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<span>Origins</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Irish_crochet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Irish_crochet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Irish crochet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Irish_crochet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_practice_and_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_practice_and_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Modern practice and culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_practice_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Materials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Materials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Materials</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Materials-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Materials subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Materials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Crochet_hook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crochet_hook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Crochet hook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crochet_hook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yarn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yarn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Yarn</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yarn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Process" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Process"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Process</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Process-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Types_of_stitches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Types_of_stitches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Types of stitches</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Types_of_stitches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_crochet_terms_and_notations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_crochet_terms_and_notations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>International crochet terms and notations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_crochet_terms_and_notations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Differences_from_and_similarities_to_knitting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Differences_from_and_similarities_to_knitting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Differences from and similarities to knitting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Differences_from_and_similarities_to_knitting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Charity_and_activism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Charity_and_activism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Charity and activism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Charity_and_activism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mathematics_and_hyperbolic_crochet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mathematics_and_hyperbolic_crochet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Mathematics and hyperbolic crochet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mathematics_and_hyperbolic_crochet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Architecture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Architecture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Architecture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Yarn_bombing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yarn_bombing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Yarn bombing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yarn_bombing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Styles_in_crochet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Styles_in_crochet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Styles in crochet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Styles_in_crochet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Crochet</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 50 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-50" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">50 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hekel" title="Hekel – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Hekel" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%81" title="تعقيف – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تعقيف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%81%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE" title="কুরুশ কাঁটায় কাপড় বোনা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কুরুশ কাঁটায় কাপড় বোনা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teixit_de_ganxo" title="Teixit de ganxo – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Teixit de ganxo" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A1%C4%8Dkov%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Háčkování – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Háčkování" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crosio" title="Crosio – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Crosio" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A6kling" title="Hækling – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hækling" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A4keln" title="Häkeln – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Häkeln" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heegeldamine" title="Heegeldamine – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Heegeldamine" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%AD%CE%BE%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%BF_%CE%BC%CE%B5_%CE%B2%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AC%CE%BA%CE%B9" title="Πλέξιμο με βελονάκι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πλέξιμο με βελονάκι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganchillo" title="Ganchillo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ganchillo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kro%C4%89etado" title="Kroĉetado – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kroĉetado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kakorratz-lan" title="Kakorratz-lan – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kakorratz-lan" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8%E2%80%8C%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C" title="قلاب‌دوزی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قلاب‌دوزی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crochet_(aiguille)" title="Crochet (aiguille) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Crochet (aiguille)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="क्रोशिया – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="क्रोशिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuki%C4%8Danje" title="Kukičanje – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kukičanje" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menyuji" title="Menyuji – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Menyuji" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hekl" title="Hekl – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hekl" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%92%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%94_%D7%90%D7%97%D7%AA" title="סריגה במסרגה אחת – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סריגה במסרגה אחת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A6%E1%83%98%E1%83%97_%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%90" title="ყაისნაღით ქსოვა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ყაისნაღით ქსოვა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9klowani%C3%A9" title="Héklowanié – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Héklowanié" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%BE%D2%9B%D1%83" title="Ілмекпен тоқу – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ілмекпен тоқу" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_unculo_texendi" title="Ars unculo texendi – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ars unculo texendi" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heekelen" title="Heekelen – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Heekelen" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C4%97rimas" title="Nėrimas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Nėrimas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horgol%C3%A1s" title="Horgolás – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Horgolás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87" title="क्रोशे – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="क्रोशे" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%87%E1%80%AC%E1%80%91%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="ကရိုရှေးဇာထိုးနည်း – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကရိုရှေးဇာထိုးနည်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haken" title="Haken – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Haken" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%81%8B%E3%81%8E%E9%87%9D%E7%B7%A8%E3%81%BF" title="かぎ針編み – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="かぎ針編み" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hekling" title="Hekling – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hekling" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hekling" title="Hekling – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hekling" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86" title="ਕਰੋਸ਼ੀਆ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਰੋਸ਼ੀਆ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szyde%C5%82kowanie" title="Szydełkowanie – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Szydełkowanie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croch%C3%AA" title="Crochê – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Crochê" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cro%C8%99etare" title="Croșetare – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Croșetare" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8E%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Вязание крючком – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Вязание крючком" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crochet" title="Crochet – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Crochet" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crochet" title="Crochet – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Crochet" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Хеклање – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хеклање" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heklanje" title="Heklanje – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Heklanje" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virkkaus" title="Virkkaus – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Virkkaus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virkning" title="Virkning – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Virkning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%87" title="குரோசே – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="குரோசே" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/tninun" title="tninun – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="tninun" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%B1%C4%9F_i%C5%9Fi" title="Tığ işi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tığ işi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%27%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="В'язання гачком – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="В'язання гачком" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="کروشیا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کروشیا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%89%A4%E9%87%9D%E7%B7%A8%E7%B9%94" title="鉤針編織 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="鉤針編織" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Technique of creating lace or fabric from thread using a hook</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a part of the anatomy of certain insect larvae, see <a href="/wiki/Crochet_(insect_anatomy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Crochet (insect anatomy)">Crochet (insect anatomy)</a>. For the baseball pitcher, see <a href="/wiki/Garrett_Crochet" title="Garrett Crochet">Garrett Crochet</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Crotchet" class="mw-redirect" title="Crotchet">Crotchet</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Crochet" title="Special:EditPage/Crochet">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Crochet%22">"Crochet"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Crochet%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Crochet%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Crochet%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Crochet%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Crochet%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Crochet</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">English: </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/ʃ/: 'sh' in 'shy'">ʃ</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span></span>/</a></span></span>;<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">French:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[kʁɔʃɛ]</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) is a process of creating <a href="/wiki/Textile" title="Textile">textiles</a> by using a <a href="/wiki/Crochet_hook" title="Crochet hook">crochet hook</a> to interlock loops of <a href="/wiki/Yarn" title="Yarn">yarn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thread_(yarn)" title="Thread (yarn)">thread</a>, or strands of other materials.<sup id="cite_ref-Crochet_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crochet-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name is derived from the French term <i>crochet</i>, which means 'hook'.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hooks can be made from a variety of materials, such as metal, wood, bamboo, bone or even plastic. The key difference between crochet and <a href="/wiki/Knitting" title="Knitting">knitting</a>, beyond the implements used for their production, is that each stitch in crochet is completed before the next one is begun, while <a href="/wiki/Knitting" title="Knitting">knitting</a> keeps many stitches open at a time. Some variant forms of crochet, such as <a href="/wiki/Tunisian_crochet" title="Tunisian crochet">Tunisian crochet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Broomstick_lace" title="Broomstick lace">broomstick lace</a>, do keep multiple crochet stitches open at a time. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crochet&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The word crochet is derived from the <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> word <i>crochet</i>, a diminutive of <i>croche</i>, in turn from the <a href="/wiki/Germanic_languages" title="Germanic languages">Germanic</a> <i>croc</i>, both meaning "hook".<sup id="cite_ref-Crochet_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crochet-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was used in 17th-century French <a href="/wiki/Lace" title="Lace">lace</a>-making, where the term <i>crochetage</i> designated a stitch used to join separate pieces of lace. The word <i>crochet</i> subsequently came to describe both the specific type of textile, and the hooked needle used to produce it.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1567, the tailor of <a href="/wiki/Mary,_Queen_of_Scots" title="Mary, Queen of Scots">Mary, Queen of Scots</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean_de_Compi%C3%A8gne" title="Jean de Compiègne">Jehan de Compiegne</a>, supplied her with silk thread for sewing and crochet, "<i>soye à coudre et crochetz</i>".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crochet&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Orvieto_crochet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Orvieto_crochet.jpg/220px-Orvieto_crochet.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Orvieto_crochet.jpg/330px-Orvieto_crochet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Orvieto_crochet.jpg/440px-Orvieto_crochet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2542" data-file-height="1298" /></a><figcaption>19th century crochet from <a href="/wiki/Orvieto" title="Orvieto">Orvieto</a>, Italy</figcaption></figure> <p>Knitted textiles survive from <a href="/wiki/History_of_knitting" title="History of knitting">as early as the 11th century CE</a>, but the first substantive evidence of crocheted fabric emerges in Europe during the 19th century.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Earlier work identified as crochet was commonly made by <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A5lebinding" title="Nålebinding">nålebinding</a>, a different looped yarn technique. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Illustration_of_a_crocheted_purse_in_the_Dutch_monthly_publication,_%22Pen%C3%A9lop%C3%A9%22,_from_1824.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Illustration_of_a_crocheted_purse_in_the_Dutch_monthly_publication%2C_%22Pen%C3%A9lop%C3%A9%22%2C_from_1824.png/220px-Illustration_of_a_crocheted_purse_in_the_Dutch_monthly_publication%2C_%22Pen%C3%A9lop%C3%A9%22%2C_from_1824.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Illustration_of_a_crocheted_purse_in_the_Dutch_monthly_publication%2C_%22Pen%C3%A9lop%C3%A9%22%2C_from_1824.png/330px-Illustration_of_a_crocheted_purse_in_the_Dutch_monthly_publication%2C_%22Pen%C3%A9lop%C3%A9%22%2C_from_1824.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Illustration_of_a_crocheted_purse_in_the_Dutch_monthly_publication%2C_%22Pen%C3%A9lop%C3%A9%22%2C_from_1824.png 2x" data-file-width="440" data-file-height="507" /></a><figcaption>A crocheted purse described in 1823 in <i>Penélopé</i></figcaption></figure> <p>The first known published instructions for crochet explicitly using that term to describe the craft in its present sense appeared in the Dutch magazine <i>Penélopé</i> in 1823. This includes a colour plate showing five styles of purse, of which three were intended to be crocheted with silk thread.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first is "simple open crochet" (<i>crochet simple ajour</i>), a mesh of chain-stitch arches. The second (illustrated here) starts in a semi-open form (<i>demi jour</i>), where chain-stitch arches alternate with equally long segments of slip-stitch crochet, and closes with a star made with "double-crochet stitches" (<i>dubbelde hekelsteek</i>: double-crochet in British terminology; single-crochet in US).<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The third purse is made entirely in double-crochet. The instructions prescribe the use of a tambour <a href="/wiki/Crochet_needle" class="mw-redirect" title="Crochet needle">needle</a> (as illustrated below) and introduce a number of decorative techniques. </p><p>The earliest dated reference in English to garments made of cloth produced by looping <a href="/wiki/Yarn" title="Yarn">yarn</a> with a hook—<i>shepherd's knitting</i>—is in <i>The Memoirs of a Highland Lady</i> by <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Grant_(diarist)" title="Elizabeth Grant (diarist)">Elizabeth Grant</a> (1797–1830). The journal entry, itself, is dated 1812 but was not recorded in its subsequently published form until some time between 1845 and 1867, and the actual date of publication was first in 1898.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nonetheless, the 1833 volume of <i>Penélopé</i> describes and illustrates a shepherd's hook, and recommends its use for crochet with coarser yarn.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1844, one of the numerous books discussing crochet that began to appear in the 1840s states: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Crochet needles, sometimes called <i>Shepherds' hooks</i>, are made of <a href="/wiki/Steel" title="Steel">steel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ivory" title="Ivory">ivory</a>, or box-wood. They have a hook at one end similar in shape to a fish-hook, by which the wool or silk is caught and drawn through the work. These instruments are to be procured of various sizes...<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Two years later, the same author writes: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Crochet, — a species of knitting originally practised by the peasants in Scotland, with a small hooked needle called a shepherd's hook, — has, within the last seven years, aided by taste and fashion, obtained the preference over all other ornamental works of a similar nature. It derives its present name from the French; the instrument with which it is worked being by them, from its crooked shape, termed 'crochet.' This art has attained its highest degree of perfection in England, whence it has been transplanted to France and Germany, and both countries, although unjustifiably, have claimed the invention.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>An instruction book from 1846 describes <i>Shepherd or single crochet</i> as what in current international terminology is either called single crochet or slip-stitch crochet, with U.S. terminology always using the latter (reserving single crochet for use as noted above).<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It similarly equates "Double" and "French crochet".<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Encyclopedie_volume_2-140.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Encyclopedie_volume_2-140.png/220px-Encyclopedie_volume_2-140.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="298" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Encyclopedie_volume_2-140.png/330px-Encyclopedie_volume_2-140.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Encyclopedie_volume_2-140.png/440px-Encyclopedie_volume_2-140.png 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3508" /></a><figcaption>Tambour embroidery in the Diderot Encyclopedia</figcaption></figure> <p>Notwithstanding the categorical assertion of a purely British origin, there is solid evidence of a connection between <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">French</a> tambour <a href="/wiki/Embroidery" title="Embroidery">embroidery</a>, french passementerie and crochet. A form of hook known as crochet was used to create 'chains in the air' as part of passementerie back in the 17th century. This is confirmed by a patent issued to the passementiers by Louis XIV in 1653, and there are earlier decorative examples of this technique. The patent lists various items, including "thread for embroidery, enhanced and embellished as done with a needle, on thimbles, on the fingers, on a crochet, and on a bobbin." Similarly, chain stitch appears in Queen Elizabeth I's wardrobe accounts, starting in 1558, with further references to garments bordered with 'cheyne lace' in other inventories. One example from 1588 describes "a long cloak of murry velvet, with a border of small cheyne lace of Venice silver." While the exact design of the 1653 crochet is unclear, a 1723 French dictionary by Jacques Savary des Brûlons describes a crochet as a small iron instrument, three or four inches long, with a pointed, curved end and a wooden handle, used by passementiers for tasks like creating hat seams and attaching flowers to mesh. It's most likely that the hook used in crochet came from the ones used by the french pessamenterie industry.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> French tambour embroidery and the crochet needle used for it was illustrated in detail in 1763 in <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie">Diderot's Encyclopedia</a>. The tip of the needle shown there is indistinguishable from that of a present-day inline crochet hook and the chain stitch separated from a cloth support is a fundamental element of the latter technique. The 1823 <i>Penélopé</i> instructions unequivocally state that the tambour tool was used for crochet and the first of the 1840s instruction books uses the terms <i>tambour</i> and <i>crochet</i> as synonyms.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This equivalence is retained in the 4th edition of that work, 1847.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tapered-hooks.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Tapered-hooks.png/100px-Tapered-hooks.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Tapered-hooks.png/150px-Tapered-hooks.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Tapered-hooks.png/200px-Tapered-hooks.png 2x" data-file-width="4213" data-file-height="1594" /></a><figcaption>Shepherd's hook, 19th-century tapered hook, modern inline hook</figcaption></figure> <p>The strong taper of the shepherd's hook eases the production of slip-stitch crochet but is less amenable to stitches that require multiple loops on the hook at the same time. Early yarn hooks were also continuously tapered but gradually enough to accommodate multiple loops. The design with a cylindrical shaft that is commonplace today was largely reserved for tambour-style steel needles. Both types gradually merged into the modern form that appeared toward the end of the 19th century, including both tapered and cylindrical segments, and the continuously tapered bone hook remained in industrial production until World War II.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The early instruction books make frequent reference to the alternative use of 'ivory, bone, or wooden hooks' and 'steel needles in a handle', as appropriate to the stitch being made. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Taken with the synonymous labeling of shepherd's- and single crochet, and the similar equivalence of French- and double crochet, there is a strong suggestion that crochet is rooted both in tambour embroidery and shepherd's knitting, leading to thread and yarn crochet respectively; a distinction that is still made. The locus of the fusion of all these elements—the "invention" noted above—has yet to be determined, as does the origin of shepherd's knitting. </p><p>Shepherd's hooks are still being made for local slip-stitch crochet traditions.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The form in the accompanying photograph is typical for contemporary production. A longer continuously tapering design intermediate between it and the 19th-century tapered hook was also in earlier production, commonly being made from the handles of forks and spoons.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Irish_crochet">Irish crochet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crochet&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Irish crochet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Irish_crochet_lace" title="Irish crochet lace">Irish crochet lace</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Table-cloth_2008-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Table-cloth_2008-1.jpg/220px-Table-cloth_2008-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Table-cloth_2008-1.jpg/330px-Table-cloth_2008-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Table-cloth_2008-1.jpg/440px-Table-cloth_2008-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3716" data-file-height="2546" /></a><figcaption>Detail of a Portuguese crocheted tablecloth, about 1970</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Irish_crochet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Irish_crochet.jpg/220px-Irish_crochet.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Irish_crochet.jpg/330px-Irish_crochet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Irish_crochet.jpg/440px-Irish_crochet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="687" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Irish_crochet" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish crochet">Irish crochet</a> lace, late 19th century. The design of this example is closely based on Flemish <a href="/wiki/Needle_lace" title="Needle lace">needle lace</a> of the 17th century.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the 19th century, as Ireland was facing the <a href="/wiki/Great_Irish_Famine" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Irish Famine">Great Irish Famine (1845–1849)</a>, crochet lace work was introduced as a form of famine relief<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (the production of crocheted lace being an alternative way of making money for impoverished Irish workers).<sup id="cite_ref-Crochet_Lace_Exhibit_Catalog_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crochet_Lace_Exhibit_Catalog-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Men, women, children joined a co-operative in order to crochet and produce products to help with famine relief during the Great Irish Famine. Schools to teach crocheting were started. Teachers were trained and sent across Ireland to teach this craft. When the Irish immigrated to the Americas, they were able to take with them crocheting.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mademoiselle Riego de la Branchardiere is generally credited with the invention of <a href="/wiki/Irish_Crochet" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Crochet">Irish Crochet</a>, publishing the first book of patterns in 1846. Irish lace became popular in Europe and America, and was made in quantity until the first World War.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_practice_and_culture">Modern practice and culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crochet&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Modern practice and culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fashions in crochet changed with the end of the Victorian era in the 1890s. Crocheted laces in the new Edwardian era, peaking between 1910 and 1920, became even more elaborate in texture and complicated stitching.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AnselAdamscrochet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/AnselAdamscrochet.jpg/170px-AnselAdamscrochet.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/AnselAdamscrochet.jpg/255px-AnselAdamscrochet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/AnselAdamscrochet.jpg/340px-AnselAdamscrochet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2332" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Filet_crochet" title="Filet crochet">Filet crochet</a> by an internee at <a href="/wiki/Manzanar" title="Manzanar">Manzanar</a> War Relocation Center, 1943. Photograph by <a href="/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams">Ansel Adams</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The strong Victorian colours disappeared, though, and new publications called for white or pale threads, except for fancy purses, which were often crocheted of brightly colored silk and elaborately beaded. After World War I, far fewer crochet patterns were published, and most of them were simplified versions of the early 20th-century patterns.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> After <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, from the late 1940s until the early 1960s, there was a resurgence in interest in home crafts, particularly in the United States, with many new and imaginative crochet designs published for colorful doilies, potholders, and other home items, along with updates of earlier publications. These patterns called for thicker threads and yarns than in earlier patterns and included variegated colors. The craft remained primarily a homemaker's art until the late 1960s and early 1970s, when the new generation picked up on crochet and popularized granny squares, a motif worked in the round and incorporating bright colors. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Crochet_cat_example.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Crochet_cat_example.jpg/220px-Crochet_cat_example.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="359" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Crochet_cat_example.jpg/330px-Crochet_cat_example.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Crochet_cat_example.jpg/440px-Crochet_cat_example.jpg 2x" data-file-width="694" data-file-height="1133" /></a><figcaption>Examples of crocheted articles of clothing made specifically for a cat.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gold_Short_Jacket_by_Sybil_Connolly_-_Button_Detail.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Gold_Short_Jacket_by_Sybil_Connolly_-_Button_Detail.jpg/220px-Gold_Short_Jacket_by_Sybil_Connolly_-_Button_Detail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Gold_Short_Jacket_by_Sybil_Connolly_-_Button_Detail.jpg/330px-Gold_Short_Jacket_by_Sybil_Connolly_-_Button_Detail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Gold_Short_Jacket_by_Sybil_Connolly_-_Button_Detail.jpg/440px-Gold_Short_Jacket_by_Sybil_Connolly_-_Button_Detail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3280" data-file-height="4928" /></a><figcaption>Detail on gold thread crochet in a mid-20th century short jacket designed by <a href="/wiki/Sybil_Connolly" title="Sybil Connolly">Sybil Connolly</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Although crochet underwent a subsequent decline in popularity, the early 21st century has seen a revival of interest in handcrafts and <a href="/wiki/Do_it_yourself" title="Do it yourself">DIY</a>, as well as improvement of the quality and varieties of yarn. As well as books and classes, there are YouTube tutorials and TikTok videos to help people who may need a clearer explanation to learn how to crochet.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Filet_crochet" title="Filet crochet">Filet crochet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tunisian_crochet" title="Tunisian crochet">Tunisian crochet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tapestry_crochet" title="Tapestry crochet">tapestry crochet</a>, broomstick lace, <a href="/wiki/Hairpin_lace" title="Hairpin lace">hairpin lace</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cro-hook" title="Cro-hook">cro-hooking</a>, and Irish crochet are all variants of the basic crochet method. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TapestryCrochetGuatemala.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/TapestryCrochetGuatemala.jpg/220px-TapestryCrochetGuatemala.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/TapestryCrochetGuatemala.jpg/330px-TapestryCrochetGuatemala.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/TapestryCrochetGuatemala.jpg 2x" data-file-width="432" data-file-height="314" /></a><figcaption>Bags and <a href="/wiki/Hacky_sack" title="Hacky sack">hacky sack</a> <a href="/wiki/Tapestry_crochet" title="Tapestry crochet">tapestry crocheted</a> in Guatemala.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Crochet_table_decor-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Crochet_table_decor-1.jpg/220px-Crochet_table_decor-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="393" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Crochet_table_decor-1.jpg/330px-Crochet_table_decor-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Crochet_table_decor-1.jpg/440px-Crochet_table_decor-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1511" data-file-height="2702" /></a><figcaption>Crochet table decor, Kolkata, West Bengal, India</figcaption></figure> <p>Crochet has experienced a revival on the <a href="/wiki/Catwalk" class="mw-redirect" title="Catwalk">catwalk</a> as well. <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Kane" title="Christopher Kane">Christopher Kane</a>'s Fall 2011 Ready-to-Wear collection<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> makes intensive use of the <a href="/wiki/Granny_square" title="Granny square">granny square</a>, one of the most basic of crochet motifs. In addition, crochet has been utilized many times by designers on the reality show <i><a href="/wiki/Project_Runway" title="Project Runway">Project Runway</a></i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Websites such as <a href="/wiki/Etsy" title="Etsy">Etsy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ravelry" title="Ravelry">Ravelry</a> have made it easier for individual hobbyists to sell and distribute their patterns or projects across the internet. </p><p>Creating crocheted items has become a way to make <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_fashion" title="Sustainable fashion">sustainable fashion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fast fashion brands like <a href="/wiki/Shein" title="Shein">Shein</a><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> have created products that resemble crocheted items. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Materials">Materials</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crochet&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Materials"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Basic materials required for crochet are hook, scissors (to cut yarn) and some type of material that will be crocheted, most commonly used are yarn or thread. Alternatively, some choose to crochet with their hands, especially for large yarns. Yarn, one of the most commonly used materials for crocheting, has varying weights which need to be taken into consideration when following patterns. The weight of the yarn can affect not only the look of the product but also the feeling. Acrylic can also be used when crocheting, as it is synthetic and an alternative for wool. Additional tools are convenient for making related accessories. Examples of such tools include cardboard cutouts, which can be used to make <a href="/wiki/Tassels" class="mw-redirect" title="Tassels">tassels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fringe_(trim)" title="Fringe (trim)">fringe</a>, and many other items; a pom-pom circle, used to make pom-poms; a <a href="/wiki/Tape_measure" title="Tape measure">tape measure</a> and a gauge measure, both used for measuring crocheted work and counting stitches; a <a href="/wiki/Row_counter_(hand_knitting)" title="Row counter (hand knitting)">row counter</a>; and occasionally plastic rings, which are used for special projects. In recent years, yarn selections have moved beyond synthetic and plant and animal-based fibers to include bamboo, qiviut, hemp, and banana stalks, to name a few. Many advanced crocheters have also incorporated recycled materials into their work in an effort to "go green" and experiment with new textures by using items such as plastic bags, old t-shirts or sheets, VCR or Cassette tape, and ribbon.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crochet_hook">Crochet hook</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crochet&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Crochet hook"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Crohook.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Crohook.jpg/170px-Crohook.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="237" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Crohook.jpg/255px-Crohook.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Crohook.jpg/340px-Crohook.jpg 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="908" /></a><figcaption>Aluminium crochet hooks</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Crochet_hook" title="Crochet hook">Crochet hook</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_standard_crochet_hook_and_knitting_needle_sizes" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States standard crochet hook and knitting needle sizes">List of United States standard crochet hook and knitting needle sizes</a></div> <p>The crochet hook comes in many sizes and materials. Because sizing is categorized by the diameter of the hook's shaft, a crafter aims to create stitches of a certain size in order to reach a particular gauge specified in a given pattern. If gauge is not reached with one hook, another is used until the stitches made are the needed size. Crafters may have a preference for one type of hook material over another due to aesthetic appeal, yarn glide, or hand disorders such as arthritis, where bamboo or wood hooks are favored over metal for the perceived warmth and flexibility during use. Hook grips and ergonomic hook handles are also available to assist crafters. </p><p>Aluminium, bamboo, and plastic crochet hooks are available from 2.25 to 30 millimeters in size, or from B-1 to T/X in American sizing.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Steel crochet hooks are sized in a reverse manner - the higher the number, the smaller the hook. They range in size from 0.9 to 2.7 millimeters, or from 14 to 00 in American sizing.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These hooks are used for fine crochet work such as doilies and lace. </p><p>Artisan-made hooks are often made of hand-turned woods, sometimes decorated with semi-precious stones or beads. </p><p>Crochet hooks used for Tunisian crochet are elongated and have a stopper at the end of the handle, while double-ended crochet hooks have a hook on both ends of the handle. Tunisian crochet hooks are shaped without a fat thumb grip and thus can hold many loops on the hook at a time without stretching some to different heights than others (Solovan). There is also a double hooked tool tool called a <a href="/wiki/Cro-hook" title="Cro-hook">Cro-hook</a>. While this is not in itself a hook, it is a device used in conjunction with a crochet hook to produce stitches. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Yarn">Yarn</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crochet&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Yarn"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Yarn" title="Yarn">Yarn</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yarn_hank_uncoiled.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Yarn_hank_uncoiled.png/220px-Yarn_hank_uncoiled.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Yarn_hank_uncoiled.png/330px-Yarn_hank_uncoiled.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Yarn_hank_uncoiled.png/440px-Yarn_hank_uncoiled.png 2x" data-file-width="733" data-file-height="523" /></a><figcaption>A hank of wool yarn (center) is uncoiled into its basic loop. A tie is visible at the left; after untying, the hank may be wound into a ball or balls suitable for crocheting. Crocheting from a normal hank directly is likely to tangle the yarn, producing snarls.</figcaption></figure> <p>Yarn for crochet is usually sold as balls, or skeins (hanks), although it may also be wound on spools or cones. Skeins and balls are generally sold with a <i>yarn band</i>, a label that describes the yarn's <a href="/wiki/YarnWeight" class="mw-redirect" title="YarnWeight">weight</a>, length, dye lot, fiber content, washing instructions, suggested needle size, likely gauge, etc. It is a common practice to save the yarn band for future reference, especially if additional skeins must be purchased. Crocheters generally ensure that the yarn for a project comes from a single dye lot. The dye lot specifies a group of skeins that were dyed together and thus have precisely the same color; skeins from different dye lots, even if very similar in color, are usually slightly different and may produce a visible stripe when added onto existing work. If insufficient yarn of a single dye lot is bought to complete a project, additional skeins of the same dye lot can sometimes be obtained from other yarn stores or online. </p><p>The thickness or weight of the yarn is a significant factor in determining how many stitches and rows are required to cover a given area for a given stitch pattern. This is also termed the gauge. Thicker yarns generally require large-diameter crochet hooks, whereas thinner yarns may be crocheted with thick or thin hooks. Hence, thicker yarns generally require fewer stitches, and therefore less time, to work up a given project. The recommended gauge for a given ball of yarn can be found on the label that surrounds the skein when buying in stores. Patterns and motifs are coarser with thicker yarns and produce bold visual effects, whereas thinner yarns are best for refined or delicate pattern-work. Yarns are standardly grouped by thickness into six categories: superfine, fine, light, medium, bulky and superbulky. Quantitatively, thickness is measured by the number of wraps per inch (WPI). The related <i>weight per unit length</i> is usually measured in <a href="/wiki/Units_of_textile_measurement" title="Units of textile measurement">tex or denier</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yarn_hank_and_ball.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Yarn_hank_and_ball.png/220px-Yarn_hank_and_ball.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Yarn_hank_and_ball.png/330px-Yarn_hank_and_ball.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Yarn_hank_and_ball.png/440px-Yarn_hank_and_ball.png 2x" data-file-width="647" data-file-height="472" /></a><figcaption>Transformation of a hank of lavender silk yarn (top) into a ball in which the yarn emerges from the center (bottom). Using the latter is better for needlework, since the yarn is much less likely to tangle.</figcaption></figure> <p>Before use, hanks are wound into balls in which the yarn emerges from the center, making crocheting easier by preventing the yarn from becoming easily tangled. The winding process may be performed by hand or done with a ball winder and <a href="/wiki/Swift_(textiles)" title="Swift (textiles)">swift</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A yarn's usefulness is judged by several factors, such as its <i>loft</i> (its ability to trap air), its <i>resilience</i> (elasticity under tension), its <a href="/wiki/Laundry" title="Laundry">washability</a> and colorfastness, its <i>hand</i> (its feel, particularly softness vs. scratchiness), its durability against abrasion, its resistance to <a href="/wiki/Pill_(textile)" title="Pill (textile)">pilling</a>, its <i>hairiness</i> (fuzziness), its tendency to twist or untwist, its overall weight and drape, its blocking and <a href="/wiki/Felt#Wet_felting" title="Felt">felting</a> qualities, its comfort (breathability, moisture absorption, wicking properties) and its appearance, which includes its color, sheen, smoothness and ornamental features. Other factors include allergenicity, speed of drying, resistance to chemicals, moths, and mildew, melting point and flammability, retention of static electricity, and the propensity to accept dyes. Desirable properties may vary for different projects, so there is no one "best" yarn. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yarn_twist_S-Left_Z-Right.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Yarn_twist_S-Left_Z-Right.png/170px-Yarn_twist_S-Left_Z-Right.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Yarn_twist_S-Left_Z-Right.png/255px-Yarn_twist_S-Left_Z-Right.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Yarn_twist_S-Left_Z-Right.png 2x" data-file-width="263" data-file-height="326" /></a><figcaption>The two possible twists of yarn</figcaption></figure> <p>Although crochet may be done with ribbons, metal wire or more exotic filaments, most yarns are made by <a href="/wiki/Spinning_(textiles)" title="Spinning (textiles)">spinning</a> fibers. In spinning, the fibers are twisted so that the yarn resists breaking under tension; the twisting may be done in either direction, resulting in a Z-twist or S-twist yarn. If the fibers are first aligned by combing them and the spinner uses a worsted type drafting method such as the short forward draw, the yarn is smoother and called a <i>worsted</i>; by contrast, if the fibers are carded but not combed and the spinner uses a woolen drafting method such as the long backward draw, the yarn is fuzzier and called <i>woolen-spun</i>. The fibers making up a yarn may be continuous <i>filament</i> fibers such as <a href="/wiki/Silk" title="Silk">silk</a> and many synthetics, or they may be <i><a href="/wiki/Staple_(wool)" title="Staple (wool)">staples</a></i> (fibers of an average length, typically a few inches); naturally filament fibers are sometimes cut up into staples before spinning. The strength of the spun yarn against breaking is determined by the amount of twist, the length of the fibers and the thickness of the yarn. In general, yarns become stronger with more twist (also called <i>worst</i>), longer fibers and thicker yarns (more fibers); for example, thinner yarns require more twist than do thicker yarns to resist breaking under tension. The thickness of the yarn may vary along its length; a <i><a href="/wiki/Slub_(textiles)" title="Slub (textiles)">slub</a></i> is a much thicker section in which a mass of fibers is incorporated into the yarn.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The spun fibers are generally divided into <a href="/wiki/Animal_fiber" title="Animal fiber">animal fibers</a>, plant and <a href="/wiki/Synthetic_fiber" title="Synthetic fiber">synthetic fibers</a>. These fiber types are chemically different, corresponding to <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">proteins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carbohydrate" title="Carbohydrate">carbohydrates</a> and synthetic <a href="/wiki/Polymer" title="Polymer">polymers</a>, respectively. Animal fibers include silk, but generally are long hairs of animals such as <a href="/wiki/Sheep" title="Sheep">sheep</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wool" title="Wool">wool</a>), <a href="/wiki/Goat" title="Goat">goat</a> (<a href="/wiki/Angora_goat" title="Angora goat">angora</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Cashmere_goat" title="Cashmere goat">cashmere goat</a>), <a href="/wiki/Rabbit" title="Rabbit">rabbit</a> (<a href="/wiki/Angora_rabbit" title="Angora rabbit">angora</a>), <a href="/wiki/Llama" title="Llama">llama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alpaca" title="Alpaca">alpaca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dog" title="Dog">dog</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cat" title="Cat">cat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Camel" title="Camel">camel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yak" title="Yak">yak</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Muskox" title="Muskox">muskox</a> (<a href="/wiki/Qiviut" title="Qiviut">qiviut</a>). Plants used for fibers include <a href="/wiki/Cotton" title="Cotton">cotton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flax" title="Flax">flax</a> (for <a href="/wiki/Linen" title="Linen">linen</a>), <a href="/wiki/Bamboo" title="Bamboo">bamboo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ramie" title="Ramie">ramie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hemp" title="Hemp">hemp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jute" title="Jute">jute</a>, <a href="/wiki/Urtica_dioica" title="Urtica dioica">nettle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raffia" class="mw-redirect" title="Raffia">raffia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yucca" title="Yucca">yucca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coconut" title="Coconut">coconut</a> husk, <a href="/wiki/Banana_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Banana tree">banana trees</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soy" class="mw-redirect" title="Soy">soy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">corn</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rayon" title="Rayon">Rayon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cellulose_acetate" title="Cellulose acetate">acetate</a> fibers are also produced from <a href="/wiki/Cellulose" title="Cellulose">cellulose</a> mainly derived from <a href="/wiki/Tree" title="Tree">trees</a>. Common synthetic fibers include <a href="/wiki/Acrylic_fiber" title="Acrylic fiber">acrylics</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Polyester" title="Polyester">polyesters</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Polyethylene_terephthalate" title="Polyethylene terephthalate">dacron</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ingeo" title="Ingeo">ingeo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nylon" title="Nylon">nylon</a> and other polyamides, and <a href="/wiki/Olefin" class="mw-redirect" title="Olefin">olefins</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Polypropylene" title="Polypropylene">polypropylene</a>. Of these types, wool is generally favored for crochet, chiefly owing to its superior <a href="/wiki/Elasticity_(physics)" title="Elasticity (physics)">elasticity</a>, warmth and (sometimes) <a href="/wiki/Felt" title="Felt">felting</a>; however, wool is generally less convenient to <a href="/wiki/Laundry" title="Laundry">clean</a> and some people are allergic to it. It is also common to blend different fibers in the yarn, e.g., 85% alpaca and 15% silk. Even within a type of fiber, there can be great variety in the length and thickness of the fibers; for example, <a href="/wiki/Merino" title="Merino">Merino</a> wool and <a href="/wiki/Gossypium_barbadense" title="Gossypium barbadense">Egyptian cotton</a> are favored because they produce exceptionally long, thin (fine) fibers for their type.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>A single spun yarn may be crochet as is, or <a href="/wiki/Braid" title="Braid">braided</a> or <a href="/wiki/Plying" title="Plying">plied</a> with another. In plying, two or more yarns are spun together, almost always in the opposite sense from which they were spun individually; for example, two Z-twist yarns are usually plied with an S-twist. The opposing twist relieves some of the yarns' tendency to curl up and produces a thicker, <i>balanced</i> yarn. Plied yarns may themselves be plied together, producing <i>cabled yarns</i> or <i>multi-stranded yarns</i>. Sometimes, the yarns being plied are fed at different rates, so that one yarn loops around the other, as in <a href="/wiki/Boucl%C3%A9" title="Bouclé">bouclé</a>. The single yarns may be dyed separately before plying, or afterwards to give the yarn a uniform look.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The dyeing of yarns is a complex art. Yarns need not be dyed; or they may be dyed one color, or a great variety of colors. Dyeing may be done industrially, by hand or even hand-painted onto the yarn. A great variety of synthetic dyes have been developed since the synthesis of <a href="/wiki/Indigo_dye" title="Indigo dye">indigo dye</a> in the mid-19th century; however, <a href="/wiki/Natural_dye" title="Natural dye">natural dyes</a> are also possible, although they are generally less brilliant. The color-scheme of a yarn is sometimes called its <a href="/wiki/Colorway" title="Colorway">colorway</a>. Variegated yarns can produce interesting visual effects, such as diagonal stripes.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Process">Process</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crochet&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Process"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mohair_lace_crocheted_scarf_detailed_photo.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Mohair_lace_crocheted_scarf_detailed_photo.jpeg/220px-Mohair_lace_crocheted_scarf_detailed_photo.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Mohair_lace_crocheted_scarf_detailed_photo.jpeg/330px-Mohair_lace_crocheted_scarf_detailed_photo.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Mohair_lace_crocheted_scarf_detailed_photo.jpeg/440px-Mohair_lace_crocheted_scarf_detailed_photo.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>A close view of a crocheted scarf made with lace-weight mohair yarn.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Crochet_tablecloth.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Crochet_tablecloth.jpg/220px-Crochet_tablecloth.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Crochet_tablecloth.jpg/330px-Crochet_tablecloth.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Crochet_tablecloth.jpg/440px-Crochet_tablecloth.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2310" data-file-height="1400" /></a><figcaption>Crochet tablecloth, Kolkata, West Bengal, India</figcaption></figure> <p>Crocheted fabric is begun by placing a <a href="/wiki/Slip_knot" title="Slip knot">slip-knot</a> loop on the hook (though other methods, such as a magic ring or simple folding over of the yarn may be used), pulling another loop through the first loop, and repeating this process to create a chain of a suitable length. The chain is either turned and worked in rows, or joined to the beginning of the row with a slip stitch and worked in rounds. Rounds can also be created by working many stitches into a single loop. Stitches are made by pulling one or more loops through each loop of the chain. At any one time at the end of a stitch, there is only one loop left on the hook. Tunisian crochet, however, draws all of the loops for an entire row onto a long hook before working them off one at a time. Like knitting, crochet can be worked either flat (back and forth in rows) or in the round (in spirals, such as when making tubular pieces). <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types_of_stitches">Types of stitches</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crochet&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Types of stitches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Crochet_white_tablecloth.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Crochet_white_tablecloth.jpg/220px-Crochet_white_tablecloth.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Crochet_white_tablecloth.jpg/330px-Crochet_white_tablecloth.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Crochet_white_tablecloth.jpg/440px-Crochet_white_tablecloth.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2110" data-file-height="1603" /></a><figcaption>Indian Crochet white tablecloth about 1970.</figcaption></figure> <p>There are six main types of basic stitches (the following description uses international crochet terminology with US variants noted in backets). </p> <ol><li><i>Chain stitch (ch)</i> – the most basic of all stitches and used to begin most projects. Yarn round hook (yrh) and draw through.</li> <li><i>Slip stitch (sl st or ss)</i> – used to join chain stitch to form a ring. Insert hook in work, yrh, draw through.</li> <li><i>Double crochet (dc)</i> (US = single crochet) – Insert hook, draw loop through, (2 loops on hook, hence double), yrh, draw through.</li> <li><i>Half treble (htr)</i> (US = half double) – yrh, insert hook, draw loop through, (3 loops on hook, hence treble), yrh, draw through all loops.</li> <li><i>Treble (tr)</i> (US = double) - yrh, insert hook, draw loop through (3 loops on hook, hence treble), yrh, draw through 2 loops, yrh, draw through 2 loops.</li> <li><i>Double treble</i> (US = treble or triple) - as treble but 2 yrh at start (hence <i>double</i> treble). Also triple treble (ttr), as treble but with 3 yrh at start, and so on.</li></ol> <p>While the horizontal distance covered by these basic stitches is the same, they differ in height and can be replaced with a length of ch when required, e.g. 1 tr = 3 ch.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The more advanced stitches are often combinations of these basic stitches, or are made by inserting the hook into the work in unusual locations. More advanced stitches include the <i>shell stitch</i>, <i>V stitch</i>, <i>spike stitch</i>, <i>Afghan stitch</i>, <i>butterfly stitch</i>, <i>popcorn stitch</i>, <i>cluster stitch</i>, and <i>crocodile stitch</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_crochet_terms_and_notations">International crochet terms and notations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crochet&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: International crochet terms and notations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_crochet_stitches" title="List of crochet stitches">List of crochet stitches</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Crochet_symbols.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Crochet_symbols.gif/127px-Crochet_symbols.gif" decoding="async" width="127" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Crochet_symbols.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption>Some crochet symbols, abbreviations, and US/international terms</figcaption></figure> <p>There are two main notations of <a href="/wiki/List_of_crochet_stitches" title="List of crochet stitches">basic stitches</a>, one used across Europe, Australia, India and other crocheting nations, the other in the US and Canada. (In America, international terminology is often erroneously called British or UK terminology.) Crochet is traditionally worked from a written pattern using standard abbreviations or from a diagram, thus enabling non-English speakers to use English-based patterns.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To help counter confusion when reading patterns, a diagramming system using a standard international notation has come into use (illustration, left). In the United States, crochet terminology and sizing guidelines, as well as standards for yarn and hook labeling, are primarily regulated by the Craft Yarn Council.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"> <caption>Common Crochet Stitches<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>International term </th> <th>US term </th></tr> <tr> <td>Double crochet (sdc) </td> <td>Single crochet (dsc) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Half treble (htr) </td> <td>Half double crochet (hdc) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Treble (tr) </td> <td>Double crochet (dc) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Double treble (dtr) </td> <td>Triple crochet (tr) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Double crochet 2 together (dc2tog) </td> <td>Single 2 together (sc2tog) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Treble 2 together (tr2tog) </td> <td>Double 2 together (dc2tog) </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Another terminological difference is known as <i>tension</i> (international) and <i>gauge</i> (US). Individual crocheters work yarn with a loose or a tight hold and, if unmeasured, these differences can lead to significant size changes in finished garments that have the same number of stitches. In order to control for this inconsistency, printed crochet instructions include a standard for the number of stitches across a standard swatch of fabric. An individual crocheter begins work by producing a test swatch and compensating for any discrepancy by changing to a smaller or larger hook.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Differences_from_and_similarities_to_knitting">Differences from and similarities to knitting</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crochet&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Differences from and similarities to knitting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One of the more obvious differences is that crochet uses one hook while much <a href="/wiki/Knitting" title="Knitting">knitting</a> uses two needles. In most crochet, the artisan usually has only one live stitch on the hook (with the exception being Tunisian crochet), while a knitter keeps an entire row of stitches active simultaneously. Dropped stitches, which can unravel a knitted fabric, rarely interfere with crochet work, due to a second structural difference between knitting and crochet. In knitting, each stitch is supported by the corresponding stitch in the row above and it supports the corresponding stitch in the row below, whereas crochet stitches are only supported by and support the stitches on either side of it. If a stitch in a finished crocheted item breaks, the stitches above and below remain intact, and because of the complex looping of each stitch, the stitches on either side are unlikely to come loose unless heavily stressed.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Round or cylindrical patterns are simple to produce with a regular crochet hook, but cylindrical knitting requires either a set of circular needles or three to five special double-ended needles. Many crocheted items are composed of individual <a href="/wiki/Motif_(textile_arts)" title="Motif (textile arts)">motifs</a> which are then joined, either by sewing or crocheting, whereas knitting is usually composed of one fabric, such as <a href="/wiki/Entrelac" title="Entrelac">entrelac</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Freeform_crochet_and_knitting" title="Freeform crochet and knitting">Freeform crochet</a> is a technique that can create interesting shapes in three dimensions because new stitches can be made independently of previous stitches almost anywhere in the crocheted piece. It is generally accomplished by building shapes or structural elements onto existing crocheted fabric at any place the crafter desires. </p><p>Knitting can be accomplished by machine, while many crochet stitches can only be crafted by hand. The height of knitted and crocheted stitches is also different: a single crochet stitch is twice the height of a knit stitch in the same yarn size and comparable diameter tools, and a double crochet stitch is about four times the height of a knit stitch.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While most crochet is made with a hook, there is also a method of crocheting with a knitting loom. This is called <i>loomchet</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Slip stitch crochet is very similar to knitting. Each stitch in slip stitch crochet is formed the same way as a knit or purl stitch which is then bound off. A person working in slip stitch crochet can follow a knitted pattern with knits, purls, and cables, and get a similar result.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is a common perception that crochet produces a thicker fabric than knitting, tends to have less "give" than knitted fabric, and uses approximately a third more yarn for a comparable project than knitted items. Although this is true when comparing a single crochet swatch with a stockinette swatch, both made with the same size yarn and needle/hook, it is not necessarily true for crochet in general. Most crochet uses far less than 1/3 more yarn than knitting for comparable pieces, and a crocheter can get similar feel and drape to knitting by using a larger hook or thinner yarn. Tunisian crochet and slip stitch crochet can in some cases use less yarn than knitting for comparable pieces. According to sources<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> claiming to have tested the 1/3 more yarn assertion, a single crochet stitch (sc) uses approximately the same amount of yarn as knit garter stitch, but more yarn than stockinette stitch. Any stitch using yarnovers uses less yarn than single crochet to produce the same amount of fabric. Cluster stitches, which are in fact multiple stitches worked together, will use the most length.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Standard crochet stitches like sc and dc also produce a thicker fabric, more like knit garter stitch. This is part of why they use more yarn. Slip stitch can produce a fabric much like stockinette that is thinner and therefore uses less yarn. </p><p>Any yarn can be either knitted or crocheted, provided needles or hooks of the correct size are used, but the cord's properties should be taken into account. For example, lofty, thick woolen yarns tend to function better when knitted, which does not crush their airy structure, while thin and tightly spun yarn helps to achieve the firm texture required for <a href="/wiki/Amigurumi" title="Amigurumi">Amigurumi</a> crochet.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="center"> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 972px;"> <li class="gallerycaption">Differences between crochet and knitting</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crochet-round.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Most crochet uses one hook and works upon one stitch at a time. Crochet may be worked in circular rounds without any specialized tools, as shown here."><img alt="Most crochet uses one hook and works upon one stitch at a time. Crochet may be worked in circular rounds without any specialized tools, as shown here." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Crochet-round.jpg/200px-Crochet-round.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Crochet-round.jpg/300px-Crochet-round.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Crochet-round.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Most crochet uses one hook and works upon one stitch at a time. Crochet may be worked in circular rounds without any specialized tools, as shown here.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pink_knitting_in_front_of_pink_sweatshirt.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Knitting uses two or more straight needles that carry multiple stitches."><img alt="Knitting uses two or more straight needles that carry multiple stitches." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Pink_knitting_in_front_of_pink_sweatshirt.JPG/200px-Pink_knitting_in_front_of_pink_sweatshirt.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Pink_knitting_in_front_of_pink_sweatshirt.JPG/300px-Pink_knitting_in_front_of_pink_sweatshirt.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Pink_knitting_in_front_of_pink_sweatshirt.JPG/400px-Pink_knitting_in_front_of_pink_sweatshirt.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Knitting uses two or more straight needles that carry multiple stitches.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Doublepoints2.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Unlike crochet, knitting requires specialized needles to create circular rounds."><img alt="Unlike crochet, knitting requires specialized needles to create circular rounds." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Doublepoints2.JPG/200px-Doublepoints2.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Doublepoints2.JPG/300px-Doublepoints2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Doublepoints2.JPG/400px-Doublepoints2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Unlike crochet, knitting requires specialized needles to create circular rounds.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Amigurumi-bear.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="For amigurumi, crocheting creates a knobbier and more structured texture compared with knitting."><img alt="For amigurumi, crocheting creates a knobbier and more structured texture compared with knitting." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Amigurumi-bear.jpg/190px-Amigurumi-bear.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Amigurumi-bear.jpg/285px-Amigurumi-bear.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Amigurumi-bear.jpg/379px-Amigurumi-bear.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3856" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">For <a href="/wiki/Amigurumi" title="Amigurumi">amigurumi</a>, crocheting creates a knobbier and more structured texture compared with knitting.</div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Charity_and_activism"><span class="anchor" id="Charity"></span>Charity and activism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crochet&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Charity and activism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It has been very common for people and groups to crochet clothing and other garments and then donate them to soldiers during war. People have also crocheted clothing and then donated it to hospitals, for sick patients and also for newborn babies. Sometimes groups will crochet for a specific charity purpose, such as crocheting for <a href="/wiki/Homeless_shelters" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeless shelters">homeless shelters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nursing_homes" class="mw-redirect" title="Nursing homes">nursing homes</a>, etc. </p><p>It is becoming increasingly popular to crochet hats (commonly referred to as "chemo caps") and donate them to <a href="/wiki/Cancer" title="Cancer">cancer</a> treatment centers, for those undergoing <a href="/wiki/Chemotherapy" title="Chemotherapy">chemotherapy</a> and therefore losing hair. During October pink hats and scarves are made and proceeds are donated to breast cancer funds. Organizations dedicated to using crochet as a way to help others include <a href="/wiki/Knots_of_Love" title="Knots of Love">Knots of Love</a>, Crochet for Cancer,<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Soldiers' Angels.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These organizations offer warm useful items for people in need. </p><p>In 2020, people around the world banded together to help save the wildlife affected by the Australian bushfires by crocheting kangaroo pouches, koala mittens and wildlife nests.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was an international effort to help during the particularly bad <a href="/wiki/2019%E2%80%9320_Australian_bushfire_season" title="2019–20 Australian bushfire season">bushfire season</a> which devastated local ecological systems. </p><p>A group started in 2005 to create crochet versions of coral reefs grew by 2022 to over 20,000 contributors in what became the Crochet Coral Reef Project.<sup id="cite_ref-DeutscheWelt_20220130_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DeutscheWelt_20220130-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To promote awareness of the effects of <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">global warming</a>, their creations have been displayed in galleries and museums by an estimated 2 million people.<sup id="cite_ref-DeutscheWelt_20220130_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DeutscheWelt_20220130-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many creations apply <a href="/wiki/Hyperbolic_geometry" title="Hyperbolic geometry">hyperbolic (curved) geometric shapes</a>—distinguished from <a href="/wiki/Euclidean_geometry" title="Euclidean geometry">Euclidean (flat) geometry</a>—to emulate natural structures.<sup id="cite_ref-DeutscheWelt_20220130_44-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DeutscheWelt_20220130-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mathematics_and_hyperbolic_crochet">Mathematics and hyperbolic crochet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crochet&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Mathematics and hyperbolic crochet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Crochet has been used to illustrate shapes in hyperbolic space that are difficult to reproduce using other media or are difficult to understand when viewed two-dimensionally.<sup id="cite_ref-hyperbolic_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hyperbolic-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> Mathematician <a href="/wiki/Daina_Taimi%C5%86a" title="Daina Taimiņa">Daina Taimiņa</a> first used crochet in 1997 to create strong, durable models of hyperbolic space after finding paper models were delicate and hard to create. These models enable one to turn, fold, and otherwise manipulate space to more fully grasp ideas such as how a line can appear curved in hyperbolic space yet actually be straight. Her work received an exhibition by the <a href="/wiki/Institute_For_Figuring" title="Institute For Figuring">Institute For Figuring</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-hyperbolic_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hyperbolic-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Crochet_hyperbolic_kelp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Crochet_hyperbolic_kelp.jpg/220px-Crochet_hyperbolic_kelp.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Crochet_hyperbolic_kelp.jpg/330px-Crochet_hyperbolic_kelp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Crochet_hyperbolic_kelp.jpg/440px-Crochet_hyperbolic_kelp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>A collection of crocheted hyperbolic planes, in imitation of a coral reef.</figcaption></figure> <p>Examples in nature of organisms that show hyperbolic structures include lettuces, sea slugs, flatworms and coral. <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Wertheim" title="Margaret Wertheim">Margaret Wertheim</a> and Christine Wertheim of the <a href="/wiki/Institute_For_Figuring" title="Institute For Figuring">Institute For Figuring</a> created a travelling art installation of a coral reef using Taimina's method. Local artists are encouraged to create their own "satellite reefs" to be included alongside the original display.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As hyperbolic and mathematics-based crochet has become more popular, there have been several events highlighting work from various fiber artists. Two shows were <i>Sant Ocean Hall</i> at the <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution" title="Smithsonian Institution">Smithsonian</a> in Washington, D.C., and <i>Sticks, Hooks, and the Mobius: Knit and Crochet Go Cerebral</i> at <a href="/wiki/Lafayette_College" title="Lafayette College">Lafayette College</a> in Pennsylvania.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Architecture">Architecture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crochet&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <i>Style in the technical arts</i>, Gottfried Semper looks at the textile with great promise and historical precedent.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (October 2022)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In Section 53, he writes of the "loop stitch, or Noeud Coulant: a knot that, if untied, causes the whole system to unravel." In the same section, Semper confesses his ignorance of the subject of crochet but believes strongly that it is a technique of great value as a textile technique and possibly something more. </p><p>There are a small number of architects currently interested in the subject of crochet as it relates to architecture. The following publications, explorations and thesis projects can be used as a resource to see how crochet is being used within the capacity of architecture. </p> <ul><li><i>Emergent Explorations: Analog and Digital Scripting</i> – Alexander Worden</li> <li><i>Research and Design: The Architecture of Variation</i> – Lars Spuybroek</li> <li><i>YurtAlert</i> – Kate Pokorny</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Yarn_bombing">Yarn bombing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crochet&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Yarn bombing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Yarn_bombing" title="Yarn bombing">Yarn bombing</a></div> <p>In the past few years, a practice called <a href="/wiki/Yarn_bombing" title="Yarn bombing">yarn bombing</a>, or the use of knitted or crocheted cloth to modify and beautify one's (usually outdoor) surroundings, emerged in the US and spread worldwide.<sup id="cite_ref-yarnbombing_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yarnbombing-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yarn bombers sometimes target existing pieces of graffiti for beautification. In 2010, an entity dubbed "the Midnight Knitter" hit West Cape May. Residents awoke to find knit cozies hugging tree branches and sign poles.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2015, Grace Brett was named "The World's Oldest Yarn Bomber". She is part of a group of yarn graffiti-artists called the Souter Stormers, who beautify their local town in Scotland.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Styles_in_crochet">Styles in crochet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crochet&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Styles in crochet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Mosaic Crochet</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granny_square" title="Granny square">Granny square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freeform_crochet_and_knitting" title="Freeform crochet and knitting">Freeform Crochet</a></li> <li>Motifs</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crocheted_lace" title="Crocheted lace">Crocheted lace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_Crochet" class="mw-redirect" title="Tunisian Crochet">Tunisian Crochet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapestry_Crochet" class="mw-redirect" title="Tapestry Crochet">Tapestry Crochet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amigurumi" title="Amigurumi">Amigurumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filet_Crochet" class="mw-redirect" title="Filet Crochet">Filet Crochet</a></li> <li>Corner to Corner (C2C) Crochet</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crochet&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crochet_Guild_of_America" title="Crochet Guild of America">Crochet Guild of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Tempestry_Project" title="The Tempestry Project">The Tempestry Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiber_art" title="Fiber art">Fiber art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macram%C3%A9" title="Macramé">Macramé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knitting" title="Knitting">Knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewing" title="Sewing">Sewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embroidery" title="Embroidery">Embroidery</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crochet&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/crochet">"crochet"</a>. Dictionary.reference.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-04-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=crochet&rft.pub=Dictionary.reference.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdictionary.reference.com%2Fbrowse%2Fcrochet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrochet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wordreference.com/fren/crochet">"crochet"</a>. Wordreference.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-04-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=crochet&rft.pub=Wordreference.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wordreference.com%2Ffren%2Fcrochet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrochet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Crochet-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Crochet_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Crochet_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thefreedictionary.com/crochet">"Crochet"</a>. The Free Dictionary By Farlex<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-05-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Crochet&rft.pub=The+Free+Dictionary+By+Farlex&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefreedictionary.com%2Fcrochet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrochet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEarnshaw1999" class="citation book cs1">Earnshaw, Pat (1999-01-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Kf_atmcxERcC&dq=The+crochet+name+is+derived+from+the+French+term+croc,+which+means+'hook'&pg=PP1"><i>A Dictionary of Lace</i></a>. Courier Corporation. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-486-40482-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-486-40482-0"><bdi>978-0-486-40482-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+Lace&rft.pub=Courier+Corporation&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.isbn=978-0-486-40482-0&rft.aulast=Earnshaw&rft.aufirst=Pat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKf_atmcxERcC%26dq%3DThe%2Bcrochet%2Bname%2Bis%2Bderived%2Bfrom%2Bthe%2BFrench%2Bterm%2Bcroc%2C%2Bwhich%2Bmeans%2B%27hook%27%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrochet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Santina_M._Levey" title="Santina M. Levey">Santina M. Levey</a>, <i>Lace: a History</i>, Victoria & Albert Museum, London, 1983, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/090128615X" title="Special:BookSources/090128615X">090128615X</a>, p. 92</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Teulet, 'Maison de Marie-Stuart', <i>Relations Politiques</i>, vol. 2 (Paris, 1862), p. 273.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lis Paludan, <i>Crochet: History & Technique</i>, Interweave Press, Loveland CO, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1883010098" title="Special:BookSources/1883010098">1883010098</a>, p. 76</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://play.google.com/store/books/details/Penélopé_of_maandwerk_aan_het_vrouwelijk_geslacht?id=PtFeAAAAcAAJ">[1]</a> A. B. Van Meerten, <i>Penélopé, of, Maandwerk aan het vrouwelijk geslacht toegewijd</i>, Amsterdam, 1824, pp. 90–94</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sarah Hazell, <i>200 Crochet Stitches</i>, Search Press, Kent, 2013, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84448-963-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84448-963-3">978-1-84448-963-3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://archive.org/stream/memoirsofhighlan00graniala#page/182/">[2]</a> Elizabeth Grant, <i>The Memoirs of a Highland Lady</i>, John Murray, London, 1898 p. 182.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=umn.31951002797142b;view=1up;seq=176">[3]</a> A. 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Riego de la Branchardiere, <i>Knitting, Crochet, and Netting</i>, London, 1846, p.57</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/00404969.2018.1491689">https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/00404969.2018.1491689</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://archive.org/stream/TheLadysAssistantForExecutingUsefulAndFancyDesignsInKnitting/gaugain_lady_01#page/n8/">[7]</a> Mrs. Gaugain, <i>The Lady's Assistant for Executing Useful and Fancy Designs in Knitting, Netting and Crotchet Work</i>, Edinburgh, 1840</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://archive.org/stream/ladysassistantfo01gaug">[8]</a> <a href="/wiki/Jane_Gaugain" title="Jane Gaugain">Jane Gaugain</a>, <i>The Lady's Assistant for Executing Useful and Fancy Designs in Knitting, Netting and Crochet Work</i>, 4th ed., 1847</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/art/crochet-craft">"Crochet | craft"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Crochet+%26%23124%3B+craft&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fart%2Fcrochet-craft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrochet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Crochet_Lace_Exhibit_Catalog-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Crochet_Lace_Exhibit_Catalog_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lacismuseum.org/exhibit/Irish%20Crochet%20Lace.pdf">Irish Crochet Lace Exhibit Catalog</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100601222756/http://lacismuseum.org/exhibit/Irish%20Crochet%20Lace.pdf">Archived</a> 2010-06-01 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Lacis Museum of Lace and Textiles. 2005.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170202012440/http://www.crochet.org/?page=CrochetHistory">"Crochet History - Crochet Guild of America (CGOA)"</a>. <i>www.crochet.org</i>. 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Berkeley Daily Planet, April 19, 2005.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcFadden2022" class="citation web cs1">McFadden, Debbie (31 January 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kwqc.com/2022/01/31/bettendorf-knitting-expert-is-you-tube-star/">"Bettendorf crochet expert is a You Tube star"</a>. <i>www.kwqc.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-03-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kwqc.com&rft.atitle=Bettendorf+crochet+expert+is+a+You+Tube+star&rft.date=2022-01-31&rft.aulast=McFadden&rft.aufirst=Debbie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kwqc.com%2F2022%2F01%2F31%2Fbettendorf-knitting-expert-is-you-tube-star%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrochet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://artipack.fr/26-sacs-en-toile-de-jute-sur-stock">"Sac en toile de jute et cabas courses à personnaliser en sérigraphie"</a>. <i>artipack.fr</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=artipack.fr&rft.atitle=Sac+en+toile+de+jute+et+cabas+courses+%C3%A0+personnaliser+en+s%C3%A9rigraphie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fartipack.fr%2F26-sacs-en-toile-de-jute-sur-stock&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrochet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.strikemagazines.com/blog-2-1/crocheting-the-sustainable-fashion-trend-you-wont-want-to-miss">"Crocheting: The Sustainable Fashion Trend You Won't Want to Miss"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Crocheting%3A+The+Sustainable+Fashion+Trend+You+Won%27t+Want+to+Miss&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.strikemagazines.com%2Fblog-2-1%2Fcrocheting-the-sustainable-fashion-trend-you-wont-want-to-miss&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrochet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.herworld.com/style/fashion/why-you-really-shouldnt-buyfast-fashion-crochet">"Why you really, really, shouldn't buy crochet in fast fashion"</a>. 27 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Why+you+really%2C+really%2C+shouldn%27t+buy+crochet+in+fast+fashion&rft.date=2022-12-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.herworld.com%2Fstyle%2Ffashion%2Fwhy-you-really-shouldnt-buyfast-fashion-crochet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrochet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.craftyarncouncil.com/standards/hooks-and-needles">"Hooks & Needles | Welcome to the Craft Yarn Council"</a>. <i>www.craftyarncouncil.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-05-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Knitters+turn+to+graffiti+artists+with+%27yarnbombing%27&rft.date=2009-01-21&rft.au=Anonymous&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuknews%2F4305406%2FKnitters-turn-to-graffiti-artists-with-yarnbombing.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrochet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2010/03/midnight_knitter_covers_west_c.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Midnight Knitter' covers West Cape May trees, lamp poles with yarn"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27Midnight+Knitter%27+covers+West+Cape+May+trees%2C+lamp+poles+with+yarn&rft.pub=NJ.com&rft.date=2010-03-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nj.com%2Fnews%2Findex.ssf%2F2010%2F03%2Fmidnight_knitter_covers_west_c.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrochet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShah2015" class="citation web cs1">Shah, Yagana (September 25, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffpost.com/entry/great-grandmother-spreads-her-yarn-graffiti-all-over-town_n_56055ce5e4b0af3706dbe715">"104-Year-Old 'Yarn Bomber' Spreads Her 'Graffiti' All Over Town"</a>. <i>HuffPost</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HuffPost&rft.atitle=104-Year-Old+%27Yarn+Bomber%27+Spreads+Her+%27Graffiti%27+All+Over+Town&rft.date=2015-09-25&rft.aulast=Shah&rft.aufirst=Yagana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffpost.com%2Fentry%2Fgreat-grandmother-spreads-her-yarn-graffiti-all-over-town_n_56055ce5e4b0af3706dbe715&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrochet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crochet&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gutenberg.org/ebooks/73303">The ladies' complete guide to crochet, fancy knitting, and needlework by Stephens</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaren_MantheySusan_BrittainJulie_Armstrong_Holetz2010" class="citation book cs1">Karen Manthey; Susan Brittain; Julie Armstrong Holetz (2010). <i>Crocheting for Dummies</i> (paperback) (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-470-53645-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-470-53645-2"><bdi>978-0-470-53645-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Crocheting+for+Dummies&rft.place=Hoboken%2C+NJ&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Wiley&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-470-53645-2&rft.au=Karen+Manthey&rft.au=Susan+Brittain&rft.au=Julie+Armstrong+Holetz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrochet" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Hadley, Sara. "Irish Crochet Lace", <i>The Lace Maker</i>, Vol. 4 3, New York: D.S. Bennet, 1911.</li> <li>Kooler, Donna <i>Donna Kooler's Encyclopedia of Crochet</i>, Leisure Arts, Inc., Little Rock, Arkansas</li> <li>Lambert, Miss [Frances]. <i>My Crochet Sampler</i>, London: John Murray, Albemarle Street, 1844.</li> <li>Potter, Annie Louise. <i>A living mystery: the international art & history of crochet</i></li> <li>Riego de la Branchardiere, Eléanor. <i>Crochet Book 4th Series</i>, London: Simpkin, Marshall, and Co., 1848.</li> <li>Riego de la Branchardiere, Eléanor. <i>Crochet Book 6th Series, containing D'Oyleys and Anti-Macassars</i>, London: Simpkin, Marshall, and Co., 1877. This is the 20th printing of this book; the original publishing date is probably about 1850.</li> <li>Riego de la Branchardiere, Eléanor. <i>Crochet Book, 9th Series or Third Winter Book</i>, London: Simpkin, Marshall and Co., 1850.</li> <li>Warren, <i>The Court Crochet Doyley Book</i>, London: Ackermann & Co, 1847.</li> <li>Wildman, Emily. <i>Step-By-Step Crochet</i>, 1972</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crochet&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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</div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crochet_sweden.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Crochet_sweden.jpg/175px-Crochet_sweden.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Crochet_sweden.jpg/263px-Crochet_sweden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Crochet_sweden.jpg/350px-Crochet_sweden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="388" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Techniques<br /> and motifs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bead_crochet" title="Bead crochet">Bead crochet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blocking_(textile_arts)" title="Blocking (textile arts)">Blocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gauge_(knitting)" title="Gauge (knitting)">Gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granny_square" title="Granny square">Granny square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_crochet_stitches" title="List of crochet stitches">List of crochet stitches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shell_stitch" title="Shell stitch">Shell stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapestry_crochet" title="Tapestry crochet">Tapestry crochet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_crochet" title="Tunisian crochet">Tunisian crochet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Items</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amigurumi" title="Amigurumi">Amigurumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noken" title="Noken">Noken or Bilum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doily" title="Doily">Doily</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Crocheted lace</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broomstick_lace" title="Broomstick lace">Broomstick lace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crocheted_lace" title="Crocheted lace">Crocheted lace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filet_crochet" title="Filet crochet">Filet crochet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hairpin_lace" title="Hairpin lace">Hairpin lace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_lace" title="Irish lace">Irish crochet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crochet_thread" title="Crochet thread">Crochet thread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dye_lot" title="Dye lot">Dye lot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarn" title="Yarn">Yarn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Textile_arts" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Textile_arts" title="Template:Textile arts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Textile_arts" title="Template talk:Textile arts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Textile_arts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Textile arts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Textile_arts" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Textile_arts" title="Textile arts">Textile arts</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fundamentals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beadwork" title="Beadwork">Beadwork</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Crochet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyeing" title="Dyeing">Dyeing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embroidery" title="Embroidery">Embroidery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lace" title="Lace">Lace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macram%C3%A9" title="Macramé">Macramé</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needlework" title="Needlework">Needlework</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile" title="Textile">Fabric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felt" title="Felt">Felting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiber" title="Fiber">Fiber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knitting" title="Knitting">Knitting</a></li> <li>Layering <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appliqu%C3%A9" title="Appliqué">Appliqué</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patchwork" title="Patchwork">Patchwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quilting" title="Quilting">Quilting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A5lebinding" title="Nålebinding">Nålebinding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plying" title="Plying">Plying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rope" title="Rope">Rope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rug_making" title="Rug making">Rug making</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewing" title="Sewing">Sewing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Passementerie" title="Passementerie">Passementerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stitch_(textile_arts)" title="Stitch (textile arts)">Stitch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinning_(textiles)" title="Spinning (textiles)">Spinning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_printing" title="Textile printing">Textile printing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weaving" title="Weaving">Weaving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarn" title="Yarn">Yarn</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alpackaull.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Alpackaull.jpg/110px-Alpackaull.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Alpackaull.jpg/165px-Alpackaull.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Alpackaull.jpg/220px-Alpackaull.jpg 2x" data-file-width="756" data-file-height="567" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History of ...</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_clothing_and_textiles" title="History of clothing and textiles">Clothing and textiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_quilting" title="History of quilting">Quilting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_silk" title="History of silk">Silk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_silk" title="Byzantine silk">Byzantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silk_in_the_Indian_subcontinent" title="Silk in the Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_manufacture_during_the_British_Industrial_Revolution" title="Textile manufacture during the British Industrial Revolution">Textile manufacture during the British Industrial Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_manufacturing_by_pre-industrial_methods" title="Textile manufacturing by pre-industrial methods">Textile manufacturing by pre-industrial methods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_clothing_and_textiles_technology" title="Timeline of clothing and textiles technology">Timeline of clothing and textiles technology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional and ethnic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_textiles" title="African textiles">African</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kongo_textiles" title="Kongo textiles">Kongo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuba_textiles" title="Kuba textiles">Kuba</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_fibrecraft" title="Australian Aboriginal fibrecraft">Australian Aboriginal</a></li> <li>Burmese <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acheik" title="Acheik">Acheik</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hmong_textile_art" title="Hmong textile art">Hmong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_arts_of_the_Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Textile arts of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas">Indigenous peoples of the Americas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andean_textiles" title="Andean textiles">Andean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mapuche_textiles" title="Mapuche textiles">Mapuche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_textiles" title="Maya textiles">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textiles_of_Mexico" title="Textiles of Mexico">Mexican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navajo_weaving" title="Navajo weaving">Navajo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textiles_of_Oaxaca" title="Textiles of Oaxaca">Oaxacan</a></li></ul></li> <li>Indonesian <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_textiles" title="Balinese textiles">Balinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textiles_of_Sumba" title="Textiles of Sumba">Sumba</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_fabric_arts" title="Korean fabric arts">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_traditional_textiles" title="Māori traditional textiles">Māori</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blocking_(textile_arts)" title="Blocking (textile arts)">Blocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_textiles" title="Conservation and restoration of textiles">Conservation and restoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiber_art" title="Fiber art">Fiber art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wearable_art#Wearable_fiber_art" title="Wearable art">wearable fiber art</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_industry" title="Textile industry">Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_manufacturing" title="Textile manufacturing">Manufacturing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathematics_and_fiber_arts" title="Mathematics and fiber arts">Mathematics and fiber arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_recycling" title="Textile recycling">Recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Units_of_textile_measurement" title="Units of textile measurement">Units of measurement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Glossaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_dyeing_terms" title="Glossary of dyeing terms">Dyeing terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_sewing_terms" title="Glossary of sewing terms">Sewing terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_textile_manufacturing" title="Glossary of textile manufacturing">Textile manufacturing terms</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emojione_1F458.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Emojione_1F458.svg/16px-Emojione_1F458.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Emojione_1F458.svg/24px-Emojione_1F458.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Emojione_1F458.svg/32px-Emojione_1F458.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Clothing" title="Portal:Clothing">Clothing portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Decorative_arts_and_handicraft" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Decorative_arts" title="Template:Decorative arts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Decorative_arts" title="Template talk:Decorative arts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Decorative_arts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Decorative arts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Decorative_arts_and_handicraft" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Decorative_arts" title="Decorative arts">Decorative arts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Handicraft" title="Handicraft">handicraft</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_decorative_arts" title="History of decorative arts">History</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Textile_arts" title="Textile arts">Textile</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banner-making" title="Banner-making">Banner-making</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canvas_work" class="mw-redirect" title="Canvas work">Canvas work</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Crocheting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-stitch" title="Cross-stitch">Cross-stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embroidery" title="Embroidery">Embroidery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felt" title="Felt">Felting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friendship_bracelet" title="Friendship bracelet">Friendship bracelet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knitting" title="Knitting">Knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lace" title="Lace">Lace-making</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucet" title="Lucet">Lucet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macram%C3%A9" title="Macramé">Macrame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatmaking" title="Hatmaking">Millinery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needlepoint" title="Needlepoint">Needlepoint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needlework" title="Needlework">Needlework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patchwork" title="Patchwork">Patchwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quilting" title="Quilting">Quilting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embroidery" title="Embroidery">Ribbon embroidery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carpet" title="Carpet">Carpet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rug_hooking" title="Rug hooking">Rug hooking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rug_making" title="Rug making">Rug making</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewing" title="Sewing">Sewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoemaking" title="Shoemaking">Shoemaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinning_(textiles)" title="Spinning (textiles)">Spinning (textiles)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/String_art" title="String art">String art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapestry" title="Tapestry">Tapestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatting" title="Tatting">Tatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tie-dye" title="Tie-dye">Tie-dye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weaving" title="Weaving">Weaving</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Paper" title="Paper">Paper</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altered_book" title="Altered book">Altered book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bookbinding" title="Bookbinding">Bookbinding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calligraphy" title="Calligraphy">Calligraphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardmaking" title="Cardmaking">Cardmaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cast_paper" title="Cast paper">Cast paper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collage" title="Collage">Collage</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Decoupage" title="Decoupage">Decoupage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papier_coll%C3%A9" title="Papier collé">Papier collé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photomontage" title="Photomontage">Photomontage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decal" title="Decal">Decal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iris_folding" title="Iris folding">Iris folding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jianzhi" class="mw-redirect" title="Jianzhi">Jianzhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamikiri_(papercutting)" title="Kamikiri (papercutting)">Kamikiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origami" title="Origami">Origami</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kirigami" title="Kirigami">Kirigami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moneygami" title="Moneygami">Moneygami</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_embossing" title="Paper embossing">Embossing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_marbling" title="Paper marbling">Marbling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_model" title="Paper model">Papercraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papercutting" title="Papercutting">Papercutting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_paper_cutting" title="Chinese paper cutting">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_paper_cutting" title="Jewish paper cutting">Jewish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wycinanki" class="mw-redirect" title="Wycinanki">Slavic</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papermaking" title="Papermaking">Papermaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_toys" title="Paper toys">Paper toys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papier-m%C3%A2ch%C3%A9" title="Papier-mâché">Papier-mâché</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop-up_book" title="Pop-up book">Pop-up book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quilling" title="Quilling">Quilling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrapbooking" title="Scrapbooking">Scrapbooking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubber_stamp" title="Rubber stamp">Stamping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallpaper" title="Wallpaper">Wallpaper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Woodworking" title="Woodworking">Wood</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bentwood" title="Bentwood">Bentwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinetry" title="Cabinetry">Cabinetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carpentry" title="Carpentry">Carpentry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chip_carving" title="Chip carving">Chip carving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89b%C3%A9niste" title="Ébéniste">Ébéniste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fretwork" title="Fretwork">Fretwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intarsia" title="Intarsia">Intarsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquetry" title="Marquetry">Marquetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrography" title="Pyrography">Wood burning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_carving" title="Wood carving">Wood carving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodturning" title="Woodturning">Woodturning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ceramic_art" title="Ceramic art">Ceramic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azulejo" title="Azulejo">Azulejo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bone_china" title="Bone china">Bone china</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earthenware" title="Earthenware">Earthenware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porcelain" title="Porcelain">Porcelain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pottery" title="Pottery">Pottery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoneware" title="Stoneware">Stoneware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terracotta" title="Terracotta">Terracotta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tile" title="Tile">Tile</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Glass_art" title="Glass art">Glass</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cameo_glass" title="Cameo glass">Cameo glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chip_work" title="Chip work">Chip work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enamelled_glass" title="Enamelled glass">Enamelled glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_etching" title="Glass etching">Glass etching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_glassware" title="List of glassware">Glassware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirror" title="Mirror">Mirror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stained_glass" title="Stained glass">Stained glass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Metalworking" title="Metalworking">Metal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andiron" title="Andiron">Andiron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemical_milling" title="Chemical milling">Chemical milling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitreous_enamel" title="Vitreous enamel">Enamel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engraving" title="Engraving">Engraving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etching" title="Etching">Etching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewellery" title="Jewellery">Jewellery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldsmith" title="Goldsmith">Goldsmith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silversmith" title="Silversmith">Silversmith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronze_and_brass_ornamental_work" class="mw-redirect" title="Bronze and brass ornamental work">Bronze and brass ornamental work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ironwork" title="Ironwork">Ironwork</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assemblage_(art)" title="Assemblage (art)">Assemblage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balloon_modelling" title="Balloon modelling">Balloon modelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beadwork" title="Beadwork">Beadwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bone_carving" title="Bone carving">Bone carving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doll" title="Doll">Doll making</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dollhouse" title="Dollhouse">Dollhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_decorating" title="Egg decorating">Egg decorating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engraved_gem" title="Engraved gem">Engraved gems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faux_painting" title="Faux painting">Faux painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grotesque_(architecture)" title="Grotesque (architecture)">Grotesque</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gargoyle" title="Gargoyle">Gargoyle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardstone_carving" title="Hardstone carving">Hardstone carving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inro" title="Inro">Inro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lath_art" title="Lath art">Lath art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapidary" title="Lapidary">Lapidary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leather_crafting" title="Leather crafting">Leatherworking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scale_model" title="Scale model">Miniatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micromosaic" title="Micromosaic">Micromosaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosaic" title="Mosaic">Mosaic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glass_mosaic" title="Glass mosaic">Glass mosaic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netsuke" title="Netsuke">Netsuke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ornament_(art)" title="Ornament (art)">Ornament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decorative_painting_in_H%C3%A4lsingland" title="Decorative painting in Hälsingland">Painting in Hälsingland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pargeting" title="Pargeting">Pargeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietra_dura" title="Pietra dura">Pietra dura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_press" title="Private press">Private press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pressed_flower_craft" class="mw-redirect" title="Pressed flower craft">Pressed flower craft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qing_handicrafts" title="Qing handicrafts">Qing handicrafts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrimshaw" title="Scrimshaw">Scrimshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straw_marquetry" title="Straw marquetry">Straw marquetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxidermy" title="Taxidermy">Taxidermy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wall_decal" title="Wall decal">Wall decal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" 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