="Alfred Rosenberg">Rosenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoun_Saadeh" title="Antoun Saadeh">Saadeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Sch%C3%A4fer" title="Ernst Schäfer">Schäfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herman_Schmalenbach" title="Herman Schmalenbach">Schmalenbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Schmitt" title="Carl Schmitt">Schmitt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Contentious)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_von_Sebottendorf" title="Rudolf von Sebottendorf">von Sebottendorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Schwarz_(philosopher)" title="Hermann Schwarz (philosopher)">Schwarz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Stapel" title="Wilhelm Stapel">Stapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giselher_Wirsing" title="Giselher Wirsing">Wirsing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Zimmermann" title="Ferdinand Zimmermann">Zimmermann</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Nazi_war_crimes" title="Category:Nazi war crimes">Atrocities<br /> and war crimes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Aktion_T4" title="Aktion T4">Action T4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_concentration_camps" title="Nazi concentration camps">Nazi concentration camps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extermination_camp" title="Extermination camp">Extermination camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Final_Solution" title="Final Solution">Final Solution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_human_experimentation" title="Nazi human experimentation">Human experimentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_genocide" class="mw-redirect" title="Romani genocide">Romani genocide</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Outside<br />Germany</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="excerpt-block"><div class="excerpt"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nazism_in_the_Americas" title="Nazism in the Americas">Americas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nazism_in_Brazil" title="Nazism in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazism_in_Chile" title="Nazism in Chile">Chile</a></li></ul></li> <li>Europe <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Nazism_in_Greece" title="Template:Nazism in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazism_in_Sweden" title="Nazism in Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Category:Nazi_parties" title="Category:Nazi parties">Parties</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Nazi_Party" title="American Nazi Party">American Nazi Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrow_Cross_Party" title="Arrow Cross Party">Arrow Cross Party (Hungary)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_American_Bund" title="German American Bund">German American Bund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_National_Movement_in_Liechtenstein" title="German National Movement in Liechtenstein">German National Movement in Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasjonal_Samling" title="Nasjonal Samling">Nasjonal Samling (Norway)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Movement_in_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands"><span class="wrap">National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Movement_of_Chile" title="National Socialist Movement of Chile">National Socialist Movement of Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Movement_(United_States)" title="National Socialist Movement (United States)">National Socialist Movement<br />(United States)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Workers%27_Party_of_Denmark" title="National Socialist Workers' Party of Denmark"><span class="wrap">National Socialist Workers' Party of Denmark</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_Resistance_Movement" title="Nordic Resistance Movement">Nordic Resistance Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossewabrandwag" title="Ossewabrandwag">Ossewabrandwag (South Africa)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SUMKA" title="SUMKA">SUMKA (Iran)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Social_Nationalist_Party" title="Syrian Social Nationalist Party">Syrian Social Nationalist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsagaan_Khas" title="Tsagaan Khas">Tsagaan Khas (Mongolia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Union_of_National_Socialists" title="World Union of National Socialists">World Union of National Socialists</a></li></ul></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="excerpt-block"><div class="excerpt"> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Adolf_Hitler" title="Bibliography of Adolf Hitler">Bibliography of Adolf Hitler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nazi_ideologues" title="List of Nazi ideologues">Nazi ideologues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nazi_Party_leaders_and_officials" title="List of Nazi Party leaders and officials">NSDAP leaders and officials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nazis" title="List of Nazis">Nazi Party members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_last_surviving_people_suspected_of_participation_in_Nazi_war_crimes" title="List of last surviving people suspected of participation in Nazi war crimes">Last surviving war crime suspects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nazi_ideologues" title="List of Nazi ideologues">Party ideologues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_speeches_given_by_Adolf_Hitler" title="List of speeches given by Adolf Hitler">Speeches given by Adolf Hitler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_SS_personnel" title="List of SS personnel">SS personnel</a></li></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Role and impact in <br /> German society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazism_and_the_Wehrmacht" title="Nazism and the Wehrmacht">The Wehrmacht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Nazi_Germany" title="Economy of Nazi Germany">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Former_German_nobility_in_the_Nazi_Party" title="Former German nobility in the Nazi Party">Nobility</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related<br />topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="excerpt-block"><div class="excerpt"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Anti-Bolshevist_League#Historical_interpretation" title="Anti-Bolshevist League">Anti-Bolshevist League</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_in_Nazi_Germany" title="Art in Nazi Germany">Art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_architecture" title="Nazi architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazism_and_cinema" title="Nazism and cinema">Cinema</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ats%C4%B1zism" title="Atsızism">Atsızism</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Beefsteak_Nazi" title="Beefsteak Nazi">Beefsteak Nazi</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Nazi_Germany" title="Economy of Nazi Germany">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denordification" title="Denordification">Denordification</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Renordification" title="Renordification">Renordification</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Nazi_Germany" title="Glossary of Nazi Germany">Glossary</a></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Drang_nach_Osten" title="Drang nach Osten">Drang nach Osten</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Generalplan_Ost" title="Generalplan Ost">Generalplan Ost</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_American_Bund" title="German American Bund">German American Bund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horst-Wessel-Lied" title="Horst-Wessel-Lied">Horst-Wessel-Lied</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_views_of_Adolf_Hitler" title="Political views of Adolf Hitler">Political views of Adolf Hitler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_propaganda_and_the_United_Kingdom" title="Nazi propaganda and the United Kingdom">Nazi propaganda and the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_racial_theories" title="Nazi racial theories">Racial theories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorelianism" title="Sorelianism">Sorelianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strasserism" title="Strasserism">Strasserism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Nazi_Germany" title="Women in Nazi Germany">Women</a></li></ul></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><td 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/40171331">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/108395/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJfRGvCtpY6pX6gGwyrKBP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/11861889X">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n83015264">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16163647f">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" 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href="https://libris.kb.se/42gkngfn2wmqmn8">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810554986505606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007274416805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA14075631?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1155821">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd11861889X.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/11861889X">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/084580453">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6378ph6">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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