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These are stories" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://uct.academia.edu/AbdulkaderTayob" /> <meta name="description" content="This article presents and analyzes the life-trajectories of three Islamic activists in South Africa. It is focused on their journeys through activism over several decades, using life-story models from William James and al-Ghazali. These are stories" /> <title>(PDF) Biographies of Muslim Activists in South Africa | Abdulkader Tayob - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/8897719/Biographies_of_Muslim_Activists_in_South_Africa" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '08c611e06efd956c8cb6c100cf9e757ee1b93f16'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1733199770000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1733199770000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"This article presents and analyzes the life-trajectories of three Islamic activists in South Africa. It is focused on their journeys through activism over several decades, using life-story models from William James and al-Ghazali. These are stories of individuals who established or joined the Muslim Youth Movements (est. 1970) at one time or another, and played some role in its long history. These stories include accounts of conversion, doubt and significant engagements in pursuit of an activist life. Their biographies reveal a glimpse of the journeys that countless others, in South Africa and beyond, have taken in pursuit of an authentic Islamic life.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Abdulkader Tayob"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2014-10-21","dateModified":"2014-12-08","headline":"Biographies of Muslim Activists in South Africa","image":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/35864642/thumbnails/1.jpg","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["William James","Biography","Abu Hamid Muhammad al-Ghazali (d. 1111)","Islamism","Political Islam","South Africa","South African Religion"],"publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":null},"sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":"uct"}],"thumbnailUrl":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/35864642/thumbnails/1.jpg","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8897719/Biographies_of_Muslim_Activists_in_South_Africa"}</script><link 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"https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F8897719%2FBiographies_of_Muslim_Activists_in_South_Africa%3Fauto%3Ddownload"; window.loswp.translateUrl = "https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F8897719%2FBiographies_of_Muslim_Activists_in_South_Africa%3Fshow_translation%3Dtrue"; window.loswp.previewableAttachments = [{"id":35864642,"identifier":"Attachment_35864642","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":8897719,"created_at":"2014-10-21T17:57:40.828-07:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2021-01-15T15:29:36.922-08:00","_data":{"abstract":"This article presents and analyzes the life-trajectories of three Islamic activists in South Africa. It is focused on their journeys through activism over several decades, using life-story models from William James and al-Ghazali. These are stories of individuals who established or joined the Muslim Youth Movements (est. 1970) at one time or another, and played some role in its long history. These stories include accounts of conversion, doubt and significant engagements in pursuit of an activist life. Their biographies reveal a glimpse of the journeys that countless others, in South Africa and beyond, have taken in pursuit of an authentic Islamic life."},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Biographies of Muslim Activists in South Africa","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [241149]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":35864642,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Biographies of Muslim Activists in South Africa”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/35864642/mini_magick20180819-13180-vcs4kt.png?1534689589" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Biographies of Muslim Activists in South Africa</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="241149" href="https://uct.academia.edu/AbdulkaderTayob"><img alt="Profile image of Abdulkader Tayob" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/241149/190372/51489814/s65_abdulkader.tayob.jpg" />Abdulkader Tayob</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">This article presents and analyzes the life-trajectories of three Islamic activists in South Africa. It is focused on their journeys through activism over several decades, using life-story models from William James and al-Ghazali. These are stories of individuals who established or joined the Muslim Youth Movements (est. 1970) at one time or another, and played some role in its long history. These stories include accounts of conversion, doubt and significant engagements in pursuit of an activist life. Their biographies reveal a glimpse of the journeys that countless others, in South Africa and beyond, have taken in pursuit of an authentic Islamic life.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":35864642,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/8897719/Biographies_of_Muslim_Activists_in_South_Africa"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":35864642,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/8897719/Biographies_of_Muslim_Activists_in_South_Africa"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="35864642" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/8897719/Biographies_of_Muslim_Activists_in_South_Africa" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="34154652" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34154652/Islamist_Biographies_Religious_Experiences_of_South_African_Muslim_Activists">Islamist Biographies: Religious Experiences of South African Muslim Activists</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="16512707" href="https://uct.academia.edu/GadijaAhjum">Gadija Ahjum</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This thesis explores the biographies of Muslim activists who were involved in the South African Islamist movement from the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s - tracking their trajectories up till the present. These Islamist biographies can be likened to journeys which include moments of fulfilment, doubt, ambivalence and a grappling to make sense of the self and society. A close examination of Islamist journeys reveal accounts of conversion, a deep commitment to religion and the reconstruction of both public and private identities. Conversion signalled both an arrival – at a new meaning system – and a departure – on a journey informed by this new meaning system. For Islamists, their renewed understanding of religion provided purpose, perseverance and direction. They turned to Islamism to reconstruct their public identities by becoming part of a chosen collective. Simultaneously, they also used religious ideology to reconstruct their identities within the private sphere. This study places emphasis on the everyday lives of Islamists. By suggesting that South African Islamism can best be viewed as the sum of a multitude of journeys of everyday political Islam, this study recognizes that such a life is located within a particular idealized world-view. However, interrogating this life trajectory necessitates an in-depth approach which takes heed of Islamists’ perfectionist ideals while remaining cognizant of personal realities. In doing so, this study reveals not only their firm resolve to be ‘good’ Islamists, but also their aspirations to be ‘good’ women within their personal domains. I thus contend that, included in an investigation on Islamist journeys, should be the ambiguities and personal challenges they encountered in private spaces. This study aligns itself with others who have challenged notions of a monolithic Islamism; rather Islamism has proven itself to continuously transform – even within local contexts like South Africa. Moreover, this thesis addresses a lacuna in scholarship on Islamism and highlights key perceptions that Islamists have about themselves, an idealized worldview and the challenges in everyday life. In this way, this study offers an alternate line of enquiry into religious activism as a lived experience. Doing so leads to a better understanding of not just individuals’ ideals and objectives, but also the everyday consequences this had.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Islamist Biographies: Religious Experiences of South African Muslim Activists","attachmentId":54077589,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34154652/Islamist_Biographies_Religious_Experiences_of_South_African_Muslim_Activists","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/34154652/Islamist_Biographies_Religious_Experiences_of_South_African_Muslim_Activists"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="40250925" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40250925/On_being_South_African_Muslims_Islamists_and_women_Expressions_of_agency_and_religious_construction_through_the_lens_of_biographies_1">On being South African Muslims, Islamists and women: Expressions of agency and religious construction through the lens of biographies 1</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="16512707" href="https://uct.academia.edu/GadijaAhjum">Gadija Ahjum</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal for islamic studies, 2018</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Exploring the lives of women Islamists through the lens of biographies reveals elements of their experiences which tend to be overlooked if the focus is only on moments of explicit activism. Existing studies of Islamists often focus on leading voices within movements, while studies which focus on piety and self-cultivation obscure ambiguities encountered within the lives of Muslim women. There is an implied denial of their agency as ordinary but active participants within both the private and public space. This paper argues that women made choices based on their deepening understanding of Islam (in general) and Islamist discourse (in particular). Furthermore, their capacity as agents cannot be viewed outside of their social, political and cultural context. Taking seriously the multiple forces within which they exist, and which operate on them, allows a more nuanced image of the actions of Muslim women activists to emerge.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"On being South African Muslims, Islamists and women: Expressions of agency and religious construction through the lens of biographies 1","attachmentId":60484115,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/40250925/On_being_South_African_Muslims_Islamists_and_women_Expressions_of_agency_and_religious_construction_through_the_lens_of_biographies_1","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/40250925/On_being_South_African_Muslims_Islamists_and_women_Expressions_of_agency_and_religious_construction_through_the_lens_of_biographies_1"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="124634659" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/124634659/Searching_for_Islamic_Ethical_Agency_in_Post_Apartheid_Cape_Town_An_Anthology">Searching for Islamic Ethical Agency in Post-Apartheid Cape Town: An Anthology</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="8958932" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AFataar">Aslam Fataar</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2019</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Searching for Islamic Ethical Agency in Post-Apartheid Cape Town: An Anthology","attachmentId":118824815,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/124634659/Searching_for_Islamic_Ethical_Agency_in_Post_Apartheid_Cape_Town_An_Anthology","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/124634659/Searching_for_Islamic_Ethical_Agency_in_Post_Apartheid_Cape_Town_An_Anthology"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="20765528" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20765528/_I_must_strive_to_rectify_myself_and_the_people_of_the_whole_world_Portraits_of_Sunni_traditionalist_activists_in_South_Africa">" I must strive to rectify myself and the people of the whole world " : Portraits of Sunni traditionalist activists in South Africa</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1111580" href="https://unisouthafr.academia.edu/AuwaisRafudeen">Auwais Rafudeen</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">From its headquarters in Karachi, the traditionalist Sunni movement, Dawate Islami, has spread to a number of other countries and in 1996 it founded a branch in South Africa. South Africa, in turn, has witnessed a mushrooming of Dawate Islami centres in various towns and cities throughout the country and has been the base for further expansion of the movement to other parts of Africa. What drives the members to the movement? How were they inducted as members? This paper explores these questions through portraits of two senior South African activists: Mufti Abdun Nabi Hamidi and Amirudeen Kajee. Drawing on the notions of ‘practices’ ‘virtues’ and ‘states of the self” inspired by the work of Talal Asad, this paper also seeks to provide a framework for understanding the nature of the activists’ belonging and commitment to the movement.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"\" I must strive to rectify myself and the people of the whole world \" : Portraits of Sunni traditionalist activists in South Africa","attachmentId":41549565,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/20765528/_I_must_strive_to_rectify_myself_and_the_people_of_the_whole_world_Portraits_of_Sunni_traditionalist_activists_in_South_Africa","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/20765528/_I_must_strive_to_rectify_myself_and_the_people_of_the_whole_world_Portraits_of_Sunni_traditionalist_activists_in_South_Africa"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="34513929" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34513929/Three_Islamic_Strands_in_the_South_African_Struggle_for_Justice_Author_s_Farid_Esack">Three Islamic Strands in the South African Struggle for Justice Author(s): Farid Esack</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7030231" href="https://johannesburg.academia.edu/faridesack">farid esack</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Three Islamic Strands in the South African Struggle for Justice Author(s): Farid Esack","attachmentId":54379034,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34513929/Three_Islamic_Strands_in_the_South_African_Struggle_for_Justice_Author_s_Farid_Esack","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/34513929/Three_Islamic_Strands_in_the_South_African_Struggle_for_Justice_Author_s_Farid_Esack"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="11462747" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11462747/REVIEW_Muslim_Portraits_The_Anti_Apartheid_Struggle_Goolam_Vahed_Madiba_Publishers_2012">REVIEW: Muslim Portraits: The Anti-Apartheid Struggle Goolam Vahed, Madiba Publishers, 2012.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="14026255" href="https://uni-bayreuth.academia.edu/KenChitwood">Ken Chitwood</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Islamic Studies, 2015</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This book was a success insofar as it aspired to apprehend the legacy and to memorialize the role that Muslims played in the liberation and restitution of South Africa. Despite its multitudinous nature and lack of focus on the religious nature of many of these narratives, this collection offers genuine insight into South Africa’s multifaceted political struggle and multi-cultural constituency and for that, Vahed must be commended.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"REVIEW: Muslim Portraits: The Anti-Apartheid Struggle Goolam Vahed, Madiba Publishers, 2012.","attachmentId":36994956,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11462747/REVIEW_Muslim_Portraits_The_Anti_Apartheid_Struggle_Goolam_Vahed_Madiba_Publishers_2012","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/11462747/REVIEW_Muslim_Portraits_The_Anti_Apartheid_Struggle_Goolam_Vahed_Madiba_Publishers_2012"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="47735050" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/47735050/The_Emergence_of_Islamic_Liberation_Theology_in_South_Africa">The Emergence of Islamic Liberation Theology in South Africa</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="977385" href="https://minneapolis.academia.edu/matthewpalombo">Matthew Palombo</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Religion in Africa, 2014</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">There is a growing interest in Islamic liberation theology today, and seminal authors such as Ali Shariati, Alighar Ali Engineer (1984, 1990), Farid Esack (1984, 1997), and Hamid Dabashi (2008) have developed its central commitments. In South Africa the earliest representative text was the 'Review of Faith' (1984) by Farid Esack, used by the Call of Islam (est. 1984) for cultivating personal piety and conscientization (criti-cal consciousness) against apartheid. Based on recent interviews, unpublished manuscripts , and published works, this article demonstrates how Islamic liberation theology emerged in the political praxis of Muslims against settler colonialism and apartheid. In this subaltern history, political Islam as political praxis and not state building generated a unique discursive space for an Islamic liberation theology to emerge within the con-fluence of two ideological paths: those of humanism and Islamism.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Emergence of Islamic Liberation Theology in South Africa","attachmentId":66680241,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/47735050/The_Emergence_of_Islamic_Liberation_Theology_in_South_Africa","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/47735050/The_Emergence_of_Islamic_Liberation_Theology_in_South_Africa"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="10165216" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10165216/Islam_in_the_Public_Sphere_in_Post_apartheid_South_Africa_Prospects_and_Challenges">Islam in the Public Sphere in Post-apartheid South Africa: Prospects and Challenges</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="24797878" href="https://ukzn.academia.edu/GVahed">Goolam Vahed</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2007</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Islam in the Public Sphere in Post-apartheid South Africa: Prospects and Challenges","attachmentId":36991500,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/10165216/Islam_in_the_Public_Sphere_in_Post_apartheid_South_Africa_Prospects_and_Challenges","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/10165216/Islam_in_the_Public_Sphere_in_Post_apartheid_South_Africa_Prospects_and_Challenges"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="4042427" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4042427/Abstract_Muslim_Intellectuals_and_South_African_Politics_Jan_2013">Abstract Muslim Intellectuals and South African Politics Jan 2013</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="682880" href="https://ub-bw.academia.edu/MuhammedHaron">Muhammed Haron</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Abstract Muslim Intellectuals and South African Politics Jan 2013","attachmentId":31579871,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/4042427/Abstract_Muslim_Intellectuals_and_South_African_Politics_Jan_2013","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/4042427/Abstract_Muslim_Intellectuals_and_South_African_Politics_Jan_2013"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="8809709" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8809709/Southern_Africas_Muslims_Emergence_Development_and_Transformation">Southern Africa's Muslims: Emergence Development and Transformation</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="682880" href="https://ub-bw.academia.edu/MuhammedHaron">Muhammed Haron</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The purpose of this essay is essentially three-fold: to provide a broad overview of the socio-historical context within which these communities emerged, developed and settled in the region – inadvertently laying foundations of a possible „Muslim civilization‟ in the region; to offer an insight into selected communities (e.g. South Africa) that demonstrated through their resilience the contributions that they have made during the past few decades – capturing their socio-political transformation; and to reflect upon the future of these communities in the Southern African democratic environment. It intends to however make use of the notion of „agency‟ as a theoretical frame within which to grasp these Muslim communities‟ role and position within this changing region, and it moreover prefaces the essay with an overview of Muslim demographics.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Southern Africa's Muslims: Emergence Development and Transformation","attachmentId":35155432,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/8809709/Southern_Africas_Muslims_Emergence_Development_and_Transformation","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/8809709/Southern_Africas_Muslims_Emergence_Development_and_Transformation"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":35864642,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":35864642,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_35864642" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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