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Available in 24 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-24" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">24 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B6%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="حويضة الكلية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حويضة الكلية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubre%C5%BEna_karlica" title="Bubrežna karlica – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Bubrežna karlica" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelvis_renal" title="Pelvis renal – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pelvis renal" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ledvinov%C3%A1_p%C3%A1nvi%C4%8Dka" title="Ledvinová pánvička – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ledvinová pánvička" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyreb%C3%A6kkenet" title="Nyrebækkenet – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Nyrebækkenet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nierenbecken" title="Nierenbecken – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nierenbecken" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelvis_renal" title="Pelvis renal – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pelvis renal" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giltzurrun-pelbis" title="Giltzurrun-pelbis – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Giltzurrun-pelbis" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DA%AF%D9%86%DA%86%D9%87" title="لگنچه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لگنچه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelvis_r%C3%A9nal" title="Pelvis rénal – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pelvis rénal" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BD%A9%ED%8C%A5%EA%B9%94%EB%95%8C%EA%B8%B0" title="콩팥깔때기 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="콩팥깔때기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Երիկամային ավազան – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Երիկամային ավազան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_pelvis" title="Renal pelvis – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Renal pelvis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelvi_renale" title="Pelvi renale – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pelvi renale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neerbekke" title="Neerbekke – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Neerbekke" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Бубрежна карлица – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Бубрежна карлица" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nierbekken" title="Nierbekken – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nierbekken" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%85%8E%E7%9B%A4" title="腎盤 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="腎盤" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miedniczka_nerkowa" title="Miedniczka nerkowa – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Miedniczka nerkowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Dilated part of the ureter in the kidney</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:dimgray; color: white">Renal pelvis</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Illu_kidney2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Illu_kidney2.jpg/250px-Illu_kidney2.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Illu_kidney2.jpg/375px-Illu_kidney2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Illu_kidney2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="256" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Cross-section of the kidney, with major structures labelled. The <b>renal pelvis</b>, located in the middle of the image, collects urine from the urinary calices.</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Renal_pelves_and_calices.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Renal_pelves_and_calices.png/250px-Renal_pelves_and_calices.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Renal_pelves_and_calices.png/375px-Renal_pelves_and_calices.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Renal_pelves_and_calices.png/500px-Renal_pelves_and_calices.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1459" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">An image showing just the pelvis and calices of the kidneys, with the rest of the kidney removed, from a dissected cow and seal specimen. These vary greatly in size and number depending on species.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Embryology" title="Embryology">Precursor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ureteric_bud" title="Ureteric bud">Ureteric bud</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Organ_system" title="Organ system">System</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Urinary_system" title="Urinary system">Urinary system</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Identifiers</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>pelvis renalis</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D007682">D007682</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Terminologia_Anatomica" title="Terminologia Anatomica">TA98</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ifaa.unifr.ch/Public/EntryPage/TA98%20Tree/Entity%20TA98%20EN/08.1.05.001%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm">A08.1.05.001</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Terminologia_Anatomica" title="Terminologia Anatomica">TA2</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ta2viewer.openanatomy.org/?id=3384">3384</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Foundational_Model_of_Anatomy" title="Foundational Model of Anatomy">FMA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/FMA/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2Fsig%2Font%2Ffma%2Ffma15575">15575</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><a href="/wiki/Anatomical_terminology" title="Anatomical terminology">Anatomical terminology</a><div style="text-align: right;"><small class="noprint">[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q955020" class="extiw" title="d:Q955020">edit on Wikidata</a>]</small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>renal pelvis</b> or <b>pelvis of the kidney</b> is the funnel-like dilated part of the <a href="/wiki/Ureter" title="Ureter">ureter</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Kidney" title="Kidney">kidney</a>. It is formed by the convergence of the <a href="/wiki/Renal_calyx" title="Renal calyx">major calyces</a>, acting as a funnel for urine flowing from the major calyces to the ureter. It has a <a href="/wiki/Mucous_membrane" title="Mucous membrane">mucous membrane</a> and is covered with <a href="/wiki/Transitional_epithelium" title="Transitional epithelium">transitional epithelium</a> and an underlying <a href="/wiki/Lamina_propria" title="Lamina propria">lamina propria</a> of loose-to-dense <a href="/wiki/Connective_tissue" title="Connective tissue">connective tissue</a>. </p><p>The renal pelvis is situated within the <a href="/wiki/Renal_sinus" title="Renal sinus">renal sinus</a> alongside the other structures of the renal sinus.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Clinical_significance">Clinical significance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Renal_pelvis&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Clinical significance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The renal pelvis is the location of several kinds of <a href="/wiki/Kidney_cancer" title="Kidney cancer">kidney cancer</a> and is affected by infection in <a href="/wiki/Pyelonephritis" title="Pyelonephritis">pyelonephritis</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> A large "<a href="/wiki/Staghorn_calculus" class="mw-redirect" title="Staghorn calculus">staghorn</a>" kidney stone may block all or part of the renal pelvis. </p><p>The size of the renal pelvis plays a major role in the <a href="/wiki/Hydronephrosis#Grading" title="Hydronephrosis">grading of hydronephrosis</a>. Normally, the anteroposterior diameter of the renal pelvis is less than 4 mm in <a href="/wiki/Fetus" title="Fetus">fetuses</a> up to 32 weeks of <a href="/wiki/Gestational_age_(obstetrics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gestational age (obstetrics)">gestational age</a> and 7 mm afterwards.<sup id="cite_ref-D'Addario2014_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-D'Addario2014-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In adults, 13% of the normal population have a transverse pelvic diameter of over 10 mm.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology_and_pronunciation">Etymology and pronunciation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Renal_pelvis&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Etymology and pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Like the <a href="/wiki/Pelvis" title="Pelvis">bony pelvis</a>, the renal pelvis (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'">iː</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/əl/: 'le' in 'bottle'">əl</span></span><span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span>) gets its English name via <a href="/wiki/Neo-Latin" title="Neo-Latin">Neo-Latin</a> from the older <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> word <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pelvis#Latin" class="extiw" title="wikt:pelvis">pelvis</a></i>, "basin", as in "<a href="/wiki/Sink" title="Sink">wash basin</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-MWU_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MWU-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In both cases the name reflects the shape of the structure, and in the case of the renal pelvis, it also reflects the function. The name reflects that each renal pelvis collects <a href="/wiki/Urine" title="Urine">urine</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Renal_calyx" title="Renal calyx">calyces</a> and funnels it into the <a href="/wiki/Ureter" title="Ureter">ureter</a> like a wash basin collects <a href="/wiki/Water" title="Water">water</a> and funnels it into a <a href="/wiki/Drain-waste-vent_system" title="Drain-waste-vent system">drain pipe</a>. The renal pelvis is occasionally called the <b>pyelum</b> (from Greek πύελος <i>pýelos</i>, "trough", ‘anything hollow’), and the <a href="/wiki/Classical_compound" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical compound">combining form</a> <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pyelo-#Prefix" class="extiw" title="wikt:pyelo-">pyelo-</a></i> denotes the renal pelvis (<i>pyelo-</i> is not to be confused with <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pyo-#Prefix" class="extiw" title="wikt:pyo-">pyo-</a></i>). The words <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/infundibulum#Noun" class="extiw" title="wikt:infundibulum">infundibulum</a></i> and <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/choana#Noun" class="extiw" title="wikt:choana">choana</a></i> are other words for funnel-shaped cavities (which medical English got from the Latin and Greek words for "funnel", respectively), and the renal pelvis is sometimes called the <b>renal infundibulum</b>. The form <i>*renal choana</i> <a href="/wiki/Accidental_gap" title="Accidental gap">is logical but is not used</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Additional_images">Additional images</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Renal_pelvis&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Additional images"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray1118.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Depiction of the developing renal pelvis."><img alt="Depiction of the developing renal pelvis." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Gray1118.png/120px-Gray1118.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Gray1118.png/180px-Gray1118.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Gray1118.png/240px-Gray1118.png 2x" data-file-width="595" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Depiction of the <a href="/wiki/Embryology" title="Embryology">developing</a> renal pelvis.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Slide17iii.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Cutaway section of a preserved human kidney"><img alt="Cutaway section of a preserved human kidney" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Slide17iii.JPG/120px-Slide17iii.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Slide17iii.JPG/180px-Slide17iii.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Slide17iii.JPG/240px-Slide17iii.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Cutaway section of a preserved human kidney </div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Renal_pelvis&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Renal_sinus" title="Renal sinus">Renal sinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyelectasis" title="Pyelectasis">Pyelectasis</a>, the dilation of the renal pelvis</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Renal_pelvis&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1132300315"><i>Sobotta anatomy textbook</i></a>. Friedrich Paulsen, Tobias M. Böckers, J. Waschke, Stephan Winkler, Katja Dalkowski, Jörg Mair, Sonja Klebe, Elsevier ClinicalKey. Munich. 2019. p. 354. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7020-6760-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7020-6760-0"><bdi>978-0-7020-6760-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1132300315">1132300315</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sobotta+anatomy+textbook&rft.place=Munich&rft.pages=354&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1132300315&rft.isbn=978-0-7020-6760-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1132300315&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenal+pelvis" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>) CS1 maint: others (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others" title="Category:CS1 maint: others">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-D'Addario2014-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-D'Addario2014_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2PwlBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA189">Page 189</a> in: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFV._D'Addario2014" class="citation book cs1">V. D'Addario (2014). <i>Donald School Basic Textbook of Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology</i>. JP Medical Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789351523376" title="Special:BookSources/9789351523376"><bdi>9789351523376</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Donald+School+Basic+Textbook+of+Ultrasound+in+Obstetrics+%26+Gynecology&rft.pub=JP+Medical+Ltd&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9789351523376&rft.au=V.+D%27Addario&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenal+pelvis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEmamianNielsenPedersenYtte1993" class="citation journal cs1">Emamian SA, Nielsen MB, Pedersen JF, Ytte L (1993). "Sonographic evaluation of renal appearance in 665 adult volunteers. Correlation with age and obesity". <i>Acta Radiol</i>. <b>34</b> (5): 482–5. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3109%2F02841859309175388">10.3109/02841859309175388</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8369185">8369185</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Radiol&rft.atitle=Sonographic+evaluation+of+renal+appearance+in+665+adult+volunteers.+Correlation+with+age+and+obesity&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=482-5&rft.date=1993&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3109%2F02841859309175388&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F8369185&rft.aulast=Emamian&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.au=Nielsen%2C+MB&rft.au=Pedersen%2C+JF&rft.au=Ytte%2C+L&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenal+pelvis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MWU-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MWU_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMerriam-Webster" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Merriam-Webster" title="Merriam-Webster">Merriam-Webster</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200525084504/https://unabridged.merriam-webster.com/subscriber/login?redirect_to=%2Funabridged%2F"><i>Merriam-Webster's Unabridged Dictionary</i></a>, Merriam-Webster, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unabridged.merriam-webster.com/unabridged/">the original</a> on 2020-05-25<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-02-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Merriam-Webster%27s+Unabridged+Dictionary&rft.pub=Merriam-Webster&rft.au=Merriam-Webster&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Funabridged.merriam-webster.com%2Funabridged%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARenal+pelvis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Renal_pelvis&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100101010101/http://ect.downstate.edu/courseware/haonline/figs/l40/400307.htm">Anatomy figure: 40:03-07</a> at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center—"Section of the kidney, anterior view."</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ect.downstate.edu/courseware/haonline/imgs/00000/8000/900/8962.jpg">Anatomy image:8962</a> at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081020010317/http://trc.ucdavis.edu/mjguinan/apc100/modules/Urinary/mammal/pelvis0/pelvis1.html">Anatomy photo: Urinary/mammal/pelvis0/pelvis1</a> - Comparative Organology at University of California, Davis—"Mammal, renal pelvis (Gross, Medium)"</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081020010317/http://trc.ucdavis.edu/mjguinan/apc100/modules/Urinary/mammal/pelvis1/pelvis1.html">Anatomy photo: Urinary/mammal/pelvis1/pelvis1</a> - Comparative Organology at University of California, Davis—"Mammal, renal pelvis (LM, Medium)"</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Anatomy_of_the_urinary_system" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Urinary_system_anatomy" title="Template:Urinary system anatomy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Urinary_system_anatomy" title="Template talk:Urinary system anatomy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Urinary_system_anatomy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Urinary system anatomy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Anatomy_of_the_urinary_system" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Anatomy of the <a href="/wiki/Urinary_system" title="Urinary system">urinary system</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kidney" title="Kidney">Kidneys</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Layers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Renal_fascia" title="Renal fascia">Fascia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renal_capsule" title="Renal capsule">Capsule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renal_cortex" title="Renal cortex">Cortex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Renal_column" title="Renal column">column</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renal_medulla" title="Renal medulla">Medulla</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Renal_pyramids" class="mw-redirect" title="Renal pyramids">pyramids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medullary_interstitium" class="mw-redirect" title="Medullary interstitium">medullary interstitium</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renal_sinus" title="Renal sinus">Sinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renal_lobe" title="Renal lobe">Lobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cortical_lobule" title="Cortical lobule">Cortical lobule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medullary_ray_(anatomy)" title="Medullary ray (anatomy)">Medullary ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nephron" title="Nephron">Nephron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Renal_circulation" title="Renal circulation">Circulation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Arteries <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Renal_artery" title="Renal artery">Renal artery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segmental_arteries_of_kidney" class="mw-redirect" title="Segmental arteries of kidney">segmental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interlobar_arteries" title="Interlobar arteries">interlobar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arcuate_arteries_of_the_kidney" title="Arcuate arteries of the kidney">arcuate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interlobular_arteries" title="Interlobular arteries">interlobular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afferent_arterioles" title="Afferent arterioles">afferent</a></li></ul></li> <li>Veins <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Renal_vein" title="Renal vein">Renal vein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peritubular_capillaries" title="Peritubular capillaries">Peritubular capillaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight_arterioles_of_kidney" class="mw-redirect" title="Straight arterioles of kidney">Vasa recta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arcuate_vein" title="Arcuate vein">arcuate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interlobar_veins" title="Interlobar veins">interlobar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efferent_arteriole" title="Efferent arteriole">efferent</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nephron" title="Nephron">Nephron</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Renal_corpuscle" title="Renal corpuscle">Renal corpuscle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glomerulus_(kidney)" title="Glomerulus (kidney)">Glomerulus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowman%27s_capsule" title="Bowman's capsule">Bowman's capsule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glomerular_basement_membrane" title="Glomerular basement membrane">Glomerular basement membrane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Podocyte" title="Podocyte">Podocyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filtration_slits" class="mw-redirect" title="Filtration slits">Filtration slits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesangium" class="mw-redirect" title="Mesangium">Mesangium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intraglomerular_mesangial_cell" title="Intraglomerular mesangial cell">Intraglomerular mesangial cell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Renal_tubule" class="mw-redirect" title="Renal tubule">Renal tubule</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proximal_convoluted_tubule" class="mw-redirect" title="Proximal convoluted tubule">Proximal convoluted tubule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loop_of_Henle" title="Loop of Henle">Loop of Henle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Descending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle" title="Descending limb of loop of Henle">Descending</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle" title="Ascending limb of loop of Henle">Thin ascending</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle" title="Ascending limb of loop of Henle">Thick ascending</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distal_convoluted_tubule" title="Distal convoluted tubule">Distal convoluted tubule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collecting_duct_system" title="Collecting duct system">Collecting duct system</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Connecting_tubule" class="mw-redirect" title="Connecting tubule">Connecting tubule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papillary_duct" class="mw-redirect" title="Papillary duct">Papillary duct</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tubular_fluid" title="Tubular fluid">Tubular fluid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renal_papilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Renal papilla">Renal papilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renal_calyx" title="Renal calyx">Minor calyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renal_calyx" title="Renal calyx">Major calyx</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Renal pelvis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Juxtaglomerular_apparatus" title="Juxtaglomerular apparatus">Juxtaglomerular apparatus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macula_densa" title="Macula densa">Macula densa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juxtaglomerular_cell" title="Juxtaglomerular cell">Juxtaglomerular cells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesangium" class="mw-redirect" title="Mesangium">Mesangium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extraglomerular_mesangial_cell" title="Extraglomerular mesangial cell">Extraglomerular mesangial cell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ureter" title="Ureter">Ureters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ureteropelvic_junction" class="mw-redirect" title="Ureteropelvic junction">Ureteropelvic junction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Urinary_bladder" class="mw-redirect" title="Urinary bladder">Bladder</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Circulation <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vesical_arteries" title="Vesical arteries">Vesical arteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vesical_veins" title="Vesical veins">Vesical veins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaginal_artery" title="Vaginal artery">Vaginal artery</a> (female)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detrusor_muscle" title="Detrusor muscle">Detrusor muscle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Median_umbilical_ligament" title="Median umbilical ligament">Median umbilical ligament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trigone_of_the_urinary_bladder" title="Trigone of the urinary bladder">Trigone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Urethra" title="Urethra">Urethra</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internal_urethral_orifice" title="Internal urethral orifice">Internal urethral orifice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urethral_sphincters" title="Urethral sphincters">Urethral sphincters</a> <ul><li>External <ul><li><a href="/wiki/External_sphincter_muscle_of_male_urethra" title="External sphincter muscle of male urethra">male</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/External_sphincter_muscle_of_female_urethra" title="External sphincter muscle of female urethra">female</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_urethral_sphincter" title="Internal urethral sphincter">Internal</a></li></ul></li> <li>Male urethra <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pre-prostatic_urethra" title="Pre-prostatic urethra">pre-prostatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostatic_urethra" title="Prostatic urethra">prostatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Membranous_urethra" title="Membranous urethra">intermediate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spongy_urethra" title="Spongy urethra">spongy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navicular_fossa_of_male_urethra" title="Navicular fossa of male urethra">navicular fossa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lacunae_of_Morgagni" title="Lacunae of Morgagni">Lacunae of Morgagni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urethral_gland" title="Urethral gland">urethral gland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urinary_meatus" title="Urinary meatus">Urinary meatus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q955020#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q955020#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q955020#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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