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class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Software categories</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 10 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-10" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">10 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%A8%D8%A4%D9%84%D9%85%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%84%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="یازیلیم بؤلمه‌لری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="یازیلیم بؤلمه‌لری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%80" title="সফটওয়্যার বিষয়শ্রেণী – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সফটওয়্যার বিষয়শ্রেণী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="دسته‌بندی نرم‌افزار – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دسته‌بندی نرم‌افزار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kategori_perangkat_lunak" title="Kategori perangkat lunak – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kategori perangkat lunak" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AB%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AD%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%81" title="ಸಾಫ್ಟ್‌ವೇರ್ ವಿಭಾಗಗಳು – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಾಫ್ಟ್‌ವೇರ್ ವಿಭಾಗಗಳು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BC_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE" title="സോഫ്റ്റ്‌വെയർ വിഭാഗങ്ങൾ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സോഫ്റ്റ്‌വെയർ വിഭാഗങ്ങൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_categories" title="Software categories – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Software categories" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88" title="மென்பொருள் வகைமை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மென்பொருள் வகைமை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaz%C4%B1l%C4%B1m_kategorileri" title="Yazılım kategorileri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yazılım kategorileri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%83_lo%E1%BA%A1i_ph%E1%BA%A7n_m%E1%BB%81m" title="Thể loại phần mềm – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thể loại phần mềm" 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Groups of software</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IBM_PC_DOS_1.0_screenshot.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Screenshot of IBM PC DOS 1.00, an operating system" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/IBM_PC_DOS_1.0_screenshot.png/220px-IBM_PC_DOS_1.0_screenshot.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/IBM_PC_DOS_1.0_screenshot.png/330px-IBM_PC_DOS_1.0_screenshot.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/IBM_PC_DOS_1.0_screenshot.png/440px-IBM_PC_DOS_1.0_screenshot.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>IBM PC DOS 1.00</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Software categories</b> are groups of <a href="/wiki/Software" title="Software">software</a>. They allow software to be understood in terms of those categories, instead of the particularities of each package. Different classification schemes consider different aspects of software. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Categorization_approaches">Categorization approaches</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Software_categories&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Categorization approaches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Computer_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer software">Computer software</a> can be put into categories based on common function, type, or field of use. There are three broad classifications: </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Application_software" title="Application software">Application software</a></i> is the general designation of computer programs for performing tasks. Application software may be general-purpose (<a href="/wiki/Word_processing" class="mw-redirect" title="Word processing">word processing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Web_browsers" class="mw-redirect" title="Web browsers">web browsers</a>, etc.) or have a specific purpose (accounting, truck scheduling, etc.). Application software contrasts with system software.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/System_software" title="System software">System software</a></i> is a generic term referring to the computer programs used to start and run computer systems including diverse application software and networks.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Programming_tools" class="mw-redirect" title="Programming tools">Computer programming tools</a></i>, such as <a href="/wiki/Compilers" class="mw-redirect" title="Compilers">compilers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Linker_(computing)" title="Linker (computing)">linkers</a>, are used to translate and combine <a href="/wiki/Source_code" title="Source code">computer program source code</a> and <a href="/wiki/Library_(computing)" title="Library (computing)">libraries</a> into <a href="/wiki/Executable" title="Executable">executables</a>, which are programs that fall into one of the three aforementioned categories.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Copyright_status">Copyright status</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Software_categories&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Copyright status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/GNU" title="GNU">GNU</a> Project categorizes software by <a href="/wiki/Copyright" title="Copyright">copyright</a> status: <a href="/wiki/Free_software" title="Free software">free software</a>, <a href="/wiki/Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">open source software</a>, <a href="/wiki/Public_domain_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Public domain software">public domain software</a>, <a href="/wiki/Copyleft" title="Copyleft">copylefted</a> software, noncopylefted free software, lax permissive licensed software, <a href="/wiki/GPL" class="mw-redirect" title="GPL">GPL</a>-covered software, the <a href="/wiki/GNU_operating_system" class="mw-redirect" title="GNU operating system">GNU operating system</a>, GNU programs, GNU software, <a href="/wiki/Free_Software_Foundation" title="Free Software Foundation">FSF</a>-copyrighted GNU software, nonfree software, <a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">proprietary software</a>, <a href="/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware">freeware</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shareware" title="Shareware">shareware</a>, private software and <a href="/wiki/Commercial_software" title="Commercial software">commercial software</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Free_software">Free software</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Software_categories&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Free software"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Free software is software that comes with permission for anyone to use, <a href="/wiki/Software_copying" class="mw-redirect" title="Software copying">copy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Software_distribution" title="Software distribution">distribute</a>, either verbatim or with modifications, either gratis or for a fee. In particular, this means that <a href="/wiki/Source_code" title="Source code">source code</a> must be available. "If it's not the source, it's not software." If a program is free, then it can potentially be included in a free operating system such as GNU, or free <a href="/wiki/Software_versioning" title="Software versioning">versions</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> system. </p><p>Free software in the sense of copyright license (and the GNU project) is a matter of freedom, not price. However proprietary software companies typically use the term "free software" to refer to price. Sometimes this means a binary copy can be obtained at no charge; sometimes this means a copy is bundled with a computer for sale at no additional charge.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Open_source_software">Open source software</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Software_categories&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Open source software"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Open-source software is software with its <a href="/wiki/Source_code" title="Source code">source code</a> made available under a certain <a href="/wiki/Open-source_license" title="Open-source license">license</a> to its licensees. It can be used and disseminated at any point, the source code is open and can be modified as required. The one condition with this type of software is that when changes are made users should make these changes known to others. One of the key characteristics of open source software is that it is the shared <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">intellectual property</a> of all developers and users. The <a href="/wiki/Linux_operating_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Linux operating system">Linux operating system</a> is one of the best-known examples of a collection of open-source software.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Copylefted_software">Copylefted software</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Software_categories&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Copylefted software"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Copylefted software is free software whose distribution terms ensure that all copies of all versions carry more or less the same distribution terms. This means, for instance, that <a href="/wiki/Copyleft_license" class="mw-redirect" title="Copyleft license">copyleft licenses</a> generally disallow others to add additional <a href="/wiki/Software_requirement" class="mw-redirect" title="Software requirement">requirements</a> to the software (though a limited set of safe added requirements can be allowed) and require making source code available. This shields the program, and its modified versions, from some of the common ways of making a program proprietary. Some copyleft licenses block other means of turning software proprietary. </p><p>Copyleft is a general concept. Copylefting an actual program requires a specific set of distribution terms. Different copyleft licenses are usually "incompatible" due to varying terms, which makes it illegal to merge the code using one license with the code using the other license. If two pieces of software use the same license, they are generally mergeable.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Non-copylefted_free_software">Non-copylefted free software</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Software_categories&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Non-copylefted free software"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Noncopylefted free software comes from the author with permission to redistribute modify and add license restrictions. </p><p>If a program is free but not copylefted, then some copies or modified versions may not be free. A software company can <a href="/wiki/Compiler" title="Compiler">compile</a> the program, with or without modifications, and distribute the <a href="/wiki/Executable_file" class="mw-redirect" title="Executable file">executable file</a> as a proprietary software product. The <a href="/wiki/X_Window_System" title="X Window System">X Window System</a> illustrates this approach. The <a href="/wiki/X_Consortium" class="mw-redirect" title="X Consortium">X Consortium</a> releases <a href="/wiki/X11" class="mw-redirect" title="X11">X11</a> with distribution terms that make it non-copylefted free software. If you wish, you can get a copy that has those distribution terms and is free, however nonfree versions are available. There are <a href="/wiki/Workstation" title="Workstation">workstations</a> and PC <a href="/wiki/Graphics_board" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics board">graphics boards</a> for which nonfree versions are the only versions that will work. The developers of X11 made X11 nonfree for a while; they were able to do this because others had contributed their code under the same non-copyleft license.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Shareware">Shareware</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Software_categories&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Shareware"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shareware is software that comes with permission to redistribute copies but says that anyone who continues to use a copy is required to pay. Shareware is not free software or even semi-free. For most shareware, source code is not available; thus, the program cannot be modified. Shareware does not come with permission to make a copy and install it without paying a license fee, including for <a href="/wiki/Nonprofit" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonprofit">nonprofit</a> activity.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Freeware">Freeware</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Software_categories&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Freeware"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Like shareware, freeware is software available for download and distribution without any initial payment. Freeware never has an associated fee. Things like minor program updates and small <a href="/wiki/Pc_games" class="mw-redirect" title="Pc games">games</a> are commonly distributed as freeware. Though freeware is cost-free, it is <a href="/wiki/Copyrighted" class="mw-redirect" title="Copyrighted">copyrighted</a>, so other people can not market the software as their own.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Microsoft_TechNet_and_AIS_Software_categories">Microsoft TechNet and AIS Software categories</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Software_categories&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Microsoft TechNet and AIS Software categories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This classification has seven major elements. They are: <a href="/wiki/Platform_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Platform (software)">platform</a> and <a href="/wiki/Management_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Management software">management</a>, <a href="/wiki/Education_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Education software">education</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reference_software" title="Reference software">reference</a>, home and entertainment, content and <a href="/wiki/Communication_software" title="Communication software">communication</a>, operations and professional, product manufacturing and service delivery, and <a href="/wiki/Line_of_business" title="Line of business">line of business</a>. </p> <ul><li>Platform and management—<a href="/wiki/Desktop_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Desktop software">Desktop</a> and network infrastructure and management software that allows users to control the computer <a href="/wiki/Operating_environment" title="Operating environment">operating environment</a>, <a href="/wiki/Computer_hardware" title="Computer hardware">hardware components</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peripherals" class="mw-redirect" title="Peripherals">peripherals</a> and infrastructure services and <a href="/wiki/Security_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Security software">security</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-microsoft1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-microsoft1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Education and reference—Educational software that does not contain resources, such as <a href="/wiki/Training" title="Training">training</a> or <a href="/w/index.php?title=Help_files&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help files (page does not exist)">help files</a> for a specific <a href="/wiki/Computer_application" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer application">application</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-microsoft1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-microsoft1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Home and entertainment—Applications designed primarily for use in or for the home, or for entertainment.<sup id="cite_ref-microsoft1_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-microsoft1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Content and communications—Common applications for <a href="/wiki/Productivity_software" title="Productivity software">productivity</a>, content creation, and communications. These typically include <a href="/wiki/Productivity_suite" class="mw-redirect" title="Productivity suite">office productivity suites</a>, <a href="/wiki/Media_player_(application_software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Media player (application software)">multimedia players</a>, <a href="/wiki/File_viewer" title="File viewer">file viewers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">Web browsers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Collaboration_tool" title="Collaboration tool">collaboration tools</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-microsoft1_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-microsoft1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Operations and professional—Applications designed for business uses such as <a href="/wiki/Resource_management" title="Resource management">enterprise resource management</a>, <a href="/wiki/Customer_relations_management" class="mw-redirect" title="Customer relations management">customer relations management</a>, <a href="/wiki/Supply_chain_management_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Supply chain management software">supply chain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Manufacturing" title="Manufacturing">manufacturing</a> tasks, <a href="/wiki/Software_development" title="Software development">application development</a>, <a href="/wiki/Information_management" title="Information management">information management</a> and <a href="/wiki/Information_access" title="Information access">access</a>, and tasks performed by both business and technical equipment.<sup id="cite_ref-microsoft1_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-microsoft1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Product manufacturing and service delivery—Help users create products or deliver services in specific <a href="/wiki/Industry_(economics)" title="Industry (economics)">industries</a>. Categories in this section are used by the <a href="/wiki/North_American_Industry_Classification_System" title="North American Industry Classification System">North American Industry Classification System</a> (NAICS).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Market-based_categories">Market-based categories</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Software_categories&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Market-based categories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Horizontal_applications"><a href="/wiki/Horizontal_market_software" title="Horizontal market software">Horizontal applications</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Software_categories&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Horizontal applications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Word_processor_program" title="Word processor program"> Word Processing</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vertical_applications"><a href="/wiki/Vertical_market_software" title="Vertical market software">Vertical applications</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Software_categories&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Vertical applications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hospitality_industry" title="Hospitality industry">Accommodation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Food_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Food service">Food Services</a></li> <li>Administrative and Support</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_shelter" title="Animal shelter">Animal shelter</a> and <a href="/wiki/Animal_rescue_group" title="Animal rescue group">Animal rescue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">Agriculture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Forestry" title="Forestry">Forestry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hunting" title="Hunting">Hunting</a></li> <li>Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Construction_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Construction industry">Construction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Educational_services" class="mw-redirect" title="Educational services">Educational Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finance" title="Finance">Finance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Insurance" title="Insurance">Insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geographic_data_and_information" title="Geographic data and information">Geospatial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_care" title="Health care">Health Care</a> and <a href="/wiki/Social_assistance" class="mw-redirect" title="Social assistance">Social Assistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information" title="Information">Information</a></li> <li>Internal and proprietary line-of-business applications<sup id="cite_ref-microsoft1_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-microsoft1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Management" title="Management">Management</a> of Companies and Enterprises</li> <li>Manufacturing</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining" title="Mining">Mining</a>, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction</li> <li>Postal and <a href="/wiki/Mail" title="Mail">Mailing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_services" title="Professional services">Professional</a>, <a href="/wiki/Science" title="Science">Scientific</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Technical_services&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Technical services (page does not exist)">Technical Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Administration">Public Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_estate" title="Real estate">Real Estate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rental" class="mw-redirect" title="Rental">Rental</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leasing" class="mw-redirect" title="Leasing">Leasing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retail_trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Retail trade">Retail Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utilities" class="mw-redirect" title="Utilities">Utilities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management" title="Waste management">Waste Management</a> and Remediation Services</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wholesale" class="mw-redirect" title="Wholesale">Wholesale Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Transportation industry">Transportation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Warehousing" class="mw-redirect" title="Warehousing">Warehousing</a></li> <li>Other Services (except Public Administration)<sup id="cite_ref-microsoft1_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-microsoft1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Software_categories&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/categories.html">"Categories of Free and Nonfree Software"</a>. GNU Project. 2012-10-18. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710091657/http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/categories.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-07-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-11-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Categories+of+Free+and+Nonfree+Software&rft.pub=GNU+Project&rft.date=2012-10-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gnu.org%2Fphilosophy%2Fcategories.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoftware+categories" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.directimaging.com/www/html/en/glossary/glossaryitems/O">"Heidelberg - Glossary - O"</a>. Directimaging.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110710131004/http://www.directimaging.com/www/html/en/glossary/glossaryitems/O">Archived</a> from the original on 2011-07-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-11-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Heidelberg+-+Glossary+-+O&rft.pub=Directimaging.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.directimaging.com%2Fwww%2Fhtml%2Fen%2Fglossary%2Fglossaryitems%2FO&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoftware+categories" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.techterms.com/definition/freeware">"Freeware Definition"</a>. Techterms.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070912164905/http://www.techterms.com/definition/freeware">Archived</a> from the original on 2007-09-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-11-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Freeware+Definition&rft.pub=Techterms.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.techterms.com%2Fdefinition%2Ffreeware&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoftware+categories" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-microsoft1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-microsoft1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-microsoft1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-microsoft1_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-microsoft1_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-microsoft1_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-microsoft1_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-microsoft1_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080921072543/http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb852143.aspx">"Software Categories"</a>. 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