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ant-col-md-24 ant-col-lg-17"><div data-ad-container="true" class="adContainer--6CVz1 vertical"><span class="adLabel--35hfi">Advertisement</span><div id="div-gpt-ad-pc-wd-top" style="min-width:728px;min-height:90px"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa"><div><div class="" style="position:relative"><h1 title="Origin and meaning of perspiration" class="word__name--TTbAA">perspiration (n.)</h1><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH"><p>1610s, "a breathing through," a sense now obsolete, from French <span class="foreign notranslate">perspiration</span> (1560s), noun of action from <span class="foreign notranslate">perspirer</span> "perspire," from Latin <span class="foreign notranslate">perspirare</span> "blow or breathe constantly," from <span class="foreign notranslate">per</span> "through" (from PIE root <a href="/word/*per-#etymonline_v_52721" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of *per- " rel="nofollow" class="crossreference notranslate">*per-</a> (1) "forward," hence "through") + <span class="foreign notranslate">spirare</span> "to breathe, blow" (see <a href="/word/spirit#etymonline_v_24031" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of spirit " class="crossreference notranslate">spirit</a> (n.)). Applied by 1620s to "excretion of invisible moistures through the skin," hence its later use as a euphemism for "sweat" (1725).</p></section><div class="word__firstRecorded--3lZB8">also from <a rel="nofollow" class="word__firstRecorded_time--28qNE" href="/search?sort=a&q=from:1610s">1610s</a></div></div></div></div><div class="related--32LCi"><h3 class="h3_title" title="words related to perspiration">Entries linking to <i>perspiration</i></h3><div class="related__details--2kumU"><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8"><div><a class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of spirit" href="/word/spirit#etymonline_v_24031">spirit (n.)<i class="fa fa-image" style="margin-left:5px;color:#888"></i><span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></a><div class="word__etymology_expand--1s7tE"><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined"><div style="float:left;padding-right:10px;padding-top:5px;height:85px;width:90px;overflow:hidden"><a title="Origin and meaning of spirit" href="/word/spirit?utm_source=related_entries#etymonline_v_24031"><img style="max-width:80px" src="https://cdn.etymonline.com/chart/crop/etymology-spirit-24031p_l.jpg" alt="Origin and meaning of spirit"/></a></div><p>mid-13c., "life, the animating or vital principle in man and animals," from Anglo-French <span class="foreign notranslate">spirit</span>, Old French <span class="foreign notranslate">espirit</span> "spirit, soul" (12c., Modern French <span class="foreign notranslate">esprit</span>) and directly from Latin <span class="foreign notranslate">spiritus</span> "a breathing (of respiration, also of the wind), breath;" also "breath of a god," hence "inspiration; breath of life," hence life itself.</p> <p>The Latin word also could mean "disposition, character; high spirit, vigor, courage; pride, arrogance." It is a derivative of <span class="foreign notranslate">spirare</span> "to breathe," and formerly was said to be perhaps from a PIE <span class="foreign notranslate">*(s)peis-</span> "to blow" (source also of Old Church Slavonic <span class="foreign notranslate">pisto</span> "to play on the flute"). But de Vaan says the Latin verb is "Possibly an onomatopoeic formation imitating the sound of breathing. There are no direct cognates." Compare <a href="/word/conspire" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of conspire " class="crossreference notranslate">conspire</a>, <a href="/word/expire" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of expire " class="crossreference notranslate">expire</a>, <a href="/word/inspire" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of inspire " class="crossreference notranslate">inspire</a>.</p> <p>In English it is attested from late 14c. as "divine substance, divine mind, God;" also "Christ" or His divine nature; also "the Holy Ghost; divine power." Also by late 14c. as "the soul as the seat of morality in man," and "extension of divine power to man; inspiration, a charismatic state; charismatic power," especially in reference to prophecy.</p> <p>The meaning "supernatural immaterial creature; angel, demon; an apparition, invisible corporeal being of an airy nature" is attested from mid-14c. The word is attested by late 14c. as "ghost, disembodied soul of a person" (compare <a href="/word/ghost#etymonline_v_6062" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of ghost " class="crossreference notranslate">ghost</a> (n.)). <strong><span class="foreign notranslate">Spirit-rapping</span></strong>, colloquial for <a href="/word/spiritualism" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of spiritualism " class="crossreference notranslate">spiritualism</a> in the supernatural sense, is from 1852. <strong><span class="foreign notranslate">Spirit-world</span></strong> "world of disembodied spirits" is by 1829.</p> <p>It is attested from late 14c. as "essential nature, essential quality." The non-theological sense of "essential principle of something" (as in <span class="foreign notranslate">Spirit of St. Louis</span>) is attested from 1680s and was common after 1800. The <strong><span class="foreign notranslate">Spirit of '76</span></strong> in reference to the qualities that sparked and sustained the American Revolution of 1776 is attested by 1797 in William Cobbett's "Porcupine's Gazette and Daily Advertiser."</p> <p>It also is attested from mid-14c. in English as "character, disposition; way of thinking and feeling, state of mind; source of a human desire;" in Middle English <span class="foreign notranslate">freedom of spirit</span> meant "freedom of choice." It is attested from 1580s in the metaphoric sense of "animation, vitality," and by c. 1600 as "frame of mind with which something is done," also "mettle, vigor of mind, courage."</p> <p>From late 14c. in alchemy as "volatile substance; distillate" (and from c. 1500 as "substance capable of uniting the fixed and the volatile elements of the philosopher's stone"). Hence <strong><span class="foreign notranslate">spirits</span></strong> "volatile substance;" the sense of which narrowed to "strong alcoholic liquor" by 1670s. This also is the sense in <strong><span class="foreign notranslate">spirit level</span></strong> (1768), so called for the liquid in the clear tube.</p> <p>According to Barnhart and OED (1989), the earliest use of the word in English mainly is from passages in the Vulgate, where the Latin word translates Greek <span class="foreign notranslate">pneuma</span> and Hebrew <span class="foreign notranslate">ruah</span>. A distinction between <span class="foreign notranslate"><a href="/word/soul" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of soul " class="crossreference notranslate">soul</a></span> and <span class="foreign notranslate">spirit</span> (as "seat of emotions") became current in Christian terminology (such as Greek <span class="foreign notranslate">psykhē</span> and <span class="foreign notranslate">pneuma</span>, Latin <span class="foreign notranslate">anima</span> and <span class="foreign notranslate">spiritus</span>) but "is without significance for earlier periods" [Buck]. Latin <span class="foreign notranslate">spiritus</span>, usually in classical Latin "breath," replaced <span class="foreign notranslate">animus</span> in the sense "spirit" in the imperial period and appears in Christian writings as the usual equivalent of Greek <span class="foreign notranslate">pneuma</span>.</p> <blockquote> in brief, conceive light invisible, and that is a spirit. [T. Browne, " <span class="foreign notranslate">Religio Medici</span>"] </blockquote></section></div></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8"><div><a class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of perspire" href="/word/perspire#etymonline_v_35878">perspire (v.)<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></a><div class="word__etymology_expand--1s7tE"><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined"><div></div><p>1640s, of a volatile liquid, "to evaporate through the pores" (intransitive), a back-formation from <a href="/word/perspiration" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of perspiration " class="crossreference notranslate">perspiration</a> and in part from Latin <span class="foreign notranslate">perspirare</span> "blow or breathe constantly," from <span class="foreign notranslate">per</span> "through" (from PIE root <a href="/word/*per-#etymonline_v_52721" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of *per- " rel="nofollow" class="crossreference notranslate">*per-</a> (1) "forward," hence "through") + <span class="foreign notranslate">spirare</span> "to breathe, blow" (see <a href="/word/spirit#etymonline_v_24031" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of spirit " class="crossreference notranslate">spirit</a> (n.)). The meaning "to sweat, to give out watery substance through the pores of the skin" (intransitive) is a polite usage attested from 1725. Medical men tried to maintain a distinction between "sensible" (sweat) and "insensible" perspiration:</p> <blockquote> [I]t is sufficient for common use to observe, that perspiration is that insensible discharge of vapour from the whole surface of the body and the lungs which is constantly going on in a healthy state; that it is always natural and always salutary; that sweat, on the contrary, is an evacuation, which never appears without some uncommon effort, or some disease to the system, that it weakens and relaxes, and is so far from coinciding with perspiration, that it obstructs and checks it. [Charles White, "A Treatise on the Management of Pregnant and Lying-in Women," London, 1791] </blockquote> <p>Related: <span class="foreign notranslate">Perspired</span>; <span class="foreign notranslate">perspiring</span>.</p></section></div></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8"><div><a class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of *per-" href="/word/*per-#etymonline_v_52721">*per- (1)<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></a><div class="word__etymology_expand--1s7tE"><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined"><div></div><p>Proto-Indo-European root forming prepositions, etc., meaning "forward," and, by extension, "in front of, before, first, chief, toward, near, against," etc.</p> <p>It forms all or part of: <a href="/word/afford" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of afford " class="crossreference notranslate">afford</a>; <a href="/word/approach" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of approach " class="crossreference notranslate">approach</a>; <a href="/word/appropriate" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of appropriate " class="crossreference notranslate">appropriate</a>; <a href="/word/approve" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of approve " class="crossreference notranslate">approve</a>; <a href="/word/approximate" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of approximate " class="crossreference notranslate">approximate</a>; <a href="/word/barbican" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of barbican " class="crossreference notranslate">barbican</a>; <a href="/word/before" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of before " class="crossreference notranslate">before</a>; <a href="/word/deprive" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of deprive " class="crossreference notranslate">deprive</a>; <a href="/word/expropriate" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of expropriate " class="crossreference notranslate">expropriate</a>; <a href="/word/far" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of far " class="crossreference notranslate">far</a>; <a href="/word/first" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of first " class="crossreference notranslate">first</a>; <a href="/word/for" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of for " class="crossreference notranslate">for</a>; <a href="/word/for-" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of for- " class="crossreference notranslate">for-</a>; <a href="/word/fore" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of fore " class="crossreference notranslate">fore</a>; <a href="/word/fore-" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of fore- " class="crossreference notranslate">fore-</a>; <a href="/word/forefather" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of forefather " class="crossreference notranslate">forefather</a>; <a href="/word/foremost" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of foremost " class="crossreference notranslate">foremost</a>; <a href="/word/former#etymonline_v_11811" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of former " class="crossreference notranslate">former</a> (adj.); <a href="/word/forth" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of forth " class="crossreference notranslate">forth</a>; <a href="/word/frame" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of frame " class="crossreference notranslate">frame</a>; <a href="/word/frau" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of frau " class="crossreference notranslate">frau</a>; <a href="/word/fret" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of fret " class="crossreference notranslate">fret</a>; <a href="/word/Freya" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of Freya " class="crossreference notranslate">Freya</a>; <a href="/word/fro" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of fro " class="crossreference notranslate">fro</a>; <a href="/word/froward" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of froward " class="crossreference notranslate">froward</a>; <a href="/word/from" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of from " class="crossreference notranslate">from</a>; <a href="/word/furnish" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of furnish " class="crossreference notranslate">furnish</a>; <a href="/word/furniture" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of furniture " class="crossreference notranslate">furniture</a>; <a href="/word/further" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of further " class="crossreference notranslate">further</a>; <a href="/word/galore" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of galore " class="crossreference notranslate">galore</a>; <a href="/word/hysteron-proteron" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of hysteron-proteron " class="crossreference notranslate">hysteron-proteron</a>; <a href="/word/impervious" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of impervious " class="crossreference notranslate">impervious</a>; <a href="/word/improbity" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of improbity " class="crossreference notranslate">improbity</a>; <a href="/word/impromptu" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of impromptu " class="crossreference notranslate">impromptu</a>; <a href="/word/improve" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of improve " class="crossreference notranslate">improve</a>; <a href="/word/palfrey" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of palfrey " class="crossreference notranslate">palfrey</a>; <a href="/word/par#etymonline_v_46183" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of par " class="crossreference notranslate">par</a> (prep.); <a href="/word/para-#etymonline_v_7162" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of para- " class="crossreference notranslate">para-</a> (1) "alongside, beyond; altered; contrary; irregular, abnormal;" <a href="/word/paradise" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of paradise " class="crossreference notranslate">paradise</a>; <a href="/word/pardon" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of pardon " class="crossreference notranslate">pardon</a>; <a href="/word/paramount" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of paramount " class="crossreference notranslate">paramount</a>; <a href="/word/paramour" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of paramour " class="crossreference notranslate">paramour</a>; <a href="/word/parvenu" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of parvenu " class="crossreference notranslate">parvenu</a>; <a href="/word/pellucid" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of pellucid " class="crossreference notranslate">pellucid</a>; <a href="/word/per" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of per " class="crossreference notranslate">per</a>; <a href="/word/per-" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of per- " class="crossreference notranslate">per-</a>; <a href="/word/percent" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of percent " class="crossreference notranslate">percent</a>; <a href="/word/percussion" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of percussion " class="crossreference notranslate">percussion</a>; <a href="/word/perennial" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of perennial " class="crossreference notranslate">perennial</a>; <a href="/word/perestroika" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of perestroika " class="crossreference notranslate">perestroika</a>; <a href="/word/perfect" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of perfect " class="crossreference notranslate">perfect</a>; <a href="/word/perfidy" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of perfidy " class="crossreference notranslate">perfidy</a>; <a href="/word/perform" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of perform " class="crossreference notranslate">perform</a>; <a href="/word/perfume" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of perfume " class="crossreference notranslate">perfume</a>; <a href="/word/perfunctory" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of perfunctory " class="crossreference notranslate">perfunctory</a>; <a href="/word/perhaps" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of perhaps " class="crossreference notranslate">perhaps</a>; <a href="/word/peri-" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of peri- " class="crossreference notranslate">peri-</a>; <a href="/word/perish" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of perish " class="crossreference notranslate">perish</a>; <a href="/word/perjury" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of perjury " class="crossreference notranslate">perjury</a>; <a href="/word/permanent" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of permanent " class="crossreference notranslate">permanent</a>; <a href="/word/permeate" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of permeate " class="crossreference notranslate">permeate</a>; <a href="/word/permit" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of permit " class="crossreference notranslate">permit</a>; <a href="/word/pernicious" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of pernicious " class="crossreference notranslate">pernicious</a>; <a href="/word/perpendicular" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of perpendicular " class="crossreference notranslate">perpendicular</a>; <a href="/word/perpetual" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of perpetual " class="crossreference notranslate">perpetual</a>; <a href="/word/perplex" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of perplex " class="crossreference notranslate">perplex</a>; <a href="/word/persecute" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of persecute " class="crossreference notranslate">persecute</a>; <a href="/word/persevere" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of persevere " class="crossreference notranslate">persevere</a>; <a href="/word/perspective" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of perspective " class="crossreference notranslate">perspective</a>; <a href="/word/perspire" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of perspire " class="crossreference notranslate">perspire</a>; <a href="/word/persuasion" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of persuasion " class="crossreference notranslate">persuasion</a>; <a href="/word/pertain" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of pertain " class="crossreference notranslate">pertain</a>; <a href="/word/peruse" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of peruse " class="crossreference notranslate">peruse</a>; <a href="/word/pervade" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of pervade " class="crossreference notranslate">pervade</a>; <a href="/word/pervert" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of pervert " class="crossreference notranslate">pervert</a>; <a href="/word/pierce" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of pierce " class="crossreference notranslate">pierce</a>; <a href="/word/portray" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of portray " class="crossreference notranslate">portray</a>; <a href="/word/postprandial" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of postprandial " class="crossreference notranslate">postprandial</a>; <a href="/word/prae-" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of prae- " class="crossreference notranslate">prae-</a>; <a href="/word/Prakrit" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of Prakrit " class="crossreference notranslate">Prakrit</a>; <a href="/word/pre-" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of pre- " class="crossreference notranslate">pre-</a>; <a href="/word/premier" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of premier " class="crossreference notranslate">premier</a>; <a href="/word/presbyter" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of presbyter " class="crossreference notranslate">presbyter</a>; <a href="/word/Presbyterian" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of Presbyterian " class="crossreference notranslate">Presbyterian</a>; <a href="/word/preterite" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of preterite " class="crossreference notranslate">preterite</a>; <a href="/word/pride" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of pride " class="crossreference notranslate">pride</a>; <a href="/word/priest" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of priest " class="crossreference notranslate">priest</a>; <a href="/word/primal" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of primal " class="crossreference notranslate">primal</a>; <a href="/word/primary" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of primary " class="crossreference notranslate">primary</a>; <a href="/word/primate" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of primate " class="crossreference notranslate">primate</a>; <a href="/word/primavera" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of primavera " class="crossreference notranslate">primavera</a>; <a href="/word/prime" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of prime " class="crossreference notranslate">prime</a>; <a href="/word/primeval" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of primeval " class="crossreference notranslate">primeval</a>; <a href="/word/primitive" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of primitive " class="crossreference notranslate">primitive</a>; <a href="/word/primo" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of primo " class="crossreference notranslate">primo</a>; <a href="/word/primogenitor" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of primogenitor " class="crossreference notranslate">primogenitor</a>; <a href="/word/primogeniture" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of primogeniture " class="crossreference notranslate">primogeniture</a>; <a href="/word/primordial" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of primordial " class="crossreference notranslate">primordial</a>; <a href="/word/primus" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of primus " class="crossreference notranslate">primus</a>; <a href="/word/prince" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of prince " class="crossreference notranslate">prince</a>; <a href="/word/principal" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of principal " class="crossreference notranslate">principal</a>; <a href="/word/principle" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of principle " class="crossreference notranslate">principle</a>; <a href="/word/prior" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of prior " class="crossreference notranslate">prior</a>; <a href="/word/pristine" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of pristine " class="crossreference notranslate">pristine</a>; <a href="/word/private" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of private " class="crossreference notranslate">private</a>; <a href="/word/privilege" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of privilege " class="crossreference notranslate">privilege</a>; <a href="/word/privy" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of privy " class="crossreference notranslate">privy</a>; <a href="/word/pro#etymonline_v_47430" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of pro " class="crossreference notranslate">pro</a> (n.2) "a consideration or argument in favor;" <a href="/word/pro-" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of pro- " class="crossreference notranslate">pro-</a>; <a href="/word/probably" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of probably " class="crossreference notranslate">probably</a>; <a href="/word/probe" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of probe " class="crossreference notranslate">probe</a>; <a href="/word/probity" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of probity " class="crossreference notranslate">probity</a>; <a href="/word/problem" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of problem " class="crossreference notranslate">problem</a>; <a href="/word/proceed" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of proceed " class="crossreference notranslate">proceed</a>; <a href="/word/proclaim" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of proclaim " class="crossreference notranslate">proclaim</a>; <a href="/word/prodigal" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of prodigal " class="crossreference notranslate">prodigal</a>; <a href="/word/produce" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of produce " class="crossreference notranslate">produce</a>; <a href="/word/profane" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of profane " class="crossreference notranslate">profane</a>; <a href="/word/profess" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of profess " class="crossreference notranslate">profess</a>; <a href="/word/profile" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of profile " class="crossreference notranslate">profile</a>; <a href="/word/profit" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of profit " class="crossreference notranslate">profit</a>; <a href="/word/profound" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of profound " class="crossreference notranslate">profound</a>; <a href="/word/profuse" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of profuse " class="crossreference notranslate">profuse</a>; <a href="/word/project" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of project " class="crossreference notranslate">project</a>; <a href="/word/promise" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of promise " class="crossreference notranslate">promise</a>; <a href="/word/prompt" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of prompt " class="crossreference notranslate">prompt</a>; <a href="/word/prone" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of prone " class="crossreference notranslate">prone</a>; <a href="/word/proof" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of proof " class="crossreference notranslate">proof</a>; <a href="/word/proper" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of proper " class="crossreference notranslate">proper</a>; <a href="/word/property" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of property " class="crossreference notranslate">property</a>; <a href="/word/propinquity" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of propinquity " class="crossreference notranslate">propinquity</a>; <a href="/word/prophet" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of prophet " class="crossreference notranslate">prophet</a>; <a href="/word/prose" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of prose " class="crossreference notranslate">prose</a>; <a href="/word/prostate" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of prostate " class="crossreference notranslate">prostate</a>; <a href="/word/prosthesis" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of prosthesis " class="crossreference notranslate">prosthesis</a>; <a href="/word/protagonist" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of protagonist " class="crossreference notranslate">protagonist</a>; <a href="/word/Protean" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of Protean " class="crossreference notranslate">Protean</a>; <a href="/word/protect" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of protect " class="crossreference notranslate">protect</a>; <a href="/word/protein" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of protein " class="crossreference notranslate">protein</a>; <a href="/word/Proterozoic" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of Proterozoic " class="crossreference notranslate">Proterozoic</a>; <a href="/word/protest" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of protest " class="crossreference notranslate">protest</a>; <a href="/word/proto-" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of proto- " class="crossreference notranslate">proto-</a>; <a href="/word/protocol" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of protocol " class="crossreference notranslate">protocol</a>; <a href="/word/proton" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of proton " class="crossreference notranslate">proton</a>; <a href="/word/protoplasm" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of protoplasm " class="crossreference notranslate">protoplasm</a>; <a href="/word/Protozoa" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of Protozoa " class="crossreference notranslate">Protozoa</a>; <a href="/word/proud" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of proud " class="crossreference notranslate">proud</a>; <a href="/word/prove" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of prove " class="crossreference notranslate">prove</a>; <a href="/word/proverb" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of proverb " class="crossreference notranslate">proverb</a>; <a href="/word/provide" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of provide " class="crossreference notranslate">provide</a>; <a href="/word/provoke" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of provoke " class="crossreference notranslate">provoke</a>; <a href="/word/prow" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of prow " class="crossreference notranslate">prow</a>; <a href="/word/prowess" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of prowess " class="crossreference notranslate">prowess</a>; <a href="/word/proximate" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of proximate " class="crossreference notranslate">proximate</a>; <a href="/word/Purana" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of Purana " class="crossreference notranslate">Purana</a>; <a href="/word/purchase" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of purchase " class="crossreference notranslate">purchase</a>; <a href="/word/purdah" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of purdah " class="crossreference notranslate">purdah</a>; <a href="/word/reciprocal" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of reciprocal " class="crossreference notranslate">reciprocal</a>; <a href="/word/rapprochement" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of rapprochement " class="crossreference notranslate">rapprochement</a>; <a href="/word/reproach" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of reproach " class="crossreference notranslate">reproach</a>; <a href="/word/reprove" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of reprove " class="crossreference notranslate">reprove</a>; <a href="/word/veneer" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of veneer " class="crossreference notranslate">veneer</a>.</p> <p>It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit <span class="foreign notranslate">pari</span> "around, about, through," <span class="foreign notranslate">parah</span> "farther, remote, ulterior," <span class="foreign notranslate">pura</span> "formerly, before," <span class="foreign notranslate">pra-</span> "before, forward, forth;" Avestan <span class="foreign notranslate">pairi-</span> "around," <span class="foreign notranslate">paro</span> "before;" Hittite <span class="foreign notranslate">para</span> "outside of," Greek <span class="foreign notranslate">peri</span> "around, about, near, beyond," <span class="foreign notranslate">pera</span> "across, beyond," <span class="foreign notranslate">paros</span> "before," <span class="foreign notranslate">para</span> "from beside, beyond," <span class="foreign notranslate">pro</span> "before;" Latin <span class="foreign notranslate">pro</span> "before, for, on behalf of, instead of," <span class="foreign notranslate">porro</span> "forward," <span class="foreign notranslate">prae</span> "before," <span class="foreign notranslate">per</span> "through;" Old Church Slavonic <span class="foreign notranslate">pra-dedu</span> "great-grandfather;" Russian <span class="foreign notranslate">pere-</span> "through;" Lithuanian <span class="foreign notranslate">per</span> "through;" Old Irish <span class="foreign notranslate">ire</span> "farther," <span class="foreign notranslate">roar</span> "enough;" Gothic <span class="foreign notranslate">faura</span> "before," Old English <span class="foreign notranslate">fore</span> (prep.) "before, in front of," (adv.) "before, previously," <span class="foreign notranslate">fram</span> "forward, from," <span class="foreign notranslate">feor</span> "to a great distance, long ago;" German <span class="foreign notranslate">vor</span> "before, in front of;" Old Irish <span class="foreign notranslate">air-</span> Gothic <span class="foreign notranslate">fair-</span>, German <span class="foreign notranslate">ver-</span>, Old English <span class="foreign notranslate">fer-</span>, intensive prefixes.</p></section></div></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div></div></div><div data-ad-container="true" class="adContainer--6CVz1 vertical" style="margin-top:1em"><span class="adLabel--35hfi">Advertisement</span><ins class="adsbygoogle" data-ad-client="ca-pub-7093273770345366" style="display:block;width:100%" data-ad-slot="8757723469" data-ad-format="auto" data-full-width-responsive="true"></ins></div><div class="ngram--SmXCf"><h3 class="h3_title" title="Trends of perspiration">Trends of <i>perspiration</i></h3><div class="ngram__container--NwjaG" style="height:180px"><canvas id="ngram-chart"></canvas></div><div class="ngram__footer--3-9dX">adapted from books.google.com/ngrams/. Ngrams are probably unreliable.</div></div><div class="related--32LCi"><h3 class="h3_title" title="More to Explore">More to Explore</h3><div class="related__details--2kumU"><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="syn_ant" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of sweating" href="/word/sweating"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">sweating<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">c. 1200, "emission of perspiration from the pores," verbal noun from sweat (v.). By early 15c. as "severe extortion." Sweating sickness was a sudden, often-fatal fever, accompanied by intense sweating, that struck England 1485 and returned periodically through mid-16c., described</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="syn_ant" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of sweat" href="/word/sweat"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">sweat<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">Middle English sweten, from Old English swætan "perspire, excrete moisture from the skin," also "toil, labor, work hard," from Proto-Germanic *swaitjan "to sweat," from the source of sweat (n.). Compare Frisian swette, Dutch zweeten, Danish svede, German schwitzen. The meaning "b</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of lather" href="/word/lather"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">lather<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">Meaning "violent perspiration" (especially of horses) is from 1650s; hence the transferred sense "state of agitation" (such...</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="other_relation" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of oh" href="/word/oh"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">oh<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">interjection expressing various emotions (fear, surprise, pain, invocation, gladness, admiration, etc.), 1530s, from Middle English o, from Old French ô, oh or directly from Latin o, oh; a common Indo-European interjection (compare Greek ō; Old Church Slavonic and Lithuanian o; I</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="other_relation" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of ho" href="/word/ho"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">ho<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">exclamation of surprise, etc., c. 1300; as an exclamation calling attention or demanding silence, late 14c. Used after the name of a place to which attention is called (as in Westward-Ho) it dates from 1590s, originally a cry of boatmen, etc., announcing departures for a particul</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="other_relation" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of activity" href="/word/activity"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">activity<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">c. 1400, "active or secular life," from Old French activité, from Medieval Latin activitatem (nominative activitas), a word in Scholastic philosophy, from Latin activus "active" (see active). The meaning "state of being active, briskness, liveliness" is recorded from 1520s; that </section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="other_relation" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of water" href="/word/water"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">water<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">Old English wæter, from Proto-Germanic *watr- (source also of Old Saxon watar, Old Frisian wetir, Dutch water, Old High German wazzar, German Wasser, Old Norse vatn, Gothic wato "water"), from PIE *wod-or, suffixed form of root *wed- (1) "water; wet." To keep (one's) head above w</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="complete" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of rosary" href="/word/rosary"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">rosary<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">mid-15c., rosarie, "rose garden, ground set apart for the cultivation of roses," a sense now obsolete, from Latin rosarium "rose garden," in Medieval Latin also "garland; string of beads; series of prayers," from noun use of neuter of rosarius "of roses," from rosa "rose" (see ro</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="complete" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of attrition" href="/word/attrition"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">attrition<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">early 15c., attricioun, "a breaking;" 1540s, "abrasion, scraping, the rubbing of one thing against another," from Latin attritionem (nominative attritio), literally "a rubbing against," noun of action from past-participle stem of atterere "to wear, rub away," figuratively "to des</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="word--C9UPa word_4pc--2SZw8" style="padding:10px 20px"><div><a class="recommended-word" rel="nofollow" data-recommended-type="complete" style="margin-bottom:5px;display:block" title="Origin and meaning of preliminary" href="/word/preliminary"><div class="word__name--TTbAA word_thumbnail__name--1khEg" style="font-size:18px">preliminary<span class="word_thumbnail__name_icon--2RFFN"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right" style="font-size:16px"></i></span></div><section class="word__defination--2q7ZH undefined word__etymology_limit_line--3DeZW" style="cursor:pointer">"preceding and leading up to something more important," 1660s, from French préliminaire and directly from Medieval Latin praeliminaris, from Latin prae "before" (see pre-) + limen (genitive liminis) "threshold" (see limit (n.)). A word that arose in reference to painstaking diplo</section></a></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div></div></div><div class="share-tool socialShare--223YS"><h3 title="Share perspiration to social networks" class="socialShare__title--34iP2">Share <i>perspiration</i></h3><div class="cite--1qJ-_ share-cite">‘cite’</div><a title="Share on Facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2Fperspiration" data-social-target="Facebook" target="blank" rel="nofollow" class="fa share socialShare__icon--3FJac socialShare__icon__facebook--2fm3U fa-facebook"></a><a title="Share on Twitter" href="https://twitter.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2Fperspiration&text=perspiration%20%7C%20Etymology%20of%20perspiration%20by%20etymonline" data-social-target="Twitter" target="blank" rel="nofollow" class="fa share socialShare__icon--3FJac socialShare__icon__twitter--1iFxf fa-twitter"></a><a title="Share on Reddit" href="https://www.reddit.com/submit?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2Fperspiration&title=perspiration%20%7C%20Etymology%20of%20perspiration%20by%20etymonline" data-social-target="Reddit" target="blank" rel="nofollow" class="fa share socialShare__icon--3FJac socialShare__icon__reddit--30bBu fa-reddit"></a><a title="Share on Email" href="mailto:?subject=perspiration%20%7C%20Etymology%20of%20perspiration%20by%20etymonline&body=%22a%20breathing%20through%2C%22%20a%20sense%20now%20obsolete%2C%20from%20French%20perspiration%20(1560s)%2C%20noun%20of%E2%80%A6%20See%20origin%20and%20meaning%20of%20perspiration.%0Afrom%20https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2Fperspiration%20Find%20out%20more%20at%20etymonline.com" data-social-target="Email" target="blank" rel="nofollow" class="fa share socialShare__icon--3FJac socialShare__icon__email--3hVBm fa-email"></a><div class="cite__content--3ghsO cite-content"><div class="cite__content_title--3ABWh">Page URL:</div><textarea class="cite__content_textarea--3zgJO cite-textarea" readonly="">https://www.etymonline.com/word/perspiration</textarea><div class="cite__content_title--3ABWh">HTML Link:</div><textarea class="cite__content_textarea--3zgJO cite-textarea" readonly=""><a href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/perspiration">Etymology of perspiration by etymonline</a></textarea><div class="cite__content_title--3ABWh">APA style:</div><textarea class="cite__content_textarea--3zgJO cite-textarea" readonly="">Harper, D. (n.d.). Etymology of perspiration. Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved $(datetime), from https://www.etymonline.com/word/perspiration</textarea><div class="cite__content_title--3ABWh">Chicago style:</div><textarea class="cite__content_textarea--3zgJO cite-textarea" readonly="">Harper Douglas, “Etymology of perspiration,” Online Etymology Dictionary, accessed $(datetime), https://www.etymonline.com/word/perspiration.</textarea><div class="cite__content_title--3ABWh">MLA style:</div><textarea class="cite__content_textarea--3zgJO cite-textarea" readonly="">Harper, Douglas. “Etymology of perspiration.” Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com/word/perspiration. Accessed $(datetimeMla).</textarea><div class="cite__content_title--3ABWh">IEEE style:</div><textarea class="cite__content_textarea--3zgJO cite-textarea" readonly="">D. Harper. “Etymology of perspiration.” Online Etymology Dictionary. https://www.etymonline.com/word/perspiration (accessed $(datetime)).</textarea></div></div><p class="wordDetail__date--3r7r8">updated on April 15, 2020</p><div data-ad-container="true" class="adContainer--6CVz1 vertical" style="margin-top:1em"><span class="adLabel--35hfi">Advertisement</span><ins class="adsbygoogle" data-ad-client="ca-pub-7093273770345366" style="display:block;width:100%" data-ad-slot="7656336158" data-ad-format="auto" data-full-width-responsive="true"></ins></div></div><div class="ant-col-xs-24 ant-col-sm-24 ant-col-md-24 ant-col-lg-6"><div data-ad-container="true" class="adContainer--6CVz1 removeAdsContainer--3mV2b horizontal"><a href="/premium?utm_source=remove_ads"><div class="removeAdsBtn--2W3KN">Remove ads ></div></a><span class="adLabel--35hfi">Advertisement</span><div id="div-gpt-ad-pc-wd-right" style="min-width:300px;min-height:250px"></div></div><div class="alphabetical--2oTZG"><h3 title="words in alphabetical order" class="h3_title">Dictionary entries near <i>perspiration</i></h3><a title="Origin and meaning of Perspex" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/Perspex"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">Perspex</p></a><a title="Origin and meaning of perspicacious" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/perspicacious"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">perspicacious</p></a><a title="Origin and meaning of perspicacity" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/perspicacity"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">perspicacity</p></a><a title="Origin and meaning of perspicuity" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/perspicuity"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">perspicuity</p></a><a title="Origin and meaning of perspicuous" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/perspicuous"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">perspicuous</p></a><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2 alphabetical__active--FCYcm">perspiration</p><a title="Origin and meaning of perspire" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/perspire"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">perspire</p></a><a title="Origin and meaning of persuadable" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/persuadable"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">persuadable</p></a><a title="Origin and meaning of persuade" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/persuade"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">persuade</p></a><a title="Origin and meaning of persuasible" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/persuasible"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">persuasible</p></a><a title="Origin and meaning of persuasion" target="" rel="nofollow" href="/word/persuasion"><p class="alphabetical__word--3UeP2">persuasion</p></a></div></div></div></div><div class="alphabet--3sMXd"><ul class="alphabet__inner--2NEtM"><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter A"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=a">A</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter B"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=b">B</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter C"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=c">C</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter D"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=d">D</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter E"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=e">E</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter F"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=f">F</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter G"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=g">G</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter H"><a rel="nofollow" href="/search?q=h">H</a></li><li class="alphabet__node--huwT8" title="Prefix, suffix and words starting with the letter I"><a 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