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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Pembagian_bahasa-bahasa_Jermanik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pembagian_bahasa-bahasa_Jermanik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Pembagian bahasa-bahasa Jermanik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pembagian_bahasa-bahasa_Jermanik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tabel_perbandingan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tabel_perbandingan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Tabel perbandingan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tabel_perbandingan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Status_saat_ini" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Status_saat_ini"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Status saat ini</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Status_saat_ini-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Rumpun bahasa Jermanik</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 140 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-140" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">140 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%88%D3%99%D0%B0%D2%9B%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Агерман бызшәақәа – Abkhaz" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Агерман бызшәақәа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhaz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germaanse_tale" title="Germaanse tale – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Germaanse tale" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanische_Sprachen" title="Germanische Sprachen – Jerman (Swiss)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Germanische Sprachen" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Jerman (Swiss)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%80%E1%88%AD%E1%88%98%E1%8A%93%E1%8B%8A_%E1%89%8B%E1%8A%95%E1%89%8B%E1%8B%8E%E1%89%BD" title="ጀርመናዊ ቋንቋዎች – Amharik" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ጀርመናዊ ቋንቋዎች" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luengas_chermanicas" title="Luengas chermanicas – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Luengas chermanicas" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanisca_spr%C7%A3ca" title="Germanisca sprǣca – Inggris Kuno" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Germanisca sprǣca" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Inggris Kuno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="لغات جرمانية – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لغات جرمانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%AA_%DA%86%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%87" title="لغات چيرمانيه – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لغات چيرمانيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lling%C3%BCes_xerm%C3%A1niques" title="Llingües xermániques – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Llingües xermániques" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_dill%C9%99ri" title="German dilləri – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="German dilləri" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="ژرمن دیللری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ژرمن دیللری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanische_Sprochn" title="Germanische Sprochn – Bavaria" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Germanische Sprochn" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Германскія мовы – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Германскія мовы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Германскія мовы – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Германскія мовы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rungkun_basa_J%C3%A8rmanik" title="Rungkun basa Jèrmanik – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Rungkun basa Jèrmanik" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Германски езици – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Германски езици" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B9" title="জার্মানীয় ভাষাসমূহ – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জার্মানীয় ভাষাসমূহ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yezho%C3%B9_germanek" title="Yezhoù germanek – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Yezhoù germanek" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanski_jezici" title="Germanski jezici – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Germanski jezici" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_germ%C3%A0niques" title="Llengües germàniques – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llengües germàniques" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%95_%D8%AC%DB%8E%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%95%D9%86%DB%8C%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="زمانە جێرمەنییەکان – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زمانە جێرمەنییەکان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germ%C3%A1nsk%C3%A9_jazyky" title="Germánské jazyky – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Germánské jazyky" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ieithoedd_Germanaidd" title="Ieithoedd Germanaidd – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ieithoedd Germanaidd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanske_sprog" title="Germanske sprog – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Germanske sprog" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanische_Sprachen" title="Germanische Sprachen – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Germanische Sprachen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C4%B1wan%C3%AA_Cermenki" title="Zıwanê Cermenki – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Zıwanê Cermenki" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germaniske_r%C4%9Bcy" title="Germaniske rěcy – Sorbia Hilir" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Germaniske rěcy" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Sorbia Hilir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B5%CF%82" title="Γερμανικές γλώσσες – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γερμανικές γλώσσες" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanic_languages" title="Germanic languages – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Germanic languages" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%9Cermana_lingvaro" title="Ĝermana lingvaro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĝermana lingvaro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguas_germ%C3%A1nicas" title="Lenguas germánicas – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lenguas germánicas" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germaani_keeled" title="Germaani keeled – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Germaani keeled" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germaniar_hizkuntzak" title="Germaniar hizkuntzak – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Germaniar hizkuntzak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DA%98%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86%DB%8C" title="زبان‌های ژرمنی – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان‌های ژرمنی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germaaniset_kielet" title="Germaaniset kielet – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Germaaniset kielet" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germaani_keeleq" title="Germaani keeleq – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Germaani keeleq" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germansk_m%C3%A1l" title="Germansk mál – Faroe" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Germansk mál" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langues_germaniques" title="Langues germaniques – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Langues germaniques" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengoues_g%C3%A8rmaniques" title="Lengoues gèrmaniques – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Lengoues gèrmaniques" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germaans_spriaken" title="Germaans spriaken – Frisia Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Germaans spriaken" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenghis_gjermanichis" title="Lenghis gjermanichis – Friuli" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Lenghis gjermanichis" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friuli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germaanske_talen" title="Germaanske talen – Frisia Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Germaanske talen" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teangacha_Gearm%C3%A1inice" title="Teangacha Gearmáinice – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Teangacha Gearmáinice" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E8%80%B3%E6%9B%BC%E8%AA%9E%E6%97%8F" title="日耳曼語族 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="日耳曼語族" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A0nain_Ghearmaineach" title="Cànain Ghearmaineach – Gaelik Skotlandia" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Cànain Ghearmaineach" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gaelik Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguas_xerm%C3%A1nicas" title="Linguas xermánicas – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Linguas xermánicas" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جرمني زوانان – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="جرمني زوانان" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87hengaghyn_Germaanagh" title="Çhengaghyn Germaanagh – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Çhengaghyn Germaanagh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Ng%C3%AE-chhu%CC%8Dk" title="German Ngî-chhu̍k – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="German Ngî-chhu̍k" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA" title="שפות גרמאניות – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שפות גרמאניות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="जर्मैनी भाषा परिवार – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जर्मैनी भाषा परिवार" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanic_bhasa" title="Germanic bhasa – Hindi Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Germanic bhasa" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Hindi Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanski_jezici" title="Germanski jezici – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Germanski jezici" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanske_r%C4%9B%C4%8De" title="Germanske rěče – Sorbia Hulu" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Germanske rěče" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Sorbia Hulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germ%C3%A1n_nyelvek" title="Germán nyelvek – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Germán nyelvek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%A6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Գերմանական լեզուներ – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գերմանական լեզուներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguas_germanic" title="Linguas germanic – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Linguas germanic" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanala_lingui" title="Germanala lingui – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Germanala lingui" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germ%C3%B6nsk_tungum%C3%A1l" title="Germönsk tungumál – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Germönsk tungumál" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingue_germaniche" title="Lingue germaniche – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingue germaniche" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B2%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3%E8%AA%9E%E6%B4%BE" title="ゲルマン語派 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ゲルマン語派" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joermanik_languij" title="Joermanik languij – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Joermanik languij" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="გერმანიკული ენები – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გერმანიკული ენები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96" title="Герман тілдері – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Герман тілдері" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AD%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%81" title="ಜರ್ಮನಿಕ್ ಭಾಷೆಗಳು – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜರ್ಮನಿಕ್ ಭಾಷೆಗಳು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B2%8C%EB%A5%B4%EB%A7%8C%EC%96%B4%ED%8C%8C" title="게르만어파 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="게르만어파" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jermanische_Sprooch" title="Jermanische Sprooch – Dialek Kolsch" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Jermanische Sprooch" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Dialek Kolsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziman%C3%AAn_german%C3%AE" title="Zimanên germanî – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zimanên germanî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yethow_germanek" title="Yethow germanek – Kornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Yethow germanek" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Герман тилдери – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Герман тилдери" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguae_Germanicae" title="Linguae Germanicae – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Linguae Germanicae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanesch_Sproochen" title="Germanesch Sproochen – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Germanesch Sproochen" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguas_germanica" title="Linguas germanica – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Linguas germanica" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germaanse_taole" title="Germaanse taole – Limburgia" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Germaanse taole" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rujenedes_germaniches" title="Rujenedes germaniches – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Rujenedes germaniches" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguv_germanich" title="Lenguv germanich – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Lenguv germanich" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/German%C5%B3_kalbos" title="Germanų kalbos – Lituavi" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Germanų kalbos" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituavi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanu_vol%C5%ABdys" title="Germanu volūdys – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Germanu volūdys" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%A2erm%C4%81%C5%86u_valodas" title="Ģermāņu valodas – Latvi" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ģermāņu valodas" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampam-piteny_jermanika" title="Sampam-piteny jermanika – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Sampam-piteny jermanika" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Take_Tiamani" title="Take Tiamani – Maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Take Tiamani" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Германски јазици – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Германски јазици" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B9" title="जर्मेनिक भाषासमूह – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="जर्मेनिक भाषासमूह" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa-bahasa_Jerman" title="Bahasa-bahasa Jerman – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa-bahasa Jerman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingwi_%C4%A0ermani%C4%8Bi" title="Lingwi Ġermaniċi – Malta" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Lingwi Ġermaniċi" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Malta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lh%C3%A9nguas_germ%C3%A1nicas" title="Lhénguas germánicas – Miranda" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Lhénguas germánicas" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Miranda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86" title="ژرمنی زوونون – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ژرمنی زوونون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germaansche_Spraken" title="Germaansche Spraken – Jerman Rendah" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Germaansche Spraken" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germaanse_taelen" title="Germaanse taelen – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Germaanse taelen" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germaanse_talen" title="Germaanse talen – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Germaanse talen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanske_spr%C3%A5k" title="Germanske språk – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Germanske språk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanske_spr%C3%A5k" title="Germanske språk – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Germanske språk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germani_lingues" title="Germani lingues – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Germani lingues" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langue_g%C3%A8rmannique" title="Langue gèrmannique – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Langue gèrmannique" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengas_germanicas" title="Lengas germanicas – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Lengas germanicas" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3_%C3%A6%D0%B2%D0%B7%C3%A6%D0%B3%D1%82%C3%A6" title="Гермайнаг æвзæгтæ – Ossetia" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Гермайнаг æвзæгтæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenganan_germ%C3%A1niko" title="Lenganan germániko – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Lenganan germániko" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingues_germannikes" title="Lingues germannikes – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Lingues germannikes" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deitsche_Schprooche" title="Deitsche Schprooche – Jerman Pennsylvania" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Deitsche Schprooche" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Pennsylvania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyki_germa%C5%84skie" title="Języki germańskie – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Języki germańskie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenghe_germ%C3%A0niche" title="Lenghe germàniche – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenghe germàniche" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA" title="جرمینی بولیاں – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جرمینی بولیاں" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADnguas_germ%C3%A2nicas" title="Línguas germânicas – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Línguas germânicas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qirmanu_simikuna" title="Qirmanu simikuna – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Qirmanu simikuna" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limbi_germanice" title="Limbi germanice – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limbi germanice" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Германские языки – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Германские языки" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%90%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%8B_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%8B" title="Ґерманьскы языкы – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Ґерманьскы языкы" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A0_%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9A" title="ᱡᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱡᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limbas_germ%C3%A0nicas" title="Limbas germànicas – Sardinia" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Limbas germànicas" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingui_girm%C3%A0nichi" title="Lingui girmànichi – Sisilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Lingui girmànichi" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanic_leids" title="Germanic leids – Skotlandia" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Germanic leids" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germ%C3%A1nala%C5%A1_gielat" title="Germánalaš gielat – Sami Utara" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Germánalaš gielat" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Sami Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanski_jezici" title="Germanski jezici – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Germanski jezici" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanic_languages" title="Germanic languages – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Germanic languages" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germ%C3%A1nske_jazyky" title="Germánske jazyky – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Germánske jazyky" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86%DB%8C%DB%81_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%BA" title="جرمنیہ زباناں – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="جرمنیہ زباناں" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanski_jeziki" title="Germanski jeziki – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Germanski jeziki" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germaanl%C3%A2%C5%A1_kielah" title="Germaanlâš kielah – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Germaanlâš kielah" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuh%C3%ABt_gjermanike" title="Gjuhët gjermanike – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuhët gjermanike" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Германски језици – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Германски језици" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germaniske_Sproaken" title="Germaniske Sproaken – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Germaniske Sproaken" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Germanska språk – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Germanska språk" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kijerumaniki" title="Kijerumaniki – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kijerumaniki" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="செருமானிய மொழிகள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="செருமானிய மொழிகள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D3%A3" title="Забонҳои олмонӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Забонҳои олмонӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="กลุ่มภาษาเจอร์แมนิก – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กลุ่มภาษาเจอร์แมนิก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almani_zyvonon" title="Almani zyvonon – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Almani zyvonon" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ol_tok_Siamanik" title="Ol tok Siamanik – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Ol tok Siamanik" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cermen_dilleri" title="Cermen dilleri – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Cermen dilleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Германські мови – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Германські мови" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%BA" title="جرمن زبانیں – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جرمن زبانیں" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_tillari" title="German tillari – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="German tillari" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%E1%BB%AF_t%E1%BB%99c_German" title="Ngữ tộc German – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ngữ tộc German" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germaansche_toaln" title="Germaansche toaln – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Germaansche toaln" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E8%80%B3%E6%9B%BC%E8%AF%AD%E6%97%8F" title="日耳曼语族 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="日耳曼语族" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80w%E1%BB%8Dn_%C3%A8d%C3%A8_on%C3%ADj%E1%BA%B9%CC%81m%C3%A1n%C3%AC" title="Àwọn èdè oníjẹ́mánì – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Àwọn èdè oníjẹ́mánì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germaonse_taelen" title="Germaonse taelen – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Germaonse taelen" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E8%80%B3%E6%9B%BC%E8%AF%AD%E6%97%8F" title="日耳曼语族 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="日耳曼语族" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_g%C3%AD-cho%CC%8Dk" title="German gí-cho̍k – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="German gí-cho̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E8%80%B3%E6%9B%BC%E8%AA%9E%E6%97%8F" title="日耳曼語族 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="日耳曼語族" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q21200#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik&action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik&action=history"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa" title="Daftar semua halaman istimewa [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Halaman istimewa</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik&oldid=25990754" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik&id=25990754&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini"><span>Kutip halaman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FRumpun_bahasa_Jermanik"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FRumpun_bahasa_Jermanik"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Rumpun+bahasa+Jermanik"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik&action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Germanic_languages" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q21200" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir di Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18844875">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel ini bukan mengenai <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jerman" title="Bahasa Jerman">bahasa Jerman</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r22657712">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output 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transparent black}.mw-parser-output .s2-tooltip:hover .s2-tooltiptext{visibility:visible}.mw-parser-output .i-tooltip{position:relative;display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .i-tooltip .i-tooltiptext{visibility:hidden;width:340px;background-color:black;color:#fff;text-align:center;border-radius:6px;padding:5px 0;position:absolute;z-index:1;top:22px;right:-90%;z-index:1000}.mw-parser-output .i-tooltip:hover .i-tooltiptext{visibility:visible}.mw-parser-output .bg-wp{background:radial-gradient(closest-side,lightgray,transparent)}.mw-parser-output .nilai{display:inline;margin:0;padding:0;border:0}.mw-parser-output .nilai:before{content:"—";animation-name:animate;animation-duration:2s;animation-delay:1s;animation-iteration-count:infinite}@keyframes nilai{0%{content:"Memuat"}5%{content:"Mengambil data penilaian dari halaman pembicaraan"}80%{content:"Memuat"}87%{content:"Mengubah susunan templat WP Banner"}89%{content:"Menyiapkan"}98%{content:"Selesai"}100%{content:""}}</style><table class="infobox" style="box-shadow: rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3) 0px 1px 2px 0px, rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15) 0px 2px 6px 2px;border-radius: 2px;; text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above above bahasa" style="margin:0.2em;font-size:130%; color: black; background-color: #c9ffd9;">Jermanik</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.1em;line-height:1.3em; padding-right:0.5em;">Wilayah</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.05em">Utamanya di Eropa utara, barat, dan tengah, <a href="/wiki/Benua_Amerika" class="mw-redirect" title="Benua Amerika">Benua Amerika</a> (<a href="/wiki/Anglo-Amerika" title="Anglo-Amerika">Anglo-Amerika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belanda_Karibia" title="Belanda Karibia">Belanda Karibia</a>, & <a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a>), <a href="/wiki/Afrika_bagian_selatan" title="Afrika bagian selatan">Afrika bagian selatan</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Oseania" title="Oseania">Oseania</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.1em;line-height:1.3em; padding-right:0.5em;"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Penutur</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.05em"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.05em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"><table class="infobox mw-collapsible" style="border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal; padding-right:0.5em;"><span style="white-space: normal;"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><b><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa" title="Rumpun bahasa">Rumpun bahasa</a></b></div></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.35em;"><div style="text-align:left;margin-left:0.5em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r14051308">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"><ul style="line-height:100%;padding-left:0;"><li>Indo-European <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:0.5em;padding-left:0"><li> <b>Jermanik</b><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jermanik_Utara" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Jermanik Utara">Jermanik Utara</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik_Barat" title="Rumpun bahasa Jermanik Barat">Jermanik Barat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jermanik_Timur" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Jermanik Timur">Jermanik Timur</a> <small>(punah)</small></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"><table class="infobox mw-collapsible" style="border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal; padding-right:0.5em;"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><b>Bentuk awal</b></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.35em;"><div style="text-align:left;margin-left:1.2em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r14051308"><div class="treeview"><ul style="line-height:100%;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Proto-Jermanik" title="Bahasa Proto-Jermanik">Proto-Jermanik</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_purba" title="Bahasa purba">Bahasa induk</a>)</span> <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0"><li><b>Jermanik</b></li></ul> </li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="margin:0.2em;opacity:80%;color: black; background-color: #c9ffd9;line-height:1.3;padding:0.2em;">Kode bahasa</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.1em;line-height:1.3em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-2" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO 639-2">ISO 639-2</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.05em"><code style="padding-bottom:0.1em;padding-top:0.1em">[[ISO639-3:|]]</code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.1em;line-height:1.3em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.05em">–</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.1em;line-height:1.3em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-5" title="ISO 639-5">ISO 639-5</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.05em"><code><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/gem" class="extiw" title="iso639-3:gem">gem</a></code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.1em;line-height:1.3em; padding-right:0.5em;"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">LINGUIST List</div> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://linguistlist.org/multitree/" title="LINGUIST list sudah tidak beroperasi lagi" rel="nofollow"><img alt="LINGUIST list sudah tidak beroperasi lagi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/OOjs_UI_icon_clear-destructive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_clear-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/OOjs_UI_icon_clear-destructive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_clear-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/OOjs_UI_icon_clear-destructive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_clear-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.05em"><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://multitree.org/codes/germ">germ</a></code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.1em;line-height:1.3em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Glottolog" title="Glottolog">Glottolog</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.05em"><code style="padding-bottom:0.1em;padding-top:0.1em"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/germ1287">germ1287</a></code><sup id="cite_ref-Glottolog_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glottolog-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.1em;line-height:1.3em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Penanda_bahasa_IETF" class="mw-redirect" title="Penanda bahasa IETF">IETF</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.05em"><code style="padding-bottom:0.1em;padding-top:0.1em">gem</code></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.05em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="opacity:80%;color: black; background-color: #c9ffd9;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Lokasi penuturan</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.35em; padding-right:0em; padding-left:0em"><div class="bg-wp"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Germanic_languages.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="world map showing countries where a Germanic language is the primary or official language" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Germanic_languages.svg/320px-Germanic_languages.svg.png" decoding="async" width="320" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Germanic_languages.svg/480px-Germanic_languages.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Germanic_languages.svg/640px-Germanic_languages.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1035" data-file-height="531" /></a></span></div><div style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.2em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r19202607">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#800000; color:white;"> </span> Negara-negara dengan mayoritas penduduknya menggunakan bahasa Jermanik sebagai <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_ibu" title="Bahasa ibu">bahasa ibu</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r19202607"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ff0000; color:black;"> </span> Negara-negara yang menetapkan bahasa Jermanik sebagai salah satu bahasa resmi, tapi bukan yang utama</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r19202607"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#f6c0f1; color:black;"> </span> Negara-negara yang tidak menetapkan bahasa Jermanik sebagai salah satu bahasa resmi tapi digunakan oleh minoritas atau di tempat-tempat tertentu</div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.35em; padding-right:0em; padding-left:0em"><div style="font-size:80%"><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_artikel_bahasa_dengan_peta" title="Kategori:Halaman artikel bahasa dengan peta">Peta bahasa lain</a></div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="padding-top:0px;height:20px;font-weight:normal;font-size:90%;text-align:center;color:black; background-color: #c9ffd9;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Globe_of_letters.svg/20px-Globe_of_letters.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Globe_of_letters.svg/30px-Globe_of_letters.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Globe_of_letters.svg/40px-Globe_of_letters.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Bahasa" title="Portal:Bahasa"><span style="color: black;"><b>Portal Bahasa</b></span></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint selfref" style="font-weight:normal;font-size:80%;text-align:left;height:20px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;padding-bottom:0.1em"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Kotak_info_bahasa" title="Templat:Kotak info bahasa">L</a> • <a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Kotak_info_bahasa" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Kotak info bahasa">B</a> • <a href="/wiki/PW:BAHASA" class="mw-redirect" title="PW:BAHASA">PW</a>   <div style="float:right;right:0em; text-align:right:display:inline"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik&action=edit&section=top&editintro=Templat:Kotak_info_bahasa/Pemberitahuan/editintro2"><img alt="Sunting kotak info" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span>  <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21200" title="Lihat butir Wikidata"><img alt="Lihat butir Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/OOjs_UI_icon_tag-rtl-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_tag-rtl-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/OOjs_UI_icon_tag-rtl-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_tag-rtl-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/OOjs_UI_icon_tag-rtl-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_tag-rtl-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span>  <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Kotak_info_bahasa/doc" title="Bantuan penggunaan templat ini"><img alt="Info templat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/10px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/15px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/20px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table><div class="metadata i-tooltip" style="position:absolute;z-index:100;top:-85px;right:0.5em; line-height:normal;border-radius:7px;color:white"><div style="opacity:60%"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Tentang artikel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/OOjs_UI_icon_add.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_add.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/OOjs_UI_icon_add.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_add.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/OOjs_UI_icon_add.svg/40px-OOjs_UI_icon_add.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div><span class="i-tooltiptext" style="padding:0.2em;-moz-box-shadow: 2px 2px 4px gray; -webkit-box-shadow: 2px 2px 4px gray; box-shadow: 2px 2px 4px gray;"><div class="autoconfirmed-show"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"><table class="infobox" style="background:transparent;border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none;color:white"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:transparent;text-align:center;">Pemberitahuan</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="font-size:80%;text-align:left">Templat ini mendeteksi bahwa artikel bahasa ini masih <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:ProyekWiki_Bahasa/Penilaian" title="Wikipedia:ProyekWiki Bahasa/Penilaian"><span style="color:lavender">belum dinilai</span></a></b> kualitasnya oleh <a href="/wiki/PW:Bahasa" class="mw-redirect" title="PW:Bahasa"><span style="color:lavender">ProyekWiki Bahasa</span></a> dan <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:ProyekWiki" title="Wikipedia:ProyekWiki"><span style="color:lavender">ProyekWiki</span></a> terkait dengan subjek.</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="font-size:80%;text-align:left"><div class="mw-inputbox-centered" style="background-color: ; color: inherit;"><form name="createbox" class="createbox mw-inputbox-form-inline" action="/w/index.php" method="get"><input type="hidden" value="edit" name="action" /><input type="hidden" value="Templat:Kotak info bahasa/Pemberitahuan/preload" name="preload" /><input type="hidden" value="Templat:Kotak info bahasa/Pemberitahuan/editintro" name="editintro" /><input type="hidden" value="Pembicaraan:Rumpun bahasa Jermanik" name="prefix" /><div class="cdx-text-input"><input type="hidden" name="title" class="mw-inputbox-createbox cdx-text-input__input" placeholder="" size="12" dir="ltr" /></div> <input type="submit" name="create" value="Berikan penilaian" class="cdx-button cdx-button--action-progressive cdx-button--weight-primary" /></form></div><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="color:red"><b>Perhatian:</b> untuk penilai, halaman pembicaraan artikel ini telah diisi sehingga penilaian akan berkonflik dengan isi sebelumnya. Harap salin kode dibawah ini sebelum menilai. <p><code>{{<a href="/wiki/Templat:PW_Bahasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:PW Bahasa">PW Bahasa</a>|importance=|class=}}</code> </p> </span></span><hr /><span style="font-size:85%;"> <p>Terjadi <i>[[<span style="color:lavender">false positive</span>]]</i>? Silakan <a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Wikipedia:ProyekWiki_Bahasa" title="Pembicaraan Wikipedia:ProyekWiki Bahasa"><span style="color:lavender">laporkan kesalahan ini</span></a>. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="font-weight:normal;text-align:right;font-size:80%; background: transparent"><span class="nowrap">04.32, Senin, 25 November, 2024 (<a href="/wiki/Waktu_Universal_Terkoordinasi" title="Waktu Universal Terkoordinasi">UTC</a>)</span> • <div class="plainlinks" style="font-weight:bold;"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik&action=purge">hapus singgahan</a></div> Sebanyak <b><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_bahasa_yang_membutuhkan_penilaian" title="Kategori:Artikel bahasa yang membutuhkan penilaian">1.557</a></b> artikel belum dinilai</th></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> Artikel ini <b>belum dinilai</b> oleh <a href="/wiki/PW:BAHASA" class="mw-redirect" title="PW:BAHASA">ProyekWiki Bahasa</a></span></div> <div class="metadata s-tooltip" style="position:absolute;z-index:100;top:-85px;right:3.5em; line-height:normal;border-radius:7px;"><div style="opacity:60%"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Cari artikel bahasa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/OOjs_UI_icon_search-ltr.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_search-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/OOjs_UI_icon_search-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_search-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/OOjs_UI_icon_search-ltr.svg/40px-OOjs_UI_icon_search-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div><span class="s-tooltiptext" style="-moz-box-shadow: 2px 2px 4px gray; -webkit-box-shadow: 2px 2px 4px gray; box-shadow: 2px 2px 4px gray;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Cari artikel bahasa<div class="mw-inputbox-centered" style=""><form name="searchbox" class="searchbox mw-inputbox-form-inline" action="/wiki/Istimewa:Pencarian"><div class="cdx-text-input"><input class="mw-searchInput searchboxInput cdx-text-input__input" name="search" value="Bahasa" placeholder="" size="25" dir="ltr" /></div> <input type="submit" name="go" value="Tuju" class="cdx-button" /> <input type="submit" name="fulltext" value="Cari" class="cdx-button" /></form></div>Cari berdasarkan kode ISO 639 (Uji coba)<div class="mw-inputbox-centered" style=""><form name="searchbox" class="searchbox mw-inputbox-form-inline" action="/wiki/Istimewa:Pencarian"><div class="cdx-text-input"><input class="mw-searchInput searchboxInput cdx-text-input__input" name="search" value="ISO 639:" placeholder="" size="8" dir="ltr" /></div> <input type="submit" name="go" value="Tuju" class="cdx-button" /> <input type="submit" name="fulltext" value="Cari" class="cdx-button" /></form></div><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Kolom pencarian ini hanya didukung oleh beberapa antarmuka</span></span> </span></span></span></div><div class="metadata r-tooltip" style=";position:absolute;z-index:100;top:-85px;right:2em; line-height:normal;border-radius:7px;"><div style="opacity:60%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sembarang_di_kategori/Artikel_bahasa_dengan_kotak_info_bahasa" title="Istimewa:Sembarang di kategori/Artikel bahasa dengan kotak info bahasa"><img alt="Artikel bahasa sembarang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/OOjs_UI_icon_die.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_die.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/OOjs_UI_icon_die.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_die.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/OOjs_UI_icon_die.svg/40px-OOjs_UI_icon_die.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div><span class="r-tooltiptext" style="-moz-box-shadow: 2px 2px 4px gray; -webkit-box-shadow: 2px 2px 4px gray; box-shadow: 2px 2px 4px gray;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Halaman bahasa acak</span></span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r26333518">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Artikel ini adalah bagian dari seri:</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="padding-top:0.2em;background:rgb(220,245,220);"><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Indo-Eropa" title="Kategori:Indo-Eropa">Topik Indo-Eropa</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Indo-European_migrations.gif" title="Berkas:Indo-European migrations.gif"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Indo-European_migrations.gif/140px-Indo-European_migrations.gif" decoding="async" width="140" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Indo-European_migrations.gif/210px-Indo-European_migrations.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Indo-European_migrations.gif/280px-Indo-European_migrations.gif 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="598" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:rgb(220,245,220);padding-left:0.4em;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Indo-Eropa" title="Rumpun bahasa Indo-Eropa">Bahasa</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><hr /> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_bahasa_rumpun_Indo-Eropa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar bahasa rumpun Indo-Eropa (halaman belum tersedia)">Bahasa-bahasa rumpun Indo-Eropa</a></li></ul> <hr /> <dl><dt><i>Sintas</i></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Albania" title="Bahasa Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Armenia" title="Bahasa Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Balto-Slavik" class="mw-redirect" title="Rumpun bahasa Balto-Slavik">Balti-Slavi</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Baltik" title="Rumpun bahasa Baltik">Balti</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Slavik" class="mw-redirect" title="Rumpun bahasa Slavik">Slavi</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Keltik" title="Rumpun bahasa Keltik">Kelti</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jermani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Hellenik" class="mw-redirect" title="Rumpun bahasa Hellenik">Heleni</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Yunani" title="Bahasa Yunani">Yunani</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Indo-Iran" title="Rumpun bahasa Indo-Iran">India-Iran</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Indo-Arya" title="Rumpun bahasa Indo-Arya">India-Arya</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Iran" title="Rumpun bahasa Iran">Irani</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Italik" title="Rumpun bahasa Italik">Itali</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Roman" title="Rumpun bahasa Roman">Romawi</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><i>Punah</i></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Anatolia" title="Rumpun bahasa Anatolia">Anatolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Tokharia" title="Bahasa Tokharia">Tokharia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Paleo-Balkan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rumpun bahasa Paleo-Balkan (halaman belum tersedia)">Paleo-Balkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Dacia" title="Bahasa Dacia">Dacia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Iliria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rumpun bahasa Iliria (halaman belum tersedia)">Iliria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Liburnia" title="Bahasa Liburnia">Liburnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Mesapia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Mesapia">Mesapia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Misia" title="Bahasa Misia">Misia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Paeonia" title="Bahasa Paeonia">Payonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Frigia" title="Bahasa Frigia">Frigia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Trakia" title="Bahasa Trakia">Trakia</a></li></ul> <hr /> <dl><dt><i>Reka Ulang</i></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Proto-Indo-Eropa" title="Bahasa Proto-Indo-Eropa">bahasa Proto-Indo-Eropa</a><br /> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fonologi_bahasa_Proto-Indo-Eropa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fonologi bahasa Proto-Indo-Eropa (halaman belum tersedia)">Fonologi</a>: <a href="/wiki/Hukum_bunyi_bahasa_Indo-Eropa" title="Hukum bunyi bahasa Indo-Eropa">hukum bunyi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksen_Proto-Indo-Eropa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksen Proto-Indo-Eropa (halaman belum tersedia)">Aksen</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ablaut_bahasa_Indo-European&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ablaut bahasa Indo-European (halaman belum tersedia)">Ablaut</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <dl><dt><i>Hipotetis</i></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dako-Trakian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dako-Trakian (halaman belum tersedia)">Dako-Trakian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greko-Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Greko-Armenia">Greko-Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Greko-Arya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Greko-Arya (halaman belum tersedia)">Greko-Arya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greko-Frigia" title="Greko-Frigia">Greko-Frigia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indo-Het&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indo-Het (halaman belum tersedia)">Indo-Het</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Italo-Keltik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Italo-Keltik (halaman belum tersedia)">Italo-Keltik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trako-Iliria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trako-Iliria (halaman belum tersedia)">Trako-Iliria</a></li></ul> <hr /> <dl><dt><i>Tata bahasa</i></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosakata_bahasa_Indo-Eropa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosakata bahasa Indo-Eropa (halaman belum tersedia)">Kosakata</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akar_kata_Proto-Indo-Eropa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akar kata Proto-Indo-Eropa (halaman belum tersedia)">Akar kata</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verba_Proto-Indo-Eropa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Verba Proto-Indo-Eropa (halaman belum tersedia)">Kata kerja</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomina_Proto-Indo-Eropa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nomina Proto-Indo-Eropa (halaman belum tersedia)">Kata benda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pronomina_Proto-Indo-Eropa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pronomina Proto-Indo-Eropa (halaman belum tersedia)">Kata ganti</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Numeralia_Proto-Indo-Eropa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Numeralia Proto-Indo-Eropa (halaman belum tersedia)">Kata bilangan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Partikel_Proto-Indo-Eropa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Partikel Proto-Indo-Eropa (halaman belum tersedia)">Partikel</a></li></ul> <hr /> <dl><dt><i>Lain-lain</i></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proto-Anatolia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proto-Anatolia (halaman belum tersedia)">Proto-Anatolia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proto-Armenia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proto-Armenia (halaman belum tersedia)">Proto-Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Jermanik" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Jermanik">Proto-Jermanik</a> (<a href="/wiki/Proto-Nordik" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Nordik">Proto-Nordik</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proto-Keltik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proto-Keltik (halaman belum tersedia)">Proto-Keltik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proto-Italik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proto-Italik (halaman belum tersedia)">Proto-Italik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Yunani" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Yunani">Proto-Yunani</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Proto-Balto-Slavik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Proto-Balto-Slavik (halaman belum tersedia)">Proto-Balto-Slavik</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Proto-Slavik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proto-Slavik (halaman belum tersedia)">Proto-Slavik</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Proto-Indo-Iran" title="Bahasa Proto-Indo-Iran">Proto-Indo-Iran</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Proto-Iran" title="Bahasa Proto-Iran">Proto-Iran</a>)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:rgb(220,245,220);padding-left:0.4em;text-align:left;">Filologi</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pustaka_bangsa_Het" title="Pustaka bangsa Het">Pustaka bangsa Het</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Luwian_Hieroglif&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Luwian Hieroglif (halaman belum tersedia)">bahasa Luwian Hieroglif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linear_B" title="Linear B">Linear B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regweda" title="Regweda">Regweda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Avesta" title="Bahasa Avesta">Avesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer" class="mw-disambig" title="Homer">Homer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inskripsi_Behistun" class="mw-redirect" title="Inskripsi Behistun">Behistun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Galia" title="Bahasa Galia">Prasasti Galia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Latin_Kuno" title="Bahasa Latin Kuno">Prasasti Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prasasti_Runa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prasasti Runa (halaman belum tersedia)">Prasasti Runa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ogam (halaman belum tersedia)">Ogam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alkitab_Gotik" class="mw-redirect" title="Alkitab Gotik">Alkitab Gotik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkitab_Armenia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alkitab Armenia (halaman belum tersedia)">Alkitab Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Tokaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Aksara Tokaria">Aksara Tokaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Irlandia_Kuno#Sumber" title="Bahasa Irlandia Kuno">sumber tertulis Irlandia Kuno</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:rgb(220,245,220);padding-left:0.4em;text-align:left;">Asal usul</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tanah_air_Proto-Indo-Eropa" title="Tanah air Proto-Indo-Eropa">Tanah air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-Eropa" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Indo-Eropa">Bangsa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masyarakat_Proto-Indo-Eropa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Masyarakat Proto-Indo-Eropa (halaman belum tersedia)">Masyarakat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agama_Proto-Indo-Eropa" title="Agama Proto-Indo-Eropa">Agama</a></li></ul> <hr /> <dl><dt>Arus utama<br /></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hipotesis_Kurgan" title="Hipotesis Kurgan">Hipotesis Kurgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migrasi_Indo-Eropa" title="Migrasi Indo-Eropa">Migrasi Indo-Eropa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suku_bangsa_nomaden_Eurasia" class="mw-redirect" title="Suku bangsa nomaden Eurasia">Suku bangsa nomaden Eurasia</a></li></ul> <hr /> <dl><dt>Alternatif dan yang masih diragukan<br /></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hipotesis_Anatolia" title="Hipotesis Anatolia">Hipotesis Anatolia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hipotesis_Armenia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hipotesis Armenia (halaman belum tersedia)">Hipotesis Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teori_Keluar_dari_India" title="Teori Keluar dari India">Teori Keluar dari India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanah_air_Proto-Indo-Eropa#Tanah_air_Baltik" title="Tanah air Proto-Indo-Eropa">Tanah air Baltik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teori_kontinuitas_Paleolitik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teori kontinuitas Paleolitik (halaman belum tersedia)">Teori kontinuitas Paleolitik</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:rgb(220,245,220);padding-left:0.4em;text-align:left;">Arkeologi</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Zaman_tembaga" class="mw-redirect" title="Zaman tembaga">Zaman tembaga</a><br /></dt></dl> <p><i>Stepa Pontus</i><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Domestikasi_kuda" title="Domestikasi kuda">Domestikasi kuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurgan" title="Kurgan">Kurgan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Kurgan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Kurgan (halaman belum tersedia)">Budaya Kurgan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Horse,_the_Wheel_and_Language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Horse, the Wheel and Language (halaman belum tersedia)">Budaya stepa</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Bug%E2%80%93Dniester&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Bug–Dniester (halaman belum tersedia)">Bug–Dniester</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Sredny_Stog&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Sredny Stog (halaman belum tersedia)">Sredny Stog</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Dnieper%E2%80%93Donets&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Dnieper–Donets (halaman belum tersedia)">Dnieper–Donets</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Samara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Samara (halaman belum tersedia)">Samara</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Khvalynsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Khvalynsk (halaman belum tersedia)">Khvalynsk</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Yamnaya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Yamnaya (halaman belum tersedia)">Yamnaya</a></span> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Mikhaylovka_culture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Mikhaylovka culture (halaman belum tersedia)">Mikhaylovka</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Novotitorovka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Novotitorovka (halaman belum tersedia)">Novotitorovka</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <p><i>Kaukasus</i><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Maykop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Maykop (halaman belum tersedia)">Maykop</a></li></ul> <p><i>Asia Timur</i><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Afanasievo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Afanasievo (halaman belum tersedia)">Afanasievo</a></li></ul> <p><i>Eropa Timur</i><br /> </p> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Usatovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Usatovo (halaman belum tersedia)">Usatovo</a></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Cernavod%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Cernavodă (halaman belum tersedia)">Cernavodă</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Cucuteni%E2%80%93Trypillia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Cucuteni–Trypillia (halaman belum tersedia)">Cucuteni</a></li></ul> <p><i>Eropa Utara</i><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Corded_Ware_culture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Corded Ware culture (halaman belum tersedia)">Corded Ware</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Baden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Baden (halaman belum tersedia)">Baden</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Dnieper_tengah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Dnieper tengah (halaman belum tersedia)">Dnieper tengah</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Zaman_perunggu" class="mw-redirect" title="Zaman perunggu">Zaman perunggu</a><br /></dt></dl> <p><i>Stepa Pontus</i><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kereta_perang" title="Kereta perang">Kereta perang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Yamnaya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Yamnaya (halaman belum tersedia)">Yamnaya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Katakombe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Katakombe (halaman belum tersedia)">Katakombe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Multi-cordoned_Ware&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Multi-cordoned Ware (halaman belum tersedia)">Multi-cordoned Ware</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Poltavka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Poltavka (halaman belum tersedia)">Poltavka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Srubna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Srubna (halaman belum tersedia)">Srubna</a></li></ul> <p><i>Stepa Utara/Timur</i><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Abashevo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Abashevo (halaman belum tersedia)">Abashevo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Andronovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Andronovo (halaman belum tersedia)">Andronovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Sintashta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Sintashta (halaman belum tersedia)">Sintashta</a></li></ul> <p><i>Eropa</i><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Amphora_globular&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Amphora globular (halaman belum tersedia)">Amphora globular</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Corded_Ware&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Corded Ware (halaman belum tersedia)">Corded ware</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Beaker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Beaker (halaman belum tersedia)">Beaker</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Unetice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Unetice (halaman belum tersedia)">Unetice</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Trzciniec&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Trzciniec (halaman belum tersedia)">Trzciniec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaman_Perunggu_Nordik" class="mw-redirect" title="Zaman Perunggu Nordik">Zaman Perunggu Nordik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Terramare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Terramare (halaman belum tersedia)">Terramare</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Tumulus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Tumulus (halaman belum tersedia)">Tumulus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budaya_Urnfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Budaya Urnfield">Urnfield</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Lusatian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Lusatian (halaman belum tersedia)">Lusatian</a></li></ul> <p><i>Asia Selatan</i><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kawasan_Arkeologis_Baktria%E2%80%93Margiana" title="Kawasan Arkeologis Baktria–Margiana">Baktria–Margiana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Yaz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Yaz (halaman belum tersedia)">Yaz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_kubur_Gandara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya kubur Gandara (halaman belum tersedia)">Kubur Gandara</a></li></ul> <hr /> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Zaman_Besi" title="Zaman Besi">Zaman Besi</a></dt></dl> <p><i>Stepa</i><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Chernoles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Chernoles (halaman belum tersedia)">Chernoles</a></li></ul> <p><i>Eropa</i><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trako-Kimmeri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trako-Kimmeri (halaman belum tersedia)">Trako-Kimmeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budaya_Hallstatt" class="mw-redirect" title="Budaya Hallstatt">Hallstatt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Jastorf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Jastorf (halaman belum tersedia)">Jastorf</a></li></ul> <p><i>Kaukasus</i><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_Kolkhis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya Kolkhis (halaman belum tersedia)">Kolkhis</a></li></ul> <p><i>India</i> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budaya_tembikar_abu-abu_dicat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budaya tembikar abu-abu dicat (halaman belum tersedia)">Tembikar abu-abu dicat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tembikar_Hitam_Utara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tembikar Hitam Utara (halaman belum tersedia)">Tembikar Hitam Utara</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:rgb(220,245,220);padding-left:0.4em;text-align:left;">Bangsa dan Masyarakat</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Zaman_perunggu" class="mw-redirect" title="Zaman perunggu">Zaman perunggu</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orang_Anatolia_kuno" class="mw-redirect" title="Orang Anatolia kuno">Anatolia</a> (<span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Orang_Het" title="Orang Het">Orang Het</a></span>) <br /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsa_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsa Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peradaban_Mykenai" class="mw-redirect" title="Peradaban Mykenai">Mikenai</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orang_Indo-Iran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orang Indo-Iran (halaman belum tersedia)">Orang Indo-Iran</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Zaman_besi" class="mw-redirect" title="Zaman besi">Zaman besi</a></dt></dl> <p><i>Indo-Arya</i><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangsa_Indo-Arya" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsa Indo-Arya">Bangsa Indo-Arya</a></li></ul> <p><i>Iran</i><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangsa_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsa Iran">Iran</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Bangsa_Skithia" title="Bangsa Skithia">Skit</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Bangsa_Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsa Persia">Persia</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Bangsa_Medes" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsa Medes">Medes</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Parthia" class="mw-redirect" title="Parthia">Parthia</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> <p><i>Asia Timur</i><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wusun" title="Wusun">Wusun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuezhi" title="Yuezhi">Yuezhi</a></li></ul> <p><i>Eropa</i><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangsa_Kelt" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsa Kelt">Bangsa Kelt</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Orang_Galia" title="Orang Galia">Galia</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Suku_Keltiberia" title="Suku Keltiberia">Keltiberia</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keltik_luar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keltik luar (halaman belum tersedia)">Keltik luar</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsa_Kimeria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bangsa Kimeria (halaman belum tersedia)">Kimeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsa_Yunani" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsa Yunani">Yunani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suku_Italik" class="mw-redirect" title="Suku Italik">Italik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suku_bangsa_Jermanik" class="mw-redirect" title="Suku bangsa Jermanik">Jermanik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Paleo-Balkan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rumpun bahasa Paleo-Balkan (halaman belum tersedia)">Paleo-Balkan</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatolia_Zaman_Besi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anatolia Zaman Besi (halaman belum tersedia)">Anatolia</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Suku_Trakia" class="mw-redirect" title="Suku Trakia">Trakia</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Bangsa_Dacia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsa Dacia">Dacia</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Suku_Iliria" title="Suku Iliria">Iliria</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Suku_Frigia" class="mw-redirect" title="Suku Frigia">Frigia</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Zaman_Pertengahan" class="mw-redirect" title="Zaman Pertengahan">Zaman Pertengahan</a></dt></dl> <p><i>Asia Timur</i><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orang_Tokharia" title="Orang Tokharia">Tokharia</a></li></ul> <p><i>Eropa</i><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orang_Balti" class="mw-redirect" title="Orang Balti">Baltik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orang_Slavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Orang Slavia">Slavia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asal_usul_orang_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asal usul orang Albania (halaman belum tersedia)">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suku_bangsa_Norse" class="mw-redirect" title="Suku bangsa Norse">Suku bangsa Norse</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Orang_Jermanik_Utara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orang Jermanik Utara (halaman belum tersedia)">Skandinavia Pertengahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abad_Pertengahan" title="Abad Pertengahan">Abad Pertengahan</a></li></ul> <p><i>Indo-Arya</i> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/India_abad_pertengahan" title="India abad pertengahan">India abad pertengahan</a></li></ul> <p><i>Iran</i> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Persia_Raya" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia Raya">Persia Raya</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:rgb(220,245,220);padding-left:0.4em;text-align:left;">Agama dan mitologi</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <dl><dt><i>Rekonstruksi</i></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agama_Proto-Indo-Eropa" title="Agama Proto-Indo-Eropa">Agama Proto-Indo-Eropa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agama_Proto-Indo-Iran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agama Proto-Indo-Iran (halaman belum tersedia)">Agama Proto-Indo-Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agama_Iran_Kuno" class="mw-redirect" title="Agama Iran Kuno">Agama Iran Kuno</a></li></ul> <hr /> <dl><dt><i>Historis</i></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mitologi_Het" title="Mitologi Het">Het</a></li></ul> <p><i>India</i><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agama_Weda" title="Agama Weda">Weda</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindu</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Buddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddha">Buddha</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Jainisme" title="Jainisme">Jainisme</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Sikh" title="Sikh">Sikh</a></span></li></ul> <p><i>Iran</i><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mitologi_Persia" title="Mitologi Persia">Persia</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Majusi" title="Majusi">Majusi</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitologi_Kurdi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitologi Kurdi (halaman belum tersedia)">Kurdi</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Yazidi" title="Yazidi">Yazidisme</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Yarsanisme" title="Yarsanisme">Yarsanisme</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitologi_Skithia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitologi Skithia (halaman belum tersedia)">Skithia</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitologi_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitologi Ossetia (halaman belum tersedia)">Ossetia</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> <p><i>Lain-lain</i><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitologi_Armenian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitologi Armenian (halaman belum tersedia)">Armenia</a></li></ul> <p><i>Eropa</i><br /> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitologi_Paleo-Balkan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitologi Paleo-Balkan (halaman belum tersedia)">Paleo-Balkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agama_di_Yunani_Kuno" class="mw-redirect" title="Agama di Yunani Kuno">Yunani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agama_di_Romawi_Kuno" title="Agama di Romawi Kuno">Romawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politeisme_Kelt" title="Politeisme Kelt">Kelt</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitologi_Irlandia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitologi Irlandia (halaman belum tersedia)">Irlandia</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitologi_Scottish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitologi Scottish (halaman belum tersedia)">Scot</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitologi_Breton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitologi Breton (halaman belum tersedia)">Breton</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitologi_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitologi Wales (halaman belum tersedia)">Wales</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitologi_Kernowyon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitologi Kernowyon (halaman belum tersedia)">Kernowyon</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paganisme_Jermanik" title="Paganisme Jermanik">Jermanik</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Paganisme_Anglo-Saxon" class="mw-redirect" title="Paganisme Anglo-Saxon">Anglo-Saxon</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitologi_Jerman_daratan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitologi Jerman daratan (halaman belum tersedia)">Jerman daratan</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Paganisme_Nordik" title="Paganisme Nordik">Paganisme Nordik</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitologi_Baltik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitologi Baltik (halaman belum tersedia)">Baltik</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitologi_Latvia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitologi Latvia (halaman belum tersedia)">Latvia</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitologi_Lithuania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitologi Lithuania (halaman belum tersedia)">Lithuania</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitologi_Slavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitologi Slavia">Slavia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitologi_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitologi Albania (halaman belum tersedia)">Albania</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><i>Praktik peribadatan</i></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Penyembahan_api&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penyembahan api (halaman belum tersedia)">Penyembahan api</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korban_kuda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Korban kuda (halaman belum tersedia)">Korban kuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sati" class="mw-disambig" title="Sati">Sati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titik_balik_matahari_musim_dingin" title="Titik balik matahari musim dingin">Titik balik matahari musim dingin</a>/<a href="/wiki/Yule" title="Yule">Yule</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:rgb(220,245,220);padding-left:0.4em;text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kajian_Indo-Eropa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kajian Indo-Eropa (halaman belum tersedia)">Kajian Indo-Eropa</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <dl><dt><i>Sarjana</i></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marija_Gimbutas" title="Marija Gimbutas">Marija Gimbutas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._P._Mallory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J. P. Mallory (halaman belum tersedia)">J. P. Mallory</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><i>Lembaga</i></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Copenhagen_Studies_in_Indo-European&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Copenhagen Studies in Indo-European (halaman belum tersedia)">Copenhagen Studies in Indo-European</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><i>Publikasi</i></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclopedia_of_Indo-European_Culture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture (halaman belum tersedia)">Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Horse,_the_Wheel_and_Language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Horse, the Wheel and Language (halaman belum tersedia)">The Horse, the Wheel and Language</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Journal_of_Indo-European_Studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Journal of Indo-European Studies (halaman belum tersedia)">Journal of Indo-European Studies</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indogermanisches_etymologisches_W%C3%B6rterbuch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (halaman belum tersedia)">Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indo-European_Etymological_Dictionary&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indo-European Etymological Dictionary (halaman belum tersedia)">Indo-European Etymological Dictionary</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18590415">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Topik_Indo-Eropa" title="Templat:Topik Indo-Eropa"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Topik_Indo-Eropa" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Topik Indo-Eropa"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Topik_Indo-Eropa&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Rumpun bahasa Jermanik</b> adalah kelompok <a href="/wiki/Bahasa" title="Bahasa">bahasa</a> yang menjadi sub<a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Indo-Eropa" title="Rumpun bahasa Indo-Eropa">rumpun bahasa Indo-Eropa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kelompok ini penyebarannya sangat luas di seluruh dunia, terutama setelah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Era_penjelajahan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Era penjelajahan (halaman belum tersedia)">era penjelajahan</a> bangsa-bangsa Eropa pada abad ke-15 dan ke-16, dilanjutkan dengan politik <a href="/wiki/Imperialisme" title="Imperialisme">imperialisme</a> pada abad ke-19. Namun demikian, sebelum era itu pun bahasa-bahasa Jermanik telah menyebar luas di kawasan Eropa Tengah, Utara, dan Barat. </p><p>Berbagai bahasa Jermanik modern diperkirakan muncul dari satu bahasa purba bersama (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Proto-Jermanik" title="Bahasa Proto-Jermanik">bahasa Proto-Jermanik</a>). Bahasa purba ini diperkirakan dipertuturkan di daerah <a href="/wiki/Skandinavia" title="Skandinavia">Skandinavia</a> selatan, di sekitar <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> atau bagian selatan <a href="/wiki/Norwegia" title="Norwegia">Norwegia</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">Bahasa Inggris</a> adalah bahasa utama dunia yang merupakan anggota kelompok ini. Hampir seluruh penjuru dunia mengenal bahasa ini karena perannya yang utama sebagai bahasa komunikasi antarbangsa. Selain di <a href="/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya">Britania Raya</a>, bahasa Inggris (dan berbagai dialek serta bahasa kreol turunannya) dituturkan sebagai <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_ibu" title="Bahasa ibu">bahasa ibu</a> di <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guyana_Inggris" class="mw-redirect" title="Guyana Inggris">Guyana Inggris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jamaika" title="Jamaika">Jamaika</a> dan beberapa tempat di <a href="/wiki/Karibia" title="Karibia">Karibia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Afrika_Selatan" title="Afrika Selatan">Afrika Selatan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Selandia_Baru" title="Selandia Baru">Selandia Baru</a>, serta beberapa negara di <a href="/wiki/Oseania" title="Oseania">Oseania</a>. Semua bahasa nasional di <a href="/wiki/Skandinavia" title="Skandinavia">Skandinavia</a>, kecuali <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Finlandia" title="Bahasa Finlandia">bahasa Finlandia</a>, adalah bahasa Jermanik. <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jerman" title="Bahasa Jerman">Bahasa Jerman</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Belanda" title="Bahasa Belanda">bahasa Belanda</a> juga merupakan bahasa Jermanik. Beberapa bahasa lainnya yang tidak menjadi bahasa nasional adalah bahasa <a href="/wiki/Frisia" title="Frisia">Frisia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Afrikaans" title="Bahasa Afrikaans">bahasa Afrikaans</a> (dituturkan di <a href="/wiki/Afrika_Selatan" title="Afrika Selatan">Afrika Selatan</a>), serta <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Yiddish" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Yiddish">bahasa Yiddish</a> (dituturkan di kalangan masyarakat <a href="/wiki/Yahudi" class="mw-disambig" title="Yahudi">Yahudi</a> Eropa Timur). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pembagian_bahasa-bahasa_Jermanik">Pembagian bahasa-bahasa Jermanik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Pembagian bahasa-bahasa Jermanik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pembagian bahasa-bahasa Jermanik"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jermanik_Utara" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Jermanik Utara">Kelompok bahasa Jermanik Utara</a> <ul><li>Barat <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Faroe" title="Bahasa Faroe">Bahasa Faroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Islandia" title="Bahasa Islandia">Bahasa Islandia</a></li></ul></li> <li>Timur <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Norwegia" title="Bahasa Norwegia">Bahasa Norwegia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Denmark" title="Bahasa Denmark">Bahasa Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Swedia" title="Bahasa Swedia">Bahasa Swedia</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jermanik_Barat" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Jermanik Barat">Kelompok bahasa Jermanik Barat</a> <ul><li>Bahasa-bahasa Jerman <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jerman_Hilir" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Jerman Hilir">Bahasa Jerman Hilir</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jerman" title="Bahasa Jerman">bahasa Jerman</a>: <i>Niederdeutsch</i>, <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Belanda" title="Bahasa Belanda">bahasa Belanda</a>: <i>Nederduits</i>). <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Belanda" title="Bahasa Belanda">Bahasa Belanda</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Afrikaans" title="Bahasa Afrikaans">Bahasa Afrikaans</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Limburg" title="Bahasa Limburg">Bahasa Limburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Sachsen_Hilir" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Sachsen Hilir">Bahasa Sachsen Hilir</a> (<i>Plattdeutsch</i>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jerman_Hulu" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Jerman Hulu">Bahasa Jerman Hulu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jerman" title="Bahasa Jerman">bahasa Jerman</a>: <i>Hochdeutsch</i>, <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Belanda" title="Bahasa Belanda">bahasa Belanda</a>: <i>Hoogduits</i>). <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jerman" title="Bahasa Jerman">Bahasa Jerman</a> (berbagai dialek, termasuk bahasa Jerman baku atau <i>Hochdeutsch</i>; dialek Alemania kadang-kadang dianggap bahasa tersendiri)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Yiddish" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Yiddish">Bahasa Yiddish</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Bahasa-bahasa Anglo-Frisia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">Bahasa Inggris</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Skot" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Skot">Bahasa Skot</a> (bukan <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Gaelik_Skotlandia" title="Bahasa Gaelik Skotlandia">bahasa Gaelik Skotlandia</a> maupun <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris_Skotlandia" title="Bahasa Inggris Skotlandia">bahasa Inggris Skotlandia</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Frisia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Frisia">Bahasa Frisia</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jermanik_Timur" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Jermanik Timur">Kelompok bahasa Jermanik Timur</a> (sudah punah) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Gotik" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Gotik">Bahasa Gotik</a> (punah pada tahun 1800-an)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Gotik_Krim" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Gotik Krim">Bahasa Gotik Krim</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Burgundia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Burgundia (halaman belum tersedia)">Bahasa Burgundia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Vandal" title="Bahasa Vandal">Bahasa Vandal</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tabel_perbandingan">Tabel perbandingan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Tabel perbandingan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Tabel perbandingan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dalam tabel ini perbedaan antara bahasa-bahasa Jermanik dijajarkan satu sama lain. </p><p>Beberapa kata-kata di bawah ini sudah bergeser artinya secara semantis. Misalkan kata 'sterben' ("meninggal") dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jerman" title="Bahasa Jerman">bahasa Jerman</a> dan 'to starve' dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">bahasa Inggris</a> ("lapar sampai mau mati") yang secara semantis sudah berbeda. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Indonesia" title="Bahasa Indonesia">Bahasa Indonesia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">Bahasa Inggris</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Afrikaans" title="Bahasa Afrikaans">Bahasa Afrikaans</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Denmark" title="Bahasa Denmark">Bahasa Denmark</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Faeroer" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Faeroer">Bahasa Faeroer</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Belanda" title="Bahasa Belanda">Bahasa Belanda</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jerman" title="Bahasa Jerman">Bahasa Jerman</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Gotik" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Gotik">Bahasa Gotik</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Islandia" title="Bahasa Islandia">Bahasa Islandia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Skotlandia" class="mw-disambig" title="Bahasa Skotlandia">Bahasa Skotlandia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Swedia" title="Bahasa Swedia">Bahasa Swedia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Yiddish" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Yiddish">Bahasa Yiddish</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Apel </td> <td>Apple </td> <td>Appel </td> <td>Æble </td> <td>Súrepli </td> <td>Appel </td> <td>Apfel </td> <td>Aplus </td> <td>Epli </td> <td>Aiple </td> <td>Äpple </td> <td>Epl </td></tr> <tr> <td>Papan </td> <td>Board </td> <td>Bord </td> <td>Bræt </td> <td>Borð </td> <td>Bord </td> <td>Brett </td> <td>baúrd </td> <td>borð </td> <td>Buird </td> <td>Bräde </td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td>Buku </td> <td>Book </td> <td>Boek </td> <td>Bog </td> <td>Bók </td> <td>Boek </td> <td>Buch </td> <td>Bóka </td> <td>Bók </td> <td>Beuk </td> <td>Bok </td> <td>Bukh </td></tr> <tr> <td>Dada </td> <td>Breast </td> <td>Bors </td> <td>Bryst </td> <td>Bróst </td> <td>Borst </td> <td>Brust </td> <td>Brusts </td> <td>brjóst </td> <td>Breest </td> <td>Bröst </td> <td>Brust </td></tr> <tr> <td>Coklat </td> <td>Brown </td> <td>Bruin </td> <td>Brun </td> <td>Brúnt </td> <td>Bruin </td> <td>Braun </td> <td>Bruns </td> <td>Brúnn </td> <td>Broun </td> <td>Brun </td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td>Hari </td> <td>Day </td> <td>Dag </td> <td>Dag </td> <td>Dagur </td> <td>Dag </td> <td>Tag </td> <td>Dags </td> <td>Dag </td> <td>Day </td> <td>Dag </td> <td>Tog </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mati </td> <td>Die </td> <td>Sterf </td> <td>Dø </td> <td>Doyggja </td> <td>Sterven </td> <td>Sterben </td> <td>Diwan </td> <td>deyja </td> <td>Dee </td> <td>Dö </td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cukup </td> <td>Enough </td> <td>Genoeg </td> <td>Nok </td> <td>Nógmikið </td> <td>Genoeg </td> <td>Genug </td> <td>Ga-nóhs </td> <td>Nóg </td> <td>Eneuch </td> <td>Nog </td> <td>Genug </td></tr> <tr> <td>Beri </td> <td>Give </td> <td>Gee </td> <td>Give </td> <td>Geva </td> <td>Geven </td> <td>Geben </td> <td>Giban </td> <td>Gefa </td> <td>Gie </td> <td>Giva </td> <td>Geben </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kaca/Gelas </td> <td>Glass </td> <td>Glas </td> <td>Glas </td> <td>Glas </td> <td>Glas </td> <td>Glas </td> <td>  </td> <td>Glas </td> <td>Gless </td> <td>Glas </td> <td>Gloz </td></tr> <tr> <td>Emas </td> <td>Gold </td> <td>Goud </td> <td>Guld </td> <td>Gull </td> <td>Goud </td> <td>Gold </td> <td>Gulþ </td> <td>Gull </td> <td>Gowd </td> <td>Guld </td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tangan </td> <td>Hand </td> <td>Hand </td> <td>Hånd </td> <td>Hond </td> <td>Hand </td> <td>Hand </td> <td>Handus </td> <td>Hönd </td> <td>Haund </td> <td>Hand </td> <td>Hant </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kepala </td> <td>Head </td> <td>Kop </td> <td>Hoved </td> <td>Høvur </td> <td>Hoofd </td> <td>Haupt/Kopf </td> <td>Háubiþ </td> <td>höfuð </td> <td>Heid </td> <td>Huvud </td> <td>Kop </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tinggi </td> <td>High </td> <td>Hoog </td> <td>Høj </td> <td>Høgur </td> <td>Hoog </td> <td>Hoch </td> <td>Háuh </td> <td>Hár </td> <td>Heich </td> <td>Hög </td> <td>Hoykh </td></tr> <tr> <td>Rumah </td> <td>Home </td> <td>Heim </td> <td>Hjem </td> <td>Heim </td> <td>Thuis </td> <td>Heim </td> <td>Háimóþ </td> <td>Heim </td> <td>Hame </td> <td>Hem </td> <td>Heym </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kait </td> <td>Hook </td> <td>Haak </td> <td> </td> <td>Húkur </td> <td>Haak </td> <td>Haken </td> <td>  </td> <td>Krókur </td> <td>Heuk </td> <td>Haka </td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td>Rumah </td> <td>House </td> <td>Huis </td> <td>Hus </td> <td>Hús </td> <td>Huis </td> <td>Haus </td> <td>Hús </td> <td>Hús </td> <td>Hoose </td> <td>Hus </td> <td>Hoyz </td></tr> <tr> <td>Banyak </td> <td>Many </td> <td>Menige </td> <td>Mange </td> <td>Mangt </td> <td>Menig </td> <td>Viel </td> <td>Manags </td> <td>mikið </td> <td>Mony </td> <td>Många </td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bulan </td> <td>Moon </td> <td>Maan </td> <td>Måne </td> <td>Máni </td> <td>Maan </td> <td>Mond </td> <td>Ména </td> <td>Tungl </td> <td>Muin </td> <td>Måne </td> <td>Levone </td></tr> <tr> <td>Malam </td> <td>Night </td> <td>Nag </td> <td>Nat </td> <td>Nátt </td> <td>Nacht </td> <td>Nacht </td> <td>Nahts </td> <td>Nótt </td> <td>Nicht </td> <td>Natt </td> <td>Nakht </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tidak </td> <td>No </td> <td>Nee </td> <td>Nej </td> <td>Nei </td> <td>Nee </td> <td>Nein/Nö </td> <td>Né </td> <td>Neita </td> <td>Nae </td> <td>Nej </td> <td>Neyn </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tua </td> <td>Old </td> <td>Oud </td> <td>Gammel </td> <td>Gamal </td> <td>Oud </td> <td>Alt </td> <td>Sineigs </td> <td>Gamall </td> <td>Auld </td> <td>Gammal </td> <td>Alt </td></tr> <tr> <td>Satu </td> <td>One </td> <td>Een </td> <td>En </td> <td>Ein </td> <td>Een </td> <td>Eins </td> <td>Áins </td> <td>Eitt </td> <td>Ane </td> <td>En </td> <td>Eyn </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ons </td> <td>Ounce </td> <td>Ons </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Ons </td> <td>Unze </td> <td>  </td> <td>Únsa </td> <td>Unce </td> <td>Uns </td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td>Salju </td> <td>Snow </td> <td>Sneeu </td> <td>Sne </td> <td>Snjógvur, Kavi </td> <td>Sneeuw </td> <td>Schnee </td> <td>Snáiws </td> <td>Snjór </td> <td>Snaw </td> <td>Snö </td> <td>Schney </td></tr> <tr> <td>Batu </td> <td>Stone </td> <td>Steen </td> <td>Sten </td> <td>Steinur </td> <td>Steen </td> <td>Stein </td> <td>Stáins </td> <td>Steinn </td> <td>Stane </td> <td>Sten </td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <td>Itu </td> <td>That </td> <td>Dat </td> <td>Det </td> <td>Tað </td> <td>Dat </td> <td>Das </td> <td>Þata </td> <td>Þetta </td> <td>That </td> <td>Det </td> <td>Dos </td></tr> <tr> <td>Dua </td> <td>Two </td> <td>Twee </td> <td>To </td> <td>Tvey </td> <td>Twee </td> <td>Zwei </td> <td>Twái </td> <td>Tveir </td> <td>Twa </td> <td>Två </td> <td>Tsvey </td></tr> <tr> <td>Siapa </td> <td>Who </td> <td>Wie </td> <td>Hvem </td> <td>Hvør </td> <td>Wie </td> <td>Wer </td> <td>Has </td> <td>Hver </td> <td>Wha </td> <td>Vem </td> <td>Ver </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cacing </td> <td>Worm </td> <td>Wurm </td> <td>Orm </td> <td>Ormur </td> <td>Worm </td> <td>Wurm </td> <td>Maþa </td> <td>ormur </td> <td>Wirm </td> <td>Mask </td> <td>Worem </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Status_saat_ini">Status saat ini</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Status saat ini" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Status saat ini"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-left:1em; font-size:80%"> <caption>Rumpun bahasa Jermanik berdasarkan jumlah penutur asli (juta) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Bahasa</th> <th>Penutur asli</th> <th>Ref. </th></tr> <tr> <th align="left"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">Inggris</a> </th> <td align="right">360-400 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><sup id="cite_ref-NE100_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NE100-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jerman" title="Bahasa Jerman">Jerman</a> (<i>Deutsch</i>) </th> <td align="right">95 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Belanda" title="Bahasa Belanda">Belanda</a> (<i>Nederlands</i>) </th> <td align="right">23 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><sup id="cite_ref-taalgebied_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taalgebied-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Swedia" title="Bahasa Swedia">Swedia</a> (<i>Svenska</i>) </th> <td align="right">9.2 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><sup id="cite_ref-NE_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NE-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left"><a href="/wiki/Afrikaans" class="mw-redirect" title="Afrikaans">Afrikaans</a> (<i>Afrikaans</i>) </th> <td align="right">7.2 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><sup id="cite_ref-statssa-2011-language-1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-statssa-2011-language-1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left">Saksen Hilir (<i>Platt</i>/<i>Neddersassch</i>/<i>Leegsaksies</i>) </th> <td align="right">6.5 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">,<sup id="cite_ref-Gechattet_wird_auf_Plattdeusch_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gechattet_wird_auf_Plattdeusch-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Nedersaksisch_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nedersaksisch-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Denmark" title="Bahasa Denmark">Denmark</a> (<i>Dansk</i>) </th> <td align="right">5.5 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Norwegia" title="Bahasa Norwegia">Norwegia</a> (<i>Norsk</i>) </th> <td align="right">5 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Yiddish" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Yiddish">Yiddish</a> (<i>ייִדיש</i>) </th> <td align="right">2.5 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Skot" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Skot">Skot</a> (<i>Scots</i>) </th> <td align="right">1.5 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Limburg" title="Bahasa Limburg">Limburg</a> (<i>Lèmburgs</i>) </th> <td align="right">1.3 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Frisia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Frisia">Frisia</a> (<i>Frysk</i>/<i>Noordfreesk</i>/<i>Seeltersk</i>) </th> <td align="right">0.5 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Islan" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Islan">Islan</a> (<i>Íslenska</i>) </th> <td align="right">0.3 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Luksemburg" title="Bahasa Luksemburg">Luksemburg</a> (<i>Lëtzebuergesch</i>) </th> <td align="right">0.3 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Faroe" title="Bahasa Faroe">Faroe</a> (<i>Føroyskt</i>) </th> <td align="right">0.06 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th align="left"><b>Total</b> </th> <td align="right">sekitar 500 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Bahasa Inggris adalah salah satu bahasa resmi di <a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a>, Kanada, <a href="/wiki/Kepulauan_Falkland" title="Kepulauan Falkland">Kepulauan Falkland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a>, Selandia Baru, <a href="/wiki/Republik_Irlandia" title="Republik Irlandia">Irlandia</a>, Afrika Selatan, Filipina, <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Riko" title="Puerto Riko">Puerto Riko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a>, dan bekas koloni-koloni Britania di <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>, Afrika, dan <a href="/wiki/Oseania" title="Oseania">Oseania</a>. Bahasa Inggris juga menjadi bahasa de facto di Britania Raya, Amerika Serikat, dan Australia. </p><p>Bahasa Jerman menjadi salah satu bahasa resmi di Austria, Belgia, Jerman, <a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a>, Luksemburg, dan Swiss, serta memiliki status regional di Italia, Polandia, <a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a>, dan Denmark. Meskipun Jerman pernah memiliki beberapa koloni, koloni-koloni tersebut lepas setelah <a href="/wiki/Perang_Dunia_I" title="Perang Dunia I">Perang Dunia I</a> dan bahasa Jerman tidak lagi menjadi bahasa resmi di daerah-daerah koloni tersebut. Hanya di Namibia, bahasa Jerman masih diperlukan yang digunakan oleh orang-orang berpendudukan dan dalam perdagangan. Bahasa Jerman masih digunakan sebagai bahasa minoritas oleh masyarakat imigran di <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Utara" title="Amerika Utara">Amerika Utara</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Selatan" title="Amerika Selatan">Selatan</a> serta Australia. Salah satu dialek bahasa Jerman, Jerman Pennsylvania, masih digunakan oleh penduduk <a href="/wiki/Anabaptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Anabaptist">Anabaptist</a> di <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Serikat" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a>. </p><p>Bahasa Belanda adalah bahasa resmi di <a href="/wiki/Aruba" title="Aruba">Aruba</a>, Belgia, <a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Curaçao">Curaçao</a>, Belanda, <a href="/wiki/Sint_Maarten" title="Sint Maarten">Sint Maarten</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-taalgebied_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taalgebied-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meskipun Belanda pernah menjajah <a href="/wiki/Hindia_Belanda" title="Hindia Belanda">Indonesia</a>, bahasa Belanda tidak digunakan sebagai bahasa resmi setelah Indonesia merdeka. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Glottolog-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Glottolog_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, ed. (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/{{{glotto}}}">"Jermanik"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Glottolog" title="Glottolog">Glottolog 4.8</a></i>. Jena, Jerman: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Jermanik&rft.btitle=Glottolog+4.8&rft.place=Jena%2C+Jerman&rft.pub=Max+Planck+Institute+for+the+Science+of+Human+History&rft.date=2023&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fglottolog.org%2Fresource%2Flanguoid%2Fid%2F%7B%7B%7Bglotto%7D%7D%7D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ARumpun+bahasa+Jermanik" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Tampilkan editors (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Tampilkan_editors" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Tampilkan editors">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Nasution, Sahkholid (2017). Kholison, Moh., ed. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://repository.uinsu.ac.id/2034/1/6.%20Buku%20Linguistik%20Arab.pdf"><i>Pengantar Linguistik Bahasa Arab</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Sidoarjo: CV. Lisan Arabi. hlm. 61. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-602-70113-8-0" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-602-70113-8-0">978-602-70113-8-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pengantar+Linguistik+Bahasa+Arab&rft.place=Sidoarjo&rft.pages=61&rft.pub=CV.+Lisan+Arabi&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-602-70113-8-0&rft.aulast=Nasution&rft.aufirst=Sahkholid&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frepository.uinsu.ac.id%2F2034%2F1%2F6.%2520Buku%2520Linguistik%2520Arab.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ARumpun+bahasa+Jermanik" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NE100-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NE100_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ne.se/spr%C3%A5k/v%C3%A4rldens-100-st%C3%B6rsta-spr%C3%A5k-2010">"Världens 100 största språk 2010"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Nationalencyklopedin" title="Nationalencyklopedin">Nationalencyklopedin</a></i> (dalam bahasa bahasa Swedia). 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal 12-02-2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nationalencyklopedin&rft.atitle=V%C3%A4rldens+100+st%C3%B6rsta+spr%C3%A5k+2010&rft.date=2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ne.se%2Fspr%25C3%25A5k%2Fv%25C3%25A4rldens-100-st%25C3%25B6rsta-spr%25C3%25A5k-2010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ARumpun+bahasa+Jermanik" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|trans_title=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>); </span><span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Periksa nilai tanggal di: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|accessdate=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#bad_date" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Bahasa_yang_tidak_diketahui" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Vasagar, Jeevan (18-06-2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/germany/10128380/German-should-be-a-working-language-of-EU-says-Merkels-party.html">"German 'should be a working language of EU', says Merkel's party"</a> (dalam bahasa bahasa Inggris). The Telegraph.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=German+%27should+be+a+working+language+of+EU%27%2C+says+Merkel%27s+party&rft.chron=18-06-2013&rft.aulast=Vasagar&rft.aufirst=Jeevan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Feurope%2Fgermany%2F10128380%2FGerman-should-be-a-working-language-of-EU-says-Merkels-party.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ARumpun+bahasa+Jermanik" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Periksa nilai tanggal di: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|date=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#bad_date" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Bahasa_yang_tidak_diketahui" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-taalgebied-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-taalgebied_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taalgebied_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://taalunieversum.org/taal/feiten_en_weetjes/#feitencijfers">"Feiten en cijfers: Wat iedereen zou moeten weten over het Nederlands"</a>. <i>Taalunieversum.org</i> (dalam bahasa bahasa Belanda). Nederlandse Taalunie. 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal 07-04-2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Taalunieversum.org&rft.atitle=Feiten+en+cijfers%3A+Wat+iedereen+zou+moeten+weten+over+het+Nederlands&rft.date=2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftaalunieversum.org%2Ftaal%2Ffeiten_en_weetjes%2F%23feitencijfers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ARumpun+bahasa+Jermanik" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Periksa nilai tanggal di: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|accessdate=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#bad_date" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Bahasa_yang_tidak_diketahui" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NE-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NE_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia">"Världens 100 största språk 2007". <i><a href="/wiki/Nationalencyklopedin" title="Nationalencyklopedin">Nationalencyklopedin</a></i> (dalam bahasa bahasa Swedia). 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=V%C3%A4rldens+100+st%C3%B6rsta+spr%C3%A5k+2007&rft.btitle=Nationalencyklopedin&rft.date=2007&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ARumpun+bahasa+Jermanik" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|trans_title=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Bahasa_yang_tidak_diketahui" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-statssa-2011-language-1-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-statssa-2011-language-1_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181225082845/http://www.statssa.gov.za/Census2011/Products/Census_2011_Census_in_brief.pdf%20">"Census 2011 – Home language"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Statistics_South_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Statistics South Africa (halaman belum tersedia)">Statistics South Africa</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.statssa.gov.za/Census2011/Products/Census_2011_Census_in_brief.pdf">versi asli</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> tanggal 2018-12-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2 February</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+2011+%E2%80%93+Home+language&rft.pub=Statistics+South+Africa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statssa.gov.za%2FCensus2011%2FProducts%2FCensus_2011_Census_in_brief.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ARumpun+bahasa+Jermanik" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gechattet_wird_auf_Plattdeusch-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gechattet_wird_auf_Plattdeusch_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.noz.de/deutschland-welt/kultur/artikel/10731/gechattet-wird-auch-auf-plattdeutsch">"Gechattet wird auf Plattdeusch"</a>. <i>Noz.de</i> (dalam bahasa bahasa Jerman)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal 14-03-2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Noz.de&rft.atitle=Gechattet+wird+auf+Plattdeusch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.noz.de%2Fdeutschland-welt%2Fkultur%2Fartikel%2F10731%2Fgechattet-wird-auch-auf-plattdeutsch&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ARumpun+bahasa+Jermanik" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Periksa nilai tanggal di: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|accessdate=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#bad_date" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Bahasa_yang_tidak_diketahui" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nedersaksisch-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Nedersaksisch_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170213155318/http://taal.phileon.nl/nedersaksisch.php">"Nedersaksisch"</a>. <i>Taal.phileon.nl</i>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://taal.phileon.nl/nedersaksisch.php">versi asli</a> tanggal 2017-02-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal 14-03-2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Taal.phileon.nl&rft.atitle=Nedersaksisch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftaal.phileon.nl%2Fnedersaksisch.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ARumpun+bahasa+Jermanik" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Periksa nilai tanggal di: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|accessdate=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#bad_date" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/language/dan">Ethnologue: Danish</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/language/nor">Ethnologue: Norwegian</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ijVn2KP0FocC&pg=PA3">Yiddish: A Linguistic Introduction by Neil G. Jacobs</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/language/sco">Ethnologue: Scots</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/language/lim">Ethnologue: Limburgish</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/language/fry">Ethnologue: Frisian</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statice.is/?PageID=1390">97% of a population of 325,000 + 15,000 native Icelandic speakers outside Iceland</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Penduduk Luksemburg</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/language/fao">Ethnologue: Faroese</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160320141844/http://www.spectrumtranslation.com/germanic-languages/">"Spectrum Translation: Germanic languages"</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spectrumtranslation.com/germanic-languages/">versi asli</a> tanggal 2016-03-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2016-03-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Spectrum+Translation%3A+Germanic+languages&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spectrumtranslation.com%2Fgermanic-languages%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ARumpun+bahasa+Jermanik" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782733">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Rumpun_bahasa_Indo-Eropa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Rumpun_bahasa_Indo-Eropa" title="Templat:Rumpun bahasa Indo-Eropa"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Rumpun_bahasa_Indo-Eropa" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Rumpun bahasa Indo-Eropa"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Rumpun_bahasa_Indo-Eropa&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rumpun_bahasa_Indo-Eropa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Indo-Eropa" title="Rumpun bahasa Indo-Eropa">Rumpun bahasa Indo-Eropa</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Albania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Albania" title="Bahasa Albania">Albania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Armenia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Armenia" title="Bahasa Armenia">Armenia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Balto-Slavia" title="Rumpun bahasa Balto-Slavia">Balto-Slavia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Baltik" title="Rumpun bahasa Baltik">Baltik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Slavia" title="Rumpun bahasa Slavia">Slavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Kelt" class="mw-redirect" title="Rumpun bahasa Kelt">Kelt</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Kelt_Kepulauan" class="mw-redirect" title="Rumpun bahasa Kelt Kepulauan">Kelt Kepulauan</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Kelt_Benua" class="mw-redirect" title="Rumpun bahasa Kelt Benua">Kelt Benua</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jermanik</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik_Utara" title="Rumpun bahasa Jermanik Utara">Jermanik Utara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik_Barat" title="Rumpun bahasa Jermanik Barat">Jermanik Barat</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik_Timur" title="Rumpun bahasa Jermanik Timur">Jermanik Timur</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Helenik" title="Rumpun bahasa Helenik">Helenik</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Yunani" title="Bahasa Yunani">Yunani</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Makedonia_Kuno" title="Bahasa Makedonia Kuno">Makedonia Kuno</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Indo-Iran" title="Rumpun bahasa Indo-Iran">Indo-Iran</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Indo-Arya" title="Rumpun bahasa Indo-Arya">Indo-Arya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Iran" title="Rumpun bahasa Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Nuristan" title="Rumpun bahasa Nuristan">Nuristan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Italik" title="Rumpun bahasa Italik">Italik</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Latin-Faliski" class="mw-redirect" title="Rumpun bahasa Latin-Faliski">Latin-Faliski</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Oska-Umbria" class="mw-redirect" title="Rumpun bahasa Oska-Umbria">Oska-Umbria</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Tokharia" title="Bahasa Tokharia">Tokharia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Tokharia A</i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Kucha" title="Bahasa Kucha">Tokharia B</a></i></li> <li><i>Tokharia C</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Anatolia" title="Rumpun bahasa Anatolia">Anatolia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Het" title="Bahasa Het">Het</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Pala" title="Bahasa Pala">Pala</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Lidia" title="Bahasa Lidia">Lidia</a></i></li> <li><i>Luwik</i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Luwia" title="Bahasa Luwia">Luwia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Likia" title="Bahasa Likia">Likia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Milya" title="Bahasa Milya">Milya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Karia" title="Bahasa Karia">Karia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Side" title="Bahasa Side">Side</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Pisidia" title="Bahasa Pisidia">Pisidia</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span style="font-weight:normal;"><span style="font-size:85%;">(<i>tidak terklasifikasi</i>)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Belgia_Kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Belgia Kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Belgia Kuno</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Dacia" title="Bahasa Dacia">Dacia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Elimia" title="Bahasa Elimia">Elimia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Frigia" title="Bahasa Frigia">Frigia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Iliria" title="Bahasa Iliria">Iliria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Isauria" title="Bahasa Isauria">Isauria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Liburnia" title="Bahasa Liburnia">Liburnia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Lusitania" title="Bahasa Lusitania">Lusitania</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Messapia" title="Bahasa Messapia">Messapia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Misia" title="Bahasa Misia">Misia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Paeonia" title="Bahasa Paeonia">Paeonia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Sikeloi" title="Bahasa Sikeloi">Sikeloi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Trakia" title="Bahasa Trakia">Trakia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Venetia" title="Bahasa Venetia">Venetia</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span style="font-weight:normal;"><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_purba" title="Bahasa purba"><i>bahasa proto</i></a>)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Proto-Indo-Eropa" title="Bahasa Proto-Indo-Eropa">Proto-Indo-Eropa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Proto-Albania" title="Bahasa Proto-Albania">Proto-Albania</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Proto-Armenia" title="Bahasa Proto-Armenia">Proto-Armenia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Proto-Balto-Slavia" title="Bahasa Proto-Balto-Slavia">Proto-Balto-Slavia</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Proto-Slavia" title="Bahasa Proto-Slavia">Proto-Slavia</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Proto-Kelt" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Proto-Kelt">Proto-Kelt</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Proto-Jermanik" title="Bahasa Proto-Jermanik">Proto-Jermanik</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Proto-Nordik" title="Bahasa Proto-Nordik">Proto-Nordik</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Proto-Helenik" title="Bahasa Proto-Helenik">Proto-Helenik</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Proto-Indo-Iran" title="Bahasa Proto-Indo-Iran">Proto-Indo-Iran</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Proto-Indo-Arya" title="Bahasa Proto-Indo-Arya">Proto-Indo-Arya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Proto-Iran" title="Bahasa Proto-Iran">Proto-Iran</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Proto-Italik" title="Bahasa Proto-Italik">Proto-Italik</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Proto-Roman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Proto-Roman (halaman belum tersedia)">Proto-Roman</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Proto-Tokharia" title="Bahasa Proto-Tokharia">Proto-Tokharia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Proto-Anatolia" title="Bahasa Proto-Anatolia">Proto-Anatolia</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>Huruf miring</i> menunjukkan <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_mati" title="Bahasa mati">bahasa mati atau punah</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Pengawasan_otoritas_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21200#identifiers&#124;Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Pengawasan_otoritas_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21200#identifiers&#124;Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengawasan_otoritas" title="Bantuan:Pengawasan otoritas">Pengawasan otoritas</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21200#identifiers" title="Sunting ini di Wikidata"><img alt="Sunting ini di Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Umum</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4113716-4">Integrated Authority File (Jerman)</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Perpustakaan nasional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX4576731">Spanyol</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11947338w">Prancis</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11947338w">(data)</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85054438">Amerika Serikat</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000048562&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph120557&CON_LNG=ENG">Republik Ceko</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lain-lain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.microsoft.com/v2/detail/2776306927">Microsoft Academic</a></span> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.microsoft.com/v2/detail/2909326308">2</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SUDOC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SUDOC (identifier)">SUDOC (Prancis)</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/02743026X">1</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diperoleh dari "<a dir="ltr" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik&oldid=25990754">https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik&oldid=25990754</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Daftar_kategori" title="Istimewa:Daftar kategori">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Bahasa_belum_dinilai_NA" title="Kategori:Artikel Bahasa belum dinilai NA">Artikel Bahasa belum dinilai NA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Rumpun_bahasa_Jermanik" title="Kategori:Rumpun bahasa Jermanik">Rumpun bahasa Jermanik</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Rumpun_bahasa_Indo-Eropa" title="Kategori:Rumpun bahasa Indo-Eropa">Rumpun bahasa Indo-Eropa</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategori tersembunyi: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_dengan_argumen_ganda_di_pemanggilan_templat" title="Kategori:Halaman dengan argumen ganda di pemanggilan templat">Halaman dengan argumen ganda di pemanggilan templat</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Tampilkan_editors" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Tampilkan editors">Pemeliharaan CS1: Tampilkan editors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_dengan_rujukan_yang_menggunakan_parameter_yang_tidak_didukung" title="Kategori:Halaman dengan rujukan yang menggunakan parameter yang tidak didukung">Halaman dengan rujukan yang menggunakan parameter yang tidak didukung</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Galat_CS1:_tanggal" title="Kategori:Galat CS1: tanggal">Galat CS1: tanggal</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Bahasa_yang_tidak_diketahui" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui">Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_bahasa_dengan_tag_bahasa_IETF" title="Kategori:Artikel bahasa dengan tag bahasa IETF">Artikel bahasa dengan tag bahasa IETF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_artikel_bahasa_dengan_peta" title="Kategori:Halaman artikel bahasa dengan peta">Halaman artikel bahasa dengan peta</a></li><li><a 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