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mw-first-heading"><i>The Roses of Heliogabalus</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 17 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF_%D9%87%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3" title="ورود هليوغابالوس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ورود هليوغابالوس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B6%D1%8B_%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Ружы Геліягабала – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ружы Геліягабала" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Розите на Хелиогабал – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Розите на Хелиогабал" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_roses_d%27Elag%C3%A0bal" title="Les roses d'Elagàbal – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Les roses d'Elagàbal" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las_rosas_de_Heliog%C3%A1balo" title="Las rosas de Heliogábalo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Las rosas de Heliogábalo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%B2%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%87%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84" title="رزهای هلیوگابال – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رزهای هلیوگابال" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_Roses_d%27H%C3%A9liogabale" title="Les Roses d'Héliogabale – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Les Roses d'Héliogabale" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%B8%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%AB_%D5%BE%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A8" title="Հելիոգաբալուսի վարդերը – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հելիոգաբալուսի վարդերը" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_rose_di_Eliogabalo" title="Le rose di Eliogabalo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Le rose di Eliogabalo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliogabali_rosae" title="Heliogabali rosae – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Heliogabali rosae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ദി റോസെസ് ഓഫ് ഹെലിയോഗബാലസ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ദി റോസെസ് ഓഫ് ഹെലിയോഗബാലസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_rozen_van_Heliogabalus" title="De rozen van Heliogabalus – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="De rozen van Heliogabalus" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/As_Rosas_de_Heliog%C3%A1balo" title="As Rosas de Heliogábalo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="As Rosas de Heliogábalo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%8B_%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Розы Гелиогабала – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Розы Гелиогабала" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliogabalove_vrtnice" title="Heliogabalove vrtnice – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Heliogabalove vrtnice" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Троянди Геліогабала – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Троянди Геліогабала" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width: 22em; line-height: 1.4em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic">The Roses of Heliogabalus</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Roses_of_Heliogabalus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/The_Roses_of_Heliogabalus.jpg/400px-The_Roses_of_Heliogabalus.jpg" decoding="async" width="400" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/The_Roses_of_Heliogabalus.jpg/600px-The_Roses_of_Heliogabalus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/The_Roses_of_Heliogabalus.jpg/800px-The_Roses_of_Heliogabalus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="3694" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Artist</th><td class="infobox-data attendee"><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Alma-Tadema" title="Lawrence Alma-Tadema">Lawrence Alma-Tadema</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Year</th><td class="infobox-data">1888</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Medium</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Oil_on_canvas" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil on canvas">oil on canvas</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Dimensions</th><td class="infobox-data">132.7 cm × 214.4 cm (52.2 in × 84.4 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data">Private collection</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>The Roses of Heliogabalus</b></i> is an oil painting by the Anglo-Dutch artist <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Alma-Tadema" title="Lawrence Alma-Tadema">Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema</a>, from 1888. It depicts the young Roman emperor <a href="/wiki/Elagabalus" title="Elagabalus">Elagabalus</a> (203–222 AD) hosting a banquet. It is held in a private collection. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Subject">Subject</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Roses_of_Heliogabalus&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Subject"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The painting measures 132.7 × 214.4 centimetres (52.2 × 84.4 in). It shows a group of Roman diners at a banquet, being swamped by drifts of pink <a href="/wiki/Rose" title="Rose">rose petals</a> falling from a false ceiling above. The youthful Roman emperor <a href="/wiki/Elagabalus" title="Elagabalus">Elagabalus</a>, wearing a golden <a href="/wiki/Silk" title="Silk">silk</a> robe and tiara, watches the spectacle from a platform behind them,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with other garlanded guests. A woman plays the <a href="/wiki/Aulos" title="Aulos">double pipes</a> beside a marble pillar in the background, wearing the leopard skin of a <a href="/wiki/Maenad" title="Maenad">maenad</a>, with a bronze statue of <a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a>, based on the <a href="/wiki/Ludovisi_Dionysus" title="Ludovisi Dionysus">Ludovisi Dionysus</a>, in front of a view of distant hills. </p><p>The painting depicts a (probably invented) episode in the life of the Roman emperor Elagabalus, also known as Heliogabalus, taken from the <i><a href="/wiki/Augustan_History" class="mw-redirect" title="Augustan History">Augustan History</a></i>. Although the <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a> refers to "<a href="/wiki/Violet_(plant)" class="mw-redirect" title="Violet (plant)">violets</a> and other flowers", Alma-Tadema depicts Elagabalus smothering his unsuspecting guests with rose petals released from a false ceiling. The original reference is this: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Oppressit in tricliniis versatilibus parasitos suos violis et floribus, sic ut animam aliqui efflaverint, cum erepere ad summum non possent.</i></span><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> <br /> In a banqueting-room with a reversible ceiling he once buried his guests in violets and other flowers, so that some were actually smothered to death, being unable to crawl out to the top.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </div></blockquote> <p>In his notes to the <i>Augustan History</i>, Magie notes that "<a href="/wiki/Nero" title="Nero">Nero</a> did this also (Suetonius, Nero, xxxi), and a similar ceiling in the house of <a href="/wiki/Trimalchio" title="Trimalchio">Trimalchio</a> is described in <a href="/wiki/Petronius" title="Petronius">Petronius</a>, Sat., lx." (<a href="/wiki/Satyricon" title="Satyricon">Satyricon</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Roses_of_Heliogabalus&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The painting was commissioned by <a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Aird,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir John Aird, 1st Baronet">Sir John Aird, 1st Baronet</a> for £4,000 in 1888. As roses were out of season in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">United Kingdom</a>, Alma-Tadema is reputed to have had rose petals sent from the <a href="/wiki/South_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="South of France">south of France</a> each week during the four months in which it was painted.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The painting was exhibited at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_summer_exhibition" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Academy summer exhibition">Royal Academy summer exhibition</a> in 1888. Aird died in 1911, and the painting was inherited by his son Sir <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Richard_Aird,_2nd_Baronet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Richard Aird, 2nd Baronet (page does not exist)">John Richard Aird, 2nd Baronet</a>. After Alma-Tadema died in 1912, the painting was exhibited at a memorial exhibition at the Royal Academy in 1913, the last time it was seen at a public exhibition in the UK until 2014. </p><p>Alma-Tadema's reputation declined markedly in the decades after his death. Following the death of the 2nd Baronet in 1934, the painting was sold by his son, the 3rd Baronet, in 1935 for 483 <a href="/wiki/Guinea_(coin)" title="Guinea (coin)">guineas</a>. It failed to sell at <a href="/wiki/Christie%27s" title="Christie's">Christie's</a> in 1960 and was "bought in" by the auction house for 100 guineas.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Next, it was acquired by <a href="/wiki/Allen_Funt" title="Allen Funt">Allen Funt</a>: he was the producer of <i><a href="/wiki/Candid_Camera" title="Candid Camera">Candid Camera</a></i> and a collector of Alma-Tadema's at a time when the artist remained very unfashionable. After Funt experienced financial troubles, he sold the painting along with the rest of his collection at <a href="/wiki/Sotheby%27s" title="Sotheby's">Sotheby's</a> in London in November 1973, achieving a price of £28,000. The painting was sold again by American collector <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Koch" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Koch">Frederick Koch</a> at Christie's in London in June 1993 for £1,500,000.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is currently owned by the Spanish-Mexican billionaire businessman and art collector <a href="/wiki/Juan_Antonio_P%C3%A9rez_Sim%C3%B3n" title="Juan Antonio Pérez Simón">Juan Antonio Pérez Simón</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Exhibitions">Exhibitions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Roses_of_Heliogabalus&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Exhibitions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The painting was included in an exhibition at the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a> in New York in March and April 1973 (when the owner was Allen Funt).<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The painting is part of a private collection but was on display from 14 November 2014 to 29 March 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Leighton_House_Museum" title="Leighton House Museum">Leighton House Museum</a> in London as part of the exhibition <i>A Victorian Obsession: The Pérez Simón collection at Leighton House Museum</i>, the first time since Alma-Tadema's memorial exhibition at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Arts" title="Royal Academy of Arts">Royal Academy</a> in 1913, that it has been exhibited in London.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It returned to the Leighton House Museum from 7 July to 29 October 2017 for the exhibition "Alma-Tadema: At Home in Antiquity."<sup id="cite_ref-antiquity_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-antiquity-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The painting was a part of an exhibition of <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Alma-Tadema" title="Lawrence Alma-Tadema">Lawrence Alma-Tadema</a>'s paintings in <a href="/wiki/Belvedere,_Vienna" title="Belvedere, Vienna">Belvedere, Vienna</a>, Austria from 24 February 2017 to 18 June 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>La Pluie de roses D'Héliogabale</i> is a separate yet similar painting, recorded to have been displayed at the 1880 <a href="/wiki/Salon_(Paris)" title="Salon (Paris)">Paris Salon</a>, done by an artist under the name A. Heullant, likely Félix Armand Heullant. <sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Between 20 September 2024 and 12 January 2025 the painting is displayed at the cultural centre <a href="/wiki/CentroCentro" class="mw-redirect" title="CentroCentro">CentroCentro</a>, inside the <a href="/wiki/Cybele_Palace" title="Cybele Palace">Cybele Palace</a>, town hall of the <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a>, as a part of the exhibition <i>Seventy Great Masters from the Pérez Simón Collection.</i><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Roses_of_Heliogabalus&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://penelope.uchicago.edu/~grout/encyclopaedia_romana/severans/roses.html">"Alma Tadema--The Roses of Heliogabalus"</a>. <i>penelope.uchicago.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Lawrence_Alma-Tadema" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Lawrence Alma-Tadema"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lawrence_Alma-Tadema40" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Alma-Tadema" title="Lawrence Alma-Tadema">Lawrence Alma-Tadema</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Paintings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sappho_and_Alcaeus" title="Sappho and Alcaeus">Sappho and Alcaeus</a></i> (1881)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Reading_from_Homer" title="A Reading from Homer">A Reading from Homer</a></i> (1885)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Women_of_Amphissa" title="The Women of Amphissa">The Women of Amphissa</a></i> (1887)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Roses of Heliogabalus</a></i> (1888)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spring_(Alma-Tadema_painting)" title="Spring (Alma-Tadema painting)">Spring</a></i> (1894)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Finding_of_Moses_(Alma-Tadema)" title="The Finding of Moses (Alma-Tadema)">The Finding of Moses</a></i> (1904)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Theresa_Alma-Tadema" title="Laura Theresa Alma-Tadema">Laura Theresa Alma-Tadema (second wife)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Alma-Tadema" title="Laurence Alma-Tadema">Laurence Alma-Tadema (daughter)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Alma-Tadema" title="Anna Alma-Tadema">Anna Alma-Tadema (daughter)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Raphaelite_Brotherhood" title="Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood">Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosemary_Barrow" title="Rosemary Barrow">Rosemary Barrow</a> (scholar)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Pre-Raphaelite_Brotherhood_(paintings)742" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pre-Raphaelite_Brotherhood" title="Template:Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pre-Raphaelite_Brotherhood" title="Template talk:Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pre-Raphaelite_Brotherhood" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Pre-Raphaelite_Brotherhood_(paintings)742" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pre-Raphaelite_Brotherhood" title="Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood">Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Pre-Raphaelite_paintings" title="List of Pre-Raphaelite paintings">(paintings)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Holman_Hunt" title="William Holman Hunt">William Holman Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Everett_Millais" title="John Everett Millais">John Everett Millais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti" title="Dante Gabriel Rossetti">Dante Gabriel Rossetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Collinson" title="James Collinson">James Collinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Michael_Rossetti" title="William Michael Rossetti">William Michael Rossetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederic_George_Stephens" title="Frederic George Stephens">Frederic George Stephens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Woolner" title="Thomas Woolner">Thomas Woolner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Associated <br />artists and <br />figures</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Alma-Tadema" title="Lawrence Alma-Tadema">Lawrence Alma-Tadema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Price_Boyce" title="George Price Boyce">George Price Boyce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Brett_(artist)" title="John Brett (artist)">John Brett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ford_Madox_Brown" title="Ford Madox Brown">Ford Madox Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Madox_Brown" title="Lucy Madox Brown">Lucy Madox Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Burchett" title="Richard Burchett">Richard Burchett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Burne-Jones" title="Edward Burne-Jones">Edward Burne-Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgiana_Burne-Jones" title="Georgiana Burne-Jones">Georgiana Burne-Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Campbell_(artist)" title="James Campbell (artist)">James Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Collier_(painter)" title="John Collier (painter)">John Collier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Allston_Collins" title="Charles Allston Collins">Charles Allston Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Cadogan_Cowper" title="Frank Cadogan Cowper">Frank Cadogan Cowper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evelyn_De_Morgan" title="Evelyn De Morgan">Evelyn De Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Deverell" title="Walter Deverell">Walter Deverell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Treffry_Dunn" title="Henry Treffry Dunn">Henry Treffry Dunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Dyce" title="William Dyce">William Dyce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Holiday" title="Henry Holiday">Henry Holiday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Hughes_(artist)" title="Arthur Hughes (artist)">Arthur Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Robert_Hughes" title="Edward Robert Hughes">Edward Robert Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederic_Leighton" title="Frederic Leighton">Frederic Leighton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Braithwaite_Martineau" title="Robert Braithwaite Martineau">Robert Braithwaite Martineau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisa_Beresford,_Marchioness_of_Waterford" title="Louisa Beresford, Marchioness of Waterford">Louisa Beresford, Marchioness of Waterford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Morris" title="William Morris">William Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Munro_(sculptor)" title="Alexander Munro (sculptor)">Alexander Munro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Noel_Paton" title="Joseph Noel Paton">Joseph Noel Paton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentine_Cameron_Prinsep" title="Valentine Cameron Prinsep">Valentine Cameron Prinsep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christina_Rossetti" title="Christina Rossetti">Christina Rossetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ruskin" title="John Ruskin">John Ruskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Sandys" title="Emma Sandys">Emma Sandys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Sandys" title="Frederick Sandys">Frederick Sandys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Seddon" title="Thomas Seddon">Thomas Seddon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Siddal" title="Elizabeth Siddal">Elizabeth Siddal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Smetham" title="James Smetham">James Smetham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Solomon" title="Rebecca Solomon">Rebecca Solomon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeon_Solomon" title="Simeon Solomon">Simeon Solomon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Roddam_Spencer_Stanhope" title="John Roddam Spencer Stanhope">John Roddam Spencer Stanhope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Spartali_Stillman" title="Marie Spartali Stillman">Marie Spartali Stillman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Melhuish_Strudwick" title="John Melhuish Strudwick">John Melhuish Strudwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algernon_Charles_Swinburne" title="Algernon Charles Swinburne">Algernon Charles Swinburne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Wallis" title="Henry Wallis">Henry Wallis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_William_Waterhouse" title="John William Waterhouse">John William Waterhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_James_Webbe" title="William James Webbe">William James Webbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lindsay_Windus" title="William Lindsay Windus">William Lindsay Windus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Some <br />well-known <br />works<br /><span class="nobold">(period and <br />post-period)</span></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ophelia_(painting)" title="Ophelia (painting)">Ophelia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Christ_in_the_House_of_His_Parents" title="Christ in the House of His Parents">Christ in the House of His Parents</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Converted_British_Family_Sheltering_a_Christian_Missionary_from_the_Persecution_of_the_Druids" title="A Converted British Family Sheltering a Christian Missionary from the Persecution of the Druids">A Converted British Family Sheltering a Christian Missionary from the Persecution of the Druids</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ecce_Ancilla_Domini" title="Ecce Ancilla Domini">Ecce Ancilla Domini</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mariana_(Millais)" title="Mariana (Millais)">Mariana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Light_of_the_World_(painting)" title="The Light of the World (painting)">The Light of the World</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Our_English_Coasts" title="Our English Coasts">Our English Coasts ('Strayed Sheep')</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Scapegoat_(painting)" title="The Scapegoat (painting)">The Scapegoat</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Paolo_and_Francesca_da_Rimini" title="Paolo and Francesca da Rimini">Paolo and Francesca da Rimini</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_of_England_(painting)" title="The Last of England (painting)">The Last of England</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Work_(painting)" title="Work (painting)">Work</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Awakening_Conscience" title="The Awakening Conscience">The Awakening Conscience</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hireling_Shepherd" title="The Hireling Shepherd">The Hireling Shepherd</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/April_Love_(painting)" title="April Love (painting)">April Love</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Found_(Rossetti)" title="Found (Rossetti)">Found</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Autumn_Leaves_(painting)" title="Autumn Leaves (painting)">Autumn Leaves</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bocca_Baciata" title="Bocca Baciata">Bocca Baciata</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Union_murals" title="Oxford Union murals">Oxford Union murals</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lady_Lilith" title="Lady Lilith">Lady Lilith</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roman_Widow_(Rossetti)" title="Roman Widow (Rossetti)">Roman Widow</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mary_Magdalene_(Sandys)" title="Mary Magdalene (Sandys)">Mary Magdalene</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Finding_of_the_Saviour_in_the_Temple" title="The Finding of the Saviour in the Temple">The Finding of the Saviour in the Temple</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Morgan_le_Fay_(painting)" title="Morgan le Fay (painting)">Morgan le Fay</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Beata_Beatrix" title="Beata Beatrix">Beata Beatrix</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Shadow_of_Death" title="The Shadow of Death">The Shadow of Death</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Proserpine_(Rossetti)" title="Proserpine (Rossetti)">Proserpine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Vision_of_Fiammetta" title="A Vision of Fiammetta">A Vision of Fiammetta</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pygmalion_and_the_Image_series" title="Pygmalion and the Image series">Pygmalion and the Image series</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Beloved_(Rossetti)" title="The Beloved (Rossetti)">The Beloved</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cymon_and_Iphigenia_(Leighton_painting)" title="Cymon and Iphigenia (Leighton painting)">Cymon and Iphigenia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/King_Cophetua_and_the_Beggar_Maid_(painting)" title="King Cophetua and the Beggar Maid (painting)">King Cophetua and the Beggar Maid</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Day_Dream_(Rossetti)" title="The Day Dream (Rossetti)">The Day Dream</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Golden_Stairs" title="The Golden Stairs">The Golden Stairs</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dante_and_Beatrice_(painting)" title="Dante and Beatrice (painting)">Dante and Beatrice</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Love%27s_Messenger" title="Love's Messenger">Love's Messenger</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Magic_Circle_(Waterhouse_paintings)" title="The Magic Circle (Waterhouse paintings)">The Magic Circle</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Legend_of_Briar_Rose" title="The Legend of Briar Rose">The Legend of Briar Rose</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lady_of_Shalott_(painting)" title="The Lady of Shalott (painting)"><i>The Lady of Shalott</i> (Waterhouse)</a></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Roses of Heliogabalus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lilith_(painting)" title="Lilith (painting)">Lilith</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eos_(painting)" title="Eos (painting)">Eos</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Flaming_June" title="Flaming June">Flaming June</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hope_(Burne-Jones)" title="Hope (Burne-Jones)">Hope</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hylas_and_the_Nymphs_(painting)" title="Hylas and the Nymphs (painting)">Hylas and the Nymphs</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lady_Godiva_(painting)" title="Lady Godiva (painting)">Lady Godiva</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Love_Potion" title="The Love Potion">The Love Potion</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lady_of_Shalott_(William_Holman_Hunt)" title="The Lady of Shalott (William Holman Hunt)"><i>The Lady of Shalott</i> (Hunt)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I_Am_Half-Sick_of_Shadows,_Said_the_Lady_of_Shalott" title="I Am Half-Sick of Shadows, Said the Lady of Shalott">I Am Half-Sick of Shadows, Said the Lady of Shalott</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Models</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Siddal" title="Elizabeth Siddal">Elizabeth Siddal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanny_Cornforth" title="Fanny Cornforth">Fanny Cornforth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Effie_Gray" title="Effie Gray">Effie Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophie_Gray" title="Sophie Gray">Sophie Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Miller" title="Annie Miller">Annie Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Morris" title="Jane Morris">Jane Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Spartali_Stillman" title="Marie Spartali Stillman">Marie Spartali Stillman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexa_Wilding" title="Alexa Wilding">Alexa Wilding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Zambaco" title="Maria Zambaco">Maria Zambaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Dene" title="Dorothy Dene">Dorothy Dene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanny_Eaton" title="Fanny Eaton">Fanny Eaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Herbert" title="Ruth Herbert">Ruth Herbert</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Germ_(periodical)" title="The Germ (periodical)">The Germ</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hogarth_Club" title="Hogarth Club">Hogarth Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morris_%26_Co." title="Morris & Co.">Morris & Co.</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rossetti_and_His_Circle" title="Rossetti and His Circle">Rossetti and His Circle</a></i> (1922 book)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dante%27s_Inferno_(1967_film)" title="Dante's Inferno (1967 film)"><i>Dante's Inferno</i> (1967 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Love_School" title="The Love School"><i>The Love School</i> (1975 series)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desperate_Romantics" title="Desperate Romantics"><i>Desperate Romantics</i> (2009 series)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Effie_Gray_(film)" title="Effie Gray (film)"><i>Effie Gray</i> (2014 film)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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