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id="toc-History_in_North_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History_in_North_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>History in North America</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History_in_North_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Transition_from_quads_to_inline" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transition_from_quads_to_inline"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>Transition from quads to inline</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transition_from_quads_to_inline-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History_in_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History_in_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>History in Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History_in_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Professional_inline_hockey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Professional_inline_hockey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Professional inline hockey</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Professional_inline_hockey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chief_differences_from_ice_hockey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chief_differences_from_ice_hockey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Chief differences from ice hockey</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chief_differences_from_ice_hockey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Equipment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Equipment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Equipment</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Equipment-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Equipment subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Equipment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Skates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Skates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Skates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Skates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_rink" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_rink"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>The rink</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-The_rink-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle The rink subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-The_rink-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Goal_cages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Goal_cages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Goal cages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Goal_cages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Game" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Game"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Game</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Game-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Penalties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penalties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Penalties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penalties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Officials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Officials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Officials</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Officials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tactics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tactics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Tactics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Tactics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Tactics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Tactics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Offensive_tactics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Offensive_tactics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Offensive tactics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Offensive_tactics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deke" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deke"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Deke</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deke-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Fights</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Periods_and_overtime" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Periods_and_overtime"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Periods and overtime</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Periods_and_overtime-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Playing_surface" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Playing_surface"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Playing surface</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Playing_surface-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Variants</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Variants-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Variants subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Variants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Inline_sledge_hockey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inline_sledge_hockey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Inline sledge hockey</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inline_sledge_hockey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Street_hockey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Street_hockey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.2</span> <span>Street hockey</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Street_hockey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Blind_inline_hockey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Blind_inline_hockey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.3</span> <span>Blind inline hockey</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Blind_inline_hockey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sanctioning_bodies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sanctioning_bodies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Sanctioning bodies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sanctioning_bodies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_competitions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_competitions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>International competitions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-International_competitions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle International competitions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-International_competitions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-World" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.1</span> <span>World</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Domestic_competitions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Domestic_competitions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Domestic competitions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Domestic_competitions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Domestic competitions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Domestic_competitions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15.1</span> <span>United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Inline hockey</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%86_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%87%D9%88%D9%83%D9%8A" title="إن لاين هوكي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إن لاين هوكي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoquei_sobre_patins_en_l%C3%ADnia" title="Hoquei sobre patins en línia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hoquei sobre patins en línia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inline_hokej" title="Inline hokej – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Inline hokej" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inlinehockey" title="Inlinehockey – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Inlinehockey" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inlinehockey" title="Inlinehockey – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Inlinehockey" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rullhoki" title="Rullhoki – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rullhoki" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%BD%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B9%CE%BD_%CF%87%CF%8C%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%8A" title="Ινλάιν χόκεϊ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ινλάιν χόκεϊ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hockey_sobre_patines_en_l%C3%ADnea" title="Hockey sobre patines en línea – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hockey sobre patines en línea" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%87%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="اینلاین هاکی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اینلاین هاکی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roller_in_line_hockey" title="Roller in line hockey – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Roller in line hockey" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B8%ED%95%98%ED%82%A4" title="인라인하키 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="인라인하키" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inline_hokej" title="Inline hokej – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Inline hokej" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hockey_in-line" title="Hockey in-line – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Hockey in-line" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%99_%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A8" title="הוקי רולר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הוקי רולר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inline_hokejs" title="Inline hokejs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Inline hokejs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inlinehockey" title="Inlinehockey – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Inlinehockey" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9B%E3%83%83%E3%82%B1%E3%83%BC" title="インラインホッケー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="インラインホッケー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD-%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Инлайн-хоккей – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Инлайн-хоккей" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokej_in-line" title="Hokej in-line – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hokej in-line" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B3quei_em_linha" title="Hóquei em linha – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hóquei em linha" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inline_hokej" title="Inline hokej – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Inline hokej" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inline_hokej" title="Inline hokej – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Inline hokej" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rullakiekko" title="Rullakiekko – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rullakiekko" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inlinehockey" title="Inlinehockey – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Inlinehockey" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inline_hokey" title="Inline hokey – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Inline hokey" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q946171#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Inline_hockey" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Sport discipline</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Roller_hockey_(quad)" title="Roller hockey (quad)">Roller hockey (quad)</a> or <a href="/wiki/International_Inline_Skater_Hockey_Federation#Inline_skater_hockey" 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class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Inline_hockey" title="Special:EditPage/Inline hockey">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Inline+hockey%22">"Inline hockey"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Inline+hockey%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Inline+hockey%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Inline+hockey%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Inline+hockey%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Inline+hockey%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2014</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn" style="padding-bottom:0.2em;">Inline hockey</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Real_inlinehockey_pahalampi_vs_GBGCity.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Real_inlinehockey_pahalampi_vs_GBGCity.jpg/250px-Real_inlinehockey_pahalampi_vs_GBGCity.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Real_inlinehockey_pahalampi_vs_GBGCity.jpg/375px-Real_inlinehockey_pahalampi_vs_GBGCity.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Real_inlinehockey_pahalampi_vs_GBGCity.jpg/500px-Real_inlinehockey_pahalampi_vs_GBGCity.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Inline hockey players</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;">Highest <a href="/wiki/Sports_governing_body" title="Sports governing body">governing body</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/World_Skate" title="World Skate">World Skate</a> and <a href="/wiki/International_Ice_Hockey_Federation" title="International Ice Hockey Federation">International Ice Hockey Federation</a> (former)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;">First played</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">20th century United States</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#eee;">Characteristics</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;">Contact</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Yes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;">Team members</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">5 per side (including goaltender)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Mixed-sex_sports" title="Mixed-sex sports">Mixed-sex</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Yes, separate competitions</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Team_sport" title="Team sport">Team sport</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;">Equipment</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Inline hockey puck</li> <li>hockey stick</li> <li>inline skates</li> <li>hockey helmet</li> <li>elbow pads</li> <li>inline hockey pants</li> <li>jock (or jill for women)</li> <li>shin pads</li> <li>mouth guard</li> <li>hockey jersey</li> <li>hockey gloves</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;">Venue</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Inline_hockey_arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Inline hockey arena">Inline hockey arena</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#eee;">Presence</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;">Country or region</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games">Olympic</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">No</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/World_Games" title="World Games">World Games</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/2005_World_Games" title="2005 World Games">2005</a> – present and <a href="/wiki/2022_World_Games" title="2022 World Games">2022</a> – present</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Inline hockey</b> or <b>roller hockey</b> is a variant of <a href="/wiki/Hockey" title="Hockey">hockey</a> played on a hard, smooth surface, with players using <a href="/wiki/Inline_skates" title="Inline skates">inline skates</a> to move and <a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey_stick" title="Ice hockey stick">ice hockey sticks</a> to shoot a hard, plastic <a href="/wiki/Hockey_puck" title="Hockey puck">puck</a> into their opponent's <a href="/wiki/Goal_(sport)" class="mw-redirect" title="Goal (sport)">goal</a> to score points.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sport is a very fast-paced and free-flowing game and is considered a <a href="/wiki/Contact_sport" title="Contact sport">contact sport</a>, but <a href="/wiki/Checking_(ice_hockey)" title="Checking (ice hockey)">body checking</a> is prohibited. There are five players including the goalkeeper from each team on the rink at a time, while teams normally consist of 16 players.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are professional leagues, one of which is the <a href="/wiki/National_Roller_Hockey_League" title="National Roller Hockey League">National Roller Hockey League</a> (NRHL). While it is not a contact sport, there are exceptions, i.e. the NRHL involves fighting. </p><p>Unlike <a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">ice hockey</a>, there are no blue lines or defensive zones in roller hockey. This means that, according to most rule codes, there are no <a href="/wiki/Offside_(ice_hockey)" title="Offside (ice hockey)">offsides</a> or <a href="/wiki/Icing_(hockey)" class="mw-redirect" title="Icing (hockey)">icings</a> that can occur during gameplay. This along with fewer players on the rink allows for faster gameplay. There are traditionally two 20-minute periods or four 10-minute periods with a stopped clock. </p><p>In the United States, the highest governing body for the sport is <a href="/wiki/USA_Roller_Sports" title="USA Roller Sports">USA Roller Sports</a> (USARS). USARS is credited with the development of the present-day rules and regulations that is used throughout multiple tournament series. They organize tournaments across the United States but they are not the only tournament provider. Some of the other independent tournament providers include <a href="/wiki/Amateur_Athletic_Union" title="Amateur Athletic Union">Amateur Athletic Union</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=North_American_Roller_Championships&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="North American Roller Championships (page does not exist)">North American Roller Championships</a>, and the Torhs 2 Hot 4 Ice tournament series.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Internationally, inline hockey is represented by two different unions, the <a href="/wiki/World_Skate" title="World Skate">World Skate</a> and the <a href="/wiki/International_Ice_Hockey_Federation" title="International Ice Hockey Federation">International Ice Hockey Federation</a> (IIHF). Each organizes its own annual <a href="/wiki/World_championships" class="mw-redirect" title="World championships">world championships</a>. </p><p>Due to the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>, World Skate banned Russian and Belarusian athletes and officials from its competitions, and will not stage any events in Russia or Belarus in 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-autoz_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autoz-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some of the earliest video evidence of the sport is newsreel <a href="/wiki/Footage" title="Footage">footage</a> from the <i><a href="/wiki/Giornale_Luce" class="mw-redirect" title="Giornale Luce">Giornale Luce</a></i> taken in <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> in 1938.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The video shows players using <a href="/wiki/Inline_skates" title="Inline skates">inline skates</a> with five metal wheels and a front wheel brake. Each team has four skaters plus a netminder. They are using <a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">ice hockey</a> sticks, with taped blades, and the goals closely resemble ice hockey goals of the wire-mesh type common in Europe around that time. The game is being played with a ball on a rectangular outdoor court, which appears to be asphalt. </p><p>The exact same footage was used in a newsreel produced by <a href="/wiki/British_Path%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="British Pathé">British Pathé</a> in 1938.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History_in_North_America">History in North America</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History in North America"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the United States, the <a href="/wiki/USA_Roller_Sports" title="USA Roller Sports">USA Roller Sports</a> (USARS) predecessor organization was the Roller Skating Rink Operators Association (RSROA). In 1940, the RSROA published a set of <a href="/wiki/Roller_hockey" title="Roller hockey">roller hockey</a> rules drawn from a booklet by the <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a> (NHL) which was designed to grow interest in playing <a href="/wiki/Hockey" title="Hockey">hockey</a> on <a href="/wiki/Roller_skates" title="Roller skates">roller skates</a>. However, because of the intervention of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the organization of roller hockey <a href="/wiki/Tournament" title="Tournament">tournaments</a> did not receive significant development until after this war in the late 1940s. At first skating club interest was confined to the northern tier of the United States, including the bordering <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canadian</a> cities. Puck roller hockey's spread in popularity during that period was helped along by the attention of local commercial television, which was getting its start and in desperate need for events to fill air time. The increased interest in the sport led in 1959 to the selection of a National Puck Hockey Committee to formulate special rules for the performance of puck hockey in the variety of rink sizes available to roller skates. The American Roller Hockey Association (ARHA) was formed with Joe Spillman, a roller rink operator from <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="San Antonio, Texas">San Antonio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> as its first Commissioner. Under Spillman's direction, the sport of hockey on roller skates grew rapidly throughout the United States. </p><p>During the 1960 RSROA National Roller Skating Championships held in <a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a>, exhibition games for ball and puck roller hockey were held. Following these Nationals, the first full competitive season officially began in North America for roller hockey. This, of course, had puck roller hockey entirely performed on quad skates, for at that time there were no <a href="/wiki/Inline_skates" title="Inline skates">inline skates</a> available. State and regional competitions determined the teams that would move on to the North American Championships. </p><p>In 1962, at <a href="/wiki/Pershing_Auditorium" class="mw-redirect" title="Pershing Auditorium">Pershing Auditorium</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lincoln,_Nebraska" title="Lincoln, Nebraska">Lincoln</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a>, both ball and puck hockey were part of the North American Championships. The Arcadia Wildcats from <a href="/wiki/Detroit,_Michigan" class="mw-redirect" title="Detroit, Michigan">Detroit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a>, defeated the <a href="/wiki/Van_Wert,_Ohio" title="Van Wert, Ohio">Van Wert</a> Chiefs 3–1, becoming the first puck hockey national champions on quad skates.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Inline_skates" title="Inline skates">Inline skates</a> were not commercially available during that era. </p><p>On 1 September 1965, during their semi-annual board meeting, the RSROA installed puck hockey as an equal and separate division of roller hockey, which included ball hockey, a format most popular in Europe and South America. It was decided that both ball and puck hockey would compete under the same rules and award separate gold medal winners. Budd Van Roekel, RSROA president, was quoted in the January 1965 issue of <i>Skate Magazine</i>, </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>We believe this move will spark further growth of our roller hockey program. While we recognize the popularity of the international ball-and-cane version of hockey, we also realize that thousands of potential United States and Canadian players are more familiar with the Canadian stick-and-puck type sport. We see no reason why the two versions of the sport cannot grow side by side.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Budd Van Roekel, Roller Skating Rink Operators Association president (RSROA), <i>Skate Magazine</i> (1965)</cite></div></blockquote> <p>The 1966 North American Championships marked the return of puck hockey after a four-year hiatus. The final game was a nail biter and the crowd appreciated the fast pace and excitement of puck hockey. The final game was between the Canadians of <a href="/wiki/Windsor,_Ontario" title="Windsor, Ontario">Windsor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> and the Wildcats of Detroit, Michigan, the defending champions from 1962. The score seesawed between the two teams and was finally decided in favor of the Canadians with a final score of 5 to 3. The win gave the Canadian team their only gold medal for the whole North American Championships. One Canadian team player was quoted in the 1966 Fall issue of <i>Skate Magazine</i>, "We simply had to win the (puck) hockey championships, otherwise our fathers wouldn't allow us to return home." Another milestone occurred for puck roller hockey in 1977, when the North American Puck Hockey Championship was held in a venue away from ball hockey for the first time. The 1977 puck championships were staged in <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> to large crowds and a great amount of publicity, as fourteen newspapers and television stations covered the event. The year 1977 was also a milestone for women with this championship marking the debut of a women's hockey national championship. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Transition_from_quads_to_inline">Transition from quads to inline</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Transition from quads to inline"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The very first inline roller hockey team to earn a USA National Championship title did so at a USA Roller Sports (USARS) National Championship held in <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a> in July 1993. At the previous 1992 USARS National Championships, also staged in San Diego, the San Diego Hosers won the Senior Gold Division title wearing their customary quad roller skates. As of that time, the Hosers manager/coach Paul Chapey felt that while <a href="/wiki/Inline_skates" title="Inline skates">inline skates</a> were obviously faster, the advantage was to quad skates because of their assumed greater maneuverability. Some teams and individual players at the 1992 Nationals had been equipped with inline skates, but perhaps had not yet mastered their new vehicles. During the ensuing year, Paul Chapey became an inline convert and the San Diego Hosers came back to the USAC/RS Nationals in 1993 entirely on inline skates and recaptured their national title. This significant event took place at least a year before all the other major roller inline hockey organizations were even in existence, including <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Inline_Hockey_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Inline Hockey Association (page does not exist)">National Inline Hockey Association</a> (NIHA), <a href="/w/index.php?title=USA_Hockey_InLine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USA Hockey InLine (page does not exist)">USA Hockey InLine</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=North_American_Roller_Hockey_Championships&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="North American Roller Hockey Championships (page does not exist)">North American Roller Hockey Championships</a> (NARCh) and <a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Inline_Roller_Hockey_Series&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="American Inline Roller Hockey Series (page does not exist)">American Inline Roller Hockey Series</a> (AIRHS). </p><p>USA Roller Sports, under the auspices of <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_Internationale_de_Roller_Sports" title="Fédération Internationale de Roller Sports">Fédération Internationale de Roller Sports</a> (FIRS), established and hosted the first <a href="/wiki/FIRS_Senior_Men%27s_Inline_Hockey_World_Championships" class="mw-redirect" title="FIRS Senior Men's Inline Hockey World Championships">World Inline Roller Hockey Championships for men</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Odeum_Expo_Center" title="Odeum Expo Center">Odeum Arena</a> in <a href="/wiki/Villa_Park,_Illinois" title="Villa Park, Illinois">Villa Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> (a suburb of <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>) in 1995. USA Roller Sports established the first Inline Hockey World Championships for Juniors, again in Chicago in 1996, following the USA National Championships. The first World Inline Hockey Championships for Women occurred under sponsorship of USA Roller Sports in <a href="/wiki/Rochester,_New_York" title="Rochester, New York">Rochester</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> in 2002. Since the introduction of these events, FIRS National Federations around the world have annually perpetuated inline world championships. USA (Ice) Hockey and <a href="/wiki/International_Ice_Hockey_Federation" title="International Ice Hockey Federation">International Ice Hockey Federation</a> (IIHF) began their men's <a href="/wiki/IIHF_InLine_Hockey_World_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="IIHF InLine Hockey World Championship">InLine Hockey World Championship</a> in 1996, after the first such world championship by FIRS and has yet to organize a women's inline hockey world tournament or one for juniors. </p><p>In March 2002, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Olympic_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Olympic Committee">United States Olympic Committee</a> (USOC) Membership and Credentials Committee officially reaffirmed that USA Roller Sports as the governing body for inline hockey in the United States, which continues to this day. This determination was based on a conclusion by the USOC that internationally the sport of inline hockey is recognized as a discipline of roller sports. Then, as now, USA Roller Sports is a member in good standing of Federation International de Roller Sports ("FIRS"), the international federation for roller sports as recognized by the International Olympic Committee, and FIRS is also recognized by the <a href="/wiki/Pan_American_Sports_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Pan American Sports Organization">Pan American Sports Organization</a> (PASO) as the controlling international federation for inline hockey, a sport of the <a href="/wiki/Pan_American_Games" title="Pan American Games">Pan American Games</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History_in_Europe">History in Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: History in Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Skf-speedy-inline-skates.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Skf-speedy-inline-skates.jpg/220px-Skf-speedy-inline-skates.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Skf-speedy-inline-skates.jpg/330px-Skf-speedy-inline-skates.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Skf-speedy-inline-skates.jpg/440px-Skf-speedy-inline-skates.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4474" data-file-height="2925" /></a><figcaption>SKF-Speedy, 1978</figcaption></figure> <p>For training purposes especially for hockey players, inline skates were produced in small quantities by several companies which were in fact modified ice skates, one of them was the "Speedy" by <a href="/wiki/SKF" title="SKF">SKF</a> which was available also with hockey-wheels. This changed when mass-produced inline skates from the USA were available in the early 1990s. In the mid-1990s first leagues started. </p><p>Inline roller hockey was introduced to the <a href="/wiki/World_Games" title="World Games">World Games</a> for the first time in 2005, an <a href="/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee" title="International Olympic Committee">International Olympic Committee</a> (IOC) sanctioned event under the jurisdiction of the <a href="/wiki/International_World_Games_Association" title="International World Games Association">International World Games Association</a> (IWGA), an affiliate of the <a href="/wiki/General_Association_of_International_Sports_Federations" class="mw-redirect" title="General Association of International Sports Federations">General Association of International Sports Federations</a> (GAISF). The <a href="/wiki/United_States_men%27s_national_inline_hockey_team" title="United States men's national inline hockey team">United States</a> won the gold medal, with <a href="/wiki/Canada_men%27s_national_inline_hockey_team" title="Canada men's national inline hockey team">Canada</a> taking the Silver and <a href="/wiki/Switzerland_men%27s_national_inline_hockey_team" title="Switzerland men's national inline hockey team">Switzerland</a> the bronze medal. Inline roller hockey replaced <a href="/wiki/Rink_hockey" class="mw-redirect" title="Rink hockey">rink hockey</a> (ball and cane) on the World Games program for <a href="/wiki/Duisburg" title="Duisburg">Duisburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> at the 2005 quadrennial World Games. Rink roller hockey had been part of the World Games since its first organization in 1979 at <a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara,_California" title="Santa Clara, California">Santa Clara</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, as have the other disciplines of <a href="/wiki/Roller_sports" title="Roller sports">roller sports</a>. </p><p>During the General Assembly of the IWGA, which took place in <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a> on 14 May 2003, the IWGA unanimously agreed that inline roller hockey was the responsibility of FIRS and that this variant form of roller hockey would be included on the program of the 2005 World Games in place of the previous format. This same scenario had previously played out before the Pan American Sports Organization in 1999, when inline hockey made its first appearance at the Pan American Games in Canada, and repeated again four years later in the <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a>. PASO extends continued recognition of the inline hockey under the jurisdiction of FIRS. (sub to PAPA H) </p><p>Due to the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>, World Skate banned Russian and Belarusian athletes and officials from its competitions, and will not stage any events in Russia or Belarus in 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-autoz_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autoz-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Professional_inline_hockey">Professional inline hockey</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Professional inline hockey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/National_Roller_Hockey_League" title="National Roller Hockey League">National Roller Hockey League</a> is a professional league, founded in 2014. The NRHL began its inaugural season 20 February 2015. The NRHL games consist of 3 15-minute periods, with 10 minute intermissions. It differs from professional ice hockey with rules including no <a href="/wiki/Offside_(ice_hockey)" title="Offside (ice hockey)">offsides</a>, and no icing. The NRHL permits fighting, with a 5-minute major penalty assessed to the combatants. The players in the NRHL pay nothing to play, with compensation opportunities available in the inaugural season. Players were paid a per game basis in the second season of the NRHL, based on a win or loss. The players were paid double for a win than a loss. The Detroit Bordercats won the inaugural Commissioner's Cup. The Bordercats repeated as Commissioner's Cup champions for the second season. The NRHL is expanding its role as a professional league in the summer of 2020. The NRHL will have franchises located throughout the United States and/or Canada in arenas with a minimum stadium seating capacity of 3,000. The season will operate from May through August.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>MLRH (Major League Roller Hockey), is played in the United States and Europe. It consists of East and West Coast divisions, and the season is played from October to March with finals being held in either Europe or the USA. This is the only full check inline league in the world and it has a $10,000 championship purse. It has similar rules as the NHL, with some exceptions and only having two 17 min periods and in the "Super" League, 4 x 12 minute quarters. MLRH has offside and icing rules as well as allowing players to have a single fight per game. </p><p>The French <i>Ligue Elite</i> is a professional league in Europe. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chief_differences_from_ice_hockey">Chief differences from ice hockey</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Chief differences from ice hockey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Inline-Hockey_Puck.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Inline-Hockey_Puck.jpg/220px-Inline-Hockey_Puck.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Inline-Hockey_Puck.jpg/330px-Inline-Hockey_Puck.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Inline-Hockey_Puck.jpg/440px-Inline-Hockey_Puck.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1440" /></a><figcaption>Inline-Hockey Puck</figcaption></figure> <p>Although inline hockey appears to simply be ice hockey on inline skates, this singular difference reflects throughout the rest of the game, resulting in important differences between the two sports. </p><p>Inline hockey is typically played at room temperature on a surface that, rather than being made from (frozen) water, is kept dry to protect the bearings in the skate wheels. Several surface materials are used, including plastic tiles (sometimes known as sport-court flooring), wood, and sealed concrete; in general, surfaces try to balance the ability of wheels to grip against the ability of the puck to slide freely. None of these surfaces, however, is as smooth as ice; as a result, the puck is made of a much lighter plastic material, and rests on small nylon or poly-plastic nubs to reduce friction with the rink surface. </p><p>Besides these equipment differences, inline hockey uses less physical contact in comparison to ice hockey. Most leagues punish fighting harshly, and body <a href="/wiki/Checking_(hockey)" class="mw-redirect" title="Checking (hockey)">checking</a> is usually ruled a penalty. Inline hockey leagues generally require players to wear full face masks, but otherwise, players tend to wear lighter clothes and less protective padding. </p><p>Important differences in game rules also exist. Each inline hockey team fields only four skaters and one goaltender (5 players) rather than ice hockey's five skaters and one goaltender (six players). Many leagues do not stop play for <a href="/wiki/Icing_(ice_hockey)" title="Icing (ice hockey)">icing</a>. <a href="/wiki/Offside_(ice_hockey)" title="Offside (ice hockey)">Offside</a> rules are generally looser as well; originally, a few leagues would call offside only on the center line, presently, every rule book omits the rule entirely. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Equipment">Equipment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Equipment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Inline_hockey_SVK_14.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Inline_hockey_SVK_14.jpg/220px-Inline_hockey_SVK_14.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Inline_hockey_SVK_14.jpg/330px-Inline_hockey_SVK_14.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Inline_hockey_SVK_14.jpg/440px-Inline_hockey_SVK_14.jpg 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="1265" /></a><figcaption>Most protective equipment is similar to that used in <a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">ice hockey</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Inline hockey is a contact sport. Although body checks are usually not allowed, injuries can still be a common occurrence. Protective equipment is highly recommended and is enforced in all competitive situations. This usually includes a helmet (cage worn if certain age), elbow pads, protective gloves, athletic cup, shin pads, and skates at the very least. In addition, goaltenders use different gear, (optionally) a neck guard, chest/arm protector, blocker, catch glove, and leg pads. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Skates">Skates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Skates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Good skates are stiffer and lighter and also have better bearings. Inline hockey-skates are similar to icehockey-skates, the main difference between ice and inline is the chassis and the wheels. Hockey equipment manufacturers such as Bauer and CCM offer parallel models of ice skates, but there are also inline hockey brands, including Mission, Tour and Labeda. </p><p>Most inline hockey skates had have a chassis with 4 identical wheels on each boot in 72, 76 or 80 mm diameter, or the "Hi-Lo" configuration of two low wheels in front and two higher rear, this was patented on 12 July 1996 by Jon G Wong in the US and marketed by Mission. There is also a chassis with a "Tri-Di" option, which allows three wheel sizes to be mounted on a chassis, in the configuration 80-76-76-72 mm. Inline Hockey wheels are much softer than road wheels, and therefore have more abrasion. The softest are used for soft surfaces like gym floors or interlocking plastic tiles, harder are used for surfaces such as asphalt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_rink">The rink</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: The rink"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The area where Inline hockey is played in known as a "rink". It consists of a playing surface that is surrounded by a boundary (commonly referred to as "dasher boards"), that is designed to separate the players from the spectators as well as to keep the puck in play. The playing surface is made of sport tile, wood, asphalt or cement and marked with special lines that help the referees officiate the game according to the official rules. </p><p>The recommended size of the rink can vary between 40m and 60m in length and 20m and 30m in width. In Germany the old standard was 40m x 20m which changed to 50m x 25m but also the ice hockey standard of 61m x 30.5m (200×100 ft) is used. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Goal_cages">Goal cages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Goal cages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One of the most fundamental differences between the IIHF and World Skate-sanctioned versions of inline hockey lies within the dimensions of the net. The IIHF simply retains the use of ice hockey nets. However the World Skate rulebook substitutes the traditional ice hockey cage for a lower and narrower model patterned after the one used in <a href="/wiki/Rink_hockey" class="mw-redirect" title="Rink hockey">rink hockey</a>, the World Skates' flagship sport, however most World Skate leagues in the United States and Canada opt for the more popular and common ice hockey nets. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Game">Game</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Game"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Juego_entre_Letonia_y_Rep%C3%BAblica_Checa_-_World_Games_2013.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Juego_entre_Letonia_y_Rep%C3%BAblica_Checa_-_World_Games_2013.JPG/220px-Juego_entre_Letonia_y_Rep%C3%BAblica_Checa_-_World_Games_2013.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Juego_entre_Letonia_y_Rep%C3%BAblica_Checa_-_World_Games_2013.JPG/330px-Juego_entre_Letonia_y_Rep%C3%BAblica_Checa_-_World_Games_2013.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Juego_entre_Letonia_y_Rep%C3%BAblica_Checa_-_World_Games_2013.JPG/440px-Juego_entre_Letonia_y_Rep%C3%BAblica_Checa_-_World_Games_2013.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption>An international match between Latvia and Czech Republic</figcaption></figure> <p>While the general characteristics of the game are the same wherever it is played, the exact rules depend on the particular code of play being used. The most important code is that of the <a href="/wiki/Comit%C3%A9_International_Roller_In-Line_Hockey" class="mw-redirect" title="Comité International Roller In-Line Hockey">Comité International Roller In-Line Hockey</a> (CIRILH), an organization and discipline of the <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_Internationale_de_Roller_Sports" title="Fédération Internationale de Roller Sports">Fédération Internationale de Roller Sports</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Inline hockey is played on an <i><a href="/wiki/Inline_hockey_rink" class="mw-redirect" title="Inline hockey rink">inline hockey rink</a></i>. During normal play, there are five players per side on the floor at any time, one of them being the <a href="/wiki/Goaltender" title="Goaltender">goaltender</a>, each of whom is on <i>inline hockey skates</i>. The objective of the game is to score <i><a href="/wiki/Goal_(ice_hockey)" title="Goal (ice hockey)">goals</a></i> by shooting a hard <a href="/wiki/Plastic" title="Plastic">plastic</a> disc, the <i>puck</i>, into the opponent's goal net, which is placed at the opposite end of the rink. The players may control the puck using a long <a href="/wiki/Hockey_stick" title="Hockey stick">stick</a> with a blade that is commonly curved at one end. </p><p>Players may also redirect the puck with any part of their bodies, subject to certain restrictions. Players may not hold the puck in their hand and are prohibited from using their hands to pass the puck to their teammates, unless they are in the defensive zone. Players are also prohibited from kicking the puck into the opponent's goal, though unintentional redirections off the skate are permitted. Players may not intentionally bat the puck into the net with their hands. </p><p>The four players other than the goaltender are typically divided into two forwards and two defencemen. The <i><a href="/wiki/Forward_(ice_hockey)" title="Forward (ice hockey)">forward</a></i> positions consist of a <i><a href="/wiki/Center_(ice_hockey)" class="mw-redirect" title="Center (ice hockey)">center</a></i> and a <i><a href="/wiki/Winger_(ice_hockey)" title="Winger (ice hockey)">winger</a></i>. The <i><a href="/wiki/Defenceman_(ice_hockey)" class="mw-redirect" title="Defenceman (ice hockey)">defencemen</a></i> usually stay together as a pair generally divided between left and right. A substitution of an entire unit at once is called a <i>line change</i>. Teams typically employ alternate sets of forward lines and defensive pairings when <i><a href="/wiki/Shorthanded" class="mw-redirect" title="Shorthanded">shorthanded</a></i> or on a <i><a href="/wiki/Power_play_(sporting_term)" class="mw-redirect" title="Power play (sporting term)">power play</a></i>. Substitutions are permitted at any time during the course of the game, although during a stoppage of play the home team is permitted the final change. When players are substituted during play, it is called changing <i>on the fly</i>. </p><p>The boards surrounding the floor help keep the puck in play and they can also be used as tools to play the puck. Players are not permitted to "<a href="/wiki/Bodycheck" class="mw-redirect" title="Bodycheck">bodycheck</a>" opponents into the boards as a means of stopping progress. The referees and the outsides of the goal are "in play" and do not cause a stoppage of the game when the puck or players are influenced (by either bouncing or colliding) into them. Play can be stopped if the goal is knocked out of position. Play often proceeds for minutes without interruption. When play is stopped, it is restarted with a <i><a href="/wiki/Faceoff" class="mw-redirect" title="Faceoff">faceoff</a></i>. Two players "face" each other and an official drops the puck to the floor, where the two players attempt to gain control of the puck. Markings on the floor indicate the locations for the "<a href="/wiki/Faceoff" class="mw-redirect" title="Faceoff">faceoff</a>" and guide the positioning of players. </p><p>There is one major rule of play in inline hockey that limit the movement of the puck: the puck going out of play. The puck goes "out of play" whenever it goes past the perimeter of the rink (Onto the player benches, over the "glass," or onto the protective netting above the glass) and a stoppage of play is called by the officials using whistles. It also does not matter if the puck comes back onto the playing surface from those areas as the puck is considered dead once it leaves the perimeter of the rink. </p><p>Under FIRS rules, each team may carry a maximum of 14 players and two goaltenders on their roster. The players are usually divided into three lines of two forwards, two pairs of defenceman, and two extra skaters. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Penalties">Penalties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Penalties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Penalty_(ice_hockey)" title="Penalty (ice hockey)">Penalty (ice hockey)</a></div> <p>For most penalties, the offending player is sent to the "<a href="/wiki/Penalty_box" title="Penalty box">penalty box</a>" and his team has to play with one less skater for a short amount of time. <i>Minor</i> penalties last for two minutes, <i>major</i> penalties last for five minutes, and a <i>double minor</i> penalty is two <i>consecutive</i> penalties of two minutes duration. A single <i>Minor</i> penalty may be extended by a further two minutes for drawing blood from the victimized player. The team that has taken the penalty is said to be playing <i><a href="/wiki/Shorthanded" class="mw-redirect" title="Shorthanded">shorthanded</a></i> while the other team is on a <a href="/wiki/Power_play_(sport)" class="mw-redirect" title="Power play (sport)">power play</a>. </p><p>A two-minute <i>minor penalty</i> is often called for lesser infractions such as <a href="/wiki/Tripping_(ice_hockey)" title="Tripping (ice hockey)">tripping</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elbow_(strike)" title="Elbow (strike)">elbowing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roughing" title="Roughing">roughing</a>, <a href="/wiki/High-sticking" title="High-sticking">high-sticking</a>, <a href="/wiki/Delay_of_game" title="Delay of game">delay of the game</a>, <a href="/wiki/Too_many_men" title="Too many men">too many players on the rink</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boarding_(ice_hockey)" title="Boarding (ice hockey)">boarding</a>, illegal equipment, holding, interference, <a href="/wiki/Hooking_(ice_hockey)" title="Hooking (ice hockey)">hooking</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slashing_(ice_hockey)" class="mw-redirect" title="Slashing (ice hockey)">slashing</a>, butt-ending (striking an opponent with the knob of the stick—a very rare penalty) Or <a href="/wiki/Cross-checking" title="Cross-checking">cross-checking</a>. A minor is also assessed for <a href="/wiki/Diving_(ice_hockey)" title="Diving (ice hockey)">diving</a>, where a player embellishes a hook or trip. More egregious fouls may be penalized by a four-minute <i>double-minor</i> penalty, particularly those which cause injury to the victimized player. These penalties end either when the time runs out or the other team scores on the power play. In the case of a goal scored during the first two minutes of a double-minor, the penalty clock is set down to two minutes upon a score effectively expiring the first minor penalty. Five-minute <i>major penalties</i> are called for especially violent instances of most minor infractions that result in intentional injury to an opponent, or when a "minor" penalty results in visible injury (such as bleeding), as well as for fighting. Major penalties are always served in full; they do not terminate on a goal scored by the other team. </p><p>Some varieties of penalties do not always require the offending team to play a man short. Concurrent five-minute major penalties in the FIRS usually result from fighting. In the case of two players being assessed five-minute fighting majors, they both serve five minutes without their team incurring a loss of player (both teams still have a full complement of players on the floor). This differs with two players from opposing sides getting minor penalties, at the same time or at any intersecting moment, resulting from more common infractions. In that case, both teams will have only three skating players (not counting the goaltender) until one or both penalties expire (if one expires before the other, the opposing team gets a power play for the remainder); this applies regardless of current pending penalties, though in the FIRS, a team always has at least two skaters on the rink. Ten-minute <i>misconduct</i> penalties are served in full by the penalized player, but his team may immediately substitute another player on the floor <i>unless</i> a minor or major penalty is assessed in conjunction with the misconduct (a <i>two-and-ten</i> or <i>five-and-ten</i>). In that case, the team designates another player to serve the minor or major; both players go to the penalty box, but only the designee may not be replaced, and he is released upon the expiration of the two or five minutes, at which point the ten-minute misconduct begins. In addition, <i>game misconducts</i> are assessed for deliberate intent to inflict severe injury on an opponent (at the officials' discretion), or for a major penalty for a stick infraction or repeated major penalties. The offending player is ejected from the game and must immediately leave the playing surface (he does not sit in the penalty box); meanwhile, if a minor or major is assessed in addition, a designated player must serve out that segment of the penalty in the box (similar to the above-mentioned "two-and-ten"). In some rare cases, a player may receive up to nineteen minutes in penalties for one string of plays. This could involve receiving a four-minute double minor penalty, getting in a fight with an opposing player who retaliates, and then receiving a game misconduct after the fight. In this case, the player is ejected and two teammates must serve the double-minor and major penalties. </p><p>A player who is tripped, or illegally obstructed in some way, by an opponent on a <i><a href="/wiki/Breakaway_(ice_hockey)" title="Breakaway (ice hockey)">breakaway</a></i> – when there are no defenders except the goaltender between him and the opponent's goal – is awarded a <i><a href="/wiki/Penalty_shot_(ice_hockey)" title="Penalty shot (ice hockey)">penalty shot</a></i>, an attempt to score without opposition from any defenders except the goaltender. A penalty shot is also awarded for a defender other than the goaltender covering the puck in the goal crease, a goaltender intentionally displacing his own goal posts during a breakaway to avoid a goal, a defender intentionally displacing his own goal posts when there is less than two minutes to play in regulation time or at any point during overtime, or a player or coach intentionally throwing a stick or other object at the puck or the puck carrier and the throwing action disrupts a shot or pass play. </p><p>Officials also stop play for puck movement violations, such as using one's hands to pass the puck in the offensive end, but no players are penalized for these offenses. The sole exceptions are deliberately falling on or gathering the puck to the body, carrying the puck in the hand, and shooting the puck out of play in one's defensive zone (all penalized two minutes for delay of game). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Officials">Officials</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Officials"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Official_(ice_hockey)" title="Official (ice hockey)">Official (ice hockey)</a></div> <p>A typical game of inline hockey has two <i><a href="/wiki/Official_(ice_hockey)" title="Official (ice hockey)">officials</a></i> on the floor, charged with enforcing the rules of the game. There are typically two <i>referees</i> who call goals and penalties. Due to not having <a href="/wiki/Offside_(ice_hockey)" title="Offside (ice hockey)">offside</a> and <a href="/wiki/Icing_(ice_hockey)" title="Icing (ice hockey)">icing</a> violations, there usually are no <i>linesmen</i> used. On-ice officials are assisted by off-ice officials who act as time keepers, and official scorers. </p><p>Officials are selected by the league for which they work. Amateur hockey leagues use guidelines established by national organizing bodies as a basis for choosing their officiating staffs. In North America, the national organizing bodies <a href="/wiki/USA_Roller_Sports" title="USA Roller Sports">USA Roller Sports</a> and Canada Inline approve officials according to their experience level as well as their ability to pass rules knowledge and skating ability tests. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tactics">Tactics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Tactics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Offensive_tactics">Offensive tactics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Offensive tactics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Shot_(hockey)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shot (hockey)">Shot (hockey)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slapshot" title="Slapshot">Slapshot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wrist_shot" title="Wrist shot">Wrist shot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Snap_shot_(ice_hockey)" title="Snap shot (ice hockey)">Snap shot (ice hockey)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Backhand_slapshot" class="mw-redirect" title="Backhand slapshot">Backhand slapshot</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Extra_attacker" title="Extra attacker">Extra attacker</a></div> <p>Offensive tactics include improving a team's position on the floor by advancing the puck towards the opponent's goal. FIRS rules have no <a href="/wiki/Offside_(ice_hockey)" title="Offside (ice hockey)">offside</a> or <a href="/wiki/Two-line_pass" class="mw-redirect" title="Two-line pass">two-line passes</a>. A player may pass the puck to a player on any spot on the floor. Offensive tactics, are designed ultimately to score a goal by taking a shot. When a player purposely directs the puck towards the opponent's goal, he or she is said to "shoot" the puck. </p><p>A <i>deflection</i> is a shot which redirects a shot or a pass towards the goal from another player, by allowing the puck to strike the stick and carom towards the goal. A <i>one-timer</i> is a shot which is struck directly off a pass, without receiving the pass and shooting in two separate actions. <i>Headmanning the puck</i>, also known as <i>cherry-picking, the stretch pass or</i> <i>breaking out</i>, is the tactic of rapidly passing to the player farthest down the floor. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:InlineHockeyFaceoff_Brazil.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/InlineHockeyFaceoff_Brazil.jpg/220px-InlineHockeyFaceoff_Brazil.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/InlineHockeyFaceoff_Brazil.jpg/330px-InlineHockeyFaceoff_Brazil.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/InlineHockeyFaceoff_Brazil.jpg/440px-InlineHockeyFaceoff_Brazil.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3072" /></a><figcaption>Two Brazilian players getting ready for a faceoff during practice</figcaption></figure> <p>A team that is losing by one or two goals in the last few minutes of play will often elect to <i>pull the goalie</i>; that is, remove the goaltender and replace him or her with an <i><a href="/wiki/Extra_attacker" title="Extra attacker">extra attacker</a></i> on the floor in the hope of gaining enough advantage to score a goal. However, it is an act of desperation, as it sometimes leads to the opposing team extending their lead by scoring a goal in the empty net. </p><p>A <i>delayed penalty call</i> occurs when a penalty offense is committed by the team that does not have possession of the puck. In this circumstance the team with possession of the puck is allowed to complete the play; that is, play continues until a goal is scored, a player on the opposing team gains control of the puck, or the team in possession commits an infraction or penalty of their own. Because the team on which the penalty was called cannot control the puck without stopping play, it is impossible for them to score a goal, however, it is possible for the controlling team to mishandle the puck into their own net. In these cases the team in possession of the puck can pull the goalie for an extra attacker without fear of being scored on. If a delayed penalty is signaled and the team in possession scores, the penalty is still assessed to the offending player, but not served. </p><p>One of the most important strategies for a team is their <i>forecheck</i>. Forechecking is the act of attacking the opposition in their defensive zone. Forechecking is an important part of roller hockey, because certain leagues and rules allow teams that have possession of the puck to sit behind their net and wait until they are pressured before having to advance the puck. Each team will use their own unique forecheck system but the main ones are: 1–1–2, 1–2–1, and 1–3. The 1–1–2 is the most basic forecheck system where one forward will go in deep and pressure the opposition's defencemen, the second forward stays in the <i>slot</i>, and the two defencemen high. The 1–3 is the most defensive forecheck system where one forward will apply pressure to the puck carrier in the opponent's zone and the other three players stand basically in a line in their defensive zone in hopes the opposition will skate into one of them. </p><p>Roller hockey is unique in that its rules resemble more of a basketball/soccer/lacrosse strategy in many ways versus a traditional ice hockey approach. </p><p>There are many other little tactics used in the game of hockey. <i>Pinching</i> is the term used when a defenceman pressures the opposition's winger in the offensive zone when they are breaking out, attempting to stop their attack and keep the puck in the offensive zone. A <i>saucer pass</i> is a pass used when an opposition's stick or body is in the passing lane. It is the act of raising the puck over the obstruction and having it land on a teammates' stick. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Deke">Deke</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Deke"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Deke_(ice_hockey)" title="Deke (ice hockey)">Deke (ice hockey)</a></div> <p>A "deke," short for "decoy," is a <a href="/wiki/Feint" title="Feint">feint</a> with the body and/or stick to fool a defender or the goalie. Due to the increased room and lack of body checking, many inline hockey players have picked up the skill of "dangling," which is more fancy deking and requires more stick handling skills. Some of the more impressive "dekes" or "dangles" include the toe-drag, the <a href="/wiki/Pavel_Datsyuk" title="Pavel Datsyuk">Pavel Datsyuk</a>, the back hand toe-drag, and the spin-o-rama. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fights">Fights</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Fights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fighting is prohibited in the rules. It does happen rarely, however. Players used to an ice hockey mentality fight to demoralize the opposing players while exciting their own, as well as settling personal scores. A fight will also break if one of the team's skilled players gets hit hard or someone gets hit by what the team perceives as a dirty hit. Amateur recreation level players who play strictly inline hockey never consider fisticuffs a legitimate behavior. The amateur game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a 10-minute misconduct penalty or a game misconduct penalty and <a href="/wiki/Suspension_(punishment)" title="Suspension (punishment)">suspension</a>. Most local recreation leagues also suspend or ban players who engage in fights. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Periods_and_overtime">Periods and overtime</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Periods and overtime"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A professional game consists of two <i>halves</i> of twenty minutes each, the clock running only when the puck is in play. The teams change ends for the second half, and again at the start of each overtime played (playoffs only; same ends as the second half otherwise). Some leagues such as the American Inline Hockey League (AIHL), recreational leagues and children's leagues often play shorter games, generally with two shorter periods or three running clock periods of play. </p><p>Various procedures are used if a game is tied. Some leagues and tournaments do not use an <i><a href="/wiki/Overtime_(ice_hockey)" title="Overtime (ice hockey)">overtime</a></i>, unless a "winner" must be determined, such as in tournament <i>pool play</i> and league <i>regular season</i>. Others will us either one, or a combination of; <i>sudden death <a href="/wiki/Overtime_(ice_hockey)" title="Overtime (ice hockey)">overtime</a> periods</i>, or <i><a href="/wiki/Shootout_(hockey)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shootout (hockey)">penalty shootouts</a></i>. Usually up to two 5-minute <a href="/wiki/Sudden_death_(sport)" title="Sudden death (sport)">sudden death</a> overtimes are played; if still tied, penalty shootouts. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Playing_surface">Playing surface</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Playing surface"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Indoor inline hockey is played on any suitable non-slip surface. While converted roller rinks may use wooden floors, dedicated inline hockey facilities use Sport Court or similar surface, which allows maximum traction to inline hockey wheels whilst providing a smooth, unbroken gliding surface for the puck. The playing area should be surrounded by full boards similar to ice hockey with glass or fencing to a height of around 2m. Often, especially in European countries, the game is played in indoor sports halls, on wooden floors. Therefore, there will be no standardized boards but instead the perimeter of the playing surface will be brick walls. In such cases, the corners of the hall are rounded off with added curved boards. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variants">Variants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Variants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Inline_sledge_hockey">Inline sledge hockey</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Inline sledge hockey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Inline_sledge_hockey" title="Inline sledge hockey">Inline sledge hockey</a></div> <p>Based on Ice Sledge Hockey, Inline Sledge Hockey is played to the same rules as Inline Puck Hockey (essentially ice hockey played off ice using inline skates) and has been made possible by the design and manufacture of inline sledges by RGK, Europe's premier sports wheelchair maker. </p><p>There is no classification points system dictating who can be involved in play within Inline Sledge Hockey unlike other team sports such as Wheelchair Basketball and Wheelchair Rugby. Inline Sledge Hockey is being developed to allow everyone, regardless of whether they have a disability or not, to complete up to World Championship level based solely on talent and ability. This makes Inline Sledge Hockey truly inclusive. </p><p>The first game of Inline Sledge Hockey was played at Bisley, England on 19 December 2009 between the Hull Stingrays and the Grimsby Redwings. <a href="/wiki/Matt_Lloyd_(Paralympian)" title="Matt Lloyd (Paralympian)">Matt Lloyd (Paralympian)</a> is credited with inventing Inline Sledge Hockey and Great Britain is seen as the international leader in the game's development. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Street_hockey">Street hockey</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Street hockey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Street_hockey" title="Street hockey">Street hockey</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Street_hockey" title="Street hockey">Street hockey</a> is a form of inline hockey played as pick-up hockey on streets<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or parking lots. Street hockey tends to have very relaxed rules, as any pickup street game or sport would have. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Blind_inline_hockey">Blind inline hockey</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Blind inline hockey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Blind inline hockey is also played by athletes who are totally blind or visually impaired. Sighted players can also play, as all players must play while wearing opaque goggles, making all play sightless and "evening the playing field." The blind game is best played on a regulation inline surface with two orienting, tactile zone lines, each 60 feet from the goal line. Either 5v5 or 4v4 skaters, each plus goalies, are both good games. </p><p>The puck and goals each have a sounding device that enable the players to hear the puck and orient themselves to direction on the playing surface. The players constantly communicate to their teammates regarding their actions and positions on the floor enabling teamwork and playmaking. A sighted referee directs stoppages and restarts. All usual hockey rules apply to blind play. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sanctioning_bodies">Sanctioning bodies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Sanctioning bodies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are two lines of sanctioning bodies for inline hockey: those that are related to the roller sports community and those related to the ice hockey community. The <a href="/wiki/International_Ice_Hockey_Federation" title="International Ice Hockey Federation">International Ice Hockey Federation</a> organizes <a href="/wiki/IIHF_Inline_Hockey_World_Championships" class="mw-redirect" title="IIHF Inline Hockey World Championships">IIHF Inline Hockey World Championships</a> but the sport is recognized as being governed by the <a href="/wiki/International_Roller_Sports_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="International Roller Sports Federation">International Roller Sports Federation</a> which organizes <a href="/wiki/FIRS_Inline_Hockey_World_Championships" title="FIRS Inline Hockey World Championships">FIRS Inline Hockey World Championships</a>. </p><p>USA Roller Sports is sanctioned by the International Olympic Committee to oversee roller sports. See the related links below for national bodies and further information. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <dl><dt>Worldwide</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iihf.com/home-of-hockey/championships/inline.html">IIHF Inline</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rollersports.org/">Fédération Internationale de Roller Sports (FIRS)</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Argentina</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.capatin.com//">Confederacion Argentina de Patin (CAP)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aahhl.com.ar//">Asociación Argentina de Hockey sobre Hielo y en Línea (AAHHL)</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Australia</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.skateaustralia.org.au/">Skate Australia</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Belgium</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rbihf.be">Belgian Inline Hockey Federation</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Brazil</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbhp.com.br">Brazil Hockey and Skating Confederation</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Canada</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.niha.ca/">Roller Hockey Canada (formerly National Inline Hockey Association – Canada)</a> (affiliated with <a href="/wiki/IIHF" class="mw-redirect" title="IIHF">IIHF</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.canadainline.com/">Canada Inline</a> (affiliated with <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_Internationale_de_Roller_Sports" title="Fédération Internationale de Roller Sports">FIRS</a>)</li></ul> <dl><dt>Czech Republic</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.inlinehokej.cz/">Czech Asociacion Inline Hockey</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Colombia</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fedehockey.com/">Colombia Play Hockey league</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Chile</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.inlinehockey.cl">Chile Inline Hockey Federation</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090526204817/http://www.inlinehockey.cl/">Archived</a> 26 May 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Ecuador</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ehl-ecuador.com">Ecuador Hockey League</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>France</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ffroller-skateboard.fr/blog/discipline/roller_hockey/">French Inline Hockey Federation</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Germany</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://driv.de/">German Federation of Roller Sports</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Hong Kong/China</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hkciha.com.hk/">Hong Kong/China inline Hockey Association</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120207015044/http://www.hkciha.com.hk/">Archived</a> 7 February 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Ireland</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iiha.org/">Irish Ice Hockey Association</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.inlinehockeyireland.org/">Inline Hockey Ireland</a></li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <dl><dt>Israel</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pihl.hockey.co.il">Israeli Inline Hockey League (PIHL)</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Italy</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legahockey.eu/">Italian Inline Hockey League (LNH)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legahockeytv.it/home.php?sport=2">Italian Inline Hockey League TV</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fihp.org/hil/">Italian Hockey and Skating Federation (FIHP)</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>New Zealand</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nziha.com/">New Zealand Inline Hockey Association</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Norway</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hockey.no/">Norwegian Ice Hockey Federation</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Peru</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aphl.com.pe/">Peruvian Inline Hockey Association</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Portugal</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fpp.pt/">Federação de Patinagem de Portugal</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Russian Federation</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rollerhockey.ru/">Федерация Инлайн Хоккея России</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Slovenia</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.inline.si/">Slovenian Inline Hockey Association</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Spain</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fep.es/">Federacion Española de patinaje</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Sweden</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gbginline.se/">Swedish Winter League</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Switzerland</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ih-s.ch/">Inline-Hockey Switzerland</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sih-p/">Swiss Inline-Hockey Cup</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>The Netherlands</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.inlineskaterhockey.nl/">Inline Skaterhockey Netherlands</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>United Kingdom</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inline_hockey_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Inline hockey in the United Kingdom">Inline hockey in the United Kingdom</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>United States</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thenationalrollerhockeyleague.com/">NRHL – National Roller Hockey League</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mlrh.com/">MLRH – Major League Roller Hockey</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.themrhl.com/">MRHL – Midwest Roller Hockey League</a></li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_competitions">International competitions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: International competitions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are several international competitions with national teams. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World">World</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: World"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Roller_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="World Roller Games">World Roller Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FIRS_Inline_Hockey_World_Championships" title="FIRS Inline Hockey World Championships">FIRS Inline Hockey World Championships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IIHF_InLine_Hockey_World_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="IIHF InLine Hockey World Championship">IIHF InLine Hockey World Championship</a> (defunct)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Domestic_competitions">Domestic competitions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Domestic competitions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Roller_Hockey_League" title="National Roller Hockey League">National Roller Hockey League</a> (inactive)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_Hockey_International" title="Roller Hockey International">Roller Hockey International</a> (defunct)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Street_hockey" title="Street hockey">Street hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skater_hockey" class="mw-redirect" title="Skater hockey">Skater hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indoor_field_hockey" class="mw-redirect" title="Indoor field hockey">Indoor field hockey</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://image.aausports.org/dnn/hockey/pdf/USARSRuleBook.pdf">"The Official Rules of Inline Hockey"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/USARS" class="mw-redirect" title="USARS">USARS</a> – USA Roller Sports National Governing Body. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101217125503/http://image.aausports.org/dnn/hockey/pdf/USARSRuleBook.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 17 December 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Official+Rules+of+Inline+Hockey&rft.pub=USARS+%E2%80%93+USA+Roller+Sports+National+Governing+Body&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fimage.aausports.org%2Fdnn%2Fhockey%2Fpdf%2FUSARSRuleBook.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInline+hockey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131220015134/http://www.teamusa.org/USA-Roller-Sports/Inline-Hockey/History-of-Inline-Hockey">"History of Inline Hockey"</a>. <i>Teamusa.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.teamusa.org/USA-Roller-Sports/Inline-Hockey/History-of-Inline-Hockey">the original</a> on 20 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Teamusa.org&rft.atitle=History+of+Inline+Hockey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.teamusa.org%2FUSA-Roller-Sports%2FInline-Hockey%2FHistory-of-Inline-Hockey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInline+hockey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autoz-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autoz_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autoz_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">[🖉<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1121352/world-skate-bans-russian-athletes">"World Skate finally bans-russian- Russian and Belarusian athletes and officials"</a>. <i>www.insidethegames.biz</i>. 2 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.insidethegames.biz&rft.atitle=World+Skate+finally+bans-russian-+Russian+and+Belarusian+athletes+and+officials&rft.date=2022-04-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.insidethegames.biz%2Farticles%2F1121352%2Fworld-skate-bans-russian-athletes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInline+hockey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinecitt%C3%A0_Luce" class="extiw" title="it:Cinecittà Luce">Istituto Luce Cinecittà</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CytZe7_g9YA">"Esibizioni con speciali pattini a rotelle a Vienna"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Giornale_Luce" class="mw-redirect" title="Giornale Luce">Giornale Luce</a></i>, B1401, Vienna, Austria, 3 November 1938. Video published on 15 June 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3bls1MQCiAQ">"Hockey On Roller Skates - Vienna (1938)"</a>. <i>Youtube.com</i>. <a href="/wiki/British_Path%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="British Pathé">British Pathé</a> FILM ID:987.29. 1938.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Youtube.com&rft.atitle=Hockey+On+Roller+Skates+-+Vienna+%281938%29&rft.date=1938&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D3bls1MQCiAQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInline+hockey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGartner1962" class="citation news cs1">Gartner, Tim (29 July 1962). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/66281010/">"Hockey Crowns Go To Favored Clubs"</a>. <i>The Lincoln Star</i>. p. 1D<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2021</span> – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Lincoln+Star&rft.atitle=Hockey+Crowns+Go+To+Favored+Clubs&rft.pages=1D&rft.date=1962-07-29&rft.aulast=Gartner&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F66281010%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInline+hockey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thenationalrollerhockeyleague.com/nrhl-letter.html">"NRHL"</a>. <i>www.thenationalrollerhockeyleague.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thenationalrollerhockeyleague.com&rft.atitle=NRHL&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenationalrollerhockeyleague.com%2Fnrhl-letter.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInline+hockey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140109040056/http://www.worldinlinehockey.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/2013-FIRS-RULEBOOKOct18_2013.pdf"><i>Roller In-Line Hockey Regulations Rules of the Game</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Comité International Roller In-Line Hockey. January 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldinlinehockey.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/2013-FIRS-RULEBOOKOct18_2013.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 9 January 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Roller+In-Line+Hockey+Regulations+Rules+of+the+Game&rft.pub=Comit%C3%A9+International+Roller+In-Line+Hockey&rft.date=2014-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldinlinehockey.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2013%2F12%2F2013-FIRS-RULEBOOKOct18_2013.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInline+hockey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZakrajsekCarnesPettigrew2003" class="citation book cs1">Zakrajsek, D.; Carnes, L.; Pettigrew, F.E. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r-_itWjfn0kC&pg=PA431"><i>Quality Lesson Plans for Secondary Physical Education</i></a>. Quality Lesson Plans for Secondary Physical Education. Human Kinetics. p. 431. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7360-4485-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7360-4485-1"><bdi>978-0-7360-4485-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Quality+Lesson+Plans+for+Secondary+Physical+Education&rft.series=Quality+Lesson+Plans+for+Secondary+Physical+Education&rft.pages=431&rft.pub=Human+Kinetics&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-7360-4485-1&rft.aulast=Zakrajsek&rft.aufirst=D.&rft.au=Carnes%2C+L.&rft.au=Pettigrew%2C+F.E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dr-_itWjfn0kC%26pg%3DPA431&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInline+hockey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inline_hockey&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thenationalrollerhockeyleague.com">National Roller Hockey League</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Inline_hockey" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Inline hockey">Inline hockey</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sports_of_the_World_Games_program" title="Template:Sports of the World Games program"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sports_of_the_World_Games_program" title="Template talk:Sports of the World Games program"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sports_of_the_World_Games_program" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sports of the World Games program"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sports_of_the_World_Games_program" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/World_Games_sports" title="World Games sports">Sports of the World Games program</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artistic and dance sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artistic_roller_skating" title="Artistic roller skating">Artistic roller skating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dancesport" title="Dancesport">Dancesport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gymnastics" title="Gymnastics">Gymnastics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acrobatic_gymnastics" title="Acrobatic gymnastics">Acrobatic gymnastics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aerobic_gymnastics" title="Aerobic gymnastics">Aerobic gymnastics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parkour" title="Parkour">Parkour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhythmic_gymnastics" title="Rhythmic gymnastics">Rhythmic gymnastics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trampolining" title="Trampolining">Trampolining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumbling_(sport)" title="Tumbling (sport)">Tumbling</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ball sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beach_handball" title="Beach handball">Beach handball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_polo" title="Canoe polo">Canoe polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fistball" title="Fistball">Fistball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floorball" title="Floorball">Floorball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_in-line_hockey" class="mw-redirect" title="Roller in-line hockey">Inline hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korfball" title="Korfball">Korfball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lacrosse" title="Lacrosse">Lacrosse</a> (women)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racquetball" title="Racquetball">Racquetball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Softball" title="Softball">Softball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squash_(sport)" title="Squash (sport)">Squash</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Martial arts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jujutsu" title="Jujutsu">Ju-jitsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karate" title="Karate">Karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kickboxing" title="Kickboxing">Kickboxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muay_Thai" title="Muay Thai">Muaythai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumo" title="Sumo">Sumo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Precision sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archery" title="Archery">Archery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cue_sports" title="Cue sports">Billiards sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boules" title="Boules">Boules sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowling" title="Bowling">Bowling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Strength sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Powerlifting" title="Powerlifting">Powerlifting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tug_of_war" title="Tug of war">Tug of war</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trend sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_sports" title="Air sports">Air sports</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parachuting" title="Parachuting">Parachuting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_marathon" title="Canoe marathon">Canoe marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finswimming" title="Finswimming">Finswimming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultimate_(sport)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultimate (sport)">Flying disc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lifesaving_(sport)" title="Lifesaving (sport)">Lifesaving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orienteering" title="Orienteering">Orienteering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_sports" title="Roller sports">Speed roller skating</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Road_skating" title="Road skating">Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inline_speed_skating" title="Inline speed skating">Track</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Competition_climbing" title="Competition climbing">Competition climbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_skiing" title="Water skiing">Water skiing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wakeboarding" title="Wakeboarding">Wakeboarding</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Past official sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Badminton" title="Badminton">Badminton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">Baseball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beach_volleyball" title="Beach volleyball">Beach volleyball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodybuilding" title="Bodybuilding">Bodybuilding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casting_(fishing)" title="Casting (fishing)">Casting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indoor_cycling" title="Indoor cycling">Indoor cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netball" title="Netball">Netball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_hockey_(quad)" title="Roller hockey (quad)">Roller hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_sevens" title="Rugby sevens">Rugby sevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambo_at_the_World_Games" title="Sambo at the World Games">Sambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">Taekwondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triathlon" title="Triathlon">Triathlon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_weightlifting" title="Olympic weightlifting">Weightlifting</a> (women)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Invitational sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duathlon" title="Duathlon">Duathlon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_football" title="Flag football">Flag football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lacrosse" title="Lacrosse">Lacrosse</a> (men)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheelchair_rugby" title="Wheelchair rugby">Wheelchair rugby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wushu_(sport)" title="Wushu (sport)">Wushu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Sports_at_the_World_Games" title="Category:Sports at the World Games">Sports at the World Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_World_Games_Association" title="International World Games Association">International World Games Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Inline_skating" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Inline_skating" title="Template:Inline skating"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Inline_skating" title="Template talk:Inline skating"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Inline_skating" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Inline skating"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Inline_skating" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Inline_skating" title="Inline skating">Inline skating</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Disciplines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aggressive_inline_skating" title="Aggressive inline skating">Aggressive inline skating</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vert_skating" title="Vert skating">Vert skating</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artistic_roller_skating" title="Artistic roller skating">Artistic roller skating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freestyle_slalom_skating" title="Freestyle slalom skating">Freestyle slalom skating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inline_figure_skating" title="Inline figure skating">Inline figure skating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_in-line_hockey" class="mw-redirect" title="Roller in-line hockey">Inline hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inline_speed_skating" title="Inline speed skating">Inline speed skating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_cross_skating" class="mw-redirect" title="Nordic cross skating">Nordic cross skating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_skating" title="Road skating">Road skating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_soccer" title="Roller soccer">Roller soccer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Physical design</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inline_skates" title="Inline skates">Inline skates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manufacturers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rollerblade" title="Rollerblade">Rollerblade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K2_Sports" title="K2 Sports">K2 Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_Derby_(brand)" title="Roller Derby (brand)">Roller Derby</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roller_skiing" title="Roller skiing">Roller skiing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freeskates" title="Freeskates">Freeskating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_skating" title="Roller skating">Roller skating (quad)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Team_sports" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Team_sports" title="Template:Team sports"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Team_sports" title="Template talk:Team sports"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Team_sports" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Team sports"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Team_sports" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Team_sport" title="Team sport">Team sports</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sport" title="Sport">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_governing_body" title="Sports governing body">Governing bodies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_sport" title="National sport">National sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_sportspeople" title="Lists of sportspeople">Sportspeople</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Invasion_games" class="mw-redirect" title="Invasion games">Invasion games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Basket sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">Basketball</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beach_basketball" class="mw-redirect" title="Beach basketball">beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deaf_basketball" title="Deaf basketball">deaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3x3_basketball" title="3x3 basketball">3x3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_basketball" title="Water basketball">water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheelchair_basketball" title="Wheelchair basketball">wheelchair</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cestoball" title="Cestoball">Cestoball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dueball" title="Dueball">Dueball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korfball" title="Korfball">Korfball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netball" title="Netball">Netball</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fast5_netball" title="Fast5 netball">Fast5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indoor_netball" title="Indoor netball">indoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheelchair_netball" title="Wheelchair netball">wheelchair</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rezball" title="Rezball">Rezball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ringball" title="Ringball">Ringball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slamball" class="mw-redirect" title="Slamball">Slamball</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Football" title="Football">Football</a><br />codes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_rules_football" title="Australian rules football">Australian rules football</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AFLX" title="AFLX">AFLX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lightning_football" title="Lightning football">Lightning football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro_footy" class="mw-redirect" title="Metro footy">Metro footy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine-a-side_footy" title="Nine-a-side footy">Nine-a-side</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rec_footy" title="Rec footy">Rec footy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_football" title="Gaelic football">Gaelic football</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ladies%27_Gaelic_football" title="Ladies' Gaelic football">Ladies'</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circle_rules_football" title="Circle rules football">Circle rules football</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Asocciation_football" class="mw-redirect" title="Asocciation football">Asocciation football</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">Association football</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amputee_football" title="Amputee football">amputee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beach_soccer" title="Beach soccer">beach soccer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freestyle_football" title="Freestyle football">freestyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Futsal" title="Futsal">futsal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indoor_soccer" title="Indoor soccer">Indoor soccer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minifootball" title="Minifootball">minifootball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paralympic_football" title="Paralympic football">paralympic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powerchair_Football" class="mw-redirect" title="Powerchair Football">powerchair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_soccer" title="Roller soccer">roller soccer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socca" title="Socca">socca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_football_(association_football)" title="Street football (association football)">street</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gridiron_football" title="Gridiron football">Gridiron</a> codes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_football" title="American football">American football</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eight-man_football" title="Eight-man football">eight-man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_football" title="Flag football">flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine-man_football" title="Nine-man football">nine-man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six-man_football" title="Six-man football">six-man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sprint_football" title="Sprint football">sprint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touch_football_(American)" title="Touch football (American)">touch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheelchair_Football_(American)" title="Wheelchair Football (American)">wheelchair</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arena_football" title="Arena football">Arena football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_football" title="Canadian football">Canadian football</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_hybrid_sports" title="List of hybrid sports">Hybrid</a> codes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austus" title="Austus">Austus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eton_wall_game" title="Eton wall game">Eton wall game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_rules_football" title="International rules football">International rules football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoa_rules" title="Samoa rules">Samoa rules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speedball_(American_ball_game)" title="Speedball (American ball game)">Speedball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_football_(code)" title="Swedish football (code)">Swedish football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_football" title="Universal football">Universal football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volata" title="Volata">Volata</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Medieval_football" title="Medieval football">Medieval/historical<br />football</a> codes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ba_game" class="mw-redirect" title="Ba game">Ba game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caid_(sport)" title="Caid (sport)">Caid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcio_Fiorentino" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcio Fiorentino">Calcio fiorentino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camping_(game)" title="Camping (game)">Camping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cnapan" title="Cnapan">Cnapan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_hurling" title="Cornish hurling">Cornish hurling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuju" title="Cuju">Cuju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpastum" title="Harpastum">Harpastum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemari" title="Kemari">Kemari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_soule" title="La soule">La soule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lelo_burti" title="Lelo burti">Lelo burti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marn_Grook" title="Marn Grook">Marn grook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasuckuakohowog" title="Pasuckuakohowog">Pasuckuakohowog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Shrovetide_Football" title="Royal Shrovetide Football">Royal Shrovetide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uppies_and_Downies" title="Uppies and Downies">Uppies and downies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rugby_football" title="Rugby football">Rugby</a> codes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_league" title="Rugby league">Rugby league</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Masters_Rugby_League" title="Masters Rugby League">masters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mod_league" title="Mod league">mod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_league_nines" title="Rugby league nines">nines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_league_sevens" title="Rugby league sevens">sevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tag_rugby" title="Tag rugby">tag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheelchair_rugby_league" title="Wheelchair rugby league">wheelchair</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_union" title="Rugby union">Rugby union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_flag_rugby" title="American flag rugby">American flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beach_rugby" title="Beach rugby">beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mini_rugby" title="Mini rugby">mini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_sevens" title="Rugby sevens">sevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_rugby" title="Snow rugby">snow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tag_rugby" title="Tag rugby">tag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tambo_rugby" title="Tambo rugby">Tambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touch_rugby" title="Touch rugby">touch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_tens" title="Rugby tens">tens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_X" title="Rugby X">X</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touch_(sport)" title="Touch (sport)">Touch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheelchair_rugby" title="Wheelchair rugby">Wheelchair</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other related codes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuju" title="Cuju">Cuju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C4%AB-o-rahi" title="Kī-o-rahi">Kī-o-rahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jegichagi" title="Jegichagi">Jegichagi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yubi_lakpi" title="Yubi lakpi">Yubi lakpi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stick-and-ball<br />sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bando_(sport)" title="Bando (sport)">Bando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cammag" title="Cammag">Cammag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gateball" title="Gateball">Gateball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurling" title="Hurling">Hurling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camogie" title="Camogie">Camogie</a></li> <li>Super11s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Composite_rules_shinty%E2%80%93hurling" title="Composite rules shinty–hurling">Shinty–Hurling</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_North_American_stickball" title="Indigenous North American stickball">Indigenous North American stickball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iomain" title="Iomain">Iomain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knattleikr" title="Knattleikr">Knattleikr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knotty" title="Knotty">Knotty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lacrosse" title="Lacrosse">Lacrosse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Box_lacrosse" title="Box lacrosse">box/indoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_lacrosse" title="Field lacrosse">field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercrosse" title="Intercrosse">intercrosse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_lacrosse" title="Women's lacrosse">women's</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritinis" title="Ritinis">Ritinis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinty" title="Shinty">Shinty</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Composite_rules_shinty%E2%80%93hurling" title="Composite rules shinty–hurling">Shinty–Hurling</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hockey" title="Hockey">Hockey</a> sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ball_hockey" title="Ball hockey">Ball hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandy" title="Bandy">Bandy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rink_bandy" title="Rink bandy">rink</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broomball" title="Broomball">Broomball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_hockey" title="Field hockey">Field hockey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indoor_hockey" title="Indoor hockey">indoor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floor_hockey" title="Floor hockey">Floor hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floorball" title="Floorball">Floorball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">Ice hockey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pond_hockey" title="Pond hockey">pond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_hockey" title="Power hockey">power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sledge_hockey" title="Sledge hockey">ice sledge</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ringette" title="Ringette">Ringette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rinkball" title="Rinkball">Rinkball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_hockey" title="Roller hockey">Roller hockey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roller_in-line_hockey" class="mw-redirect" title="Roller in-line hockey">in-line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_hockey_(quad)" title="Roller hockey (quad)">quad</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rossall_Hockey" class="mw-redirect" title="Rossall Hockey">Rossall hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinny" title="Shinny">Shinny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_hockey" title="Street hockey">Street hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underwater_hockey" title="Underwater hockey">Underwater hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicycle_hockey" title="Unicycle hockey">Unicycle hockey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Polo" title="Polo">Polo</a> sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auto_polo" title="Auto polo">Auto polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cowboy_polo" title="Cowboy polo">Cowboy polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycle_polo" title="Cycle polo">Cycle polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elephant_polo" title="Elephant polo">Elephant polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobby_horse_polo" title="Hobby horse polo">Hobby horse polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horseball" title="Horseball">Horseball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motoball" title="Motoball">Motoball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pato" title="Pato">Pato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polo" title="Polo">Polo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arena_polo" title="Arena polo">Arena polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chovgan" title="Chovgan">Chovgan</a></li> <li>Snow polo</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polocrosse" title="Polocrosse">Polocrosse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segway_polo" title="Segway polo">Segway polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yak_polo" title="Yak polo">Yak polo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other ball sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angleball" title="Angleball">Angleball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycle_ball" title="Cycle ball">Cycle ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodgeball" title="Dodgeball">Dodgeball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flickerball" title="Flickerball">Flickerball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gain-ground" title="Gain-ground">Gain-ground</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balle_%C3%A0_la_main" title="Balle à la main">Balle à la main</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballon_au_poing" title="Ballon au poing">Ballon au poing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeu_de_paume" title="Jeu de paume">Jeu de paume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longue_paume" title="Longue paume">Longue paume</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goalball" title="Goalball">Goalball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handball" title="Handball">Handball</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beach_handball" title="Beach handball">beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_handball" title="Czech handball">Czech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_handball" title="Field handball">field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheelchair_handball" title="Wheelchair handball">wheelchair</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaatsen" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaatsen">Kaatsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kin-Ball" title="Kin-Ball">Kin-Ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lagori" class="mw-redirect" title="Lagori">Lagori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesoamerican_ballgame" title="Mesoamerican ballgame">Mesoamerican ballgame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelota_mixteca" title="Pelota mixteca">Pelota mixteca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prisonball" title="Prisonball">Prisonball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pushball" title="Pushball">Pushball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quidditch_(real-life_sport)" title="Quidditch (real-life sport)">Quidditch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roll_ball" title="Roll ball">Roll ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamburello" title="Tamburello">Tamburello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tchoukball" title="Tchoukball">Tchoukball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulama_(game)" title="Ulama (game)">Ulama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valencian_pilota" title="Valencian pilota">Valencian pilota</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Llargues" title="Llargues">Llargues</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whirlyball" title="Whirlyball">Whirlyball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukigassen" title="Yukigassen">Yukigassen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bat-and-ball_games" title="Bat-and-ball games">Bat-and-ball<br />games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Variations_of_baseball" title="Variations of baseball">Baseball variants</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">Baseball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball5" title="Baseball5">Baseball5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Br%C3%A4nnboll" title="Brännboll">Brännboll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corkball" title="Corkball">Corkball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kickball" title="Kickball">Kickball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matball" title="Matball">Matball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Over-the-line" title="Over-the-line">Over-the-line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pes%C3%A4pallo" title="Pesäpallo">Pesäpallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rounders" title="Rounders">Rounders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schlagball" title="Schlagball">Schlagball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Softball" title="Softball">Softball</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fastpitch_softball" title="Fastpitch softball">Fastpitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/16-inch_softball" title="16-inch softball">16-inch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stickball_(street_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stickball (street game)">Stickball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitilla" title="Vitilla">Vitilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_baseball" title="British baseball">British baseball</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_baseball" class="mw-redirect" title="English baseball">English baseball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_baseball" class="mw-redirect" title="Welsh baseball">Welsh baseball</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiffle_ball" title="Wiffle ball">Wiffle ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Town_ball" title="Town ball">Town ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wireball" title="Wireball">Wireball</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Forms_of_cricket" title="Forms of cricket">Cricket variants</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cricket" title="Cricket">Cricket</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One_Day_International" title="One Day International">One Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Test_cricket" title="Test cricket">Test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty20_International" title="Twenty20 International">Twenty20</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indoor_cricket" title="Indoor cricket">Indoor cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vigoro" title="Vigoro">Vigoro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Danish_longball" title="Danish longball">Danish longball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapta_(game)" title="Lapta (game)">Lapta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oin%C4%83" title="Oină">Oină</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoolball" title="Stoolball">Stoolball</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Net_and_wall_games" title="Net and wall games">Net and wall games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ball_badminton" title="Ball badminton">Ball badminton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biribol" title="Biribol">Biribol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bossaball" title="Bossaball">Bossaball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fistball" title="Fistball">Fistball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fives" title="Fives">Fives</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eton_fives" title="Eton fives">Eton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_fives" title="Rugby fives">Rugby</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Footbag_net" title="Footbag net">Footbag net</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Football_tennis" title="Football tennis">Football tennis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Footvolley" title="Footvolley">Footvolley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jianzi" title="Jianzi">Jianzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jokgu" title="Jokgu">Jokgu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newcomb_ball" title="Newcomb ball">Newcomb ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peteca" title="Peteca">Peteca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sepak_takraw" title="Sepak takraw">Sepak takraw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teqball" title="Teqball">teqball‎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Throwball" title="Throwball">Throwball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volleyball" title="Volleyball">Volleyball</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beach_volleyball" title="Beach volleyball">beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volleyball" title="Volleyball">indoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitting_volleyball" title="Sitting volleyball">sitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_volleyball" title="Standing volleyball">standing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volleyball_variations#Pioneerball" title="Volleyball variations">pioneerball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_volleyball" title="Snow volleyball">snow</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tag_sports" class="mw-redirect" title="Tag sports">Tag sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kabaddi" title="Kabaddi">Kabaddi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kho_kho" title="Kho kho">Kho kho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chase_Tag" title="World Chase Tag">World Chase Tag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Water_sports" class="mw-redirect" title="Water sports">Water sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Synchronized_swimming" title="Synchronized swimming">Synchronized swimming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underwater_football" title="Underwater football">Underwater football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underwater_rugby" title="Underwater rugby">Underwater rugby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_polo" title="Water polo">Water polo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_polo" title="Canoe polo">canoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inner_tube_water_polo" title="Inner tube water polo">inner tube</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yacht_racing" title="Yacht racing">Yacht racing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other non-ball sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airsoft" title="Airsoft">Airsoft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bo-taoshi" title="Bo-taoshi">Bo-taoshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buzkashi" title="Buzkashi">Buzkashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_(juggling)" title="Combat (juggling)">Combat (juggling)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curling" title="Curling">Curling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wheelchair_curling" title="Wheelchair curling">wheelchair</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guts_(flying_disc_game)" title="Guts (flying disc game)">Guts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hornussen" title="Hornussen">Hornussen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jereed" title="Jereed">Jereed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makura-Nage" title="Makura-Nage">Makura-Nage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paintball" title="Paintball">Paintball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_derby" title="Roller derby">Roller derby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synchronized_skating" title="Synchronized skating">Synchronized skating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tug_of_war" title="Tug of war">Tug of war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultimate_(sport)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultimate (sport)">Ultimate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q946171#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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