CINXE.COM
mujeeb ahmed - Academia.edu
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" class="wf-loading"> <head prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns# fb: https://ogp.me/ns/fb# academia: https://ogp.me/ns/fb/academia#"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <title>mujeeb ahmed - Academia.edu</title> <!-- _ _ _ | | (_) | | __ _ ___ __ _ __| | ___ _ __ ___ _ __ _ ___ __| |_ _ / _` |/ __/ _` |/ _` |/ _ \ '_ ` _ \| |/ _` | / _ \/ _` | | | | | (_| | (_| (_| | (_| | __/ | | | | | | (_| || __/ (_| | |_| | \__,_|\___\__,_|\__,_|\___|_| |_| |_|_|\__,_(_)___|\__,_|\__,_| We're hiring! See https://www.academia.edu/hiring --> <link href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-production.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-194x194.png" sizes="194x194"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="manifest" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/manifest.json"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#2b5797"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <script> window.performance && window.performance.measure && window.performance.measure("Time To First Byte", "requestStart", "responseStart"); </script> <script> (function() { if (!window.URLSearchParams || !window.history || !window.history.replaceState) { return; } var searchParams = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search); var paramsToDelete = [ 'fs', 'sm', 'swp', 'iid', 'nbs', 'rcc', // related content category 'rcpos', // related content carousel position 'rcpg', // related carousel page 'rchid', // related content hit id 'f_ri', // research interest id, for SEO tracking 'f_fri', // featured research interest, for SEO tracking (param key without value) 'f_rid', // from research interest directory for SEO tracking 'f_loswp', // from research interest pills on LOSWP sidebar for SEO tracking 'rhid', // referrring hit id ]; if (paramsToDelete.every((key) => searchParams.get(key) === null)) { return; } paramsToDelete.forEach((key) => { searchParams.delete(key); }); var cleanUrl = new URL(window.location.href); cleanUrl.search = searchParams.toString(); history.replaceState({}, document.title, cleanUrl); })(); </script> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "profiles/works", 'action': "summary", 'controller_action': 'profiles/works#summary', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.sendUserTiming = function(timingName) { if (!(window.performance && window.performance.measure)) return; var entries = window.performance.getEntriesByName(timingName, "measure"); if (entries.length !== 1) return; var timingValue = Math.round(entries[0].duration); gtag('event', 'timing_complete', { name: timingName, value: timingValue, event_category: 'User-centric', }); }; window.sendUserTiming("Time To First Byte"); </script> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="xHO3xR91ypwMb0CE2BP7m4eXQCIShesOnqlfzit6ozVVf0AyXTm7N7fPp6xfmwHaYS/fZvzTtljDBPMsWAEpgQ==" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow-77f7b87cb1583fc59aa8f94756ebfe913345937eb932042b4077563bebb5fb4b.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/social/home-1c712297ae3ac71207193b1bae0ecf1aae125886850f62c9c0139dd867630797.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/heading-b2b823dd904da60a48fd1bfa1defd840610c2ff414d3f39ed3af46277ab8df3b.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/button-3cea6e0ad4715ed965c49bfb15dedfc632787b32ff6d8c3a474182b231146ab7.css" /><link crossorigin="" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" rel="preconnect" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,100..1000;1,9..40,100..1000&family=Gupter:wght@400;500;700&family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@300;400&family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20,400,0,0&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/common-10fa40af19d25203774df2d4a03b9b5771b45109c2304968038e88a81d1215c5.css" /> <meta name="author" content="mujeeb ahmed" /> <meta name="description" content="mujeeb ahmed: 7 Followers, 4 Following, 8 Research papers. Research interests: Ocean Engineering, Marine Engineering, and Marine Renewable Energy." /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs" /> <script> var $controller_name = 'works'; var $action_name = "summary"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '49879c2402910372f4abc62630a427bbe033d190'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.Aedu = { hit_data: null }; window.Aedu.SiteStats = {"premium_universities_count":15276,"monthly_visitors":"112 million","monthly_visitor_count":112794806,"monthly_visitor_count_in_millions":112,"user_count":277222115,"paper_count":55203019,"paper_count_in_millions":55,"page_count":432000000,"page_count_in_millions":432,"pdf_count":16500000,"pdf_count_in_millions":16}; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732494219000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732494219000; window.Aedu.isUsingCssV1 = false; window.Aedu.enableLocalization = true; window.Aedu.activateFullstory = false; window.Aedu.serviceAvailability = { status: {"attention_db":"on","bibliography_db":"on","contacts_db":"on","email_db":"on","indexability_db":"on","mentions_db":"on","news_db":"on","notifications_db":"on","offsite_mentions_db":"on","redshift":"on","redshift_exports_db":"on","related_works_db":"on","ring_db":"on","user_tests_db":"on"}, serviceEnabled: function(service) { return this.status[service] === "on"; }, readEnabled: function(service) { return this.serviceEnabled(service) || this.status[service] === "read_only"; }, }; window.Aedu.viewApmTrace = function() { // Check if x-apm-trace-id meta tag is set, and open the trace in APM // in a new window if it is. var apmTraceId = document.head.querySelector('meta[name="x-apm-trace-id"]'); if (apmTraceId) { var traceId = apmTraceId.content; // Use trace ID to construct URL, an example URL looks like: // https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%31298410148923562634 var apmUrl = 'https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%3A' + traceId; window.open(apmUrl, '_blank'); } }; </script> <!--[if lt IE 9]> <script src="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/html5shiv/3.7.2/html5shiv.min.js"></script> <![endif]--> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:100,100i,300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,700,700i,900,900i" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/libraries-a9675dcb01ec4ef6aa807ba772c7a5a00c1820d3ff661c1038a20f80d06bb4e4.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/academia-296162c7af6fd81dcdd76f1a94f1fad04fb5f647401337d136fe8b68742170b1.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system_legacy-056a9113b9a0f5343d013b29ee1929d5a18be35fdcdceb616600b4db8bd20054.css" /> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/runtime-bundle-005434038af4252ca37c527588411a3d6a0eabb5f727fac83f8bbe7fd88d93bb.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/webpack_libraries_and_infrequently_changed.wjs-bundle-8d53a22151f33ab413d88fa1c02f979c3f8706d470fc1bced09852c72a9f3454.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/core_webpack.wjs-bundle-f8fe82512740391f81c9e8cc48220144024b425b359b08194e316f4de070b9e8.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/sentry.wjs-bundle-5fe03fddca915c8ba0f7edbe64c194308e8ce5abaed7bffe1255ff37549c4808.js"></script> <script> jade = window.jade || {}; jade.helpers = window.$h; jade._ = window._; </script> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script id="tag-manager-head-root">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer_old','GTM-5G9JF7Z');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <script> window.gptadslots = []; window.googletag = window.googletag || {}; window.googletag.cmd = window.googletag.cmd || []; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // TODO(jacob): This should be defined, may be rare load order problem. // Checking if null is just a quick fix, will default to en if unset. // Better fix is to run this immedietely after I18n is set. if (window.I18n != null) { I18n.defaultLocale = "en"; I18n.locale = "en"; I18n.fallbacks = true; } </script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://independent.academia.edu/mujeebahmed" /> </head> <!--[if gte IE 9 ]> <body class='ie ie9 c-profiles/works a-summary logged_out'> <![endif]--> <!--[if !(IE) ]><!--> <body class='c-profiles/works a-summary logged_out'> <!--<![endif]--> <div id="fb-root"></div><script>window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId: "2369844204", version: "v8.0", status: true, cookie: true, xfbml: true }); // Additional initialization code. if (window.InitFacebook) { // facebook.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitFacebook(); } else { // Set a flag for facebook.ts to find when it loads. window.academiaAuthReadyFacebook = true; } };</script><script>window.fbAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function if (window.FB) { return; } (function(d, s, id){ var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;} js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); } if (!window.defer_facebook) { // Autoload if not deferred window.fbAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.fbAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="google-root"></div><script>window.loadGoogle = function() { if (window.InitGoogle) { // google.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitGoogle("331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"); } else { // Set a flag for google.ts to use when it loads. window.GoogleClientID = "331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"; } };</script><script>window.googleAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function (function(d) { var js; var id = 'google-jssdk'; var ref = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) { return; } js = d.createElement('script'); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.onload = loadGoogle; js.src = "https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client" ref.parentNode.insertBefore(js, ref); }(document)); } if (!window.defer_google) { // Autoload if not deferred window.googleAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.googleAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="tag-manager-body-root"> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5G9JF7Z" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <!-- Event listeners for analytics --> <script> window.addEventListener('load', function() { if (document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]')) { document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]').addEventListener('click', function() { gtag('event', 'click', { event_category: 'button', event_label: 'Log In' }) }) } }); </script> </div> <script>var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "26766707" }); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })();</script><img src="https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=26766707&cv=2.0&cj=1" style="position: absolute; visibility: hidden" /> <div id='react-modal'></div> <div class='DesignSystem'> <a class='u-showOnFocus' href='#site'> Skip to main content </a> </div> <div id="upgrade_ie_banner" style="display: none;"><p>Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.</p><p>To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to <a href="https://www.academia.edu/upgrade-browser">upgrade your browser</a>.</p></div><script>// Show this banner for all versions of IE if (!!window.MSInputMethodContext || /(MSIE)/.test(navigator.userAgent)) { document.getElementById('upgrade_ie_banner').style.display = 'block'; }</script> <div class="DesignSystem bootstrap ShrinkableNav"><div class="navbar navbar-default main-header"><div class="container-wrapper" id="main-header-container"><div class="container"><div class="navbar-header"><div class="nav-left-wrapper u-mt0x"><div class="nav-logo"><a data-main-header-link-target="logo_home" href="https://www.academia.edu/"><img class="visible-xs-inline-block" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015-A.svg" width="24" height="24" /><img width="145.2" height="18" class="hidden-xs" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015.svg" /></a></div><div class="nav-search"><div class="SiteSearch-wrapper select2-no-default-pills"><form class="js-SiteSearch-form DesignSystem" action="https://www.academia.edu/search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" autocomplete="off" /><i class="SiteSearch-icon fa fa-search u-fw700 u-positionAbsolute u-tcGrayDark"></i><input class="js-SiteSearch-form-input SiteSearch-form-input form-control" data-main-header-click-target="search_input" name="q" placeholder="Search" type="text" value="" /></form></div></div></div><div class="nav-right-wrapper pull-right"><ul class="NavLinks js-main-nav list-unstyled"><li class="NavLinks-link"><a class="js-header-login-url Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" id="nav_log_in" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="NavLinks-link u-p0x"><a class="Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li></ul><button class="hidden-lg hidden-md hidden-sm u-ml4x navbar-toggle collapsed" data-target=".js-mobile-header-links" data-toggle="collapse" type="button"><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span></button></div></div><div class="collapse navbar-collapse js-mobile-header-links"><ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"><a href="#">more <span class="caret"></span></a></li><li><ul class="js-mobile-nav-expand-section nav navbar-nav u-m0x collapse"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://medium.com/@academia">Blog</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><i class="fa fa-briefcase"></i> We're Hiring!</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/"><i class="fa fa-question-circle"></i> Help Center</a></li><li class="js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 dropup" style="display:none"><a href="#">less <span class="caret"></span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><script>(function(){ var $moreLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"); var $lessLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger"); var $section = $('.js-mobile-nav-expand-section'); $moreLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.hide(); $lessLink.show(); $section.collapse('show'); }); $lessLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.show(); $lessLink.hide(); $section.collapse('hide'); }); })() if ($a.is_logged_in() || false) { new Aedu.NavigationController({ el: '.js-main-nav', showHighlightedNotification: false }); } else { $(".js-header-login-url").attr("href", $a.loginUrlWithRedirect()); } Aedu.autocompleteSearch = new AutocompleteSearch({el: '.js-SiteSearch-form'});</script></div></div> <div id='site' class='fixed'> <div id="content" class="clearfix"> <script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(){ var $dismissible = $(".dismissible_banner"); $dismissible.click(function(ev) { $dismissible.hide(); }); });</script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/profile.wjs-bundle-9601d1cc3d68aa07c0a9901d03d3611aec04cc07d2a2039718ebef4ad4d148ca.js" defer="defer"></script><script>Aedu.rankings = { showPaperRankingsLink: false } $viewedUser = Aedu.User.set_viewed( {"id":6012405,"first_name":"mujeeb","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"ahmed","page_name":"mujeebahmed","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2013-10-07T23:19:15.292-07:00","display_name":"mujeeb ahmed","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mujeebahmed","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png","has_photo":false,"is_analytics_public":false,"interests":[{"id":81,"name":"Ocean Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ocean_Engineering"},{"id":15532,"name":"Marine Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Engineering"},{"id":2800,"name":"Marine Renewable Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Renewable_Energy"},{"id":13445,"name":"Multiobjective Optimization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multiobjective_Optimization"},{"id":3172,"name":"Wave Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wave_Energy"},{"id":117188,"name":"Marine riser and pipeline","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_riser_and_pipeline"}]} ); if ($a.is_logged_in() && $viewedUser.is_current_user()) { $('body').addClass('profile-viewed-by-owner'); } $socialProfiles = []</script><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://independent.academia.edu/mujeebahmed","location":"/mujeebahmed","scheme":"https","host":"independent.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/mujeebahmed","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate" data-props="{}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-40974710-04ad-490b-9225-fb0f73a0998d"></div> <div id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-40974710-04ad-490b-9225-fb0f73a0998d"></div> <div class="DesignSystem"><div class="onsite-ping" id="onsite-ping"></div></div><div class="profile-user-info DesignSystem"><div class="social-profile-container"><div class="left-panel-container"><div class="user-info-component-wrapper"><div class="user-summary-cta-container"><div class="user-summary-container"><div class="social-profile-avatar-container"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" border="0" alt="" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">mujeeb ahmed</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-cta-container"><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-follow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.follow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-follow-button" data-follow-user-fname="mujeeb" data-follow-user-id="6012405" data-follow-user-source="profile_button" data-has-google="false"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">add</span>Follow</button><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-unfollow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.unfollow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-unfollow-button" data-unfollow-user-id="6012405"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">done</span>Following</button></div></div><div class="user-stats-container"><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followers"><p class="label">Followers</p><p class="data">7</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followees" data-broccoli-component="user-info.followees-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-following"><p class="label">Following</p><p class="data">4</p></div></a><a href="/mujeebahmed/mentions"><div class="stat-container"><p class="label">Mentions</p><p class="data">1</p></div></a><span><div class="stat-container"><p class="label"><span class="js-profile-total-view-text">Public Views</span></p><p class="data"><span class="js-profile-view-count"></span></p></div></span></div><div class="ri-section"><div class="ri-section-header"><span>Interests</span><a class="ri-more-link js-profile-ri-list-card" data-click-track="profile-user-info-primary-research-interest" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6012405">View All (6)</a></div><div class="ri-tags-container"><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6012405" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ocean_Engineering"><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://independent.academia.edu/mujeebahmed","location":"/mujeebahmed","scheme":"https","host":"independent.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/mujeebahmed","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Ocean Engineering"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-6812a968-43b1-4ebb-99f8-f15b82a55741"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-6812a968-43b1-4ebb-99f8-f15b82a55741"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6012405" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Engineering"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Marine Engineering"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-83b4255d-ff97-4498-8de5-4806714794a8"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-83b4255d-ff97-4498-8de5-4806714794a8"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6012405" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Renewable_Energy"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Marine Renewable Energy"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-e5396509-64bf-4a9a-b6fc-e641a68e24b5"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-e5396509-64bf-4a9a-b6fc-e641a68e24b5"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6012405" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multiobjective_Optimization"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Multiobjective Optimization"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-55cd070f-3cf7-4533-98fb-4f16f99b6d89"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-55cd070f-3cf7-4533-98fb-4f16f99b6d89"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6012405" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wave_Energy"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Wave Energy"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-ce5ff553-3ede-4292-a9b8-fc895f632bb9"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-ce5ff553-3ede-4292-a9b8-fc895f632bb9"></div> </a></div></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by mujeeb ahmed</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="84633199"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/84633199/Probabilistic_Damage_Stability_for_Passenger_Ships_The_p_Factor_Illusion_and_Reality"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Probabilistic Damage Stability for Passenger Ships鈥擳he p-Factor Illusion and Reality" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89587104/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/84633199/Probabilistic_Damage_Stability_for_Passenger_Ships_The_p_Factor_Illusion_and_Reality">Probabilistic Damage Stability for Passenger Ships鈥擳he p-Factor Illusion and Reality</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Marine Science and Engineering</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The paper complements an earlier publication by the authors addressing the probability of surviva...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The paper complements an earlier publication by the authors addressing the probability of survival in the IMO framework for damage stability assessment, the s-factor. The focus here is on the probability of occurrence of a certain damage scenario (breach), conditional on its dimensions and location (centre and port or starboard side), the p-factor. Pertinent assumptions and limitations are explained, following its evolution for specific application to passenger ships. Attempts to provide analytical descriptions of the damage breach distributions as tetrahedra shapes positioned along the ship length whilst accounting for changes in ship geometry, structural arrangements, and subdivision for consumption by the wider profession has led to misconceptions and misunderstandings of what exactly the p-factor is in the context of probabilistic damage stability calculations. This is evidenced by the fact that the same original damage breach distributions, derived in Project HARDER, based on l...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5c94f31984aa281c48560961f9baf34f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89587104,"asset_id":84633199,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89587104/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84633199"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84633199"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84633199; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=84633199]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=84633199]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84633199; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='84633199']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 84633199, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "5c94f31984aa281c48560961f9baf34f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=84633199]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":84633199,"title":"Probabilistic Damage Stability for Passenger Ships鈥擳he p-Factor Illusion and Reality","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The paper complements an earlier publication by the authors addressing the probability of survival in the IMO framework for damage stability assessment, the s-factor. The focus here is on the probability of occurrence of a certain damage scenario (breach), conditional on its dimensions and location (centre and port or starboard side), the p-factor. Pertinent assumptions and limitations are explained, following its evolution for specific application to passenger ships. Attempts to provide analytical descriptions of the damage breach distributions as tetrahedra shapes positioned along the ship length whilst accounting for changes in ship geometry, structural arrangements, and subdivision for consumption by the wider profession has led to misconceptions and misunderstandings of what exactly the p-factor is in the context of probabilistic damage stability calculations. This is evidenced by the fact that the same original damage breach distributions, derived in Project HARDER, based on l...","publisher":"MDPI AG","publication_name":"Journal of Marine Science and Engineering"},"translated_abstract":"The paper complements an earlier publication by the authors addressing the probability of survival in the IMO framework for damage stability assessment, the s-factor. The focus here is on the probability of occurrence of a certain damage scenario (breach), conditional on its dimensions and location (centre and port or starboard side), the p-factor. Pertinent assumptions and limitations are explained, following its evolution for specific application to passenger ships. Attempts to provide analytical descriptions of the damage breach distributions as tetrahedra shapes positioned along the ship length whilst accounting for changes in ship geometry, structural arrangements, and subdivision for consumption by the wider profession has led to misconceptions and misunderstandings of what exactly the p-factor is in the context of probabilistic damage stability calculations. This is evidenced by the fact that the same original damage breach distributions, derived in Project HARDER, based on l...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/84633199/Probabilistic_Damage_Stability_for_Passenger_Ships_The_p_Factor_Illusion_and_Reality","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-08-13T09:06:22.001-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":6012405,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":89587104,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89587104/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"jmse-10-00348.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89587104/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Probabilistic_Damage_Stability_for_Passe.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/89587104/jmse-10-00348-libre.pdf?1660409626=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DProbabilistic_Damage_Stability_for_Passe.pdf\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=eFXTwwPUcT6-rqwReqEILbAw7I1TnKiDYOT~W9xLv0oySdgb0Ps2DENpoLYnXpIV9sRkkqO4lGTq~qofzlQhlZzpsk08VFo~1T8EUaZBaZx2S8jbL9C2VECrkcKqhRTxmCqEO7iebqktF~GTQqqBFYBC5GhR3nN7uv01uNIWTOCWpnTWeaE3cWNbSTE4klk1G2dvAOJj1W1t0swVd19cRiis5yX1jtRUF7GcOUdkT8aK0BuXUbyv6NAffLdyxXdVwMBegU3ZmeIfjvSstLltI3SyZO4D1x9k2huTrx6F8n-DfQ4lYW~WkSv6FKONdbcw-oF3ci9ClpSiONWRWqSqKQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Probabilistic_Damage_Stability_for_Passenger_Ships_The_p_Factor_Illusion_and_Reality","translated_slug":"","page_count":25,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":6012405,"first_name":"mujeeb","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"ahmed","page_name":"mujeebahmed","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2013-10-07T23:19:15.292-07:00","display_name":"mujeeb ahmed","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mujeebahmed"},"attachments":[{"id":89587104,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89587104/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"jmse-10-00348.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89587104/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Probabilistic_Damage_Stability_for_Passe.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/89587104/jmse-10-00348-libre.pdf?1660409626=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DProbabilistic_Damage_Stability_for_Passe.pdf\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=eFXTwwPUcT6-rqwReqEILbAw7I1TnKiDYOT~W9xLv0oySdgb0Ps2DENpoLYnXpIV9sRkkqO4lGTq~qofzlQhlZzpsk08VFo~1T8EUaZBaZx2S8jbL9C2VECrkcKqhRTxmCqEO7iebqktF~GTQqqBFYBC5GhR3nN7uv01uNIWTOCWpnTWeaE3cWNbSTE4klk1G2dvAOJj1W1t0swVd19cRiis5yX1jtRUF7GcOUdkT8aK0BuXUbyv6NAffLdyxXdVwMBegU3ZmeIfjvSstLltI3SyZO4D1x9k2huTrx6F8n-DfQ4lYW~WkSv6FKONdbcw-oF3ci9ClpSiONWRWqSqKQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":89587105,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89587105/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"jmse-10-00348.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89587105/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Probabilistic_Damage_Stability_for_Passe.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/89587105/jmse-10-00348-libre.pdf?1660409634=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DProbabilistic_Damage_Stability_for_Passe.pdf\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=MLSHkGSR449Gnb6k4vebLU4nwUlBIlL6s0qMck~kGBA6CVU6803LyjaP8ZKoEVYJWRgJMK7aC~VurqtW1gvF9MIsi~iUwt0Mfsz4nKMPSgcD7NfqBEooL8ann9~tzB99inJ3cl8F48Ngrmo98BjZx7ftI-eCAB-lFQINjGplBzfWDhpmBIBMnOPL8G7b5ZcBX3QSS7NtPAuQ3dJDu7BA8gvEXmOAP73xQS8j2-1SmHiZX-EhtjUnmqNCKu3sPCHSUYXNLx3vtKDGcM4knNGYEJeSK~fz85DN1RDcXfl0Wk-OIfKELHmnZwA9CDP3OrD1VnGdzp~qsT1I~gFPWz1dRA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":43610,"name":"Probabilistic Logic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Probabilistic_Logic"}],"urls":[{"id":22870308,"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/3/348/pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="84633188"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/84633188/Conception_and_Evolution_of_the_Probabilistic_Methods_for_Ship_Damage_Stability_and_Flooding_Risk_Assessment"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Conception and Evolution of the Probabilistic Methods for Ship Damage Stability and Flooding Risk Assessment" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89587094/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/84633188/Conception_and_Evolution_of_the_Probabilistic_Methods_for_Ship_Damage_Stability_and_Flooding_Risk_Assessment">Conception and Evolution of the Probabilistic Methods for Ship Damage Stability and Flooding Risk Assessment</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Marine Science and Engineering</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The paper provides a full description and explanation of the probabilistic method for ship damage...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The paper provides a full description and explanation of the probabilistic method for ship damage stability assessment from its conception to date with focus on the probability of survival (s-factor), explaining pertinent assumptions and limitations and describing its evolution for specific application to passenger ships, using contemporary numerical and experimental tools and data. It also provides comparisons in results between statistical and direct approaches and makes recommendations on how these can be reconciled with better understanding of the implicit assumptions in the approach for use in ship design and operation. Evolution over the latter years to support pertinent regulatory developments relating to flooding risk (safety level) assessment as well as research in this direction with a focus on passenger ships, have created a new focus that combines all flooding hazards (collision, bottom and side groundings) to assess potential loss of life as a means of guiding further r...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5522a8d1efd01a697891567871f31dd2" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89587094,"asset_id":84633188,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89587094/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84633188"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84633188"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84633188; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=84633188]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=84633188]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84633188; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='84633188']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 84633188, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "5522a8d1efd01a697891567871f31dd2" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=84633188]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":84633188,"title":"Conception and Evolution of the Probabilistic Methods for Ship Damage Stability and Flooding Risk Assessment","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The paper provides a full description and explanation of the probabilistic method for ship damage stability assessment from its conception to date with focus on the probability of survival (s-factor), explaining pertinent assumptions and limitations and describing its evolution for specific application to passenger ships, using contemporary numerical and experimental tools and data. It also provides comparisons in results between statistical and direct approaches and makes recommendations on how these can be reconciled with better understanding of the implicit assumptions in the approach for use in ship design and operation. Evolution over the latter years to support pertinent regulatory developments relating to flooding risk (safety level) assessment as well as research in this direction with a focus on passenger ships, have created a new focus that combines all flooding hazards (collision, bottom and side groundings) to assess potential loss of life as a means of guiding further r...","publisher":"MDPI AG","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Marine Science and Engineering"},"translated_abstract":"The paper provides a full description and explanation of the probabilistic method for ship damage stability assessment from its conception to date with focus on the probability of survival (s-factor), explaining pertinent assumptions and limitations and describing its evolution for specific application to passenger ships, using contemporary numerical and experimental tools and data. It also provides comparisons in results between statistical and direct approaches and makes recommendations on how these can be reconciled with better understanding of the implicit assumptions in the approach for use in ship design and operation. Evolution over the latter years to support pertinent regulatory developments relating to flooding risk (safety level) assessment as well as research in this direction with a focus on passenger ships, have created a new focus that combines all flooding hazards (collision, bottom and side groundings) to assess potential loss of life as a means of guiding further r...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/84633188/Conception_and_Evolution_of_the_Probabilistic_Methods_for_Ship_Damage_Stability_and_Flooding_Risk_Assessment","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-08-13T09:06:07.351-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":6012405,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":89587094,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89587094/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89587094/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Conception_and_Evolution_of_the_Probabil.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/89587094/pdf-libre.pdf?1660409648=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DConception_and_Evolution_of_the_Probabil.pdf\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=Bp~C-Hp8Jwu8CS7qP4GLLUpuIVv1zUvnrkyi4ApyFNgEeydJqtG7In-szyYvPBAxcO9T8V~GP~3rX81enQT4~dGxJ1BIgDp9QZKoDZS0LLcVOI2elOVkQwEJwQEUqxWtrioB7EWVj2CxgvhyUM2Ar32OxEHHOql~f1qcidncI-t5Z1wXg~dnuf3Pg6AFwmqNupTwudsUSm~LezFTgRgLlhdqPj0pWo9Tgr2ziCSRoh3g1gJCnPDq~OSYSG4jWhgGlnJKwsAJsl-DPGenaKWUgG3Amjn-~R07j6jq52N9uEDflNP5yw3KXSv-gDc-8gwtazbOPWQe9L42wY6bjqhrjw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Conception_and_Evolution_of_the_Probabilistic_Methods_for_Ship_Damage_Stability_and_Flooding_Risk_Assessment","translated_slug":"","page_count":19,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":6012405,"first_name":"mujeeb","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"ahmed","page_name":"mujeebahmed","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2013-10-07T23:19:15.292-07:00","display_name":"mujeeb ahmed","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mujeebahmed"},"attachments":[{"id":89587094,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89587094/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89587094/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Conception_and_Evolution_of_the_Probabil.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/89587094/pdf-libre.pdf?1660409648=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DConception_and_Evolution_of_the_Probabil.pdf\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=Bp~C-Hp8Jwu8CS7qP4GLLUpuIVv1zUvnrkyi4ApyFNgEeydJqtG7In-szyYvPBAxcO9T8V~GP~3rX81enQT4~dGxJ1BIgDp9QZKoDZS0LLcVOI2elOVkQwEJwQEUqxWtrioB7EWVj2CxgvhyUM2Ar32OxEHHOql~f1qcidncI-t5Z1wXg~dnuf3Pg6AFwmqNupTwudsUSm~LezFTgRgLlhdqPj0pWo9Tgr2ziCSRoh3g1gJCnPDq~OSYSG4jWhgGlnJKwsAJsl-DPGenaKWUgG3Amjn-~R07j6jq52N9uEDflNP5yw3KXSv-gDc-8gwtazbOPWQe9L42wY6bjqhrjw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science"},{"id":43610,"name":"Probabilistic Logic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Probabilistic_Logic"},{"id":3143219,"name":"VM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/VM"}],"urls":[{"id":22870300,"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/9/6/667/pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67467721"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/67467721/Comparison_of_numerical_approaches_for_structural_response_analysis_of_passenger_ships_in_collisions_and_groundings"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of numerical approaches for structural response analysis of passenger ships in collisions and groundings" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/67467721/Comparison_of_numerical_approaches_for_structural_response_analysis_of_passenger_ships_in_collisions_and_groundings">Comparison of numerical approaches for structural response analysis of passenger ships in collisions and groundings</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Marine Structures</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67467721"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67467721"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67467721; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67467721]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67467721]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67467721; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67467721']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67467721, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67467721]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67467721,"title":"Comparison of numerical approaches for structural response analysis of passenger ships in collisions and groundings","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_name":"Marine Structures"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67467721/Comparison_of_numerical_approaches_for_structural_response_analysis_of_passenger_ships_in_collisions_and_groundings","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-06T22:33:16.425-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":6012405,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Comparison_of_numerical_approaches_for_structural_response_analysis_of_passenger_ships_in_collisions_and_groundings","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":6012405,"first_name":"mujeeb","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"ahmed","page_name":"mujeebahmed","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2013-10-07T23:19:15.292-07:00","display_name":"mujeeb ahmed","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mujeebahmed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering"},{"id":120330,"name":"Marine Structures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Structures"},{"id":471104,"name":"Maritime Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maritime_Engineering"}],"urls":[{"id":16191435,"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0951833921001763?httpAccept=text/xml"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67467720"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/67467720/Effect_of_mooring_line_layout_on_the_loads_of_ship_shaped_offshore_installations"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effect of mooring line layout on the loads of ship-shaped offshore installations" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/67467720/Effect_of_mooring_line_layout_on_the_loads_of_ship_shaped_offshore_installations">Effect of mooring line layout on the loads of ship-shaped offshore installations</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Ocean Engineering</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67467720"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67467720"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67467720; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67467720]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67467720]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67467720; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67467720']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67467720, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67467720]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67467720,"title":"Effect of mooring line layout on the loads of ship-shaped offshore installations","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67467720/Effect_of_mooring_line_layout_on_the_loads_of_ship_shaped_offshore_installations","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-06T22:33:15.660-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":6012405,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Effect_of_mooring_line_layout_on_the_loads_of_ship_shaped_offshore_installations","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":6012405,"first_name":"mujeeb","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"ahmed","page_name":"mujeebahmed","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2013-10-07T23:19:15.292-07:00","display_name":"mujeeb ahmed","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mujeebahmed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering"},{"id":81,"name":"Ocean Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ocean_Engineering"},{"id":471104,"name":"Maritime Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maritime_Engineering"}],"urls":[{"id":16191434,"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0029801821014001?httpAccept=text/xml"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67467719"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/67467719/Computational_models_for_the_structural_crashworthiness_analysis_of_a_fixed_type_offshore_platform_in_collisions_with_an_offshore_supply_vessel"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Computational models for the structural crashworthiness analysis of a fixed-type offshore platform in collisions with an offshore supply vessel" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78274025/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67467719/Computational_models_for_the_structural_crashworthiness_analysis_of_a_fixed_type_offshore_platform_in_collisions_with_an_offshore_supply_vessel">Computational models for the structural crashworthiness analysis of a fixed-type offshore platform in collisions with an offshore supply vessel</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Thin-Walled Structures</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="dafff6def88aa077420025651dcad588" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78274025,"asset_id":67467719,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78274025/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67467719"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67467719"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67467719; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67467719]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67467719]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67467719; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67467719']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67467719, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "dafff6def88aa077420025651dcad588" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67467719]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67467719,"title":"Computational models for the structural crashworthiness analysis of a fixed-type offshore platform in collisions with an offshore supply vessel","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Elsevier BV","grobid_abstract":"The aim of this paper was to develop practical modelling techniques for the structural crashworthiness analysis in collisions between a fixed-type offshore platform and an offshore supply vessel (OSV). The computational models used nonlinear finite element method involving large deformations (strains) of both vessel and offshore platform, dynamic effects of material (e.g., strain rate and dynamic fracture strain), and the influence of surrounding waters. The applicability of the modelling techniques was demonstrated with an applied example to collisions between an OSV and a jacket-type offshore platform, where a sensitivity analysis was carried out for different collision parameters (e.g., collision velocities and impact locations). It is concluded that the computational models can ultimately be employed for quantitative risk assessment of fixed-type offshore structures collided with an OSV, which requires to perform the structural crashworthiness analysis.","publication_name":"Thin-Walled Structures","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":78274025},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67467719/Computational_models_for_the_structural_crashworthiness_analysis_of_a_fixed_type_offshore_platform_in_collisions_with_an_offshore_supply_vessel","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-06T22:33:15.453-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":6012405,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78274025,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78274025/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Accepted_20manuscript.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78274025/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Computational_models_for_the_structural.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78274025/Accepted_20manuscript-libre.pdf?1641546724=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DComputational_models_for_the_structural.pdf\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=bIhZRakEUYzZ2BwxF~tL7K3othT~redXT~JXQh5mS5Lr2lx0mpqw3EH-WSOcQCNX2nrMmxhbSD2q6RW2lMwhHqXZf~S0StWRc9Obu47VDAD~c5Ri90v4wEk0mu2zq0tQg9pfrJme5MG6YVdkcp5PhpnI9LpD3rEwLDJ3udje6zBdvPncZyHurCWZMWRPC~QumZmmCyzcyvIeUBBlQxYTL0DzGBhg4cUoBKaASvfzyivgs6qdsz4ZvBmbceuSS~KOv5gjt8ZxRAtWKyzfiYjaCsTzbmy9D6TiX6nPaHEHmmh2FGiTGLeGPx9W2Y4hVSk2ZAFFm89jlra~eeNK76VRgQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Computational_models_for_the_structural_crashworthiness_analysis_of_a_fixed_type_offshore_platform_in_collisions_with_an_offshore_supply_vessel","translated_slug":"","page_count":38,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":6012405,"first_name":"mujeeb","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"ahmed","page_name":"mujeebahmed","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2013-10-07T23:19:15.292-07:00","display_name":"mujeeb ahmed","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mujeebahmed"},"attachments":[{"id":78274025,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78274025/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Accepted_20manuscript.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78274025/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Computational_models_for_the_structural.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78274025/Accepted_20manuscript-libre.pdf?1641546724=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DComputational_models_for_the_structural.pdf\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=bIhZRakEUYzZ2BwxF~tL7K3othT~redXT~JXQh5mS5Lr2lx0mpqw3EH-WSOcQCNX2nrMmxhbSD2q6RW2lMwhHqXZf~S0StWRc9Obu47VDAD~c5Ri90v4wEk0mu2zq0tQg9pfrJme5MG6YVdkcp5PhpnI9LpD3rEwLDJ3udje6zBdvPncZyHurCWZMWRPC~QumZmmCyzcyvIeUBBlQxYTL0DzGBhg4cUoBKaASvfzyivgs6qdsz4ZvBmbceuSS~KOv5gjt8ZxRAtWKyzfiYjaCsTzbmy9D6TiX6nPaHEHmmh2FGiTGLeGPx9W2Y4hVSk2ZAFFm89jlra~eeNK76VRgQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering"},{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering"},{"id":88,"name":"Aerospace Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aerospace_Engineering"},{"id":466874,"name":"Thin Walled Structures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thin_Walled_Structures"}],"urls":[{"id":16191433,"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0263823120307461?httpAccept=text/xml"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67467717"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/67467717/Quantitative_collision_risk_assessment_of_a_fixed_type_offshore_platform_with_an_offshore_supply_vessel"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Quantitative collision risk assessment of a fixed-type offshore platform with an offshore supply vessel" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78273973/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67467717/Quantitative_collision_risk_assessment_of_a_fixed_type_offshore_platform_with_an_offshore_supply_vessel">Quantitative collision risk assessment of a fixed-type offshore platform with an offshore supply vessel</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Structures</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="17f70eb19ce0e010b2b6b6841efa0866" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78273973,"asset_id":67467717,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78273973/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67467717"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67467717"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67467717; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67467717]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67467717]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67467717; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67467717']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67467717, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "17f70eb19ce0e010b2b6b6841efa0866" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67467717]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67467717,"title":"Quantitative collision risk assessment of a fixed-type offshore platform with an offshore supply vessel","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_name":"Structures"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67467717/Quantitative_collision_risk_assessment_of_a_fixed_type_offshore_platform_with_an_offshore_supply_vessel","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-06T22:33:15.189-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":6012405,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78273973,"title":"","file_type":"txt","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78273973/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"PII_S2352012420303015.txt","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78273973/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Quantitative_collision_risk_assessment_o.txt","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78273973/PII_S2352012420303015.txt?1641537195=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DQuantitative_collision_risk_assessment_o.txt\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=WASJmTXlkt6chTAf5pBl7C~kr77hhapl8USJdoVYoYQI1dNq2gB7i9uaVnDkOQWVGGwjjUZV~czQOrj2K41Y5RlP~4zUd4Se9ZIdRIr5aKUHXOSkUAoaQ5V-c9UiZq~I6QEobrTxZLxnrzqlMl0endzdR7hRmeWOgA408XH~49ct5HNN~JEqDwnF1hXUPBw21bUsWB~oIMCakTJjMya4aSDDXnT0T-sTOyXAifbAc6~fyYJH06072SyAwNOa8zWbnJl5X02J5btT5WGEt7wLPrhC5Ox0hmEtSsw0bom2CUfnQGHZMRMilkRXBIkICrectEUATkWK~kd6Z34KjjH18A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Quantitative_collision_risk_assessment_of_a_fixed_type_offshore_platform_with_an_offshore_supply_vessel","translated_slug":"","page_count":1,"language":"xxx","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":6012405,"first_name":"mujeeb","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"ahmed","page_name":"mujeebahmed","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2013-10-07T23:19:15.292-07:00","display_name":"mujeeb ahmed","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mujeebahmed"},"attachments":[{"id":78273973,"title":"","file_type":"txt","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78273973/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"PII_S2352012420303015.txt","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78273973/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Quantitative_collision_risk_assessment_o.txt","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78273973/PII_S2352012420303015.txt?1641537195=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DQuantitative_collision_risk_assessment_o.txt\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=WASJmTXlkt6chTAf5pBl7C~kr77hhapl8USJdoVYoYQI1dNq2gB7i9uaVnDkOQWVGGwjjUZV~czQOrj2K41Y5RlP~4zUd4Se9ZIdRIr5aKUHXOSkUAoaQ5V-c9UiZq~I6QEobrTxZLxnrzqlMl0endzdR7hRmeWOgA408XH~49ct5HNN~JEqDwnF1hXUPBw21bUsWB~oIMCakTJjMya4aSDDXnT0T-sTOyXAifbAc6~fyYJH06072SyAwNOa8zWbnJl5X02J5btT5WGEt7wLPrhC5Ox0hmEtSsw0bom2CUfnQGHZMRMilkRXBIkICrectEUATkWK~kd6Z34KjjH18A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72773,"name":"Structures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Structures"}],"urls":[{"id":16191432,"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S2352012420303015?httpAccept=text/xml"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67467716"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/67467716/A_probabilistic_approach_to_determine_design_loads_for_collision_between_an_offshore_supply_vessel_and_offshore_installations"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A probabilistic approach to determine design loads for collision between an offshore supply vessel and offshore installations" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78274020/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67467716/A_probabilistic_approach_to_determine_design_loads_for_collision_between_an_offshore_supply_vessel_and_offshore_installations">A probabilistic approach to determine design loads for collision between an offshore supply vessel and offshore installations</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Ocean Engineering</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2f944cca22f1968b0512c90581848009" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78274020,"asset_id":67467716,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78274020/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67467716"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67467716"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67467716; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67467716]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67467716]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67467716; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67467716']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67467716, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "2f944cca22f1968b0512c90581848009" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67467716]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67467716,"title":"A probabilistic approach to determine design loads for collision between an offshore supply vessel and offshore installations","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Elsevier BV","grobid_abstract":"Offshore supply vessel (OSV) collisions have been identified as the most frequent type of collision accidents in the offshore oil / gas or wind turbine industries. Quantitative risk assessment (QRA) is an efficient method for evaluating the collision risk to an offshore installation. In-depth information on collision load parameters, such as incoming ship velocity and impact location, is considered prerequisite for determining the consequences of collisions with accuracy. Thus, the aim of this study is to provide a new probabilistic method for determining collision design loads. Each input parameter is treated by a probability density function, and a set of 50 prospective collision scenarios is generated using Latin hyper cube sampling (LHS) technique. Numerical computations of ship motions are performed to obtain collision load parameters. The probabilistic characteristics of the parameters using a goodness of fit test and an interval study are carried out, and best-fit PDFs and the exceedance curve are plotted. A case study of the proposed method is demonstrated using a hypothetical OSV and an offshore jacket structure located in a hypothetical oceanic region. The details of the computations are documented, and the findings of the study are discussed.","publication_name":"Ocean Engineering","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":78274020},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67467716/A_probabilistic_approach_to_determine_design_loads_for_collision_between_an_offshore_supply_vessel_and_offshore_installations","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-06T22:33:14.930-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":6012405,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78274020,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78274020/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"A_20probabilistic_20approach_20to_20determine_20design_20loads_20for_20collision_20between_20an_20offshore_20supply_20vessel_20and_20off.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78274020/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_probabilistic_approach_to_determine_de.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78274020/A_20probabilistic_20approach_20to_20determine_20design_20loads_20for_20collision_20between_20an_20offshore_20supply_20vessel_20and_20off-libre.pdf?1641546717=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_probabilistic_approach_to_determine_de.pdf\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=JFIr03bgzB299~5qDw6wppzLnckzQZ-QM25J5hOexzNVIhjDiVQbL3XwfmHbP9XFBF9-2hYYSOIyfQPS-b70MKs7svqq7ESlUmvnXu9MiDv1FEpvhWJAXFf4VGs2Xuo1BVxqpld8E6J~m~sIKC7BMXu3ZC0PhAiGL0xY~~2-4xhqDrUYn4GmW7sg3nsfWbJFJfuwopicjUY6b4tRYKX7McJz7HM5snoFKsGgv2IHosEgg4mZbgrozdhuFHZa~~l673nmscSeBWPaRoB5Dz1EuuGDErmW1swC~ng2LDFykbtHYhJMWJ47JeeRqUfJhzcNgZHpTQQADwui4BFwkzd1XQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"A_probabilistic_approach_to_determine_design_loads_for_collision_between_an_offshore_supply_vessel_and_offshore_installations","translated_slug":"","page_count":16,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":6012405,"first_name":"mujeeb","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"ahmed","page_name":"mujeebahmed","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2013-10-07T23:19:15.292-07:00","display_name":"mujeeb ahmed","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mujeebahmed"},"attachments":[{"id":78274020,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78274020/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"A_20probabilistic_20approach_20to_20determine_20design_20loads_20for_20collision_20between_20an_20offshore_20supply_20vessel_20and_20off.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78274020/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_probabilistic_approach_to_determine_de.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78274020/A_20probabilistic_20approach_20to_20determine_20design_20loads_20for_20collision_20between_20an_20offshore_20supply_20vessel_20and_20off-libre.pdf?1641546717=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_probabilistic_approach_to_determine_de.pdf\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=JFIr03bgzB299~5qDw6wppzLnckzQZ-QM25J5hOexzNVIhjDiVQbL3XwfmHbP9XFBF9-2hYYSOIyfQPS-b70MKs7svqq7ESlUmvnXu9MiDv1FEpvhWJAXFf4VGs2Xuo1BVxqpld8E6J~m~sIKC7BMXu3ZC0PhAiGL0xY~~2-4xhqDrUYn4GmW7sg3nsfWbJFJfuwopicjUY6b4tRYKX7McJz7HM5snoFKsGgv2IHosEgg4mZbgrozdhuFHZa~~l673nmscSeBWPaRoB5Dz1EuuGDErmW1swC~ng2LDFykbtHYhJMWJ47JeeRqUfJhzcNgZHpTQQADwui4BFwkzd1XQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering"},{"id":81,"name":"Ocean Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ocean_Engineering"},{"id":471104,"name":"Maritime Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maritime_Engineering"}],"urls":[{"id":16191431,"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S002980181832153X?httpAccept=text/xml"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67467488"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/67467488/Probabilistic_approach_for_collision_risk_analysis_of_powered_vessel_with_offshore_platforms"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Probabilistic approach for collision risk analysis of powered vessel with offshore platforms" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78273878/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67467488/Probabilistic_approach_for_collision_risk_analysis_of_powered_vessel_with_offshore_platforms">Probabilistic approach for collision risk analysis of powered vessel with offshore platforms</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Ocean Engineering</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7cefa26f9840e5b9227dd4dabf78371d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78273878,"asset_id":67467488,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78273878/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67467488"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67467488"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67467488; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67467488]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67467488]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67467488; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67467488']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67467488, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "7cefa26f9840e5b9227dd4dabf78371d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67467488]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67467488,"title":"Probabilistic approach for collision risk analysis of powered vessel with offshore platforms","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Elsevier BV","grobid_abstract":"The continuous increase in marine traffic and the construction of several offshore installations has led to a serious concern regarding the risks to offshore platforms from ship collisions. The main aim of this study was to carry out a probabilistic collision-risk analysis for offshore platforms exposed to powered collisions with passing vessels using an automatic identification system (AIS) database. The paper first describes the statistical distribution of the ship traffic under study and then considers how this information can be effectively used to estimate collision frequencies and impact energies for various categories of vessel, based on a simple probabilistic method. The effects of various collision mitigation measures, such as the use of enhanced collision alarming devices and the ability of platforms to rotate using thrusters, are considered in the frequency calculations. The risk method presented in this paper can be applied in the design and development phase of both new and existing platforms.","publication_name":"Ocean Engineering","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":78273878},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67467488/Probabilistic_approach_for_collision_risk_analysis_of_powered_vessel_with_offshore_platforms","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-06T22:31:35.899-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":6012405,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78273878,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78273878/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Paik_OE-D-17-00166R2-_20Manuscript-final.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78273878/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Probabilistic_approach_for_collision_ris.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78273878/Paik_OE-D-17-00166R2-_20Manuscript-final-libre.pdf?1641546727=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DProbabilistic_approach_for_collision_ris.pdf\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=WaSZHc4owFqNK1-KYsLJJxiDy2yqvh4B0oJp9KXCbrsk9AcRQpAw98FSAPZ-1a4Si2y80wmj5huGGH4msCWnUwuNhAP-UnUMQxsqpOmO8najdt4MzoIDSD4t4Usawlngr8nBav9LBWd49uK94pCV-pa2hT5HJAo~3L6cLaXON6P0-wvyNw75MXUvh66nl2Xl55JlMLykGOy5KtXj37bYZ3pVeysqD06CyxVxWvFUSupWzb~9SUeAGUVBXxtg933r7OFX5OA0zH1gZux0DHCeg4hr8fms7WEHS6NLxP5NI57zsRmTJLsF63CGqhZ~-aIn0DUjgkCFisU88-GEDGtjQA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Probabilistic_approach_for_collision_risk_analysis_of_powered_vessel_with_offshore_platforms","translated_slug":"","page_count":34,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":6012405,"first_name":"mujeeb","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"ahmed","page_name":"mujeebahmed","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2013-10-07T23:19:15.292-07:00","display_name":"mujeeb ahmed","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mujeebahmed"},"attachments":[{"id":78273878,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78273878/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Paik_OE-D-17-00166R2-_20Manuscript-final.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78273878/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Probabilistic_approach_for_collision_ris.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78273878/Paik_OE-D-17-00166R2-_20Manuscript-final-libre.pdf?1641546727=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DProbabilistic_approach_for_collision_ris.pdf\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=WaSZHc4owFqNK1-KYsLJJxiDy2yqvh4B0oJp9KXCbrsk9AcRQpAw98FSAPZ-1a4Si2y80wmj5huGGH4msCWnUwuNhAP-UnUMQxsqpOmO8najdt4MzoIDSD4t4Usawlngr8nBav9LBWd49uK94pCV-pa2hT5HJAo~3L6cLaXON6P0-wvyNw75MXUvh66nl2Xl55JlMLykGOy5KtXj37bYZ3pVeysqD06CyxVxWvFUSupWzb~9SUeAGUVBXxtg933r7OFX5OA0zH1gZux0DHCeg4hr8fms7WEHS6NLxP5NI57zsRmTJLsF63CGqhZ~-aIn0DUjgkCFisU88-GEDGtjQA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering"},{"id":81,"name":"Ocean Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ocean_Engineering"},{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science"},{"id":471104,"name":"Maritime Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maritime_Engineering"}],"urls":[{"id":16191348,"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0029801818300088?httpAccept=text/xml"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="13629860" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="84633199"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/84633199/Probabilistic_Damage_Stability_for_Passenger_Ships_The_p_Factor_Illusion_and_Reality"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Probabilistic Damage Stability for Passenger Ships鈥擳he p-Factor Illusion and Reality" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89587104/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/84633199/Probabilistic_Damage_Stability_for_Passenger_Ships_The_p_Factor_Illusion_and_Reality">Probabilistic Damage Stability for Passenger Ships鈥擳he p-Factor Illusion and Reality</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Marine Science and Engineering</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The paper complements an earlier publication by the authors addressing the probability of surviva...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The paper complements an earlier publication by the authors addressing the probability of survival in the IMO framework for damage stability assessment, the s-factor. The focus here is on the probability of occurrence of a certain damage scenario (breach), conditional on its dimensions and location (centre and port or starboard side), the p-factor. Pertinent assumptions and limitations are explained, following its evolution for specific application to passenger ships. Attempts to provide analytical descriptions of the damage breach distributions as tetrahedra shapes positioned along the ship length whilst accounting for changes in ship geometry, structural arrangements, and subdivision for consumption by the wider profession has led to misconceptions and misunderstandings of what exactly the p-factor is in the context of probabilistic damage stability calculations. This is evidenced by the fact that the same original damage breach distributions, derived in Project HARDER, based on l...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5c94f31984aa281c48560961f9baf34f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89587104,"asset_id":84633199,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89587104/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84633199"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84633199"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84633199; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=84633199]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=84633199]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84633199; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='84633199']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 84633199, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "5c94f31984aa281c48560961f9baf34f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=84633199]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":84633199,"title":"Probabilistic Damage Stability for Passenger Ships鈥擳he p-Factor Illusion and Reality","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The paper complements an earlier publication by the authors addressing the probability of survival in the IMO framework for damage stability assessment, the s-factor. The focus here is on the probability of occurrence of a certain damage scenario (breach), conditional on its dimensions and location (centre and port or starboard side), the p-factor. Pertinent assumptions and limitations are explained, following its evolution for specific application to passenger ships. Attempts to provide analytical descriptions of the damage breach distributions as tetrahedra shapes positioned along the ship length whilst accounting for changes in ship geometry, structural arrangements, and subdivision for consumption by the wider profession has led to misconceptions and misunderstandings of what exactly the p-factor is in the context of probabilistic damage stability calculations. This is evidenced by the fact that the same original damage breach distributions, derived in Project HARDER, based on l...","publisher":"MDPI AG","publication_name":"Journal of Marine Science and Engineering"},"translated_abstract":"The paper complements an earlier publication by the authors addressing the probability of survival in the IMO framework for damage stability assessment, the s-factor. The focus here is on the probability of occurrence of a certain damage scenario (breach), conditional on its dimensions and location (centre and port or starboard side), the p-factor. Pertinent assumptions and limitations are explained, following its evolution for specific application to passenger ships. Attempts to provide analytical descriptions of the damage breach distributions as tetrahedra shapes positioned along the ship length whilst accounting for changes in ship geometry, structural arrangements, and subdivision for consumption by the wider profession has led to misconceptions and misunderstandings of what exactly the p-factor is in the context of probabilistic damage stability calculations. This is evidenced by the fact that the same original damage breach distributions, derived in Project HARDER, based on l...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/84633199/Probabilistic_Damage_Stability_for_Passenger_Ships_The_p_Factor_Illusion_and_Reality","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-08-13T09:06:22.001-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":6012405,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":89587104,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89587104/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"jmse-10-00348.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89587104/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Probabilistic_Damage_Stability_for_Passe.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/89587104/jmse-10-00348-libre.pdf?1660409626=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DProbabilistic_Damage_Stability_for_Passe.pdf\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=eFXTwwPUcT6-rqwReqEILbAw7I1TnKiDYOT~W9xLv0oySdgb0Ps2DENpoLYnXpIV9sRkkqO4lGTq~qofzlQhlZzpsk08VFo~1T8EUaZBaZx2S8jbL9C2VECrkcKqhRTxmCqEO7iebqktF~GTQqqBFYBC5GhR3nN7uv01uNIWTOCWpnTWeaE3cWNbSTE4klk1G2dvAOJj1W1t0swVd19cRiis5yX1jtRUF7GcOUdkT8aK0BuXUbyv6NAffLdyxXdVwMBegU3ZmeIfjvSstLltI3SyZO4D1x9k2huTrx6F8n-DfQ4lYW~WkSv6FKONdbcw-oF3ci9ClpSiONWRWqSqKQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Probabilistic_Damage_Stability_for_Passenger_Ships_The_p_Factor_Illusion_and_Reality","translated_slug":"","page_count":25,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":6012405,"first_name":"mujeeb","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"ahmed","page_name":"mujeebahmed","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2013-10-07T23:19:15.292-07:00","display_name":"mujeeb ahmed","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mujeebahmed"},"attachments":[{"id":89587104,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89587104/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"jmse-10-00348.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89587104/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Probabilistic_Damage_Stability_for_Passe.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/89587104/jmse-10-00348-libre.pdf?1660409626=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DProbabilistic_Damage_Stability_for_Passe.pdf\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=eFXTwwPUcT6-rqwReqEILbAw7I1TnKiDYOT~W9xLv0oySdgb0Ps2DENpoLYnXpIV9sRkkqO4lGTq~qofzlQhlZzpsk08VFo~1T8EUaZBaZx2S8jbL9C2VECrkcKqhRTxmCqEO7iebqktF~GTQqqBFYBC5GhR3nN7uv01uNIWTOCWpnTWeaE3cWNbSTE4klk1G2dvAOJj1W1t0swVd19cRiis5yX1jtRUF7GcOUdkT8aK0BuXUbyv6NAffLdyxXdVwMBegU3ZmeIfjvSstLltI3SyZO4D1x9k2huTrx6F8n-DfQ4lYW~WkSv6FKONdbcw-oF3ci9ClpSiONWRWqSqKQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":89587105,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89587105/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"jmse-10-00348.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89587105/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Probabilistic_Damage_Stability_for_Passe.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/89587105/jmse-10-00348-libre.pdf?1660409634=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DProbabilistic_Damage_Stability_for_Passe.pdf\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=MLSHkGSR449Gnb6k4vebLU4nwUlBIlL6s0qMck~kGBA6CVU6803LyjaP8ZKoEVYJWRgJMK7aC~VurqtW1gvF9MIsi~iUwt0Mfsz4nKMPSgcD7NfqBEooL8ann9~tzB99inJ3cl8F48Ngrmo98BjZx7ftI-eCAB-lFQINjGplBzfWDhpmBIBMnOPL8G7b5ZcBX3QSS7NtPAuQ3dJDu7BA8gvEXmOAP73xQS8j2-1SmHiZX-EhtjUnmqNCKu3sPCHSUYXNLx3vtKDGcM4knNGYEJeSK~fz85DN1RDcXfl0Wk-OIfKELHmnZwA9CDP3OrD1VnGdzp~qsT1I~gFPWz1dRA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":43610,"name":"Probabilistic Logic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Probabilistic_Logic"}],"urls":[{"id":22870308,"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/3/348/pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="84633188"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/84633188/Conception_and_Evolution_of_the_Probabilistic_Methods_for_Ship_Damage_Stability_and_Flooding_Risk_Assessment"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Conception and Evolution of the Probabilistic Methods for Ship Damage Stability and Flooding Risk Assessment" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89587094/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/84633188/Conception_and_Evolution_of_the_Probabilistic_Methods_for_Ship_Damage_Stability_and_Flooding_Risk_Assessment">Conception and Evolution of the Probabilistic Methods for Ship Damage Stability and Flooding Risk Assessment</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Marine Science and Engineering</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The paper provides a full description and explanation of the probabilistic method for ship damage...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The paper provides a full description and explanation of the probabilistic method for ship damage stability assessment from its conception to date with focus on the probability of survival (s-factor), explaining pertinent assumptions and limitations and describing its evolution for specific application to passenger ships, using contemporary numerical and experimental tools and data. It also provides comparisons in results between statistical and direct approaches and makes recommendations on how these can be reconciled with better understanding of the implicit assumptions in the approach for use in ship design and operation. Evolution over the latter years to support pertinent regulatory developments relating to flooding risk (safety level) assessment as well as research in this direction with a focus on passenger ships, have created a new focus that combines all flooding hazards (collision, bottom and side groundings) to assess potential loss of life as a means of guiding further r...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5522a8d1efd01a697891567871f31dd2" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89587094,"asset_id":84633188,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89587094/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84633188"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84633188"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84633188; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=84633188]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=84633188]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84633188; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='84633188']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 84633188, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "5522a8d1efd01a697891567871f31dd2" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=84633188]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":84633188,"title":"Conception and Evolution of the Probabilistic Methods for Ship Damage Stability and Flooding Risk Assessment","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The paper provides a full description and explanation of the probabilistic method for ship damage stability assessment from its conception to date with focus on the probability of survival (s-factor), explaining pertinent assumptions and limitations and describing its evolution for specific application to passenger ships, using contemporary numerical and experimental tools and data. It also provides comparisons in results between statistical and direct approaches and makes recommendations on how these can be reconciled with better understanding of the implicit assumptions in the approach for use in ship design and operation. Evolution over the latter years to support pertinent regulatory developments relating to flooding risk (safety level) assessment as well as research in this direction with a focus on passenger ships, have created a new focus that combines all flooding hazards (collision, bottom and side groundings) to assess potential loss of life as a means of guiding further r...","publisher":"MDPI AG","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Marine Science and Engineering"},"translated_abstract":"The paper provides a full description and explanation of the probabilistic method for ship damage stability assessment from its conception to date with focus on the probability of survival (s-factor), explaining pertinent assumptions and limitations and describing its evolution for specific application to passenger ships, using contemporary numerical and experimental tools and data. It also provides comparisons in results between statistical and direct approaches and makes recommendations on how these can be reconciled with better understanding of the implicit assumptions in the approach for use in ship design and operation. Evolution over the latter years to support pertinent regulatory developments relating to flooding risk (safety level) assessment as well as research in this direction with a focus on passenger ships, have created a new focus that combines all flooding hazards (collision, bottom and side groundings) to assess potential loss of life as a means of guiding further r...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/84633188/Conception_and_Evolution_of_the_Probabilistic_Methods_for_Ship_Damage_Stability_and_Flooding_Risk_Assessment","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-08-13T09:06:07.351-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":6012405,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":89587094,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89587094/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89587094/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Conception_and_Evolution_of_the_Probabil.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/89587094/pdf-libre.pdf?1660409648=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DConception_and_Evolution_of_the_Probabil.pdf\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=Bp~C-Hp8Jwu8CS7qP4GLLUpuIVv1zUvnrkyi4ApyFNgEeydJqtG7In-szyYvPBAxcO9T8V~GP~3rX81enQT4~dGxJ1BIgDp9QZKoDZS0LLcVOI2elOVkQwEJwQEUqxWtrioB7EWVj2CxgvhyUM2Ar32OxEHHOql~f1qcidncI-t5Z1wXg~dnuf3Pg6AFwmqNupTwudsUSm~LezFTgRgLlhdqPj0pWo9Tgr2ziCSRoh3g1gJCnPDq~OSYSG4jWhgGlnJKwsAJsl-DPGenaKWUgG3Amjn-~R07j6jq52N9uEDflNP5yw3KXSv-gDc-8gwtazbOPWQe9L42wY6bjqhrjw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Conception_and_Evolution_of_the_Probabilistic_Methods_for_Ship_Damage_Stability_and_Flooding_Risk_Assessment","translated_slug":"","page_count":19,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":6012405,"first_name":"mujeeb","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"ahmed","page_name":"mujeebahmed","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2013-10-07T23:19:15.292-07:00","display_name":"mujeeb ahmed","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mujeebahmed"},"attachments":[{"id":89587094,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89587094/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pdf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89587094/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Conception_and_Evolution_of_the_Probabil.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/89587094/pdf-libre.pdf?1660409648=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DConception_and_Evolution_of_the_Probabil.pdf\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=Bp~C-Hp8Jwu8CS7qP4GLLUpuIVv1zUvnrkyi4ApyFNgEeydJqtG7In-szyYvPBAxcO9T8V~GP~3rX81enQT4~dGxJ1BIgDp9QZKoDZS0LLcVOI2elOVkQwEJwQEUqxWtrioB7EWVj2CxgvhyUM2Ar32OxEHHOql~f1qcidncI-t5Z1wXg~dnuf3Pg6AFwmqNupTwudsUSm~LezFTgRgLlhdqPj0pWo9Tgr2ziCSRoh3g1gJCnPDq~OSYSG4jWhgGlnJKwsAJsl-DPGenaKWUgG3Amjn-~R07j6jq52N9uEDflNP5yw3KXSv-gDc-8gwtazbOPWQe9L42wY6bjqhrjw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science"},{"id":43610,"name":"Probabilistic Logic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Probabilistic_Logic"},{"id":3143219,"name":"VM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/VM"}],"urls":[{"id":22870300,"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/9/6/667/pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67467721"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/67467721/Comparison_of_numerical_approaches_for_structural_response_analysis_of_passenger_ships_in_collisions_and_groundings"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of numerical approaches for structural response analysis of passenger ships in collisions and groundings" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/67467721/Comparison_of_numerical_approaches_for_structural_response_analysis_of_passenger_ships_in_collisions_and_groundings">Comparison of numerical approaches for structural response analysis of passenger ships in collisions and groundings</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Marine Structures</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67467721"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67467721"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67467721; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67467721]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67467721]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67467721; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67467721']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67467721, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67467721]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67467721,"title":"Comparison of numerical approaches for structural response analysis of passenger ships in collisions and groundings","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_name":"Marine Structures"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67467721/Comparison_of_numerical_approaches_for_structural_response_analysis_of_passenger_ships_in_collisions_and_groundings","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-06T22:33:16.425-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":6012405,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Comparison_of_numerical_approaches_for_structural_response_analysis_of_passenger_ships_in_collisions_and_groundings","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":6012405,"first_name":"mujeeb","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"ahmed","page_name":"mujeebahmed","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2013-10-07T23:19:15.292-07:00","display_name":"mujeeb ahmed","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mujeebahmed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering"},{"id":120330,"name":"Marine Structures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marine_Structures"},{"id":471104,"name":"Maritime Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maritime_Engineering"}],"urls":[{"id":16191435,"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0951833921001763?httpAccept=text/xml"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67467720"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/67467720/Effect_of_mooring_line_layout_on_the_loads_of_ship_shaped_offshore_installations"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effect of mooring line layout on the loads of ship-shaped offshore installations" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/67467720/Effect_of_mooring_line_layout_on_the_loads_of_ship_shaped_offshore_installations">Effect of mooring line layout on the loads of ship-shaped offshore installations</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Ocean Engineering</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67467720"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67467720"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67467720; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67467720]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67467720]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67467720; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67467720']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67467720, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67467720]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67467720,"title":"Effect of mooring line layout on the loads of ship-shaped offshore installations","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67467720/Effect_of_mooring_line_layout_on_the_loads_of_ship_shaped_offshore_installations","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-06T22:33:15.660-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":6012405,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Effect_of_mooring_line_layout_on_the_loads_of_ship_shaped_offshore_installations","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":6012405,"first_name":"mujeeb","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"ahmed","page_name":"mujeebahmed","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2013-10-07T23:19:15.292-07:00","display_name":"mujeeb ahmed","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mujeebahmed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering"},{"id":81,"name":"Ocean Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ocean_Engineering"},{"id":471104,"name":"Maritime Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maritime_Engineering"}],"urls":[{"id":16191434,"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0029801821014001?httpAccept=text/xml"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67467719"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/67467719/Computational_models_for_the_structural_crashworthiness_analysis_of_a_fixed_type_offshore_platform_in_collisions_with_an_offshore_supply_vessel"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Computational models for the structural crashworthiness analysis of a fixed-type offshore platform in collisions with an offshore supply vessel" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78274025/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67467719/Computational_models_for_the_structural_crashworthiness_analysis_of_a_fixed_type_offshore_platform_in_collisions_with_an_offshore_supply_vessel">Computational models for the structural crashworthiness analysis of a fixed-type offshore platform in collisions with an offshore supply vessel</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Thin-Walled Structures</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="dafff6def88aa077420025651dcad588" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78274025,"asset_id":67467719,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78274025/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67467719"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67467719"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67467719; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67467719]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67467719]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67467719; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67467719']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67467719, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "dafff6def88aa077420025651dcad588" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67467719]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67467719,"title":"Computational models for the structural crashworthiness analysis of a fixed-type offshore platform in collisions with an offshore supply vessel","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Elsevier BV","grobid_abstract":"The aim of this paper was to develop practical modelling techniques for the structural crashworthiness analysis in collisions between a fixed-type offshore platform and an offshore supply vessel (OSV). The computational models used nonlinear finite element method involving large deformations (strains) of both vessel and offshore platform, dynamic effects of material (e.g., strain rate and dynamic fracture strain), and the influence of surrounding waters. The applicability of the modelling techniques was demonstrated with an applied example to collisions between an OSV and a jacket-type offshore platform, where a sensitivity analysis was carried out for different collision parameters (e.g., collision velocities and impact locations). It is concluded that the computational models can ultimately be employed for quantitative risk assessment of fixed-type offshore structures collided with an OSV, which requires to perform the structural crashworthiness analysis.","publication_name":"Thin-Walled Structures","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":78274025},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67467719/Computational_models_for_the_structural_crashworthiness_analysis_of_a_fixed_type_offshore_platform_in_collisions_with_an_offshore_supply_vessel","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-06T22:33:15.453-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":6012405,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78274025,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78274025/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Accepted_20manuscript.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78274025/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Computational_models_for_the_structural.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78274025/Accepted_20manuscript-libre.pdf?1641546724=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DComputational_models_for_the_structural.pdf\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=bIhZRakEUYzZ2BwxF~tL7K3othT~redXT~JXQh5mS5Lr2lx0mpqw3EH-WSOcQCNX2nrMmxhbSD2q6RW2lMwhHqXZf~S0StWRc9Obu47VDAD~c5Ri90v4wEk0mu2zq0tQg9pfrJme5MG6YVdkcp5PhpnI9LpD3rEwLDJ3udje6zBdvPncZyHurCWZMWRPC~QumZmmCyzcyvIeUBBlQxYTL0DzGBhg4cUoBKaASvfzyivgs6qdsz4ZvBmbceuSS~KOv5gjt8ZxRAtWKyzfiYjaCsTzbmy9D6TiX6nPaHEHmmh2FGiTGLeGPx9W2Y4hVSk2ZAFFm89jlra~eeNK76VRgQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Computational_models_for_the_structural_crashworthiness_analysis_of_a_fixed_type_offshore_platform_in_collisions_with_an_offshore_supply_vessel","translated_slug":"","page_count":38,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":6012405,"first_name":"mujeeb","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"ahmed","page_name":"mujeebahmed","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2013-10-07T23:19:15.292-07:00","display_name":"mujeeb ahmed","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mujeebahmed"},"attachments":[{"id":78274025,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78274025/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Accepted_20manuscript.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78274025/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Computational_models_for_the_structural.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78274025/Accepted_20manuscript-libre.pdf?1641546724=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DComputational_models_for_the_structural.pdf\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=bIhZRakEUYzZ2BwxF~tL7K3othT~redXT~JXQh5mS5Lr2lx0mpqw3EH-WSOcQCNX2nrMmxhbSD2q6RW2lMwhHqXZf~S0StWRc9Obu47VDAD~c5Ri90v4wEk0mu2zq0tQg9pfrJme5MG6YVdkcp5PhpnI9LpD3rEwLDJ3udje6zBdvPncZyHurCWZMWRPC~QumZmmCyzcyvIeUBBlQxYTL0DzGBhg4cUoBKaASvfzyivgs6qdsz4ZvBmbceuSS~KOv5gjt8ZxRAtWKyzfiYjaCsTzbmy9D6TiX6nPaHEHmmh2FGiTGLeGPx9W2Y4hVSk2ZAFFm89jlra~eeNK76VRgQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering"},{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering"},{"id":88,"name":"Aerospace Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aerospace_Engineering"},{"id":466874,"name":"Thin Walled Structures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thin_Walled_Structures"}],"urls":[{"id":16191433,"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0263823120307461?httpAccept=text/xml"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67467717"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/67467717/Quantitative_collision_risk_assessment_of_a_fixed_type_offshore_platform_with_an_offshore_supply_vessel"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Quantitative collision risk assessment of a fixed-type offshore platform with an offshore supply vessel" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78273973/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67467717/Quantitative_collision_risk_assessment_of_a_fixed_type_offshore_platform_with_an_offshore_supply_vessel">Quantitative collision risk assessment of a fixed-type offshore platform with an offshore supply vessel</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Structures</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="17f70eb19ce0e010b2b6b6841efa0866" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78273973,"asset_id":67467717,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78273973/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67467717"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67467717"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67467717; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67467717]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67467717]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67467717; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67467717']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67467717, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "17f70eb19ce0e010b2b6b6841efa0866" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67467717]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67467717,"title":"Quantitative collision risk assessment of a fixed-type offshore platform with an offshore supply vessel","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_name":"Structures"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67467717/Quantitative_collision_risk_assessment_of_a_fixed_type_offshore_platform_with_an_offshore_supply_vessel","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-06T22:33:15.189-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":6012405,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78273973,"title":"","file_type":"txt","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78273973/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"PII_S2352012420303015.txt","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78273973/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Quantitative_collision_risk_assessment_o.txt","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78273973/PII_S2352012420303015.txt?1641537195=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DQuantitative_collision_risk_assessment_o.txt\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=WASJmTXlkt6chTAf5pBl7C~kr77hhapl8USJdoVYoYQI1dNq2gB7i9uaVnDkOQWVGGwjjUZV~czQOrj2K41Y5RlP~4zUd4Se9ZIdRIr5aKUHXOSkUAoaQ5V-c9UiZq~I6QEobrTxZLxnrzqlMl0endzdR7hRmeWOgA408XH~49ct5HNN~JEqDwnF1hXUPBw21bUsWB~oIMCakTJjMya4aSDDXnT0T-sTOyXAifbAc6~fyYJH06072SyAwNOa8zWbnJl5X02J5btT5WGEt7wLPrhC5Ox0hmEtSsw0bom2CUfnQGHZMRMilkRXBIkICrectEUATkWK~kd6Z34KjjH18A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Quantitative_collision_risk_assessment_of_a_fixed_type_offshore_platform_with_an_offshore_supply_vessel","translated_slug":"","page_count":1,"language":"xxx","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":6012405,"first_name":"mujeeb","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"ahmed","page_name":"mujeebahmed","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2013-10-07T23:19:15.292-07:00","display_name":"mujeeb ahmed","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mujeebahmed"},"attachments":[{"id":78273973,"title":"","file_type":"txt","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78273973/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"PII_S2352012420303015.txt","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78273973/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Quantitative_collision_risk_assessment_o.txt","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78273973/PII_S2352012420303015.txt?1641537195=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DQuantitative_collision_risk_assessment_o.txt\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=WASJmTXlkt6chTAf5pBl7C~kr77hhapl8USJdoVYoYQI1dNq2gB7i9uaVnDkOQWVGGwjjUZV~czQOrj2K41Y5RlP~4zUd4Se9ZIdRIr5aKUHXOSkUAoaQ5V-c9UiZq~I6QEobrTxZLxnrzqlMl0endzdR7hRmeWOgA408XH~49ct5HNN~JEqDwnF1hXUPBw21bUsWB~oIMCakTJjMya4aSDDXnT0T-sTOyXAifbAc6~fyYJH06072SyAwNOa8zWbnJl5X02J5btT5WGEt7wLPrhC5Ox0hmEtSsw0bom2CUfnQGHZMRMilkRXBIkICrectEUATkWK~kd6Z34KjjH18A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72773,"name":"Structures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Structures"}],"urls":[{"id":16191432,"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S2352012420303015?httpAccept=text/xml"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67467716"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/67467716/A_probabilistic_approach_to_determine_design_loads_for_collision_between_an_offshore_supply_vessel_and_offshore_installations"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A probabilistic approach to determine design loads for collision between an offshore supply vessel and offshore installations" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78274020/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67467716/A_probabilistic_approach_to_determine_design_loads_for_collision_between_an_offshore_supply_vessel_and_offshore_installations">A probabilistic approach to determine design loads for collision between an offshore supply vessel and offshore installations</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Ocean Engineering</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2f944cca22f1968b0512c90581848009" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78274020,"asset_id":67467716,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78274020/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67467716"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67467716"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67467716; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67467716]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67467716]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67467716; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67467716']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67467716, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "2f944cca22f1968b0512c90581848009" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67467716]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67467716,"title":"A probabilistic approach to determine design loads for collision between an offshore supply vessel and offshore installations","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Elsevier BV","grobid_abstract":"Offshore supply vessel (OSV) collisions have been identified as the most frequent type of collision accidents in the offshore oil / gas or wind turbine industries. Quantitative risk assessment (QRA) is an efficient method for evaluating the collision risk to an offshore installation. In-depth information on collision load parameters, such as incoming ship velocity and impact location, is considered prerequisite for determining the consequences of collisions with accuracy. Thus, the aim of this study is to provide a new probabilistic method for determining collision design loads. Each input parameter is treated by a probability density function, and a set of 50 prospective collision scenarios is generated using Latin hyper cube sampling (LHS) technique. Numerical computations of ship motions are performed to obtain collision load parameters. The probabilistic characteristics of the parameters using a goodness of fit test and an interval study are carried out, and best-fit PDFs and the exceedance curve are plotted. A case study of the proposed method is demonstrated using a hypothetical OSV and an offshore jacket structure located in a hypothetical oceanic region. The details of the computations are documented, and the findings of the study are discussed.","publication_name":"Ocean Engineering","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":78274020},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67467716/A_probabilistic_approach_to_determine_design_loads_for_collision_between_an_offshore_supply_vessel_and_offshore_installations","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-06T22:33:14.930-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":6012405,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78274020,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78274020/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"A_20probabilistic_20approach_20to_20determine_20design_20loads_20for_20collision_20between_20an_20offshore_20supply_20vessel_20and_20off.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78274020/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_probabilistic_approach_to_determine_de.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78274020/A_20probabilistic_20approach_20to_20determine_20design_20loads_20for_20collision_20between_20an_20offshore_20supply_20vessel_20and_20off-libre.pdf?1641546717=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_probabilistic_approach_to_determine_de.pdf\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=JFIr03bgzB299~5qDw6wppzLnckzQZ-QM25J5hOexzNVIhjDiVQbL3XwfmHbP9XFBF9-2hYYSOIyfQPS-b70MKs7svqq7ESlUmvnXu9MiDv1FEpvhWJAXFf4VGs2Xuo1BVxqpld8E6J~m~sIKC7BMXu3ZC0PhAiGL0xY~~2-4xhqDrUYn4GmW7sg3nsfWbJFJfuwopicjUY6b4tRYKX7McJz7HM5snoFKsGgv2IHosEgg4mZbgrozdhuFHZa~~l673nmscSeBWPaRoB5Dz1EuuGDErmW1swC~ng2LDFykbtHYhJMWJ47JeeRqUfJhzcNgZHpTQQADwui4BFwkzd1XQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"A_probabilistic_approach_to_determine_design_loads_for_collision_between_an_offshore_supply_vessel_and_offshore_installations","translated_slug":"","page_count":16,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":6012405,"first_name":"mujeeb","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"ahmed","page_name":"mujeebahmed","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2013-10-07T23:19:15.292-07:00","display_name":"mujeeb ahmed","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mujeebahmed"},"attachments":[{"id":78274020,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78274020/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"A_20probabilistic_20approach_20to_20determine_20design_20loads_20for_20collision_20between_20an_20offshore_20supply_20vessel_20and_20off.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78274020/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"A_probabilistic_approach_to_determine_de.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78274020/A_20probabilistic_20approach_20to_20determine_20design_20loads_20for_20collision_20between_20an_20offshore_20supply_20vessel_20and_20off-libre.pdf?1641546717=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_probabilistic_approach_to_determine_de.pdf\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=JFIr03bgzB299~5qDw6wppzLnckzQZ-QM25J5hOexzNVIhjDiVQbL3XwfmHbP9XFBF9-2hYYSOIyfQPS-b70MKs7svqq7ESlUmvnXu9MiDv1FEpvhWJAXFf4VGs2Xuo1BVxqpld8E6J~m~sIKC7BMXu3ZC0PhAiGL0xY~~2-4xhqDrUYn4GmW7sg3nsfWbJFJfuwopicjUY6b4tRYKX7McJz7HM5snoFKsGgv2IHosEgg4mZbgrozdhuFHZa~~l673nmscSeBWPaRoB5Dz1EuuGDErmW1swC~ng2LDFykbtHYhJMWJ47JeeRqUfJhzcNgZHpTQQADwui4BFwkzd1XQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering"},{"id":81,"name":"Ocean Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ocean_Engineering"},{"id":471104,"name":"Maritime Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maritime_Engineering"}],"urls":[{"id":16191431,"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S002980181832153X?httpAccept=text/xml"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67467488"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/67467488/Probabilistic_approach_for_collision_risk_analysis_of_powered_vessel_with_offshore_platforms"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Probabilistic approach for collision risk analysis of powered vessel with offshore platforms" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78273878/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67467488/Probabilistic_approach_for_collision_risk_analysis_of_powered_vessel_with_offshore_platforms">Probabilistic approach for collision risk analysis of powered vessel with offshore platforms</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Ocean Engineering</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7cefa26f9840e5b9227dd4dabf78371d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":78273878,"asset_id":67467488,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78273878/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67467488"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67467488"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67467488; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67467488]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67467488]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67467488; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67467488']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67467488, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "7cefa26f9840e5b9227dd4dabf78371d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67467488]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67467488,"title":"Probabilistic approach for collision risk analysis of powered vessel with offshore platforms","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Elsevier BV","grobid_abstract":"The continuous increase in marine traffic and the construction of several offshore installations has led to a serious concern regarding the risks to offshore platforms from ship collisions. The main aim of this study was to carry out a probabilistic collision-risk analysis for offshore platforms exposed to powered collisions with passing vessels using an automatic identification system (AIS) database. The paper first describes the statistical distribution of the ship traffic under study and then considers how this information can be effectively used to estimate collision frequencies and impact energies for various categories of vessel, based on a simple probabilistic method. The effects of various collision mitigation measures, such as the use of enhanced collision alarming devices and the ability of platforms to rotate using thrusters, are considered in the frequency calculations. The risk method presented in this paper can be applied in the design and development phase of both new and existing platforms.","publication_name":"Ocean Engineering","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":78273878},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67467488/Probabilistic_approach_for_collision_risk_analysis_of_powered_vessel_with_offshore_platforms","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-06T22:31:35.899-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":6012405,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78273878,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78273878/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Paik_OE-D-17-00166R2-_20Manuscript-final.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78273878/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Probabilistic_approach_for_collision_ris.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78273878/Paik_OE-D-17-00166R2-_20Manuscript-final-libre.pdf?1641546727=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DProbabilistic_approach_for_collision_ris.pdf\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=WaSZHc4owFqNK1-KYsLJJxiDy2yqvh4B0oJp9KXCbrsk9AcRQpAw98FSAPZ-1a4Si2y80wmj5huGGH4msCWnUwuNhAP-UnUMQxsqpOmO8najdt4MzoIDSD4t4Usawlngr8nBav9LBWd49uK94pCV-pa2hT5HJAo~3L6cLaXON6P0-wvyNw75MXUvh66nl2Xl55JlMLykGOy5KtXj37bYZ3pVeysqD06CyxVxWvFUSupWzb~9SUeAGUVBXxtg933r7OFX5OA0zH1gZux0DHCeg4hr8fms7WEHS6NLxP5NI57zsRmTJLsF63CGqhZ~-aIn0DUjgkCFisU88-GEDGtjQA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Probabilistic_approach_for_collision_risk_analysis_of_powered_vessel_with_offshore_platforms","translated_slug":"","page_count":34,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":6012405,"first_name":"mujeeb","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"ahmed","page_name":"mujeebahmed","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2013-10-07T23:19:15.292-07:00","display_name":"mujeeb ahmed","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mujeebahmed"},"attachments":[{"id":78273878,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/78273878/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Paik_OE-D-17-00166R2-_20Manuscript-final.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78273878/download_file?st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ5NDIxOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Probabilistic_approach_for_collision_ris.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/78273878/Paik_OE-D-17-00166R2-_20Manuscript-final-libre.pdf?1641546727=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DProbabilistic_approach_for_collision_ris.pdf\u0026Expires=1732497818\u0026Signature=WaSZHc4owFqNK1-KYsLJJxiDy2yqvh4B0oJp9KXCbrsk9AcRQpAw98FSAPZ-1a4Si2y80wmj5huGGH4msCWnUwuNhAP-UnUMQxsqpOmO8najdt4MzoIDSD4t4Usawlngr8nBav9LBWd49uK94pCV-pa2hT5HJAo~3L6cLaXON6P0-wvyNw75MXUvh66nl2Xl55JlMLykGOy5KtXj37bYZ3pVeysqD06CyxVxWvFUSupWzb~9SUeAGUVBXxtg933r7OFX5OA0zH1gZux0DHCeg4hr8fms7WEHS6NLxP5NI57zsRmTJLsF63CGqhZ~-aIn0DUjgkCFisU88-GEDGtjQA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering"},{"id":81,"name":"Ocean Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ocean_Engineering"},{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science"},{"id":471104,"name":"Maritime Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maritime_Engineering"}],"urls":[{"id":16191348,"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0029801818300088?httpAccept=text/xml"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/google_contacts-0dfb882d836b94dbcb4a2d123d6933fc9533eda5be911641f20b4eb428429600.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $('.js-google-connect-button').click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); GoogleContacts.authorize_and_show_contacts(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("WowProfileImportContactsPrompt"); }); $('.js-update-biography-button').click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("UpdateUserBiographyPrompt"); $.ajax({ url: $r.api_v0_profiles_update_about_path({ subdomain_param: 'api', about: "", }), type: 'PUT', success: function(response) { location.reload(); } }); }); $('.js-work-creator-button').click(function (e) { e.preventDefault(); window.location = $r.upload_funnel_document_path({ source: encodeURIComponent(""), }); }); $('.js-video-upload-button').click(function (e) { e.preventDefault(); window.location = $r.upload_funnel_video_path({ source: encodeURIComponent(""), }); }); $('.js-do-this-later-button').click(function() { $(this).closest('.js-profile-nag-panel').remove(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("WowProfileImportContactsPrompt"); }); $('.js-update-biography-do-this-later-button').click(function(){ $(this).closest('.js-profile-nag-panel').remove(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("UpdateUserBiographyPrompt"); }); $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--close').click(function(){ $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--panel').hide(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("WowProfileMentionsUpsell"); }); $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--button').click(function(){ Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("WowProfileMentionsUpsell"); }); new WowProfile.SocialRedesignUserWorks({ initialWorksOffset: 20, allWorksOffset: 20, maxSections: 1 }) }); </script> </div></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile_edit-5ea339ee107c863779f560dd7275595239fed73f1a13d279d2b599a28c0ecd33.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/add_coauthor-22174b608f9cb871d03443cafa7feac496fb50d7df2d66a53f5ee3c04ba67f53.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/tab-dcac0130902f0cc2d8cb403714dd47454f11fc6fb0e99ae6a0827b06613abc20.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb window.ae = window.ae || {}; window.ae.WowProfile = window.ae.WowProfile || {}; if(Aedu.User.current && Aedu.User.current.id === $viewedUser.id) { window.ae.WowProfile.current_user_edit = {}; new WowProfileEdit.EditUploadView({ el: '.js-edit-upload-button-wrapper', model: window.$current_user, }); new AddCoauthor.AddCoauthorsController(); } var userInfoView = new WowProfile.SocialRedesignUserInfo({ recaptcha_key: "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB" }); WowProfile.router = new WowProfile.Router({ userInfoView: userInfoView }); Backbone.history.start({ pushState: true, root: "/" + $viewedUser.page_name }); new WowProfile.UserWorksNav() }); </script> </div> <div class="bootstrap login"><div class="modal fade login-modal" id="login-modal"><div class="login-modal-dialog modal-dialog"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"><button class="close close" data-dismiss="modal" type="button"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button><h4 class="modal-title text-center"><strong>Log In</strong></h4></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><button class="btn btn-fb btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-facebook-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 19px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="facebook-square" class="svg-inline--fa fa-facebook-square fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Facebook</strong></small></button><br /><button class="btn btn-google btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-google-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 22px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="google-plus" class="svg-inline--fa fa-google-plus fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M256,8C119.1,8,8,119.1,8,256S119.1,504,256,504,504,392.9,504,256,392.9,8,256,8ZM185.3,380a124,124,0,0,1,0-248c31.3,0,60.1,11,83,32.3l-33.6,32.6c-13.2-12.9-31.3-19.1-49.4-19.1-42.9,0-77.2,35.5-77.2,78.1S142.3,334,185.3,334c32.6,0,64.9-19.1,70.1-53.3H185.3V238.1H302.2a109.2,109.2,0,0,1,1.9,20.7c0,70.8-47.5,121.2-118.8,121.2ZM415.5,273.8v35.5H380V273.8H344.5V238.3H380V202.8h35.5v35.5h35.2v35.5Z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Google</strong></small></button><br /><style type="text/css">.sign-in-with-apple-button { width: 100%; height: 52px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid black; cursor: pointer; }</style><script src="https://appleid.cdn-apple.com/appleauth/static/jsapi/appleid/1/en_US/appleid.auth.js" type="text/javascript"></script><div class="sign-in-with-apple-button" data-border="false" data-color="white" id="appleid-signin"><span ="Sign Up with Apple" class="u-fs11"></span></div><script>AppleID.auth.init({ clientId: 'edu.academia.applesignon', scope: 'name email', redirectURI: 'https://www.academia.edu/sessions', state: "f6954d8413227cc093485404d62defe076a52b27e1c31ceed245b81393fdc1d8", });</script><script>// Hacky way of checking if on fast loswp if (window.loswp == null) { (function() { const Google = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Google; const Facebook = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Facebook; if (Google) { new Google({ el: '#login-google-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } if (Facebook) { new Facebook({ el: '#login-facebook-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } })(); }</script></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><div class="hr-heading login-hr-heading"><span class="hr-heading-text">or</span></div></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><form class="js-login-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/sessions" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" autocomplete="off" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="GTBqVdKp6M4e+IfFGw7ufOWulzLpzYEEOcit/SLrt0+IPJ2ikOWZZaVYYO2chhQ9AxYIdgeb3FJkZQEfUZA9+w==" autocomplete="off" /><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-email-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Email</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-email-input" name="login" type="email" /></div><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-password-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Password</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-password-input" name="password" type="password" /></div><input type="hidden" name="post_login_redirect_url" id="post_login_redirect_url" value="https://independent.academia.edu/mujeebahmed" autocomplete="off" /><div class="checkbox"><label><input type="checkbox" name="remember_me" id="remember_me" value="1" checked="checked" /><small style="font-size: 12px; margin-top: 2px; display: inline-block;">Remember me on this computer</small></label></div><br><input type="submit" name="commit" value="Log In" class="btn btn-primary btn-block btn-lg js-login-submit" data-disable-with="Log In" /></br></form><script>typeof window?.Aedu?.recaptchaManagedForm === 'function' && window.Aedu.recaptchaManagedForm( document.querySelector('.js-login-form'), document.querySelector('.js-login-submit') );</script><small style="font-size: 12px;"><br />or <a data-target="#login-modal-reset-password-container" data-toggle="collapse" href="javascript:void(0)">reset password</a></small><div class="collapse" id="login-modal-reset-password-container"><br /><div class="well margin-0x"><form class="js-password-reset-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/reset_password" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" autocomplete="off" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="eKtmLzXMv7YrbGVzKU50CkGV7TAYgauimClOeXen8Bvpp5HYd4DOHZDMgluuxo5Lpy1ydPbX9vTFhOKbBNx6rw==" autocomplete="off" /><p>Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link.</p><div class="form-group"><input class="form-control" name="email" type="email" /></div><script src="https://recaptcha.net/recaptcha/api.js" async defer></script> <script> var invisibleRecaptchaSubmit = function () { var closestForm = function (ele) { var curEle = ele.parentNode; while (curEle.nodeName !== 'FORM' && curEle.nodeName !== 'BODY'){ curEle = curEle.parentNode; } return curEle.nodeName === 'FORM' ? curEle : null }; var eles = document.getElementsByClassName('g-recaptcha'); if (eles.length > 0) { var form = closestForm(eles[0]); if (form) { form.submit(); } } }; </script> <input type="submit" data-sitekey="6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj" data-callback="invisibleRecaptchaSubmit" class="g-recaptcha btn btn-primary btn-block" value="Email me a link" value=""/> </form></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/collapse-45805421cf446ca5adf7aaa1935b08a3a8d1d9a6cc5d91a62a2a3a00b20b3e6a.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $("#login-modal-reset-password-container").on("shown.bs.collapse", function() { $(this).find("input[type=email]").focus(); }); }); </script> </div></div></div><div class="modal-footer"><div class="text-center"><small style="font-size: 12px;">Need an account? <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Click here to sign up</a></small></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// If we are on subdomain or non-bootstrapped page, redirect to login page instead of showing modal (function(){ if (typeof $ === 'undefined') return; var host = window.location.hostname; if ((host === $domain || host === "www."+$domain) && (typeof $().modal === 'function')) { $("#nav_log_in").click(function(e) { // Don't follow the link and open the modal e.preventDefault(); $("#login-modal").on('shown.bs.modal', function() { $(this).find("#login-modal-email-input").focus() }).modal('show'); }); } })()</script> <div class="bootstrap" id="footer"><div class="footer-content clearfix text-center padding-top-7x" style="width:100%;"><ul class="footer-links-secondary footer-links-wide list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://medium.com/academia">Blog</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/topics">Topics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/journals">Academia.edu Journals</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg style="width: 13px; height: 13px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg> <strong>We're Hiring!</strong></a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/"><svg style="width: 12px; height: 12px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg> <strong>Help Center</strong></a></li></ul><ul class="footer-links-tertiary list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li class="small">Find new research papers in:</li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences">Health Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences">Earth Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="DesignSystem" id="credit" style="width:100%;"><ul class="u-pl0x footer-links-legal list-inline"><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li>Academia ©2024</li></ul></div><script> //<![CDATA[ window.detect_gmtoffset = true; window.Academia && window.Academia.set_gmtoffset && Academia.set_gmtoffset('/gmtoffset'); //]]> </script> <div id='overlay_background'></div> <div id='bootstrap-modal-container' class='bootstrap'></div> <div id='ds-modal-container' class='bootstrap DesignSystem'></div> <div id='full-screen-modal'></div> </div> </body> </html>