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class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>April</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-April-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-May" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#May"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>May</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-May-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-June" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#June"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>June</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-June-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-July" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#July"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>July</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-July-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-August" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#August"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>August</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-August-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-September" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#September"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9</span> <span>September</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-September-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-October" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#October"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.10</span> <span>October</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-October-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-November" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#November"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.11</span> <span>November</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-November-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-December" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#December"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.12</span> <span>December</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-December-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Births_and_deaths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Births_and_deaths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Births and deaths</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Births_and_deaths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nobel_Prizes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nobel_Prizes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Nobel Prizes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nobel_Prizes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1993</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 202 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-202" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">202 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_%E1%8A%A5.%E1%8A%A4.%E1%8A%A0." title="1993 እ.ኤ.አ. – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="1993 እ.ኤ.አ." data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_%D5%A9%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="1993 թուական – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="1993 թուական" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="1993 сон – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="1993 сон" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B9%DB%B9%DB%B3_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۹۹۳ (میلادی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۱۹۹۳ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AF%E0%A7%AF%E0%A7%A9" title="১৯৯৩ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="১৯৯৩" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_n%C3%AE" title="1993 nî – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="1993 nî" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1993 йыл – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="1993 йыл" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BC%A1%E0%BC%A9%E0%BC%A9%E0%BC%A3%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8D" title="༡༩༩༣ལོ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="༡༩༩༣ལོ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993." title="1993. – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="1993." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="1993 ие – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="1993 ие" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B9%DB%B9%DB%B3" title="۱۹۹۳ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="۱۹۹۳" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_%D1%88%D1%83" title="1993 шу – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="1993 шу" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993%E5%B9%B4" title="1993年 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="1993年" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AB%A7%E0%AB%AF%E0%AB%AF%E0%AB%A9" title="૧૯૯૩ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="૧૯૯૩" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993-ngi%C3%A8n" title="1993-ngièn – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="1993-ngièn" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993%EB%85%84" title="1993년 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1993년" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AF%E0%A5%AF%E0%A5%A9" title="१९९३ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="१९९३" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993." title="1993. – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="1993." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AF%E0%A7%AF%E0%A7%A9" title="মারি ১৯৯৩ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মারি ১৯৯৩" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993-%C3%A6%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="1993-æм аз – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="1993-æм аз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B3%A7%E0%B3%AF%E0%B3%AF%E0%B3%A9" title="೧೯೯೩ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="೧೯೯೩" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1993 джыл – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="1993 джыл" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1993 жыл – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="1993 жыл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993-%D3%A7%D0%B4_%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="1993-ӧд во – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="1993-ӧд во" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_(almanak_gregoryen)" title="1993 (almanak gregoryen) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="1993 (almanak gregoryen)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_%D0%B8" title="1993 и – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="1993 и" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993._gads" title="1993. gads – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="1993. gads" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_%D0%B9%D0%B8%D1%81" title="1993 йис – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="1993 йис" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_m." title="1993 m. – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="1993 m." data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993moi" title="1993moi – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="1993moi" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AF%E0%A5%AF%E0%A5%A9" title="१९९३ – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="१९९३" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8._%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AF%E0%A5%AF%E0%A5%A9" title="इ.स. १९९३ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स. १९९३" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B9%DB%B9%DB%B3" title="۱۹۹۳ – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="۱۹۹۳" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_ni%C3%A8ng" title="1993 nièng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="1993 nièng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="1993 он – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="1993 он" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%81%E1%81%89%E1%81%89%E1%81%83" title="၁၉၉၃ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="၁၉၉၃" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993%E5%B9%B4" title="1993年 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1993年" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_%D1%88%D0%BE" title="1993 шо – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="1993 шо" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_iya" title="1993 iya – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="1993 iya" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%A7%E0%AD%AF%E0%AD%AF%E0%AD%A9" title="୧୯୯୩ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="୧୯୯୩" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AF%E0%A5%AF%E0%A5%A9" title="१९९३ – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="१९९३" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ty mw-list-item"><a href="https://ty.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Tahitian" lang="ty" hreflang="ty" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Reo tahiti" data-language-local-name="Tahitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Reo tahiti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joohr_1993" title="Joohr 1993 – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Joohr 1993" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="1993 год – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="1993 год" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993%D8%B9" title="1993ع – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="1993ع" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%A1%D9%A9%D9%A9%D9%A3" title="١٩٩٣ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="١٩٩٣" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="1993 ел – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="1993 ел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._2536" title="พ.ศ. 2536 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พ.ศ. 2536" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1993" title="Соли 1993 – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Соли 1993" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_%D0%B0%D1%80" title="1993 ар – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="1993 ар" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993%D8%A1" title="1993ء – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="1993ء" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_-_%D9%8A%D9%89%D9%84%D9%89" title="1993 - يىلى – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="1993 - يىلى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_nienz" title="1993 nienz – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="1993 nienz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E4%B9%9D%E4%B9%9D%E4%B8%89%E5%B9%B4" title="一九九三年 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="一九九三年" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993%E5%B9%B4" title="1993年 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="1993年" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993%E5%B9%B4" title="1993年 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="1993年" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" title="1993 – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="1993" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit 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ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <dl><dt><span id="1993-label"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1993</a></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/January_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="January 1993">January</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/February_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="February 1993">February</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/March_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="March 1993">March</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/April_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="April 1993">April</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/May_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="May 1993">May</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/June_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="June 1993">June</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/July_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="July 1993">July</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/August_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="August 1993">August</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/September_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="September 1993">September</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/October_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="October 1993">October</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/November_1993" title="November 1993">November</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/December_1993" title="December 1993">December</a></dd></dl> </div></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1993_Events_Collage.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/1993_Events_Collage.png/300px-1993_Events_Collage.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/1993_Events_Collage.png/450px-1993_Events_Collage.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/1993_Events_Collage.png/600px-1993_Events_Collage.png 2x" data-file-width="930" data-file-height="840" /></a><figcaption>From left, clockwise: <a href="/wiki/Ramzi_Yousef" title="Ramzi Yousef">Ramzi Yousef</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Islamic_terrorism" title="Islamic terrorism">Islamic terrorists</a> <a href="/wiki/1993_World_Trade_Center_bombing" title="1993 World Trade Center bombing">detonate a truck bomb</a> in the subterranean garage of <a href="/wiki/List_of_tenants_in_1_World_Trade_Center_(1971%E2%80%932001)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of tenants in 1 World Trade Center (1971–2001)">the North Tower</a> of the <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Center_(1973%E2%80%932001)" title="World Trade Center (1973–2001)">World Trade Center</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, killing 7 also known as the World Trade Center bombing; the <a href="/wiki/White_House_(Moscow)" title="White House (Moscow)">Russian White House</a> is shelled during a <a href="/wiki/1993_Russian_constitutional_crisis" title="1993 Russian constitutional crisis">constitutional crisis</a> after Russian president <a href="/wiki/Boris_Yeltsin" title="Boris Yeltsin">Boris Yeltsin</a> imposed a <a href="/wiki/Self-coup" title="Self-coup">self-coup</a>; <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a> is peacefully <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_Czechoslovakia" title="Dissolution of Czechoslovakia">dissolved</a> into the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a>; in the U.S., the <a href="/wiki/ATF" class="mw-redirect" title="ATF">ATF</a> <a href="/wiki/Waco_siege" title="Waco siege">besieges</a> a compound belonging to <a href="/wiki/David_Koresh" title="David Koresh">David Koresh</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Branch_Davidians" title="Branch Davidians">Branch Davidians</a> in a search for illegal weapons, which ends in the building being set alight and killing most inside; <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a> overwhelmingly votes to gain <a href="/wiki/1993_Eritrean_independence_referendum" title="1993 Eritrean independence referendum">independence</a> from <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a>; <a href="/wiki/1993_Storm_of_the_Century" title="1993 Storm of the Century">a major snow storm</a> passes over the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">U.S.</a> and <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, leading to 318 fatalities; <a href="/wiki/Drug_lord" title="Drug lord">drug lord</a> and <a href="/wiki/Narcoterrorism" title="Narcoterrorism">narcoterrorist</a> <a href="/wiki/Pablo_Escobar" title="Pablo Escobar">Pablo Escobar</a> is killed by <a href="/wiki/Military_Forces_of_Colombia" title="Military Forces of Colombia">Colombian special forces</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Oslo_I_Accord" title="Oslo I Accord">Oslo I Accord</a> is signed in an attempt to resolve the <a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict" title="Israeli–Palestinian conflict">Israeli–Palestinian conflict</a>.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the year 1993. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/1993_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="1993 (disambiguation)">1993 (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Calendar year</div> <table class="infobox" style="text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Millennium</a>: </th> <td><a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd millennium</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Centuries</a>: </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/19th_century" title="19th century">19th century</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/20th_century" title="20th century">20th century</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/21st_century" title="21st century">21st century</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Decades</a>: </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1970s" title="1970s">1970s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980s" title="1980s">1980s</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1990s" title="1990s">1990s</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000s" title="2000s">2000s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010s" title="2010s">2010s</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_years" title="List of years">Years</a>: </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AD_1990" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1990">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1991" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1991">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1992" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1992">1992</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/AD_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1993">1993</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1994" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1994">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1995" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1995">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1996">1996</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output 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.sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Category:1993" title="Category:1993">1993 by topic</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color: #f3f3f3"> Subject</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_animation" title="1993 in animation">Animation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_archaeology" title="1993 in archaeology">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_architecture" title="1993 in architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_art" title="1993 in art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_aviation" title="1993 in aviation">Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1993_awards" title="Category:1993 awards">Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_comics" title="1993 in comics">Comics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_film" title="1993 in film">Film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_literature" title="1993 in literature">Literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_poetry" title="1993 in poetry">Poetry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1993_meteorology" title="Category:1993 meteorology">Meteorology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_music" title="1993 in music">Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_country_music" title="1993 in country music">Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_heavy_metal_music" title="1993 in heavy metal music">Heavy metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_hip_hop_music" title="1993 in hip hop music">Hip hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_jazz" title="1993 in jazz">Jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Latin_music" title="1993 in Latin music">Latin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_rail_transport" title="1993 in rail transport">Rail transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_radio" title="1993 in radio">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_science" title="1993 in science">Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_spaceflight" title="1993 in spaceflight">Spaceflight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_sports" title="1993 in sports">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_association_football" title="1993 in association football">Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_television" title="1993 in television">Television</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_American_television" title="1993 in American television">American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Australian_television" title="1993 in Australian television">Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Belgian_television" title="1993 in Belgian television">Belgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Brazilian_television" title="1993 in Brazilian television">Brazilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_British_television" title="1993 in British television">British</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Scottish_television" title="1993 in Scottish television">Scottish</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Canadian_television" title="1993 in Canadian television">Canadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Danish_television" title="1993 in Danish television">Danish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Irish_television" title="1993 in Irish television">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Italian_television" title="1993 in Italian television">Italian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_video_games" title="1993 in video games">Video games</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color: #f3f3f3"> By country</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Afghanistan" title="1993 in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Australia" title="1993 in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Bangladesh" title="1993 in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Belgium" title="1993 in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Brazil" title="1993 in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="1993 in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Canada" title="1993 in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_China" title="1993 in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Colombia" title="1993 in Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Denmark" title="1993 in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Finland" title="1993 in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_France" title="1993 in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Germany" title="1993 in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Hungary" title="1993 in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_India" title="1993 in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Ireland" title="1993 in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Iran" title="1993 in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Israel" title="1993 in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Italy" title="1993 in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Japan" title="1993 in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Kuwait" title="1993 in Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Luxembourg" title="1993 in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Malaysia" title="1993 in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Mexico" title="1993 in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_the_Netherlands" title="1993 in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_New_Zealand" title="1993 in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Norway" title="1993 in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Pakistan" title="1993 in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_the_Philippines" title="1993 in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Portugal" title="1993 in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Russia" title="1993 in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Singapore" title="1993 in Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_South_Africa" title="1993 in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_South_Korea" title="1993 in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Sweden" title="1993 in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Switzerland" title="1993 in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Thailand" title="1993 in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Turkey" title="1993 in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Ukraine" title="1993 in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1993 in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_the_United_States" title="1993 in the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_in_Zimbabwe" class="mw-redirect" title="1993 in Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color: #f3f3f3"> Lists of leaders</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_in_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sovereign states in 1993">Sovereign states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="List of state leaders in 1993">Sovereign state leaders</a><br /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_dependent_territories_in_the_20th_century" title="List of governors of dependent territories in the 20th century">Territorial governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_20th-century_religious_leaders" title="List of 20th-century religious leaders">Religious leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1993_in_law" title="Category:1993 in law">Law</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color: #f3f3f3"> Birth and death categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1993_births" title="Category:1993 births">Births</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1993_deaths" title="Category:1993 deaths">Deaths</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color: #f3f3f3"> Establishments and disestablishments categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1993_establishments" title="Category:1993 establishments">Establishments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1993_disestablishments" title="Category:1993 disestablishments">Disestablishments</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color: #f3f3f3"> Works category</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1993_works" title="Category:1993 works">Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1993_introductions" title="Category:1993 introductions">Introductions</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:C20_year_in_topic" title="Template:C20 year in topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:C20_year_in_topic" title="Template talk:C20 year in topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:C20_year_in_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:C20 year in topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width:22em"><caption style="font-size:125%"><span class="summary dtstart">1993 in various <a href="/wiki/Calendar_era" title="Calendar era">calendars</a></span></caption><tbody><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a></td><td>1993<br /><span style="font-family: serif;"><i>MCMXCIII</i></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ab_urbe_condita" title="Ab urbe condita">Ab urbe condita</a></td><td>2746</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Armenian_calendar" title="Armenian calendar">Armenian calendar</a></td><td>1442<br />ԹՎ ՌՆԽԲ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_calendar" title="Assyrian calendar">Assyrian calendar</a></td><td>6743</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_calendar" title="Baháʼí calendar">Baháʼí calendar</a></td><td>149–150</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Balinese_saka_calendar" title="Balinese saka calendar">Balinese saka calendar</a></td><td>1914–1915</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali calendar">Bengali calendar</a></td><td>1400</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Berber_calendar" title="Berber calendar">Berber calendar</a></td><td>2943</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Regnal_years_of_English_and_British_monarchs" title="Regnal years of English and British monarchs">British Regnal year</a></td><td>41 <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Eliz. 2</a> – 42 <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Eliz. 2</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_calendar" title="Buddhist calendar">Buddhist calendar</a></td><td>2537</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Burmese_calendar" title="Burmese calendar">Burmese calendar</a></td><td>1355</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_calendar" title="Byzantine calendar">Byzantine calendar</a></td><td>7501–7502</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle" title="Sexagenary cycle">壬申</a>年 (Water <a href="/wiki/Monkey_(zodiac)" title="Monkey (zodiac)">Monkey</a>)<br />4690 or 4483<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />癸酉年 (Water <a href="/wiki/Rooster_(zodiac)" title="Rooster (zodiac)">Rooster</a>)<br />4691 or 4484</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar">Coptic calendar</a></td><td>1709–1710</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Discordian_calendar" title="Discordian calendar">Discordian calendar</a></td><td>3159</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian calendar</a></td><td>1985–1986</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew calendar</a></td><td>5753–5754</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendars</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></i></td><td>2049–2050</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Indian_national_calendar" title="Indian national calendar">Shaka Samvat</a></i></td><td>1914–1915</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali Yuga</a></i></td><td>5093–5094</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Holocene calendar</a></td><td>11993</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Igbo_calendar" title="Igbo calendar">Igbo calendar</a></td><td>993–994</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Iranian_calendars" title="Iranian calendars">Iranian calendar</a></td><td>1371–1372</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a></td><td>1413–1414</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Japanese_calendar" title="Japanese calendar">Japanese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Heisei" class="mw-redirect" title="Heisei">Heisei</a> 5<br />(平成５年)</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Javanese_calendar" title="Javanese calendar">Javanese calendar</a></td><td>1925–1926</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Juche_calendar" title="Juche calendar">Juche calendar</a></td><td>82</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a></td><td>Gregorian minus 13 days</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Korean_calendar" title="Korean calendar">Korean calendar</a></td><td>4326</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Minguo_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Minguo calendar">Minguo calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">ROC</a> 82<br />民國82年</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar" title="Nanakshahi calendar">Nanakshahi calendar</a></td><td>525</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Thai_solar_calendar" title="Thai solar calendar">Thai solar calendar</a></td><td>2536</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_calendar" title="Tibetan calendar">Tibetan calendar</a></td><td>阳水猴年<br />(male Water-<a href="/wiki/Monkey_(zodiac)" title="Monkey (zodiac)">Monkey</a>)<br />2119 or 1738 or 966<br />    <i>— to —</i><br />阴水鸡年<br />(female Water-<a href="/wiki/Rooster_(zodiac)" title="Rooster (zodiac)">Rooster</a>)<br />2120 or 1739 or 967</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Unix_time" title="Unix time">Unix time</a></td><td>725846400 – 757382399</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:1993" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:1993">1993</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <p><b>1993</b> (<a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">MCMXCIII</a>) was a <a href="/wiki/Common_year_starting_on_Friday" title="Common year starting on Friday">common year starting on Friday</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a>, the 1993rd year of the <a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">Common Era</a> (CE) and <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">Anno Domini</a></i></span> (AD) designations, the 993rd year of the <a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd millennium</a>, the 93rd year of the <a href="/wiki/20th_century" title="20th century">20th century</a>, and the 4th year of the <a href="/wiki/1990s" title="1990s">1990s</a> decade. </p><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Calendar year</div> <p>1993 was designated as: </p> <ul><li>International Year for the World's Indigenous People</li></ul> <p>The year 1993 in the <a href="/wiki/Kwajalein_Atoll" title="Kwajalein Atoll">Kwajalein Atoll</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Islands" title="Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a> had only 364 days, since its calendar advanced 24 hours to the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Hemisphere" title="Eastern Hemisphere">Eastern Hemisphere</a> side of the <a href="/wiki/International_Date_Line" title="International Date Line">International Date Line</a>, skipping <a href="/wiki/August_21" title="August 21">August 21</a>, 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-2"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1993&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January">January</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1993&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: January"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_1" title="January 1">January 1</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a> ceases to exist, as the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a> separate in the <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_Czechoslovakia" title="Dissolution of Czechoslovakia">Dissolution of Czechoslovakia</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Community" title="European Economic Community">European Economic Community</a> eliminates trade barriers and creates a European <a href="/wiki/Single_market" title="Single market">single market</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_3" title="January 3">January 3</a> – In Moscow, Presidents <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> (United States) and <a href="/wiki/Boris_Yeltsin" title="Boris Yeltsin">Boris Yeltsin</a> (Russia) sign the <a href="/wiki/START_II" title="START II">second Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_5" title="January 5">January 5</a> <ul><li>US$7.4 million is stolen from the <a href="/wiki/Brink%27s" title="Brink's">Brink's</a> Armored Car Depot in <a href="/wiki/Rochester,_New_York" title="Rochester, New York">Rochester, New York</a>, in the fifth largest robbery in U.S. history.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_Braer" title="MV Braer">MV <i>Braer</i></a>, a <a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberian</a>-registered <a href="/wiki/Oil_tanker" title="Oil tanker">oil tanker</a>, runs aground off the Scottish island of <a href="/wiki/Mainland,_Shetland" title="Mainland, Shetland">Mainland, Shetland</a>, causing a massive oil spill.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_6" title="January 6">January 6</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Hurd" title="Douglas Hurd">Douglas Hurd</a> is the first high-ranking British official to visit <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> since the <a href="/wiki/Falklands_War" title="Falklands War">Falklands War</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_6" title="January 6">January 6</a>–<a href="/wiki/January_20" title="January 20">20</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Bombay_riots" title="Bombay riots">Bombay riots</a> take place in <a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_7" title="January 7">January 7</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Republic_of_Ghana" class="mw-redirect" title="Fourth Republic of Ghana">Fourth Republic of Ghana</a> is inaugurated, with <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Rawlings" title="Jerry Rawlings">Jerry Rawlings</a> as president.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_8" title="January 8">January 8</a>–<a href="/wiki/January_17" title="January 17">17</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Braer_Storm_of_January_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="Braer Storm of January 1993">Braer Storm of January 1993</a>, the most intense <a href="/wiki/Extratropical_cyclone" title="Extratropical cyclone">extratropical cyclone</a> on record for the northern Atlantic Ocean, occurs.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_13" title="January 13">January 13</a> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Chemical_Weapons_Convention" title="Chemical Weapons Convention">Chemical Weapons Convention</a> (CWC) is signed.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_disarmament_crisis" title="Iraq disarmament crisis">Iraq disarmament crisis</a>: <a href="/wiki/January_1993_airstrikes_on_Iraq" title="January 1993 airstrikes on Iraq">US, British and French aircraft attack Iraqi Surface to Air Missile sites in Southern Iraq</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_14" title="January 14">January 14</a> – The Polish ferry <a href="/wiki/MS_Jan_Heweliusz" title="MS Jan Heweliusz">MS <i>Jan Heweliusz</i></a> <a href="/wiki/Sinking_of_the_MS_Jan_Heweliusz" title="Sinking of the MS Jan Heweliusz">sinks</a> off the coast of <a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCgen" title="Rügen">Rügen</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</a>, killing 54 people.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_19" title="January 19">January 19</a> – Iraq disarmament crisis: <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> refuses to allow UNSCOM inspectors to use its own aircraft to fly into Iraq and begins military operations in the demilitarized zone between Iraq and <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a>, and the northern <a href="/wiki/Iraqi_no-fly_zones" class="mw-redirect" title="Iraqi no-fly zones">Iraqi no-fly zones</a>. U.S. forces fire approximately 40 Tomahawk cruise missiles at <a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a> factories linked to Iraq's illegal nuclear weapons program (→ <a href="/wiki/January_1993_airstrikes_on_Iraq" title="January 1993 airstrikes on Iraq">January 1993 airstrikes on Iraq</a>). Iraq then informs UNSCOM that it will be able to resume its flights.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_20" title="January 20">January 20</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> is <a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Bill_Clinton" title="First inauguration of Bill Clinton">sworn in</a> as the 42nd <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_24" title="January 24">January 24</a> – In <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>, thousands protest against the murder of journalist <a href="/wiki/U%C4%9Fur_Mumcu" title="Uğur Mumcu">Uğur Mumcu</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_25" title="January 25">January 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Social_Democrats_(Denmark)" title="Social Democrats (Denmark)">Social Democrat</a> <a href="/wiki/Poul_Nyrup_Rasmussen" title="Poul Nyrup Rasmussen">Poul Nyrup Rasmussen</a> succeeds <a href="/wiki/Conservative_People%27s_Party_(Denmark)" title="Conservative People's Party (Denmark)">Conservative</a> <a href="/wiki/Poul_Schl%C3%BCter" title="Poul Schlüter">Poul Schlüter</a> as <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Denmark" title="Prime Minister of Denmark">Prime Minister of Denmark</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_26" title="January 26">January 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Havel" title="Václav Havel">Václav Havel</a> is elected President of the Czech Republic.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="February">February</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1993&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: February"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WTC_1993_ATF_Commons.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/WTC_1993_ATF_Commons.jpg/150px-WTC_1993_ATF_Commons.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/WTC_1993_ATF_Commons.jpg/225px-WTC_1993_ATF_Commons.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/WTC_1993_ATF_Commons.jpg/300px-WTC_1993_ATF_Commons.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="268" /></a><figcaption>The aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Center_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="World Trade Center bombing">World Trade Center bombing</a>.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/February_4" title="February 4">February 4</a> – Members of the right-wing Austrian <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Party_of_Austria" title="Freedom Party of Austria">Freedom Party of Austria</a> split to form the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Forum" title="Liberal Forum">Liberal Forum</a> in protest against the increasing nationalistic bent of the party.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_10" title="February 10">February 10</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lien_Chan" title="Lien Chan">Lien Chan</a> is named by <a href="/wiki/Lee_Teng-hui" title="Lee Teng-hui">Lee Teng-hui</a> to succeed <a href="/wiki/Hau_Pei-tsun" title="Hau Pei-tsun">Hau Pei-tsun</a> as <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Premier of the Republic of China">Premier of the Republic of China</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mani_pulite" title="Mani pulite">Mani pulite</a></i> scandal: Italian legislator <a href="/wiki/Claudio_Martelli" title="Claudio Martelli">Claudio Martelli</a> resigns, followed by various politicians over the next two weeks.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_14" title="February 14">February 14</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glafcos_Clerides" title="Glafcos Clerides">Glafcos Clerides</a> defeats incumbent <a href="/wiki/George_Vasiliou" class="mw-redirect" title="George Vasiliou">George Vasiliou</a> in the Cypriot presidential election.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Zafy" title="Albert Zafy">Albert Zafy</a> defeats <a href="/wiki/Didier_Ratsiraka" title="Didier Ratsiraka">Didier Ratsiraka</a> in the Madagascar presidential election.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_22" title="February 22">February 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_808" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 808">United Nations Security Council Resolution 808</a> is voted on, deciding that "an international tribunal shall be established" to prosecute violations of international law in <a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>. The tribunal is established on <a href="/wiki/May_25" title="May 25">May 25</a> by <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_827" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 827">Resolution 827</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_26" title="February 26">February 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Center_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="World Trade Center bombing">World Trade Center bombing</a>: In New York City, a van bomb parked below the North Tower of the <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Center_(1973-2001)" class="mw-redirect" title="World Trade Center (1973-2001)">World Trade Center</a> explodes, killing six people and injuring over one thousand.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="March">March</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1993&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: March"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/March_5" title="March 5">March 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Macedonia">Macedonian</a> <a href="/wiki/Palair" title="Palair">Palair</a> <a href="/wiki/Palair_Macedonian_Airlines_Flight_301" title="Palair Macedonian Airlines Flight 301">Flight 301</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Fokker_100" title="Fokker 100">F-100</a> on a flight to <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a>, crashes shortly after take-off from <a href="/wiki/Skopje" title="Skopje">Skopje</a>, killing 83 of the 97 on board.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_8" title="March 8">March 8</a> – The Moon moves into its nearest point to Earth, called perigee, at the same time as its fullest phase of the Lunar Cycle. The Moon appears to be 14% bigger and 30% brighter than the year's other full moons. The next time these two events coincided was in 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_11" title="March 11">March 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Janet_Reno" title="Janet Reno">Janet Reno</a> is confirmed by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a> and sworn in the next day, becoming the first female Attorney General of the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_12" title="March 12">March 12</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1993_Bombay_bombings" title="1993 Bombay bombings">1993 Bombay bombings</a>: Several bombs explode in <a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Bombay</a>, India, killing 257 and injuring hundreds more.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea_nuclear_weapons_program" class="mw-redirect" title="North Korea nuclear weapons program">North Korea nuclear weapons program</a>: <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a> announces that it plans to withdraw from the <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_Nonproliferation_Treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty">Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty</a> and refuses to allow inspectors access to nuclear sites, beginning the <a href="/wiki/1994_North_Korean_nuclear_crisis" title="1994 North Korean nuclear crisis">1993-94 North Korean Nuclear Crisis</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_13" title="March 13">March 13</a>–<a href="/wiki/March_15" title="March 15">15</a> – The <a href="/wiki/1993_Storm_of_the_Century" title="1993 Storm of the Century">Great Blizzard of 1993</a> strikes the eastern U.S., bringing record snowfall and other severe weather all the way from <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> to <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>; it reportedly kills 184 people.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_13" title="March 13">March 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/1993_Australian_federal_election" title="1993 Australian federal election">1993 Australian federal election</a>: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Keating" title="Paul Keating">Paul Keating</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party" title="Australian Labor Party">Labor</a> <a href="/wiki/Keating_government" title="Keating government">government</a> is re-elected with an increased majority, defeating the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Australia" title="Liberal Party of Australia">Liberal</a>/<a href="/wiki/National_Party_of_Australia" title="National Party of Australia">National</a> <a href="/wiki/Coalition_(Australia)" title="Coalition (Australia)">Coalition</a> led by <a href="/wiki/John_Hewson" title="John Hewson">John Hewson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_17" title="March 17">March 17</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party" title="Kurdistan Workers' Party">Kurdistan Workers' Party</a> announces a unilateral <a href="/wiki/Ceasefire" title="Ceasefire">ceasefire</a> in <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_24" title="March 24">March 24</a> <ul><li>The Israeli <a href="/wiki/Knesset" title="Knesset">Knesset</a> elects <a href="/wiki/Ezer_Weizman" title="Ezer Weizman">Ezer Weizman</a> as <a href="/wiki/President_of_Israel" title="President of Israel">President of Israel</a>.</li> <li>South Africa officially abandons its <a href="/wiki/South_Africa_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="South Africa and weapons of mass destruction">nuclear weapons programme</a>. President de Klerk announces that the country's six warheads had already been dismantled in <a href="/wiki/1989" title="1989">1989</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_27" title="March 27">March 27</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Zemin" title="Jiang Zemin">Jiang Zemin</a> becomes <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the People's Republic of China">President of the People's Republic of China</a>.</li> <li>Following a rash of <a href="/wiki/Integrism" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrism">integrist</a> murders (including those of foreigners), <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> breaks <a href="/wiki/Algeria%E2%80%93Iran_relations" title="Algeria–Iran relations">diplomatic relations with Iran</a>, accusing the country of interfering in its interior affairs.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahamane_Ousmane" title="Mahamane Ousmane">Mahamane Ousmane</a> is elected president of <a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_28" title="March 28">March 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/1993_French_legislative_election" title="1993 French legislative election">1993 French legislative election</a>: <a href="/wiki/Rally_for_the_Republic" title="Rally for the Republic">Rally for the Republic</a> (Gaullist party) wins a majority and <a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Balladur" title="Édouard Balladur">Édouard Balladur</a> becomes <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_France" title="Prime Minister of France">Prime Minister</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_29" title="March 29">March 29</a> – The <a href="/wiki/65th_Academy_Awards" title="65th Academy Awards">65th Academy Awards</a>, hosted by <a href="/wiki/Billy_Crystal" title="Billy Crystal">Billy Crystal</a>, are held at the <a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Chandler_Pavilion" title="Dorothy Chandler Pavilion">Dorothy Chandler Pavilion</a> in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, with <i><a href="/wiki/Unforgiven" title="Unforgiven">Unforgiven</a></i> winning <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" title="Academy Award for Best Picture">Best Picture</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="April">April</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1993&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: April"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>April–May – <a href="/wiki/1993_Four_Corners_hantavirus_outbreak" title="1993 Four Corners hantavirus outbreak">1993 Four Corners hantavirus outbreak</a>: Thirteen people are killed by <a href="/wiki/Hantavirus_pulmonary_syndrome" title="Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome">Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome</a>, mainly in the <a href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">Southwestern United States</a>.</li> <li>April–October – <a href="/wiki/Great_Flood_of_1993" title="Great Flood of 1993">Great Flood of 1993</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Missouri_River" title="Missouri River">Missouri Rivers</a> flood large portions of the American Midwest.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_8" title="April 8">April 8</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Macedonia">Republic of Macedonia</a> is admitted to the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_11" title="April 11">April 11</a> – Four hundred fifty prisoners <a href="/wiki/Riot" title="Riot">rioted</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Ohio_Correctional_Facility" title="Southern Ohio Correctional Facility">Southern Ohio Correctional Facility</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lucasville,_Ohio" title="Lucasville, Ohio">Lucasville, Ohio</a>, and continued to do so for ten days, citing grievances related to prison conditions, as well as the forced vaccination of <a href="/wiki/Nation_of_Islam" title="Nation of Islam">Nation of Islam</a> prisoners (for <a href="/wiki/Tuberculosis" title="Tuberculosis">tuberculosis</a>) against their religious beliefs.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_16" title="April 16">April 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bosnian_War" title="Bosnian War">Bosnian War</a>: the enclave of <a href="/wiki/Srebrenica" title="Srebrenica">Srebrenica</a> is declared a UN-protected "safe area".</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_19" title="April 19">April 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Waco_siege" title="Waco siege">Waco siege</a>: A 51-day stand-off at the Branch Davidian compound near <a href="/wiki/Waco,_Texas" title="Waco, Texas">Waco, Texas</a>, ends with a fire that kills 76 people, including <a href="/wiki/David_Koresh" title="David Koresh">David Koresh</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_20" title="April 20">April 20</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Council_for_National_Academic_Awards" title="Council for National Academic Awards">Council for National Academic Awards</a>, the national degree-awarding authority in the United Kingdom, is officially dissolved. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Backstreet_Boys" title="Backstreet Boys">Backstreet Boys</a> were formed in <a href="/wiki/Orlando,_Florida" title="Orlando, Florida">Orlando</a>, <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_21" title="April 21">April 21</a> – The Supreme Court in <a href="/wiki/La_Paz" title="La Paz">La Paz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a>, sentences former dictator <a href="/wiki/Luis_Garcia_Meza" class="mw-redirect" title="Luis Garcia Meza">Luis Garcia Meza</a> to 30 years in jail without parole for murder, theft, fraud and violating the constitution.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_23" title="April 23">April 23</a> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a> declares <a href="/wiki/Tuberculosis" title="Tuberculosis">tuberculosis</a> a global emergency.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritreans</a> vote overwhelmingly for independence from <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a> in a <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>-monitored referendum, the <a href="/wiki/1993_Eritrean_independence_referendum" title="1993 Eritrean independence referendum">1993 Eritrean independence referendum</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_26" title="April 26">April 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Luigi_Scalfaro" title="Oscar Luigi Scalfaro">Oscar Luigi Scalfaro</a> appoints <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Azeglio_Ciampi" title="Carlo Azeglio Ciampi">Carlo Azeglio Ciampi</a> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Italy" title="Prime Minister of Italy">Prime Minister of Italy</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_27" title="April 27">April 27</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a>: Eritrean independence is declared verified by the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Yemeni_parliamentary_election" title="1993 Yemeni parliamentary election">1993 Yemeni parliamentary election</a>: The <a href="/wiki/General_People%27s_Congress_(Yemen)" title="General People's Congress (Yemen)">General People's Congress of Yemen</a> wins a <a href="/wiki/Plurality_(voting)" title="Plurality (voting)">plurality</a> of 121 seats.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Zambia_national_football_team_plane_crash" title="1993 Zambia national football team plane crash">1993 Zambia national football team plane crash</a>: All members of the <a href="/wiki/Zambia_national_football_team" title="Zambia national football team">Zambia national football team</a> die in a <a href="/wiki/Plane_crash" class="mw-redirect" title="Plane crash">plane crash</a> off Libreville, Gabon en route to <a href="/wiki/Dakar" title="Dakar">Dakar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_30" title="April 30">April 30</a> – Tennis player <a href="/wiki/Monica_Seles" title="Monica Seles">Monica Seles</a> – at this time the top-ranked player in women's tennis – is stabbed during a match at the <a href="/wiki/1993_Citizen_Cup" title="1993 Citizen Cup">1993 Citizen Cup</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="May">May</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1993&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: May"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/May_1" title="May 1">May 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Ranasinghe_Premadasa" title="Assassination of Ranasinghe Premadasa">Assassination of Ranasinghe Premadasa</a>: During a <a href="/wiki/International_Workers%27_Day" title="International Workers' Day">May Day</a> rally, <a href="/wiki/President_of_Sri_Lanka" title="President of Sri Lanka">President of Sri Lanka</a> <a href="/wiki/Ranasinghe_Premadasa" title="Ranasinghe Premadasa">Ranasinghe Premadasa</a> is assassinated by a <a href="/wiki/Liberation_Tigers_of_Tamil_Eelam" title="Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam">Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam</a> <a href="/wiki/Suicide_Bomber" class="mw-redirect" title="Suicide Bomber">suicide bomber</a>. <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Prime Minister of Sri Lanka">Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Dingiri_Banda_Wijetunga" title="Dingiri Banda Wijetunga">Dingiri Banda Wijetunga</a> succeeds Premadasa as the 3rd executive president of <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_4" title="May 4">May 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/UNOSOM_II" class="mw-redirect" title="UNOSOM II">UNOSOM II</a> assumes the <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalian</a> duties of the dissolved <a href="/wiki/UNITAF" class="mw-redirect" title="UNITAF">UNITAF</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_9" title="May 9">May 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Juan_Carlos_Wasmosy" title="Juan Carlos Wasmosy">Juan Carlos Wasmosy</a> becomes the first democratically elected <a href="/wiki/President_of_Paraguay" title="President of Paraguay">President of Paraguay</a> in nearly 40 years, after defeating <a href="/wiki/Domingo_La%C3%ADno" title="Domingo Laíno">Domingo Laíno</a> in the <a href="/wiki/1993_Paraguayan_general_election" title="1993 Paraguayan general election">1993 Paraguayan general election</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_15" title="May 15">May 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Niamh_Kavanagh" title="Niamh Kavanagh">Niamh Kavanagh</a> wins the <a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_1993" title="Eurovision Song Contest 1993">Eurovision Song Contest</a> for Ireland with <i><a href="/wiki/In_Your_Eyes_(Niamh_Kavanagh_song)" title="In Your Eyes (Niamh Kavanagh song)">In Your Eyes</a></i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_16" title="May 16">May 16</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Grand_National_Assembly_of_Turkey" title="Grand National Assembly of Turkey">Grand National Assembly of Turkey</a> elects Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCleyman_Demirel" title="Süleyman Demirel">Süleyman Demirel</a> as <a href="/wiki/President_of_Turkey" title="President of Turkey">President of Turkey</a>. After Demirel becomes president, the acting <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Turkey" title="Prime Minister of Turkey">Prime Minister of Turkey</a> is <a href="/wiki/Erdal_%C4%B0n%C3%B6n%C3%BC" title="Erdal İnönü">Erdal İnönü</a> of <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Populist_Party_(Turkey)" title="Social Democratic Populist Party (Turkey)">Social Democratic Populist Party</a> for 40 days.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_19" title="May 19">May 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/SAM_Colombia_Flight_501" title="SAM Colombia Flight 501">SAM Colombia Flight 501</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Boeing_727-46" class="mw-redirect" title="Boeing 727-46">Boeing 727-46</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aviation_accidents_and_incidents" title="Aviation accidents and incidents">crashed</a> during its approach to <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_C%C3%B3rdova_International_Airport" title="José María Córdova International Airport">José María Córdova International Airport</a>, Colombia, killing all 132 occupants onboard.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_24" title="May 24">May 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a> gains independence from <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_25" title="May 25">May 25</a> – The <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia" title="International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia">International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia</a> is created in <a href="/wiki/The_Hague" title="The Hague">The Hague</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_28" title="May 28">May 28</a> – Eritrea and <a href="/wiki/Monaco" title="Monaco">Monaco</a> gain entry to the United Nations.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="June">June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1993&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/June_1" title="June 1">June 1</a> <ul><li>Large protests erupt against <a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Slobodan Milošević">Slobodan Milošević</a>'s regime in <a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a>; opposition leader <a href="/wiki/Vuk_Dra%C5%A1kovi%C4%87" title="Vuk Drašković">Vuk Drašković</a> and his wife Danica are arrested.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Guatemala" title="President of Guatemala">President of Guatemala</a> <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Serrano_El%C3%ADas" title="Jorge Serrano Elías">Jorge Serrano Elías</a> is forced to flee the country after an attempted <a href="/wiki/Self-coup" title="Self-coup">self-coup</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Burundian_presidential_election" title="1993 Burundian presidential election">1993 Burundian presidential election</a>: The first multiparty elections in Burundi since the country's independence lead to the election of <a href="/wiki/Melchior_Ndadaye" title="Melchior Ndadaye">Melchior Ndadaye</a>, leader of the <a href="/wiki/Front_for_Democracy_in_Burundi" title="Front for Democracy in Burundi">Front for Democracy in Burundi</a>. The next day's <a href="/wiki/1993_Burundian_legislative_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1993 Burundian legislative election">legislative election</a> sees his party win with an overwhelming majority.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_5" title="June 5">June 5</a> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Venezuela" title="National Assembly of Venezuela">National Assembly of Venezuela</a> designates <a href="/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Jos%C3%A9_Vel%C3%A1squez" title="Ramón José Velásquez">Ramón José Velásquez</a> as successor of suspended <a href="/wiki/President_of_Venezuela" title="President of Venezuela">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Andr%C3%A9s_P%C3%A9rez" title="Carlos Andrés Pérez">Carlos Andrés Pérez</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_1993_attack_on_Pakistani_military_in_Somalia" title="June 1993 attack on Pakistani military in Somalia">Attack on Pakistani military in Somalia</a>: twenty-four <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistani</a> troops in the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Operation_in_Somalia_II" title="United Nations Operation in Somalia II">United Nations forces</a> are killed in <a href="/wiki/Mogadishu" title="Mogadishu">Mogadishu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_6" title="June 6">June 6</a> <ul><li>Following the <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Nationalist_Movement" title="Revolutionary Nationalist Movement">Revolutionary Nationalist Movement</a>'s <a href="/wiki/1993_Bolivian_general_election" title="1993 Bolivian general election">victory</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_S%C3%A1nchez_de_Lozada" title="Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada">Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada</a> becomes President of Bolivia.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a> holds its first direct <a href="/wiki/1993_Mongolian_presidential_election" title="1993 Mongolian presidential election">presidential elections</a>, <a href="/wiki/Punsalmaagiin_Ochirbat" title="Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat">Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat</a> remains president.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_8" title="June 8">June 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kurdish%E2%80%93Turkish_conflict_(1978%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)">Kurdish–Turkish conflict</a>: the <a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party" title="Kurdistan Workers' Party">PKK</a>-declared <a href="/wiki/1993_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party_ceasefire" title="1993 Kurdistan Workers' Party ceasefire">ceasefire</a> ends in <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_14" title="June 14">June 14</a> – Multipartyists win <a href="/wiki/1993_Malawian_democracy_referendum" title="1993 Malawian democracy referendum">a referendum</a> on the future of the one-party system in <a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_18" title="June 18">June 18</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_disarmament_crisis" title="Iraq disarmament crisis">Iraq disarmament crisis</a>: Iraq refuses to allow <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Special_Commission" title="United Nations Special Commission">UNSCOM</a> weapons inspectors to install remote-controlled monitoring cameras at two missile engine test stands.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/KTTV" title="KTTV">KTTV</a> launched <a href="/wiki/Good_Day_L.A." title="Good Day L.A.">Good Day L.A.</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_22" title="June 22">June 22</a> – Japan's <a href="/wiki/New_Party_Sakigake" title="New Party Sakigake">New Party Sakigake</a> breaks away from the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)">Liberal Democratic Party</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_24" title="June 24">June 24</a> – UK mathematician <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Wiles" title="Andrew Wiles">Andrew Wiles</a> wins worldwide fame after presenting his proof of <a href="/wiki/Fermat%27s_Last_Theorem" title="Fermat's Last Theorem">Fermat's Last Theorem</a>, a problem that had been unsolved for more than three centuries.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_25" title="June 25">June 25</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell">Kim Campbell</a> becomes the 19th, and first female, <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister of Canada</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tansu_%C3%87iller" title="Tansu Çiller">Tansu Çiller</a> of <a href="/wiki/True_Path_Party_(Turkey)" class="mw-redirect" title="True Path Party (Turkey)">True Path Party</a> forms the new government of <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoran_Lili%C4%87" title="Zoran Lilić">Zoran Lilić</a> succeeds <a href="/wiki/Dobrica_%C4%86osi%C4%87" title="Dobrica Ćosić">Dobrica Ćosić</a> as <a href="/wiki/President_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro" title="President of Serbia and Montenegro">President of Yugoslavia</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_litas" title="Lithuanian litas">litas</a> is introduced as the new currency of <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Attali" title="Jacques Attali">Jacques Attali</a> resigns as President of the <a href="/wiki/European_Bank_for_Reconstruction_and_Development" title="European Bank for Reconstruction and Development">European Bank for Reconstruction and Development</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_26" title="June 26">June 26</a>–<a href="/wiki/June_28" title="June 28">28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Typhoon_Koryn_(1993)" title="Typhoon Koryn (1993)">Typhoon Koryn</a> causes massive damage to the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, China and <a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_27" title="June 27">June 27</a> – U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> orders a <a href="/wiki/Cruise_missile_strikes_on_Iraq_(June_1993)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cruise missile strikes on Iraq (June 1993)">cruise missile attack on Iraqi intelligence headquarters</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Al-Mansur" title="Al-Mansur">Al-Mansur</a> District of <a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a>, in response to an Iraqi plot to assassinate former U.S. President <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> during his visit to Kuwait in mid-April.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_29" title="June 29">June 29</a> – The first <a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone" title="Mobile phone">mobile</a> <a href="/wiki/Telephone_call" title="Telephone call">phone call</a> was made in <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>, marking the launch of <a href="/wiki/Mobile_telephony" title="Mobile telephony">mobile telephony</a> services in the country by <a href="/wiki/Nova_(Greece)" title="Nova (Greece)">Telestet (now NOVA)</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July">July</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1993&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: July"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_5" title="July 5">July 5</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_disarmament_crisis" title="Iraq disarmament crisis">Iraq disarmament crisis</a>: UN inspection teams leave Iraq. Iraq then agrees to <a href="/wiki/UNSCOM" class="mw-redirect" title="UNSCOM">UNSCOM</a> demands and the inspection teams return.</li> <li>Electrochemist <a href="/wiki/Faiza_Al-Kharafi" title="Faiza Al-Kharafi">Faiza Al-Kharafi</a> is appointed rector (president) of <a href="/wiki/Kuwait_University" title="Kuwait University">Kuwait University</a>, the first woman to head a major university in the Middle East.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_7" title="July 7">July 7</a>–<a href="/wiki/July_9" title="July 9">9</a> – The <a href="/wiki/19th_G7_summit" title="19th G7 summit">19th G7 summit</a> is held in Tokyo, Japan.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_8" title="July 8">July 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/1993_India_floods" title="1993 India floods">Monsoonal floods in South Asia</a> begin, going on to kill more than three thousand people over the next month.<sup id="cite_ref-dartmouth-register_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dartmouth-register-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_11" title="July 11">July 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Calvin_(1993)" title="Hurricane Calvin (1993)">Hurricane Calvin</a> lands in Mexico. It is the second Pacific hurricane on record to land in Mexico in July and kills 34.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_12" title="July 12">July 12</a> – The 7.7 M<sub>w</sub>  <a href="/wiki/1993_Okushiri_earthquake" title="1993 Okushiri earthquake">Hokkaidō earthquake</a> affects northern Japan with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (<i>Severe</i>) and triggers a devastating <a href="/wiki/Tsunami" title="Tsunami">tsunami</a> that kills 230 on the small island of <a href="/wiki/Okushiri,_Hokkaido" title="Okushiri, Hokkaido">Okushiri, Hokkaido</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_19" title="July 19">July 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/1993_Japanese_general_election" title="1993 Japanese general election">1993 Japanese general election</a>: The loss of majority of the Liberal Democratic Party results in a coalition taking power.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_25" title="July 25">July 25</a> – In a <a href="/wiki/Terrorist_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Terrorist attack">terrorist attack</a> members of the <a href="/wiki/Azanian_People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="Azanian People's Liberation Army">Azanian People's Liberation Army</a> open fire on a congregation inside <a href="/wiki/Saint_James%27_Church_Massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint James' Church Massacre">St James Church</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kenilworth,_Cape_Town" title="Kenilworth, Cape Town">Kenilworth, Cape Town</a>, killing eleven and injuring fifty.<sup id="cite_ref-Jeffery_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jeffery-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_26" title="July 26">July 26</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Indurain" class="mw-redirect" title="Miguel Indurain">Miguel Indurain</a> wins the <a href="/wiki/1993_Tour_de_France" title="1993 Tour de France">1993 Tour de France</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asiana_Airlines_Flight_733" title="Asiana Airlines Flight 733">Asiana Airlines Flight 733</a> crashes into Mt. Ungeo in <a href="/wiki/Haenam" class="mw-redirect" title="Haenam">Haenam</a>, South Korea; 68 are killed.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_29" title="July 29">July 29</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Israeli_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli Supreme Court">Israeli Supreme Court</a> acquits accused <a href="/wiki/Nazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazi">Nazi</a> death camp guard <a href="/wiki/John_Demjanjuk" title="John Demjanjuk">John Demjanjuk</a> of all charges and he is set free.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="August">August</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1993&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: August"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>August – The <a href="/wiki/European_Exchange_Rate_Mechanism" title="European Exchange Rate Mechanism">European Exchange Rate Mechanism</a> margin was expanded to 15% to accommodate <a href="/wiki/Speculation" title="Speculation">speculation</a> against the <a href="/wiki/French_franc" title="French franc">French franc</a> and other currencies.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_5" title="August 5">August 5</a> – The discovery of the <a href="/wiki/Tel_Dan_Stele" class="mw-redirect" title="Tel Dan Stele">Tel Dan Stele</a>, the first archaeological confirmation of the existence of the <a href="/wiki/Davidic_line" title="Davidic line">Davidic line</a>, is announced.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_9" title="August 9">August 9</a> – King <a href="/wiki/Albert_II_of_Belgium" title="Albert II of Belgium">Albert II of Belgium</a> is sworn into office nine days after the death of his brother, King <a href="/wiki/Baudouin_of_Belgium" title="Baudouin of Belgium">Baudouin I</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_13" title="August 13">August 13</a> – More than 130 die in the <a href="/wiki/Collapse_of_the_Royal_Plaza_Hotel" title="Collapse of the Royal Plaza Hotel">collapse of Royal Plaza Hotel</a> at <a href="/wiki/Nakhon_Ratchasima" title="Nakhon Ratchasima">Nakhon Ratchasima</a> in <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a>'s worst hotel disaster.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_21" title="August 21">August 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> loses radio contact with the <a href="/wiki/Mars_Observer" title="Mars Observer">Mars Observer</a> orbiter 3 days before the spacecraft is scheduled to enter orbit around <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_28" title="August 28">August 28</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ong_Teng_Cheong" title="Ong Teng Cheong">Ong Teng Cheong</a> becomes the first <a href="/wiki/President_of_Singapore" title="President of Singapore">President of Singapore</a> elected by the population.</li> <li>The first <i><a href="/wiki/Power_Rangers" title="Power Rangers">Power Rangers</a></i> series, <i><a href="/wiki/Mighty_Morphin_Power_Rangers" title="Mighty Morphin Power Rangers">Mighty Morphin Power Rangers</a></i> (an adaptation of <i><a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%8Dry%C5%AB_Sentai_Zyuranger" title="Kyōryū Sentai Zyuranger">Kyōryū Sentai Zyuranger</a></i>), <a href="/wiki/Day_of_the_Dumpster" title="Day of the Dumpster">premieres</a> in the United States.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_31" title="August 31">August 31</a> – Russia completes removing its troops from <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="September">September</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1993&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: September"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/September_13" title="September 13">September 13</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1993_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1993 Norwegian parliamentary election">1993 Norwegian parliamentary election</a>: The Labour Party wins a plurality of the seats and Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Gro_Harlem_Brundtland" title="Gro Harlem Brundtland">Gro Harlem Brundtland</a> retains office.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oslo_I_Accord" title="Oslo I Accord">Oslo I Accord</a>: Following initially secret talks from earlier in the year, <a href="/wiki/PLO" class="mw-redirect" title="PLO">PLO</a> leader <a href="/wiki/Yasser_Arafat" title="Yasser Arafat">Yasser Arafat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israeli</a> prime minister <a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Rabin" title="Yitzhak Rabin">Yitzhak Rabin</a> shake hands in Washington, D.C. after signing a peace accord.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_15" title="September 15">September 15</a>–<a href="/wiki/September_21" title="September 21">21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Gert_(1993)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane Gert (1993)">Hurricane Gert</a> crosses from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean through Central America and Mexico.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_17" title="September 17">September 17</a> – Russian troops withdraw from Poland.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_19" title="September 19">September 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/1993_Polish_parliamentary_election" title="1993 Polish parliamentary election">1993 Polish parliamentary election</a>: A coalition of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Left_Alliance_(Poland)" title="Democratic Left Alliance (Poland)">Democratic Left Alliance</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Polish_People%27s_Party" title="Polish People's Party">Polish People's Party</a> led by <a href="/wiki/Waldemar_Pawlak" title="Waldemar Pawlak">Waldemar Pawlak</a> comes into power.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_22" title="September 22">September 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Big_Bayou_Canot_train_disaster" class="mw-redirect" title="Big Bayou Canot train disaster">Big Bayou Canot train disaster</a>: A bridge collapses while the Amtrak <i><a href="/wiki/Sunset_Limited" title="Sunset Limited">Sunset Limited</a></i> is in the process of crossing it, killing 47 people.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_23" title="September 23">September 23</a> – The <a href="/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee" title="International Olympic Committee">International Olympic Committee</a> selects <a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a>, Australia, to host the <a href="/wiki/2000_Summer_Olympics" title="2000 Summer Olympics">2000 Summer Olympics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_24" title="September 24">September 24</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodian</a> monarchy is restored, with <a href="/wiki/Norodom_Sihanouk" title="Norodom Sihanouk">Norodom Sihanouk</a> as king.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_26" title="September 26">September 26</a> <ul><li>The first mission in <a href="/wiki/Biosphere_2" title="Biosphere 2">Biosphere 2</a> ends after two years.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PoSAT-1" title="PoSAT-1">PoSAT-1</a> (the first Portuguese satellite) is launched on board French rocket <a href="/wiki/Ariane_4" title="Ariane 4">Ariane 4</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_27" title="September 27">September 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/War_in_Abkhazia_(1992%E2%80%9393)" class="mw-redirect" title="War in Abkhazia (1992–93)">War in Abkhazia</a>: <a href="/wiki/Sukhumi_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Sukhumi massacre">Fall of Sukhumi</a> – <a href="/wiki/Eduard_Shevardnadze" title="Eduard Shevardnadze">Eduard Shevardnadze</a> accuses Russia of passive complicity.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_30" title="September 30">September 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/1993_Latur_earthquake" title="1993 Latur earthquake">Latur earthquake</a>: A 6.2 M<sub>w</sub>  earthquake occurs in the vicinity of <a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a>, India having a maximum <a href="/wiki/Mercalli_intensity_scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercalli intensity scale">Mercalli intensity</a> of VIII (<i>Severe</i>), killing 9,748 and injuring 30,000.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="October">October</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1993&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: October"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_3" title="October 3">October 3</a>–<a href="/wiki/October_4" title="October 4">4</a>– <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mogadishu_(1993)" title="Battle of Mogadishu (1993)">Battle of Mogadishu</a>: The U.S. Army conducts <a href="/wiki/Operation_Gothic_Serpent" title="Operation Gothic Serpent">Operation Gothic Serpent</a> in the city of <a href="/wiki/Mogadishu" title="Mogadishu">Mogadishu</a>, Somalia, deploying Task Force Ranger. Two U.S. Army <a href="/wiki/UH-60_Blackhawk" class="mw-redirect" title="UH-60 Blackhawk">UH-60 Blackhawks</a> are shot down and the operation leaves over 1,000 Somalians dead and over 74 Americans wounded in action, 18 killed and 1 captured.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_4" title="October 4">October 4</a> – The <a href="/wiki/1993_Russian_constitutional_crisis" title="1993 Russian constitutional crisis">Russian constitutional crisis</a> culminates with Russian military and security forces, using tanks and clearing the <a href="/wiki/White_House_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="White House of Russia">White House of Russia</a> Parliament building by force, quashing a mass uprising against President <a href="/wiki/Boris_Yeltsin" title="Boris Yeltsin">Boris Yeltsin</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_5" title="October 5">October 5</a> – China performs a <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_test" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear test">nuclear test</a>, ending a worldwide <i>de facto</i> <a href="/wiki/Moratorium_(law)" title="Moratorium (law)">moratorium</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_9" title="October 9">October 9</a> – The South Korean ferry <i><a href="/wiki/Sinking_of_the_MV_Seohae" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinking of the MV Seohae">Seohae</a></i> capsizes off <a href="/wiki/Pusan" class="mw-redirect" title="Pusan">Pusan</a>, South Korea; 292 are killed.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_11" title="October 11">October 11</a>–<a href="/wiki/October_28" title="October 28">28</a> – The <a href="/wiki/UNMIH" class="mw-redirect" title="UNMIH">UNMIH</a> is prevented from entering <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a> by its military-led regime. On <a href="/wiki/October_18" title="October 18">October 18</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> economic sanctions (abolished in August) are reinstated. U.S. President Bill Clinton sends 6 American warships to enforce them.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_13" title="October 13">October 13</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1993_Greek_legislative_election" title="1993 Greek legislative election">1993 Greek legislative election</a>: <a href="/wiki/Andreas_Papandreou" title="Andreas Papandreou">Andreas Papandreou</a> begins his second term as <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Greece" title="Prime Minister of Greece">Prime Minister of Greece</a>.</li> <li>The fifth summit of the <a href="/wiki/Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie" title="Organisation internationale de la Francophonie">Francophonie</a> opens in <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/1993_Finisterre_earthquakes" title="1993 Finisterre earthquakes">1993 Finisterre earthquakes</a> in Papua New Guinea kill at least 60 due to landslides.<sup id="cite_ref-USGS_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGS-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_19" title="October 19">October 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Benazir_Bhutto" title="Benazir Bhutto">Benazir Bhutto</a> becomes the Prime Minister of Pakistan for the second time.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_21" title="October 21">October 21</a> – A coup in <a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a> results in the death of president <a href="/wiki/Melchior_Ndadaye" title="Melchior Ndadaye">Melchior Ndadaye</a> and sparks the <a href="/wiki/Burundi_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Burundi Civil War">Burundi Civil War</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_25" title="October 25">October 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/1993_Canadian_federal_election" title="1993 Canadian federal election">1993 Canadian federal election</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Jean Chrétien</a> and his <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal Party</a> defeat the governing <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Canada">Progressive Conservative Party</a>, which falls to a historic low of two seats.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_27" title="October 27">October 27</a>–<a href="/wiki/October_31" title="October 31">31</a> – The Southland Firestorm, formed of more than fourteen separate fires in Southern California burning simultaneously, burns more than 700 homes and 160,000 acres.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two of these fire are the <a href="/wiki/Laguna_Fire_(1993)" title="Laguna Fire (1993)">Laguna Fire</a> which burned more than 16,000 acres (6,500 hectares), destroyed hundreds of homes and caused $528 million in damage in <a href="/wiki/Orange_County,_California" title="Orange County, California">Orange County, California</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Kinneloa_Fire" title="Kinneloa Fire">Kinneloa Fire</a> in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County,_California" title="Los Angeles County, California">Los Angeles County, California</a> which caused a fatality.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="November">November</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1993&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: November"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/November_1993" title="November 1993">November 1993</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/November_1" title="November 1">November 1</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Maastricht_Treaty" title="Maastricht Treaty">Maastricht Treaty</a> takes effect, formally establishing the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_4" title="November 4">November 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Jean Chrétien</a> becomes the 20th <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister of Canada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_5" title="November 5">November 5</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a> passes the <a href="/wiki/Railways_Act_1993" title="Railways Act 1993">Railways Act 1993</a>, setting out the procedures for <a href="/wiki/Privatisation_of_British_Rail" title="Privatisation of British Rail">privatisation of British Rail</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_9" title="November 9">November 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Croats_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnian Croat</a> forces destroy the <i><a href="/wiki/Stari_Most" title="Stari Most">Stari Most</a></i>, or Old Bridge of <a href="/wiki/Mostar" title="Mostar">Mostar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>, by tank fire.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_12" title="November 12">November 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/London_Convention_on_the_Prevention_of_Marine_Pollution_by_Dumping_of_Wastes_and_Other_Matter" title="London Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter">London Convention</a>: Marine dumping of <a href="/wiki/Radioactive_waste" title="Radioactive waste">radioactive waste</a> is outlawed.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_14" title="November 14">November 14</a> – In <a href="/wiki/1993_Puerto_Rican_status_referendum" title="1993 Puerto Rican status referendum">a status referendum</a>, residents of <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a> vote by a slim margin to maintain <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_(U.S._insular_area)" title="Commonwealth (U.S. insular area)">Commonwealth</a> status.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_17" title="November 17">November 17</a>–<a href="/wiki/November_22" title="November 22">22</a> – The <a href="/wiki/North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="North American Free Trade Agreement">North American Free Trade Agreement</a> (NAFTA) passes the legislative houses in the United States, Canada and Mexico.</li> <li>November 17 <ul><li>In Nigeria, General <a href="/wiki/Sani_Abacha" title="Sani Abacha">Sani Abacha</a> ousts the government of <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Shonekan" title="Ernest Shonekan">Ernest Shonekan</a> in a military coup.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The first meeting of the <a href="/wiki/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation" title="Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation">Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation</a> summit opens in <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_20" title="November 20">November 20</a> – An Avioimpex <a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-42D" class="mw-redirect" title="Yakovlev Yak-42D">Yakovlev Yak-42D</a> crashes into Mount Trojani near <a href="/wiki/Ohrid" title="Ohrid">Ohrid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Macedonia">Macedonia</a>. All 8 crew members and 115 of the 116 passengers are killed.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_28" title="November 28">November 28</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/The_Observer" title="The Observer">The Observer</a></i> reveals that a channel of communications has existed between the <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Provisional Irish Republican Army">Provisional Irish Republican Army</a> and the British government, despite the government's persistent denials.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_30" title="November 30">November 30</a> <ul><li>An agreement establishing the Permanent Tripartite Commission for East African Co-operation is signed.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> signs the <a href="/wiki/Brady_Handgun_Violence_Prevention_Act" title="Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act">Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="December">December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1993&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/December_1993" title="December 1993">December 1993</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/December_2" title="December 2">December 2</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/STS-61" title="STS-61">STS-61</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> launches the Space Shuttle <i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Endeavour" title="Space Shuttle Endeavour">Endeavour</a></i> on a mission to repair an optical flaw in the <a href="/wiki/Hubble_Space_Telescope" title="Hubble Space Telescope">Hubble Space Telescope</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombian</a> drug lord <a href="/wiki/Pablo_Escobar" title="Pablo Escobar">Pablo Escobar</a> is gunned down by police.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_5" title="December 5">December 5</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Omar_Bongo" title="Omar Bongo">Omar Bongo</a> is re-elected as <a href="/wiki/President_of_Gabon" title="President of Gabon">President of Gabon</a> in the country's first multiparty elections.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafael_Caldera_Rodr%C3%ADguez" class="mw-redirect" title="Rafael Caldera Rodríguez">Rafael Caldera Rodríguez</a> is elected President of Venezuela for the second time, succeeding interim president <a href="/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Jos%C3%A9_Vel%C3%A1squez" title="Ramón José Velásquez">Ramón José Velásquez</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_7" title="December 7">December 7</a> <ul><li>In <a href="/wiki/Garden_City,_New_York" title="Garden City, New York">Garden City, New York</a>, six people are murdered and 19 injured in the <a href="/wiki/Long_Island_Rail_Road_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Long Island Rail Road massacre">Long Island Rail Road massacre</a>, a racially motivated mass shooting perpetrated by Colin Ferguson, a black Jamaican immigrant.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The 32-member Transitional Executive Committee holds its first meeting<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in <a href="/wiki/Cape_Town" title="Cape Town">Cape Town</a>, marking the first meeting of an official government body in South Africa with Black members.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Ivory_Coast" title="List of heads of state of Ivory Coast">President of Ivory Coast</a> <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Houphou%C3%ABt-Boigny" title="Félix Houphouët-Boigny">Félix Houphouët-Boigny</a> dies at 88, the oldest African head of state.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is succeeded four days later by <a href="/wiki/Henri_Konan_B%C3%A9di%C3%A9" title="Henri Konan Bédié">Henri Konan Bédié</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_8" title="December 8">December 8</a> – U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> signs into law the <a href="/wiki/North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="North American Free Trade Agreement">North American Free Trade Agreement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_10" title="December 10">December 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Id_Software" title="Id Software">id Software</a> releases the first-person shooter game <i><a href="/wiki/Doom_(1993_video_game)" title="Doom (1993 video game)">Doom</a></i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_11" title="December 11">December 11</a> <ul><li>One of the three blocks of the Highland Towers near <a href="/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur" title="Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> <a href="/wiki/Highland_Towers_collapse" title="Highland Towers collapse">collapses</a>, killing 48.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Chilean_presidential_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1993 Chilean presidential election">1993 Chilean presidential election</a>: <a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Frei_Ruiz-Tagle" title="Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle">Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle</a> is elected with 58% of the vote.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_13" title="December 13">December 13</a> <ul><li>Former <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister of Canada</a> <a href="/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell">Kim Campbell</a> resigns as leader of the <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Canada">Progressive Conservative Party</a> and is succeeded as leader by <a href="/wiki/Jean_Charest" title="Jean Charest">Jean Charest</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Majilis" class="mw-redirect" title="Majilis">Majilis</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> approves the nuclear <a href="/wiki/Non-Proliferation_Treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Proliferation Treaty">Non-Proliferation Treaty</a> and agrees to dismantle the more than 100 missiles left on its territory by the fall of the USSR.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_15" title="December 15">December 15</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Uruguay_Round" title="Uruguay Round">Uruguay Round</a> of <a href="/wiki/General_Agreement_on_Tariffs_and_Trade" title="General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade">General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade</a> (GATT) talks reach a successful conclusion after seven years.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_17" title="December 17">December 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Federal_Court" title="Supreme Federal Court">Supreme Court</a> rules that former President <a href="/wiki/Fernando_Collor_de_Mello" title="Fernando Collor de Mello">Fernando Collor de Mello</a> may not hold elected office again until 2000 due to <a href="/wiki/Political_corruption" title="Political corruption">political corruption</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_20" title="December 20">December 20</a> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="United Nations General Assembly">United Nations General Assembly</a> votes to appoint a <a href="/wiki/U.N._High_Commissioner_for_Human_Rights" class="mw-redirect" title="U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights">U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The first corrected images from the <a href="/wiki/Hubble_Space_Telescope" title="Hubble Space Telescope">Hubble Space Telescope</a> are taken.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_21" title="December 21">December 21</a> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian Parliament">Hungarian Parliament</a> elects <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9ter_Boross" title="Péter Boross">Péter Boross</a> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Hungary" title="Prime Minister of Hungary">Prime Minister of Hungary</a> following the death of <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zsef_Antall" title="József Antall">József Antall</a> on December 12.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Phil Vischer and Mike Nawrocki's <a href="/wiki/VeggieTales" title="VeggieTales">VeggieTales</a> is first released.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_30" title="December 30">December 30</a> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">Congress Party</a> gains a parliamentary majority in India after the defection of 10 <a href="/wiki/Janata_Dal" title="Janata Dal">Janata Dal</a> party lawmakers.</li> <li>Representatives of <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> sign the <a href="/wiki/Fundamental_Agreement_Between_the_Holy_See_and_the_State_of_Israel" title="Fundamental Agreement Between the Holy See and the State of Israel">Fundamental Agreement Between the Holy See and the State of Israel</a>, preparing for the establishment of <a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Holy See–Israel relations">diplomatic relations</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> passes a measure allowing President <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Menem" title="Carlos Menem">Carlos Menem</a> and all future presidents to run for a second consecutive term. It also shortens presidential terms to four years and removes the requirement for the president to be <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Births_and_deaths">Births and deaths</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1993&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Births and deaths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main pages: <a href="/wiki/Category:1993_births" title="Category:1993 births">Category:1993 births</a> and <a href="/wiki/Deaths_in_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="Deaths in 1993">Deaths in 1993</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nobel_Prizes">Nobel Prizes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1993&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Nobel Prizes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nobel_medal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6a/Nobel_medal.png/120px-Nobel_medal.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6a/Nobel_medal.png/180px-Nobel_medal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6a/Nobel_medal.png/240px-Nobel_medal.png 2x" data-file-width="1013" data-file-height="1013" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Chemistry</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kary_Mullis" title="Kary Mullis">Kary Mullis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Smith_(chemist)" title="Michael Smith (chemist)">Michael Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">Economics</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_W._Fogel" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert W. Fogel">Robert W. Fogel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Douglass_North" title="Douglass North">Douglass North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Literature</a> – <a href="/wiki/Toni_Morrison" title="Toni Morrison">Toni Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Peace</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a> and <a href="/wiki/F._W._de_Klerk" title="F. W. de Klerk">F. W. de Klerk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Physics</a> – <a href="/wiki/Russell_Alan_Hulse" title="Russell Alan Hulse">Russell Alan Hulse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Hooton_Taylor,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Hooton Taylor, Jr.">Joseph Hooton Taylor, Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Physiology or Medicine</a> – <a href="/wiki/Richard_J._Roberts" title="Richard J. Roberts">Richard J. Roberts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phillip_Allen_Sharp" title="Phillip Allen Sharp">Phillip Allen Sharp</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1993&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAssociated_Press1993" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> (22 August 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/08/22/world/in-marshall-islands-friday-is-followed-by-sunday.html">"In Marshall Islands, Friday Is Followed by Sunday"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171011093207/http://www.nytimes.com/1993/08/22/world/in-marshall-islands-friday-is-followed-by-sunday.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=In+Marshall+Islands%2C+Friday+Is+Followed+by+Sunday&rft.date=1993-08-22&rft.au=Associated+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1993%2F08%2F22%2Fworld%2Fin-marshall-islands-friday-is-followed-by-sunday.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1993" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081215031654/http://www.idialstars.com/clfumo.htm">"Closest Full Moon since March 8, 1993"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idialstars.com/clfumo.htm">the original</a> on December 15, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Closest+Full+Moon+since+March+8%2C+1993&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.idialstars.com%2Fclfumo.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1993" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIfill1993" class="citation news cs1">Ifill, Gwen (March 12, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/03/12/us/reno-is-confirmed-in-top-justice-job.html">"Reno is confirmed in top justice job"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180624010549/https://www.nytimes.com/1993/03/12/us/reno-is-confirmed-in-top-justice-job.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 24, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 27,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Reno+is+confirmed+in+top+justice+job&rft.date=1993-03-12&rft.aulast=Ifill&rft.aufirst=Gwen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1993%2F03%2F12%2Fus%2Freno-is-confirmed-in-top-justice-job.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1993" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArmstrong" class="citation web cs1">Armstrong, Tim. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather.gov/ilm/Superstorm93">"Superstorm of 1993: "Storm of the Century"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>NOAA</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210714033914/https://www.weather.gov/ilm/Superstorm93">Archived</a> from the original on July 14, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NOAA&rft.atitle=Superstorm+of+1993%3A+%22Storm+of+the+Century%22&rft.aulast=Armstrong&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.gov%2Film%2FSuperstorm93&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1993" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://australianpolitics.com/elections/federal-1993">"1993 Federal Election | AustralianPolitics.com"</a>. <i>australianpolitics.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210224101728/https://australianpolitics.com/elections/federal-1993">Archived</a> from the original on February 24, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 23,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=australianpolitics.com&rft.atitle=1993+Federal+Election+%26%23124%3B+AustralianPolitics.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faustralianpolitics.com%2Felections%2Ffederal-1993&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1993" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://asn.flightsafety.org/asndb/325264">"Accident Boeing 727-46 HK-2422X, Wednesday 19 May 1993"</a>. <i>asn.flightsafety.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 8,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.baaa-acro.com&rft.atitle=Crash+of+a+Boeing+727-46+on+Mt+P%C3%A1ramo+Frontino%3A+132+killed+%7C+Bureau+of+Aircraft+Accidents+Archives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baaa-acro.com%2Fcrash%2Fcrash-boeing-727-46-mt-paramo-frontino-132-killed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1993" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFΧαλαβαζής2021" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Χαλαβαζής, Πάνος (June 29, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ictplus.gr/san-simera-to-1993-gennithike-i-kiniti-tilefonia-stin-ellada-apo-tin-telestet/">"Σαν σήμερα το 1993 "γεννήθηκε" η κινητή τηλεφωνία στην Ελλάδα από την Telestet"</a>. <i>ICTPLUS</i> (in Greek)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 14,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ICTPLUS&rft.atitle=%CE%A3%CE%B1%CE%BD+%CF%83%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1+%CF%84%CE%BF+1993+%22%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%BD%CE%AE%CE%B8%CE%B7%CE%BA%CE%B5%22+%CE%B7+%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%AE+%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%86%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1+%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD+%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B1+%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C+%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD+Telestet&rft.date=2021-06-29&rft.aulast=%CE%A7%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%B1%CE%B6%CE%AE%CF%82&rft.aufirst=%CE%A0%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ictplus.gr%2Fsan-simera-to-1993-gennithike-i-kiniti-tilefonia-stin-ellada-apo-tin-telestet%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1993" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dartmouth-register-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dartmouth-register_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20031018232924/http://www.dartmouth.edu/~floods/Archives/1993sum.htm">"1993 Global Register of Extreme Flood Events"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dartmouth.edu/~floods/Archives/1993sum.htm">the original</a> on October 18, 2003.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1993+Global+Register+of+Extreme+Flood+Events&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dartmouth.edu%2F~floods%2FArchives%2F1993sum.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1993" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1993/07/31/monsoon-floods-spread-destruction-across-south-asia-killing-3000/daf85676-a95d-4f2f-a755-731f47d7a22e/">"MONSOON FLOODS SPREAD DESTRUCTION ACROSS SOUTH ASIA, KILLING 3,000"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=MONSOON+FLOODS+SPREAD+DESTRUCTION+ACROSS+SOUTH+ASIA%2C+KILLING+3%2C000&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Fpolitics%2F1993%2F07%2F31%2Fmonsoon-floods-spread-destruction-across-south-asia-killing-3000%2Fdaf85676-a95d-4f2f-a755-731f47d7a22e%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1993" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-07-27-mn-17522-story.html">"S. Asia Floods Kill 4,200; More Deaths Feared"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=S.+Asia+Floods+Kill+4%2C200%3B+More+Deaths+Feared&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1993-07-27-mn-17522-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1993" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jeffery-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jeffery_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJeffery2009" class="citation book cs1">Jeffery, Anthea (2009). <i>People's War - New Light on the Struggle for South Africa</i> (1st ed.). Johannesburg & Cape Town: Jonathan Ball Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-86842-357-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-86842-357-6"><bdi>978-1-86842-357-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=People%27s+War+-+New+Light+on+the+Struggle+for+South+Africa&rft.place=Johannesburg+%26+Cape+Town&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Jonathan+Ball+Publishers&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-86842-357-6&rft.aulast=Jeffery&rft.aufirst=Anthea&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1993" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sahistory.org.za/archive/trc-reports-st-james-church-massacre-video">"TRC Reports on St James Church Massacre"</a>. <i>South African History Online</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 31,</span> 2015</span>. <q>A terrorist attack on St. James Church in Cape Town, South Africa left 11 people dead and 58 wounded.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=South+African+History+Online&rft.atitle=TRC+Reports+on+St+James+Church+Massacre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sahistory.org.za%2Farchive%2Ftrc-reports-st-james-church-massacre-video&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1993" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSirtaineSkamnelos2007" class="citation book cs1">Sirtaine, Sophie; Skamnelos, Ilias (January 1, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jaIvdqxtYxsC&q=August+1993+margin+15%25+French+franc&pg=PA30"><i>Credit Growth in Emerging Europe: A Cause for Stability Concerns?</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 15,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Campbell+Resigns+as+Tory+Leader+in+Canada&rft.pages=A9&rft.date=1993-12-14&rft.aulast=Farnsworth&rft.aufirst=Clyde+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1993%2F12%2F14%2Fworld%2Fcampbell-resigns-as-tory-leader-in-canada.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1993" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoyko2011" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Boyko, John (August 11, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/kim-campbell">"Kim Campbell"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Canadian_Encyclopedia" title="The Canadian Encyclopedia">The Canadian Encyclopedia</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Historica_Canada" title="Historica Canada">Historica Canada</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211016131926/https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/kim-campbell">Archived</a> from the original on October 16, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 15,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Kim+Campbell&rft.btitle=The+Canadian+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=Historica+Canada&rft.date=2011-08-11&rft.aulast=Boyko&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca%2Fen%2Farticle%2Fkim-campbell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1993" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaumulin1994" class="citation journal cs1">Laumulin, Murat (Winter 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nonproliferation.org/wp-content/uploads/npr/laumul12.pdf">"Viewpoint: Nuclear Politics and the Future Security of Kazakhstan"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Nonproliferation_Review" class="mw-redirect" title="The Nonproliferation Review">The Nonproliferation Review</a></i>. <b>1</b> (2). Translated by Boyle, Catherine: 61–65. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F10736709408436540">10.1080/10736709408436540</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220324031034/https://www.nonproliferation.org/wp-content/uploads/npr/laumul12.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on March 24, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Nonproliferation+Review&rft.atitle=Viewpoint%3A+Nuclear+Politics+and+the+Future+Security+of+Kazakhstan&rft.ssn=winter&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=61-65&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F10736709408436540&rft.aulast=Laumulin&rft.aufirst=Murat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nonproliferation.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fnpr%2Flaumul12.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1993" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060822200650/http://www.wto.org/trade_resources/history/wto/urug_round.htm">"The Uruguay Round"</a>. Trade Resources. <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wto.org/trade_resources/history/wto/urug_round.htm">the original</a> on August 22, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 15,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Uruguay+Round&rft.pub=World+Trade+Organization&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wto.org%2Ftrade_resources%2Fhistory%2Fwto%2Furug_round.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1993" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrooke1993" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_Brooke_(journalist)" title="James Brooke (journalist)">Brooke, James</a> (December 17, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/17/world/brazilian-court-reaffirms-ban-on-the-ex-president.html">"Brazilian Court Reaffirms Ban on the Ex-President"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. p. A9. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211016134330/https://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/17/world/brazilian-court-reaffirms-ban-on-the-ex-president.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 16, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Brazilian+Court+Reaffirms+Ban+on+the+Ex-President&rft.pages=A9&rft.date=1993-12-17&rft.aulast=Brooke&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1993%2F12%2F17%2Fworld%2Fbrazilian-court-reaffirms-ban-on-the-ex-president.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1993" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ohchr.org/EN/ABOUTUS/Pages/BriefHistory.aspx">"Brief history"</a>. <a href="/wiki/OHCHR" class="mw-redirect" title="OHCHR">OHCHR</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220308025355/https://www.ohchr.org/EN/AboutUs/Pages/BriefHistory.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on March 8, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 15,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Brief+history&rft.pub=OHCHR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ohchr.org%2FEN%2FABOUTUS%2FPages%2FBriefHistory.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1993" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060603172445/http://part.mdf.hu/index.php?akt_menu=881&amn=ftag&ft=boross&PHPSESSID=3bfd40ca307dbaa414ea0c442e58de0f">"Dr. Boross Péter"</a>. <i>Magyar Demokrata Fórum 2006</i> (in Hungarian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://part.mdf.hu/index.php?akt_menu=881&amn=ftag&ft=boross&PHPSESSID=3bfd40ca307dbaa414ea0c442e58de0f">the original</a> on June 3, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 15,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Magyar+Demokrata+F%C3%B3rum+2006&rft.atitle=Dr.+Boross+P%C3%A9ter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpart.mdf.hu%2Findex.php%3Fakt_menu%3D881%26amn%3Dftag%26ft%3Dboross%26PHPSESSID%3D3bfd40ca307dbaa414ea0c442e58de0f&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1993" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/secretariat_state/archivio/documents/rc_seg-st_19931230_santa-sede-israele_en.html">"Fundamental Agreement between the Holy See and the State of Israel"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Vatican.va" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatican.va">vatican.va</a></i>. December 30, 1993. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211125171740/https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/secretariat_state/archivio/documents/rc_seg-st_19931230_santa-sede-israele_en.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 25, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=vatican.va&rft.atitle=Fundamental+Agreement+between+the+Holy+See+and+the+State+of+Israel&rft.date=1993-12-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vatican.va%2Froman_curia%2Fsecretariat_state%2Farchivio%2Fdocuments%2Frc_seg-st_19931230_santa-sede-israele_en.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1993" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNash1993" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nathaniel_C._Nash&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nathaniel C. Nash (page does not exist)">Nash, Nathaniel C.</a> (December 30, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/30/world/argentine-senate-backs-menem-on-second-term.html">"Argentine Senate Backs Menem on Second Term"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. p. A5. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211016141330/https://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/30/world/argentine-senate-backs-menem-on-second-term.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 16, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Argentine+Senate+Backs+Menem+on+Second+Term&rft.pages=A5&rft.date=1993-12-30&rft.aulast=Nash&rft.aufirst=Nathaniel+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1993%2F12%2F30%2Fworld%2Fargentine-senate-backs-menem-on-second-term.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1993" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:1993" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:1993">1993</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1993&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrumbull,_Charles_P.1994" class="citation book cs1">Trumbull, Charles P., ed. (1994). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/britannicabookof00daph"><i>1994 Book of the year</i></a></span>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Chicago. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85229-600-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-85229-600-2"><bdi>0-85229-600-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=1994+Book+of+the+year&rft.place=Chicago&rft.series=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-85229-600-2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbritannicabookof00daph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1993" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerani,_Jacques1994" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Berani, Jacques, ed. (1994). <i>Universalia 1994</i>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Universalis" title="Encyclopædia Universalis">Encyclopædia Universalis</a> (in French). Paris. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-85229-321-8" title="Special:BookSources/2-85229-321-8"><bdi>2-85229-321-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Universalia+1994&rft.place=Paris&rft.series=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Universalis&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=2-85229-321-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1993" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarnois,_Christiane_(dir.)1994" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Harnois, Christiane (dir.) (1994). <i>Le Livre de l'Année 1994</i> (in French). Montreal: Grolier. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7172-3019-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-7172-3019-8"><bdi>0-7172-3019-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+Livre+de+l%27Ann%C3%A9e+1994&rft.place=Montreal&rft.pub=Grolier&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-7172-3019-8&rft.au=Harnois%2C+Christiane+%28dir.%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1993" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portal</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:EC1835_C_cut.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/EC1835_C_cut.jpg/16px-EC1835_C_cut.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/EC1835_C_cut.jpg/24px-EC1835_C_cut.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/EC1835_C_cut.jpg/32px-EC1835_C_cut.jpg 2x" data-file-width="506" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:1990s" title="Portal:1990s">1990s</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2065#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Nineteen ninety-three, A.D."><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh2011001971">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ch460645&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007597782705171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Events_by_month" style="width:40em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Events_by_month_links" title="Template:Events by month links"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Events_by_month_links" title="Template talk:Events by month links"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Events_by_month_links" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Events by month links"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Events_by_month" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Events by month</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1997" title="1997">1997</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_1997" class="mw-redirect" title="January 1997">Jan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_1997" class="mw-redirect" title="February 1997">Feb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_1997" class="mw-redirect" title="March 1997">Mar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_1997" class="mw-redirect" title="April 1997">Apr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_1997" class="mw-redirect" title="May 1997">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_1997" class="mw-redirect" title="June 1997">Jun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_1997" class="mw-redirect" title="July 1997">Jul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_1997" class="mw-redirect" title="August 1997">Aug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_1997" class="mw-redirect" title="September 1997">Sep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_1997" class="mw-redirect" title="October 1997">Oct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_1997" class="mw-redirect" title="November 1997">Nov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1997" class="mw-redirect" title="December 1997">Dec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="January 1996">Jan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="February 1996">Feb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="March 1996">Mar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="April 1996">Apr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="May 1996">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="June 1996">Jun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="July 1996">Jul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="August 1996">Aug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="September 1996">Sep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="October 1996">Oct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="November 1996">Nov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="December 1996">Dec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1995" title="1995">1995</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_1995" class="mw-redirect" title="January 1995">Jan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_1995" class="mw-redirect" title="February 1995">Feb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_1995" class="mw-redirect" title="March 1995">Mar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_1995" class="mw-redirect" title="April 1995">Apr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_1995" class="mw-redirect" title="May 1995">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_1995" class="mw-redirect" title="June 1995">Jun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_1995" class="mw-redirect" title="July 1995">Jul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_1995" class="mw-redirect" title="August 1995">Aug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_1995" class="mw-redirect" title="September 1995">Sep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_1995" class="mw-redirect" title="October 1995">Oct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_1995" class="mw-redirect" title="November 1995">Nov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1995" class="mw-redirect" title="December 1995">Dec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1994" title="1994">1994</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_1994" class="mw-redirect" title="January 1994">Jan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_1994" class="mw-redirect" title="February 1994">Feb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_1994" class="mw-redirect" title="March 1994">Mar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_1994" class="mw-redirect" title="April 1994">Apr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_1994" class="mw-redirect" title="May 1994">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_1994" class="mw-redirect" title="June 1994">Jun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_1994" class="mw-redirect" title="July 1994">Jul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_1994" class="mw-redirect" title="August 1994">Aug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_1994" class="mw-redirect" title="September 1994">Sep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_1994" class="mw-redirect" title="October 1994">Oct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_1994" class="mw-redirect" title="November 1994">Nov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1994" class="mw-redirect" title="December 1994">Dec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1993</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="January 1993">Jan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="February 1993">Feb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="March 1993">Mar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="April 1993">Apr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="May 1993">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="June 1993">Jun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="July 1993">Jul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="August 1993">Aug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="September 1993">Sep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_1993" class="mw-redirect" title="October 1993">Oct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_1993" title="November 1993">Nov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1993" title="December 1993">Dec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1992" title="1992">1992</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_1992" class="mw-redirect" title="January 1992">Jan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_1992" class="mw-redirect" title="February 1992">Feb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_1992" class="mw-redirect" title="March 1992">Mar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_1992" class="mw-redirect" title="April 1992">Apr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_1992" class="mw-redirect" title="May 1992">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_1992" class="mw-redirect" title="June 1992">Jun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_1992" class="mw-redirect" title="July 1992">Jul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_1992" class="mw-redirect" title="August 1992">Aug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_1992" class="mw-redirect" title="September 1992">Sep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_1992" class="mw-redirect" title="October 1992">Oct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_1992" class="mw-redirect" title="November 1992">Nov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1992" class="mw-redirect" title="December 1992">Dec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_1991" class="mw-redirect" title="January 1991">Jan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_1991" class="mw-redirect" title="February 1991">Feb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_1991" class="mw-redirect" title="March 1991">Mar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_1991" class="mw-redirect" title="April 1991">Apr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_1991" class="mw-redirect" title="May 1991">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_1991" class="mw-redirect" title="June 1991">Jun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_1991" class="mw-redirect" title="July 1991">Jul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_1991" class="mw-redirect" title="August 1991">Aug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_1991" class="mw-redirect" title="September 1991">Sep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_1991" class="mw-redirect" title="October 1991">Oct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_1991" class="mw-redirect" title="November 1991">Nov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1991" class="mw-redirect" title="December 1991">Dec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_1990" class="mw-redirect" title="January 1990">Jan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_1990" class="mw-redirect" title="February 1990">Feb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_1990" class="mw-redirect" title="March 1990">Mar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_1990" class="mw-redirect" title="April 1990">Apr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_1990" class="mw-redirect" title="May 1990">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_1990" class="mw-redirect" title="June 1990">Jun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_1990" class="mw-redirect" title="July 1990">Jul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_1990" class="mw-redirect" title="August 1990">Aug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_1990" class="mw-redirect" title="September 1990">Sep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_1990" class="mw-redirect" title="October 1990">Oct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_1990" class="mw-redirect" title="November 1990">Nov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1990" class="mw-redirect" title="December 1990">Dec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1989" title="1989">1989</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_1989" class="mw-redirect" title="January 1989">Jan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_1989" class="mw-redirect" title="February 1989">Feb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_1989" class="mw-redirect" title="March 1989">Mar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_1989" class="mw-redirect" title="April 1989">Apr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_1989" class="mw-redirect" title="May 1989">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_1989" title="June 1989">Jun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_1989" class="mw-redirect" title="July 1989">Jul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_1989" class="mw-redirect" title="August 1989">Aug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_1989" class="mw-redirect" title="September 1989">Sep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_1989" class="mw-redirect" title="October 1989">Oct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_1989" class="mw-redirect" title="November 1989">Nov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1989" class="mw-redirect" title="December 1989">Dec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1988" title="1988">1988</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_1988" class="mw-redirect" title="January 1988">Jan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_1988" class="mw-redirect" title="February 1988">Feb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_1988" class="mw-redirect" title="March 1988">Mar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_1988" class="mw-redirect" title="April 1988">Apr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_1988" class="mw-redirect" title="May 1988">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_1988" class="mw-redirect" title="June 1988">Jun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_1988" class="mw-redirect" title="July 1988">Jul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_1988" class="mw-redirect" title="August 1988">Aug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_1988" class="mw-redirect" title="September 1988">Sep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_1988" class="mw-redirect" title="October 1988">Oct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_1988" class="mw-redirect" title="November 1988">Nov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1988" title="December 1988">Dec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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