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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Spanish Conquistador of Colombia</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this <a href="/wiki/Spanish_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish name">Spanish name</a>, the first or paternal <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">surname</a> is <i> Venegas Carrillo</i> and the second or maternal family name is <i> Manosalvas</i>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Hernán Venegas Carrillo</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr>1513<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/C%C3%B3rdoba,_Spain" title="Córdoba, Spain">Córdoba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Castile" title="Crown of Castile">Castile</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="dday deathdate">1583-02-02</span>)</span>February 2, 1583<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Bogot%C3%A1" title="Bogotá">Bogotá</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Granada" title="New Kingdom of Granada">New Kingdom of Granada</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Burial place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Primatial_Cathedral_of_Bogot%C3%A1" title="Primatial Cathedral of Bogotá">Cathedral of Bogotá</a><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Hern%C3%A1n_Venegas_Carrillo&params=4_35_52.64_N_74_04_30.86_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">4°35′52.64″N</span> <span class="longitude">74°04′30.86″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">4.5979556°N 74.0752389°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">4.5979556; -74.0752389</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Castile" title="Crown of Castile">Castilian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><a href="/wiki/List_of_conquistadors_in_Colombia" title="List of conquistadors in Colombia">Conquistador</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employer</th><td class="infobox-data org"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Crown" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish Crown">Spanish Crown</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_the_Muisca" title="Spanish conquest of the Muisca">Conquest of the Muisca</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tocarema" title="Battle of Tocarema">Conquest of the Panche</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Bituima" title="Bituima">Foundation of Bituima</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Apulo" title="Apulo">Foundation of Apulo</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Tocaima" title="Tocaima">Foundation of Tocaima</a><br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Bogot%C3%A1" title="List of mayors of Bogotá">Mayor of Bogotá</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Magdalena de Guatavita</li> <li>Juana Ponce de León y Figueroa</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">María, Alonso, Isabel, Fernán Venegas<br />Maria Venegas Carrillo Ponce de León<br />Alonso, Pedro, Luis, Francisco, Juana, Isabel, Inés Venegas Ponce de León</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parents</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Diego Ruiz Venegas Manosalvas (father)</li><li>Inés Venegas (mother)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Family</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Valenzuela_(conquistador)" title="Pedro Fernández de Valenzuela (conquistador)">Pedro Fernández de Valenzuela</a> (cousin)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Bogot%C3%A1" title="List of mayors of Bogotá">Encomendero of Bogotá</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1542–1542</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juan_D%C3%ADaz_Hidalgo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juan Díaz Hidalgo (page does not exist)">Juan Díaz Hidalgo</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_C%C3%A9spedes_Ruiz" title="Juan de Céspedes Ruiz">Juan de Céspedes</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1543–1544</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Juan de Céspedes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juan_Ruiz_de_Orejuela&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juan Ruiz de Orejuela (page does not exist)">Juan Ruiz de Orejuela</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Notes</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="text-align: left;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><sup id="cite_ref-GeniVenegas_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GeniVenegas-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GeneaVenegas_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GeneaVenegas-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Genea2Venegas_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Genea2Venegas-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Hernán Venegas Carrillo Manosalvas</b> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr>1513 – 2 February 1583)<sup id="cite_ref-GeneaVenegas_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GeneaVenegas-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was a <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_conquistadors_in_Colombia" title="List of conquistadors in Colombia">conquistador</a> for who participated in the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_the_Muisca" title="Spanish conquest of the Muisca">Spanish conquest of the Muisca</a> and <a href="/wiki/Panche_people" title="Panche people">Panche people</a> in the <a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Granada" title="New Kingdom of Granada">New Kingdom of Granada</a>, present-day <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a>. Venegas Carrillo was <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Bogot%C3%A1" title="List of mayors of Bogotá">mayor of Santa Fe de Bogotá</a> for two terms; in 1542 and from 1543 to 1544. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hern%C3%A1n_Venegas_Carrillo&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:4_Zaquesazipa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/4_Zaquesazipa.jpg/170px-4_Zaquesazipa.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/4_Zaquesazipa.jpg/255px-4_Zaquesazipa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/4_Zaquesazipa.jpg/340px-4_Zaquesazipa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="392" data-file-height="388" /></a><figcaption>Sagipa was Hernán's first father-in-law</figcaption></figure> <p>Venegas Carrillo was born in Córdoba, Andalusia, around 1513. His parents were Diego Ruiz Venegas Manosalvas and Inés Venegas.<sup id="cite_ref-GeniVenegas_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GeniVenegas-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GeneaVenegas_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GeneaVenegas-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Venegas Carrillo was married twice, first to Magdalena of Guatavita, the sister of <a href="/wiki/Sagipa" title="Sagipa">Sagipa</a> (also named Zaquezazipa), the last Muisca <i><a href="/wiki/Zipa" class="mw-redirect" title="Zipa">zipa</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-GeniSagipa_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GeniSagipa-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was one of the first <a href="/wiki/Mestizo" title="Mestizo">mestizo</a> marriages conducted in the New Kingdom of Granada. With her Venegas Carrillo had four children: María, Alonso, Isabel and Fernán Venegas.<sup id="cite_ref-CordobaVenegas_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CordobaVenegas-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the death of his <a href="/wiki/Women_in_Muisca_society" title="Women in Muisca society">Muisca wife</a>, Venegas Carrillo married Juana Ponce de León and had eight more children with her: Maria, Alonso, Pedro, Luis, Francisco, Juana, Isabel and Inés Venegas Ponce de León.<sup id="cite_ref-GeniVenegas_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GeniVenegas-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His daughter Maria Venegas Carrillo Ponce de León died in <a href="/wiki/Pamplona,_Colombia" class="mw-redirect" title="Pamplona, Colombia">Pamplona</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norte_de_Santander" class="mw-redirect" title="Norte de Santander">Norte de Santander</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Genea2Venegas_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Genea2Venegas-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alonso, his son with Magdalena de Guatavita, killed fellow conquistador <a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Garc%C3%ADa_Zorro" title="Gonzalo García Zorro">Gonzalo García Zorro</a> in a <a href="/wiki/Duel" title="Duel">duel</a> in 1566. Conquistador <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Valenzuela_(conquistador)" title="Pedro Fernández de Valenzuela (conquistador)">Pedro Fernández de Valenzuela</a> was his cousin.<sup id="cite_ref-BancoZorro_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BancoZorro-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hern%C3%A1n_Venegas_Carrillo&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Conquest_of_Colombia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Conquest_of_Colombia.png/330px-Conquest_of_Colombia.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="410" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Conquest_of_Colombia.png/495px-Conquest_of_Colombia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Conquest_of_Colombia.png/660px-Conquest_of_Colombia.png 2x" data-file-width="1192" data-file-height="1480" /></a><figcaption>Hernán Venegas Carrillo was a member of the main expedition from the Caribbean coastal city of Santa Marta into the heart of the Colombian Andes, shown in <b><span style="color:green;">green</span></b></figcaption></figure> <p>Hernán Venegas Carrillo embarked on a ship sailing from <a href="/wiki/Seville" title="Seville">Seville</a>, Spain to the New World, probably in 1533, in the company of <a href="/wiki/Juan_del_Junco" title="Juan del Junco">Juan del Junco</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Carnero_p75_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carnero_p75-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was one of the conquistadors who participated in the expedition from <a href="/wiki/Santa_Marta" title="Santa Marta">Santa Marta</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Sea" title="Caribbean Sea">Caribbean coast</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Muisca_Confederation" title="Muisca Confederation">Muisca Confederation</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Altiplano_Cundiboyacense" title="Altiplano Cundiboyacense">Altiplano Cundiboyacense</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BancoList_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BancoList-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1541, Venegas Carrillo received ownership of the <a href="/wiki/Encomienda" title="Encomienda">encomiendas</a> of <a href="/wiki/Guatavita" title="Guatavita">Guatavita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gachet%C3%A1" title="Gachetá">Gachetá</a>, Chipaleque, Pausa, Tuala, Tuaquira, <a href="/wiki/Suba,_Bogot%C3%A1" title="Suba, Bogotá">Suba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tocancip%C3%A1" title="Tocancipá">Tocancipá</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gachancip%C3%A1" title="Gachancipá">Gachancipá</a>, Gachacá, Unta, <a href="/wiki/Turmequ%C3%A9" title="Turmequé">Turmequé</a> and Itencipá.<sup id="cite_ref-GeneaVenegas_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GeneaVenegas-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1542 and from 1543 to 1544, Hernán Venegas Carrillo was mayor, at that time called <i>encomendero</i>, of Bogotá. Between the two terms, the post was filled by <a href="/wiki/Juan_de_C%C3%A9spedes_Ruiz" title="Juan de Céspedes Ruiz">Juan de Céspedes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SemanaVenegas_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SemanaVenegas-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MayorList_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MayorList-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On March 20, 1544, Venegas Carrillo founded the town of <a href="/wiki/Tocaima" title="Tocaima">Tocaima</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-TiempoTocaima_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TiempoTocaima-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had been sent east by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alonso_Luis_de_Lugo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alonso Luis de Lugo (page does not exist)">Alonso Luis de Lugo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BancoTocaima_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BancoTocaima-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tocaima became one of the richest cities in the <a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Granada" title="New Kingdom of Granada">New Kingdom of Granada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BancoVenegas_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BancoVenegas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1547, Venegas Carrillo was sent to Spain and returned the next year.<sup id="cite_ref-GeniVenegas_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GeniVenegas-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He made several further voyages back to Europe and during one of them he married Juana Ponce de León y Figueroa, daughter of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_governors_of_Venezuela&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of governors of Venezuela (page does not exist)">governor of Venezuela</a> <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Ponce_de_Le%C3%B3n" title="Pedro Ponce de León">Pedro Ponce de León</a>. His wife accompanied Venegas Carrillo to Bogotá in 1569. Hernán Venegas Carrillo died on February 2, 1583, in Bogotá and is buried in the <a href="/wiki/Primatial_Cathedral_of_Bogot%C3%A1" title="Primatial Cathedral of Bogotá">Primatial Cathedral of Bogotá</a>, located at the <a href="/wiki/Bol%C3%ADvar_Square" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolívar Square">Bolívar Square</a> in the centre of the Colombian capital. Various of his many children became the encomenderos of Guatavita, Gachetá, Chipasaque (today <a href="/wiki/Jun%C3%ADn,_Cundinamarca" title="Junín, Cundinamarca">Junín</a>), <a href="/wiki/Tausa" title="Tausa">Tausa</a>, Suba and Gachancipá.<sup id="cite_ref-BancoVenegas_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BancoVenegas-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output 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.pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="locmap noviewer noresize thumb tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:482px"><div style="position:relative;width:480px;border:1px solid lightgray"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sabana_de_Bogota.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Hernán Venegas Carrillo is located in the Bogotá savanna"><img alt="Hernán Venegas Carrillo is located in the Bogotá savanna" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Sabana_de_Bogota.png/480px-Sabana_de_Bogota.png" decoding="async" width="480" height="405" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Sabana_de_Bogota.png/720px-Sabana_de_Bogota.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Sabana_de_Bogota.png/960px-Sabana_de_Bogota.png 2x" data-file-width="1068" data-file-height="902" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:63.089%;left:56.663%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bogotá"><img alt="Bogotá" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/White_pog.svg/8px-White_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/White_pog.svg/12px-White_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/White_pog.svg/16px-White_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Bogot%C3%A1" title="Bogotá"><span style="color:white">Bogotá</span></a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:51.418%;left:56.135%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Suba"><img alt="Suba" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/White_pog.svg/8px-White_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/White_pog.svg/12px-White_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/White_pog.svg/16px-White_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Suba,_Bogot%C3%A1" title="Suba, Bogotá"><span style="color:white">Suba</span></a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:35.634%;left:73.174%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Guatavita"><img alt="Guatavita" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/White_pog.svg/8px-White_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/White_pog.svg/12px-White_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/White_pog.svg/16px-White_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Guatavita" title="Guatavita"><span style="color:white">Guatavita</span></a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:45.176%;left:86.829%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Gachetá"><img alt="Gachetá" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/White_pog.svg/8px-White_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/White_pog.svg/12px-White_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/White_pog.svg/16px-White_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Gachet%C3%A1" title="Gachetá"><span style="color:white">Gachetá</span></a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:30.963%;left:70.721%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Gachancipá"><img alt="Gachancipá" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/White_pog.svg/8px-White_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/White_pog.svg/12px-White_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/White_pog.svg/16px-White_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Gachancip%C3%A1" title="Gachancipá"><span style="color:white">Gachancipá</span></a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:33.084%;left:67.801%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Tocancipá"><img alt="Tocancipá" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/White_pog.svg/8px-White_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/White_pog.svg/12px-White_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/White_pog.svg/16px-White_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Tocancip%C3%A1" title="Tocancipá"><span style="color:white">Tocancipá</span></a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:3.831%;left:96.79%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Turmequé"><img alt="Turmequé" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/White_pog.svg/8px-White_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/White_pog.svg/12px-White_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/White_pog.svg/16px-White_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Turmequ%C3%A9" title="Turmequé"><span style="color:white">Turmequé</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Sabana_de_Bogota.png" title="File:Sabana de Bogota.png">class=notpageimage| </a></div>Encomiendas of Venegas Carrillo on and around the <a href="/wiki/Bogot%C3%A1_savanna" title="Bogotá savanna">Bogotá savanna</a></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conquests_of_Hernán_Venegas_Carrillo"><span id="Conquests_of_Hern.C3.A1n_Venegas_Carrillo"></span>Conquests of Hernán Venegas Carrillo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hern%C3%A1n_Venegas_Carrillo&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Conquests of Hernán Venegas Carrillo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Name<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">bold is founded</span> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Departments_of_Colombia" title="Departments of Colombia">Department</a> </th> <th scope="col">Date </th> <th scope="col">Year </th> <th scope="col">Notes </th> <th scope="col">Map </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Bituima" title="Bituima">Bituima</a></b> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Cundinamarca_Department" title="Cundinamarca Department">Cundinamarca</a> </td> <td align="center">15 August </td> <td align="center">1543 </td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-websiteBituima_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-websiteBituima-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Bituima.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Bituima.svg/100px-Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Bituima.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Bituima.svg/150px-Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Bituima.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Bituima.svg/200px-Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Bituima.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1178" data-file-height="1322" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Chaguan%C3%AD" title="Chaguaní">Chaguaní</a> </td> <td align="center">Cundinamarca </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center">1543 </td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-websiteChaguani_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-websiteChaguani-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Chaguan%C3%AD.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Chaguan%C3%AD.svg/100px-Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Chaguan%C3%AD.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Chaguan%C3%AD.svg/150px-Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Chaguan%C3%AD.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Chaguan%C3%AD.svg/200px-Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Chaguan%C3%AD.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1178" data-file-height="1322" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Apulo" title="Apulo">Apulo</a></b> </td> <td align="center">Cundinamarca </td> <td align="center">5 January </td> <td align="center">1544 </td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-websiteApulo_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-websiteApulo-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Apulo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Apulo.svg/100px-Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Apulo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Apulo.svg/150px-Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Apulo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Apulo.svg/200px-Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Apulo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1178" data-file-height="1322" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Tocaima" title="Tocaima">Tocaima</a></b> </td> <td align="center">Cundinamarca </td> <td align="center">20 March </td> <td align="center">1544 </td> <td align="center"><sup id="cite_ref-websiteTocaima_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-websiteTocaima-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Tocaima.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Tocaima.svg/100px-Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Tocaima.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Tocaima.svg/150px-Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Tocaima.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Tocaima.svg/200px-Colombia_-_Cundinamarca_-_Tocaima.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1178" data-file-height="1322" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Trivia">Trivia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hern%C3%A1n_Venegas_Carrillo&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Trivia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>A school founded in 1958 in Tocaima, is named after Hernán Venegas Carrillo<sup id="cite_ref-SchoolVenegas_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SchoolVenegas-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hern%C3%A1n_Venegas_Carrillo&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/41px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/48px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/64px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Spain" title="Portal:Spain">Spain portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_conquistadors_in_Colombia" title="List of conquistadors in Colombia">List of conquistadors in Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_the_Muisca" title="Spanish conquest of the Muisca">Spanish conquest of the Muisca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hern%C3%A1n_P%C3%A9rez_de_Quesada" title="Hernán Pérez de Quesada">Hernán Pérez de Quesada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tocarema" title="Battle of Tocarema">Battle of Tocarema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panche_people" title="Panche people">Panche</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Jim%C3%A9nez_de_Quesada" title="Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada">Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hern%C3%A1n_Venegas_Carrillo&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-GeniVenegas-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GeniVenegas_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GeniVenegas_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GeniVenegas_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GeniVenegas_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geni.com/people/Hern%C3%A1n-Venegas-Carrillo-Alcalde-de-Bogot%C3%A1-1542/6000000005777727313">Hernán Venegas Carrillo</a> – Geni</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GeneaVenegas-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GeneaVenegas_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GeneaVenegas_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GeneaVenegas_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GeneaVenegas_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gw.geneanet.org/lvarelaa?lang=es&p=hernan&n=venegas+carrillo+manosalvas">Hernán Venegas Carrillo</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170730145436/http://gw.geneanet.org/lvarelaa?lang=es&p=hernan&n=venegas+carrillo+manosalvas">Archived</a> 2017-07-30 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Genea2Venegas-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Genea2Venegas_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Genea2Venegas_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170208035814/http://www.sologenealogia.com/gen/getperson.php?personID=I118775&tree=001">Hernán Venegas Carrillo</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GeniSagipa-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GeniSagipa_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geni.com/people/Zaquezazipa/6000000019885431492">Zaquezazipa</a> – Geni</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CordobaVenegas-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CordobaVenegas_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://notascordobesas.blogspot.com.co/2014/09/periplo-atlantico-del-cromosoma-y-de.html">Periplo atlántico del cromosoma "Y" de Hernán Venegas Carrillo Manosalbas</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BancoZorro-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BancoZorro_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.banrepcultural.org/blaavirtual/historia/ilustre/ilus264.htm">Gonzalo García Zorro</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_the_Republic_(Colombia)" title="Bank of the Republic (Colombia)">Banco de la República</a> – <a href="/wiki/Soledad_Acosta" title="Soledad Acosta">Soledad Acosta Samper</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carnero_p75-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Carnero_p75_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rodríguez Freyle, 1638, p.75</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BancoList-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BancoList_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.banrepcultural.org/blaavirtual/historia/gennrgun/gennrgun9x.htm">List of conquistadors led by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160309181315/http://www.banrepcultural.org/blaavirtual/historia/gennrgun/gennrgun9x.htm">Archived</a> 2016-03-09 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_the_Republic_(Colombia)" title="Bank of the Republic (Colombia)">Banco de la República</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SemanaVenegas-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SemanaVenegas_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.semana.com/nacion/articulo/en-busca-sangre-azul/20876-3">En busca de sangre azul</a> – <a href="/wiki/Semana" title="Semana">Semana</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MayorList-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MayorList_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bogota-dc.com/varios/1500.htm">List of mayors of Bogotá – 1538–1599</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TiempoTocaima-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TiempoTocaima_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eltiempo.com/archivo/documento/MAM-427856">Guachetá y Tocaima son las más antiguas</a> – <a href="/wiki/El_Tiempo_(Colombia)" title="El Tiempo (Colombia)">El Tiempo</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BancoTocaima-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BancoTocaima_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.banrepcultural.org/blaavirtual/modosycostumbres/trabaj/trabaj7a.htm">Las tradiciones de Tocaima</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_the_Republic_(Colombia)" title="Bank of the Republic (Colombia)">Banco de la República</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BancoVenegas-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BancoVenegas_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BancoVenegas_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.banrepcultural.org/blaavirtual/historia/ilustre/ilus255.htm">Hernán Venegas Carrillo</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_the_Republic_(Colombia)" title="Bank of the Republic (Colombia)">Banco de la República</a> – <a href="/wiki/Soledad_Acosta" title="Soledad Acosta">Soledad Acosta de Samper</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-websiteBituima-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-websiteBituima_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bituima-cundinamarca.gov.co/informacion_general.shtml">Official website Bituima</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged January 2020">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-websiteChaguani-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-websiteChaguani_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chaguani-cundinamarca.gov.co/informacion_general.shtml">Official website Chaguaní</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20150516205757/http://www.chaguani-cundinamarca.gov.co/informacion_general.shtml">Archived</a> 2015-05-16 at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-websiteApulo-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-websiteApulo_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.apulo-cundinamarca.gov.co/informacion_general.shtml">Official website Apulo</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged January 2020">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-websiteTocaima-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-websiteTocaima_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tocaima-cundinamarca.gov.co/informacion_general.shtml">Official website Tocaima</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20140310084953/http://www.tocaima-cundinamarca.gov.co/informacion_general.shtml">Archived</a> 2014-03-10 at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SchoolVenegas-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SchoolVenegas_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://girardot.extra.com.co/noticias/nacional/colegio-hern%C3%A1n-venegas-carrillo-celebra-sus-55-a%C3%B1os-62263">Colegio Hernán Venegas Carrillo celebra sus 55 años</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170731021032/http://girardot.extra.com.co/noticias/nacional/colegio-hern%C3%A1n-venegas-carrillo-celebra-sus-55-a%C3%B1os-62263">Archived</a> 2017-07-31 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hern%C3%A1n_Venegas_Carrillo&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRodríguez_FreyleAchury_Valenzuela1979" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Juan_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Freyle" title="Juan Rodríguez Freyle">Rodríguez Freyle, Juan</a>; Achury Valenzuela, Darío (1979) [1859 (1638)], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=s8NMZiVFRBMC"><i>El Carnero – Conquista i descubrimiento del nuevo reino de Granada de las Indias Occidentales del mar oceano, i fundacion de la ciudad de Santa Fe de Bogota</i></a> (in Spanish), Fundacion Biblioteca Ayacuch, pp. <span class="nowrap">1–</span>592, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-84-660-0025-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-84-660-0025-3"><bdi>978-84-660-0025-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-02-07</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=El+Carnero+%E2%80%93+Conquista+i+descubrimiento+del+nuevo+reino+de+Granada+de+las+Indias+Occidentales+del+mar+oceano%2C+i+fundacion+de+la+ciudad+de+Santa+Fe+de+Bogota&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1-%3C%2Fspan%3E592&rft.pub=Fundacion+Biblioteca+Ayacuch&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=978-84-660-0025-3&rft.aulast=Rodr%C3%ADguez+Freyle&rft.aufirst=Juan&rft.au=Achury+Valenzuela%2C+Dar%C3%ADo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Ds8NMZiVFRBMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHern%C3%A1n+Venegas+Carrillo" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hern%C3%A1n_Venegas_Carrillo&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAcosta1848" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Joaqu%C3%ADn_Acosta" title="Joaquín Acosta">Acosta</a>, Joaquín (1848), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zfmJ48NHzDEC"><i>Compendio histórico del descubrimiento y colonización de la Nueva Granada en el siglo décimo sexto – Historical overview of discovery and colonization of New Granada in the sixteenth century</i></a>, Paris: Beau Press, pp. <span class="nowrap">1–</span>460, <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/23030434">23030434</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-02-07</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Compendio+hist%C3%B3rico+del+descubrimiento+y+colonizaci%C3%B3n+de+la+Nueva+Granada+en+el+siglo+d%C3%A9cimo+sexto+%E2%80%93+Historical+overview+of+discovery+and+colonization+of+New+Granada+in+the+sixteenth+century&rft.place=Paris&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1-%3C%2Fspan%3E460&rft.pub=Beau+Press&rft.date=1848&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F23030434&rft.aulast=Acosta&rft.aufirst=Joaqu%C3%ADn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzfmJ48NHzDEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHern%C3%A1n+Venegas+Carrillo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFernández_de_Piedrahita1688" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Lucas_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Piedrahita" title="Lucas Fernández de Piedrahita">Fernández de Piedrahita</a>, Lucas (1688), "VI", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.banrepcultural.org/blaavirtual/historia/hisgral/hisgral46.htm"><i>Historia general de las conquistas del Nuevo Reino de Granada</i></a> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-02-07</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=VI&rft.btitle=Historia+general+de+las+conquistas+del+Nuevo+Reino+de+Granada&rft.date=1688&rft.aulast=Fern%C3%A1ndez+de+Piedrahita&rft.aufirst=Lucas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.banrepcultural.org%2Fblaavirtual%2Fhistoria%2Fhisgral%2Fhisgral46.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHern%C3%A1n+Venegas+Carrillo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJiménez_de_Quesada1576" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Jim%C3%A9nez_de_Quesada" title="Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada">Jiménez de Quesada</a>, Gonzalo (1576), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/memoriasobrelasa00uric/memoriasobrelasa00uric_djvu.txt"><i>Memoria de los descubridores, que entraron conmigo a descubrir y conquistar el Reino de Granada</i></a> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-02-07</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Memoria+de+los+descubridores%2C+que+entraron+conmigo+a+descubrir+y+conquistar+el+Reino+de+Granada&rft.date=1576&rft.aulast=Jim%C3%A9nez+de+Quesada&rft.aufirst=Gonzalo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fmemoriasobrelasa00uric%2Fmemoriasobrelasa00uric_djvu.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHern%C3%A1n+Venegas+Carrillo" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimón1892" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Sim%C3%B3n" title="Pedro Simón">Simón</a>, Pedro (1892) [1626], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/tierrafirmeindias01simbrich"><i>Noticias historiales de las conquistas de Tierra Firme en las Indias occidentales (1882–92) vol.1–5</i></a> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-02-07</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Noticias+historiales+de+las+conquistas+de+Tierra+Firme+en+las+Indias+occidentales+%281882%E2%80%9392%29+vol.1%E2%80%935&rft.date=1892&rft.aulast=Sim%C3%B3n&rft.aufirst=Pedro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftierrafirmeindias01simbrich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHern%C3%A1n+Venegas+Carrillo" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output 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.hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Spanish_Empire139" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Spanish_Empire" title="Template:Spanish Empire"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Spanish_Empire" title="Template talk:Spanish Empire"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Spanish_Empire" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Spanish Empire"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Spanish_Empire139" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish Empire</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div id="Timeline–immersed139" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Timeline–immersed</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Monarchs" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Monarchs">Catholic Monarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="Spanish colonization of the Americas">Conquest of the Americas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spanish_East_Indies" title="Spanish East Indies">Asia and the Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Tordesillas" title="Treaty of Tordesillas">Treaty of Tordesillas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Wars" title="Italian Wars">Italian Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habsburg_Spain" title="Habsburg Spain">Habsburgs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Golden_Age" title="Spanish Golden Age">Golden Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_League_of_Cognac" title="War of the League of Cognac">War of the League of Cognac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encomienda" title="Encomienda">Encomiendas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Laws" title="New Laws">New Laws in favour of the indigenous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expulsion_of_the_Moriscos" title="Expulsion of the Moriscos">Expulsion of the Moriscos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman%E2%80%93Habsburg_wars" title="Ottoman–Habsburg wars">Ottoman–Habsburg wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Wars_of_Religion" title="French Wars of Religion">French Wars of Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castilian_War" title="Castilian War">Bruneian–Spanish conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Spanish_War_(1585%E2%80%931604)" title="Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)">Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_in_the_Caribbean" title="Piracy in the Caribbean">Piracy in the Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighty_Years%27_War" title="Eighty Years' War">Eighty Years' War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93Moro_conflict" title="Spanish–Moro conflict">Spanish–Moro conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_War" title="Thirty Years' War">Thirty Years' War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco-Spanish_War_(1635%E2%80%931659)" title="Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659)">Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Restoration_War" title="Portuguese Restoration War">Portuguese Restoration War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Spanish_Succession" title="War of the Spanish Succession">War of the Spanish Succession</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Anne%27s_War" title="Queen Anne's War">Queen Anne's War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enlightenment_in_Spain" title="Enlightenment in Spain">Bourbons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourbon_Reforms" title="Bourbon Reforms">Bourbon Reforms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_Jenkins%27_Ear" title="War of Jenkins' Ear">War of Jenkins' Ear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Madrid_(13_January_1750)" title="Treaty of Madrid (13 January 1750)">Treaty of Madrid (1750)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War" title="Seven Years' War">Seven Years' War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nootka_Convention" title="Nootka Convention">Nootka Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peninsular_War" title="Peninsular War">Napoleonic invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Treaty_of_San_Ildefonso" title="Third Treaty of San Ildefonso">Third Treaty of San Ildefonso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_American_wars_of_independence" title="Spanish American wars of independence">Independence of Spanish continental Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adams%E2%80%93On%C3%ADs_Treaty" title="Adams–Onís Treaty">Adams–Onís Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Constitution_of_1812" title="Spanish Constitution of 1812">Liberal constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlist_Wars" title="Carlist Wars">Carlist Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German%E2%80%93Spanish_Treaty_(1899)" title="German–Spanish Treaty (1899)">German–Spanish Treaty (1899)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Morocco#Independent_Morocco_(since_1956)" title="History of Morocco">Independence of Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Guinea" title="Spanish Guinea">Independence of Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Sahara_conflict" title="Western Sahara conflict">Western Sahara conflict</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div id="Territories139" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Territories</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: nowrap; text-align: right;">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: white; text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Castille" class="mw-redirect" title="Crown of Castille">Crown of Castille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Aragon" title="Crown of Aragon">Crown of Aragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iberian_Union" title="Iberian Union">Union with Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li></ul></li> <li>Southern Italy (Kingdoms of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples#Aragonese_dynasty" title="Kingdom of Naples">Naples</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sicily#The_insular_kingdom_of_Sicily_under_the_Crown_of_Aragon_and_Spain" title="Kingdom of Sicily">Sicily</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sardinia#Aragonese_period" title="Sardinia">Sardinia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Milan" title="Duchy of Milan">Milan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Union with Holy Roman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Netherlands" title="Spanish Netherlands">Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, northernmost France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franche-Comt%C3%A9" title="Franche-Comté">Franche-Comté</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Catalonia" title="Northern Catalonia">Pyrénées-Orientales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: nowrap; text-align: right;">Americas (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_America" title="Spanish America">Spanish America</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: white; text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: nowrap; text-align: right;">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: white; text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Spain" title="New Spain">New Spain</a> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_expeditions_to_the_Pacific_Northwest" title="Spanish expeditions to the Pacific Northwest">Coastal Alaska</a>, Central United States (<a href="/wiki/Louisiana_(New_Spain)" title="Louisiana (New Spain)">Spanish Louisiana</a>), Western United States (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_Texas" title="Spanish Texas">Spanish Texas</a>), <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Florida" title="Spanish Florida">Florida</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Mexico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kingdom of Mexico (page does not exist)">Mexico</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_de_M%C3%A9xico" class="extiw" title="es:Reino de México">es</a>]</span>, Central America (<a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Yucatan" class="mw-redirect" title="Captaincy General of Yucatan">Captaincy General of Yucatan</a>), <a href="/wiki/Spanish_West_Indies" title="Spanish West Indies">Spanish Caribbean</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: nowrap; text-align: right;">Central America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: white; text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Guatemala" title="Captaincy General of Guatemala">Captaincy General of Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_West_Indies" title="Spanish West Indies">Spanish West Indies</a> (<a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Cuba" title="Captaincy General of Cuba">Cuba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Santo_Domingo" title="Captaincy General of Santo Domingo">Dominican Republic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Captaincy General of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago#Spanish_period" title="History of Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Santiago" title="Colony of Santiago">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Haiti#Spanish_history_(1492–1625)" title="History of Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aruba#History" title="Aruba">Aruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao#History" title="Curaçao">Curazao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonaire#History" title="Bonaire">Bonaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Belize_(1506%E2%80%931862)" title="History of Belize (1506–1862)">Belize</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: nowrap; text-align: right;">South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: white; text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_New_Granada" title="Viceroyalty of New Granada">New Granada</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Granada" title="New Kingdom of Granada">Colombia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Real_Audiencia_of_Quito" title="Real Audiencia of Quito">Ecuador</a>, <a href="/wiki/Real_Audiencia_of_Panama" title="Real Audiencia of Panama">Panama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Venezuela" title="Captaincy General of Venezuela">Venezuela, part of Guyana</a>, a northernmost portion of Brazilian Amazon)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_Peru" title="Viceroyalty of Peru">Peru</a> (Peru, <a href="/wiki/Acre_(state)" title="Acre (state)">Acre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Chile" title="Captaincy General of Chile">Chile</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_the_R%C3%ADo_de_la_Plata" title="Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata">Río de la Plata</a> (<a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_the_R%C3%ADo_de_la_Plata" title="Governorate of the Río de la Plata">Argentina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_Paraguay" title="Governorate of Paraguay">Paraguay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Real_Audiencia_of_Charcas" title="Real Audiencia of Charcas">Charcas</a> (Bolivia), <a href="/wiki/Banda_Oriental" title="Banda Oriental">Banda Oriental</a> (Uruguay), <a href="/wiki/Misiones_Orientales" title="Misiones Orientales">Misiones Orientales</a>, <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Falkland_Islands" title="History of the Falkland Islands">Malvinas</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: nowrap; text-align: right;">Asia and Oceania (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_East_Indies" title="Spanish East Indies">Spanish East Indies</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: white; text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_the_Philippines" title="Captaincy General of the Philippines">Captaincy General of the Philippines</a> (<a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Mariana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Islands" title="Caroline Islands">Caroline</a>, <a href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Federated States of Micronesia">Micronesia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palau" title="Palau">Palau</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Formosa" title="Spanish Formosa">Northern Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tidore" title="Tidore">Tidore</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: nowrap; text-align: right;">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: white; text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Guinea" title="Spanish Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li>Northern Africa (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_Sahara" title="Spanish Sahara">Western Sahara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spanish_protectorate_in_Morocco" title="Spanish protectorate in Morocco">Spanish Morocco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Tripoli" title="Spanish Tripoli">Tripoli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tunis#Spanish_occupation_and_Ottoman_control" title="Tunis">Tunis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pe%C3%B1%C3%B3n_of_Algiers" title="Peñón of Algiers">Peñón of Algiers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oran#Spanish_period_(1509–1708,_1732–1792)" title="Oran">Oran</a>, <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9ja%C3%AFa#Muslim_and_feudal_rulers" title="Béjaïa">Béjaïa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ifni" title="Ifni">Ifni</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cape_Juby" title="Cape Juby">Cape Juby</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: nowrap; text-align: right;">Antarctica</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: white; text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terra_Australis,_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Terra Australis, Spain">Terra Australis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div id="Administration139" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Administration</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: nowrap; text-align: right;">Organization</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: white; text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ayuntamiento" title="Ayuntamiento">Ayuntamiento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabildo_(council)" title="Cabildo (council)">Cabildo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_Indies" title="Council of the Indies">Council of the Indies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germania_(guild)" title="Germania (guild)">Germania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Hermandad" title="Santa Hermandad">Santa Hermandad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: nowrap; text-align: right;">Law</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: white; text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exequatur" title="Exequatur">Exequatur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laws_of_the_Indies" title="Laws of the Indies">Laws of the Indies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_bull" title="Papal bull">Papal bull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Decree_of_Graces_of_1815" title="Royal Decree of Graces of 1815">Royal Decree of Graces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_of_Salamanca" title="School of Salamanca">School of Salamanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trial_of_residence" title="Trial of residence">Trial of residence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: nowrap; text-align: right;">Titles and positions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: white; text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcalde" title="Alcalde">Alcalde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corregidor_(position)" title="Corregidor (position)">Corregidor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_president" title="Municipal president">Municipal president</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regidor" title="Regidor">Regidor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syndic" title="Syndic">Syndic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vecino" title="Vecino">Vecino</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div id="Administrative_subdivisions139" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Administrative subdivisions</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: nowrap; text-align: right;"><a href="/wiki/Viceroy#In_the_Americas" title="Viceroy">Viceroyalties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: white; text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbian_Viceroyalty" title="Columbian Viceroyalty">Columbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_New_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Viceroyalty of New Spain">New Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_New_Granada" title="Viceroyalty of New Granada">New Granada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_Peru" title="Viceroyalty of Peru">Perú</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_the_R%C3%ADo_de_la_Plata" title="Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata">Río de la Plata</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: nowrap; text-align: right;"><a href="/wiki/Captaincies_of_the_Spanish_Empire" title="Captaincies of the Spanish Empire">Captaincies General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: white; text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Chile" title="Captaincy General of Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Cuba" title="Captaincy General of Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Guatemala" title="Captaincy General of Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_the_Philippines" title="Captaincy General of the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provincias_Internas" title="Provincias Internas">Provincias Internas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Captaincy General of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Santo_Domingo" title="Captaincy General of Santo Domingo">Santo Domingo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Venezuela" title="Captaincy General of Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Captaincy General of Yucatán">Yucatán</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: nowrap; text-align: right;"><a href="/wiki/Governorates_of_the_Spanish_Empire" title="Governorates of the Spanish Empire">Governorates</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: white; text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Castilla_de_Oro" title="Castilla de Oro">Castilla de Oro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_Cuba" title="Governorate of Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Florida" title="Spanish Florida">La Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_(New_Spain)" title="Louisiana (New Spain)">La Luisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_New_Andalusia_(1501%E2%80%931513)" title="Governorate of New Andalusia (1501–1513)">New Andalusia (1501–1513)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_New_Andalusia" title="Governorate of New Andalusia">New Andalusia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_New_Castile" title="Governorate of New Castile">New Castile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Navarre" title="New Navarre">New Navarre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Spain" title="New Spain">New Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_New_Toledo" title="Governorate of New Toledo">New Toledo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_Paraguay" title="Governorate of Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_the_R%C3%ADo_de_la_Plata" title="Governorate of the Río de la Plata">Río de la Plata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_Terra_Australis" title="Governorate of Terra Australis">Terra Australis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: nowrap; text-align: right;"><a href="/wiki/Real_Audiencia" title="Real Audiencia">Audiencias</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: white; text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Granada" title="New Kingdom of Granada">Bogotá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Audiencia_of_Buenos_Aires" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Audiencia of Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Venezuela" title="Captaincy General of Venezuela">Caracas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Audiencia_of_Charcas" title="Real Audiencia of Charcas">Charcas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Audiencia_of_Concepci%C3%B3n" title="Real Audiencia of Concepción">Concepción</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Audiencia_of_Cusco" class="mw-redirect" title="Real Audiencia of Cusco">Cusco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Audiencia_of_Guadalajara" title="Royal Audiencia of Guadalajara">Guadalajara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Audiencia_of_Guatemala" title="Real Audiencia of Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Audiencia_of_Lima" title="Real Audiencia of Lima">Lima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Audiencia_of_Manila" title="Real Audiencia of Manila">Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Audiencia_of_Mexico" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Audiencia of Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Audiencia_of_Panama" title="Real Audiencia of Panama">Panamá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Audiencia_of_Quito" title="Real Audiencia of Quito">Quito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Audiencia_of_Santiago" title="Real Audiencia of Santiago">Santiago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Audiencia_of_Santo_Domingo" title="Real Audiencia of Santo Domingo">Santo Domingo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div id="Economy139" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Economy</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Currency_of_Spanish_America" title="Currency of Spanish America">Currencies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_dollar" title="Spanish dollar">Dollar (Peso)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_colonial_real" title="Spanish colonial real">Real</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maraved%C3%AD" title="Maravedí">Maravedí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_escudo" title="Spanish escudo">Escudo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columnarios" class="mw-redirect" title="Columnarios">Columnario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doubloon" title="Doubloon">Doubloon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trade</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manila_galleon" title="Manila galleon">Manila galleon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_treasure_fleet" title="Spanish treasure fleet">Spanish treasure fleet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casa_de_Contrataci%C3%B3n" title="Casa de Contratación">Casa de Contratación</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Road" title="Spanish Road">Spanish Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guipuzcoan_Company_of_Caracas" title="Guipuzcoan Company of Caracas">Guipuzcoan Company of Caracas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barcelona_Trading_Company" title="Barcelona Trading Company">Barcelona Trading Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consulate_of_the_Sea" title="Consulate of the Sea">Consulate of the Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camino_Real_de_Tierra_Adentro" title="Camino Real de Tierra Adentro">Camino Real de Tierra Adentro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commerce_Consulate_of_Buenos_Aires" title="Commerce Consulate of Buenos Aires">Commerce Consulate of Buenos Aires</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div id="Military139" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Military</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: nowrap; text-align: right;">Armies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: white; text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tercio" title="Tercio">Tercio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_Flanders" title="Army of Flanders">Army of Flanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Company_of_Volunteers_of_Catalonia" title="Free Company of Volunteers of Catalonia">Free Company of Volunteers of Catalonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_auxiliaries" title="Indian auxiliaries">Indian auxiliaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armada" title="Spanish Armada">Spanish Armada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ships_of_the_line_of_Spain" title="List of ships of the line of Spain">Ships of the line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royalist_(Spanish_American_independence)" title="Royalist (Spanish American independence)">Royalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Legion" title="Spanish Legion">Legión</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_Africa_(Spain)" title="Army of Africa (Spain)">Army of Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: nowrap; text-align: right;">Strategists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: white; text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_%C3%81lvarez_de_Toledo,_3rd_Duke_of_Alba" title="Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba">Duke of Alba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_de_Leyva,_Duke_of_Terranova" title="Antonio de Leyva, Duke of Terranova">Antonio de Leyva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_de_Goiti" title="Martín de Goiti">Martín de Goiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_d%27Avalos" title="Alfonso d'Avalos">Alfonso d'Avalos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garc%C3%ADa_de_Toledo_Osorio,_4th_Marquis_of_Villafranca" class="mw-redirect" title="García de Toledo Osorio, 4th Marquis of Villafranca">García de Toledo Osorio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Philibert,_Duke_of_Savoy" title="Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy">Duke of Savoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_de_Baz%C3%A1n_the_Elder" title="Álvaro de Bazán the Elder">Álvaro de Bazán the Elder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_Austria" title="John of Austria">John of Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Bonaventure_de_Longueval,_Count_of_Bucquoy" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Bonaventure de Longueval, Count of Bucquoy">Charles Bonaventure de Longueval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_de_Zubiaur" title="Pedro de Zubiaur">Pedro de Zubiaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrogio_Spinola,_1st_Marquis_of_the_Balbases" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambrogio Spinola, 1st Marquis of the Balbases">Ambrosio Spinola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blas_de_Lezo" title="Blas de Lezo">Blas de Lezo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_de_G%C3%A1lvez" title="Bernardo de Gálvez">Bernardo de Gálvez</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: nowrap; text-align: right;">Mariners</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: white; text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Columbus" title="Christopher Columbus">Christopher Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinz%C3%B3n_brothers" title="Pinzón brothers">Pinzón brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Magellan" title="Ferdinand Magellan">Ferdinand Magellan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Sebasti%C3%A1n_Elcano" title="Juan Sebastián Elcano">Juan Sebastián Elcano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_la_Cosa" title="Juan de la Cosa">Juan de la Cosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Ponce_de_Le%C3%B3n" title="Juan Ponce de León">Juan Ponce de León</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_L%C3%B3pez_de_Legazpi" title="Miguel López de Legazpi">Miguel López de Legazpi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Men%C3%A9ndez_de_Avil%C3%A9s" title="Pedro Menéndez de Avilés">Pedro Menéndez de Avilés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebasti%C3%A1n_de_Ocampo" title="Sebastián de Ocampo">Sebastián de Ocampo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvar_N%C3%BA%C3%B1ez_Cabeza_de_Vaca" title="Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca">Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alonso_de_Ojeda" title="Alonso de Ojeda">Alonso de Ojeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasco_N%C3%BA%C3%B1ez_de_Balboa" title="Vasco Núñez de Balboa">Vasco Núñez de Balboa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alonso_de_Salazar" title="Alonso de Salazar">Alonso de Salazar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_de_Urdaneta" title="Andrés de Urdaneta">Andrés de Urdaneta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_de_Ulloa" title="Antonio de Ulloa">Antonio de Ulloa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruy_L%C3%B3pez_de_Villalobos" title="Ruy López de Villalobos">Ruy López de Villalobos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_Columbus" title="Diego Columbus">Diego Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alonso_de_Ercilla" title="Alonso de Ercilla">Alonso de Ercilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_de_Ovando" title="Nicolás de Ovando">Nicolás de Ovando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Ayala" title="Juan de Ayala">Juan de Ayala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebasti%C3%A1n_Vizca%C3%ADno" title="Sebastián Vizcaíno">Sebastián Vizcaíno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Fern%C3%A1ndez_(explorer)" title="Juan Fernández (explorer)">Juan Fernández</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Fajardo_y_Ru%C3%ADz_de_Avenda%C3%B1o" class="mw-redirect" title="Luis Fajardo y Ruíz de Avendaño">Luis Fajardo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felipe_Gonz%C3%A1lez_de_Ahedo" title="Felipe González de Ahedo">Felipe González de Ahedo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: nowrap; text-align: right;"><a href="/wiki/Conquistador" title="Conquistador">Conquistadors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: white; text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hern%C3%A1n_Cort%C3%A9s" title="Hernán Cortés">Hernán Cortés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Pizarro" title="Francisco Pizarro">Francisco Pizarro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Jim%C3%A9nez_de_Quesada" title="Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada">Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hern%C3%A1n_P%C3%A9rez_de_Quesada" title="Hernán Pérez de Quesada">Hernán Pérez de Quesada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_V%C3%A1zquez_de_Coronado" title="Francisco Vázquez de Coronado">Francisco Vázquez de Coronado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_Vel%C3%A1zquez_de_Cu%C3%A9llar" title="Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar">Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_de_Valdivia" title="Pedro de Valdivia">Pedro de Valdivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaspar de Portolà">Gaspar de Portolà</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pere_Fages_i_Beleta" class="mw-redirect" title="Pere Fages i Beleta">Pere Fages i Beleta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Orp%C3%AD" title="Joan Orpí">Joan Orpí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_de_Alvarado" title="Pedro de Alvarado">Pedro de Alvarado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_de_Urs%C3%BAa" title="Martín de Ursúa">Martín de Ursúa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_de_Almagro" title="Diego de Almagro">Diego de Almagro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A1nfilo_de_Narv%C3%A1ez" title="Pánfilo de Narváez">Pánfilo de Narváez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_de_Mazariegos" title="Diego de Mazariegos">Diego de Mazariegos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jer%C3%B3nimo_Luis_de_Cabrera" title="Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera">Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pere_d%27Albern%C3%AD_i_Teixidor" class="mw-redirect" title="Pere d'Alberní i Teixidor">Pere d'Alberní i Teixidor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garc%C3%ADa_L%C3%B3pez_de_C%C3%A1rdenas" title="García López de Cárdenas">García López de Cárdenas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: nowrap; text-align: right;">Notable battles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: white; text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Old World</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Won</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revolt_of_the_Comuneros" title="Revolt of the Comuneros">Comuneros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bicocca" title="Battle of Bicocca">Bicocca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Rome_(1527)" title="Sack of Rome (1527)">Rome (1527)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Landriano" title="Battle of Landriano">Landriano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pavia" title="Battle of Pavia">Pavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Tunis_(1535)" title="Conquest of Tunis (1535)">Tunis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_M%C3%BChlberg" title="Battle of Mühlberg">Mühlberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_St._Quentin_(1557)" title="Battle of St. Quentin (1557)">St. Quentin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gravelines_(1558)" title="Battle of Gravelines (1558)">Gravelines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Siege_of_Malta" title="Great Siege of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lepanto" title="Battle of Lepanto">Lepanto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Antwerp" title="Fall of Antwerp">Antwerp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ponta_Delgada" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Ponta Delgada">Azores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mons_(1572)" title="Siege of Mons (1572)">Mons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gembloux_(1578)" title="Battle of Gembloux (1578)">Gembloux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ostend" title="Siege of Ostend">Ostend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Armada" title="English Armada">English Armada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Celidonia" title="Battle of Cape Celidonia">Cape Celidonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_White_Mountain" title="Battle of White Mountain">White Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Breda_(1624)" title="Siege of Breda (1624)">Breda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_N%C3%B6rdlingen_(1634)" title="Battle of Nördlingen (1634)">Nördlingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Valenciennes_(1656)" title="Battle of Valenciennes (1656)">Valenciennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sieges_of_Ceuta_(1694%E2%80%931727)" title="Sieges of Ceuta (1694–1727)">Ceuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bitonto" title="Battle of Bitonto">Bitonto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bail%C3%A9n" title="Battle of Bailén">Bailén</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vitoria" title="Battle of Vitoria">Vitoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_T%C3%A9touan" title="Battle of Tétouan">Tetouan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alhucemas_landing" title="Alhucemas landing">Alhucemas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lost</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Capo_d%27Orso" title="Battle of Capo d'Orso">Capo d'Orso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Vienna_(1529)" title="Siege of Vienna (1529)">Vienna (1529)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Preveza" title="Battle of Preveza">Preveza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Castelnuovo" title="Siege of Castelnuovo">Siege of Castelnuovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algiers_expedition_(1541)" title="Algiers expedition (1541)">Algiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ceresole" title="Battle of Ceresole">Ceresole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_invasion_of_the_Balearic_Islands_(1558)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman invasion of the Balearic Islands (1558)">Balearic Islands (1558)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Djerba" title="Battle of Djerba">Djerba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Tunis_(1574)" title="Conquest of Tunis (1574)">Tunis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armada" title="Spanish Armada">Spanish Armada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Leiden" title="Siege of Leiden">Leiden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rocroi" title="Battle of Rocroi">Rocroi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Downs" title="Battle of the Downs">Downs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Montes_Claros" title="Battle of Montes Claros">Montes Claros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Passaro" title="Battle of Cape Passaro">Passaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_Bay" title="Battle of Manila Bay">Manila Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trafalgar" title="Battle of Trafalgar">Trafalgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Somosierra" title="Battle of Somosierra">Somosierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Annual" title="Battle of Annual">Annual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mactan" title="Battle of Mactan">Mactan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New World</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Won</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Tenochtitlan" title="Fall of Tenochtitlan">Tenochtitlan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cajamarca" title="Battle of Cajamarca">Cajamarca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Cusco" title="Siege of Cusco">Cusco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_the_Muisca" title="Spanish conquest of the Muisca">Bogotá savanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Penco" title="Battle of Penco">Penco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mataquito" title="Battle of Mataquito">Mataquito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Guadalupe_Island_(1595)" title="Battle of Guadalupe Island (1595)">Guadalupe Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Recife_(1595)" title="Capture of Recife (1595)">Recife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Juan_(1595)" title="Battle of San Juan (1595)">San Juan (1595)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recapture_of_Bahia" title="Recapture of Bahia">Bahia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Colonia_del_Sacramento" title="Siege of Colonia del Sacramento">Colonia del Sacramento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolt_of_the_Comuneros_(Paraguay)" title="Revolt of the Comuneros (Paraguay)">Comuneros (Paraguay)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cartagena_de_Indias" title="Battle of Cartagena de Indias">Cartagena de Indias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuerno_Verde" title="Cuerno Verde">Cuerno Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebellion_of_T%C3%BApac_Amaru_II" title="Rebellion of Túpac Amaru II">Túpac Amaru II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BApac_Katari" title="Túpac Katari">Túpac Katari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Pensacola" title="Siege of Pensacola">Pensacola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newfoundland_expedition" title="Newfoundland expedition">Newfoundland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Juan_(1797)" title="Battle of San Juan (1797)">San Juan (1797)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lost</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/La_Noche_Triste" title="La Noche Triste">La Noche Triste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iguape_War" title="Iguape War">Iguape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tucapel" title="Battle of Tucapel">Tucapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raleigh%27s_El_Dorado_Expedition" class="mw-redirect" title="Raleigh's El Dorado Expedition">Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Curalaba" title="Battle of Curalaba">Curalaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolt_of_the_Comuneros_(New_Granada)" title="Revolt of the Comuneros (New Granada)">Comuneros (New Granada)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Trinidad_(1797)" title="Invasion of Trinidad (1797)">Trinidad (1797)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chacabuco" title="Battle of Chacabuco">Chacabuco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Boyac%C3%A1" title="Battle of Boyacá">Boyacá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Carabobo" title="Battle of Carabobo">Carabobo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pichincha" title="Battle of Pichincha">Pichincha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ayacucho" title="Battle of Ayacucho">Ayacucho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Guam" title="Capture of Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Santiago_de_Cuba" title="Battle of Santiago de Cuba">Santiago de Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rican_Campaign#Battle_of_Asomante" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rican Campaign">Asomante</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div id="Spanish_conquests139" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Spanish conquests</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Conquest of the Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="Spanish colonization of the Americas">The Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_the_Aztec_Empire" title="Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire">Aztec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_the_Maya" title="Spanish conquest of the Maya">Maya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_Chiapas" title="Spanish conquest of Chiapas">Chiapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Spanish conquest of Yucatán">Yucatán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_Guatemala" title="Spanish conquest of Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_Pet%C3%A9n" title="Spanish conquest of Petén">Petén</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_El_Salvador" title="Spanish conquest of El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_Honduras" title="Spanish conquest of Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_Nicaragua" title="Spanish conquest of Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_the_Chibchan_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish conquest of the Chibchan Nations">Chibchan Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_the_Muisca" title="Spanish conquest of the Muisca">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Chile" title="Conquest of Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_the_Inca_Empire" title="Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire">Inca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1521%E2%80%931898)#Spanish_expeditions_and_colonization" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Philippines (1521–1898)">Philippines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div id="Other_civil_topics139" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other civil topics</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_missions_in_the_Americas" title="Spanish missions in the Americas">Spanish missions in the Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Colonial_architecture" title="Spanish Colonial architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesoamerican_Codices" title="Mesoamerican Codices">Mesoamerican Codices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cusco_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Cusco School">Cusco painting tradition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indochristian_art" title="Indochristian art">Indochristian painting in New Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quito_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Quito School">Quito painting tradition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Africanist_(Spain)" title="Africanist (Spain)">Africanist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapada_lime%C3%B1a" title="Tapada limeña">Tapada limeña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academia_Ant%C3%A1rtica" title="Academia Antártica">Academia Antártica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_universities_in_Hispanic_America" title="List of colonial universities in Hispanic America">Colonial universities in Hispanic America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_oldest_schools_in_the_Philippines" title="List of the oldest schools in the Philippines">Colonial universities in the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Archive_of_the_Indies" title="General Archive of the Indies">General Archive of the Indies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_Spanish_Horse" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonial Spanish Horse">Colonial Spanish Horse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mustang" title="Mustang">Mustang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casta" title="Casta">Castas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Criollo_people#Spanish_colonial_caste_system" title="Criollo people">Criollos in the colonial society</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Inquisition" title="Spanish Inquisition">Old inquisition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_the_Spanish_New_World_colonies" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavery in the Spanish New World colonies">Slavery in Spanish Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asiento" class="mw-redirect" title="Asiento">Asiento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans#Colonial_era" title="African Americans">Law of coartación (which allowed slaves to buy their freedom, and that of others)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Potos%C3%AD_Mint_Fraud_of_1649" title="Great Potosí Mint Fraud of 1649">Great Potosí Mint Fraud of 1649</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Muisca325" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Muisca_navbox" title="Template:Muisca navbox"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:black">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Muisca_navbox" title="Template talk:Muisca navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:black">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Muisca_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Muisca navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:black">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Muisca325" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Muisca" title="Muisca"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Muisca</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><div id="Topics325" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Topics</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_agriculture" title="Muisca agriculture">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_architecture" title="Muisca architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_art" title="Muisca art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_astronomy" title="Muisca astronomy">Astronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_calendar" title="Muisca calendar">Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_cuisine" title="Muisca cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_economy" title="Muisca economy">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_mummification" title="Muisca mummification">Mummification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_music" title="Muisca music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chibcha_language" title="Chibcha language">Muysccubun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_mythology" title="Muisca mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_numerals" title="Muisca numerals">Numerals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_religion" title="Muisca religion">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muisca_society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muisca society (page does not exist)"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Society</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Muisca_toponyms" title="List of Muisca toponyms">Toponyms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_warfare" title="Muisca warfare">Warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Muisca_society" title="Women in Muisca society">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%">Specific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pasca" title="Battle of Pasca">Battle of Pasca (~1470)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chocont%C3%A1" title="Battle of Chocontá">Battle of Chocontá (~1490)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicha" title="Chicha">Chicha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duit_language" title="Duit language">Duit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_emeralds" title="Colombian emeralds">Emeralds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_raft" title="Muisca raft">Muisca raft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruana" title="Ruana">Ruana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tejo_(sport)" title="Tejo (sport)">Tejo</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tunjo" title="Tunjo">Tunjo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoratama" title="Zoratama">Zoratama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Muisca_economy#Mining" title="Muisca economy">The Salt People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zipaquir%C3%A1" title="Zipaquirá">Zipaquirá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemoc%C3%B3n" title="Nemocón">Nemocón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tausa" title="Tausa">Tausa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sesquil%C3%A9" title="Sesquilé">Sesquilé</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><div id="Geography_and_history325" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Geography and history</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Altiplano_Cundiboyacense" title="Altiplano Cundiboyacense">Altiplano<br />Cundiboyacense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bogot%C3%A1_River" title="Bogotá River">Bogotá River</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Fr%C3%ADo,_Bogot%C3%A1_savanna" class="mw-redirect" title="Río Frío, Bogotá savanna">Frío</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fucha_River" title="Fucha River">Fucha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Amarillo_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan Amarillo River">Juan Amarillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soacha_River" title="Soacha River">Soacha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teusac%C3%A1_River" title="Teusacá River">Teusacá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torca_River" title="Torca River">Torca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunjuelo_River" title="Tunjuelo River">Tunjuelo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogot%C3%A1_savanna" title="Bogotá savanna">Bogotá savanna</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suba_Hills&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suba Hills (page does not exist)"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Suba Hills</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wetlands_of_Bogot%C3%A1" title="Wetlands of Bogotá">Wetlands</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Hills,_Bogot%C3%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Hills, Bogotá">Eastern Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_flora_and_fauna_named_after_the_Muisca" title="List of flora and fauna named after the Muisca">Flora & fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su%C3%A1rez_River" title="Suárez River">Suárez River</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ubat%C3%A9-Chiquinquir%C3%A1_Valley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ubaté-Chiquinquirá Valley (page does not exist)"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Ubaté-Chiquinquirá Valley</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%">Neighbouring areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ocet%C3%A1_P%C3%A1ramo" title="Ocetá Páramo">Ocetá Páramo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenza_Valley" title="Tenza Valley">Tenza Valley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Template:Timeline_of_inhabitation_of_the_Altiplano_Cundiboyacense" title="Template:Timeline of inhabitation of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Muisca_Confederation#Prehistory" title="Muisca Confederation">Prehistory</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<b><10,000 BP</b>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lake_Humboldt,_Colombia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lake Humboldt, Colombia (page does not exist)"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Lake Humboldt</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Abra" title="El Abra">El Abra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibit%C3%B3" title="Tibitó">Tibitó</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sueva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sueva (page does not exist)"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Sueva</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tequendama" title="Tequendama">Tequendama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Andean_preceramic" title="Andean preceramic">Lithic</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<b>10,000 - 2800 BP</b>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piedras_del_Tunjo_Archaeological_Park" title="Piedras del Tunjo Archaeological Park">Piedras del Tunjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Checua" title="Checua">Checua</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galindo,_Colombia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galindo, Colombia (page does not exist)"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Galindo</span></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nemoc%C3%B3n_rock_shelter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nemocón rock shelter (page does not exist)"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Nemocón</span></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A1chica_rock_shelter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sáchica rock shelter (page does not exist)"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Sáchica</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aguazuque" title="Aguazuque">Aguazuque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Herrera" title="Lake Herrera">Lake Herrera</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/El_Infiernito" title="El Infiernito">El Infiernito</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;">Ceramic <span style="font-size:85%;">(<b>>800 BC</b>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herrera_Period" title="Herrera Period">Herrera</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<b>800 BC - 800</b>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca" title="Muisca">Early Muisca</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<b>800 - 1200</b>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_Confederation" title="Muisca Confederation">Muisca Confederation</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<b>~1450 - 1540</b>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabildo_Mayor_del_Pueblo_Muisca" title="Cabildo Mayor del Pueblo Muisca">Cabildo Mayor</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<b>>2002</b>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><div id="Religion_and_mythology325" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Religion and mythology</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Muisca_deities" title="Category:Muisca deities">Deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chiminigagua" title="Chiminigagua">Chiminigagua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bachu%C3%A9" title="Bachué">Bachué</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%ADa_(goddess)" title="Chía (goddess)">Chía</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su%C3%A9" title="Sué">Sué</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bochica" title="Bochica">Bochica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huitaca_(goddess)" title="Huitaca (goddess)">Huitaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chibchacum" title="Chibchacum">Chibchacum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuchavira" title="Cuchavira">Cuchavira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nencatacoa" title="Nencatacoa">Nencatacoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaqu%C3%A9n" title="Chaquén">Chaquén</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chibafruime" title="Chibafruime">Chibafruime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guahaioque" title="Guahaioque">Guahaioque</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Muisca_and_pre-Muisca_sites" title="List of Muisca and pre-Muisca sites">Sacred sites</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Muisca_architecture#Temples" title="Muisca architecture">Built</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Temple_(Sogamoso)" title="Sun Temple (Sogamoso)">Sun Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_Temple_(Ch%C3%ADa)" title="Moon Temple (Chía)">Moon Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cojines_del_Zaque" title="Cojines del Zaque">Cojines del Zaque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goranchacha_Temple" title="Goranchacha Temple">Goranchacha Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunzah%C3%BAa_Well" title="Hunzahúa Well">Hunzahúa Well</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Muisca_religion#Sacred_sites" title="Muisca religion">Natural</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lake_F%C3%BAquene" title="Lake Fúquene">Fúquene</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lake_Guasca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lake Guasca (page does not exist)"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Guasca</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Guatavita" title="Lake Guatavita">Guatavita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Iguaque" title="Lake Iguaque">Iguaque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siecha_Lakes" title="Siecha Lakes">Siecha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Suesca" title="Lake Suesca">Suesca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Tota" title="Lake Tota">Tota</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lake_Ubaque&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lake Ubaque (page does not exist)"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Ubaque</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tequendama_Falls" title="Tequendama Falls">Tequendama Falls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Muisca_mythology" title="Muisca mythology">Mythology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;">Myths</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/El_Dorado" title="El Dorado">El Dorado</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monster_of_Lake_Tota" title="Monster of Lake Tota">Monster of Lake Tota</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;">Mythological figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goranchacha" title="Goranchacha">Goranchacha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idacans%C3%A1s" title="Idacansás">Idacansás</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacanchique" title="Pacanchique">Pacanchique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomagata" title="Thomagata">Thomagata</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><div id="Caciques_and_neighbours325" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Caciques and neighbours</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Muisca_Confederation#Hunza" title="Muisca Confederation">Northern <i>caciques</i></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><i><a href="/wiki/Zaque" class="mw-redirect" title="Zaque">zaque</a></i> of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hunza,_Colombia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hunza, Colombia (page does not exist)"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Hunza</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hunzah%C3%BAa" title="Hunzahúa">Hunzahúa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michu%C3%A1" title="Michuá">Michuá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quemuenchatocha" title="Quemuenchatocha">Quemuenchatocha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquiminzaque" title="Aquiminzaque">Aquiminzaque</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><i><a href="/wiki/Iraca" title="Iraca">iraca</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Sogamoso" title="Sogamoso">Suamox</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nompanim" title="Nompanim">Nompanim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugamuxi" title="Sugamuxi">Sugamuxi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><i>cacique</i> of <a href="/wiki/Duitama" title="Duitama">Tundama </a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tundama" title="Tundama">Tundama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Muisca_Confederation#Bacatá" title="Muisca Confederation">Southern <i>caciques</i></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><i><a href="/wiki/Zipa" class="mw-redirect" title="Zipa">zipa</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Bacat%C3%A1" title="Bacatá">Bacatá</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meicuchuca" title="Meicuchuca">Meicuchuca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saguamanchica" title="Saguamanchica">Saguamanchica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemequene" title="Nemequene">Nemequene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tisquesusa" title="Tisquesusa">Tisquesusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagipa" title="Sagipa">Sagipa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><i>cacique</i> of <a href="/wiki/Turmequ%C3%A9" title="Turmequé">Turmequé</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diego_de_Torres_y_Moyachoque" title="Diego de Torres y Moyachoque">Diego de Torres y Moyachoque</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Muisca_Confederation#Neighbouring_indigenous_groups" title="Muisca Confederation">Neighbours</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Chibcha_language" title="Chibcha language">Chibcha-speaking</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U%27wa_people" title="U'wa people">U'wa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutagao_people" title="Sutagao people">Sutagao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guane_people" title="Guane people">Guane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lache_people" title="Lache people">Lache</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Arawakan_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arawakan language">Arawak-speaking</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achagua_people" title="Achagua people">Achagua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tegua_people" title="Tegua people">Tegua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guayupe_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Guayupe people">Guayupe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Cariban_languages" title="Cariban languages">Cariban-speaking</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Panche_people" title="Panche people">Panche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzo_people" title="Muzo people">Muzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarigui_people" title="Yarigui people">Yarigui</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><div id="Spanish_conquest325" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_the_Muisca" title="Spanish conquest of the Muisca">Spanish conquest</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Conquistadors73" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_conquistadors_in_Colombia" title="List of conquistadors in Colombia">Conquistadors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;">Major</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Jim%C3%A9nez_de_Quesada" title="Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada">Gonzalo de Quesada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hern%C3%A1n_P%C3%A9rez_de_Quesada" title="Hernán Pérez de Quesada">Hernán de Quesada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltasar_Maldonado" title="Baltasar Maldonado">Baltasar Maldonado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Su%C3%A1rez_Rend%C3%B3n" title="Gonzalo Suárez Rendón">Gonzalo Suárez Rendón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_C%C3%A9spedes_Ruiz" title="Juan de Céspedes Ruiz">Juan de Céspedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Sanct_Mart%C3%ADn" title="Juan de Sanct Martín">Juan de San Martín</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #FFD500; color:black;">Minor</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_D%C3%ADaz_de_Cardoso" title="Antonio Díaz de Cardoso">Antonio Díaz de Cardoso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_de_Lebrija_(conquistador)" title="Antonio de Lebrija (conquistador)">Antonio de Lebrija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartolom%C3%A9_Camacho_Zambrano" title="Bartolomé Camacho Zambrano">Bartolomé Camacho Zambrano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Garc%C3%ADa_Zorro" title="Gonzalo García Zorro">Gonzalo García Zorro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Mac%C3%ADas" title="Gonzalo Macías">Gonzalo Macías</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hernán Venegas Carrillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Albarrac%C3%ADn" title="Juan de Albarracín">Juan de Albarracín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_del_Junco" title="Juan del Junco">Juan del Junco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Tafur" title="Juan Tafur">Juan Tafur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A1zaro_Fonte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lázaro Fonte (page does not exist)"><span style="color:black;background: white;">Lázaro Fonte</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Lanchero" title="Luis Lanchero">Luis Lanchero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Galeano" title="Martín Galeano">Martín Galeano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Ya%C3%B1%C3%A9z_Tafur" title="Martín Yañéz Tafur">Martín Yañéz Tafur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Holgu%C3%ADn_y_Figueroa" title="Miguel Holguín y Figueroa">Miguel Holguín y Figueroa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ort%C3%BAn_Vel%C3%A1zquez_de_Velasco" title="Ortún Velázquez de Velasco">Ortún Velázquez de Velasco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Valenzuela_(conquistador)" title="Pedro Fernández de Valenzuela (conquistador)">Pedro Fernández de Valenzuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Ru%C3%ADz_Corredor" title="Pedro Ruíz Corredor">Pedro Ruíz Corredor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_the_Muisca" title="Spanish conquest of the Muisca"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Conquest_of_Colombia.png/140px-Conquest_of_Colombia.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Conquest_of_Colombia.png/210px-Conquest_of_Colombia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Conquest_of_Colombia.png/280px-Conquest_of_Colombia.png 2x" data-file-width="1192" data-file-height="1480" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%">Neighbouring conquests</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_the_Chibchan_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish conquest of the Chibchan Nations">Conquest of the Chibchan Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzo_people" title="Muzo people">Conquest of the Muzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panche_people" title="Panche people">Conquest of the Panche</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tocarema" title="Battle of Tocarema">Battle of Tocarema (1538)</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><div id="Research_and_collections325" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Research and collections</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Muisca_and_pre-Muisca_scholars" title="List of Muisca and pre-Muisca scholars">Scholars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joaqu%C3%ADn_Acosta" title="Joaquín Acosta">Acosta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soledad_Acosta" title="Soledad Acosta">Acosta Samper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_de_Aguado" title="Pedro de Aguado">De Aguado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_Arango_Cano" title="Jesús Arango Cano">Arango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_M._Broadbent" title="Sylvia M. Broadbent">Broadbent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Castellanos" title="Juan de Castellanos">De Castellanos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eli%C3%A9cer_Silva_Celis" title="Eliécer Silva Celis">Celis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Correal_Urrego" title="Gonzalo Correal Urrego">Correal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Domingo_Duquesne" title="José Domingo Duquesne">Duquesne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Freyle" title="Juan Rodríguez Freyle">Freyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Friede" title="Juan Friede">Friede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Gamboa_Mendoza" title="Jorge Gamboa Mendoza">Gamboa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ana_Mar%C3%ADa_Groot" title="Ana María Groot">Groot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_van_der_Hammen" title="Thomas van der Hammen">Hammen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_von_Humboldt" title="Alexander von Humboldt">Humboldt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Arturo_Izquierdo_Pe%C3%B1a" title="Manuel Arturo Izquierdo Peña">Izquierdo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Henrik_Langebaek" title="Carl Henrik Langebaek">Langebaek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_de_Lugo" title="Bernardo de Lugo">De Lugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javier_Ocampo_L%C3%B3pez" title="Javier Ocampo López">Ocampo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucas_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Piedrahita" title="Lucas Fernández de Piedrahita">De Piedrahita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Jim%C3%A9nez_de_Quesada" title="Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada">De Quesada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerardo_Reichel-Dolmatoff" title="Gerardo Reichel-Dolmatoff">Reichel-Dolmatoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianne_Cardale_de_Schrimpff" title="Marianne Cardale de Schrimpff">Schrimpff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Sim%C3%B3n" title="Pedro Simón">Simón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Triana" title="Miguel Triana">Triana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezequiel_Uricoechea" title="Ezequiel Uricoechea">Uricoechea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liborio_Zerda" title="Liborio Zerda">Zerda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Eleg%C3%ADas_de_varones_ilustres_de_Indias" title="Elegías de varones ilustres de Indias">Elegías</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1589)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/El_Carnero" title="El Carnero">El Carnero</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1638)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ep%C3%ADtome_de_la_conquista_del_Nuevo_Reino_de_Granada" title="Epítome de la conquista del Nuevo Reino de Granada">Epítome</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1889)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Muisca_research_institutes" title="List of Muisca research institutes">Research institutes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_Institute_of_Anthropology_and_History" title="Colombian Institute of Anthropology and History">ICANH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_University_of_Colombia" title="National University of Colombia">Universidad Nacional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Los_Andes_(Colombia)" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Los Andes (Colombia)">Universidad de los Andes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Xavierian_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Pontifical Xavierian University">Universidad La Javeriana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pittsburgh" title="University of Pittsburgh">University of Pittsburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedagogical_and_Technological_University_of_Colombia" title="Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia">UPTC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Muisca_museum_collections" title="List of Muisca museum collections">Collections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Museum,_Bogot%C3%A1" title="Gold Museum, Bogotá">Museo del Oro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaeology_Museum,_Sogamoso" title="Archaeology Museum, Sogamoso">Archaeology Museum of Sogamoso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaeology_Museum,_Pasca" title="Archaeology Museum, Pasca">Archaeology Museum of Pasca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFD500; color:black;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Muisca" title="Category:Muisca">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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