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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-传统及用法" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#传统及用法"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>传统及用法</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-传统及用法-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关传统及用法子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-传统及用法-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-背景" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#背景"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>背景</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-背景-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-用法" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#用法"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>用法</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-用法-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-教会使用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#教会使用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>教会使用</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-教会使用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-旗幟及條幅" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#旗幟及條幅"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>旗幟及條幅</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-旗幟及條幅-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关旗幟及條幅子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-旗幟及條幅-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-美國旗幟" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#美國旗幟"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>美國旗幟</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-美國旗幟-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-英國旗幟" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#英國旗幟"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>英國旗幟</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-英國旗幟-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-註釋" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#註釋"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>註釋</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-註釋-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>参見</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">紋章</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。95种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-95" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">95种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wapen_(heraldiek)" title="Wapen (heraldiek) – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Wapen (heraldiek)" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wappen" title="Wappen – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Wappen" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%A5%E1%88%84%E1%88%AB%E1%8B%8A_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%AD%E1%88%9B" title="ብሄራዊ አርማ – 阿姆哈拉语" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ብሄራዊ አርማ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9" title="شعار النبالة – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شعار النبالة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87" title="شعار النباله – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شعار النباله" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerb" title="Gerb – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Gerb" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D9%85" title="آرم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آرم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1" title="Герб – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Герб" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woppn" title="Woppn – 巴伐利亞文" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Woppn" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="巴伐利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1" title="Герб – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Герб" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1" title="Герб – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Герб" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1" title="Герб – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Герб" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grb" title="Grb – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Grb" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D2%AF%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8D" title="Һүлдэ – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Һүлдэ" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escut_d%27armes" title="Escut d'armes – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Escut d'armes" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D3%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="ХӀост – 车臣语" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="ХӀост" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="车臣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erb" title="Erb – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Erb" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%99%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%8A" title="Ꙁнакъ – 教会斯拉夫语" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Ꙁнакъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="教会斯拉夫语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arfbais" title="Arfbais – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Arfbais" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A5ben_(heraldik)" title="Våben (heraldik) – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Våben (heraldik)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wappen" title="Wappen – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wappen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arma" title="Arma – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Arma" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%B8%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%83%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF" title="Εθνόσημο – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εθνόσημο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Coat of arms" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blazono" title="Blazono – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Blazono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blas%C3%B3n" title="Blasón – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Blasón" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapp" title="Vapp – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vapp" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armarri" title="Armarri – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Armarri" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="نشان سلحشوری – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نشان سلحشوری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaakuna" title="Vaakuna – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vaakuna" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapp" title="Vapp – 佛羅文" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Vapp" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="佛羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blason_(h%C3%A9raldique)" title="Blason (héraldique) – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Blason (héraldique)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armas" title="Armas – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Armas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gearradh-arm" title="Gearradh-arm – 苏格兰盖尔语" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Gearradh-arm" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="苏格兰盖尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%98_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%9C%D7%93%D7%99" title="שלט הרלדי – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שלט הרלדי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8" title="राज्यचिह्न – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="राज्यचिह्न" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms – 斐濟印地文" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Coat of arms" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="斐濟印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grb" title="Grb – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Grb" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%ADmer" title="Címer – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Címer" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B6%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B7%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Զինանշան – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Զինանշան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambang_kebesaran" title="Lambang kebesaran – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Lambang kebesaran" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blazono" title="Blazono – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Blazono" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skjaldarmerki" title="Skjaldarmerki – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Skjaldarmerki" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stemma" title="Stemma – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Stemma" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0" title="紋章 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="紋章" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambang_nagara" title="Lambang nagara – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Lambang nagara" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="გერბი – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გერბი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1" title="Герб – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Герб" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AC%B8%EC%9E%A5_(%EC%83%81%EC%A7%95)" title="문장 (상징) – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="문장 (상징)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1" title="Герб – 卡拉恰伊巴尔卡尔语" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Герб" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="卡拉恰伊巴尔卡尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Канпас – 科米语" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Канпас" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="科米语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1" title="Герб – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Герб" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insigne" title="Insigne – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Insigne" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wopen" title="Wopen – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Wopen" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilembo-nkita" title="Bilembo-nkita – 林加拉语" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Bilembo-nkita" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="林加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbas" title="Herbas – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Herbas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%A2erbonis" title="Ģerbonis – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ģerbonis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B1" title="Грб – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Грб" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jata" title="Jata – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Jata" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wapen_(Heraldik)" title="Wapen (Heraldik) – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Wapen (Heraldik)" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wapen_(heraldiek)" title="Wapen (heraldiek) – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wapen (heraldiek)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heraldiske_v%C3%A5pen" title="Heraldiske våpen – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Heraldiske våpen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A5pen_(heraldikk)" title="Våpen (heraldikk) – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Våpen (heraldikk)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Atchusson" title="Êtchusson – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Êtchusson" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blason" title="Blason – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Blason" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1" title="Герб – 奥塞梯语" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Герб" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="奥塞梯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herb" title="Herb – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Herb" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bras%C3%A3o" title="Brasão – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Brasão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wallqanqa_sanancha" title="Wallqanqa sanancha – 克丘亚语" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Wallqanqa sanancha" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="克丘亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem%C4%83" title="Stemă – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Stemă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1" title="Герб – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Герб" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grb" title="Grb – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Grb" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Coat of arms" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erb" title="Erb – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Erb" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grb" title="Grb – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Grb" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stema" title="Stema – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Stema" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B1" title="Грб – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Грб" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heraldiskt_vapen" title="Heraldiskt vapen – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Heraldiskt vapen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wapyn" title="Wapyn – 西里西亚语" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Wapyn" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="西里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1" title="ตราอาร์ม – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ตราอาร์ม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskudo_de_armas" title="Eskudo de armas – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Eskudo de armas" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arma" title="Arma – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Arma" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1" title="Герб – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Герб" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%AF%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="Сүлде – 图瓦语" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Сүлде" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="图瓦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1" title="Герб – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Герб" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerb" title="Gerb – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Gerb" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stema" title="Stema – 威尼斯语" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Stema" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="威尼斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%B9_hi%E1%BB%87u_%C3%A1o_gi%C3%A1p" title="Phù hiệu áo giáp – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phù hiệu áo giáp" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sk%C3%B6t" title="Sköt – 沃拉普克语" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Sköt" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="沃拉普克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%B9%E7%AB%A0" title="纹章 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="纹章" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="გერბი – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="გერბი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%91" title="הערב – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="הערב" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0" title="紋章 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="紋章" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%AEn-p%C3%A2i-chiong" title="Pîn-pâi-chiong – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Pîn-pâi-chiong" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0" title="紋章 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="紋章" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14659#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected 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hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0&oldid=82039983" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0&id=82039983&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E7%25B4%258B%25E7%25AB%25A0"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E7%25B4%258B%25E7%25AB%25A0"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Coats_of_arms" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14659" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button 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style="width:270px;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div style="position: relative"> <div style="position: absolute; font-size:large; left: 110px; top: 215px; padding: 0;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%BE%E7%89%8C_(%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0%E5%AD%B8)" title="盾牌 (紋章學)">盾</a></b></div> <div style="position: absolute; font-size:large; left: 101px; top: 140px; padding: 0;"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%B9%E7%AB%A0%E8%83%8C%E6%99%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="纹章背景（页面不存在）">背景</a></b></div> <div style="position: absolute; font-size:smaller; left: 8px; top: 150px; padding: 0;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%AF%E6%92%90%E7%89%A9_(%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0%E5%AD%B8)" class="mw-redirect" title="支撐物 (紋章學)">护盾兽<br />持盾者<br />支撑物</a></b></div> <div style="position: absolute; font-size:smaller; left: 180px; top: 150px; padding: 0;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%AF%E6%92%90%E7%89%A9_(%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0%E5%AD%B8)" class="mw-redirect" title="支撐物 (紋章學)">护盾兽<br />持盾者<br />支撑物</a></b></div> <div style="position: absolute; font-size:smaller; left: 110px; top: 0px; padding: 0;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B0%E5%90%BC" title="戰吼">战吼</a></b></div> <div style="position: absolute; font-size:normal; left: 108px; top: 28px; padding: 0;"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A5%B0%E7%AB%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="饰章（页面不存在）">饰章</a></b></div> <div style="position: absolute; font-size:smaller; left: 108px; top: 62px; padding: 0;"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%88_(%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0%E5%AD%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="花圈 (紋章學)（页面不存在）">花圈</a></b></div> <div style="position: absolute; font-size:smaller; left: 155px; top: 90px; padding: 0;"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B9%E5%BD%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="布边形（页面不存在）">布边形</a></b></div> <div style="position: absolute; font-size:normal; left: 107px; top: 95px; padding: 0;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%94%E9%A5%B0" title="盔饰">盔饰</a></b></div> <div style="position: absolute; font-size:normal; left: 98px; top: 115px; padding: 0;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E5%86%A0_(%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0%E5%AD%B8)" class="mw-redirect" title="皇冠 (紋章學)">皇冠</a></b></div> <div style="position: absolute; font-size:smaller; left: 160px; top: 260px; padding: 0;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%BA%A7_(%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0%E5%AD%B8)" title="基座 (紋章學)">基座</a></b></div> <div style="position: absolute; font-size:smaller; left: 107px; top: 256px; padding: 0;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%B3%E7%AB%A0" title="勳章">勳章</a></b></div> <div style="position: absolute; font-size:smaller; left: 72px; top: 189px; padding: 0;"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%AE%E9%80%9A%E5%9B%BE%E8%AE%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="普通图记（页面不存在）">普通图记</a></b></div> <div style="position: absolute; font-size:smaller; left: 128px; top: 183px; padding: 0;"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%93%E6%84%8F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="寓意物（页面不存在）">寓意物</a></b></div> <div style="position: absolute; font-size:smaller; left: 106px; top: 282px; padding: 0;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AD%E8%A8%80" class="mw-redirect" title="铭言">铭言</a></b></div> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Coat of Arms"><img alt="Outline of coat of arms" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Elementy_herbu.jpg/250px-Elementy_herbu.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="322" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Elementy_herbu.jpg/375px-Elementy_herbu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Elementy_herbu.jpg/500px-Elementy_herbu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="773" /></span></span></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><div style="width:100%;margin:0 auto;text-align:center;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">紋章</a>的组成元素</div></div> </div> <p><b>紋章</b>（英語：<span lang="en">coat of arms</span>）又稱<b>盾形紋章</b>、<b>袍徽</b><span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>，是一種特有的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B9%E7%AB%A0%E5%AD%A6" title="纹章学">紋章設計</a>，通常出现在<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="纹章盾" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Escutcheon (heraldry)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%B9%E7%AB%A0%E7%9B%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="纹章盾（页面不存在）">纹章盾</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escutcheon_(heraldry)" class="extiw" title="en:Escutcheon (heraldry)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Escutcheon (heraldry)</span></a></span>）</span></span>、外套或战袍上。中世纪骑士用它来辨认其身份。盾徽是由一个盾牌、支撑物、饰章及铭言组成。至今，它仍用來作為識別<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%8B%E4%BA%BA" title="個人">個人</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8D%E9%9A%8A" title="軍隊">軍隊</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="教會">教會</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A9%9F%E9%97%9C%E5%9C%98%E9%AB%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="機關團體（页面不存在）">機關團體</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E4%BC%81%E6%A5%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公司企業（页面不存在）">公司企業</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E8%A5%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="世襲">世襲</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E7%B9%BC%E6%89%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="繼承">繼承</a>性標記，而<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="紋章學">紋章學</a>則是研究其使用、展示和規則的學術領域<sup id="cite_ref-劉_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-劉-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>11</span></sup>。 </p><p>有时盾徽也被指称整个纹章，但在纹章学的严格意义上来讲，这种看法是错误的。 </p><p>12世纪封建领主和骑士在战场上开始广泛使用盾徽。从13世纪开始，盾徽進一步成为欧洲上层社会家族代代相傳的一种旗帜或标志，尤其是有权使用盾徽的人，在法律或社会习惯上，开始逐渐演变为国家权力。在德语区，贵族和平民都会使用盾徽，而在欧洲其他地区，仅有贵族才能使用盾徽。之后教堂的神职人员也开始使用盾徽，接着是小镇用于镇民识别，以及像是大学及商贸公司这类<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E7%89%B9%E8%AE%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="皇家特许">皇家特许</a>的机构。 </p><p>現今仍有大量的机构及个人仍旧使用盾徽；很多欧洲城市和大学都有关于如何使用盾徽的指引，并且将其作为商标保护。很多社团也帮助设计并注册个人盾徽。在某些国家，比如英格兰和苏格兰，數個世紀以來仍旧保持与当时所授予的盾徽相同的纹章格局并持续管理至今。旗帜是由盾徽发展而来的，<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%97%E5%B9%9F%E5%AD%B8" title="旗幟學">旗帜学</a>和纹章学的艺术是非常相近的。盾徽是商业公司现代标志的主要资源。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="传统及用法"><span id=".E4.BC.A0.E7.BB.9F.E5.8F.8A.E7.94.A8.E6.B3.95"></span>传统及用法</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：传统及用法"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="背景"><span id=".E8.83.8C.E6.99.AF"></span>背景</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：背景"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC" title="古罗马">古罗马</a>人在盾牌上使用类似的徽章，但用来指示军队而非个人。首个中世纪盾徽证物是在11世纪的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%8F%B6%E6%8C%82%E6%AF%AF" title="贝叶挂毯">贝叶挂毯</a>上发现的，上面織有战士携带著繪有十字架的盾牌。不過此說法仍有爭議。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="用法"><span id=".E7.94.A8.E6.B3.95"></span>用法</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：用法"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在英格兰和苏格兰的纹章传统中，係由个体拥有盾徽而非家族，盾徽屬於父亲传给儿子的合法資產；妻子和女儿也可修改盾徽以显示其与现有盾徽拥有者间的关系。相同的盾徽在同一时间中只能由一人使用。其他继承者只能在原始盾徽上進行一些小改动：通常是改变一些颜色或者添加<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%93%E6%84%8F%E7%89%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="寓意物（页面不存在）">寓意物</a>，例如横幅之類者，其在英国用法中（皇家之外）是继承人的标志或（在苏格兰）假定继承人的标志。 </p><p>因有在识别性上的重要性(特别是法律文件)，盾徽的使用受到严格管制；少数国家至今仍然如此。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="教会使用"><span id=".E6.95.99.E4.BC.9A.E4.BD.BF.E7.94.A8"></span>教会使用</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：教会使用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E6%9C%83%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0%E5%AD%B8" title="教會紋章學">教会纹章学</a></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="圣座"><img alt="圣座" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/88px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png" decoding="async" width="88" height="120" class="mw-file-element" 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href="/wiki/%E7%B7%AC%E5%9B%A0%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="緬因州">緬因州</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Michigan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="密歇根州"><img alt="密歇根州" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Michigan.svg/120px-Flag_of_Michigan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Michigan.svg/180px-Flag_of_Michigan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Michigan.svg/240px-Flag_of_Michigan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="685" data-file-height="457" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E6%AD%87%E6%A0%B9%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="密歇根州">密歇根州</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_New_York.svg/120px-Flag_of_New_York.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_New_York.svg/180px-Flag_of_New_York.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_New_York.svg/240px-Flag_of_New_York.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%90%E7%B4%84%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="紐約州">紐約州</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="賓夕法尼亞州"><img alt="賓夕法尼亞州" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg/120px-Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg/180px-Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg/240px-Flag_of_Pennsylvania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="740" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%93%E5%A4%95%E6%B3%95%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="賓夕法尼亞州">賓夕法尼亞州</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Vermont.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="佛蒙特州"><img alt="佛蒙特州" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Vermont.svg/120px-Flag_of_Vermont.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Vermont.svg/180px-Flag_of_Vermont.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Vermont.svg/240px-Flag_of_Vermont.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E8%92%99%E7%89%B9%E5%B7%9E" title="佛蒙特州">佛蒙特州</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="威斯康星州"><img alt="威斯康星州" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg/120px-Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg/180px-Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg/240px-Flag_of_Wisconsin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E6%96%AF%E5%BA%B7%E6%98%9F%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="威斯康星州">威斯康星州</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="英國旗幟"><span id=".E8.8B.B1.E5.9C.8B.E6.97.97.E5.B9.9F"></span>英國旗幟</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：英國旗幟"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%97%97%E5%B9%9F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="英國旗幟列表">英國旗幟列表</a></div> <table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse;"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#efefef"> <th width="110">旗帜</th> <th width="100">时间</th> <th width="250">使用</th> <th width="250">描述 </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Ambassador_Flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/British_Ambassador_Flag.svg/100px-British_Ambassador_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/British_Ambassador_Flag.svg/150px-British_Ambassador_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/British_Ambassador_Flag.svg/200px-British_Ambassador_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%A7%90%E5%A4%96%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="英國駐外機構列表">英國大使館</a>用旗</td> <td>米字旗上方是圓形的英國皇家盾形紋章 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Anguilla.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Anguilla.svg/100px-Flag_of_Anguilla.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Anguilla.svg/150px-Flag_of_Anguilla.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Anguilla.svg/200px-Flag_of_Anguilla.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td> <td>1990年-</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%9C%AD%E6%8B%89%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="安圭拉岛">安圭拉岛</a>旗帜</td> <td>蓝底，左上角为英国国旗图案，右下角为该岛的盾徽 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Ascension_Island.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Ascension_Island.svg/100px-Flag_of_Ascension_Island.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Ascension_Island.svg/150px-Flag_of_Ascension_Island.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Ascension_Island.svg/200px-Flag_of_Ascension_Island.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></td> <td>2013年-</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%A3%AE%E6%9D%BE%E5%B2%9B" title="阿森松岛">阿森松岛</a>旗帜</td> <td>蓝底，左上角为英国国旗图案，右下角为该岛的盾徽 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Bermuda.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bermuda.svg/100px-Flag_of_Bermuda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bermuda.svg/150px-Flag_of_Bermuda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bermuda.svg/200px-Flag_of_Bermuda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></td> <td>1999年-</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E6%85%95%E5%A4%A7%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="百慕大群岛">百慕大群岛</a>旗帜</td> <td>红底，左上角为英国国旗图案，右下角为该岛的盾徽 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></td> <td>1963年 -</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%9E%E5%8D%97%E6%9E%81%E9%A2%86%E5%9C%B0" title="英属南极领地">英属南极领地</a>旗帜</td> <td>白底，左上角为英国国旗图案，右下角为领土的盾徽 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></td> <td>1990年 -</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%9E%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%B4%8B%E9%A2%86%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="英属印度洋领地">英属印度洋领地</a>旗帜</td> <td>蓝色的波浪状条纹，左上角为英国国旗图案，右下角为领土的盾徽 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td> <td>1960年 -</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%9E%E7%BB%B4%E5%B0%94%E4%BA%AC%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="英属维尔京群岛">英属维尔京群岛</a>旗帜</td> <td>蓝底，左上角为英国国旗图案，右下角为该岛的盾徽 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td> <td>1999年 -</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%9B%BC%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="开曼群岛">开曼群岛</a>旗帜</td> <td>蓝底，左上角为英国国旗图案，右下角为该岛的盾徽 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td> <td>1999年 -</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="福克兰群岛">福克兰群岛</a>旗帜</td> <td>蓝底，左上角为英国国旗图案，右下角为该岛的盾徽 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg/100px-Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg/150px-Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg/200px-Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></td> <td>1982年 -</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E5%B8%83%E7%BD%97%E9%99%80" title="直布罗陀">直布罗陀</a>旗帜</td> <td>白红底，中间为该地的盾徽 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Montserrat.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Montserrat.svg/100px-Flag_of_Montserrat.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Montserrat.svg/150px-Flag_of_Montserrat.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Montserrat.svg/200px-Flag_of_Montserrat.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td> <td>1909年 -</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E7%89%B9%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9" title="蒙特塞拉特">蒙特塞拉特</a>旗帜</td> <td>蓝底，左上角为英国国旗图案，右下角为该岛的盾徽 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td> <td>1984年 -</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E7%89%B9%E5%87%AF%E6%81%A9%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="皮特凯恩群岛">皮特凯恩群岛</a>旗帜</td> <td>蓝底，左上角为英国国旗图案，右下角为该岛的盾徽 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Saint_Helena.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Saint_Helena.svg/100px-Flag_of_Saint_Helena.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Saint_Helena.svg/150px-Flag_of_Saint_Helena.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Saint_Helena.svg/200px-Flag_of_Saint_Helena.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td> <td>1984年 -</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%B5%AB%E5%8B%92%E6%8B%BF%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="圣赫勒拿岛">圣赫勒拿岛</a>旗帜</td> <td>蓝底，左上角为英国国旗图案，右下角为该岛的盾徽 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg/100px-Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg/150px-Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg/200px-Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></td> <td>1999年 -</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%E4%BA%9A%E5%B2%9B%E5%92%8C%E5%8D%97%E6%A1%91%E5%A8%81%E5%A5%87%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="南乔治亚岛和南桑威奇群岛">南乔治亚岛和南桑威奇群岛</a>旗帜</td> <td>蓝底，左上角为英国国旗图案，右下角为该岛的盾徽 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Tristan_da_Cunha.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Tristan_da_Cunha.svg/100px-Flag_of_Tristan_da_Cunha.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Tristan_da_Cunha.svg/150px-Flag_of_Tristan_da_Cunha.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Tristan_da_Cunha.svg/200px-Flag_of_Tristan_da_Cunha.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></td> <td>2002年 -</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6-%E8%BE%BE%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="特里斯坦-达库尼亚群岛">特里斯坦-达库尼亚群岛</a>旗帜</td> <td>蓝底，左上角为英国国旗图案，右下角为该岛的盾徽 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td> <td>1968年 -</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%92%8C%E5%87%AF%E7%A7%91%E6%96%AF%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="特克斯和凯科斯群岛">特克斯和凯科斯群岛</a>旗帜</td> <td>蓝底，左上角为英国国旗图案，右下角为该岛的盾徽 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="註釋"><span id=".E8.A8.BB.E9.87.8B"></span>註釋</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：註釋"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="references-NoteFoot"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">劉俞妤〈紋章設計準則及其在商標設計的協助應用〉一文將「heraldry」譯作「紋章」或「紋章學」<sup id="cite_ref-劉_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-劉-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>4</span></sup>，而「coat of arms」則譯作「袍徽」<sup id="cite_ref-劉_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-劉-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">:<span>11</span></sup>。</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-劉-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-劉_1-0"><sup><b>1.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-劉_1-1"><sup><b>1.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-劉_1-2"><sup><b>1.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation thesis">劉俞妤. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/11296/baqa92">〈紋章設計準則及其在商標設計的協助應用〉</a> (碩士论文). <a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B2%E6%9E%97%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="雲林科技大學">雲林科技大學</a>. 2007年7月.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0&rft.au=%E5%8A%89%E4%BF%9E%E5%A6%A4&rft.date=2007-07&rft.degree=%E7%A2%A9%E5%A3%AB&rft.inst=%E9%9B%B2%E6%9E%97%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8&rft.title=%E3%80%88%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88%E6%BA%96%E5%89%87%E5%8F%8A%E5%85%B6%E5%9C%A8%E5%95%86%E6%A8%99%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%94%E5%8A%A9%E6%87%89%E7%94%A8%E3%80%89&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdl.handle.net%2F11296%2Fbaqa92&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：外部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>上的相关多媒体资源：<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Coats_of_arms" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Coats of arms"><span style="font-weight:bold;">紋章</span></a></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93" title="维基文库">维基文库</a>中的相关原始文献：<b><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Dictionary_of_French_Architecture_from_the_11th_to_16th_century/Volume_1/Coat_of_arms" class="extiw" title="s:Dictionary of French Architecture from the 11th to 16th century/Volume 1/Coat of arms">Coat of arms</a></b></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/60px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/80px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE" title="维基数据">维基数据</a>上的相关属性： <ul><li><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/4px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="4" height="4" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/6px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="460" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property_talk:P237" class="extiw" title="d:Property talk:P237">纹章（P237）</a></b>（<span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://query.wikidata.org/embed.html#SELECT%20%3FWikidata_item_%20%3FWikidata_item_Label%20%3Fvalue%20%3FvalueLabel%20%3FChinese_Wikipedia_article%20%23Show%20data%20in%20this%20order%0A%7B%0A%09%3FWikidata_item_%20wdt%3AP237%20%3Fvalue%20.%20%23Collecting%20all%20items%20which%20have%20P237%20data%2C%20from%20whole%20Wikidata%20item%20pages%0A%09OPTIONAL%20%7B%3FChinese_Wikipedia_article%20schema%3Aabout%20%3FWikidata_item_%3B%20schema%3AisPartOf%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2F%3E%20.%7D%20%23If%20collected%20item%20has%20link%20to%20Chinese%20Wikipedia%2C%20show%20that%0A%09SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22zh%22%20%20%7D%20%23Show%20label%20in%20this%20language.%20%22zh%22%20is%20Chinese.%20%20%20%0A%7D%0ALIMIT%201000">使用情况</a></span>）</li><li><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/4px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="4" height="4" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/6px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="460" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property_talk:%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0" class="extiw" title="d:Property talk:紋章">NO LABEL（紋章）</a></b>（<span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://query.wikidata.org/embed.html#SELECT%20%3FWikidata_item_%20%3FWikidata_item_Label%20%3Fvalue%20%3FvalueLabel%20%3FChinese_Wikipedia_article%20%23Show%20data%20in%20this%20order%0A%7B%0A%09%3FWikidata_item_%20wdt%3A紋章%20%3Fvalue%20.%20%23Collecting%20all%20items%20which%20have%20紋章%20data%2C%20from%20whole%20Wikidata%20item%20pages%0A%09OPTIONAL%20%7B%3FChinese_Wikipedia_article%20schema%3Aabout%20%3FWikidata_item_%3B%20schema%3AisPartOf%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2F%3E%20.%7D%20%23If%20collected%20item%20has%20link%20to%20Chinese%20Wikipedia%2C%20show%20that%0A%09SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22zh%22%20%20%7D%20%23Show%20label%20in%20this%20language.%20%22zh%22%20is%20Chinese.%20%20%20%0A%7D%0ALIMIT%201000">使用情况</a></span>）</li></ul></div></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参見"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A6.8B"></span>参見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%8B%E7%AB%A0&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：参見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal plainlist tright" style="margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px"> <ul style="display:table;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0.1em;max-width:175px;background:var(--background-color-base,#f9f9f9);font-size:85%;line-height:110%;font-weight:bold"> <li style="display:table-row"><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/32px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/48px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 1.5x, 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