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vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menú principal" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menú principal</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menú principal</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navegació </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portada" title="Visiteu la pàgina principal [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Portada</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Article_aleatori" title="Carrega una pàgina a l’atzar [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Article a l'atzar</span></a></li><li id="n-Articles-de-qualitat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Articles_de_qualitat"><span>Articles de qualitat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Comunitat" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Comunitat" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Comunitat </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Portal" title="Sobre el projecte, què podeu fer, on trobareu les coses"><span>Portal viquipedista</span></a></li><li id="n-Agenda-d'actes" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Trobades"><span>Agenda d'actes</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Canvis_recents" title="Una llista dels canvis recents al wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Canvis recents</span></a></li><li id="n-La-taverna" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:La_taverna"><span>La taverna</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Contacte"><span>Contacte</span></a></li><li id="n-Xat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Canals_IRC"><span>Xat</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Ajuda" title="El lloc per a saber més coses"><span>Ajuda</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Portada" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Viquipèdia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ca.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.4375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="l'Enciclopèdia Lliure" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ca.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Cerca" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cerca a la Viquipèdia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Cerca</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Cerca a Viquipèdia" aria-label="Cerca a Viquipèdia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cerca a la Viquipèdia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Especial:Cerca"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cerca</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Eines personals"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aparença" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aparença</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&uselang=ca" class=""><span>Donatius</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&returnto=Illes+del+cel" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori" class=""><span>Crea un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&returnto=Illes+del+cel" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Inicia la sessió</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Més opcions" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines personals" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eines personals</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menú d'usuari" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&uselang=ca"><span>Donatius</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&returnto=Illes+del+cel" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Crea un compte</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&returnto=Illes+del+cel" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Inicia la sessió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pàgines per a editors no registrats <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introducci%C3%B3" aria-label="Vegeu més informació sobre l'edició"><span>més informació</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Contribucions_pr%C3%B2pies" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d'aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Discussi%C3%B3_personal" title="Discussió sobre les edicions per aquesta adreça ip. [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussió per aquest IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Origen_del_terme" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origen_del_terme"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Origen del terme</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origen_del_terme-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Illes_de_cel_al_món" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Illes_de_cel_al_món"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Illes de cel al món</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Illes_de_cel_al_món-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Illes de cel al món</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Illes_de_cel_al_món-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ecozona_afrotropical" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecozona_afrotropical"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Ecozona afrotropical</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ecozona_afrotropical-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ecozona_Australàsia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecozona_Australàsia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Ecozona Australàsia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ecozona_Australàsia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ecozona_Indomalaia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecozona_Indomalaia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Ecozona Indomalaia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ecozona_Indomalaia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ecozona_neàrtica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecozona_neàrtica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Ecozona neàrtica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ecozona_neàrtica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ecozona_Neotròpica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecozona_Neotròpica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Ecozona Neotròpica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ecozona_Neotròpica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ecozona_paleàrtica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecozona_paleàrtica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Ecozona paleàrtica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ecozona_paleàrtica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referències" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referències"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Referències</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referències-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vegeu_també" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vegeu_també"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Vegeu també</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vegeu_també-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Enllaços_externs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enllaços_externs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Enllaços externs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enllaços_externs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Illes del cel</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 16 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="جزر السماء - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جزر السماء" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sky_Island" title="Sky Island - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sky Island" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sky_island" title="Sky island - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sky island" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%88ielinsulo" title="Ĉielinsulo - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĉielinsulo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islas_serranas" title="Islas serranas - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Islas serranas" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sky_island" title="Sky island - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sky island" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99_%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D" title="אי שמיים - hebreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אי שמיים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sky_island" title="Sky island - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sky island" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AB%E3%82%A4%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89" title="スカイ・アイランド - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="スカイ・アイランド" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sky_island" title="Sky island - neerlandès" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sky island" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilha_do_c%C3%A9u" title="Ilha do céu - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ilha do céu" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sky_island" title="Sky island - romanès" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sky island" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2_(%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B0)" title="Небесный остров (форма рельефа) - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Небесный остров (форма рельефа)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="மேகத் தீவுகள் - tàmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மேகத் தீவுகள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tàmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B2" title="Небесний острів - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Небесний острів" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%A9%BA%E5%B3%B6" title="天空島 - xinès" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="天空島" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xinès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1584931#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica enllaços interlingües" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica els enllaços</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espais de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Illes_del_cel" title="Vegeu el contingut de la pàgina [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Pàgina</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussi%C3%B3:Illes_del_cel" rel="discussion" title="Discussió sobre el contingut d'aquesta pàgina [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Canvia la variant de llengua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">català</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vistes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Illes_del_cel"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illes_del_cel&action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d'aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illes_del_cel&action=history" title="Versions antigues d'aquesta pàgina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eines</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Eines</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Més opcions" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Accions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Illes_del_cel"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illes_del_cel&action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d'aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illes_del_cel&action=history"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Enlla%C3%A7os/Illes_del_cel" title="Una llista de totes les pàgines wiki que enllacen amb aquesta [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Què hi enllaça</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Seguiment/Illes_del_cel" rel="nofollow" title="Canvis recents a pàgines enllaçades des d'aquesta pàgina [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Canvis relacionats</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A0gines_especials" title="Llista totes les pàgines especials [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pàgines especials</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illes_del_cel&oldid=32557040" title="Enllaç permanent a aquesta revisió de la pàgina"><span>Enllaç permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illes_del_cel&action=info" title="Més informació sobre aquesta pàgina"><span>Informació de la pàgina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citau&page=Illes_del_cel&id=32557040&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informació sobre com citar aquesta pàgina"><span>Citau aquest article</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fca.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIlles_del_cel"><span>Obtén una URL abreujada</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fca.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIlles_del_cel"><span>Descarrega el codi QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimeix/exporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Llibre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Illes+del+cel"><span>Crea un llibre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Illes_del_cel&action=show-download-screen"><span>Baixa com a PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illes_del_cel&printable=yes" title="Versió per a impressió d'aquesta pàgina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versió per a impressora</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> En altres projectes </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sky_islands" hreflang="en"><span>Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1584931" title="Enllaç a l'element del repositori de dades connectat [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element a Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chiricahua_mtns-kmf.JPG/330px-Chiricahua_mtns-kmf.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Chiricahua_mtns-kmf.JPG/440px-Chiricahua_mtns-kmf.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Serra de Chiricahua sobre el desert.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:SkyIslands_from_SantaCatalinaMtns.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/SkyIslands_from_SantaCatalinaMtns.JPG/220px-SkyIslands_from_SantaCatalinaMtns.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/SkyIslands_from_SantaCatalinaMtns.JPG/330px-SkyIslands_from_SantaCatalinaMtns.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/SkyIslands_from_SantaCatalinaMtns.JPG/440px-SkyIslands_from_SantaCatalinaMtns.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2130" data-file-height="1338" /></a><figcaption>Vista d'illes del cel en la serra de la Santa Rita des de la <a href="/wiki/Serra_de_Santa_Catalina" title="Serra de Santa Catalina">serra de Santa Catalina</a> a <a href="/wiki/Tucson" title="Tucson">Tucson</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Les <b>illes del cel</b> (<span>en</span> <a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A8s" title="Anglès">anglès</a>: <i>Sky island</i>) són <a href="/wiki/Muntanya" title="Muntanya">muntanyes</a> que estan aïllades per terres baixes amb un <a href="/wiki/Clima" title="Clima">clima</a> totalment diferent, la qual cosa, associat a la zonificació altitudinal dels <a href="/wiki/Ecosistema" title="Ecosistema">ecosistemes</a>, té un impacte significatiu sobre els seus hàbitats naturals. Entre els fenòmens que podem trobar a les illes del cel, estan l'endemisme, <a href="/wiki/Ocell_migrador" title="Ocell migrador">migració vertical d'aus</a> i les poblacions de <a href="/wiki/Relicte" title="Relicte">relicte</a>. La complexa dinàmica de la <a href="/wiki/Riquesa_d%27esp%C3%A8cies" title="Riquesa d'espècies">riquesa d'espècies</a> que podem trobar a les illes del cel crida l'atenció de les disciplines que tracten la biogeografia així com la biodiversitat. Una de les claus de les illes del cel és la separació física d'altres complexos muntanyencs, la qual cosa resulta en un hàbitat d'illa, com ho és el d'un bosc que està envoltat pel desert. Algunes de les illes del cel són refugi per a espècies boreals en el <a href="/wiki/Canvi_clim%C3%A0tic" title="Canvi climàtic">canvi climàtic</a> actual i des de l'última <a href="/wiki/Edat_glacial" title="Edat glacial">glaciació</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origen_del_terme">Origen del terme</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illes_del_cel&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Origen del terme"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>El terme va ser popularitzat per l'escriptor de la natura Heald Weldon, resident al sud-est d'Arizona. En el seu llibre de 1967, <i>Sky Island</i>, va demostrar el concepte descrivint un viatge des de la localitat de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rodeo_(Nou_M%C3%A8xic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rodeo (Nou Mèxic (encara no existeix)">Rodeo</a>, Nou Mèxic, en el <a href="/wiki/Desert_de_Chihuahua" title="Desert de Chihuahua">desert occidental de Chihuahua</a>, fins a un cim a la serra de Chiricahua, a 56 km de distància i 1.700 m més elevat. Ascendint des del calorós i àrid desert, les transicions d'entorn fins a les pastures, i després als boscos de roure-pi, boscos de pi, avet i finalment al bosc de pícea-avet-àlber. El llibre esmenta el concepte de bioma, però prefereix la terminologia de zones de vida, i fa referència a la tasca de <a href="/wiki/Clinton_Hart_Merriam" title="Clinton Hart Merriam">Clinton Hart Merriam</a>. El llibre també descriu la vida silvestre i les condicions de vida dels <a href="/wiki/Chiricahua" title="Chiricahua">chiricahues</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Per la mateixa època, la idea de les muntanyes com a illes d'hàbitat va quallar entre els científics i ha estat utilitzada per escriptors tan populars com <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Quammen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Quammen (encara no existeix)">David Quammen</a><sup id="cite_ref-Quammen_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Quammen-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McPhee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John McPhee (encara no existeix)">John McPhee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aquest concepte s'inscriu en l'estudi de la <a href="/wiki/Biogeografia_d%27illes" title="Biogeografia d'illes">biogeografia d'illes</a>. No es limita a les muntanyes al sud-oest d'Amèrica del Nord, ja que es pot aplicar a les muntanyes, terres altes, i massissos de tot el món.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Molt abans, el concepte d'illa de cel va ser esmentada el 1943 per Natt N. Dodge en un article a <i>Arizona Highways Magazine</i> quan es va referir a la serra de Chiricahua al sud-est d'Arizona com una «(...) illa muntanyenca en un mar desert». ("... mountain island in a desert sea").<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Illes_de_cel_al_món"><span id="Illes_de_cel_al_m.C3.B3n"></span>Illes de cel al món</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illes_del_cel&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la secció: Illes de cel al món"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ecozona_afrotropical"><a href="/wiki/Zona_afrotr%C3%B2pica" title="Zona afrotròpica">Ecozona afrotropical</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illes_del_cel&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la secció: Ecozona afrotropical"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cal_Madow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cal Madow (encara no existeix)">Cal Madow</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selva_de_la_serralada_de_Camerun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Selva de la serralada de Camerun (encara no existeix)">Selva de la serralada de Camerun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altipl%C3%A0_d%27Eti%C3%B2pia" title="Altiplà d'Etiòpia">Massís etíop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geografia_de_Sud-%C3%A0frica" title="Geografia de Sud-àfrica">Highlands of southern Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mont_Kilimanjaro" class="mw-redirect" title="Mont Kilimanjaro">Mont Kilimanjaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muntanyes_Rwenzori" title="Muntanyes Rwenzori">Muntanyes Rwenzori</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ecozona_Australàsia"><span id="Ecozona_Austral.C3.A0sia"></span>Ecozona Australàsia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illes_del_cel&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la secció: Ecozona Australàsia"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mont_Wilhelm" title="Mont Wilhelm">Mont Wilhelm</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ecozona_Indomalaia"><a href="/wiki/Zona_indomalaia" title="Zona indomalaia">Ecozona Indomalaia</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illes_del_cel&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la secció: Ecozona Indomalaia"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fan_Si_Pa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fan Si Pa (encara no existeix)">Fan Si Pa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muntanyes_Jade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muntanyes Jade (encara no existeix)">Muntanyes Jade</a>, a Taiwan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mont_Kinabalu" title="Mont Kinabalu">Mont Kinabalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nat_Ma_Taung" title="Nat Ma Taung">Nat Dt. Taung</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%A2y_Nguy%C3%AAn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tây Nguyên (encara no existeix)">Tây Nguyên</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muntanyes_Titiwangsa" title="Muntanyes Titiwangsa">Muntanyes Titiwangsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghats_Occidentals" title="Ghats Occidentals">Ghats Occidentals</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ecozona_neàrtica"><span id="Ecozona_ne.C3.A0rtica"></span><a href="/wiki/Zona_ne%C3%A0rtica" title="Zona neàrtica">Ecozona neàrtica</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illes_del_cel&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la secció: Ecozona neàrtica"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arxip%C3%A8lag_Madrense" title="Arxipèlag Madrense">Arxipèlag Madrense</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_Basin_montane_forests&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Great Basin montane forests (encara no existeix)">Great Basin montane forests</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muntanyes_Guadalupe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muntanyes Guadalupe (encara no existeix)">Muntanyes Guadalupe</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ecozona_Neotròpica"><span id="Ecozona_Neotr.C3.B2pica"></span><a href="/wiki/Zona_neotropical" title="Zona neotropical">Ecozona Neotròpica</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illes_del_cel&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la secció: Ecozona Neotròpica"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baixa_Calif%C3%B2rnia" title="Baixa Califòrnia">Baixa Califòrnia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serralada_d%27Am%C3%A8rica_Central&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serralada d'Amèrica Central (encara no existeix)">Serralada d'Amèrica Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escut_guaian%C3%A8s" title="Escut guaianès">Escut guayanés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serra_do_Mar" class="mw-redirect" title="Serra do Mar">Serra do Mar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serralada_de_la_Costa_(Vene%C3%A7uela)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serralada de la Costa (Veneçuela) (encara no existeix)">Serralada de la Costa (Veneçuela)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ecozona_paleàrtica"><span id="Ecozona_pale.C3.A0rtica"></span><a href="/wiki/Zona_pale%C3%A0rtica" title="Zona paleàrtica">Ecozona paleàrtica</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illes_del_cel&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la secció: Ecozona paleàrtica"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%AFr" title="Aïr">Muntanyes de Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass%C3%ADs_de_l%27Altai" title="Massís de l'Altai">Muntanyes Altai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muntanyes_Baikal" title="Muntanyes Baikal">Muntanyes Baikal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muntanyes_del_Caucas" title="Muntanyes del Caucas">Muntanyes del Caucas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibesti" title="Tibesti">Muntanyes Tibesti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tian_Shan" title="Tian Shan">Tien Shan</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referències"><span id="Refer.C3.A8ncies"></span>Referències</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illes_del_cel&action=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la secció: Referències"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist {{#if: | references-column-count references-column-count-{{{col}}}" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><sup title="Cal donar format a aquesta referència." class="noprint"><span class="noprint" style="color:blue;"><i>[<a href="/wiki/VP:REF" class="mw-redirect" title="VP:REF">enllaç sense format</a>]</i></span></sup> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.iesa.gob.mx/sonarida/23/islas_del_cielo.htm">http://www.iesa.gob.mx/sonarida/23/islas_del_cielo.htm</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090929070336/http://www.iesa.gob.mx/sonarida/23/islas_del_cielo.htm">Arxivat</a> 2009-09-29 a <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFHeald1967"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Heald</span>, Weldon. <i>Sky Island</i>.  Princeton, NJ: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Van_Nostrand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Van Nostrand (encara no existeix)">Van Nostrand</a>, 1967, p. 114–126.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sky+Island&rft.aulast=Heald&rft.aufirst=Weldon&rft.date=1967&rft.pub=%5B%5BVan+Nostrand%5D%5D&rft.place=Princeton%2C+NJ&rft.pages=114%E2%80%93126"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Quammen-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Quammen_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFQuammen2004"><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Quammen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Quammen (encara no existeix)"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Quammen</span>, David</a>. <i>The Song of the Dodo: Island Biogeography in An Age of Extinctions</i>.  Nueva York: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Scribner%27s_Sons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Scribner's Sons (encara no existeix)">Scribner</a>, 2004, p. 436–447. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-0-684-82712-4" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-0-684-82712-4">ISBN 978-0-684-82712-4</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Song+of+the+Dodo%3A+Island+Biogeography+in+An+Age+of+Extinctions&rft.aulast=Quammen&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2004&rft.pub=%5B%5BCharles+Scribner%27s+Sons%7CScribner%5D%5D&rft.place=Nueva%26nbsp%3BYork&rft.pages=436%E2%80%93447&rft.isbn=978-0-684-82712-4"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFMcPhee1981"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_McPhee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John McPhee (encara no existeix)"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">McPhee</span>, John</a>. <i>Basin and Range</i>.  Nueva York: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Farrar,_Straus_and_Giroux&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Farrar, Straus and Giroux (encara no existeix)">Farrar, Straus and Giroux</a>, 1981, p. 46. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/0-374-10914-1" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/0-374-10914-1">ISBN 0-374-10914-1</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Basin+and+Range&rft.aulast=McPhee&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1981&rft.pub=%5B%5BFarrar%2C+Straus+and+Giroux%5D%5D&rft.place=Nueva%26nbsp%3BYork&rft.pages=46&rft.isbn=0-374-10914-1"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFWarshall1994"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Warshall</span>, Peter. <i>The Madrean Sky Island Archipelago: A Planetary Overview</i>.  Fort Collins, CO: <a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Forest_Service&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United States Forest Service (encara no existeix)">United States Forest Service</a>, 19 de setembre de 1994.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Madrean+Sky+Island+Archipelago%3A+A+Planetary+Overview&rft.aulast=Warshall&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=19+de+setembre+de+1994&rft.pub=%5B%5BUnited+States+Forest+Service%5D%5D&rft.place=Fort+Collins%2C+CO"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFDodge1943"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Dodge</span>, Natt «Monument in the Mountain». <i>Arizona Highways</i>. Arizona Highway Department [Phoenix, AZ], 19, 3, 3-1943, p. 20–28..</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vegeu_també"><span id="Vegeu_tamb.C3.A9"></span>Vegeu també</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illes_del_cel&action=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la secció: Vegeu també"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Refugi_(biologia)" title="Refugi (biologia)">Refugi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tepuy" class="mw-redirect" title="Tepuy">Tepuy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zonaci%C3%B3_altitudinal" title="Zonació altitudinal">Zonació altitudinal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistema_de_classificaci%C3%B3_de_zones_de_vida_de_Holdridge" title="Sistema de classificació de zones de vida de Holdridge">Zones de vida de Holdridge</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Enllaços_externs"><span id="Enlla.C3.A7os_externs"></span>Enllaços externs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illes_del_cel&action=edit&section=11" title="Modifica la secció: Enllaços externs"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.skyislandalliance.org/">Sky Island Alliance homepage</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33711417">.mw-parser-output .languageicon{font-size:0.95em;color:#555;background-color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .languageicon{background-color:inherit;color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .languageicon{background-color:inherit;color:white}}</style><span class="languageicon" title="En anglès">(anglès)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.skyislands.us/">Sky Islands Traverse long distance hiking route</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170710140231/http://www.skyislands.us/">Arxivat</a> 2017-07-10 a <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33711417"><span class="languageicon" title="En anglès">(anglès)</span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Obtingut de «<a dir="ltr" href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Illes_del_cel&oldid=32557040">https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Illes_del_cel&oldid=32557040</a>»</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categorias" title="Especial:Categorias">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Biogeografia" title="Categoria:Biogeografia">Biogeografia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Muntanyes" title="Categoria:Muntanyes">Muntanyes</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categories ocultes: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Articles_amb_refer%C3%A8ncies_sense_format" title="Categoria:Articles amb referències sense format">Articles amb referències sense format</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Articles_amb_la_plantilla_Webarchive_amb_enlla%C3%A7_wayback" title="Categoria:Articles amb la plantilla Webarchive amb enllaç wayback">Articles amb la plantilla Webarchive amb enllaç wayback</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> La pàgina va ser modificada per darrera vegada el 14 oct 2023 a les 09:29.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">El text està disponible sota la <a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Text_de_la_llic%C3%A8ncia_de_Creative_Commons_Reconeixement-Compartir_Igual_4.0_No_adaptada" title="Viquipèdia:Text de la llicència de Creative Commons Reconeixement-Compartir Igual 4.0 No adaptada"> Llicència de Creative Commons Reconeixement i Compartir-Igual</a>; es poden aplicar termes addicionals. 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