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Museo de la Revolución - Wikipedia

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Beschikbaar in 20 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">20 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9_(%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7)" title="متحف الثورة (كوبا) – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="متحف الثورة (كوبا)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87" title="متحف الثوره – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="متحف الثوره" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museu_de_la_Revoluci%C3%B3_(l%27Havana)" title="Museu de la Revolució (l&#039;Havana) – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Museu de la Revolució (l&#039;Havana)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolutionsmuseum_(Havanna)" title="Revolutionsmuseum (Havanna) – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Revolutionsmuseum (Havanna)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museum_of_the_Revolution_(Cuba)" title="Museum of the Revolution (Cuba) – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Museum of the Revolution (Cuba)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzeo_de_la_Revolucio_(Kubo)" title="Muzeo de la Revolucio (Kubo) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Muzeo de la Revolucio (Kubo)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museo_de_la_Revoluci%C3%B3n" title="Museo de la Revolución – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Museo de la Revolución" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraultzaren_museoa_(Habana)" title="Iraultzaren museoa (Habana) – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Iraultzaren museoa (Habana)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_R%C3%A9volution" title="Musée de la Révolution – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Musée de la Révolution" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museo_da_Revoluci%C3%B3n" title="Museo da Revolución – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Museo da Revolución" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museum_Revolusi_(Kuba)" title="Museum Revolusi (Kuba) – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Museum Revolusi (Kuba)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museo_della_Rivoluzione_(Cuba)" title="Museo della Rivoluzione (Cuba) – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Museo della Rivoluzione (Cuba)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%A4%A8_(%E3%82%AD%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%83%90)" title="革命博物館 (キューバ) – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="革命博物館 (キューバ)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%98%81%EB%AA%85%EB%B0%95%EB%AC%BC%EA%B4%80_(%EC%BF%A0%EB%B0%94)" title="혁명박물관 (쿠바) – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="혁명박물관 (쿠바)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzeum_Rewolucji_w_Hawanie" title="Muzeum Rewolucji w Hawanie – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Muzeum Rewolucji w Hawanie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museu_da_Revolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Museu da Revolução – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Museu da Revolução" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_(%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0)" title="Музей Революции (Гавана) – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Музей Революции (Гавана)" 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dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#CCCCCC; color:inherit; text-align:center; font-size:120%;" colspan="3">Museo de la Revolución </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; padding:0;" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Museum_of_Revolution_Cuba.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Museo de la Revolución" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Museum_of_Revolution_Cuba.jpg/266px-Museum_of_Revolution_Cuba.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Museum_of_Revolution_Cuba.jpg/399px-Museum_of_Revolution_Cuba.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Museum_of_Revolution_Cuba.jpg/532px-Museum_of_Revolution_Cuba.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#CCCCCC; color:inherit; text-align:center;" colspan="3">Locatie </th></tr> <tr> <th>Locatie </th> <td colspan="2">Havana </td></tr> <tr> <th>Coördinaten </th> <td colspan="2"><span class="coordinates plainlinks"><span id="text_coordinates"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=nl&amp;params=23_08_30_N_82_21_24_W_type:landmark&amp;pagename=Museo_de_la_Revoluci%C3%B3n">23° 9&#8242; NB, 82° 21&#8242; WL</a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#CCCCCC; color:inherit;" colspan="3">Status en tijdlijn </th></tr> <tr> <th>Oorspr.&#160;functie </th> <td colspan="2">presidentieel paleis </td></tr> <tr> <th>Huidig&#160;gebruik </th> <td colspan="2">museum </td></tr> <tr> <th>Opening </th> <td colspan="2">1920 </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#CCCCCC; color:inherit;" colspan="3">Architectuur </th></tr> <tr> <th>Bouwstijl </th> <td colspan="2">eclectisch </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#CCCCCC; color:inherit;" colspan="3">Bouwinfo </th></tr> <tr> <th>Architect </th> <td colspan="2">Rodolfo Maruri, Paul Belau </td></tr> <tr> <td class="infobox-kop notheme center" style="background-color:#CCCCCC; color:inherit;" colspan="3"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><b>Portaal</b>&#160; <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portaalicoon"><img alt="Portaalicoon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/22px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/33px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/44px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span> &#160; </td> <td class="ta-left"><b><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Civiele_techniek_en_bouwkunde" title="Portaal:Civiele techniek en bouwkunde">Civiele techniek en bouwkunde</a> </b> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Koep_mus_rev.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Koep_mus_rev.jpg/260px-Koep_mus_rev.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Koep_mus_rev.jpg/390px-Koep_mus_rev.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Koep_mus_rev.jpg/520px-Koep_mus_rev.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="532" /></a><figcaption>Centrale koepel van het gebouw</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Museo_de_la_Revoluci%C3%B2n_05.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Museo_de_la_Revoluci%C3%B2n_05.jpg/260px-Museo_de_la_Revoluci%C3%B2n_05.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Museo_de_la_Revoluci%C3%B2n_05.jpg/390px-Museo_de_la_Revoluci%C3%B2n_05.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Museo_de_la_Revoluci%C3%B2n_05.jpg/520px-Museo_de_la_Revoluci%C3%B2n_05.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Salon de los Espejos, de spiegelzaal</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Exh_mus_rev.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Exh_mus_rev.jpg/250px-Exh_mus_rev.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Exh_mus_rev.jpg/375px-Exh_mus_rev.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Exh_mus_rev.jpg/500px-Exh_mus_rev.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="532" /></a><figcaption>Beroemde woorden: <i>La Historia me absolvera</i></figcaption></figure> <p>In het vroegere presidentiële paleis van <a href="/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cuba_(land)" title="Cuba (land)">Cuba</a> is nu het <b>Museo de la Revolución</b> gehuisvest. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschiedenis">Geschiedenis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Museo_de_la_Revoluci%C3%B3n&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Geschiedenis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Museo_de_la_Revoluci%C3%B3n&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Geschiedenis"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1909 viel het besluit een nieuwe provinciaal hoofdkantoor te bouwen. Het werd een ontwerp van de Cubaanse architect Rodolfo Maruri en de Belgische architect Paul Belau. Belau was ook betrokken bij de bouw van de <a href="/wiki/Gran_Teatro_de_La_Habana" title="Gran Teatro de La Habana">Gran Teatro de La Habana</a>. </p><p>In 1917 bezocht Mariana Seva, de vrouw van president <a href="/wiki/Mario_Garc%C3%ADa_Menocal" title="Mario García Menocal">Mario García Menocal</a>, het project. De twee wijzigden de bestemming in een presidentieel paleis. Op 31 januari 1920 konden zij verhuizen, al duurden de werkzaamheden tot maart. Het gebouw heeft neoklassieke elementen en het interieur werd ingericht door <a href="/wiki/Tiffany_%26_Co." title="Tiffany &amp; Co.">Tiffany</a>’s uit <a href="/wiki/New_York_(stad)" title="New York (stad)">New York</a>. Vooral de <i>Salon de los Espejos</i>, de Spiegelzaal, is indrukwekkend en doet aan een verkleinde uitgave van de gelijknamige zaal in het <a href="/wiki/Kasteel_van_Versailles" title="Kasteel van Versailles">Paleis van Versailles</a> denken. </p><p>Op de begane grond zaten de kantoren en belangrijke technische ruimten als de telefoon- en elektriciteitscentrale. Op de eerste verdieping waren het presidentiële kantoor, de Spiegelzaal, de kapel, de Gouden Zaal en de zaal voor de ministerraad. De presidentiële residentie zat op de derde etage en op de vierde en hoogste verdieping het huishoudelijke personeel. </p><p>Hier vond op 13 maart 1957 een mislukte aanslag plaats op dictator <a href="/wiki/Fulgencio_Batista" title="Fulgencio Batista">Fulgencio Batista</a>, die net op tijd via een geheime deur in zijn bureel wist te ontkomen.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In de trappenzaal in de imposante inkom zijn de kogelinslagen in het marmer nog steeds te tellen. De represailles vanwege deze mislukte aanslag werkten <a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro" title="Fidel Castro">Castro</a>'s groep in de hand. </p><p>Het bleef het presidentieel paleis tot de <a href="/wiki/Cubaanse_revolutie" class="mw-redirect" title="Cubaanse revolutie">Cubaanse revolutie</a>. Na de revolutie werd het gebouw gebruikt door de ministers en vanaf 4 januari 1974 is hier het museum van de revolutie gevestigd. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tentoonstellingen_en_objecten">Tentoonstellingen en objecten</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Museo_de_la_Revoluci%C3%B3n&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Tentoonstellingen en objecten" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Museo_de_la_Revoluci%C3%B3n&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Tentoonstellingen en objecten"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De tentoonstelling in de verschillende zalen van het gebouw geven een compleet, maar gekleurd, relaas van de revolutie, beginnend met de <a href="/wiki/Spaans-Amerikaanse_Oorlog" title="Spaans-Amerikaanse Oorlog">Spaans-Amerikaanse Oorlog</a> eind negentiende eeuw en eindigend met de val van het regime van Batista. Diverse voorwerpen van de revolutie werden hier bijeen gebracht. Een bijzonder voorwerp is de typemachine waarop Castro, gevangen in de <a href="/wiki/Presidio_Modelo" title="Presidio Modelo">Presidio Modelo</a> op de Isla de Piños (vandaag de <a href="/wiki/Isla_de_la_Juventud" title="Isla de la Juventud">Isla de la Juventud</a>), de verdediging uittikte voor zichzelf en de overlevenden na de mislukte aanval op de <a href="/wiki/Moncadakazerne" title="Moncadakazerne">Moncadakazerne</a> in <a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_Cuba_(stad)" title="Santiago de Cuba (stad)">Santiago de Cuba</a> op <a href="/wiki/26_juli" title="26 juli">26 juli</a> <a href="/wiki/1956" title="1956">1956</a>: zijn beroemde rede "Historia me absolvera", "De geschiedenis zal me vergeven". Er is een speciale zaal gewijd aan <a href="/wiki/Che_Guevara" title="Che Guevara">Che Guevara</a>. </p><p>Voor het gebouw staat een <a href="/wiki/Tankmonument" title="Tankmonument">tankmonument</a>: een <a href="/wiki/SU-100" title="SU-100">SU-100</a> van Russische makelij die door Castro werd gebruikt tijdens de gevechten volgend op de <a href="/wiki/Invasie_in_de_Varkensbaai" title="Invasie in de Varkensbaai">Invasie in de Varkensbaai</a> in april 1961. </p><p>Achter het gebouw staat het <a href="/wiki/Schrijn" title="Schrijn">schrijn</a> van de <a href="/wiki/Granma_(jacht)" class="mw-redirect" title="Granma (jacht)">Granma</a>, het 18 meter lange jacht dat Castro en zijn 81 kompanen in december 1956 van <a href="/wiki/Tuxpan_de_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Cano" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuxpan de Rodríguez Cano">Tuxpan</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mexico_(land)" title="Mexico (land)">Mexico</a> naar de Oriente bracht in Cuba. Met deze landing gaven ze de aanzet tot de revolutie. </p> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Spaans">(<span>es</span>) </span> Latin America Studies <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.latinamericanstudies.org/palace-attack.htm">Attack on the Presidential Palace, March 13, 1957</a>, geraadpleegd op 14 november 2020</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐69bc8479c8‐jq6pf Cached time: 20241202110457 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.157 seconds Real time usage: 0.304 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1787/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 8987/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2223/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 985/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.039/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1412952/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 158.584 1 -total 74.80% 118.628 1 Sjabloon:Infobox_gebouw 72.31% 114.678 1 Sjabloon:Infobox_generiek 38.57% 61.173 11 Sjabloon:Wikidata 12.08% 19.154 1 Sjabloon:Coor_title_dms 11.88% 18.846 1 Sjabloon:Appendix 9.98% 15.830 1 Sjabloon:References 8.23% 13.051 1 Sjabloon:Coördinaten2 7.06% 11.192 1 Sjabloon:Es 5.47% 8.669 1 Sjabloon:Coor_dms2 --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key nlwiki:pcache:732838:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241202110457 and revision id 57746206. 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